Profesor Blaga Mirela-Gabriela

Simboluri matematice − 1 − operații, relații, mulțimi

+ 푎푑푢푛푎푟푒 − 푠푎푢 \ 푠푐ă푑푒푟푒 × 푠푎푢 ∙ î푛푚푢푙ț푖푟푒

∶ 푠푎푢 − î푚푝ă푟ț푖푟푒 ⋮ 푑푖푣푖푧푖푏푖푙

= 푒푔푎푙 ≠ 푑푖푓푒푟푖푡

< 푚푎푖 푚푖푐

≤ 푚푎푖 푚푖푐 푠푎푢 푒푔푎푙 푥 ≤ 0 ⟺ 푥 ∈ (−∞, 0]

> 푚푎푖 푚푎푟푒

∈ 푎푝푎푟ţ푖푛푒 2 ∈ ℕ

∉ 푛푢 푎푝푎푟ţ푖푛푒 −2 ∉ ℕ

⊂ 푖푛푐푙푢푠 ∅ ⊂ ℕ ⊂ ℤ ⊂ ℚ ⊂ ℝ

⊆ 푖푛푐푙푢푠 푠푎푢 푒푔푎푙

∞ 푖푛푓푖푛푖푡

ℕ 푚푢푙ț푖푚푒푎 푛푢푚푒푟푒푙표푟 푛푎푡푢푟푎푙푒 ℕ = { 0, 1, 2, … , 푛, … }

ℤ 푚푢푙ț푖푚푒푎 푛푢푚푒푟푒푙표푟 î푛푡푟푒푔푖 ℤ = {… , −푛, … , −1, 0, 1, 2, … , 푛, … }

ℚ 푚푢푙ț푖푚푒푎 푛푢푚푒푟푒푙표푟 푟푎ț푖표푛푎푙푒 ℚ = 푚푛 푚, 푛 ∈ ℤ, 푛 ≠ 0

ℝ 푚푢푙ț푖푚푒푎 푛푢푚푒푟푒푙표푟 푟푒푎푙푒 ℝ

ℂ 푚푢푙ț푖푚푒푎 푛푢푚푒푟푒푙표푟 푐표푚푝푙푒푥푒 ℂ = ℝ × ℝ = {푥 + 푖푦| 푥, 푦 ∈ ℝ , 푖 = −1}

∅ 푚푢푙ț푖푚푒푎 푣푖푑ă |∅| = 0

ℝ\ℚ 푚푢푙ț푖푚푒푎 푛푢푚푒푟푒푙표푟 푖푟푎ț푖표푛푎푙푒

ℝ∗ 푚푢푙ț푖푚푒푎 푛푢푚푒푟푒푙표푟 푟푒푎푙푒 푝표푧푖푡푖푣푒 ℝ∗ = (0, ∞)

퐴 푚푢푙ț푖푚푒푎 퐴

퐴∗ 푚푢푙ț푖푚푒푎 퐴 푐푢 푒푙푒푚푒푛푡푒 푛푒푛푢푙푒 퐴∗ = 퐴\{0} 푐푎푟푑퐴 sau |퐴| 푐푎푟푑푖푛푎푙푢푙 푚푢푙ț푖푚푖푖 퐴 푛푢푚ă푟푢푙 푒푙푒푚푒푛푡푒푙표푟 푚푢푙ț푖푚푖푖 퐴

풫(퐴) 푚푢푙ț푖푚푒푎 푝ă푟ț푖푙표푟 푙푢푖 퐴 풫(퐴) 푒푠푡푒 푚푢푙ț푖푚푒푎 푠푢푏푚푢푙ț푖푚푖푙표푟 푙푢푖 퐴.

ℵ 푎푙푒푓 푛푢푚ă푟푢푙 푒푙푒푚푒푛푡푒푙표푟 푢푛푒푖 푚푢푙ț푖푚푖 푖푛푓푖푛푖푡푒

ℵ 푎푙푒푓 푧푒푟표 푛푢푚ă푟푢푙 푒푙푒푚푒푛푡푒푙표푟 푚푢푙ț푖푚푖푖 ℕ

∀ 표푟푖푐푒, 표푟푖푐푎푟푒

∃ 푒푥푖푠푡ă

∄ 푛푢 푒푥푖푠푡ă

∪ 푟푒푢푛푖푢푛푒푎 퐴 ∪ 퐵 = {푥| 푥 ∈ 퐴 푠푎푢 푥 ∈ 퐵} ∩ 푖푛푡푒푟푠푒푐ț푖푎 퐴 ∩ 퐵 = {푥| 푥 ∈ 퐴 ș푖 푥 ∈ 퐵}

\ 푑푖푓푒푟푒푛ț푎 퐴 \ 퐵 = {푥| 푥 ∈ 퐴 ș푖 푥 ∉ 퐵}

× 푝푟표푑푢푠 푐푎푟푡푒푧푖푎푛 퐴 × 퐵 = {(푥, 푦)| 푥 ∈ 퐴 ș푖 푦 ∈ 퐵}