Tai Lieu Mon Hoa

8/13/2019 Tai Lieu Mon Hoa

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TRUNG TM LUYN THI AI HOC TOAN VIT (T:08.3722.1811 098.927.189!

BAI 1: CAC PHNG PHAP GIAI TOAN HOA HOC

(Phn nay gii thiu mt sphng phap giai toan phbin nhmgiai quyt nhanh,gon cac bai toan hoa hoc thng g p trong cacky thi tuyn sinh ai hoc! cao ng"

PHNG PHAP 1:PHNG PHAP BAO TOAN KHI LNG1.Ni dung phng phap

-Ap dung inh lut bao toan khi lng: Tng khi lng cht tham gia bng tng khi lng sanphm tao thanh !iduphan ng: A " # $ % " & Ta lun co: mA" m# ' m% " m&

*Chuy: (hai )ac inh chinh )ac cht tham gia *acht tao thanh +k, calng d sau phan ng .hi c can dung dich thikhi lng mui thu c bng tng khi lng %ation *aAnion2. Ca !idu"inh h#aVidu1: /oa tan hoan toan 012g h3n h p 4 kim loai bng dung dich /%l d thu c 5150 lit khi +ktc% can dung dich ssau phan ng c bao nhi,u gam mui khan6 A4718 #5914 %;15 &7418Giai: hoa t=i n 4> " 4n/%l ' 4>%ln " n /4 ;15 ------------------;14Ap dung inh lut #T.?: m> " m/%l ' mmui " m/4

mmui ' 012 " ;157@1@ ;144 ' 4718 gam $ Bap an A

Vidu2: %ho 8@19g h3n h p 4 ancol n chc k, ti,p nhau t=ong da3C ng ng tac dung h,t *i 214g Dathu c 451@g cht =n/ai ancol ola:

A %/7E/ *a%4/@E/ # %4/@E/ *a%7/E/% %7/@E/ *a%5/E/ & %7/E/ *a%5/2E/

Giai: FE/ " Da ' FEDa " G /4 Ap dung inh lut bao toan khi lng cho ta:

m/4' mAncol" mDa-m=n' 8@19 "214 -451@ ' ;17g $ n/4' ;18@mol ThHo phng t=inh: nAncol' 4n/4' ;17mol $ >Ancol'8@19I;17' @4 $ hai ancol la: %4/@E/ *a%7/E/ $ ap an #Vidu: Bun nong 87410g h3n h p 7 ancol no n chc *i /4JE5c 85; ;% thu c 88814g h3n h pcac HtH cosmol bng nhau Jmol m3i HtH t=ong h3n h p la:

A ;18 # ;18@ % ;15 & ;14Giai$ 4FE/ $ FEF " /4E

Dhn thC:%7 ancol tach nc c 9 HtH *an/4E'nFEF' G nFE/

#ao toan khi lng: m/4E' mFE/- mFEF' 87410 -88814 ' 4819g $ n/4E '814 molJmol m3i HtH: 814I9 ' ;14 mol $ ap an &

Vidu!: .hi t chaC hoan toan m+g h3n h p 4 ancol no n chc mach h thu c !+l %E4+ktc *aa+g /4E%ho bi,t bi,u thc li,n h,gi3a m1a *a!

G"#$ %"&' :T). T*KnV+' T#,' (0988.-79.-10! #/ 8


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A m ' a-!I@19 # m ' 4a !I8814 % m ' 4a-!I4415 & m 'a"!I@19Giai$ Ancol n chc no n,n: nE+ancol' nancol' n/4En%E4'aI80-!I4415#ao toan khi lng :

m' m%" m/" mE'84 !I4415"4 aI80 "89+ aI80-!I4415' a-!I@19

$ %ap an AVidu":Dung 8514g h3n h p hai mui cacbonat cua 4 kim loai hoa t=i 4 c 19g chat =n *akhiL&3ntoan bkhiL *ao 8;;ml dung dich .E/ 8> thi khi lng mui thu c sau phan ng labao nhi,u6

A 8@ # 8; % 912 &@Giai : .hi L la%E4#ao toan khi lng: mL'8514 -19 ' 919g $ nL' ;18@ mol Dhn thC: n.E/In%E4';18I;18@ M8 $ tao mui ./%E7 %E4 " .E/ $ ./%E7

;18--------;18----------;18 $ m./%E7' ;188;;' 8;g $ ap an #

&.'( )*ai (+p ap dungC+u 1: .hhoan toan 9195g h3n h p gm NH1NHE1NH7E51NH4E7cn dung 4145 lit %E +ktc.hi lng NHthu c la:

A@1;5g # @15g % @1;@g & @1;9gC+u 2: H' 4 /56 3 * ' ; R1OH< R2OH< R3OH. T= ">' ?' ;'/ @ 'B-0 /#6 4 100C< D@:H2)OE< F# ?' ;'/ @ 3 F@ ?' ;'/ J@ -0K. G" @* # 6

A. 2


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C+u 0$/oa tan 2185g h p kim %u1>g1Al bng mt lng *a u dung dich /%l thu c 105 lit khiL+ktc 1 41@5g cht =n R *adung dich S ?oc bocht =n R1 c can cn thn dung dich S thu c khilng mui khan la:

A 7815@ g # 77122 g % 821;4@ g & @917g

C+u : Laphong hoa hoan toan 8145g cht bHo cn *a u;1;9mol DaE/1c can dung dich sau phanng c khi lng )aphong la :A 810 g # 80145 g %I89190g &87170g

C+u 1:%ho 719 g a)it cacbo)Clic no n chc tac dung hoan toan *i @;;ml dung dich gm .E/ ;184>*a DaE/ ;184>% can dung dich thu c 0140g h3n h p cht =n khan%ng thc phn tcua L la:

A %4/@%EE/ # %/7%EE/ % /%EE/ & %7/%EE/Bap an:%u 8 4 7 5 @ 9 0 2 8;Bap an A & % A # A # A A #

PHNG PHAP 2: PHNG PHAP BAO TOAN NG#$%N T1. Ni dung ua phng phap

-&a *ao inh lut bao toan nguC,n t+#TDT:T=ong cac phan ng hoa hoc thongthng cac nguC,n tlun c bao toan%huC: Lac inh ung dang tn tai cua cac nguC,n tt=ong cac cht t=c *asau

phan ng , tim mi Puan h,gi3a chung2. Ca !idu"inh h#a

Vidu1: Bt chaC hoan toan 715g h p cht A thu c 4145lit JE4+ktc *a810g /4E Lac inh %T(Tcua A

A J # /4J % /4JE7 & /4J4E7Giai# A t chaC c JE4*a/4E $ A cha J1/1 co th,coEBt cng thc A laJ)/CE#ao toan khi lng : mA" mE4 ' mJE4 " m/4E $ mE4' 510g $nE4' ;18@mol J)/CE " E4 $ JE4 " /4E a ;18@ ;18 ;18bao toan nguC,n tJ1/1E ta co: a)' ;188 U aC' ;184U a " ;18@4 ' ;184" ;188 $ a)' ;18U aC' ;14 U a)' ; $ A la/4J $ Bap an #Vidu2: Bt chaC hoan toan m g h3n h p L gm %/51 %7/91 %5/8;thu c 515g %E4 *a41@4g /4E mco giat=i la:

A 8150 g # 4150 g % 8510 g & 45 g

Giai : #ao toan nguC,n ti *i L mL ' m% " m/' 84515I55 " 441@4I80 ' 8150 g $ %ap an AVidu: t chaC hoan toan ;18mol andHhit n chc L cn dung *a u84174lit E4+ktc thu c 819g%E4L laandHhit nao sau C6

A %/V%-%/4-%/E # %/7-%/4-%/4-%/E# %/4' %/-%/4-%/E & %/4'%'%/-%/E

Giai : nE4' ;1@@ mol U n%E4' ;15 mol

G"#$ %"&' :T). T*KnV+' T#,' (0988.-79.-10! #/ 7


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!ianhdHhit n chc n,n : nE+L'nL' ;18 mol#ao toan nguC,n t E: n/4E ' nE+/4E' nL" 4nE4-4n%E4' ;18" 4;1@@-4;15 ' ;15 mol n/4E' n%E4' ;15 *an%E4' 5nL $ L la %/7-%/4-%/4-%/E $ Bap an #Vidu!:?C a mol DaE/ hp thuhoan toan 4195g khi%E4thu c 4;;ml dung dich L khng con

DaE/ *anng cua ion %E74-

la ;14>Tinh giat=i cua aA ;1;9 # ;1;0 % ;18 & ;184Giai : J : %E4 " DaE/ $ Da/%E7 " Da4%E7#ao toan nguC,n t %: nDa/%E7' n%E4- nDa4%E7 ' 4195I55-;14;14' ;1;4 mol#ao toan nguC,n t Da: a' 4nDa4%E7 " nDa/%E7' 4;1;5" ;1;4' ;18$ ap an %

Vidu":/oa tan hoan toan h3n h p gm ) mol NHJ4*aC mol %u4J *ao a)it /DE7*a uthu c dungdich L +chicha 4 mui sunWat *akhiduC nht DE Tinh tis)IC

A 9I@ # 4I8 % G & @I9Giai : L chicha 4 mui sunWat *a khiduC nht DE n,n J a3chuC,n h,t thanh JE54-

4NHJ4 $ NH4+JE57 U %u4J $ 4%uJE5 ) G ) C 4C

#ao toan nguC,n t J: 4)" C ' 7;1@) " 4C $ )IC' 4I8 $ ap an #&. '( )*ai (+p ap dungC&u 1:%ho hXn hYp gZm ;17 mol NH1 ;18@ mol NH4E7*[ ;18 mol NH7E5 t\c d]ng h^t *_i dung d`ch /4JE5long thu Yc dung d`ch A %ho dung d`ch A t\c d]ng *_i dung d`ch DaE/ d 1 lc k^t ta Hm nungt=ong khng kh ^n khei lYng khng fi thu Yc m gam cht =n % Tnh m A. ; B. 4 C. 9@ 3. @C&u 2: .h h^t m gam NH7E5bjng %E thu Yc hXn hYp A gZm NHE *[ NH A tan *a t=ong ;17 ltdung d`ch /4JE5 8> cho =a 5150 lt kh /4+ktc Tnh m

A. 4714 gam B. 5915 gam C. 8814 gam 3. 891;5C+u &$h3n h p A gm Htan1 a)HtilHn1 butadiHnH-817 Bt chaC h,t m gam h3n h p A *acho san phmchaC hp thu*ao dung dich nc *i t=ong d thu c 8;;g k,t tua *akhi lng c *i sau phan ng

giam 7210g Tinh mA 8710 # 715 % @01@ & 9;14

C+u ,$/oa tan hoan toan h3n h p gn ;184 mol NHJ4*aa mol %u4J *ao a)it /DE7*a uthu c dungdich L +chicha 4 mui sunWat *akhiduC nht DETinh m

A ;1;9 # ;1;5 % ;184 & ;1;@C&u ": L la mt ancol no mach hBt chaC h,t ;1;@ mol L cn @19g E4thu c hi /4E *a 919g%E4%ng thc cua L la:

A %4/5+E/4 # %7/E/ % %7/9+E/4 & %7/@+E/7C&u ': Bt chaC hoan toan m gam h3n h p gm %7/01%5/91%@/8;1%9/9thu c 124g %E4*a41g/4ETinh giat=i cua m

A 4104 # 419 % 4159 &4178

C&u (:: S@ $' 0


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C&u :%ho hXn hYp kh L gZm %/7%/E *[ /4i Pua eng s vng bt Di nung nng Jau khi phn ng)C =a ho[n to[n thu Yc hXn hYp kh R gZm hai cht Bet ch\C h^t h^t R t hu Yc 881 gam /4E *[105 lt %E4+ktc (hKn t=m thHo th tch ca /4t=ong L l[ :A. 97189Q B. 5918@Q C. @710@Q 3. 7@1;;Q

C&u 1+:.h ho[n to[n 45 gam hXn hYp %uE *[ NH)EC bjng /4 d q nhit cao thu Yc 819 gam hXnhYp 4 kim lowi .hei lYng /4E two th[nh l[ : A. 810 gam B. @15 gam C. 14 gam 3. 719 gam%u 8 4 7 5 @ 9 0 2 8;Bapan

# A A A & % % # A %

PHNG PHAP : PHNG PHAP BAO TOAN ,I% N TICH

1.Ni dung phng phap 4T=ong nguC,n t1 phn t1 dung dich lun t=ung hoa *,i,n - T=ong nguC,n t : sp=oton ' sHlHct=on -!i dung dich: smol ) chisi,n tich dng ' smol ) chis i,n tich m * Chuy: thng *i,t phan ng di dang ion thu gon .,t h p cac phng phap khac ,giai2.Ca !i du"inh h#aVidu1: >t dung dich cha cac ion : ;1;8 mol Da"1 ;1;4 mol >g4"1 ;1;8@mol JE54-*a) mol %l- Tim )

A ;1;8@ # ;1;7@ % ;1;4 & ;1;8Giai : ap dung dinh lut bao toan i,n tich: ;1;88" ;1;44 ' ;1;8@4 " )8 $ )' ;1;4 $ ap an %

Vidu2:&ung dich A cha hai cation NH4";18mol *aAl7";14mol *a4anion %l- ) mol *aJE54-C mol% can dung dich A thu c 5912g h3n h p mui khantinh ) *aCA ;19 *a;18 # ;17 *a;14 % ;1@ *a ;18@ & ;14 *a;17

Giai: bao toan i,n tich ta co: ;184" ;147 ' )8" C4 $ )"4C' ;10% can dung dich khi lng mui bng tng khi lng cac ion: ;18@9" ;144 " 7@1@)" 29C ' 5912 $ 7@1@)" 29C ' 7@12

g4"1%a4"1#a4"1;18mol %l-1;14mol DE7- Th,m dn ! lit .4%E78> *aoL ,n khi c k,t tua ln nht thigia t=i ! ti thi,u cn dung la:

A 8@;ml # 7;;ml % 4;;ml & 4@;mlGiai: >4" " %E74- $ >%E7

.hi phan ng k,t thuc 1 dung dich con lai con: ."

1 %l-

1 DE7-

Ap dung inh lut bao toan i,n tich: n." ' n%l-" nDE7-' ;18@ lit' 8@;ml$ ap an AVi du!:%ho h3n h p L gm ) mol NHJ4 *a;1;5@ mol %u4J tac dung *a u*i /DE7loa3ng un nongthu c dung dich chicha mui sunWat cua cac kim loai *agiai phong khiDE duC nht Tinh gia t=icua )A ;1;5@ # ;1;2 % ;187@ & ;180

Giai:#ao toan nguC,n t

G"#$ %"&' :T). T*KnV+' T#,' (0988.-79.-10! #/ @


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NH7")mol U %u4": ;1;2 mol U JE54-+)";1;5@mol#ao toan i,n tich: 7)" 4;1;2' 4+)";1;5@ $ )' ;1;2 $ ap an #

Vidu":Bt chaC hoan toan ;18mol A)itcacbo)Clic n chc cn *a u! lit E4+ktc thu c ;17mol%E4*a;14mol /4ETinh gia t=icua !

