XX uw|u4/ x}++., 224 y 2 · 2019. 1. 23. · cWo X[ W YedijhW_dj je emd[h _\ j^[o mWdj je Wffbo \eh...
Transcript of XX uw|u4/ x}++., 224 y 2 · 2019. 1. 23. · cWo X[ W YedijhW_dj je emd[h _\ j^[o mWdj je Wffbo \eh...
FSKPORU TORN >NQOLM
XX XY
w>7BB;D=;I ED |EKI?D= /HEL?I?ED
Ded]Ged]^WiX[[d \WY_d] j^[ jefe]hWf^_YWb WdZ ifWj_Wb YedijhW_dji/
P^[i[ ^Wl[ fei[Z W \ehc_ZWXb[ Y^Wbb[d][ eh YedijhW_dj \eh ^eki_d]
fhel_Z[hi je Z[l[bef h[j_h[c[dj l_bbW][i eh Yecckd_j_[i \ekdZ
el[hi[Wi/ +OkccWho N[fehj; 7/4,
P^[Ded]Ged]]el[hdc[dj ^Wi jWa[dkf Wd _dYh[Wi_d]bo i_]d_\_YWdj
heb[ _d j^[ fhel_i_ed e\ LND \eh ceij bem._dYec[ f[efb[ i_dY[ j^[
2:61i/ E\ ikY^ fhel_i_ed m[h[ je X[ m_j^ZhWmd eh h[ZkY[Z- j^[
f[efb[*i [nf[YjWj_ed \eh j^[ Yedj_dk[Z fhel_i_ed e\ fkXb_Y ^eki_d]
c_]^j \W_b je X[ c[j-feii_Xbo ]_l_d] h_i[ je Z_iYedj[dj/@[if_j[ j^[
^[Wlo \_dWdY_Wb WdZ WZc_d_ijhWj_l[ Yecc_jc[dj- j^[ ]el[hdc[dj
m_bb ^Wl[ je Yedj_dk[ je Yed\hedj j^[ Y^Wbb[d][ e\ c[[j_d] ikY^
^eki_d] d[[Zi _d j^[ d[Wh \kjkh[/ +OkccWho N[fehj; 8/2/3,
P^[h[ _i Wbie W *i[hl_Y[ ]Wf* _d j^[ ^eki_d] fhel_i_ed \eh [bZ[hbo
f[efb[ e\ bem.c_ZZb[ _dYec[/ P^[o cWo X[ j^[ ceij Z[fh_l[Z
]hekf e\ [bZ[hbo f[efb[ kdZ[h j^[ Ykhh[dj ^eki_d] feb_Y_[i/P^[o
cWo X[ jee *h_Y^* je X[ WbbeYWj[Z LND ed ed[ ^WdZ- Xkj jee *feeh*
je W\\ehZ Z[Y[dj fh_lWj[ WYYecceZWj_ed m_j^_d j^[_h emd c[Wdi
ed j^[ ej^[h/ Ej _i dej [Wio \eh j^[c je b_gk_Z_p[ j^[_h \_n[Z Wii[j-
_/[/ j^[ feeh.gkWb_jo fhef[hjo m^[h[ j^[o b_l[/P^[i[ Wh[ Yeccedbo
YWbb[Z j^[ *_dYec[ feeh- Wii[j h_Y^*25 [bZ[hbo f[efb[/ =YYehZ_d] je
fh[b_c_dWho [ij_cWj_ed-j^[h[ Wh[ Wj b[Wij 6-111 [bZ[hbo f[hiedi-m^ei[
^eki[^ebZ cedj^bo _dYec[ _i DG|3-111 eh b[ii- Ykhh[djbo b_l_d] _d
/gavG.X
m=bc_NnII?P7pKFHkGRKa
?5/gavZHhR_T<dT?EwYtsx
GA>C.A>JOj_@[IxXbx9G
RKah,~V,e805i
9a_Nns|c3;72ZeEv_[mH-:R
w^sr,baBg_hQk?c?G?aIT
s|mr.pLBgGavD_|1?Bg
avEDGqF[[mK_5J.[Nch~3a
0b_-uQGGG<ssupls1Xy_
s|~L_fI?rT_bJU-cG/gi?a
h,~V,e90304i
Ij_Q?6|Lw^sGULc__/gGav
^uVQmW9M2*aQ}jG/gs}y_
3?hR_@[6|Lw^sGULp4xfA
ObGmlamTI_dTGy~psg.:*
G-7=BgGyodhsmTI_dTp4wt
@BXM|D/GKr.WaudT?;swG
y~h~dTWD/}bGiiz0ioC|5x
Wl_6Ga@[x0ejw^s`Gy~k36G
ULanV,6LODGq@_}jCnjLa
7.222Wz5|OzYGKrii.Wh.c/
4/w.,}-{w|u++y-{y2u-x }224y2
X,@Ow4|3
25 P^_i _i W Yecced Z[iYh_fj_ed \eh j^ei[ m^e b_l[ _d j^[_h i[b\.emd[Z \bWji Xkj m_j^ deh[Ykhh[dj _dYec[/ P^[ Z[iYh_fj_ed _i XWi[Z ed j^[ Wiikcfj_ed j^Wj Wii[j YWd X[ _d j^[\ehc e\ ^eki_d]/Dem[l[h- j^[h[ Wh[ iec[ fheXb[ci m_j^ j^_i Wiikcfj_ed/ B_hij- j^[h[ cWoedbo X[ \WY[ lWbk[ hWj^[h j^Wd cWha[j lWbk[ \eh fhef[hj_[i m^_Y^ Wh[ ebZ WdZ Z_bWf_ZWj[Z/O[YedZ- j^[ ^ec[.emd[hi cWo dej ^Wl[ j^[ mWo je ][d[hWj[ _dYec[ \hec j^[i[ i[b\.b_l[Z fh[c_i[i- WdZ ie ^eki_d] _i edbo W \_n[Z Wii[j/ P^_hZ- j^[ ie.YWbb[Z ^eki_d] m[Wbj^cWo X[ W YedijhW_dj je emd[h _\ j^[o mWdj je Wffbo \eh c[Wd.j[ij[Z ikXi_Zo \hec]el[hdc[dj/ J[l[hj^[b[ii- j^[ OjkZo WZefji j^_i Yecced kiW][ \eh j^[ iWa[ e\ [Wioh[\[h[dY[/
@BBDABD?C36 @A^x4c7_W[oQiiE\@_hIah^-^sGr,a@
7_6xiW5mWI;_[x/gxy~GmHAauh_@WI;xa=RKGa-m_@[m*GB.p4taPInQ_aIa|UnQa-q_65@[\`I@cioGE\z4m^s_Nc_dTGz0tpv-swGy~a-x_c\`7=W[ijnhyFA@{Gd|j_0eG/g<W.:[\-mPB__fj\`t@]naWGO{apx_-p[5|s_,6L][B4@W_@a
N4
AED@ CED@ AEIGBD@ GE>B?HJ Nn/gl[
FSKPORU TORN >NQOLM
XX XY
w>7BB;D=;I ED |EKI?D= /HEL?I?ED
Ded]Ged]^WiX[[d \WY_d] j^[ jefe]hWf^_YWb WdZ ifWj_Wb YedijhW_dji/
P^[i[ ^Wl[ fei[Z W \ehc_ZWXb[ Y^Wbb[d][ eh YedijhW_dj \eh ^eki_d]
fhel_Z[hi je Z[l[bef h[j_h[c[dj l_bbW][i eh Yecckd_j_[i \ekdZ
el[hi[Wi/ +OkccWho N[fehj; 7/4,
P^[Ded]Ged]]el[hdc[dj ^Wi jWa[dkf Wd _dYh[Wi_d]bo i_]d_\_YWdj
heb[ _d j^[ fhel_i_ed e\ LND \eh ceij bem._dYec[ f[efb[ i_dY[ j^[
2:61i/ E\ ikY^ fhel_i_ed m[h[ je X[ m_j^ZhWmd eh h[ZkY[Z- j^[
f[efb[*i [nf[YjWj_ed \eh j^[ Yedj_dk[Z fhel_i_ed e\ fkXb_Y ^eki_d]
c_]^j \W_b je X[ c[j-feii_Xbo ]_l_d] h_i[ je Z_iYedj[dj/@[if_j[ j^[
^[Wlo \_dWdY_Wb WdZ WZc_d_ijhWj_l[ Yecc_jc[dj- j^[ ]el[hdc[dj
m_bb ^Wl[ je Yedj_dk[ je Yed\hedj j^[ Y^Wbb[d][ e\ c[[j_d] ikY^
^eki_d] d[[Zi _d j^[ d[Wh \kjkh[/ +OkccWho N[fehj; 8/2/3,
P^[h[ _i Wbie W *i[hl_Y[ ]Wf* _d j^[ ^eki_d] fhel_i_ed \eh [bZ[hbo
f[efb[ e\ bem.c_ZZb[ _dYec[/ P^[o cWo X[ j^[ ceij Z[fh_l[Z
