Chapter001 Ab Part i
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Copyright © 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill Technology Education Chapter 1A & Chapter 1B 1. Introducing Computer Systems 2. Looking Inside the Computer System PART I
Transcript of Chapter001 Ab Part i
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Chapter 1 Objectives
Recognize the importance of
computer literacy
Define the term, computer
Identify the components
of a computer
Discuss the advantages anddisadvantages of using computers
Recognize the purpose of a network
Discuss the uses of the Internet andWorld Wide Web
Distinguish between system softwareand application software
Describe the categories of computers
Identify the elements ofan information system
Describe the various typesof computer users
Discuss various computerapplications in society
Next
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A World of Computers
What is computer literacy (digital literacy)?
Next
Current knowledge and understanding
of computers and their uses
Computers are everywhere
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How is a computer defined?
What Is a Computer?
Produces and stores results
Next
Electronic device operating under the control of
instructions stored in its own memory
Processes data intoinformation
Conveys meaning and isuseful to people
Accepts data
Collection ofunprocessed items
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1B-5
Parts of the Computer System
Computer systems have four parts
Hardware
Software
Data
User
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1B-6
Parts of the Computer System
Hardware
Mechanical devices in the computer
Anything that can be touched
Software
Tell the computer what to do Also called a program
Thousands of programs exist
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1B-7
Parts of the Computer System
Data
Pieces of information
Computer organize and present data
Users
People operating the computer Most important part
Tell the computer what to do
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Categories of Computers
Next
What are the categories of computers?
Personal Computers
(desktop)
Mobile Computers and
Mobile Devices
Game Consoles
Servers
Mainframes
Supercomputers
Embedded Computers
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Personal Computers
What are the two most popular styles of personal
computers?
Next
PC and compatibles
use the Windows
operating system
Apple Macintosh
usually uses the
Macintosh operatingsystem (Mac OS X)
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Personal Computers
What is a desktop computer?
Next
Designed so all of the components fit entirely on
or under a desk or table
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Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices
What is a notebook computer?
Next
Portable, small enough
to fit on your lap
Also called a laptop
computer
Usually more expensive
than a desktop computer
with equal capabilities
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Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices
What is a Tablet PC?
Next
Especially useful for taking
notes
Resembles a letter-sized slate
Allows you to write on the
screen using a digital pen
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Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices
What are mobile devices?
Next
Internet-enabled
telephone is a
“smart phone”
Small enough to
carry in a pocket
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Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices
What is a handheld computer?
Next
Used
by mobile
employees such as
meter readers and
delivery people
Small
enough to fit
in one
hand
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Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices
What is a personal digital assistant (PDA)?
Next
Provides personal organizer functions
Calendar
Appointment book
Address book
Calculator
Notepad
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Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices
What are smart phones?
Next
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Game Consoles
What are game consoles?
Next
Mobile computing device designed for
single-player or multiplayer video games
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Computers for Organizations
What types of servers are there?
Mainframe Very powerful,
expensive computer that supports
thousands of connected users
Supercomputer The fastest, most
powerful, most expensive
computer. Used for applications
requiring complex mathematical
calculations
Next
A server controls access to network
resources and provides centralized
storage
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Embedded Computers
What is an embedded computer?
A special-purpose computer that functions as a
component in a larger product
Next
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Elements of an Information System
What are information system elements?
Next
Hardware
Software
Data
People
Procedures
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Examples of Computer Usage
What software is available for a home user?
Next
Personal finance
management
Web access
Communications
Entertainment
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Examples of Computer Usage
Productivity
software
Specialty
software
Web usage
Next
What software is available for a small
office/home office (SOHO) user?
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Hardware Notebook computers
Tablet PCs
Internet-enabled PDAs Smart phones
Examples of Computer Usage
What is available for
a mobile user?
Software Word processing
Spreadsheet
Presentation graphics
software
Next
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Examples of Computer Usage
What are the needs of a power user?
Next
Speed and large amounts of storage
Types of power users
Engineers
Scientists
Architects
Desktop publishers
Graphic artists
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Examples of Computer Usage
What are the needs of the large business user?
Next
Payroll
Inventory
E-commerce
Desktop
publishing
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Computer Applications in Society
What are some examples
of computer applications
in society?
Next
Education
Finance
Government
Health Care
Science
Publishing
Travel
Manufacturing
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1B-27
Information Processing Cycle
Steps followed to process data
Input
Processing
Output
Storage
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The Components of a Computer
What is an input device?