A 0129 lit # 8814 lit % 914 lit & 5150lit

Giai : Bt cng thc a)it la F%EE/#ao toan nguC,n tE : nE+F%EE/" nE+E4' nE+%E4 " nE+/4E/aC: ;184 " nE+E4' ;174 " ;148 $ nE+E4 ' ;19 $ nE4' ;17 mol$ !' 914 lit $ ap an %

&.'( )*ai (+p ap dungC+u 1: %ho dung d`ch L gZm ;1;; mol Da"1 ) mol %a4"1 ;1;;9 mol %l-1 ;1;;9 mol HCO 3*[ ;1;;8 molNO3_ B lowi bx h^t %a4"t=ong L cKn *a dung d`ch cha a gam %a+E/4 t t=ong hai dung dich t=,n chaA ."1 >g4"1 JE54-*a%l- # ."1 D/5"1 %E74-*a%l-

% D/5"1 /"1 DE7-*aJE54- & >g4"1 /"1 JE54- *a%l-

C+u &: &ung dich R cha %a4";18 mol 1 >g4";17 mol 1 %l-;15 mol *a /%E7-C mol.hi c can dung dichR thu c khi lng mui khan la:

A 715 # 5210 % 4@15 &7;1@C+u ,: >t dung dich cha ;1;4 mol %u4"1 ;1;7 mol ."1 ) mol %l-*a C mol JE54- Tng khi lng muitan cot=ong dung dich la@157@gam Tinh ) *aC

A ;1;7 *a ;1;4 # ;1;@ *a;1;8 % ;1;8 *a;1;7 & ;1;4 *a;1;@C+u -: /oa tan hoan toan h3n h p gm ;184 mol NHJ4*a) mol %u4J *ao dung dich /DE7*a uthuc dung dich L chicha 4 mui sunWat *akhi DE duC nhtTim ) A;1;7 # ;1;5@ % ;1;9 & ;1;2

C+u :M`@ S 'B a ;#: 0


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C+u 1: &ung dich L cha ;1;4@ mol %E74-1 ;18mol Da"1 ;14@mol D/5"*a ;17 mol %l-%ho 4;ml dungdich #a+E/4;14> *ao *aun nong nhH .hi lng dung dich giam la:A 5148@ gam # @1429 gam % 9198 gam & 1;8@gam

%u 8 4 7 5 @ 9 0 2 8;BA & # A A % % # A %

PHNG PHAP !: PHNG PHAP BAO TOAN -L-CT.ON1.Ni dung phng phap!$ng smo% &%&ctron cht kh nhng bng tng smo% &%&ctron cht o'i hoa nhn%huC: phai )ac inh chinh )ac cac cht nhng *acht nhn H D,u )Ht cho mt Puat=inh chi cn )acinh t=ang thai u *a cui1 khng cn Puan tm cac t=ang thai t=ung gian

2.Ca !idu"inh h#aVidu1: /oa tan hoan toan m gam Al t=ong dung dich /DE7loa3ng thu c 8184 lit h3n h p L gm 7 khiDE1D4E *aD4cotil,mol 8:4:4Tim gia t=i cua m

A @15 # 71@8 % 41 & 018Giai : nkhi' ;1;@ molT til,$ nDE' ;1;8 mol U nD4E' ;1;4 mol *anD4' ;1;4 mol DE7- " 7H $ DE : DE7- " 0H $ D4E U DE7- " 8;H $ D4 ;1;7 {;1;8 ;189{;1;4 ;14 { ;1;4 Jmol HlHct=om cht khnhng: ;1;7";189";14' ;172 mol

Al -7H $ Al7"a $ 7a

#ao toan H: 7a' ;172 $ a' ;187 $ m' ;1874' 71@8gam $ ap an #Vidu2: %ho 817@g h3n h p gm %u1Al1>g tac dung *i dung dich /DE7thu c h3n h p khi gm;1;8mol DE *a ;1;5mol DE4+.hng tao D/5DE7Tinh khi lng mui tao =a t=ong dung dich

A 8;1;0gam # 91@2 gam % @192 gam & @129 gamGiai :

D"@ " 7H $ D"4+DE ;1;7 { ;1;8 D"@ " 8H $ D"5+DE4 ;1;5 { ;1;5

Jmol DE7-tao mui: nDE7- tao mui ' nH cho hoc nhn ' ;1;7";1;5' ;1;mol.hi lng mui: mmui'mkim loai " mDE7- tao mui ' 817@ " ;1;94' @192 gamVidu: /oa tan hoan toan 81;0g Al bng dung dich /DE7d thu c ;1779lit khi L+san phm khduC

nhtLac inh LA DE4 # D4E % D4 & DE

Giai: Al - 7H $ Al7" D"@ " nH $ D@-n

;1;5$ ;184 ;184 ;184InTa co : ;184In' ;1;8@ $ n' 0 $ nhn 0H $ D4E Bap an #Vidu!: /oa tan hoan toan 8214g kim loai > bng dung dich /DE7d thu c 0129lit khi +ktc gmDE4*aDE thHo ti l,th,tich 7:8.im loai > la:

A NH # %u % Al & Sn

G"#$ %"&' :T). T*KnV+' T#,' (0988.-79.-10! #/


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Giai : Jmol khi: nkhi' ;15 mol !DE4I!DE'7:8 $ 'nDE' ;18 mol U nDE4' ;17mol

7 4

7

DE 8H DE

;17 ;17

DE 7H DE

;17 ;18

+

+

n> nH >

a na

+

#ao toan HlHct=on: na' ;19 $ a' ;19In haC >'74n $ > la %u $chon #

Vidu": T=n ;108g bt Al *i bt NH4E7*a%uE =i t nong ,ti,n hanh phan ng nhi,t nhm thu ch3n h p A /oa tan hoan toan A t=ong dung dich /DE7un nong thu c !lit DE +san phm duC nht +ktcTinh !

A ;1445 lit # ;194 lit % 4145 lit & 914litGiai

Tom tt s : ;108g Al "4 7NH E

%uE

$ /3n h p A $ DE

%huCt=ang thai u *acui ta nhn thC chicoPuat=inh Al nhng H *a/DE7nhn H Al - 7H $ Al7" D"@ " 7H $ D"4

;1;7 $ ;1;2 ;1;2 $ ;1;7Th,tich DE thu c : !' ;1;74415' 914 lit $ ap an &

&.'( )*ai (+p ap dungC+u 1: /oa tan hoan toan m gam Al *ao dung dich /DE7loa3ng thu c h3n h p gm ;1;8@mol D4E *a;1;8 mol DE +.hng tao D/5DE7 Tinh m

A 871@ gam # 817@ gam % ;108 gam & 018 gamC+u 2$%ho m gam %u phan ng h,t *i dung dich /DE7thu c 0129 lit +ktc h3n h p khiDE *aDE4co khi lng 8@14 gam Tim m

A 4@19 gam # 89 gam % 41@9 gam & 0 gamC+u &: >t h3n h p gm 5 kim loai : >g1Di1 Sn1 Al chia lam hai phn bng nhau: - (hn 8: Tac dung *i /%l d sinh =a 7179 lit /4+ktc - (hn 4: hoa tan h,t t=ong /DE7loa3ng d thu c ! lit +ktc khikhng mau hoa nu t=ong khngkhi Tinh ! A 4145 # 7179 % 5150 & @19C+u ,: %ho 717@gam h3n h p gm >g1Al1%u tac dung hoan toan *i dung dich /4JE5c nong d thuc 410 lit JE4+kc.hi t 717@gam h3n h p t=,n t=ong khi%lo d thikhi lng mui clo=ua thu cla :

A 8;144@gam # 84144@ gam % 0184@ gam & 2144@ gamC+u -: %ho ! lt hXn hYp khi %l4*[ E4+ktc tac d]ng *a *_i hXn hYp cha 41 gam Al * [ 719 gam

>g1 thu Yc 4418 gam sn phm =n g1Al tac dung *i /DE7d c 029ml +ktc h3n h p DE *a DE4co> '54 Tinh tng khi lng mui Dit=at tao thanh

A 2158g #8;1;0 g % @1; g & 018@ gC+u /: %ho m gam hXn hYp L gZm Al *[ Da t\c d]ng *_i /4E d1 thu Yc 0129 lit khi /4 +ktc *[ cynlwi mt lYng cht =n khong tan .hei lYng ca Da t=ong m gam L l[:

A. 417 gam B. 519 gam C. 912 gam 3. 214 gam

G"#$ %"&' :T). T*KnV+' T#,' (0988.-79.-10! #/ 0


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C+u 0: /ya tan ho[n to[n 8814 gam NH *[o /DE7 d1 thu Yc dung d`ch A *[ 914 lt hXn hYp kh #gZm DE *[ mt khi L1 *_i t| l th tich l [ 8:8 .h L l[ : A.DE4 B.D4 C.D4E 3.DEC+u :%ho hXn hYp A gZm ;14;; mol Al1 ;17@; mol NH phn ng h^t *_i ! lit dung d`ch /DE78>1 thu

Yc dung d`ch #1 hXn hYp < gZm ;1;@; mol D4E *[ ;1;5; mol D4*[ cyn 410;; gam kim lowi


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NH - 7H $ NH7" D"@ " 7H $ D"4

) 7) ;1;@ ;1;4@ #ao toan H: 7) ';1;@ $ ) ' ;1;4@ mol !C )' ;1;4@ *aC ' ;1;8

!C4 7

NH ;1;4@NH E ;1 ;8

#ao toan nguC,n t i *i NH: nNH' nNH " 4nNH4E7' ;1;5@ mol$ mNH ' ;1;5@@9 ' 41@4g $ ap an A

Ph03 a 2: }uC i h3n h p L thanhNH ) mol

NHE moly

#ao toan khi lng : @9) " 4C ' 7}uat=inh cho nhn H:

NH - 7H $ NH7" NH4" -8H $ NH7" D"@ " 7H $ D"4

) 7) C C ;1;@ ;1;4@

#ao toan H: 7) " C ';1;@ $ ) ' ;1;8@ mol !C )' ;1;4@ *aC ' ;1;4

!CNH ;1;8@ mol

NHE ;1;7mol

#ao toan nguC,n t i *i NH: nNH' nNH " nNHE' ;1;5@ mol$ mNH ' ;1;5@@9 ' 41@4g $ ap an AVidu2:%ho m gam h3n h p gm NHE1 NH4E7*aNH7E5tac dung *i dung dich /%l d sau phan ng thuc dung dich R% can R thu c 194 gam NH%l4*a 21@ gam NH%l7Tinh giat=i cua m

A 2184 # 01@ % 10 & 91@Giai: PuC i h3n h p thanh NHE *aNH4E7

(han ng: NHE " 4/%l $ NH%l4"/4E;1;9 ;1;9 NH4E7 " 9/%l $ 4NH%l7"7/4E

;1;7 ;1;9 To: m' ;1;94" ;1;789; ' 2184 gamVi du: /oa tan 5180 gam olHum L +/4JE5nJE7 *ao nc Dgi ta phai dung 8lit DaE/ ;18> ,t=ung hoa dung dich LLac inh cng thc olHum

A /4JE57JE7 # /4JE54JE7 % /4JE55JE7 & /4JE5nJE7Giai : }uC i olHum thanh /4E+ n"8JE7 /4E+ n"8JE7$ +n"8 /4JE5 $ +n"8 .4JE5 nJE7 t=ong /4E+n"8JE7 ' n/4JE5' n.4JE5' G n.E/ ' ;1;@ mol

$ mJE7 t=ong /4E+n"8JE7 ' 5g $ m/4E t=ong olHum ' 5180- 5' ;180$ n/4E t=ong olHum ' ;1;8 mol $ nJE7 t=ong olHum ' +n"8;1;8' 5I0; ' ;1;5 $ n'5 $ ap an % Vidu!: Dung m gam bt %u t=ong E)i thu c 4510 gam h3n h p cht =n L gm %u1%uE *a%u4E /oa tan hoan toan L t=ong dung dich /4JE5c nong thoat =a 5150 lit khiJE4+ktc duC nhtTinh gia t=i cua mA 219 # 8514 % 48184 & 4415

Giai :

G"#$ %"&' :T). T*KnV+' T#,' (0988.-79.-10! #/ 8;


11/164


J bai toan: %u$4

%u

%uE

%u E

$4

4

JE

%u +

Ta PuC i h3n h p L thanh %u ;14 mol%uE ;18@ mol

#ao toan khi lng: 95) " 0;C ' 4510 +8 %u - 4H $ %u4" J"9 " 4H $ J"5

) 4) ;15 ;14!C 4)' ;15 $ )' ;14 *a C' ;18@

/3n h p L%u ;14 mol

%uE ;18@ mol

#ao toan nguC,n t %u: m' 95+;18";18@'4415g

Vidu":Dung 015gam NH t=ong khng khi sau phan ng thu c m gam cht =n L gm NH1NH4E71NH7E5*a NHE /oa tan m gam L *ao dung dich /DE7d thu c 4145 lit khiDE4+ktc lasan phm khduCnhtTinh m A 8814 gam # 8;14 gam % 14 gam & 912 gamGiai : PuC i h3n h p *,NHE *aNH4E7(hng t=inh phan ng

NHE " 5 /DE7 $ NH+DE77" DE4" 4/4E ;18 ;18 NH4E7 " 9 /DE7 $ 4NH+DE77 " 7/4E )

#ao toan NH: nNHE " 4nNH4E7'nNH$ )' ;1;4@ mol

m ' ;184" ;1;4@89; '8814 gam $ ap an A&.'( )*ai (+p ap dungC+u 1: B,hoa tan hoan toan 4174gam h3n h p gm NHE1 NH7E5*a NH4E7+t=ong osmol NHEbng smol NH4E7 cn dung ! lit /%l 8> Tinh giat=i cua !

A ;1;0 # ;189 % ;180 & ;147C+u 2: %ho 88179 gam h3n h p gm NH1NHE1 NH4E7*a NH7E5phan ng h,t *i dung dich /DE7loa3ng dthu c 81755 lit DE +ktc duC nht *adung dich L% can L c m gam mui khanTinh m

A 521;2 # 7014 % 7@1@ & 75179C+u &$E)i hoa chm m gam NH ngoai khng khi thu c 84gam h3n h p L gm NHE1 NH7E51 NH4E7*aNH d /oa tan hoan toan L t=ong /DE7thu c 4145 lit DE+ktc cht khduC nhtTinh m

A 1@ # 1@ % 8;1;0 & 8;10

C+u ,: Bt chaC 914gam bt NH t=ong khng khid c m gam h3n h p L gm NHE1 NH7E51 NH4E7*aNHd B,hoa tan h,t L cn dung *a h,t 4@@ml dung dich /DE74> thu c ! lit +ktc khi DE4+sanphm khduC nhtTinh m1!A 015 *a 7179 # 015 *a@184 % 8;1;0 *a7179 & 8;1;0 *a@184C+u -$/3n h p L gm >g1>gJ *aJ cokhi lng m gam hoa tan h,t t=ong /DE7c nong thu c41284 lit D4 duC nht +ktc *adung dich RTh,m #a+E/4d *ao R c 591@@gam k,t tua Tinh mA 510 gam # 14 gam % 219gam & 84 gam

G"#$ %"&' :T). T*KnV+' T#,' (0988.-79.-10! #/ 88


12/164


C+u : %ho 801@ gam h3n h p NH *aNH7E5*ao 4;;ml /DE7un nong Jau phan ng thu c 4145 lit+ktc DE duC nht1 dung dich L *acon lai 8159 gam kim loai khng tanDng molIl cua /DE7a3dungla: A41 > # 714 > % 7@> & 412>

C+u /: /oa tan hoan toan m gam h3n h p L gm NH1NH%l4*a NH%l7t=ong /4JE5c nong thoat =a 5150 litJE4duC nht +ktc *adung dich RTh,m D/7d *ao dung dich R c 7418 gam k,t tua Tinh mA 8910 # 81@ % 4@19@ & 75@@

C+u 0: /oa tan hoan toan 7510gam mt o)it st NH)ECt=ong dung dich /4JE5c nong sau phan ng thuc 8190lit khiJE4+sp khduC nht ktcE)it ola:

A NHE # NH7E5 % NH7E5hoc NHE & NH4E7C+u : /oa tan hoan toan 4@19 gam cht =n L gm NH1 NHJ1 NHJ4 *aJ bng dung dich /DE7d thu c!lit DE duC nht +ktc *a dung dich RTh,m #a+E/4d *ao dung dich R c 84914@ gam k,t tuaTinh! A 8124 # 821;5 % 45195 & 41@0C&u 1+$/oa tan hoan toan 851@4g h3n h p L gm : Da/%E71./%E7*a>g%E7bng dung dich /%l d

thu c 7179lit %E4+ktc.hi lng .%l thu c sau phan ng la:A 0125 # 8918 % 124 & 8812Bap an:%u 8 4 7 5 @ 9 0 2 8;BA A # % A % # & # % A

G"#$ %"&' :T). T*KnV+' T#,' (0988.-79.-10! #/ 84


13/164


BAI 2: 5I' 6OAI

CH7%81$ %9I CNG :; 5I' 6O9I

I. :< (=>? (>nh h@( !( 8 :< (=>$T=ong bng tuKn ho[n-Dhm A +t= hid=o1 A1 A +t= #o *[ mt phKn nhm !A1 !A1 !A

- %\c nhm # +# $ !# -/ lantan *[ actini +4 h[ng cuei bng 6iDn EF( Ei" #i $ ?i,n k^t kim lowi la liHn kH\t c hznh thanh gia cac nguCHn t *a

ion kim loai t=ong mang tinh thH do s tham gia cua cac HlHct=on t do2. T>nh h@( !( hung

T>nh d#

T>nh dn JiKn$ B dn in: Ag %u Au Al NH~

T>nh dn nhiK($ .im lowi dn in tet thz cng dn nhit tet Lnh Ei"

4Dhng tnh cht *t l chung ca kim lowi ni t=,n l[ do c\c HlHct=on tv do t=ong kim lowi gC =a.&. T>nh h@( !( =iDng

5hMi ng =iDng: .im lowi c khei lYng =i,ng nhx nht l[ ?i1l_n nht l[ EsNhiK( J nng hQR: thp nht l[ /g1 cao nht l[ T>nh Sng$kim lowi mrm nht l[ .1 Fb1 %sU cng nht l[ %=4cac tinh cht naC phuthuc b,n lk1ki,u mang1nguC,n tkhi

II.T>nh h@( ha h

Tnh kh: > nH ' >n"8 T\c d]ng *_i n cht: /alogHl1 E41 J

5Da " E4 ' 4Da4E U NH " J ' NHJ 4NH " 7%l4 ' 4NH%l7 U 4%u " E4 ' 4%uE

4 T\c d]ng *_i hYp cht:" !_i /4E +%ac kim loai ki,m1 %a1#a1J= latac dung c

>" n/4E ' >+E/n"nI4 /4 " !_i A)it

G"#$ %"&' :T). T*KnV+' T#,' (0988.-79.-10! #/ 87


14/164


aU !_i /%l1 /4JE5long

KL + /%l1 /4JE5long $ muei c ha t=` thp " /4

,i5u 6i7: .im lowi ng t=_c /4 NH " /4JE5 4 NHJE5 " /4*U !_i /DE71 /4JE5c +t= Au1 (t

.? " /DE7I/4JE5c 4muei c ha t=` cao nht " sn phm kh " /4E

Jn phm kh ca /DE7l[:5

*+

E414

*+

E 1;

*418

*+

4E 17

*

/5DE7

Jn phm kh ca /4JE5l[:5

4

+

- ( 1;

-14

4

) -

ChV $ A. WX? C= Ehng (Y dZng ![i HNO&? H2\O,J]? ngui.