]hekf e\ [bZ[hbo f[efb[ kdZ[h j^[ Ykhh[dj ^eki_d] feb_Y_[i/P^[o
cWo X[ jee *h_Y^* je X[ WbbeYWj[Z LND ed ed[ ^WdZ- Xkj jee *feeh*
je W\\ehZ Z[Y[dj fh_lWj[ WYYecceZWj_ed m_j^_d j^[_h emd c[Wdi
ed j^[ ej^[h/ Ej _i dej [Wio \eh j^[c je b_gk_Z_p[ j^[_h \_n[Z Wii[j-
_/[/ j^[ feeh.gkWb_jo fhef[hjo m^[h[ j^[o b_l[/P^[i[ Wh[ Yeccedbo
YWbb[Z j^[ *_dYec[ feeh- Wii[j h_Y^*25 [bZ[hbo f[efb[/ =YYehZ_d] je
fh[b_c_dWho [ij_cWj_ed-j^[h[ Wh[ Wj b[Wij 6-111 [bZ[hbo f[hiedi-m^ei[
^eki[^ebZ cedj^bo _dYec[ _i DG|3-111 eh b[ii- Ykhh[djbo b_l_d] _d
/gavG.X
m=bc_NnII?P7pKFHkGRKa
?5/gavZHhR_T<dT?EwYtsx
GA>C.A>JOj_@[IxXbx9G
RKah,~V,e805i
9a_Nns|c3;72ZeEv_[mH-:R
w^sr,baBg_hQk?c?G?aIT
s|mr.pLBgGavD_|1?Bg
avEDGqF[[mK_5J.[Nch~3a
0b_-uQGGG<ssupls1Xy_
s|~L_fI?rT_bJU-cG/gi?a
h,~V,e90304i
Ij_Q?6|Lw^sGULc__/gGav
^uVQmW9M2*aQ}jG/gs}y_
3?hR_@[6|Lw^sGULp4xfA
ObGmlamTI_dTGy~psg.:*
G-7=BgGyodhsmTI_dTp4wt
@BXM|D/GKr.WaudT?;swG
y~h~dTWD/}bGiiz0ioC|5x
Wl_6Ga@[x0ejw^s`Gy~k36G
ULanV,6LODGq@_}jCnjLa
7.222Wz5|OzYGKrii.Wh.c/
4/w.,}-{w|u++y-{y2u-x }224y2
X,@Ow4|3
25 P^_i _i W Yecced Z[iYh_fj_ed \eh j^ei[ m^e b_l[ _d j^[_h i[b\.emd[Z \bWji Xkj m_j^ deh[Ykhh[dj _dYec[/ P^[ Z[iYh_fj_ed _i XWi[Z ed j^[ Wiikcfj_ed j^Wj Wii[j YWd X[ _d j^[\ehc e\ ^eki_d]/Dem[l[h- j^[h[ Wh[ iec[ fheXb[ci m_j^ j^_i Wiikcfj_ed/ B_hij- j^[h[ cWoedbo X[ \WY[ lWbk[ hWj^[h j^Wd cWha[j lWbk[ \eh fhef[hj_[i m^_Y^ Wh[ ebZ WdZ Z_bWf_ZWj[Z/O[YedZ- j^[ ^ec[.emd[hi cWo dej ^Wl[ j^[ mWo je ][d[hWj[ _dYec[ \hec j^[i[ i[b\.b_l[Z fh[c_i[i- WdZ ie ^eki_d] _i edbo W \_n[Z Wii[j/ P^_hZ- j^[ ie.YWbb[Z ^eki_d] m[Wbj^cWo X[ W YedijhW_dj je emd[h _\ j^[o mWdj je Wffbo \eh c[Wd.j[ij[Z ikXi_Zo \hec]el[hdc[dj/ J[l[hj^[b[ii- j^[ OjkZo WZefji j^_i Yecced kiW][ \eh j^[ iWa[ e\ [Wioh[\[h[dY[/
@BBDABD?C36 @A^x4c7_W[oQiiE\@_hIah^-^sGr,a@
7_6xiW5mWI;_[x/gxy~GmHAauh_@WI;xa=RKGa-m_@[m*GB.p4taPInQ_aIa|UnQa-q_65@[\`I@cioGE\z4m^s_Nc_dTGz0tpv-swGy~a-x_c\`7=W[ijnhyFA@{Gd|j_0eG/g<W.:[\-mPB__fj\`t@]naWGO{apx_-p[5|s_,6L][B4@W_@a
N4
AED@ CED@ AEIGBD@ GE>B?HJ Nn/gl[
FSKPORU TORN >NQOLM AED@ CED@ AEIGBD@ GE>B?HJ Nn/gl[
XZ X[
w>7BB;D=;I ED 2E9?7B 2;9KH?JO 7D: 1;J?H;C;DJ/HEJ;9J?ED
?khh[djbo- 28} e\ j^[ [bZ[hbo fefkbWj_ed +eh 287-54: f[efb[, b_l[
ed ?OO= +Wi Wj O[fj[cX[h 3114, +OS@-KYjeX[h 3114,/ Ed j^[ d[Wh
\kjkh[-j^[ hWj[cWo X[ ^_]^[h X[YWki[ e\ ]hWZkWb _dYec[ _d[gkWb_jo
eXi[hl[Z _d dej o[j [bZ[hbo ^eki[^ebZi _d j^[ fWij jme Z[YWZ[i/
+OkccWho N[fehj 8/3/2,
P^[ fh[i[dj OjkZo \ekdZ j^Wj ceh[ j^Wd ed[.j^_hZ e\ j^[ ieed.
je.X[.ebZ j^ek]^j j^Wj j^[o YekbZ h[bo ieb[bo ed j^[_h Y^_bZh[d Wi
j^[o WffheWY^[Z h[j_h[c[dj/ Dem[l[h- edbo 4} e\ j^[ Ykhh[dj
[bZ[hbo WYjkWbbo Ze ie27/ E\ j^[i[ Yec_d] [bZ[hbo Ye^ehji +eh j^[
ieed.je.X[.ebZ, Ze dej ^Wl[ fbWdi ej^[h j^Wd j^_i c_iWffhefh_Wj[
[nf[YjWj_ed- j^[o cWo \_dWbbo \Wbb _dje j^[ iW\[jo d[j fhel_Z[Z Xo
j^[ ]el[hdc[dj- j^Wj _i- Ykhh[djbo j^[ ?OO= WdZ JK== 0DK==/
+OkccWho N[fehj; 8/3/2,
Ed WZZ_j_ed-j^[ [n_ij_d] h[j_h[c[dj fhej[Yj_edcWo dej X[ ik\\_Y_[dj/
P^[ ILB _i j^[ \_hij h[j_h[c[dj fhej[Yj_ed iY^[c[ \eh j^[ beYWb
meha_d] fefkbWj_ed/Dem[l[h- j^ei[ m^e Wh[ dem W][Z X[jm[[d
56 WdZ 6: cWo dej X[d[\_j ckY^ \hec j^[ ILB m^[d j^[o h[j_h[
Zk[ je j^[_h i^ehj Yedjh_Xkjeho f[h_eZ/ Bkhj^[hceh[- Wd WYjkWh_Wb
WdWboi_i i^em[Z j^Wj j^[ ILB *m_bb fhel_Z[ edbo W c_d_ckc \beeh
_dYec[ je h[j_h[[i* _\ Yedjh_Xkj_ed cWZ[ je j^[ ILB _i Wj j^[
c_d_ckc Wcekdj28/ +OkccWho N[fehj; 8/3/3,
J[\gpA>\gTI
Dj4225Z;V-Y_a39,GULr*h~398.
65;riiRLUd3,hyic`eJj_4225Z
32Viapx_65Q-oqvZ@_ZUL^d
G^sbAU}[G_Q5{G]c_zDG[{
p4[AGah,~V,e90403i
sx_,6Lw}9axAmG6Zr,^-dT
pSL/.aM_v-A>\gdu}=ata
5,GULpbTc38aT<@[-cGULr*
h~}jG6Zri_FpUaW5D=hGjsx
hIahdG@5_dTO3[Bss|0;wG
\gW@_~}jGjUdkpj3<Tkah,~V
,e90403i
EL_Nn}Q9Iam]2Y-GA>\g
@5aja]TkM-,PQNr*GMWA>
\g@5aux_W[}/5567j7;_Gr_
ap4N-halj-xh-4QA>jcja]
Tk6bjgCG\gaIj_nVmJTS
C>G6L_I;4\GalM-ja]TkOw
G?F_@4\QA>k0mOGja]Tk_|:
tUY-tA>r,baOwG^s\g39ah,~
V,e90404i
fh_lWj[ emd[h.eYYkf_[h \bWji _d ebZ khXWd Wh[Wi WdZm^ei[ fh[c_i[i
Wh[ W][Z el[h 41 WdZ Wh[ Z_bWf_ZWj[Z26/ E\ j^[h[ _i de Y^Wd][ _d
[n_ij_d] feb_Y_[i- j^[i[ [bZ[hbo f[efb[ cWo \Wbb _dje j^[ bem[h.