Hardware used
to enter data
and instructions
Next
What is an output device?
Hardware that
conveys information
to one or more
people
What is the system unit? Case that contains
the electronic components of
the computer that are used
to process data
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The Components of a Computer
What are two main components on the motherboard?
Processor
Also called a Central Processing Unit (CPU)
The electronic component that interprets and carriesout the basic instructions that operate the computer
Next
Memory
Consists of electronic components that store
instructions waiting to be executed and data needed by
those instructions
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The Components of a Computer
What is storage?
Storage media
Physical material on which data, instructions,
and information are stored
Storage device
Records and retrieves items to and from
storage media
Next
Holds data, instructions, and information
for future use
C f C
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The Components of a Computer
What is a USB flash drive?
Next
Portable storage device
Small and lightweight enough
to be transported on a keychain
or in a pocket
The average USB flash drive
can hold about 2 billion
characters
Th C t f C t
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The Components of a Computer
What is a hard disk?
Next
Provides greater storage
capacity than a
USB flash drive
Most are housed inside
the system unit
Th C t f C t
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The Components of a Computer
What is a compact disc?
Next
Flat, round, portable metal disc
CD
DVD
Th C t f C t
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The Components of a Computer
What is a communications device?
Next
Hardware component that
enables a computer to
send and receive data, instructions,and information
Occurs over cables, telephone
lines, cellular radio networks,
satellites, and other
transmission media
Advantages and Disadvantages
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Storage Communications
Advantages and Disadvantagesof Using Computers
What are the advantages of using computers?
SpeedReliability
Next
Consistency
Advantages and Disadvantages
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Impact on
Labor Force
Advantages and Disadvantagesof Using Computers
What are the disadvantages of using computers?
Next
Violation of
Privacy
Health Risks
Public Safety
Impact on
Environment
N t k d th I t t
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Networks and the Internet
What is a network ?
Next
Collection of computers and devices connected together,
often wirelessly
Used to share
Resources
Hardware
devices Software
programs
Data
Saves
timeand
money
Information
N t k d th I t t
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Networks and the Internet
What is a server?
Next
A server controls
access to resources
on a network
Clients, or
workstations,
request resources
from the server
N t k d th I t t
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Networks and the Internet
What is the Internet?
Next
Worldwide collection of networks that connects
millions of businesses, government agencies, educational
institutions, and individuals
N t k d th I t t
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Networks and the Internet
Why do users access the Internet?
2. Research and Information
3. Shopping
4. Banking and Investing
5. Classes
6. Entertainment
Next
1. Communications
7. Download Music
8. Share Information
Net orks and the Internet
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Networks and the Internet
What is the Web?
A Web site is
a collection ofrelated Web pages
A Web page contains
text, graphics, audio,video, and links to
other Web pages
You can share
information on a social
networking Web site ora photo sharing
community
Next
Billions of documents, called Web pages, available to
anyone connected to the Internet
A blog consists of time-
stamped articles in
a journal format
A podcast is
recorded audio
stored on a Web sitethat can be
downloaded
Computer Software
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Consists of a series
of instructions thattells the computer
what to do and
how to do it
Computer Software
What is software?
Next
Also called a
program
Computer Software
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Computer Software
What is a graphical user interface (GUI)?
Next
Allows you to
interact with the
software using text,
graphics, and visual
images such asicons
Controls how you
enter data and
instructions andhow the screen
displays
information
Computer Software
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Computer Software
What is system software?
Operating System (OS) is a set of programs
that coordinates all
activities among
computer hardwaredevices
Utility Programs allow the user to
perform maintenance-type tasksusually related to managing a
computer, its devices or its programs
Next
Programs that control or maintain the operations of
the computer and its devices
Computer Software
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Computer Software
What is application software?
Next
Presentation
Graphics
Spreadsheet
Database
Word
Processing
Programs designed to makeusers more productive
Computer Software
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Computer Software
How do you install and run programs?
Next
Computer Software
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Computer Software
What is a programmer?
Next
Someone who developssoftware
Programmer writesthe instructions to
direct the computerto process data intoinformation
JavaScript
Web application
Summary of Introduction to Computers
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Summary of Introduction to Computers
Basic computer concepts
The term, computer
The components of a computer
The advantages and disadvantages ofusing computers
The purpose of a network
The uses of the Internet
Computer software
Categories of computers
Types of computer users
Computer applications in society
Chapter 1 Complete