" !_i #a: .im lowi c hid=o)it lng tnh nh Al1Sn1#H1%= Al " DaE/ " /4E ' DaAlE4" /4 Sn " 4DaE/ ' Da4SnE4 " /4E" !_i >uei

.im lowi tan t=ong n_c " muei 4phn ng )C =a nh sau:

.? " /4E 4ba kirm " /4#a kirm " muei 4ba m_i " muei m_i

%ho Da *ao dung dich %uJE5: Da " /4E 4DaE/ " G /4 U 4DaE/ " %uJE5 4%u+E/4" Da4JE5 .im lowi khng tan t=ong n_c " muei 4muei m_i " kim lowi m_i

Biru kin:- .? phi mwnh hn .? t=ong muei- %\c muei ru phi tan 3^_ %I`N HA CbA 5I' 6O9I

1.c 3R JiKn ha ea Ei" #i$ ." Da" %a4">g4" Al7" Sn4" NH4" Di4" Jn4" (b4" / %u4"WX&f /g4"Ag" (t4"Au7"

Tnh o)i ha ca ion kim lowi tng dKn . Da %a >g Al Sn NH Di Jn (b /4 %u WX2f/g Ag (t Au

Tnh kh ca kim lowi gim dKn2.c ngha ea dR JiKn ha:

&v o\n chiru ca phn ng gia 4 cp o)i ha kh )C =a thHo chiru: cht o)i ha mwnh hn so)i ha ch\t kh mwnh hn sinh =a cht o)i ha C^u hn *[ cht kh C^u hn

Th> dZ$phn ng gia 4 cp NH4"INH *[ %u4"I%u l[: %u4" " NH NH4" " %u

G"#$ %"&' :T). T*KnV+' T#,' (0988.-79.-10! #/ 85


15/164


E)h mwnh kh mwnh o)h C^u kh C^u

b C2b$2bb CTong quat:G"#h Fh $= 2 # $D" $#= h 4Dbi4 %#; YbiY (# 4Dbi4 ='/@*j= # YbiY!.

4Db YTb

4 Y

(hng t=znh phn ng :RC" " L $ L)" " R

%I8N CC :APIN %I8N HOA8I%iDn $gm mt thanh d3n i,n nhung *ao dung dich cha c p o)i hoa-kh !idu: Thanh %u nhung *ao dung dich %uJE5kChi,u: %uI%uJE5>3i i,n cc comt th,o)hIkhu: !i du ;%u4"I%u' ";175!Th,i,n cc co th,m hoc dngChuy# .a/y in hoa trn 'p th&o chiu tng .n thcua cac c p o'i hoa!kh4IPin JiDn h#a+%on goi languC,n tn"" nH ---- >

fPhng phYp:

1.c Phng phYp nhiK( uRKn$dng iru ch^ nhng kim lowi +)au A nh: Sn 1 NH 1 Jn 1 (b 1 %u 1 /g ~&ng c\c cht kh mwnh nh: % 1 %E 1 /4 hoc Al kh c\c ion kim lowi t=ong o)it q nhit caoTh d]: (bE " /4

o

t (b " /4ENH4E7" 7%E

o

t 4NH " 7%E42.c phng phYp (heR uRKn$dng iru ch^ nhng kim lowi %u 1 Ag 1 /g ~+Jau Al&ng kim lowi c tnh kh mwnh hn kh ion kim lowi t=ong dung d`ch mueiTh d]: NH " %uJE5--- %u " NHJE5&.c Phng phYp JiKn ph+n:

G"#$ %"&' :T). T*KnV+' T#,' (0988.-79.-10! #/ 8@

U2b C2b

U C


16/164


a.c JiKn ph+n nng hQR: iru ch^ nhng kim lowi . 1 Da 1 %a 1 >g 1 AlBin phn nng chC c\c hYp cht +muei1 o)it1 ba ca chngTh d]: 4Da%l pnc 4Da " %l4

>g%l4 pnc >g " %l4

4Al4E7 pnc

5Al " 7E4*.c %iKn ph+n dung d


17/164


18/164


1. Tinh h+(a K; F8 ?i hi8 4Da/%E7$ Da4%E7" %E4" /4E

F Tih h03 &; di8

&U TINH CHqT HOA HOC- Tinh Eh"anh$ ' s '2fr)#yi h#a f2Uf 2X- Tinh Eh(lngdn t#H$#a

1. Ta dung !i phi Ei"rC2? O2? \U2. Ta dung !i ayi(

aHCh&; 6h0 H2O 67 kim th cokhanng kh -18(-9:!" 'ungS2(H2", -o ;a*1g+DE74" D/5DE7" 7/4E5>g " @/4JE5$ 5>gJE5" /4J " 5/4E

7 Ta dung !i n$ 4 tothng: #H Ehngphan ng1 >g pI chm- .im loai con lai phan ng mwnh : > " 4/4E $ >+E/4" /4

,U %I87 CH8$ ,i8 >h& 3 hay ;uJi ha


19/164


2U CANvI CABONAT- #i phn huC 8;;;o%: %a%E7$ %aE+*i sng" %E4+p> '?y ra trong qu@ trAnh nung ;i- %a%E7tan c t=ong nc khi comt %E4

CaCO&f CO2f H2O CarHCO&U2 rhi (n (ai (=#ng dung dih

.hi to

1 giam (%E4thi%a+/%E74bi phn huC $ giai thich hi,n tng (hah nhuk1 lnt=ong m- T=#ng (nhiDn%a%E7co: Ja!i1 Jah#a1 Japh+n1 !#cac loai ? )#1- ng dung$nhi,u t=ong )C dng1 san )ut )imng

&U CANvI \7NWAT$ Canyi )un{a( | (hah a#

Thach cao )ng $ thach cao nung $ thach cao Ehan %aJE52H2O %aJE5H2O %aJE5

4444444444444444444444444444444} NC CNG1U 5HAI NI8'$%hanhiDuion Ca2f? 'g2f

2U PHqN 6OAI+ 7 loai1. Ta" (hi$%ha anion HCO&4$ cha 2mui CarHCO&U2!a'grHCO&U2

Tam thi *i: Jun si mui ph+n huRlam "+( Jngcua nc2.:iknh u$%ha anion: C4? \O,24$ cha , mui: CaC2? 'gC2? Ca\O,? 'g\O,& T#an ph+n' (a" (hi" :iknh u

&U TAC HAI - Tn nhi,n li,u gC n- 68 ua

} %Mi ![i (>nh Sng (" (h~i:- Bun $ mt cng tam thi : CarHCO&U2

o

t CaCO& f CO2f H2O- &ung hoa cht: CarOHU2 *a ? Na2CO&? Na&PO,} %Mi ![i (>nh Sng !nh u r (#n phn U : &ung hoa cht: Na2CO&? Na&PO,

F Ph03 >ha> Da EJi i -cho nc cng chaC Pua ct t=ao i ion1 %a4"*a>g4"bi gi3lai1 thaC th, bng Da"

CH7%8& $ NH'? \T? %NG?CO'

A. NH'1U :ITIt Cq7 HINH x6xTON

- !i t=i: : 1&U %hu kC: &U Dhom: IIIA - %u hinh: &)2&p1hoc DH 7s47p8

2U TINH CHqT HOA HOC- Tinh Eh"anh (chisau 67 nhom BC, BBC" D - Dhng 7H: ' s '&ff &X1. Ta dung !i phi Ei"+E41 %l4

4Al " 7%l4$ 4Al%l7 U 5Al " 7E4$ 4Al4E7+to

G"#$ %"&' :T). T*KnV+' T#,' (0988.-79.-10! #/ 82

1#C &-#C


20/164


Ehuy# C% bn trong khng khi.o co%p mang o'it (C%:=" bao ; 2. Ta dung !i ayi(a /%l1 /4JE5loa3ng $ mui " /4

4Al " 9/%l $ 4Al%l7" 7/4 U 4Al " 7/4JE5$ Al4+JE57" 7/4

b/4JE5c1 nongU /DE7$ mui " san phm kh" /4EEhuy# C% thu ng trong ):-9;a )*=c ngui&.Ta dung !i #yi( Ei" #ai | phan ng nhiD( nh"

2Al " NH4E7 o

t Al4E7" 4NH +Fng .ung phan ng nGy han ng ray",.Ta dung !i n- Al khng phan ng *i nc *ico lp mang o)it Al4E7bao *, - D,u pha*3 lp mang o)it thi Al phan ng

4Al " 9/4E $ 4Al+E/7" 7/4- (han ng dng lai do Al+E/7khng tan sinh =a ' nn thHc tI ;Jt bKng nhm khng t@c .Lng ;Mi nMc-.Ta dung !i dung dih EiD"$ Al tan c t=ong dung dich ki,m lado- Al4E7bao *,tan =a + do cotinh l3ng tinh

- Al phan ng *i nc : 4Al " 9/4E $ 4Al+E/7" 7/4- Al+E/7tan t=ong dd ki,m + do cotinh l3ng tinh: Al+E/7" DaE/ $ DaAlE4" 4/4E

Ph03 Dih J3 h >:A f NaOH f H2O s NaAO2f7

4H2

&U TANG THAI TNHI8N t \AN v7qT1. TnhiDn$- Al ng th 4 +sau E)i1 Jilic t=ong *x t=\i t

- %o t=ong: t sHt +Al4E74JiE44/4E1 mica +.4EAl4E79JiE41 bo)it +Al4E74/4E1 %=iolit +7DaNAlN72. %iDu hD$ nguRDn iKu $ u3 F@i Al4E74/4E

Bi,n phn nong chaC Al4E7 : 4Al4E7.pnc

crio%it 5Al " 7 E4

+Ca ATh8; Di


21/164


Chuy: Al+E/7 /AlE4/4E &ang bao &ang a)it +a)it aluminic +tri hn A)it =t C,u + C,u hn a)it cacbonic $ bi a)it manh C =a khoi mui

- %E4C c gc aluminat =a khoi muiDaAlE4" %E4" 4/4E $ Al+E/7" Da/%E7 %E4khng hoa tan c Al+E/7n,n phan ng dng lai k,t tua kHo t=ng - D,u sdung a)it manh C thitao k,t tua kHo t=ng sau otan =a DaAlE4" /%l " 4/4E $ Al+E/7" Da%l Al+E/7" 7/%l $ Al%l7" 7/4E

&. NH' \7NWAT- %ng thc phHn chua: 52\O,.A2r\O,U&.2,H2OhaC 5Ar\O,U2.12H2OThaC ."'Da"1?i"1D/5"$phHn nhm- ng dung: (=#ng n1 nganh da1 nhum1 giC

-------------------------------------------------------------------C.\mT

1. :ITIt Cq7 TAO t TANG THAI TNHI8N

1. :i (=it +u (a# $ Jtht: 491 chu kC51 nhom !#

%u hinh HlHct=on : 8s44s44p97s47p97d95s4 hoc A==.89s:

- Dhng 4H: : NH $ NH4" " 4H

A=7d95s4 A=d'

6hi t@c .Lng ;Mi chNt o'ihOa yIu ?d : ddHC


22/164


2 Ta du3 ?i a@i

a !i dung dich /%l1 /4JE5loa3ng

(+& $+&:1, )1$):"

b !i dung dich /4JE5*a/DE7c nong

(+&$+&=1, *1


23/164


Tih 6h0 4NH%l4" %l4$ 4NH%l7

Tih @i ha Sn " NH%l4 $ NH " Sn%l4

,i8u h8:NH +NHE hoc NH+E/4tac dung *i /%l hoc /4JE5loa3ngChuy: Y O! ua YOY2O\ ih h& ua YO Y2O

2. HP CHqT \mT rIIIUTinh cht hoa hoc c t=ng latinh #yi h#a: NH7"" 8H$ NH4" hoc NH7"" 7H $

NH

1. Hp h+( )l( rIIIU #yi($ WX2O&r "u J n+u U

Tinh h+( :i du

Tih Fa NH4E7" 9/%l $ 4NH%l7" 7/4E

NH4E7" 9/DE7$ 4NH+DE77" 7/4ETih @i ha NH4E7" 7/4

ot

7NH " 7/4E

NH4E7" 7%Eo

t 4NH " 7%E4

NH4E7" 4Alo

t 4NH " Al4E7

,i8u h8:4NH+E/7o

t NH4E7" 7/4E

2. Hp h+( )l( rIIIU hid=#yi($ YOHh& DQ ;au &u E

Tinh h+( :idu

Tih Fa NH+E/7" 7/%l $NH%l7"7/4E

Nhi8 >h& 4NH+E/7ot

NH4E7"7 /4E

,i8u h8:NH7" " 7E/-$NH+E/7

&. 'ui )l( rIIIU $ dd "u !ng

Tinh h+( :idu Ta dung dd *a NH%l7" 7DaE/ $ NH+E/7" 7Da%l

Tinh #yi h#a 4NH%l7" %u $ 4NH%l4" %u%l4

4NH%l7" NH $ 7NH%l4

&.HP 5I' C7A \mT

GANG THxP

1. Thanh ph+n$


24/164


2. Ph+n #ai$

- Ga3 @a;:cha nhi,u Cha hi1 Ji

n " E4$4>nE

% " E4$%E4

J " E4$JE4

5( " @E4$4(4E@

(han ng tao )i+thao bo

7%aE " (4E@$%a7+(E54

%aE " JiE4$%aJiE7

3. CO'I. :ITIt Cq7 TAO %=: S ' 451 chu kC51 nhom !#- %u hinh H: A=&d-,)1(U& 9s chuyn sang =.V cu hinh ban ba/o hoa bn hn"

II. HOA TINH$

Tinh kh%= manh hn NH 1 C^u hn km +%= coso)i hoa "8 ,n "91 h03 3Q > 2 '

Tinh h+( :idu

G"#$ %"&' :T). T*KnV+' T#,' (0988.-79.-10! #/ 45


25/164


1 Ta du3 ?i >hi 6i;: Cnh Eh ! (>nh #yiha

aW Si trng a'it#%="7$ %="4

4%=%l7" Sn $4%=%l4" Sn%l4

bWSi trng kim: %="4$ %="9

4Da%=E4" 7#=4"0DaE/ $4Da4%=E5" 9Da#= " 5/4E

1. C=#" r:IU #yi( $ %=E7: m[u x thm4 %=E7lamt o)it a)it

%=E7" /4E $/4%=E5a)it c=omic

4%=E7" /4E $/4%=4Ea)it dic=omic

! Er=cotinh o'i hoa manh# t3. E,-,P,*)=WWW

2. 'ui C=#" r:IU $ muei c=omatr%=E54- *[

muei ic=omat +%=4E4-

%=4E4-" /4E 4%=E54-" 4/"

9a a;H ?a3 OHS

>ui c=omat1 ic=omat cotinh o)i hoa manh

.4%=4E" /4JE5" 9NHJE5$%=4+JE57" .4JE5"

7NH4+JE57" /4E

.4%=4E" 85/%l $4%=%l7" 4.%l " 7%l4" /4E

x. %NG HP CHT %NG

1. :ITICq7 TAO- %u: S ' 421 chu kC51 nhom #

- %u hinh H: A=7d8;5s8(coschuyn U& t9s qua =."2. HOA TINH

Tinh h+( :idu

1. Ta dung !i phi Ei" 4%u " E44%uE

G"#$ %"&' :T). T*KnV+' T#,' (0988.-79.-10! #/ 4@


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2. Ta dung !i ayi(

aW Xi )E%, ):-9%oa/ng

bW Xi )*=, ):-9c, nong

.hng phan ng

%u " 5/DE7c $%u+DE74" 4DE4" 4/4E

%u " 4/4JE5$%uJE5" JE4" 4/4E

&.Ta dung !i "ui

(6hc ion ng sau trong .a/y in hoa"

%u " 4AgDE7$%u+DE74" 4Ag

%u " 4NH%l7$4NH%l4" %u%l4

444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444

NHqN BI8T 'T \ION TONG 37NG 3ICHI. NG7_8N TmC$ Ta# ED( (ua h#l *aR hi

II. NHqN BI8T 37NG 3ICH

CATION ANIONCa(i#n HiDn (ng f Phng (=inh Ani#

n

HiDn (ng f Phng (=inh

Naf Bt$la mau *ang

NH,f &d ki,m$khimui khai+)anh Puim

D/5" " E/-$ D/7" /4E

NO&4 bt %u " mt a)it$dd mau )anh1 khinu x

7%u " 4DE7-"0/"$7%u4""4DE"5/4E

4DE " E4$4 DE4Ba2f &d /4JE5l $ t=ng1 ko tan /4JE5d

#a4" " JE54-$ #aJE5

\O,24 &d mui #a4"+mt a)it$t=ng ko tan

#a4" " JE54-$ #aJE5A&f &d ki,m d$kHo t=ng1 tan t=ong E/-d

Al7"" 7E/-$Al+E/7

Al+E/7" E/-$AlE4-" 4/4E

C4 &d AgDE7$t=ng

Ag"" %l-$ Ag%l

WX2f &d ki,m$t=ng )anh$onu +kokhNH4"" 4E/-$ NH+E/4

5NH+E/4" E4" 4/4E $ 5NH+E/7

CO&24 &d a)it$sui bot khi%E74-" 4/"$%E4" /4E

WX&f &d ki,m $onu

NH7""7E/-$NH+E/7Cu2f &d D/7$Lanh1 tao phc tan mau )anh

G"#$ %"&' :T). T*KnV+' T#,' (0988.-79.-10! #/ 49


27/164


28/164


BI TP 67_`N TPC+u 1.%ho hXn hYp bt Al1 NH *[o dung d`ch cha %u+DE74 *[ AgDE7 Jau khi c\c phn ng )C =a ho[n to[n1 thu YchXn hYp =n gZm ba kim lowi l[:

A.Al1 NH1 %u B. Al1 NH1 Ag C. Al1 %u1 Ag 3. NH1 %u1 AgC+u 2.%ho hXn hYp gZm NH *[ Sn *[o dung d`ch AgDE7 ^n khi c\c phn ng )C =a ho[n to[n1thu Yc dung d`ch L gZmhai muei *[ cht =n R gZm hai kim lowi /ai muei t=ong L l[

A.AgDE7 *[ Sn+DE74 B. NH+DE77 *[ Sn+DE74 C. NH+DE74 *[ AgDE7 3. Sn+DE74 *[ NH+DE74C+u &.%ho hXn hYp bt gZm 41 gam Al *[ @19 gam NH *[o @@; ml dung d`ch AgDE78> Jau khi c\c phn ng )C =a ho[nto[n1 thu Yc m gam cht =n


29/164


C+u 1.%ho 88179 gam hXn hYp gZm NH1 NHE1 NH4E71 NH7E5 phn ng h^t *_i dung d`ch /DE7 long +d1 thu Yc 81755 ltkh DE +sn phm kh duC nht1 q ktc *[ dung d`ch L % cwn dung d`ch L thu Yc m gam muei khan +c ho\ t= hai khng fi t=ong hYp cht t=ong hXn hYp kh %l4 *[ E4 Jauphn ng thu Yc 471; gam cht =n *[ th tch hXn hYp kh phn ng l[@19 lt +q ktc .im lowi > l[

A.#H B. %u C. %a 3. >gC+u 10.T=n @19 gam bt st *_i 415 gam bt lu hunh =Zi nung nng +t=ong iru kin khng c khng kh1 thu Yc hXnhYp =n > %ho > t\c d]ng *_i lYng d dung d`ch /%l1 gii phng hXn hYp kh L *[ cyn lwi mt phKn khng tan gE B. %u1 NH1 Sn1 >gE C.%u1 NH1 Sn1 >g 3. %u1 NHE1 SnE1 >gEC+u 2.%ho kh %E +d i *[o eng s nung nng vng hXn hYp L gZm Al4E71 >gE1 NH7E51 %uE thu Yc cht =n R %ho R*[o dung d`ch DaE/ +d1 khuC k1 thC cyn lwi phKn khng tan S gE1 NH7E51 %u B. >gE1 NH1 %u C. >g1 NH1 %u 3. >g1 Al1 NH1 %u

C+u 21.&n t t ! lt kh %E +q ktc i Pua mt eng s vng lYng d hXn hYp =n gZm %uE1 NH4E7+q nhit cao Jaukhi c\c phn ng )C =a ho[n to[n1 thu Yc kh L &n to[n b kh L q t=,n *[o lYng d dung d`ch %a+E/4thz two th[nh 5gam k^t ta


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C+u 2.DguC,n tc luCn thp t gang l[:A.Tng th,m h[m lYng cacbon t=ong gang thu Yc thpB.&ng cht kh %E kh o)it st th[nh st q nhit caoC. &ng %aE hoc %a%E7 kh twp cht Ji1 (1 J1 >n1~ t=ong gang thu Yc thp3.&ng E4o)i ho\ c\c twp cht Ji1 (1 J1 >n1~ t=ong gang thu Yc thp

C+u &.%ho dC c\c cht: D/5%l1 +D/54JE51 Da%l1 >g%l41 NH%l41 Al%l7 Je cht t=ong dC t\c d]ng *_i lYng d dung d`ch#a+E/4 two th[nh k^t ta l[A.7 B. @ C. 5 3. 8

C+u &1.%ho s Z phn ng: Da%l $ +L $ Da/%E7 $ +R $ DaDE7 L *[ R c th l[A.DaE/ *[ Da%lE B.Da%lE7 *[ Da4%E7C.DaE/ *[ Da4%E7 3.Da4%E7*[ Da%lE

C+u &2.T hai muei L *[ R thvc hin c\c phn ng sau:

Lot

L8 " %E4 L8 " /4E $ L4

L4 " R $ L " R8 " /4E L4 " 4R $ L " R4 " 4/4E/ai muei L1 R tng ng l[

A.%a%E71 Da/%E7 B.>g%E71 Da/%E7 C.%a%E71 Da/JE5 3.#a%E71 Da4%E7

C+u &&.>t mu n_c cng cha c\c ion: %a4"1 >g4"1-7/%E 1 %l-1

4-5JE %ht Yc dng l[m mrm mu n_c cng t=,n

l[ A./4JE5 B.Da/%E7 C. /%l 3.Da4%E7C+u &,./ai cht Yc dng l[m mrm n_c cng *nh cu l[

A.Da4%E7 *[ /%l B.Da%l *[ %a+E/4 C.Da4%E7 *[ %a+E/4 3.Da4%E7 *[ Da7(E54 5 (Y dZng ![i n[? ayi(? *a? "uMiC+u &-.%ho mt mu hYp kim Da-#a t\c d]ng *_i n_c +d1 thu Yc dung d`ch L *[ 7179 lt /4+ktc Th tch dung d`cha)it /4JE5 4> cKn dng t=ung ho[ dung d`ch L l[

A.7;ml B. 9;ml C. @ml 3. 8@;mlC+u &..hi cho 8;;ml dung d`ch .E/ 8> *[o 8;;ml dung d`ch /%l thu Yc dung d`ch c cha 91@4@ gam cht tan DZng mol +hoc molIl ca /%l t=ong dung d`ch dng l[

A.;1@> B. 8> C. ;1@> 3. ;14@>

C+u &/.%hia m gam Al th[nh hai phKn bjng nhau:

- (hKn mt t\c d]ng *_i lYng d dung d`ch DaE/1 sinh =a ) mol kh /4U

- (hKn hai t\c d]ng *_i lYng d dung d`ch /DE7long1 sinh =a C mol kh D4E +sn phm kh duC nht }uan h gia ) *[ Cl[A.) ' 5C B. ) ' C C.) ' 4C 3. C ' 4)

C+u &0.%ho hXn hYp gZm Da *[ Al c t| l se mol tng ng l[ 8 : 4 *[o n_c +d Jau khi c\c phn ng )C =a ho[n to[n1thu Yc 0129 lt kh /4+q ktc *[ m gam cht =n khng tan *[ o)it ca n *[o n_c1 thu Yc @;; ml dung d`ch cha mtcht tan c nZng ;1;5> *[ ;1445 lt kh /4 +q ktc .im lowi > l[

A.#a B.Da C. %a 3. .

C+u ,1./o[ tan ho[n to[n ;17 mol hXn hYp gZm Al *[ Al5%7*[o dung d`ch .E/ +d1 thu Yc a mol hXn hYp kh *[ dungd`ch L J]c kh %E4+d *[o dung d`ch L1 lYng k^t ta thu Yc l[ 5910 gam


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C+u ,,.%ho ;1550 lt kh %E4 +q ktc hp th] h^t *[o 8;; ml dung d`ch cha hXn hYp DaE/ ;1;9>*[ #a+E/4 ;184>1 thuYc m gam k^t ta 1 thu Yc dung d`chL % cwn dung d`ch L1thu Yc hXn hYp gZm c\c cht l[

A../4(E5 *[ .7(E5 B../4(E5 *[ /7(E5 C. ./4(E5 *[ .4/(E5 3. .7(E5 *[ .E/C+u ,/.%ho ;18 mol (4E@ *[o dung d`ch cha ;17@ mol .E/ &ung d`ch thu Yc c c\c cht:

A..7(E51 .4/(E5 B. .4/(E51 ./4(E5 C. /7(E51 ./4(E5 3. .7(E51 .E/

44-7%E (Y dZng Hf.

C+u ,0.%ho t t dung d`ch cha a mol /%l *[o dung d`ch cha b mol Da4%E7Zng thi khuC ru1 thu Yc ! lt kh +qktc *[ dung d`ch L .hi cho d n_c *i t=ong *[o dung d`ch L thC c )ut hin k^t ta #iu thc li,n h gia ! *_i a1 b l[:

A.! ' 8814+a - b B. ! ' 4415+a - b C. ! ' 4415+a " b 3. ! ' 8814+a " bC+u ,.&ung d`ch L cha hXn hYp gZm Da4%E7 81@> *[ ./%E7 8> Dhx t t tng git cho ^nh^t 4;; ml dung d`ch/%l 8> *[o 8;; ml dung d`ch L1 sinh =a ! lt kh +q ktc t\c d]ng h^t *_i dung d`ch /%l +d1 sinh=a ;1550 lt kh +q ktc .im lowi > l[

A.?i B. Fb C.Da 3. .C+u -1.Dhit phn ho[n to[n 5; gam mt lowi Pung lmit c ln twp cht t= sinh =a 0129 lt kh %E4+ktc Th[nh phKnphKn t=m *r khei lYng ca %a%E7>g%E7 t=ong lowi Pung n,u t=,n l[

A.05Q B. @;Q C. 24Q 3. 5;Q4 T>nh ng (>nh ea ArOHU&? nrOHU2.C+u -2.Dhx t t cho ^n d dung d`ch DaE/ *[o dung d`ch Al%l7 /in tYng )C =a l[

A.ch| c k^t ta kHo t=ng B. c k^t ta kHo t=ng1 sau k^t ta tanC. khng c k^t ta1 c kh baC l,n 3.c k^t ta kHo t=ng *[ c kh baC l,n

C+u -&.Dhx t t ;14@ lt dung d`ch DaE/ 81;5> *[o dung d`ch gZm ;1;45 mol NH%l7U ;1;89 molAl4+JE57 *[ ;1;5 mol/4JE5 thu Yc m gam k^t ta 1 sau phn ng thu Yc m gam k^t ta t\c d]ng *_i ! lt dung d`ch DaE/ ;1@>1 lYng k^t ta thu Yc l[ 8@19 gam *[o dung d`ch cha ;18 mol Al4+JE57*[ ;18 mol /4JE5^n khi phn ng ho[n to[n1thu Yc 10 gam k^t ta *[ DaE/ ;18> thu Yc dung d`ch L %ho t t dungd`ch L *[o 4;;ml dung d`ch Al4+JE57;18> thu Yc k^t ta R B thu Yc lYng k^t ta R l_n nht thz gi\ t=` ca m l[

A.812@ B. 818 C. 81@2 3. 818C+u -./o[ tan h^t m gam SnJE5 *[o n_c Yc dung d`ch L %ho 88; ml dung d`ch .E/ 4> *[o L1thu Yc a gam k^tta >t kh\c1 n^u cho 85; ml dung d`ch .E/ 4> *[o L thz cng thu Yc a gam k^t ta Thfi kh %E4 +d *[o R thu Yc a gam k^t ta


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A.5;1@ gam B. 5@1; gam C. @51; gam 3. 081; gamC+u 2.Dung hXn hYp bt gZm 8@14 gam %=4E7*[ m gam Al q nhit cao Jau khi phn ng ho[n to[n1 thu Yc 4717 gamhXn hYp =n L %ho to[n b hXn hYp L phn ng *_i a)it /%l +d tho\t =a ! lt kh /4+ktc gJE5

C+u /1.%ho 914 gam NH *[o dung d`ch cha ;17 mol /4JE5c1 nng +gi thi^t JE4l[ sn phm kh duC nht Jau khi phnng )C =a ho[n to[n1 thu Yc.

A.;1;7 mol NH4+JE57 *[ ;1;9 mol NHJE5 B.;1;@ mol NH4+JE57*[ ;1;4 mol NH dC. ;1;4 mol NH4+JE57 *[ ;1;0 mol NHJE5 3. ;184 mol NHJE5

C+u /2.Th tch dung d`ch /DE78> +long t nht cKn dng ho[ tan ho[n to[n mt hXn hYp gZm ;18@ mol NH *[ ;18@ mol%u l[ +bi^t phn ng two cht kh duC nht l[ DE.

A.;19 lt B. 81; lt C. 814 lt 3. ;10 ltC+u /&./ya tan ho[n to[n 84 gam hXn hYp NH1 %u +t| l mol 8:8 bjng a)it /DE71 thu Yc ! lt +ktc hXn hYp kh L +gZmDE *[ DE4 *[ dung d`ch R +ch| cha hai muei *[ a)it d T| khei ca L ei *_i /4bjng 82 1 ^n khi phn ng )C =a ho[n to[n1 thu Yc kh DE +sn phmkh duC nht *[ dung d`ch L &ung d`ch L c th ho[ tan tei a m gam %u


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C+u //..hi nung hXn hYp c\c cht NH+DE741 NH+E/7*[ NH%E7t=ong khng kh ^n khei lYng khng fi1 thu Yc mt cht=n l[

ANH4E7 B. NH C. NHE 3. NH7E5C+u /0./ya tan ho[n to[n NH7E5t=ong dung d`ch /4JE5long +d Yc dung d`ch L8 %ho lYng d bt NH *[o dung d`ch L8+t=ong iru kin khng c khng kh ^n khi phn ng )C =a ho[n to[n1 thu Yc dung d`ch L4 cha cht tan l[

A.NHJE5 B. NH4+JE57*[ /4JE5 C. NHJE5*[ /4JE5 3.NH4+JE57C+u /.%ho dC c\c cht: NHE1 NH+E/41 NHJE51 NH7E51 NH4+JE571 NH4E7 Je cht t=ong dC b` o)i ha khi t\c d]ng *_i dungd`ch /DE7c1 nng l[

A.5. B. @ C. 9 3. 7C+u 0.T=ong c\c cht: NH%l41 NH%l71 NH+DE741 NH+DE771 NHJE51 NH4+JE57 Je cht c c tnh o)i ho\ *[ tnh kh l[

A.5 B. @ C. 4 3. 7C+u 01.%ho tng cht: NH1 NHE1 NH+E/41 NH+E/71 NH7E51 NH4E71 NH+DE741 NH+DE771 NHJE51 NH4+JE571 NH%E7lKn lYt phnng *_i /DE7c1 nng Je phn ng thuc lowi phn ng o)i ho\ - kh l[

A.9 B. C. 0 3. @C+u 02./o[ tan @19 gam NH bjng dung d`ch /4JE5long +d1 thu Yc dung d`ch L &ung d`ch L phn ng *a *_i ! mldung d`ch .>nE5;1@>


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C+u ,.Dung mt hXn hYp =n gZm a mol NH%E7*[ b mol NHJ4t=ong bznh kn cha khng kh +d Jau khi c\c phn ng )C=a ho[n to[n1 a bznh *r nhit ban Ku1 thu Yc cht =n duC nht l[ NH4E7*[ hXn hYp kh #i^t \p sut kh t=ong bznht=_c *[ sau phn ng bjng nhau1 mei li,n h gia a *[ b l[ +bi^t sau c\c phn ng1 lu hunh q mc o)i ho\ "5

A.a ' 4b B. a ' 5b C. a ' b 3. a ' ;1@bC+u -.T=n @19 gam bt st *_i 415 gam bt lu hunh =Zi nung nng +t=ong iru kin khng c khng kh1 thu Yc hXn

hYp =n > %ho > t\c d]ng *_i lYng d dung d`ch /%l1 gii phng hXn hYp kh L *[ cyn lwi mt phKn khng tan


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C+u 1/./o[ tan ho[n to[n 8519 gam hXn hYp L gZm Al *[ Jn bjng dung d`ch /%l +d1 thu Yc @19 ltkh /4 +q ktc Thtch kh E4 +q ktc cKn phn ng ho[n to[n *_i 8519 gam hXn hYp L l[

A.410; lt B. 7124 lt C. 5150 lt 3. 8190 ltC+u 10..hi ho[ tan ho[n to[n ;1;4 mol Au bjng n_c cng toan thz se mol /%l phn ng *[ semol DE +sn phm kh duCnht two th[nh lKn lYt l[

A.;1;9 *[ ;1;8 B. ;1;7 *[ ;1;4 C. ;1;9 *[ ;1;4 3. ;1;7 *[ ;1;8C+u 1.Dung nng m gam (bJ ngo[i khng kh sau mt thi gian1 thu Yc hXn hYp =n +c cha mt o)it nng ;12@m gam(hKn t=m khei lYng (bJ b` et ch\C l[

A.5192Q B. 95190Q C. 2@1;;Q 3. 4@178QTng hp ni dung Y EiFn (hS ha ! (hu hng (=nh ph (hngC+u 11.% th dng DaE/ +q th =n l[m kh c\c cht kh.