XhWYa[j edY[ j^[o ^Wl[ if[dj Wbb j^[_h iWl_d]i- WdZ _dje j^[ iW\[jo
d[j i[j Xo j^[ ]el[hdc[dj/ Ieh[el[h- Zec[ij_Y WYY_Z[dji WdZ
_d`kh_[ic_]^j ^Wff[d je j^[i[ [bZ[hbo f[efb[ _\ ikY^ feeh [nj[hdWb
WdZ _dj[hdWb b_l_d] YedZ_j_edi ^Wl[ dej X[[d m[bb WZZh[ii[Z/
EdYh[Wi_d] ki[ e\ fkXb_Y c[Z_YWb WdZ ^[Wbj^ i[hl_Y[i cWo j^ki
h[ikbj/ +OkccWho N[fehj; 8/2/4,
P^[ i_jkWj_ed X[Yec[i mehi[ Wbed] m_j^ j^[ dkcX[h e\ f[efb[
^ebZ_d] *d[]Wj_l[ [gk_jo* WdZ W feii_Xb[ feb_Yo ed cWdZWjeho
Xk_bZ_d]cW_dj[dWdY[/E\ j^[ bWjj[h ehZ_dWdY[ _i fWii[Z-cW_dj[dWdY[
cWo X[Yec[ W b_WX_b_jo \eh iec[ [bZ[hbo ^ec[emd[hi/ Beh j^[
\ehc[h- j^_i _i W h[ikbj e\ j^[ _dYh[Wi_d] ^ec[ emd[hi^_f hWj[ WdZ
j^[ [Yedec_Y i[jXWYa Xhek]^j WXekj Xo j^[ =i_Wd \_dWdY_Wb Yh_i_i
e\ 2::8/ =i W h[ikbj- W h[bWj_l[bo ^_]^[h fhefehj_ed e\ j^[ Yec_d]
Ye^ehji e\ [bZ[hbo f[efb[ +YecfWh[Z m_j^ j^[ Ykhh[dj [bZ[hbo
Ye^ehj, cWo ^Wl[ je \WY[ j^[i[ fheXb[ci _d j^[ d[Wh \kjkh[/ +OkccWho
N[fehj; 8/2/5,
xvZi@GUL_dTG^doPEV,^sM
-nAq~>.by37aT<}QGs}5o_
@[ULp4[Q3MhCH][k_o\w^s
r,_chqss|;wGYCW@acx_65
zo|:Ia@-_@[ULp4[a^zTx
pnN_Nhpjs|G}9MG`4Dah,~V
,e90305i
zDfA.[NBy~r}Gpj_bHs|p4
=uGak-gWXYs}h6_GdIT3WG
ubm+A-_gWXYp4[\-y[UL\`
GBXa?5_Lc__@x655>zFGii
z0[{_bH3;;9Z\~TaK*0E\G
hySAhE\a0b_3?58_GULhR_
]cp4[aAG[{GUL?I?@[RKa
h,~V,e90306i
26 P^[ [ij_cWj_ed _i XWi[Z ed j^[ \ebbem_d] YWbYkbWj_ed/=YYehZ_d] je Lhe\[iieh U[^*i +3113,[ij_cWj_ed- Wced] j^[ 45-977 [bZ[hbo f[efb[ b_l_d] _d emd[h.eYYkf_[h \bWji _d *Z[fh_l[Zd[_]^Xeh^eeZi*- WXekj 26} e\ j^[c +_/[/6-341, ^Wl[ cedj^bo ^eki[^ebZ _dYec[ X[bemDG|3-111 +i[YedZWho WdWboi[i e\ 3112 LefkbWj_ed ?[diki,/ *@[fh_l[Z d[_]^Xeh^eeZi*m[h[Z[\_d[Z Wi ebZ khXWd Wh[Wi m_j^ ^_]^ YedY[djhWj_ed e\ fh_lWj[ h[i_Z[dj_Wb \bWji- feeh b_l_d][dl_hedc[dj _dZ_YWj[Z Xo Xk_bZ_d] W][ el[h 41 WdZ l_ikWb WdWboi_i- WdZ [_]^j ieY_e.[Yedec_Y WdZ [dl_hedc[djWb YedZ_j_edi _dYbkZ_d] bem._dYec[-el[h.YhemZ[Zd[ii- feehb_l_d] YedZ_j_ed-^_]^ f[hY[djW][ e\ ebZ W][ fefkbWj_ed- bem [ZkYWj_ed WY^_[l[c[dj-d[m_cc_]hWdji m_j^ bWd]kW][ XWhh_[h- kd[cfbeoc[dj WdZ h[j_h[c[dj fefkbWj_ed/
@BBDABD?C37 @q@xbyDT@mShcGanVn7Yqnh4224Zi6L,n
j>5POkGmS_QYr 56.:88 nz5j>5POkiiE\GUL\`6_9a37,h~7.452riEVG^d,^sM-nAq~>.byhyic`e4223r*g{G}ayiC>iahj>5POkxnVyFGfAh/wGeG[hKroX.WGBO`.c/52Zppu>G_Gzo|:_bHtPJ[hyp|:FA_lqw^s`r*f[`_GGzo|:`G[bGULr*`wqNzh`a]R0eGZ,1`z\pA>r,ia
N4
38 @xb/@54223Z`K@{-49oV,GyivC>mSica
39 JJkh4224Z6Visxwa@ncv-A>\gGhq54225Z3 2V 7Uy~iWJ M X X U < 1 1 [[[ 0 M[ K G 0 L T Z 0 M P 1 I T[S Q T F I 1HTRRNXXJJW1JH12526521JERTVXLFLJEVJUTVX0UIKa
N428 P^_i _i XWi[Z ed W i[YedZWho WdWboi_i e\ j^[ ZWjW e\ j^[ P^[cWj_Y Deki[^ebZ Okhl[o
JkcX[h 38- ?[diki ~ OjWj_ij_Yi @[fWhjc[dj 3112/29 ?^Wd- S/ O/ +3113- =fh_b, Kl[hi[Wi* Anf[h_[dY[ _d @[l[bef_d] N[l[hi[ Iehj]W][ \eh
N[j_h[c[dj Lhej[Yj_ed/ N[jh_[l[Z ed KYjeX[h 6- 3114- \hec ^jjf;00mmm/^m\X/]el/^a0ZemdbeWZ0Yecc_jj[[i0[Y01415410[Vcehj]W][Vh[fehj/fZ\/
@BBDABD?C
FSKPORU TORN >NQOLM AED@ CED@ AEIGBD@ GE>B?HJ Nn/gl[
XZ X[
w>7BB;D=;I ED 2E9?7B 2;9KH?JO 7D: 1;J?H;C;DJ/HEJ;9J?ED
?khh[djbo- 28} e\ j^[ [bZ[hbo fefkbWj_ed +eh 287-54: f[efb[, b_l[
ed ?OO= +Wi Wj O[fj[cX[h 3114, +OS@-KYjeX[h 3114,/ Ed j^[ d[Wh
\kjkh[-j^[ hWj[cWo X[ ^_]^[h X[YWki[ e\ ]hWZkWb _dYec[ _d[gkWb_jo
eXi[hl[Z _d dej o[j [bZ[hbo ^eki[^ebZi _d j^[ fWij jme Z[YWZ[i/
+OkccWho N[fehj 8/3/2,
P^[ fh[i[dj OjkZo \ekdZ j^Wj ceh[ j^Wd ed[.j^_hZ e\ j^[ ieed.
je.X[.ebZ j^ek]^j j^Wj j^[o YekbZ h[bo ieb[bo ed j^[_h Y^_bZh[d Wi
j^[o WffheWY^[Z h[j_h[c[dj/ Dem[l[h- edbo 4} e\ j^[ Ykhh[dj
[bZ[hbo WYjkWbbo Ze ie27/ E\ j^[i[ Yec_d] [bZ[hbo Ye^ehji +eh j^[
ieed.je.X[.ebZ, Ze dej ^Wl[ fbWdi ej^[h j^Wd j^_i c_iWffhefh_Wj[
[nf[YjWj_ed- j^[o cWo \_dWbbo \Wbb _dje j^[ iW\[jo d[j fhel_Z[Z Xo
j^[ ]el[hdc[dj- j^Wj _i- Ykhh[djbo j^[ ?OO= WdZ JK== 0DK==/
+OkccWho N[fehj; 8/3/2,
Ed WZZ_j_ed-j^[ [n_ij_d] h[j_h[c[dj fhej[Yj_edcWo dej X[ ik\\_Y_[dj/
P^[ ILB _i j^[ \_hij h[j_h[c[dj fhej[Yj_ed iY^[c[ \eh j^[ beYWb
meha_d] fefkbWj_ed/Dem[l[h- j^ei[ m^e Wh[ dem W][Z X[jm[[d
56 WdZ 6: cWo dej X[d[\_j ckY^ \hec j^[ ILB m^[d j^[o h[j_h[
Zk[ je j^[_h i^ehj Yedjh_Xkjeho f[h_eZ/ Bkhj^[hceh[- Wd WYjkWh_Wb
WdWboi_i i^em[Z j^Wj j^[ ILB *m_bb fhel_Z[ edbo W c_d_ckc \beeh
_dYec[ je h[j_h[[i* _\ Yedjh_Xkj_ed cWZ[ je j^[ ILB _i Wj j^[
c_d_ckc Wcekdj28/ +OkccWho N[fehj; 8/3/3,
J[\gpA>\gTI
Dj4225Z;V-Y_a39,GULr*h~398.
