Universal Measurement Universal Measurement System with Web InterfaceSystem with Web Interface

Maciej LipińskiMaciej LipińskiPh.D. Krzysztof Poźniak, MSc GrzegorzPh.D. Krzysztof Poźniak, MSc Grzegorz Kasprowicz Kasprowicz

Warsaw 25.01 2008

Outline of the projectOutline of the project

Main module (100x80mm ):Main module (100x80mm ):• Switched-mode Power SupplySwitched-mode Power Supply• Graphic controller Graphic controller • Sound controllerSound controller• I2C interfaceI2C interface• Peripherals: USB, RS232, Ethernet ports, output for Peripherals: USB, RS232, Ethernet ports, output for

built-in LCD-TFT and for VGA monitorbuilt-in LCD-TFT and for VGA monitor Single Board Computer module (50x70mm):Single Board Computer module (50x70mm):

• Microprocessor: ARM9 (AT91RM9200)Microprocessor: ARM9 (AT91RM9200)• 128 SDRAM128 SDRAM• Ethernet interface 10/100 MbitEthernet interface 10/100 Mbit• FLASH 8MBFLASH 8MB• SD/MMC reader, SD/MMC reader, • Interfaces: 2 x Serial ports, 2x USB hub and deviceInterfaces: 2 x Serial ports, 2x USB hub and device

Acquisition module:Acquisition module:• ALTERA Cyclone IALTERA Cyclone I• 2 x fast, 105MS/s. 14 bit ADCs2 x fast, 105MS/s. 14 bit ADCs• SSRAM – 128k x 32SSRAM – 128k x 32

Hardware provided by Grzegorz Kasprowicz, consists of 3 Hardware provided by Grzegorz Kasprowicz, consists of 3 modules:modules:

The Goal of the project:The Goal of the project:

Utilization of the hardware to create an autonomous, Utilization of the hardware to create an autonomous, universal measurement system with Ethernet interface universal measurement system with Ethernet interface

and operating system on board, in order to enable on-fly and operating system on board, in order to enable on-fly reconfiguration accordingly to the user’s needs. Creation reconfiguration accordingly to the user’s needs. Creation

of TCP/IP and web-based control interface.of TCP/IP and web-based control interface.

Outline of the systemOutline of the system The user interface will include:The user interface will include:

• Built-in LCD screen, the mouse and keyboardBuilt-in LCD screen, the mouse and keyboard• www server for remote application managementwww server for remote application management• Measurement server for remote measurement controlMeasurement server for remote measurement control

((i.e.i.e. compatible with LabView environmentcompatible with LabView environment))

Example applications:Example applications:• Signal acquisition in dangerous places (i.e. high energy Signal acquisition in dangerous places (i.e. high energy

physics) physics) • Signal acquisition in places which are difficult to accessSignal acquisition in places which are difficult to access• Cheap, reconfigurable measurement system Cheap, reconfigurable measurement system • Remote monitoring of industrial parametersRemote monitoring of industrial parameters• An element of a distributed measurement systemAn element of a distributed measurement system• Digital oscilloscopeDigital oscilloscope

User interface

Measurement Environment

Control center

LAN

Measurement system block diagram Measurement system block diagram and data flowand data flow

Signal Source

FPGA

ADC

SSRAM

Acquisition module

Single Board Computer

Main Module

LCD

External monitor

User interface

Measurement interface ARM

Universal Internet Measurement System for High Energy Physics

Ethernet

Graphic

Background researchBackground research Studying the provided hardware:Studying the provided hardware:

• Thorough lecture of most important component’s datasheetsThorough lecture of most important component’s datasheets• Studying hardware structure Studying hardware structure • Becoming a „good friends” with the boardBecoming a „good friends” with the board

Studying similar projects:Studying similar projects:• TwARM eval board - AT91RM9200 by TwARM eval board - AT91RM9200 by Pelos, Pelos, http://http://twarm.pelos.pltwarm.pelos.pl//• ARM9 single board computer designed for image acquisition and processing. ARM9 single board computer designed for image acquisition and processing.

http://http://www.ime.usp.br/~fr/sbcwww.ime.usp.br/~fr/sbc// • Sarge - single board compute Sarge - single board compute

http://www.blackmesaeast.com.pl/projects/electronics/sarge-single-board-compuhttp://www.blackmesaeast.com.pl/projects/electronics/sarge-single-board-computer/1/ter/1/