A.D/71 E41 D41 %/51 /4 B.D41 DE41 %E41 %/51 /4 C.D/71 JE41 %E1 %l4 3.D41 %l41 E41 %E41 /4C+u 111.%ht dng l[m kh kh %l4 m l[

A.dung d`ch DaE/ B. n_c b=om C.dung d`ch #a+E/4 3.%aEC+u 112.B thu lC Ag tinh khi^t t hXn hYp L +gZm a mol Al4E71 b mol %uE1 c mol Ag4E1 ngi taho[ tan L bqi dung d`chcha +9a " 4b " 4c mol /DE7Yc dung d`ch R1 sau th,m +gi thi^thiu sut c\c phn ng ru l[ 8;;Q.

A.4c mol bt %u *[o R B. c mol bt Al *[o R C.4c mol bt Al *[o R 3. c mol bt %u *[o RC+u 11&.B phn bit %E4 *[ JE4 ch| cKn dng thuec th l[

A.dung d`ch DaE/ B. n_c b=om C.dung d`ch #a+E/4 3. %aEC+u 11,.B nhn bi^t ba a)it c1 ngui: /%l1 /4JE51 /DE7vng =i,ng bit t=ong ba l b` mt nhn1 ta dng thuec th l[A.Al B. %u C. NH 3. %uE

C+u 11-.% th phn bit 7 dung d`ch: .E/1 /%l1 /4JE5+long bjng mt thuec th l[A.giC Pu tm B. Al C. #a%E7 3. Sn

C+u 11.%h| dng dung d`ch .E/ phn bit Yc c\c cht =i,ng bit t=ong nhm n[o sau C6A.>g1 .1 Da B.NH1 Al4E71 >g C.Sn1 Al4E71 Al 3. >g1 Al4E71 Al

C+u 11/./Xn hYp L cha Da4E1 D/5%l1 Da/%E7*[ #a%l4c se mol mXi cht ru bjng nhau %ho hXn hYp L *[o /4E +d1un nng1 dung d`ch thu Yc cha.

A.Da%l1 DaE/ B.Da%l1 Da/%E71 D/5%l1 #a%l4C.Da%l1 DaE/1 #a%l4 3.Da%l

C+u 110.%ho ben hXn hYp1 mXi hXn hYp gZm hai cht =n c se mol bjng nhau: Da4E *[ Al4E7U %u *[ NH%l7U #a%l4 *[%uJE5U #a *[ Da/%E7 Je hXn hYp c th tan ho[n to[n t=ong n_c +d ch| two =a dung d`ch l[

A.4 B. 8 C. 7 3. 5C+u 11.% 5 dung d`ch muei =i,ng bit: %u%l41 Sn%l41 NH%l71 Al%l7 D^u th,m dung d`ch .E/ +d =Zi th,m ti^p dung d`chD/7+d *[o 5 dung d`ch t=,n thz se cht k^t ta thu Yc l[

A.4 B. 7 C. 5 3. 8C+u 12.T=ong c\c dung d`ch: /DE71 Da%l1 Da4JE51 %a+E/41 ./JE51 >g+DE74dC gZm c\c cht ru t\c d]ng Yc *_idung d`ch #a+/%E74 l[:

A.Da%l1 Da4JE51 %a+E/4 B. /DE71 Da%l1 Da4JE5C./DE71 %a+E/41 ./JE51 Da4JE5 3. /DE71 %a+E/41 ./JE51 >g+DE74

C+u 121.%ho c\c dung d`ch: /%l1 DaE/ c1 D/71 .%l Je dung d`ch phn ng Yc *_i %u+E/4 l[A.4 B. 8 C. 7 3. 5

C+u 122./Xn hYp =n L gZm Al1 NH4E7*[ %u c se mol bjng nhau /Xn hYp L tan ho[n to[n t=ong dung d`ch.A.AgDE7+d B. /%l +d C.D/7+d 3.DaE/ +d

C+u 12&.%ho dC c\c cht: .E/1 %a+DE741 JE71 Da/JE51 Da4JE71 .4JE5 Je cht t=ong dC two th[nh k^t ta khi phn ng*_i dung d`ch #a%l4l[

A.9 B. 7 C. 5 3. 4C+u 12,.% nm dung d`ch vng =i,ng bit t=ong nm eng nghim: +D/54JE51 NH%l41 %=+DE771 .4%E71Al+DE77 %ho dung d`ch #a+E/4 ^n d *[o nm dung d`ch t=,n Jau khi phn ng k^t thc1 se eng nghim c k^t ta l[

A.5 B. @ C. 7 3. 4C+u 12-.Th nghim n[o sau C c k^t ta sau phn ng6

A.%ho dung d`ch /%l ^n d *[o dung d`ch DaAlE4 +hoc DaAl+E/5B.Thfi %E4 ^n d *[o dung d`ch %a+E/4C. %ho dung d`ch DaE/ ^n d *[o dung d`ch %=+DE773.%ho dung d`ch D/7 ^n d *[o dung d ch Al%l7

G"#$ %"&' :T). T*KnV+' T#,' (0988.-79.-10! #/ 7@


36/164


37/164


C+u 1,.Thvc hin hai th nghim:8 %ho 7105 gam %u phn ng *_i 0; ml dung d`ch /DE78> tho\t =a !8 lt DE4 %ho 7105 gam %u phn ng *_i 0; ml dung d`ch cha /DE7 8> *[ /4JE5;1@ > tho\t =a !4lt DE#i^t DE l[ sn phm kh duC nht1 c\c th tch kh o q cng iru kin }uan h gia !8 *[ !4 l[

A.!4 ' 4!8 B. !4 ' 41@!8 C. !4 ' !8 3.!4 ' 81@!8

C+u 1,1.%ho 714 gam bt %u t\c d]ng *_i 8;; ml dung d`ch hXn hYp gZm /DE7;10> *[ /4JE5;14> Jau khi c\c phn ng)C =a ho[n to[n1 sinh =a ! lt kh DE +sn phm kh duC nht1 q ktc *[ /4JE5 ;14@> Jau khi c\c phn ng)C =a ho[n to[n1 thu Yc ;19m gam hXn hYp bt kim lowi *[ ! lt kh DE +sn phm kh duC nht1 q ktc *[ DaDE7;14> Jau khi c\c phn ng )C =a ho[n to[n1 thu Yc dung d`ch L *[ kh DE +sn phm kh duC nht %ho ! ml dung d`chDaE/ 8> *[o dung d`ch L thz lYng k^t ta thu Yc l[ l_n nht g t\c d]ng *_i dung d`ch /DE7+d Jau khi phn ng )C =a ho[n to[nthu Yc ;1029 lt kh DE+q ktc *[ dung d`ch L .hei lYng muei khan thu Yc khi l[m baC hidung d`ch L l[

A.91@4 gam B. 87124 gam C. 0100 gam 3. 87174 gamC+u 1,0./o[ tan ho[n to[n 84154 gam Al bjng dung d`ch /DE7 long +d1 thu Yc dung d`ch L *[81755 lt +q ktc hXnhYp kh R gZm hai kh l[ D4E *[ D4 T| khei ca hXn hYp kh R so *_i kh /4l[ 80 % cwn dung d`ch L1 thu Yc m gam cht=n khan ? ha h? dR (hF JiKn hun.C+u 1,.&C c\c ion )^p thHo chiru gim dKn tnh o)i ho\ l[ +bi^t t=ong dC in ha1 cp NH7"INH4"ng t=_c cp Ag"IAg:

A.Ag"1 NH7"1 %u4"1 NH4" B.NH7"1 Ag"1 %u4"1 NH4" C.NH7"1 NH4"1 %u4"1 Ag" 3. Ag"1 %u4"1 NH7"1 NH4"

C+u 1-.%ho c\c phn ng )C =a sau C:+8AgDE7 " NH+DE74 $ NH+DE77 " Ag+4>n " 4/%l $ >n%l4 " /4&C c\c ion Yc sp )^p thHo chiru tng dKn tnh o)i ho\ l[

A.Ag"1 NH7"1 /"1 >n4" B.Ag"1 >n4"1 /"1 NH7" C. >n4"1 /"1 Ag"1 NH7" 3. >n4"1 /"1 NH7"1 Ag"C+u 1-1.%ho c\c ion kim lowi: Sn4"1 Jn4"1 Di4"1 NH4"1 (b4" Th tv tnh o)i ho\ gim dKn l[

A.Sn4"Jn4" Di4" NH4" (b4" B. (b4" Jn4" Di4" NH4" Sn4"C. (b4" Jn4" NH4" Di4" Sn4" 3.Jn4" Di4" Sn4" (b4" NH4"

C+u 1-2.%ho phn ng ha hc: NH " %uJE5 $ NHJE5 " %u

T=ong phn ng t=,n )C =aA.sv o)i ha NH *[ sv kh %u4" B.sv o)i ha NH *[ sv o)i ha %uC.sv kh NH4"*[ sv o)i ha %u 3. sv kh NH4"*[ sv kh %u4"

C+u 1-&./ai kim lowi L1 R *[ c\c dung d`ch muei clo=ua ca chng c c\c phn ng ha hc sau:

L " 4R%l7 $ L%l4 " 4R%l4U

R " L%l4 $ R%l4 " L(h\t biu ng l[:

A.on R4"c tnh o)i ha mwnh hn ion L4" B..im lowi L kh Yc ion R4"C..im lowi L c tnh kh mwnh hn kim lowi R 3.on R7"c tnh o)i ha mwnh hn ion L4"

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C+u 1-,.Th tv mt se cp o)i ho\ - kh t=ong dC in ho\ nh sau: NH4"NHU %u4"I%uU NH7"INH4"%p cht Ehngphn ng *_i nhau l[

A.NH *[ dung d`ch %u%l4 B. dung d`ch NH%l4 *[ dung d`ch %u%l4C.%u *[ dung d`ch NH%l7 3. NH *[ dung d`ch NH%l7

C+u 1--.%p cht Ehng )C =a phn ng ho\ hc l[

A.%u " dung d`ch NH%l4 B.NH " dung d`ch NH%l7 C. %u " dung d`ch NH%l7 3. NH " dung d`ch /%lC+u 1-.B kh ion NH7"t=ong dung d`ch th[nh ion NH4"c th dng mt lYng d.A.kim lowi Ag B. kim lowi >g C. kim lowi #a 3. kim lowi %u

C+u 1-/.>nh r Ehng ng l[:A.NH4"o)i ho\ Yc %uB.Tnh o)i ha ca c\c ion tng thHo th tv: NH4"1 /"1 %u4"1 Ag"C.NH7"c tnh o)i ha mwnh hn %u4"3.NH kh Yc %u4"t=ong dung d`ch

C+u 1-0.B kh ion %u4"t=ong dung d`ch %uJE5 c th dng kim lowi.A.#a B. . C.Da 3. NH

C+u 1-.L l[ kim lowi phn ng Yc *_i dung d`ch /4JE5long1 R l[ kim lowi t\c d]ng Yc *_i dung d`ch NH+DE77 /aikim lowi L1 R lKn lYt l[ +bi^t th tv t=ong dC th^ in ho\: NH7"INH4" ng t=_c Ag"IAg.

A.Ag1 >g B. NH1 %u C. %u1 NH. 3. >g1 Ag

C+u 1.Th tv mt se cp o)i ho\ - kh t=ong dC in ho\ nh sau: >g4"I>gU NH4"INHU %u4"I%uU NH7"INH4"U Ag"IAg&C ch| gZm c\c cht1 ion t\c d]ng Yc *_i ion NH7" t=ong dung d`ch l[:A.NH1 %u1 Ag" B. >g1 %u1 %u4" C. >g1 NH4"1 Ag 3. >g1 NH1 %u

C+u 11.&C n[o sau C ch| gZm c\c cht *a t\c d]ng Yc *_i dung d`ch /%l1 *a t\c d]ng Yc *_i dung d`ch AgDE76A.NH1 Di1 Jn B. Al1 NH1 %uE C. /g1 Da1 %a 3. Sn1 %u1 >g

C+u 12..im lowi > phn ng Yc *_i: dung d`ch /%l1 dung d`ch %u+DE741 dung d`ch /DE7+c1 ngui .im lowi > l[A.Sn B. NH C. Ag 3. Al

mn "n JiKn ha? pin JiKn.C+u 1&.%ho c\c cp kim lowi nguC,n cht ti^p )c t=vc ti^p *_i nhau: NH *[ (bU NH *[ SnU NH *[ JnUNH *[ Di .hi nhng c\ccp kim lowi t=,n *[o dung d`ch a)it1 se cp kim lowi t=ong NH b` ph\ hut=_c l[

A.5 B. 4 C. 8 3. 7C+u 1,.%ho c\c hYp kim sau: %u-NH +U Sn-NH +U NH-% +U Jn-NH +! .hi ti^p )c *_i dung d`ch cht in li thz c\c hYpkim m[ t=ong NH ru b` n myn t=_c l[:

A.1 *[ B. 1 *[ ! C. 1 *[ ! 3. 1 *[ !C+u 1-.#i^t =jng ion (b4" t=ong dung d`ch o)i ha Yc Jn .hi nhng hai thanh kim lowi (b *[ JnYc nei *_i nhau bjngdC dn in *[o mt dung d`ch cht in li thz.

A.c (b *[ Jn ru b` n myn in ho\ B. ch| c (b b` n myn in ho\C.c (b *[ Jn ru khng b` n myn in ho\ 3. ch| c Jn b` n myn in ho\

C+u 1.% 5 dung d`ch =i,ng bit: a /%l1 b %u%l41 c NH%l71 d /%l c ln %u%l4 Dhng *[o mXi dung d`ch mt thanh NHnguC,n cht Je t=ng hYp )ut hin n myn in ho\ l[

A.7 B. 4 C. 8 3. ;

C+u 1/.Ti^n h[nh ben th nghim sau:

- Th nghim 8: Dhng thanh NH *[o dung d`ch NH%l7U

- Th nghim 4: Dhng thanh NH *[o dung d`ch %uJE5U- Th nghim 7: Dhng thanh %u *[o dung d`ch NH%l7U- Th nghim 5: %ho thanh NH ti^p )c *_i thanh %u =Zi nhng *[o dung d`ch /%l Je t=ng hYp )ut hin n myn in ho\ l[

A.4 B. 8 C. 5 3.7C+u 10.T=ong pin in ha Sn-%u1 Pu\ t=znh kh t=ong pin l[

A.Sn4 " 4H $ Sn B. %u $ %u4"" 4H C.%u4" " 4H $ %u 3. Sn $ Sn4" " 4H

C+u 1.%ho bi^t phn ng o)i ho\ - kh )C =a t=ong pin in ho\ NH - %u l[:NH " %u4" $ NH4" " %u U ; +NH4"INH ' - ;155 !1 ; +%u4"I%u ' " ;175 !Jut in ng chun ca pin in ho\ NH - %u l[

A.;18; ! B.8199 ! C. ;10 ! 3. ;124 !C+u 1/.%ho sut in ng chun o ca c\c pin in ho\: o+%u-L ' ;159!U o+R-%u ' 818!U o+S-%u ' ;15! +L1 R1S l[ ba kim lowi &C c\c kim lowi )^p thHo chiru tng dKn tnh kh t t=\i sang phi l[

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A.L1 %u1 S1 R B. S1 R1 %u1 L C. L1 %u1 R1 S 3. R1 S1 %u1 L

C+u 1/.%ho c\c th^ in cvc chun: 7"o

Al IAl ' -8199!U 4"

o

Sn ISn ' -;19!U 4"

o

(b I (b ' -;187!U 4"

o

%u I%u ' ";175! T=ong c\c

pin sau C1 pin n[o c sut in ng l_n nht:A . (in Sn - %u B.(in (b - %u B. (in Sn - (b 3. (in Al - Sn

C+u 1/1.%ho sut in ng chun ca c\c pin in ho\: Sn-%u l[ 818!U %u-Ag l[ ;159 ! #i^t th^ in cvc chun 4"oSn ISn *[

4"o

%u I%u c gi\ t=` lKn lYt l[:

A.-8159! *[ -;175! B. -;19! *[ ";175! C.-81@9! *[ ";195! 3."81@9! *[ ";195!C+u 1/2.>t pin in ho\ c in cvc Sn nhng t=ong dung d`ch SnJE5*[ in cvc %u nhng t=ong dung d`ch %uJE5 Jaumt thi gian pin phng in thz khei lYng.

A.c hai in cvc Sn *[ %u ru tng B.in cvc Sn tng cyn khei lYng in cvc %u gimC. in cvc Sn gim cyn khei lYng in cvc %u tng 3.c hai in cvc Sn *[ %u ru gim

%iKn ph+n? Jiou hF? (inh hF.C+u 1/&.DguC,n tc chung Yc dng iru ch^ kim lowi l[

A.cho hYp cht cha ion kim lowi t\c d]ng *_i cht o)i ho\B.o)i ho\ ion kim lowi t=ong hYp cht th[nh nguC,n t kim lowiC. cho hYp cht cha ion kim lowi t\c d]ng *_i cht kh3.kh ion kim lowi t=ong hYp cht th[nh nguC,n t kim lowi

C+u 1/,.&C gZm c\c kim lowi Yc iru ch^ t=ong cng nghip bjng phng ph\p in phn hYp cht nng chC ca chng1l[:

A.NH1 %a1 Al B.Da1 %a1 Sn C.Da1 %u1 Al 3.Da1 %a1 AlC+u 1/-./ai kim lowi c th Yc iru ch^ bjng phng ph\p in phn dung d`ch l[

A.Al *[ >g B. >g *[ Sn C.Da *[ NH 3. %u *[ AgC+u 1/.&C c\c kim lowi ru c th Yc iru ch^ bjng phng ph\p in phn dung d`ch muei ca chng l[:

A.>g1 Sn1 %u B. #a1 Ag1 Au C. Al1 NH1 %= 3. NH1 %u1 AgC+u 1//..hi in phn Da%l nng chC +in cvc t=1 twi catt )C =a.