65;riiRLUd3,hyic`eJj_4225Z
32Viapx_65Q-oqvZ@_ZUL^d
G^sbAU}[G_Q5{G]c_zDG[{
p4[AGah,~V,e90403i
sx_,6Lw}9axAmG6Zr,^-dT
pSL/.aM_v-A>\gdu}=ata
5,GULpbTc38aT<@[-cGULr*
h~}jG6Zri_FpUaW5D=hGjsx
hIahdG@5_dTO3[Bss|0;wG
\gW@_~}jGjUdkpj3<Tkah,~V
,e90403i
EL_Nn}Q9Iam]2Y-GA>\g
@5aja]TkM-,PQNr*GMWA>
\g@5aux_W[}/5567j7;_Gr_
ap4N-halj-xh-4QA>jcja]
Tk6bjgCG\gaIj_nVmJTS
C>G6L_I;4\GalM-ja]TkOw
G?F_@4\QA>k0mOGja]Tk_|:
tUY-tA>r,baOwG^s\g39ah,~
V,e90404i
fh_lWj[ emd[h.eYYkf_[h \bWji _d ebZ khXWd Wh[Wi WdZm^ei[ fh[c_i[i
Wh[ W][Z el[h 41 WdZ Wh[ Z_bWf_ZWj[Z26/ E\ j^[h[ _i de Y^Wd][ _d
[n_ij_d] feb_Y_[i- j^[i[ [bZ[hbo f[efb[ cWo \Wbb _dje j^[ bem[h.
XhWYa[j edY[ j^[o ^Wl[ if[dj Wbb j^[_h iWl_d]i- WdZ _dje j^[ iW\[jo
d[j i[j Xo j^[ ]el[hdc[dj/ Ieh[el[h- Zec[ij_Y WYY_Z[dji WdZ
_d`kh_[ic_]^j ^Wff[d je j^[i[ [bZ[hbo f[efb[ _\ ikY^ feeh [nj[hdWb
WdZ _dj[hdWb b_l_d] YedZ_j_edi ^Wl[ dej X[[d m[bb WZZh[ii[Z/
EdYh[Wi_d] ki[ e\ fkXb_Y c[Z_YWb WdZ ^[Wbj^ i[hl_Y[i cWo j^ki
h[ikbj/ +OkccWho N[fehj; 8/2/4,
P^[ i_jkWj_ed X[Yec[i mehi[ Wbed] m_j^ j^[ dkcX[h e\ f[efb[
^ebZ_d] *d[]Wj_l[ [gk_jo* WdZ W feii_Xb[ feb_Yo ed cWdZWjeho
Xk_bZ_d]cW_dj[dWdY[/E\ j^[ bWjj[h ehZ_dWdY[ _i fWii[Z-cW_dj[dWdY[
cWo X[Yec[ W b_WX_b_jo \eh iec[ [bZ[hbo ^ec[emd[hi/ Beh j^[
\ehc[h- j^_i _i W h[ikbj e\ j^[ _dYh[Wi_d] ^ec[ emd[hi^_f hWj[ WdZ
j^[ [Yedec_Y i[jXWYa Xhek]^j WXekj Xo j^[ =i_Wd \_dWdY_Wb Yh_i_i
e\ 2::8/ =i W h[ikbj- W h[bWj_l[bo ^_]^[h fhefehj_ed e\ j^[ Yec_d]
Ye^ehji e\ [bZ[hbo f[efb[ +YecfWh[Z m_j^ j^[ Ykhh[dj [bZ[hbo
Ye^ehj, cWo ^Wl[ je \WY[ j^[i[ fheXb[ci _d j^[ d[Wh \kjkh[/ +OkccWho
N[fehj; 8/2/5,
xvZi@GUL_dTG^doPEV,^sM
-nAq~>.by37aT<}QGs}5o_
@[ULp4[Q3MhCH][k_o\w^s
r,_chqss|;wGYCW@acx_65
zo|:Ia@-_@[ULp4[a^zTx
pnN_Nhpjs|G}9MG`4Dah,~V
,e90305i
zDfA.[NBy~r}Gpj_bHs|p4
=uGak-gWXYs}h6_GdIT3WG
ubm+A-_gWXYp4[\-y[UL\`
GBXa?5_Lc__@x655>zFGii
z0[{_bH3;;9Z\~TaK*0E\G
hySAhE\a0b_3?58_GULhR_
]cp4[aAG[{GUL?I?@[RKa
h,~V,e90306i
26 P^[ [ij_cWj_ed _i XWi[Z ed j^[ \ebbem_d] YWbYkbWj_ed/=YYehZ_d] je Lhe\[iieh U[^*i +3113,[ij_cWj_ed- Wced] j^[ 45-977 [bZ[hbo f[efb[ b_l_d] _d emd[h.eYYkf_[h \bWji _d *Z[fh_l[Zd[_]^Xeh^eeZi*- WXekj 26} e\ j^[c +_/[/6-341, ^Wl[ cedj^bo ^eki[^ebZ _dYec[ X[bemDG|3-111 +i[YedZWho WdWboi[i e\ 3112 LefkbWj_ed ?[diki,/ *@[fh_l[Z d[_]^Xeh^eeZi*m[h[Z[\_d[Z Wi ebZ khXWd Wh[Wi m_j^ ^_]^ YedY[djhWj_ed e\ fh_lWj[ h[i_Z[dj_Wb \bWji- feeh b_l_d][dl_hedc[dj _dZ_YWj[Z Xo Xk_bZ_d] W][ el[h 41 WdZ l_ikWb WdWboi_i- WdZ [_]^j ieY_e.[Yedec_Y WdZ [dl_hedc[djWb YedZ_j_edi _dYbkZ_d] bem._dYec[-el[h.YhemZ[Zd[ii- feehb_l_d] YedZ_j_ed-^_]^ f[hY[djW][ e\ ebZ W][ fefkbWj_ed- bem [ZkYWj_ed WY^_[l[c[dj-d[m_cc_]hWdji m_j^ bWd]kW][ XWhh_[h- kd[cfbeoc[dj WdZ h[j_h[c[dj fefkbWj_ed/
@BBDABD?C37 @q@xbyDT@mShcGanVn7Yqnh4224Zi6L,n
j>5POkGmS_QYr 56.:88 nz5j>5POkiiE\GUL\`6_9a37,h~7.452riEVG^d,^sM-nAq~>.byhyic`e4223r*g{G}ayiC>iahj>5POkxnVyFGfAh/wGeG[hKroX.WGBO`.c/52Zppu>G_Gzo|:_bHtPJ[hyp|:FA_lqw^s`r*f[`_GGzo|:`G[bGULr*`wqNzh`a]R0eGZ,1`z\pA>r,ia
N4
38 @xb/@54223Z`K@{-49oV,GyivC>mSica
39 JJkh4224Z6Visxwa@ncv-A>\gGhq54225Z3 2V 7Uy~iWJ M X X U < 1 1 [[[ 0 M[ K G 0 L T Z 0 M P 1 I T[S Q T F I 1HTRRNXXJJW1JH12526521JERTVXLFLJEVJUTVX0UIKa
N428 P^_i _i XWi[Z ed W i[YedZWho WdWboi_i e\ j^[ ZWjW e\ j^[ P^[cWj_Y Deki[^ebZ Okhl[o
JkcX[h 38- ?[diki ~ OjWj_ij_Yi @[fWhjc[dj 3112/29 ?^Wd- S/ O/ +3113- =fh_b, Kl[hi[Wi* Anf[h_[dY[ _d @[l[bef_d] N[l[hi[ Iehj]W][ \eh
N[j_h[c[dj Lhej[Yj_ed/ N[jh_[l[Z ed KYjeX[h 6- 3114- \hec ^jjf;00mmm/^m\X/]el/^a0ZemdbeWZ0Yecc_jj[[i0[Y01415410[Vcehj]W][Vh[fehj/fZ\/
@BBDABD?C
FSKPORU TORN >NQOLM
X\ X]
w>7BB;D=;I ?D yDIKH?D= J>; 2E9?7B5;BBg8;?D=E< J>; yB:;HBO
An_ij_d] ^eki_d] kd_ji _d Xej^ j^[ fh_lWj[ WdZ fkXb_Y i[Yjehi Wh[
dej Z[i_]d[Z je c[[j j^[ Y^Wd]_d] d[[Zi e\ j^[ eYYkfWdji Wi
j^[o W][/=i ikY^- _j _i Wbceij _cfeii_Xb[ je WYjkWb_p[ j^[ YedY[fj
e\ *W][_d] _d fbWY[*/ P^_i fheXb[c m_bb mehi[d m^[d j^[h[ _i Wd