• Prototype Implementation of the Embedded PC BasedPrototype Implementation of the Embedded PC Based Control and DAQ Module Control and DAQ Module for TESLA Cavity SIMCONfor TESLA Cavity SIMCON

Studying Linux:Studying Linux:• Linux From Scratch by Gerard BeekmansLinux From Scratch by Gerard Beekmans• Kernel in a nutshell, O’ReillyKernel in a nutshell, O’Reilly• Linux Device Drivers, O’ReillyLinux Device Drivers, O’Reilly

Other background reading:Other background reading:• U-boot documentation: The DENX U-Boot and Linux Guide (DULG) for TQM8xxLU-boot documentation: The DENX U-Boot and Linux Guide (DULG) for TQM8xxL• Many tutorials and „howto’s”Many tutorials and „howto’s”

LinuxLinux customized for customized for AT91RM9200AT91RM9200

The system I built consists of :The system I built consists of :• Kernel: linux-2.6.22.10Kernel: linux-2.6.22.10• Busybox: version 1.7.2Busybox: version 1.7.2• uClibc library: version 0.9.29uClibc library: version 0.9.29

Two kernel configurationsTwo kernel configurations• For the ARM microprocessorFor the ARM microprocessor• For my computerFor my computer

Cross-compiler toolchain chosen, build and used : buildrootCross-compiler toolchain chosen, build and used : buildroot Kernel and root file system compiled as one image and Kernel and root file system compiled as one image and

sent to microprocessor by TFTPsent to microprocessor by TFTP Bootloader: U-boot version 1.1.4, patch from TWARMBootloader: U-boot version 1.1.4, patch from TWARM To do:To do:

• Booting from SD/USBBooting from SD/USB• NFS/booting from NFSNFS/booting from NFS

FPGA configurationFPGA configuration

Binary configuration file sent by SPIBinary configuration file sent by SPI• At91_spidev character device driver prepared for At91_spidev character device driver prepared for

AT91RM9200 processor and provided in the kernel patchAT91RM9200 processor and provided in the kernel patch isis used used

Configuration signals controlled by mapping the Configuration signals controlled by mapping the PIO registers from user spacePIO registers from user space

Simple program to sent configure FPGASimple program to sent configure FPGA writtenwritten

User’s space application for loading the FPGA configuration

SPI

open write map

/dev/spi /dev/mem

PIO A

spi_transfer Linux Kernel Space

Linux File System

Linux User Space

At91_spidev

open read

Binary file with FPGA configuration

Linux User Space Kernel Interface

Functions

AT91RM9200

FPGAAltera Cyclon I

MO

SI

SP

CK

DC

LK

DA

TA

nCO

NF

IG

CO

NF

_DO

NE

PB

1

PB

2

FPGA configurationFPGA configuration design design

Work to be done:Work to be done: ResearchResearch

• Peripheral driversPeripheral drivers• Signal processing algorithmsSignal processing algorithms• ProtocolsProtocols• Visualization techniquesVisualization techniques• Interface managementInterface management

Operating System preparation Operating System preparation • Bootable from SD/USBBootable from SD/USB• DevelopmentDevelopment of of drivers drivers • Appropriate components (ex. necessary server)Appropriate components (ex. necessary server)• RReasonable sizeeasonable size

FPGA (HDL, glue logic)FPGA (HDL, glue logic)• Acquisition data storage logicAcquisition data storage logic• SSRAM data readout logicSSRAM data readout logic• Signal processing algorithms implementationSignal processing algorithms implementation

SoftwareSoftware• Programs (or drivers) development :Programs (or drivers) development :

Data retrieval from FPGAData retrieval from FPGA Data processingData processing Data visualizationData visualization

• Implementation of one of the standard measurement protocolsImplementation of one of the standard measurement protocols• Create user interface:Create user interface:

General configuration and reconfigurationGeneral configuration and reconfiguration Remote application controlRemote application control Remote measurementRemote measurement Direct control (LCD, mouse, Keyboard)Direct control (LCD, mouse, Keyboard)

TestsTests• The system will be tested as a double channel digital oscilloscope and spectrum analyzerThe system will be tested as a double channel digital oscilloscope and spectrum analyzer

The EndThe End