A.sv o)i ho\ ion Da" B. sv o)i ho\ ion %l-. C. sv kh ion %l- 3. sv kh ion Da"C+u 1/0.Bin phn nng chC Al4E7 *_i anot than chz +hiu sut in phn 8;;Q thu Yc m kg Al qcatot *[ 914 m7 +qktc hXn hYp kh L c t| khei so *_i hi=o bjng 89 ?C 4145 lt +q ktc hXn hYpkh L s]c *[o dung d`ch n_c *i t=ong +dthu Yc 4 gam k^t ta +gi thi^t th tch dung d`ch khng thaCfi DZng ban Ku ca dung d`ch DaE/ l[ +cho %u ' 95.

A.;18@> B. ;1;@> C. ;18> 3. ;14>C+u 101.Bin phn c m[ng ngn @;; ml dung d`ch cha hXn hYp gZm %u%l4 ;18> *[ Da%l ;1@> +in cvc t=1 hiu sutin phn 8;;Q *_i cng dyng in @A t=ong 709; giC &ung d`ch thu Yc sau in phn c kh nng ho[ tan m gamAl g *[ Sn bjng mt lYng *a dungd`ch /4JE5long1 thu Yc81755 lt hi=o +ktc *[ dung d`ch cha m gam muei g1 Al bjng @;; ml dung d`ch hXn hYp /%l 8> *[ /4JE5;140> thuYc dung d`ch L *[ 0179 lt kh /4+ktc % cwn dung d`ch L thu Yc lYng muei khan l[

A.8;710@ gam B. 4@12@ gam C. 109 gam 3. 70127 gam

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C+u 10-.%ho 871@ gam hXn hYp c\c kim lowi Al1 %=1 NH t\c d]ng *_i lYng d dung d`ch /4JE5long nng +t=ong iru kinkhng c khng kh1 thu Yc dung d`ch L *[ 105 lt kh /4+q ktc% cwn dung d`ch L +t=ong iru kin khng c khng khYc m gam muei khan g1 Al *[o 4@; ml dung d`ch L cha hXn hYp a)it /%l 8> *[ a)it /4JE5;1@>1 thu Yc @174

lt /4+q ktc *[ dung d`ch R +coi th tch dung d`ch khng fi &ung d`ch R c p/ l[A. B. 8 C. 4 3. 9C+u 10/.%ho 819 gam hXn hYp gZm hai kim lowi q 4 chu k li,n ti^p thuc nhm A t\c d]ng h^t *_i dung d`ch /%l +d1tho\t =a ;194 lt kh /4+q ktc /ai kim lowi l[

A.%a *[ J= B. J= *[ #a C. >g *[ %a 3. #H *[ >gC+u 100.%ho m gam hXn hYp L gZm Al1 %u *[o dung d`ch /%l +d1 sau khi k^t thc phn ng sinh=a 7179 lt kh +q ktcD^u cho m gam hXn hYp L t=,n *[o mt lYng d a)it nit=ic +c1 ngui1 saukhi k^t thc phn ng sinh =a 914 lt kh DE4+snphm kh duC nht1 q ktc t kh\c1khi cho 812 gam L t\c d]ng *_i lYng d dung d`ch/4JE5long1 thz th tch kh hi=o sinh =a cha^n 8184 lt +q ktc .im lowi L l[

A.%a B. J= C. >g 3. #a

C+u 1./o[ tan ho[n to[n hXn hYp L gZm NH *[ >g bjng mt lYng *a dung d`ch /%l 4;Q1 thu Yc dung d`ch RDZng ca NH%l4 t=ong dung d`ch R l[ 8@19Q DZng phKn t=m ca >g%l4t=ong dung d`ch R l[A.8@19Q B. 40148Q C. 8812Q 3. 45145Q

5 (Y dZng HNO&? H2\O,J].C+u 11.%ho hXn hYp NH1 %u phn ng *_i dung d`ch /DE7long Jau khi phn ng ho[n to[n1 thuYc dung d`ch ch| chamt cht tan *[ kim lowi d %ht tan l[

A.NH+DE77 B. /DE7 C. NH+DE74 3. %u+DE74C+u 12.%ho hXn hYp L gZm >g *[ NH *[o dung d`ch a)it /4JE5c1 nng ^n khi c\c phn ng)C =a ho[n to[n1 thu Ycdung d`ch R *[ mt phKn NH khng tan %ht tan c t=ong dung d`ch R l[

A.>gJE51 NH4+JE57 *[ NHJE5 B. >gJE5C.>gJE5 *[ NHJE5 3. >gJE5 *[ NH4+JE57

C+u 1&.Th tch dung d`ch /DE78> +long t nht cKn dng ho[ tan ho[n to[n mt hXn hYp gZm ;18@ mol NH *[ ;18@mol %u l[ +bi^t phn ng two cht kh duC nht l[ DE.

A.;19 lt B. 81; lt C. ;10 lt 3. 814 ltC+u 1,.%ho 719 gam >g t\c d]ng h^t *_i dung d`ch /DE7+d1 sinh =a 4145 lt kh L +sn phm kh duC nht1 q ktc .hL l[

A.D4E B.D4 C.DE4 3.DEC+u 1-./ya tan ho[n to[n 84 gam hXn hYp NH1 %u +t| l mol 8:8 bjng a)it /DE71 thu Yc ! lt +ktc hXn hYp kh L +gZmDE *[ DE4 *[ dung d`ch R +ch| cha hai muei *[ a)it d T| khei ca L ei *_i /4 bjng 82 g *[o dung d`ch /DE7 long1 thu Yc dung d`ch L *[ 71879 lt+q ktc hXn hYp R gZm hai kh khng m[u1 t=ong c mt kh ha nu t=ong khng kh .hei lYng ca R l[ @180 gam%ho dung d`ch DaE/ +d *[o L *[ un nng1 khng c kh mi khai tho\t =a (hKn t=m khei lYng ca Al t=ong hXnhYp ban Ku l[

A.8;1@4Q B. 821@7Q C. 8@14@Q 3. 8410;QC+u 1/.%ho 914 gam NH *[o dung d`ch cha ;17 mol /4JE5c1 nng +gi thi^t JE4l[ sn phm kh duC nht Jau khiphn ng )C =a ho[n to[n1 thu Yc.

A.;1;4 mol NH4+JE57 *[ ;1;0 mol NHJE5 B.;1;@ mol NH4+JE57 *[ ;1;4 mol NH dC. ;184 mol NHJE5 3. ;1;7 mol NH4+JE57 *[ ;1;9 mol NHJE5

C+u 10.%ho 71;45 gam mt kim lowi > tan h^t t=ong dung d`ch /DE7 long1 thu Yc 25;10 ml khD)EC +sn phm khduC nht1 q ktc c t| khei ei *_i /4 bjng 44 .h D)EC *[ kim lowi > l[

A.D4E *[ Al B.D4E *[ NH C.DE *[ >g 3.DE4 *[ Al\TC+u 1: DguC,n te L c in tch hwt nhn l[ 49 %u hznh HlHct=on ca L1 chu k *[ nhm t=ong h theng tuKnho[n lKn lYt l[:A8s44s44p97s47p97d91 chu k 7 nhm !# # 8s44s44p97s47p97d95s41 chu k 5 nhm A

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%8s44s44p97s47p97d@1 chu k 7 nhm !# & 8s44s44p97s47p97d95s41 chu k 5 nhm !#C+u 2/ se ng t=_c NH%l4U NH%l7 phn ng NH)EC" /%l NH%l4 " NH%l7" /4E cn bjng se nguC,n tc\c nguC,n te l[: A.+C-)U +7)-4C B.+4)-7CU +4)-4C C.7)-CU +4C-4) 3.+7)-4CU +4C-4)C+u 22% bao nhi,u phn ng )C =a khi cho c\c cht sau t\c d]ng *_i nhau: NH%l4" %u1 NH%l4" #=41 NH%l4"DaE/1 NH%l4" Da4J1 NH%l4" /4J1 NH+DE74" AgDE71 NH%l7" NH1 NH%l7" %u1 NH%l7" /4J1 NH%l7" AgDE7

A.0 B. C.9 3.@C+u 2&%u hznh HlHct=on n[o sau C l[ ca ion NH7"+S ' 49 :A.8s44s44p97s47p97d9 B.8s44s44p97s47p97d@ C.8s44s44p97s47p97d95s4 3.8s44s44p97s47p97d95s8C+u 2,%ho hXn hYp NH *[ %u *[o dd /DE7khuC k phn ng )C =a ho[n to[n B thu Yc dd ch| chamuei st cKn lC: A.d NH B./DE7long C.d %u 3.d /DE7C+u 2-%ho hXn hYp NH *[ %u *[o dd /DE7long1 sau khi phn ng )C =a ho[n to[n thC dd ch| cha 8 cht tan%ht tan l[6 A.NH+DE77 B./DE7 C.NH+DE74 3.%u+DE74C+u 2/C cho bi^t phn ng n[o sau C l[ mt t=ong nhng phn ng )C =a t=ong Pu\ t=znh luCn thp6A.%E " 7NH4E7+to cao $ 4NH7E5 " %E4 B.>n " NHE +to cao $ >nE " NHC.%E " NH7E5+to cao $ 7NHE " %E4 3.%E " NHE+to cao $ NH " %E4C+u 2/T=ong c\c cp kim lowi sau: +8 >g1 NH +4 NH1 %u +7 NH1 Ag %p kim lowi khi t\c d]ng *_i dung d`ch/DE7c th two =a dung d`ch cha tei a 7 muei + khng k t=ng hYp two D/5DE7 l[:A.+8 B.+8 *[ +4 C.+4 *[ +7 3.+8 *[ +4 *[ +7C+u 20.hi cho hfn hYp NH4E7*[ %u *[o dung d`ch /4JE5long d thu Yc cht =n L *[ dung d`ch R &C n[od_i C gZm c\c cht ru t\c d]ng Yc *_i dung d`ch R6A.#=41 DaDE71 .>nE5 B..1 D/71 D/5%l C.DaE/1 Da4JE51 %l4 3.#a%l41 /%l1 %l4C+u 2%ho bi^t hin tYng )C =a khi t=n ln c\c dung d`ch NH%l 7*[ Da4%E7A..^t ta t=ng *[ si bt kh B..^t ta t=ng )anh sau chuCn dKn sang k^t ta x nu *[ si bt khC..^t ta x nu1 sau tan 3..^t ta nu x *[ si bt khC+u 21%ho bi^t c\c phn ng )C =a sau :

4NH#=4"#=4 4NH#=7 4Da#="%l4 4Da%l"#=4(h\t biu ng l[ :

A.Tnh o)i ha ca %l4 mwnh hn ca NH7"

B.Tnh kh ca #=

mwnh hn ca NH4"

C.Tnh o)i ho\ ca #=4mwnh hn ca %l4 3.Tnh kh ca %l-mwnh hn ca #=

C+u 211>uei NH4" l[m mt m[u dung d`ch .>nE5q mi t=ng a)it cho =a ion NH7"cyn ion NH7"t\c d]ng *_i cho =a 4*[ NH4" Jp )^p c\c cht o)i ha NH7"1 41 >nE5thHo th tv mwnh tng dKn :A.4M >nE5M NH7" B.>nE5M NH7"M 4 C.NH7"M 4M >nE5 3.4M NH7"M >nE5C+u 212%ho hXn hYp Al *[ NH t\c d]ng *_i dung d`ch cha Zng thi AgDE7*[ %u+DE74thu Yc dung d`ch #*[ cht =n & gZm 7 kim lowi Th[nh phKn cht =n & gZm:A.NH1 %u *[ Ag B.Al1 NH *[ Ag C.Al1 NH *[ %u 3.Al1 %u *[ AgC+u 21&(hn ng n[o sau C ./D< phi phn ng o)i ho\ - kh :

A.NH " /4JE5 B.4NHE " 5/4JE51 nong

C.9NH%l4" 7#=4 3.NH7E5" 5/4JE5loa3ngC+u 21,%ho tng cht: NH1 NHE1 NH+E/41 NH+E/71 NH7E51 NH4E71 NH+DE741 NH%E71 NHJE51 NHJ1 lKn lYt phn ng*_i /DE7c1 nng Je phn ng thuc lowi phn ng o)i ho\ - kh l[

A.9 B.@ C.0 3.C+u 21-%ho mt t bt NH *[o dd /DE7long1 khi phn ng )C =a ho[n to[n thu Yc dd A .^t lun n[o sau Cl[ khng ng *r dd A6A.dd A c th cha ion NH7"1 /"*[ DE7- B.dd A c th cha ion NH4"1 /"*[ DE7-C.dd A c th cha ion NH4"*[ DE7- 3.dd A c th cha ion NH4"1 NH7"*[ DE7-C+u 21?owi phn ng n[o sau C khng )C =a t=ong Pu\ t=znh luCn gang6A.(hn ng two )| B.phn ng two cht kh kh

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C.phn ng o)i ho\ >n1 Ji1 (1 J 3.(hn ng kh o)it st th[nh stC+u 21/Dhn )t *r kh nng phn ng ca dd muei st + *_i c\c kim lowi t=ong dC in ho\ thz iru khngng l[:A.ion NH7"b` c\c kim lowi t NH ^n %u kh th[nh NH4" B.ion NH7"khng o)ihoa Yc c\c kim lowiAg t=q iC.c\c kim lowi t >g ^n Sn kh Yc NH7"th[nh NH4"hoc NH3.ion NH7"o)ihoa Yc tt c c\c kim lowi t . ^n %u

C+u 210%ho dC bi^n ha sau:>Xi mi t,n l[ mt phng t=znh phn ng T=ong c\c \p \n sau C A1 #1 %1 & thHo th tv l[ c\c cht tng ng/C chn \p \n sai

A.NH7E5U NH%l4U NH%l7U NH+DE77 B.NHEU NH4+JE57U NHJE5U NH+DE77C.NH7E5U NH+DE74U NH+DE77U NH+E/7 3.NHEU NHJE5U NH4+JE57U NH+E/7

C+u 21T=ong c\c phn ng sau1 phn ng n[o sai6A.NH " %l4-- NH%l4 B.NH " 4/%l -- NH%l4" /4

C.%u " NH4+JE57-- 4NHJE5" %uJE5 3.NH " NH4+JE57-- 7NHJE5

C+u 22%ho %u *[o dung d`ch NH4+JE57ta thu Yc dung d`ch c m[u )anh lam nhwt B l[ do )C =a phn ng:A.%u " NH4+JE57$ %uJE5" NH B.%u " NH4+JE57$ %uJE5" NHJE5C.%u " 8I4 E4" /4E $ %u+E/4 3.%u+E/4" NH4+JE57$ %uJE5" 4NHJE5" /4E4

C+u 221T=ong hai cht NHJE51 NH4+JE57cht n[o phn ng Yc *_i dung d`ch . 1 dung d`ch .>nE5t=ong mit=ng a)it 6

A.NHJE5*_i dung d`ch .>nE5U NH4+JE57*_i . B.NHJE5*[ NH4+JE57ru t\c d]ng *_i .>nE5C.NHJE5*[ NH4+JE57ru t\c d]ng *_i . 3.NHJE5*_i dung d`ch . U NH4+JE57*_i .>nE5

C+u 222%ho c\c cht *[ hXn hYp sau:+%l41 +41 +/DE71 +!/4JE5c1 ngui1 +! hXn hYp a)it /%l *[ mueiDaDE7 .hi cho NH t\c d]ng *_i cht n[o t=ong se c\c cht t=,n thz two Yc cht t=ong st c ho\ t=`

A.+1 + B.+1 +1 +! C.+1 +1 + 3.+1 +1 +!C+u 22&%ho o)it st NH)ECt\c d]ng *_i dung d`ch a)it /4JE5 c1 nng thu Yc mt sn phm kh c th l[m mtm[u c\nh hoa hZng %ng thc ho\ hc n[o khng th l[ ca lowi o)it st ni t=,n 6

A.NH4E7 B.NH7E5 C.NHE 3.# *[ % ngC+u 22,>t lowi Pung cha st t=ong tv nhi,n Yc lowi bx twp cht /o[ tan Pung n[C t=ong dung d`ch a)itnit=ic thC c kh m[u nu baC =a1dung d`ch thu Yc cho t\c d]ng *_i ba=i clo=ua thC c k^t ta t=ng + khng tant=ong a)it/C cho bi^t t,n1 th[nh phKn ho\ hc ca Pung 6