W][_d] fefkbWj_ed/ +OkccWho N[fehj; 8/5/2,
>[i_Z[i- Wi j^[ dkYb[Wh_pWj_ed eh ifb_jj_d] kf e\ \Wc_b_[i ^Wi X[[d
Wd _d[l_jWXb[ jh[dZ- _d \kjkh[- j^_i m_bb b[WZ je Wd _dYh[Wi_d] d[[Z
\eh Yecckd_jo ikffehj i[hl_Y[i/ +OkccWho N[fehj; 8/5/3,
Ed WZZ_j_ed- j^[h[ _i W *i[hl_Y[ ]Wf* _d j^[ fhel_i_ed e\ Yecckd_jo
ikffehj i[hl_Y[i \eh j^[ [bZ[hbo e\ c_ZZb[. WdZ ^_]^._dYec[/>[_d]
j^[ cW`eh i[hl_Y[ fhel_Z[hi e\ Yecckd_jo ikffehj i[hl_Y[i-JCKi
Wh[ kikWbbo beYWj[Z _d Z_ijh_Yji _d m^_Y^ ceij [bZ[hbo f[efb[ Wh[
YedY[djhWj[Z/P^[ [Wio ][e]hWf^_YWb WYY[ii_X_b_jo \eh ceij [bZ[hbo
f[efb[ +fWhj_YkbWhbo j^[ bem._dYec[ [bZ[hbo, cWo dej d[Y[iiWh_bo
X[ Wffb_YWXb[ je j^ei[ c_ZZb[. WdZ ^_]^._dYec[ [bZ[hbo f[efb[/
S_j^ekj Wdo if[Y_\_Y feb_Yo jWh][j[Z je ^[bf j^_i bWjj[h ]hekf- j^[_h
d[[Zi \eh Yecckd_jo ikffehj i[hl_Y[i Wh[ [Wi_bo el[hbeea[Z/
S^Wj cWa[i j^[ i_jkWj_ed mehi[ _i j^[ kdWlW_bWX_b_jo e\ fh_lWj[
Yecckd_jo ikffehj i[hl_Y[i/ =i ikY^- m^_b[ [bZ[hbo f[efb[ e\
j^ei[ c_ZZb[. WdZ ^_]^._dYec[ ]hekfi cWo ij_bb X[ WXb[ je W\\ehZ
gkWb_jo ^eki_d]- j^[o Wh[ dej i[hl[Z Xo j^[ Yehh[ifedZ_d] gkWb_jo
Yecckd_jo YWh[ WdZ ikffehj i[hl_Y[i [l[d m^[d j^[o ^Wl[ j^[
WX_b_jo je Xko j^[i[ i[hl_Y[i/ QdZ[h j^[ fh_dY_fb[ e\ *Y^e_Y[*- j^[
d[[Z \eh Yecckd_jo ikffehj i[hl_Y[i \eh j^[i[ i[d_eh Y_j_p[di
i^ekbZ dej X[ _]deh[Z X[YWki[ j^[o Wh[ h[bWj_l[bo X[jj[h.e\\/
Edij[WZ-j^[ a[o gk[ij_ed i^ekbZ X[ ^em je [dYekhW][ WdZ \WY_b_jWj[
ded.]el[hdc[dj i[hl_Y[ fhel_Z[hi je fhel_Z[ ikffehj i[hl_Y[i
je j^[i[ ceh[ m[Wbj^o [bZ[hbo f[efb[ kdZ[h W h[WiedWXb[ *ki[h
fWo* c[Y^Wd_ic/ +OkccWho N[fehj; 8/5/4,
QXoULVOK`TI
QKzpBzG/gTI_}QG;@0-4JU
jofl0fEh5>FoGi?aNc_9Tt
@=Fj[zYfka@RK][l0r*fcEh
U}[Gah,~V,e90603i
Fc7x_^dlOE3\-}Qp]cG6O_
^dRdGpL_.L][S;JORd9MG
iF5>pjah,~V,e90604i
Ij_QJORd9Mz_\-6z^sULh
;G9MVQ02*av-baJORd9MG
`?ZH_Zs|ZHA^QULYzGOV@
;:aWG9MSna?5-R}GULhMhx
w^sGULic__@[9MSnGniyS
T[ . u?5W[6z^sGUL`-~Mua
QIa@pwzGs}cu|@[ULGfAy_
dT?5JORd9MGiFA^[7+*afA
A.L_Kr|Uzn,IaJORd9M@P
QbaNc_@[6z^sGUL.:a4u5<
gGD/G.W_at@{b3vGJOh|
pRd9MaQjpiW-kG[`y_@[6z
^sGUL?JORd9MGiF_*5vN-
dTGhyFA}_h7+3a3I_9T~Ls
HGRKxvtTp3rHl|Zs|G9MZH_
-ahy4uGULba4LiBGJORd9Ma
h,~V,e90605i
w>7BB;D=;I ED |;7BJ> w7H; /HEL?I?ED
=i Y^hed_Y Z_i[Wi[i Wh[ YkckbWj_l[ _d dWjkh[-ceij e\ j^[ ^[Wbj^
fheXb[ci eYYkhh[Z _d ebZ W][ Wh[ cWd_\[ijWj_edi e\ bed].ijWdZ_d]
f^oi_ebe]_YWb fheXb[ci/P^[o cWo X[ j^[ ekjYec[i e\ kd^[Wbj^o
b_\[ ijob[i fhWYj_Y[Z Zkh_d] m^_b[ oekd] eh _d c_ZZb[ WZkbj^eeZ/
=i ikY^- j^[ ]el[hdc[dj YekbZ jWh][j ^[Wbj^ [ZkYWj_ed W_c[Z Wj
j^[ fefkbWj_ed Wj bWh][- _dij[WZ e\ YWcfW_]di Yed\_d[Z edbo je
j^[ [bZ[hbo/ =bj^ek]^ j^[ ]el[hdc[dj m_bb _dYbkZ[ j^[ ieed.je.
X[.ebZ _d j^[ fhecej_ed e\ ^[Wbj^o W][_d]- m_j^ j^[ ^[bf e\ j^[
AbZ[hbo ?ecc_ii_ed- j^[h[ _i ij_bb W bed] mWo je i[[ j^[ h[ikbj Wi
j^[ fhWYj_Y[ e\ ^[Wbj^o b_l_d] ^Wi dej X[[d fh[l_ekibo m[bb
Z[l[bef[Z/ +OkccWho N[fehj; 8/4/2,
LheXb[ci Wbie Wh_i[ \ebbem_d] j^[ ikXijWdj_Wb heb[ jWa[d kf Xo j^[
fkXb_Y i[Yjeh _d ^[Wbj^ YWh[ fhel_i_ed/ O_dY[ j^[ \ekdZWj_ed e\ j^[
Deif_jWb =kj^eh_jo- j^[ fkXb_Y ^[Wbj^ YWh[ i[Yjeh ^Wi Zec_dWj[Z
j^[ fhel_i_ed e\ ^[Wbj^ YWh[ i[hl_Y[i _d Ded] Ged]/P^_i ^Wi Xhek]^j
m_j^ _j \_dWdY_Wb _cfb_YWj_edi \eh j^[ Deif_jWb =kj^eh_jo/=j j^[ iWc[
j_c[- j^[ fh_lWj[ i[Yjeh- cW_dbo fh_lWj[ ^eif_jWbi- ^Wi Wbie X[[d
WZl[hi[bo W\\[Yj[Z/P^_i ^Wi h[ikbj[Z _d Wd _cXWbWdY[ X[jm[[d j^[
fkXb_Y WdZ fh_lWj[ i[Yjehi _d j^[ fhel_i_ed e\ ^[Wbj^ YWh[ i[hl_Y[i/
+OkccWho N[fehj; 8/4/3,
Gh9MTI
65C-z{Gw{xU]V2G_:RQfZ
H|i}GK`RK_h=IxNJPUj-G3
|RKhE\Ga@[RKp4xN-rTQYZ
.6Zjj5K`G3,T[0S;GaNc_
s|QmlK`qNj_5v;s=t4QULV
z_AvmwjCn|1a<us|QYfZMu
\[Gl|y_][;6ZrFshj`K/o
Zkmw@57@dpx_@[,NQb_Iab
jOSGwaZ[_9Tt@QxjF@4jh
\hah,~V,e90503i
hb_BzG}zHQbaGh9Mz>I3
cG?GQk_|-9T_c:RRKaicGE
R|3\:bc_BzGhHAQNnGYr
GhjV6_DKPsVp`SGPnapg_
@|-GER|3_cpGGG<sBXdIj_
KzGh9Mh`?xK^GEi5>P2*_
chS;BzpKzGh9M7FGzb}8a
h,~V,e90504i
AED@ CED@ AEIGBD@ GE>B?HJ Nn/gl[
FSKPORU TORN >NQOLM
X\ X]
w>7BB;D=;I ?D yDIKH?D= J>; 2E9?7B5;BBg8;?D=E< J>; yB:;HBO
An_ij_d] ^eki_d] kd_ji _d Xej^ j^[ fh_lWj[ WdZ fkXb_Y i[Yjehi Wh[
dej Z[i_]d[Z je c[[j j^[ Y^Wd]_d] d[[Zi e\ j^[ eYYkfWdji Wi
j^[o W][/=i ikY^- _j _i Wbceij _cfeii_Xb[ je WYjkWb_p[ j^[ YedY[fj
e\ *W][_d] _d fbWY[*/ P^_i fheXb[c m_bb mehi[d m^[d j^[h[ _i Wd
W][_d] fefkbWj_ed/ +OkccWho N[fehj; 8/5/2,
>[i_Z[i- Wi j^[ dkYb[Wh_pWj_ed eh ifb_jj_d] kf e\ \Wc_b_[i ^Wi X[[d
Wd _d[l_jWXb[ jh[dZ- _d \kjkh[- j^_i m_bb b[WZ je Wd _dYh[Wi_d] d[[Z
\eh Yecckd_jo ikffehj i[hl_Y[i/ +OkccWho N[fehj; 8/5/3,
Ed WZZ_j_ed- j^[h[ _i W *i[hl_Y[ ]Wf* _d j^[ fhel_i_ed e\ Yecckd_jo
ikffehj i[hl_Y[i \eh j^[ [bZ[hbo e\ c_ZZb[. WdZ ^_]^._dYec[/>[_d]
j^[ cW`eh i[hl_Y[ fhel_Z[hi e\ Yecckd_jo ikffehj i[hl_Y[i-JCKi
Wh[ kikWbbo beYWj[Z _d Z_ijh_Yji _d m^_Y^ ceij [bZ[hbo f[efb[ Wh[
YedY[djhWj[Z/P^[ [Wio ][e]hWf^_YWb WYY[ii_X_b_jo \eh ceij [bZ[hbo
f[efb[ +fWhj_YkbWhbo j^[ bem._dYec[ [bZ[hbo, cWo dej d[Y[iiWh_bo
X[ Wffb_YWXb[ je j^ei[ c_ZZb[. WdZ ^_]^._dYec[ [bZ[hbo f[efb[/
S_j^ekj Wdo if[Y_\_Y feb_Yo jWh][j[Z je ^[bf j^_i bWjj[h ]hekf- j^[_h
d[[Zi \eh Yecckd_jo ikffehj i[hl_Y[i Wh[ [Wi_bo el[hbeea[Z/
S^Wj cWa[i j^[ i_jkWj_ed mehi[ _i j^[ kdWlW_bWX_b_jo e\ fh_lWj[
Yecckd_jo ikffehj i[hl_Y[i/ =i ikY^- m^_b[ [bZ[hbo f[efb[ e\
j^ei[ c_ZZb[. WdZ ^_]^._dYec[ ]hekfi cWo ij_bb X[ WXb[ je W\\ehZ
gkWb_jo ^eki_d]- j^[o Wh[ dej i[hl[Z Xo j^[ Yehh[ifedZ_d] gkWb_jo
Yecckd_jo YWh[ WdZ ikffehj i[hl_Y[i [l[d m^[d j^[o ^Wl[ j^[
WX_b_jo je Xko j^[i[ i[hl_Y[i/ QdZ[h j^[ fh_dY_fb[ e\ *Y^e_Y[*- j^[
d[[Z \eh Yecckd_jo ikffehj i[hl_Y[i \eh j^[i[ i[d_eh Y_j_p[di
i^ekbZ dej X[ _]deh[Z X[YWki[ j^[o Wh[ h[bWj_l[bo X[jj[h.e\\/
Edij[WZ-j^[ a[o gk[ij_ed i^ekbZ X[ ^em je [dYekhW][ WdZ \WY_b_jWj[
ded.]el[hdc[dj i[hl_Y[ fhel_Z[hi je fhel_Z[ ikffehj i[hl_Y[i
je j^[i[ ceh[ m[Wbj^o [bZ[hbo f[efb[ kdZ[h W h[WiedWXb[ *ki[h
fWo* c[Y^Wd_ic/ +OkccWho N[fehj; 8/5/4,
QXoULVOK`TI
QKzpBzG/gTI_}QG;@0-4JU
jofl0fEh5>FoGi?aNc_9Tt
@=Fj[zYfka@RK][l0r*fcEh
U}[Gah,~V,e90603i
Fc7x_^dlOE3\-}Qp]cG6O_
^dRdGpL_.L][S;JORd9MG
iF5>pjah,~V,e90604i
Ij_QJORd9Mz_\-6z^sULh
;G9MVQ02*av-baJORd9MG
`?ZH_Zs|ZHA^QULYzGOV@
;:aWG9MSna?5-R}GULhMhx
w^sGULic__@[9MSnGniyS
T[ . u?5W[6z^sGUL`-~Mua
QIa@pwzGs}cu|@[ULGfAy_
dT?5JORd9MGiFA^[7+*afA
A.L_Kr|Uzn,IaJORd9M@P
QbaNc_@[6z^sGUL.:a4u5<
gGD/G.W_at@{b3vGJOh|
pRd9MaQjpiW-kG[`y_@[6z
^sGUL?JORd9MGiF_*5vN-
dTGhyFA}_h7+3a3I_9T~Ls
HGRKxvtTp3rHl|Zs|G9MZH_
-ahy4uGULba4LiBGJORd9Ma
h,~V,e90605i
w>7BB;D=;I ED |;7BJ> w7H; /HEL?I?ED
=i Y^hed_Y Z_i[Wi[i Wh[ YkckbWj_l[ _d dWjkh[-ceij e\ j^[ ^[Wbj^
fheXb[ci eYYkhh[Z _d ebZ W][ Wh[ cWd_\[ijWj_edi e\ bed].ijWdZ_d]
f^oi_ebe]_YWb fheXb[ci/P^[o cWo X[ j^[ ekjYec[i e\ kd^[Wbj^o
b_\[ ijob[i fhWYj_Y[Z Zkh_d] m^_b[ oekd] eh _d c_ZZb[ WZkbj^eeZ/
=i ikY^- j^[ ]el[hdc[dj YekbZ jWh][j ^[Wbj^ [ZkYWj_ed W_c[Z Wj
j^[ fefkbWj_ed Wj bWh][- _dij[WZ e\ YWcfW_]di Yed\_d[Z edbo je
j^[ [bZ[hbo/ =bj^ek]^ j^[ ]el[hdc[dj m_bb _dYbkZ[ j^[ ieed.je.
X[.ebZ _d j^[ fhecej_ed e\ ^[Wbj^o W][_d]- m_j^ j^[ ^[bf e\ j^[
AbZ[hbo ?ecc_ii_ed- j^[h[ _i ij_bb W bed] mWo je i[[ j^[ h[ikbj Wi
j^[ fhWYj_Y[ e\ ^[Wbj^o b_l_d] ^Wi dej X[[d fh[l_ekibo m[bb
Z[l[bef[Z/ +OkccWho N[fehj; 8/4/2,
LheXb[ci Wbie Wh_i[ \ebbem_d] j^[ ikXijWdj_Wb heb[ jWa[d kf Xo j^[
fkXb_Y i[Yjeh _d ^[Wbj^ YWh[ fhel_i_ed/ O_dY[ j^[ \ekdZWj_ed e\ j^[
Deif_jWb =kj^eh_jo- j^[ fkXb_Y ^[Wbj^ YWh[ i[Yjeh ^Wi Zec_dWj[Z
j^[ fhel_i_ed e\ ^[Wbj^ YWh[ i[hl_Y[i _d Ded] Ged]/P^_i ^Wi Xhek]^j
m_j^ _j \_dWdY_Wb _cfb_YWj_edi \eh j^[ Deif_jWb =kj^eh_jo/=j j^[ iWc[
j_c[- j^[ fh_lWj[ i[Yjeh- cW_dbo fh_lWj[ ^eif_jWbi- ^Wi Wbie X[[d
WZl[hi[bo W\\[Yj[Z/P^_i ^Wi h[ikbj[Z _d Wd _cXWbWdY[ X[jm[[d j^[
fkXb_Y WdZ fh_lWj[ i[Yjehi _d j^[ fhel_i_ed e\ ^[Wbj^ YWh[ i[hl_Y[i/
+OkccWho N[fehj; 8/4/3,
Gh9MTI
65C-z{Gw{xU]V2G_:RQfZ
H|i}GK`RK_h=IxNJPUj-G3
|RKhE\Ga@[RKp4xN-rTQYZ
.6Zjj5K`G3,T[0S;GaNc_