A.LiH=it NH%E7 B.>anhHtit NH7E5 C./Hmatit NH4E7 3.(i=it NHJ4C+u 22->t lowi Pung st lowi twp cht hya tan t=ong dung d`ch /4JE5long d thu Yc mt dung d`ch *al[m mt m[u thuec tm *a hya tan bt %uT,n ca Pung l[:A.(i=it NHJ4 B.>anhHtit NH7E5 C.LidH=it NH%E7 3./Hmatit NH4E7C+u 22%ho NH tan h^t t=ong /DE7long th[nh dung d`ch A %hia dung d`ch A th[nh hai phKn bjng nhau: cho bt%u *[o phKn 81 %u tan dKn %ho dung d`ch AgDE7*[o phKn 4 thz thC c k^t ta )ut hin !C dung d`ch A gZmc\c cht:A./DE7*[ NH+DE77 B./DE71 NH+DE74*[ NH+DE77C.NH+DE74*[ NH+DE77 3./DE7*[ NH+DE74C+u 22/B phn bit NH4E7*[ NH7E5ta dng dung d`ch:A./4JE5long B./DE7 C./%l 3.DaE/C+u 220&ng thuec th n[o sau C c th phn bit Yc dung d`ch NH4+JE57*[ dung d`ch NH4+JE57c lnNHJE56A.&ung d`ch #a+E/4 B.&ung d`ch D/7 C.&ung d`ch DaE/ 3.&ung d`ch .>nE5I/4JE5C' f CLC 5I' 6O9I 5HLCC+u 22%ho cn bjng ha hc: 4%=E5-" 4/"' %=4E4-" /4E %n bjng s chuCn d`ch thHo chiru n[o t=ong hait=ng hYp: +8 pha long *[ +4 th,m #a%l4*[o:

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A.+8 Dgh`ch U +4 Dgh`ch B.+8 .hng chuCn d`ch U +4 ThunC.+8 .hng chuCn d`ch U +4 Dgh`ch 3.+8 Thun U +4 Thun

C+u 2&%ho th^ in cvc chun +o ca cp %=4E4-I4%=7"l_n hn cp NH7"INH4" (hn ng )C =a twi p/ ' ; !Cphng t=znh ion thu gn nht ca phn ng:

.4%=4E" NHJE5" /4JE5 NH4+JE57" %=4+JE57" .4JE5" /4Ec tfng c\c h se l[:A.7@ B.79 C.7 3.70

C+u 2&1%ho c\c phng t=znh phn ng sau:+8 4%= " 7%l4 4%=%l7 +4 %= " 4/4E +hi $ %=+E/4" /4+7 %=E7 " /4E $ /4%=E5+5 4%=E7" /4E $/4%=4E +@ 4Di " 7%l4 4Di%l7+9 %uE " %u %u4E+ 4Ag " /4J Ag4J " /4 +0 Jn " /4JE5+long $ JnJE5" /4Je phng t=znh phn ng Yc *i^t ng l[:

A.@ B. C.5 3.9C+u 2&2%ho phn ng ho\ hc sau: %=%l7" DaE%l " DaE/ Da4%=E5" Da%l " /4E / se cn bjng ca /4E

t=ong phn ng t=,n l[:A.7 B.@ C.9 3.5C+u 2&&/in tYng )C =a khi cho *[i git dung d`ch /4JE5*[o dung d`ch muei Da4%=E5l[:

A.dung d`ch c m[u da cam m hn B.dung d`ch chuCn sang m[u *[ngC.dung d`ch c m[u *[ng m hn 3.dung d`ch chuCn sang m[u da cam

C+u 2&,.hi cho dung d`ch /%l c1 d *[o .4%=E5thz dung d`ch chuCn th[nh:A.>[u *[ng B.>[u da cam C..hng m[u 3.>[u )anh

C+u 2&-%ht =n m[u l]c 1 tan t=ong dung d`ch /%l Yc dung d`ch A %ho A t\c d]ng *_i DaE/ *[ b=om Ycdung d`ch m[u *[ng1 cho dung d`ch /4JE5*[o lwi th[nh m[u da cam %ht =n l[:

A.%= B.%=E C.%=4E 3.%=4E7C+u 2&/ya tan %=4E7*[o lYng d dung d`ch DaE/1 sau th,m b=om *[o dung d`ch phn ng h^t *_ihYp cht ca c=om Jau phn ng thu Yc dung d`ch A !C dung d`ch A c m[u:

A.![ng B.&a cam C.Lanh tm 3..hng m[uC+u 2&/.hi nung mt cht bt m[u l]c L *_i potat n da *[ c mt khng kh chuCn th[nh cht R c m[u*[ng *[ d tan t=ong n_c1 cht R t\c d]ng *_i a)it two th[nh cht S c m[u x da cam %ht S b` lu hunh khth[nh cht L *[ o)i ho\ a)it clohi=ic th[nh clo %ng thc phn t ca c\c cht L1 R1 S lKn lYt l[:A.%=4E71 .4%=E51 .4%=4E B.%=4E71 .4%=4E1 .4%=E5C.%=4E71 Da4%=E51 Da4%=4E 3.%=4E71 Da4%=4E1 Da4%=E5C+u 2&0/in tYng n[o d_i C m t Ehng JVng6A.Th,m dung d`ch a)it *[o dung d`ch .4%=E5thz dung d`ch chuCn t m[u *[ng sang m[u da camB.Th,m t t dung d`ch DaE/ *[o dung d`ch %=%l7thC )ut hin k^t ta m[u *[ng sau k^t ta tan dKnC.Th,m dung d`ch kirm *[o dung d`ch muei ic=omat thC muei n[C chuCn t m[u da cam sang m[u *[ng3.Th,m t t dung d`ch /%l *[o dung d`ch Da%=+E/5 thC )ut hin k^t ta m[u l]c )\m sau k^t ta tanC+u 2&(h\t biu n[o sau C Ehng JVng6

A.#aJE5*[ #a%=E5ru l[ nhng cht khng tan t=ong n_cB./4JE5*[ /4%=E5ru l[ a)it c tnh o)i ha mwnhC.NH+E/4*[ %=+E/4ru l[ ba *[ l[ cht kh3.Al+E/7*[ %=+E/7ru l[ cht lng tnh *[ *a c tnh o)i ha *a c tnh khC+u 2,Th,m mt t tinh th .4%=4E+lYng bjng hwt u )anh *[o eng nghim1 th,m khong 8ml n_c ct ?ceng nghim cho tinh th tan h^t1 thu Yc dung d`ch L Th,m *[i git dung d`ch .E/ *[o dung d`ch L thu Ycdung d`ch R >[u sc ca dung d`ch L *[ R lKn lYt l[:

A.>[u *[ng chanh *[ m[u nu x B.>[u *[ng chanh *[ m[u x da camC.>[u x da cam *[ m[u *[ng chanh 3.>[u nu x *[ m[u *[ng chanh

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C+u 2,1$/i thu ngn =t c1 bqi *C khi l[m * nhit k^ thu ngn thz cht bt Yc dng =c l,n thu ngn=Zi gom lwi l[: A. *i seng B. c\t C. lu hunh 3. muei nC+u 2,2$/in tYng t=\i t nng l,n do hiu ng nh[ knh ch C^u l[ do cht n[o sau C6

A. .h cacbonic B. .h clo C. .h hid=oclo=ua 3. .h cacbon o)itC+u 2,&$T| l se ngi ch^t *r bnh phfi do ht thuec l\ gp h[ng ch]c lKn se ngi khng ht thuec l[ %ht gCnghin *[ gC ung th c t=ong thuec l\ l[ : A.nicotin B.aspi=in C.caWHin 3.moocphinC+u 2,,$T\c nhn ch C^u gC ma a)it l[

A. %E *[ %/5 B. %/5 *[ D/7 C. JE4 *[ DE4 3. %E *[ %E4C+u 2,-$.hng kh t=ong phyng th nghim b` nhim bn bqi kh clo B kh c1 c th )`t *[o khng kh dungd`ch n[o sau C6A.&ung d`ch /%l B.&ung d`ch D/7 C.&ung d`ch /4JE5 3.&ung d`ch Da%lC+u 2,$&n khng kh b` nhim i Pua giC lc tm dung d`ch (b+DE74thC dung d`ch )ut hin m[u Hn.hng kh b` nhim bn kh n[o sau C6 A. %l4 B. /4J C. JE4 3.DE4C+u 2,/$Dgun nng lng nao sau C lanng lng nhn tao6

A. >t t=i B thuC i,n C


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448A 444# 447A 445& 44@# 449% 44# 440& 442A 47;#478& 474# 477& 475# 47@& 479A 47A 470# 472& 45;%458% 454A 457A 455% 45@# 459# 45& 450# 452% 4@;%

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BAI &: >T J!D B!/EA BA %Dg +S ' 84 &C gZm c\c nguC,n te Yc sp )^p thHochiru gim dKn b\n knh nguC,n t t t=\i sang phi l[:

A. .1 >g1 D1 Ji B. >g1 .1 Ji1 D C. .1 >g1 Ji1 D 3.D1 Ji1 >g1 .C+u 0. &C c\c nguC,n te sp )^p thHo chiru tng dKn tnh phi kim t t=\i sang phi l[:

A. (1 D1 E1 N B. (1 D1 N1 E C.D1 (1 N1 E 3.D1 (1 E1 NC+u . /Yp cht t=ong phn t c li,n k^t ion l[

A.D/5%l B. /%l C.D/7 3. /4EC+u 1. &C gZm c\c cht t=ong phn t ch| c li,n k^t cng ho\ t=` phn cvc l[:

A. /%l1 E71 /4J B. /4E1 /N1 /4J C. E41 /4E1 D/7 3. /N1 %l41 /4EC+u 11.DguC,n t ca nguC,n te L c cu hznh HlHct=on 8s44s44p97s47p95s81 nguC,n t ca nguC,nte R c cu hznhHlHct=on 8s44s44p@ ?i,n k^t ho\ hc gia nguC,n t L *[ nguC,n t R thuc lowi li,n k^t .

A. cho nhn B. kim lowi C. cng ho\ t=` 3. ionC+u 12. (h\t biu n[o sau C l[ ng 6A. th =n1 Da%l tZn twi d_i dwng tinh th phn t B. (hotpho t=ng c cu t=c tinh th nguC,n tC..im cng c cu t=c tinh th phn t 3.D_c \ thuc lowi tinh th phn t

C+u1&. &C gZm c\c ion L"1 R- *[ nguC,n t S ru c cu hznh HlHct=on 8s4

4s4

4p9

l[:A. ."1 %l-1 A= B.Da"1 N-1 DH C.Da"1 %l-1 A= 3. ?i"1 N-1 DH3ng 1$ vY Jt nguC,n t ca nguC,n te L c tfng se hwt p=oton1 nt=on1 HlHct=on l[ @4 *[ c se khei l[ 7@ Je hiu nguC,nt ca nguC,n te L l[

A. 8 B. 8@ C. 47 3. 80C+u 1-.DguC,n t ca nguC,n te L c tfng se hwt HlHct=on t=ong c\c phn l_p p l[ Je hwt mangin ca mt nguC,nt R nhiru hn se hwt mang in ca mt nguC,n t L l[ 0 hwt %\c nguC,n te L*[ R lKn lYt l[ +bi^t se hiu nguC,n tca nguC,n te: Da ' 88U Al ' 87U ( ' 8@U %l ' 8U NH ' 49 .

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A. Al *[ ( B. NH *[ %l C. Al *[ %l 3.Da *[ %lC+u 1. T=ong hYp cht ion LR +L l[ kim lowi1 R l[ phi kim1 se HlHct=on ca cation bjng se HlHct=on ca anion *[ tfng seHlHct=on t=ong LR l[ 4; #i^t t=ong mi hYp cht1 R ch| c mt mc o)i ha duC nht %ng thc LR l[

A.DaN B.AlD C. >gE 3.?iN

C+u 1/./% A Yc two th[nh t ion >

"

*[ ion L

4-

Tfng se 7 lowi hwt t=ong A l[ 895 Tfng se c\c hwt mang in t=ongion >"l_n hn tfng se hwt mang in t=ong ion L4-l[ 9 T=ong nguC,n t > 1 se hwt p=oton t hn se hwt nt=on l[ 8 hwt 1t=ong nguC,n t L se hwt p=oton bjng se hwt nt=on > *[ L l[A.5 ! O B. Na ! \ C. 6i ! \ 3. 5 ! \C+u 10.Tfng se hwt p=oton1 nt=on 1 HlHct=on t=ong hai nguC,n t ca nguC,n te L *[ R l[ 29 t=ong tfng se hwt mangin nhiru hn tfng se hwt khng mang in l[ 74 Je hwt mang in ca nguC,n t R nhiru hn ca L l[ 89 L *[ R lKnlYt l[A. 'g ! Ca B. BX ! 'g C. Ca ! \= 3. Na ! Ca3ng 2$ *i (p !o Jng !' 3< @*$'/a FS J@ 6#'/ ">' / 1


49/164


30. C#@"$' 43b% #'"$'Y2_ a m' @*$' n' B '/$" q'/ 2-. \Z"> # '/k' @S 4


50/164


C+u ,,$C+u ,,$DguC,n t ca nguC,n te # c tfng se hwt c bn l[ 75 Je hwt mang in gp 810777 lKn se hwt khngDguC,n t ca nguC,n te # c tfng se hwt c bn l[ 75 Je hwt mang in gp 810777 lKn se hwt khngmang in DguC,n te # l[mang in DguC,n te # l[

A.A.Da +S'88Da +S'88 B.B.>g +S'84>g +S'84 C.C.Al +S'87Al +S'87 3.3.%l +S'8%l +S'8C+u ,-$C+u ,-$Tfng se hwt p1 H1 n t=ong nguC,n t nguC,n te L l[ 8; DguC,n te L l[Tfng se hwt p1 H1 n t=ong nguC,n t nguC,n te L l[ 8; DguC,n te L l[

A.A.?i +S'7?i +S'7 B.B.#H +S'5#H +S'5 C.C.D +S'D +S' 3.3.DH +S'8;DH +S'8;C+u ,$C+u ,$/Yp cht >L/Yp cht >L77c tfng se hwt mang in l[ 840 T=ong hYp cht1 se p ca nguC,n t L nhiru hn se p cac tfng se hwt mang in l[ 840 T=ong hYp cht1 se p ca nguC,n t L nhiru hn se p canguC,n t > l[ 70 %ng thc ca hYp cht t=,n l[nguC,n t > l[ 70 %ng thc ca hYp cht t=,n l[

A.A.NH%lNH%l77 B.B.Al%lAl%l77 C.C.NHNNHN77 3.3.Al#=Al#=77

C+u ,/$C+u ,/$Tfng se hwt mang in t=ong ionTfng se hwt mang in t=ong ion 2_3AP bjng 04 Je hwt mang in t=ong nhn nguC,n t A nhiru hn se hwtbjng 04 Je hwt mang in t=ong nhn nguC,n t A nhiru hn se hwtmang in t=ong nhn ca nguC,n t # l[ 0 Je hiu nguC,n t A *[ # +thHo th tv l[mang in t=ong nhn ca nguC,n t # l[ 0 Je hiu nguC,n t A *[ # +thHo th tv l[

A.A.9 *[ 09 *[ 0 B.B.87 *[ 287 *[ 2 C.C.89 *[ 089 *[ 0 3.3.85 *[ 085 *[ 0C+u ,0$C+u ,0$Tfng se p1 H1 n t=ong hai nguC,n t A *[ # l[ 8541 t=ong tfng se hwt mang in nhiru hn tfng se hwtTfng se p1 H1 n t=ong hai nguC,n t A *[ # l[ 8541 t=ong tfng se hwt mang in nhiru hn tfng se hwtkhng mang in l[ 54 Je hwt mang in ca # nhiru hn ca A l[ 84 Je hiu nguC,n t ca A *[ # l[khng mang in l[ 54 Je hwt mang in ca # nhiru hn ca A l[ 84 Je hiu nguC,n t ca A *[ # l[

A.A.8 *[ 428 *[ 42 B.B.4; *[ 494; *[ 49 C.C.57 *[ 5257 *[ 52 3.3.5; *[ @45; *[ @4C+u ,$C+u ,$>g c 7 Zng *`>g c 7 Zng *` 4545>g1>g1 4@4@>g *[>g *[ 4949>g %lo c 4 Zng *`>g %lo c 4 Zng *` 7@7@%l *[%l *[ 77%l % bao nhi,u lowi phn t >g%l%l % bao nhi,u lowi phn t >g%l44kh\ckh\cnhau two n,n t c\c Zng *` ca 4 nguC,n te 6nhau two n,n t c\c Zng *` ca 4 nguC,n te 6

A.A.99 B.B.22 C.C.8484 3.3.8;8;C+u -$C+u -$Tfng se H t=ong ionTfng se H t=ong ion _

2AP l[ 75 %hn cng thc ngl[ 75 %hn cng thc ng

A. _2

AO B. _2

NO C. _2

CO 3. _2

C*OC+u -1$C+u -1$/Yp cht *_i hi=o ca nguC,n te L c cng thc L//Yp cht *_i hi=o ca nguC,n te L c cng thc L/ 77 #i^t Q *r khei lYng ca o)i t=ong o)it cao nht #i^t Q *r khei lYng ca o)i t=ong o)it cao nhtca L l[ @9175Q DguC,n t khei ca L l[ca L l[ @9175Q DguC,n t khei ca L l[