s|QmlK`qNj_5v;s=t4QULV
z_AvmwjCn|1a<us|QYfZMu
\[Gl|y_][;6ZrFshj`K/o
Zkmw@57@dpx_@[,NQb_Iab
jOSGwaZ[_9Tt@QxjF@4jh
\hah,~V,e90503i
hb_BzG}zHQbaGh9Mz>I3
cG?GQk_|-9T_c:RRKaicGE
R|3\:bc_BzGhHAQNnGYr
GhjV6_DKPsVp`SGPnapg_
@|-GER|3_cpGGG<sBXdIj_
KzGh9Mh`?xK^GEi5>P2*_
chS;BzpKzGh9M7FGzb}8a
h,~V,e90504i
AED@ CED@ AEIGBD@ GE>B?HJ Nn/gl[
FSKPORU TORN >NQOLM
X^ X_
[\\[Yji e\ [n_ij_d] feb_Y_[i j^Wj i[]h[]Wj[ Yecckd_jo b_l_d] WdZ
N?DAi b_l_d] Wi jme ckjkWbbo [nYbki_l[ ceZ[i/Dem[l[h-m_j^ j^[
_cfb[c[djWj_ed e\ OjWdZWhZ_p[Z ?Wh[ J[[Z =ii[iic[dj
I[Y^Wd_ic \eh AbZ[hbo O[hl_Y[i WdZ j^[ ?[djhWb SW_j_d] H_ij \eh
OkXi_Z_p[Z Hed] P[hc ?Wh[ O[hl_Y[i- ][dk_d[ d[[Z \eh h[i_Z[dj_Wb
YWh[ i[hl_Y[i m_bb X[ _Z[dj_\_[Z WdZ c[j ed j^[ ed[ ^WdZ- WdZ
jW_beh.cWZ[ Yecckd_jo ikffehj i[hl_Y[i mekbZ X[ [dikh[Z \eh
j^ei[ m^e d[[Z ikffehj je b_l[ _d j^[ Yecckd_jo ed j^[ ej^[h/
=i ikY^- [bZ[hbo f[efb[ m_j^ Z_\\[h[dj a_dZi e\ d[[Zi mekbZ X[
YWj[h[Z \eh- WdZ j^[ mW_j_d] j_c[ \eh h[i_Z[dj_Wb YWh[ i[hl_Y[i YekbZ
X[ i^ehj[d[Z/ Bkhj^[hceh[- kdZ[h j^_i d[m c[Y^Wd_ic- [bZ[hbo
f[efb[ m^e d[[Z j[cfehWho h[i_Z[dj_Wb YWh[ i[hl_Y[i YekbZ b_l[
_d N?DAi \eh iec[ j_c[- j^[o YekbZ j^[d h[jkhd je Yecckd_jo
b_l_d] edY[ j^[_h \hW_bjo ^Wi b[ii[d[Z/ OkY^ fhWYj_Y[i [dWXb[ W
ceh[ \b[n_Xb[ Yedj_dkkc X[jm[[d Yecckd_jo ikffehj WdZ
h[i_Z[dj_Wb YWh[ i[hl_Y[i- WdZ WYjkWb_p[ j^[ YedY[fj e\ *W][_d]
_d fbWY[*/ +OkccWho N[fehj; 8/7,
Ed fbWdd_d] \eh j^[ fhel_i_ed e\ *^eki_d] m_j^ YWh[* \eh j^[ [bZ[hbo
_d j^[ Yec_d] o[Whi- j^[ WXel[ Y^Wbb[d][i ^Wl[ je X[ i[h_ekibo
Yedi_Z[h[Z/Dem[l[h-dej Wbb Y^Wbb[d][i YWd X[ jWYab[Z _d j^[ i^ehj
j[hc/Beh _dijWdY[- ieY_Wb i[Ykh_jo- h[j_h[c[dj fhej[Yj_ed WdZ ^[Wbj^
YWh[ ioij[ci- m^_Y^ Wh[ e\ YhkY_Wb _cfehjWdY[ _d W\\[Yj_d] j^[
i[d_eh Y_j_p[di* W\\ehZWX_b_jo _d ^[Wbj^ YWh[ i[hl_Y[i WdZ j^[dY[
^eki_d]- d[Y[ii_jWj[ j^[ ]el[hdc[dj*i [dehceki [\\ehji WdZ
h[iekhY[i _\ Y^Wd][i Wh[ je X[ _djheZkY[Z/ Ej Wbie jWa[i j_c[ je
[\\[YjkWj[ Wdo ikXijWdj_l[ Y^Wd][/ +OkccWho N[fehj; 8/7,
3,pYfEM3,5C\fWDu5IG3,
T[0S;GUjk<aux_l0s|`4
jYf9M/m5qZkkpjEM9M6yGX
LSk_9TpbmTI-~/ai?YfEM9M
GUL5qHYpaW9M_smTIwpb-
^zGULhVAEHDGJORd9Ma@+_
[pbJUjULJP5IGi?_Ypb*x
GXYfEM9MGjFacx_Q@ZZky_
W[i?1j.xjoZbk9MGULwp~j
soYf9MEM_HjdTGK`fA@-_
[pO^3,a@P*vT[5\pbAjt,
P*4JORdpYfEM9M_9p=Fj[z
YfkG^,ah,~V,e908i
c9T-UL}5]cGjWk[/gkj_9T
~L^~Pg{zDGrTa<uTc_Y5x
0aGrTIpbQxj@Q}hsGabT
J[\gkh`A>\g@5pGhM/_@[
IxHjyjULQGh9Moj5ogTIG
1X4ua0b_IT9T?@o}FGx_s|
~L?s-DGTupy`4p\ZaA__@p
G-G@o_Ii?IbjU_TpPj\ha
h,~V,e908ia
3>;-;;: <EH 0K7B?JO 1;I?:;DJ?7Bw7H; 2;HL?9;I<EH J>; yB:;HBO
=j fh[i[dj- j^[ h[i_Z[dj_Wb YWh[ i[hl_Y[i \eh j^[ [bZ[hbo YWj[h \eh
f[efb[ m_j^ Z_\\[h[dj YWh[ d[[Zi WYYehZ_d] je j^[_h \hW_bjo-
h[]WhZb[ii e\ j^[ Z_l[hi[ [Yedec_Y XWYa]hekdZi/ J[l[hj^[b[ii-
j^[h[ Wh[ ij_bb lWh_Wj_edi _d j^[ gkWb_jo e\ i[hl_Y[i Wced]ij fh_lWj[
N?DAi/ P^[h[ _i fkXb_Y YedY[hd \eh j^[ gkWb_jo e\ j^[i[ i[hl_Y[i/
K d j^[ ej^[h ^WdZ- Wi h[\b[Yj[Z Xo j^[ bed] mW_j_d] j_c[29 \eh
N?DAi i[hl_Y[i- _j _i [l_Z[dj j^Wj j^[h[ _i ij_bb W i_p[WXb[ Z[cWdZ
\eh *ikXi_Z_p[Z* fbWY[i kdZ[h >ek]^j LbWY[ OY^[c[ +>LO, eh
Ad^WdY[Z >ek]^j LbWY[ OY^[c[ +A>LO, e\ ?Wh[ WdZ =jj[dj_ed
Dec[i/ +OkccWho N[fehj; 8/6,
w>7BB;D=;I ?D u9>?;L?D= wEDJ?DKKC E< w7H;8;JM;;D wECCKD?JO 7D: 1;I?:;DJ?7B w7H;2;HL?9;
?khh[djbo- j^[h[ Wh[ edbo h[if_j[ i[hl_Y[i m^_Y^ i[hl[ Wi W Xh_Z][
X[jm[[d Yecckd_jo b_l_d] WdZ h[i_Z[dj_Wb YWh[ b_l_d]/ Dem[l[h-
_d l_[m e\ j^[ ]hem_d] [bZ[hbo fefkbWj_ed- j^[h[ _i W fej[dj_Wb ^_]^
Z[cWdZ \eh ikY^ i^ehj.j[hc h[i_Z[dj_Wb i[hl_Y[i/ Bkhj^[hceh[-
gkWb_jo N?DAi fbWY[i Wh[ icWbb _d dkcX[h/ Ed ikY^ Y_hYkcijWdY[i-
j^[ [bZ[hbo kikWbbo gk[k[ kf \eh h[i_Z[dj_Wb YWh[ i[hl_Y[i bed]
X[\eh[ j^[o h[Wbbo d[[Z/P^_i _i YWki[Z dej edbo Xo b_c_j[Z WlW_bWXb[
i[hl_Y[i- Xkj Wbie j^[ c[djWb_jo e\ j^[ ][d[hWb fkXb_Y WdZ j^[
i[d_eh Y_j_p[di _d fWhj_YkbWh/P^[ bWjj[h _i W h[ikbj e\ bed].ijWdZ_d]
aD/GYfEM9MGi?
}aGYfEM9M_`?x-a5Izhmz
GULba0iGh|9M_hZisldTG
hyFAahWzKzYfEG9MD/<Z^
Pba9Ti?4\cY9MGD/asmTI_
c}Q}UGGXjFc43:_UL?h|YfE
G<n@5p@-<n@5yGy|Zn_;u
aj-iFah,~V,e907i
JORd9MpYfEM9M7FpofbkGZkRK
8__tajULoZ~:9Mk;JO3,p
YfEM3,B~Qm>auh_ULr*Gpj_
][?@PxjGoZ9Ma3cG1Qi?a
EL_aD/GYfEMZnv35RaQ@Pf
Ay_ULA^Q-a~/i?YfEM9M__
_[EvGXaWG9Ma@5Mx65aWG9
MavaH_9xW5gR-+hMhxULiG
OB0E\GakLAxN-}aGs}_]^z
AED@ CED@ AEIGBD@ GE>B?HJ Nn/gl[
29 P^[ Wl[hW][ mW_j_d] j_c[ \eh W ikXi_Z_p[Z YWh[.WdZ.Wjj[dj_ed fbWY[ _i 33 cedj^i/
@BBDABD?C3: GXy|EMZnG}0jF-44WVa
N4
FSKPORU TORN >NQOLM
X^ X_
[\\[Yji e\ [n_ij_d] feb_Y_[i j^Wj i[]h[]Wj[ Yecckd_jo b_l_d] WdZ
N?DAi b_l_d] Wi jme ckjkWbbo [nYbki_l[ ceZ[i/Dem[l[h-m_j^ j^[
_cfb[c[djWj_ed e\ OjWdZWhZ_p[Z ?Wh[ J[[Z =ii[iic[dj
I[Y^Wd_ic \eh AbZ[hbo O[hl_Y[i WdZ j^[ ?[djhWb SW_j_d] H_ij \eh
OkXi_Z_p[Z Hed] P[hc ?Wh[ O[hl_Y[i- ][dk_d[ d[[Z \eh h[i_Z[dj_Wb
YWh[ i[hl_Y[i m_bb X[ _Z[dj_\_[Z WdZ c[j ed j^[ ed[ ^WdZ- WdZ
jW_beh.cWZ[ Yecckd_jo ikffehj i[hl_Y[i mekbZ X[ [dikh[Z \eh
j^ei[ m^e d[[Z ikffehj je b_l[ _d j^[ Yecckd_jo ed j^[ ej^[h/
=i ikY^- [bZ[hbo f[efb[ m_j^ Z_\\[h[dj a_dZi e\ d[[Zi mekbZ X[
YWj[h[Z \eh- WdZ j^[ mW_j_d] j_c[ \eh h[i_Z[dj_Wb YWh[ i[hl_Y[i YekbZ
X[ i^ehj[d[Z/ Bkhj^[hceh[- kdZ[h j^_i d[m c[Y^Wd_ic- [bZ[hbo
f[efb[ m^e d[[Z j[cfehWho h[i_Z[dj_Wb YWh[ i[hl_Y[i YekbZ b_l[
_d N?DAi \eh iec[ j_c[- j^[o YekbZ j^[d h[jkhd je Yecckd_jo
b_l_d] edY[ j^[_h \hW_bjo ^Wi b[ii[d[Z/ OkY^ fhWYj_Y[i [dWXb[ W
ceh[ \b[n_Xb[ Yedj_dkkc X[jm[[d Yecckd_jo ikffehj WdZ
h[i_Z[dj_Wb YWh[ i[hl_Y[i- WdZ WYjkWb_p[ j^[ YedY[fj e\ *W][_d]
_d fbWY[*/ +OkccWho N[fehj; 8/7,
Ed fbWdd_d] \eh j^[ fhel_i_ed e\ *^eki_d] m_j^ YWh[* \eh j^[ [bZ[hbo
_d j^[ Yec_d] o[Whi- j^[ WXel[ Y^Wbb[d][i ^Wl[ je X[ i[h_ekibo
Yedi_Z[h[Z/Dem[l[h-dej Wbb Y^Wbb[d][i YWd X[ jWYab[Z _d j^[ i^ehj
j[hc/Beh _dijWdY[- ieY_Wb i[Ykh_jo- h[j_h[c[dj fhej[Yj_ed WdZ ^[Wbj^
YWh[ ioij[ci- m^_Y^ Wh[ e\ YhkY_Wb _cfehjWdY[ _d W\\[Yj_d] j^[
i[d_eh Y_j_p[di* W\\ehZWX_b_jo _d ^[Wbj^ YWh[ i[hl_Y[i WdZ j^[dY[
^eki_d]- d[Y[ii_jWj[ j^[ ]el[hdc[dj*i [dehceki [\\ehji WdZ
h[iekhY[i _\ Y^Wd][i Wh[ je X[ _djheZkY[Z/ Ej Wbie jWa[i j_c[ je
[\\[YjkWj[ Wdo ikXijWdj_l[ Y^Wd][/ +OkccWho N[fehj; 8/7,
3,pYfEM3,5C\fWDu5IG3,
T[0S;GUjk<aux_l0s|`4
jYf9M/m5qZkkpjEM9M6yGX
LSk_9TpbmTI-~/ai?YfEM9M
GUL5qHYpaW9M_smTIwpb-
^zGULhVAEHDGJORd9Ma@+_
[pbJUjULJP5IGi?_Ypb*x
GXYfEM9MGjFacx_Q@ZZky_
W[i?1j.xjoZbk9MGULwp~j
soYf9MEM_HjdTGK`fA@-_
[pO^3,a@P*vT[5\pbAjt,
P*4JORdpYfEM9M_9p=Fj[z
YfkG^,ah,~V,e908i
c9T-UL}5]cGjWk[/gkj_9T
~L^~Pg{zDGrTa<uTc_Y5x
0aGrTIpbQxj@Q}hsGabT
J[\gkh`A>\g@5pGhM/_@[
IxHjyjULQGh9Moj5ogTIG
1X4ua0b_IT9T?@o}FGx_s|
~L?s-DGTupy`4p\ZaA__@p
G-G@o_Ii?IbjU_TpPj\ha
h,~V,e908ia
3>;-;;: <EH 0K7B?JO 1;I?:;DJ?7Bw7H; 2;HL?9;I<EH J>; yB:;HBO
=j fh[i[dj- j^[ h[i_Z[dj_Wb YWh[ i[hl_Y[i \eh j^[ [bZ[hbo YWj[h \eh
f[efb[ m_j^ Z_\\[h[dj YWh[ d[[Zi WYYehZ_d] je j^[_h \hW_bjo-
h[]WhZb[ii e\ j^[ Z_l[hi[ [Yedec_Y XWYa]hekdZi/ J[l[hj^[b[ii-
j^[h[ Wh[ ij_bb lWh_Wj_edi _d j^[ gkWb_jo e\ i[hl_Y[i Wced]ij fh_lWj[
N?DAi/ P^[h[ _i fkXb_Y YedY[hd \eh j^[ gkWb_jo e\ j^[i[ i[hl_Y[i/
K d j^[ ej^[h ^WdZ- Wi h[\b[Yj[Z Xo j^[ bed] mW_j_d] j_c[29 \eh
N?DAi i[hl_Y[i- _j _i [l_Z[dj j^Wj j^[h[ _i ij_bb W i_p[WXb[ Z[cWdZ
\eh *ikXi_Z_p[Z* fbWY[i kdZ[h >ek]^j LbWY[ OY^[c[ +>LO, eh
Ad^WdY[Z >ek]^j LbWY[ OY^[c[ +A>LO, e\ ?Wh[ WdZ =jj[dj_ed
Dec[i/ +OkccWho N[fehj; 8/6,
w>7BB;D=;I ?D u9>?;L?D= wEDJ?DKKC E< w7H;8;JM;;D wECCKD?JO 7D: 1;I?:;DJ?7B w7H;2;HL?9;
?khh[djbo- j^[h[ Wh[ edbo h[if_j[ i[hl_Y[i m^_Y^ i[hl[ Wi W Xh_Z][
X[jm[[d Yecckd_jo b_l_d] WdZ h[i_Z[dj_Wb YWh[ b_l_d]/ Dem[l[h-
_d l_[m e\ j^[ ]hem_d] [bZ[hbo fefkbWj_ed- j^[h[ _i W fej[dj_Wb ^_]^
Z[cWdZ \eh ikY^ i^ehj.j[hc h[i_Z[dj_Wb i[hl_Y[i/ Bkhj^[hceh[-
gkWb_jo N?DAi fbWY[i Wh[ icWbb _d dkcX[h/ Ed ikY^ Y_hYkcijWdY[i-
j^[ [bZ[hbo kikWbbo gk[k[ kf \eh h[i_Z[dj_Wb YWh[ i[hl_Y[i bed]
X[\eh[ j^[o h[Wbbo d[[Z/P^_i _i YWki[Z dej edbo Xo b_c_j[Z WlW_bWXb[
i[hl_Y[i- Xkj Wbie j^[ c[djWb_jo e\ j^[ ][d[hWb fkXb_Y WdZ j^[
i[d_eh Y_j_p[di _d fWhj_YkbWh/P^[ bWjj[h _i W h[ikbj e\ bed].ijWdZ_d]
aD/GYfEM9MGi?
}aGYfEM9M_`?x-a5Izhmz
GULba0iGh|9M_hZisldTG
hyFAahWzKzYfEG9MD/<Z^
Pba9Ti?4\cY9MGD/asmTI_
c}Q}UGGXjFc43:_UL?h|YfE
G<n@5p@-<n@5yGy|Zn_;u
aj-iFah,~V,e907i
JORd9MpYfEM9M7FpofbkGZkRK
8__tajULoZ~:9Mk;JO3,p
YfEM3,B~Qm>auh_ULr*Gpj_
][?@PxjGoZ9Ma3cG1Qi?a
EL_aD/GYfEMZnv35RaQ@Pf
Ay_ULA^Q-a~/i?YfEM9M__
_[EvGXaWG9Ma@5Mx65aWG9
MavaH_9xW5gR-+hMhxULiG
OB0E\GakLAxN-}aGs}_]^z
AED@ CED@ AEIGBD@ GE>B?HJ Nn/gl[
29 P^[ Wl[hW][ mW_j_d] j_c[ \eh W ikXi_Z_p[Z YWh[.WdZ.Wjj[dj_ed fbWY[ _i 33 cedj^i/
@BBDABD?C3: GXy|EMZnG}0jF-44WVa
N4