A.A.8585 B.B.7878 C.C.7474 3.3.@4@4C+u -2$C+u -2$E)it cao nht ca nguC,n te R l[ REE)it cao nht ca nguC,n te R l[ RE77 T=ong hYp cht *_i hi=o ca R1 hi=o chi^m @100Q *r khei lYng T=ong hYp cht *_i hi=o ca R1 hi=o chi^m @100Q *r khei lYngR l[ nguC,n teR l[ nguC,n te

A.A.EE B.B.(( C.C.JJ 3.3.JHJHC+u -&$C+u -&$T=ong chu kz1 nguC,n te thuc nhm n[o c nng lYng ion ha nhx nht 6T=ong chu kz1 nguC,n te thuc nhm n[o c nng lYng ion ha nhx nht 6

A.A.(hn nhm chnh nhm +A(hn nhm chnh nhm +A B.B.(hn nhm chnh nhm +A(hn nhm chnh nhm +A

C.C.(hn nhm chnh nhm +A(hn nhm chnh nhm +A 3.3.(hn nhm chnh nhm ! +!A(hn nhm chnh nhm ! +!AC+u -,$C+u -,$&C nguC,n te n[o sau C Yc )^p ng thHo th tv gim dKn m in 6&C nguC,n te n[o sau C Yc )^p ng thHo th tv gim dKn m in 6

A.A.N1 E1 (1 DN1 E1 (1 D B.B.E1 N1 D1 (E1 N1 D1 ( C.C.N1 E1 D1 (N1 E1 D1 ( 3.3.N1 D1 E1 (N1 D1 E1 (C+u --$C+u --$%hn th tv tng dKn b\n knh nguC,n t ca c\c kim lowi kirm%hn th tv tng dKn b\n knh nguC,n t ca c\c kim lowi kirm

A.A.?iM DaM .M FbM %s?iM DaM .M FbM %s B.B.%sM FbM .M DaM ?i%sM FbM .M DaM ?iC.C.?iM .M DaM FbM %s?iM .M DaM FbM %s 3.3.?iM DaM .M %sM Fb?iM DaM .M %sM Fb

C+u -$C+u -$%\c ion hoc c\c nguC,n t sau %l%\c ion hoc c\c nguC,n t sau %l--1 A=1 %a1 A=1 %a4"4"ru c 80H L^p chng thHo chiru b\n knh gim dKnru c 80H L^p chng thHo chiru b\n knh gim dKnA.A.A=1 %aA=1 %a4"4"1 %l1 %l-- B.B.%l%l--1 %a1 %a4"4"1 A=1 A=C.C.%l%l--1 A=1 %a1 A=1 %a4"4" 3. 3.%a%a4"4"1 A=1 %l1 A=1 %l--

C+u -/$C+u -/$DguC,n te n[o sau C c tnh phi kim mwnh nht 6DguC,n te n[o sau C c tnh phi kim mwnh nht 6A.A. B.B.%l%l C.C.NN 3.3.#=#=

C+u -0$C+u -0$Tnh a)it ca c\c o)it a)it thuc phn nhm chnh ! +!A thHo t=t tv gim dKn l[Tnh a)it ca c\c o)it a)it thuc phn nhm chnh ! +!A thHo t=t tv gim dKn l[

A.A.//77JbEJbE551 /1 /77AsEAsE551 /1 /77(E(E551 /DE1 /DE77 B.B./DE/DE771 /1 /77(E(E551 /1 /77JbEJbE551 /1 /77AsEAsE55C.C./DE/DE771 /1 /77(E(E551 /1 /77AsEAsE551 /1 /77JbEJbE55 3.3.//77AsEAsE551 /1 /77(E(E551 /1 /77JbEJbE551 /DE1 /DE77C+u -$C+u -$ >t nguC,n t L c tfng se HlHct=on q phn l_p p l[ 88 DguC,n te L l[:

A.nguC,n te s B.nguC,n te p C.nguC,n te d 3.nguC,n te WC+u $C+u $lHct=on thuc l_p n[o sau C li,n k^t km cht ch *_i hwt nhn nht6

A.l_p . B.l_p ? C.l_p > 3.l_p DC+u 1$C+u 1$DguC,n te lu hunh J njm q th 89 t=ong bng h theng tuKn ho[n #i^t =jng c\c HlHct=on ca nguC,n tJ Yc phn be t=,n 7 l_p HlHct=on +.1 ?1 > Je HlHct=on q l_p ? t=ong nguC,n t lu hunh l[:

A.9 B.0 C.8; 3.4

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C+u 2$C+u 2$DguC,n t ca mt nguC,n te F c tfng se c\c lowi hwt bjng 041 t=ong se hwt mang in nhiru hn se hwtkhng mang in l[ 44 hwt Bin tch hwt nhn ca F l[:

A.4; B.44 C.45 3.49C+u &$C+u &$DguC,n t ca mt nguC,n te L c tfng se c\c lowi hwt bjng 88@ T=ong se hwt mang in nhiru hn sehwt khng mang in l[ 4@ hwt . hiu nguC,n t ca L l[:

A. ,0;7@ B. ,2;

7@ C. ,5@7@ 3. ,

88@

7@

C+u ,$C+u ,$DguC,n t ca nguC,n te L c tfng se hwt +p1 n1 H bjng 80; T=ong c\c hwt mang in chi^m @0102Qtfng se hwt DguC,n te L l[ nguC,n te n[o6

A.Wlo B.clo C.b=om 3.iot

C+u -$C+u -$T=ong anion 4

7,Y c 7; p=oton T=ong nguC,n t L cng nh R c se p=oton bjng se nt=on L *[ R l[

nguC,n te n[o sau C6A.% *[ E B.J *[ E C. Ji *[ E 3.% *[ J

C+u $C+u $(hn t >L7c tfng se hwt p=oton1 nt=on *[ HlHct=on bjng 8291 t=ong hwt mang in nhiru hn se hwtkhng mang in l[ 9; .hei lYng nguC,n t ca L l_n hn ca > l[ 0 Tfng se hwt t=ong L -nhiru hn t=ong >" l[89 %ng thc ca >L7l[ :

A. %=%l7 B.NH%l7 C.Al%l7 3.Jn%l7

C+u /$C+u /$Tfng se HlHct=on t=ong anion 47CP l[ 5; Anion 47CP l[:

A. 47-i( B.4

7E( C.4

7-( 3.4

7Zn(

C+u 0$C+u 0$>t cation Fn"c cu hznh HlHct=on q phn l_p ngo[i cng l[ 4p 9 %u hznh HlHct=on q phn l_p ngo[i cngca nguC,n t # c th l[

A. 7s4 B.7p8 C.7s8 3.A1 #1 % ru ngC+u $C+u $ /ai nguC,n t/ai nguC,n te A1 # ng k^ ti^p nhau t=ong mt chu kz ca bng tuKn ho[n c tfng se n *` in tch hwtnhn l[ 4@ A1 # l[

A. ?i1 #H B.>g1 Al C..1 %a 3.Da1 .C+u /$C+u /$N/w' @h 4< "$' Y2b%#; "$' x_y $= #z {' #; 1F22F22-. 4< Y< x #; "6$#q"< " "6 # B "z6c

A.4: " "6| Y: \B "z6| x: \"6 $#q". B.4: \B "z6| Y: " "6| x:

\"6 $#q" . C.4: \B "z6| Y: \"6 $#q"| x: " "6. D.4: \B "z6| Y: " "6| x: \"6 $#q".

C+u /1$C+u /1$ N/w' @h h# '/w' @$z R $= @$5'/ F$z #q@ g * [ %a B.E * [ J C.D * [ Ji 3. % * [ JiC+u /$C+u /$#n cht ca li,n k^t ion l[ lvc ht tnh in giaA.4 ion B.4 ion dng *[ m C.c\c hwt mang in t=\i du 3.nhn *[ c\c H ha t=`C+u //$C+u //$?i,n k^t ion two th[nh gia hai nguC,n t

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A.kim lowi in hznh B.phi kim in hznhC.kim lowi *[ phi kim 3.kim lowi in hznh *[ phi kim in hznhC+u /0$C+u /0$Dhm hYp cht n[o sau C ru l[ hYp cht ion 6

A./4J1 Da4E B.%/51 %E4 C.%aE1 Da%l 3.JE41 .%lC+u /$C+u /$Bin ha t=` ca >g *[ %l t=ong >g%l4thHo th tv l[

A.4 *[ 8 B.4" *[ 8- C."4 *[ -8 3.4" *[ 4-C+u 0$C+u 0$/Ku h^t c\c hYp cht ion

A.c nhit nng chC *[ nhit si cao B.d hya tan t=ong c\c dung mi hu cC.q t=wng th\i nng chC khng dn in 3.tan t=ong n_c th[nh dung d`ch khng in li

C+u 01$C+u 01$%ho m in: #H +81@1 Al +81@1 >g +8141 %l +71;1 D +71;1 / +4181 J +41@1 E +71@ %ht n[o sau Cc li,n k^t ion 6

A./4J1 D/7 B.#H%l41 #HJ C.>gE1 Al4E7 3.>g%l41 Al%l7C+u 02$C+u 02$DguC,n t c se hiu 4;1 khi two th[nh li,n k^t ha hc s

A.mt 4H two th[nh ion c in tch 4" B.nhn 4H two th[nh ion c in tch 4-C.gp chung 4H two th[nh 4 cp H chung 3.gp chung 8H two th[nh 8 cp H chung

C+u 0&$C+u 0&$ ?i,n k^t cng ha t=` l[ li,n k^t gia 4 nguC,n tA.phi kim1 Yc two th[nh do sv gp chung H B.kh\c nhau1 Yc two th[nh do sv gp chung HC.Yc two th[nh do sv gp chung 8 haC nhiru H 3.Yc two th[nh t sv cho nhn H gia chng

C+u 0,$C+u 0,$%hn hYp cht c li,n k^t cng ha t=`A Da%l1 %aE #/%l1 %E4 % .%l1 Al4E7 & >g%l41 Da4E

C+u 0-$C+u 0-$?i,n k^t cng ha t=` c cvc two th[nh gia hai nguC,n tAphi kim kh\c nhau # cng mt phi kim in hznh% phi kim mwnh *[ kim lowi mwnh & kim lowi *[ kim lowi

C+u 0$C+u 0$?owi li,n k^t t=ong phn t kh hi=oclo=ua l[ li,n k^tA.cho nhn B.cng ha t=` c cvc C.cng ha t=` khng cvc 3.ion

C+u 0/$C+u 0/$%ng ha t=` ca %l *[ E t=ong %l4E1 thHo th tv l[A. *[ 4 B.4 *[ C.5 *[ 8 3.8 *[ 4

C+u 00$C+u 00$%ng ha t=` ca D t=ong phn t /DE7*[ D/5"+thHo th tv l[A.@ *[ 5 B.5 *[ 5 C.7 *[ 5 3.5 *[ 7

C+u 0$C+u 0$%ho c\c phn t sau: ?i%l1 Da%l1 .%l1 Fb%l1 %s%l li,n k^t t=ong phn t mang nhiru tnh on nht l[:A. %s%l B. ?i%l *[ Da%l C. .%l 3. Fb%l

C+u $C+u $Ba se c\c hYp cht cng ha t=` c c im l[A.c th hya tan t=ong dung mi hu c B.nhit nng chC *[ nhit si cao

C.c kh nng dn in khi q th lxng hoc nng chC3.khi hya tan t=ong n_c th[nh dd in liC+u 1$C+u 1$%hn cu )ai:

A.Bin ha t=` c t=ong hYp cht ion B.Bin ha t=` bjng se cp H dng chungC.%ng ha t=` c t=ong hYp cht cng ha t=` 3.%ng ha t=` bjng se cp H dng chung

C+u 2$C+u 2$Dhm hYp cht n[o sau C c li,n k^t cho nhn 6A.Da%l1 %E4 B./%l1 >g%l4 C./4J1 /%l 3.D/5DE71 /DE7

C+u &$C+u &$%hn cu sai: ?i,n k^t cho nhn

A.l[ t=ng hYp c bit ca li,n k^t cng ha t=`B.*_i cp H chung ch| do 8 nguC,n t ng gpC.biu din bjng mi t,n t nguC,n t cho ^n nguC,n t nhn3.two th[nh gia nguC,n t kim lowi mwnh *[ phi kim mwnh

C+u ,$C+u ,$(hn t n[o c li,n k^t cng ha t=` khng cvc 6A./%l B.%l4 C.D/7 3./4E

C+u -$C+u -$ ?i,n k^t n[o phn cvc nht 6A./4E B.D/7 C.D%l7 3.%E4

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C+u $C+u $%ho c\c o)it: Da4E1 >gE1 Al4E71 JiE41 (4E@1 JE71 %l4E &C c\c hYp cht t=ong phn t ch| gZm li,n k^tcng ho\ t=` l[:

A.JiE41 (4E@1 JE71 %l4E B.JiE41 (4E@1 %l4E1 Al4E7C.Da4E1 JiE41 >gE1 JE7 3.JiE41 (4E@1 JE71 Al4E7

C+u /$C+u /$Lt o)it c\c nguC,n t thuc chu kz 71 o)it c li,n k^t ion l[A.Da4E1 >gE1 Al4E7 B.JiE41 (4E@1 JE7 C.JE71 %l4E1 %l4E 3.Al4E71 JiE41 JE4

C+u 0$C+u 0$%u hznh HlHct=on q l_p ngo[i cng ca c\c nguC,n te l[ ns4np@ ?i,n k^t ca c\c nguC,n te n[C *_i nguC,n tehi=o thuc lowi li,n k^t n[o sau C6

A.?i,n k^t cng ho\ t=` khng cvc B. ?i,n k^t cng ho\ t=` c cvc C. ?i,n k^t ion 3. ?i,n k^t tinh thC+u $C+u $%hn cu sai

A..im cng thuc lowi tinh th nguC,n tB.T=ong tinh th nguC,n t1 c\c nguC,n t li,n k^t *_i nhau bjng li,n k^tcng ha t=`C.?i,n k^t t=ong tinh th nguC,n t =t brn3.Tinh th nguC,n t c nhit nng chC *[ si thp

C+u 1$C+u 1$%hn cht c tinh th phn t

A.iot1 n_c \1 kali clo=ua B.iot1 naphtalHn1 kim cngC.n_c \1 naphtalHn1 iot 3.than chz1 kim cng1 silic

C+u 11$C+u 11$%hn cht c dwng tinh th ionA.muei n B.than chz C.n_c \ 3.iot

C+u 12$C+u 12$%ht n[o sau C c li,n k^t hi=o gia c\c phn t 6A./4E1 /N B./4J 1 /%l C.Ji/51 %/5 3.(/71 D/7

C+u 1&$C+u 1&$Dhit si ca /4E cao hn so *_i /4J l[ doA.phn t khei ca /4E nhx hn B. d[i li,n k^t t=ong /4E ngn hn t=ong /4J

C.gia c\c phn t n_c c li,n k^t hid=o 3.sv phn cvc li,n k^t t=ong /4E l_n hnC+u 1,$C+u 1,$Jo *_i D41 kh D/7tan Yc nhiru t=ong n_c hn *z

A.D/7c li,n k^t cng ha t=` phn cvc B.D/7two Yc li,n k^t hi=o *_i n_cC.D/7c phn ng mt phKn *_i n_c 3.t=ong phn t D/7ch| c li,n k^t n

C+u 1-$C+u 1-$


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C. D41 /1 %l41 %/5 3. %l41 E4 D41 N4

C+u 111C+u 111$ %u hznh HlHct=on nguC,n t ca ba nguC,n te L1 R1 S lKn lYt l[: 8s44s44p97s8U8s44s44p97s47p95s8U 8s44s8 D^u )^p thHo chiru tng dKn tnh kim lowi thz c\ch sp )^p n[o sau C ng

A. S M L M R B. R M S M L C. S M R M L 3. L'R'S

C+u 112$C+u 112$T=ong c\c nhm A +t= nhm !A thHo chiru tng dKn ca in tch hwt nhn thzA. tnh phi kim tng 1 m in gim B.tnh kim lowi tng 1 m in gimC.tnh kim lowi tng U 8tng 3.tnh phi kim tng 1 b\n knh nguC,n t tng

C+u 11&$C+u 11&$% 4 nguC,n te L +S ' 82U R +L ' 8 hYp cht two bqi L *[ R c cng thc *[ kiu li,n k^t l[A.LR1 li,n k^t ion B.L4R 1 li,n k^t ion

C.LR1 li,n k^t cng ha t=` c cvc 3.LR41 li,n k^t cng ha t=` c cvcC+u 11,$C+u 11,$on L4-c cu hznh HlHct=on l_p ngo[i cng l[ 4s44p9 DguC,n te L c *` t=

A. th 8; chu kz 4 nhm !A B. th 0 1 chu kz 4 nhm !A C. th 84 chu kz 7 nhm A 3. th 2 chu kz 4 nhm !A

C+u 11-$C+u 11-$DguC,n t ca nguC,n te L c cu hznh HlHct=on:8s44s4

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