INGLÉS - E-ducalia€¦ · Printed in Spain/Impreso en España. Todos los derechos reservados. No...

INGLÉS SupueStoS prácticoS

primaria

Teresa Vaello ReosMaría Vicenta Llorca LlorcaMaite Calatayud Puerto

Contiene traducciones, comentarios y análisis de

textoSupuestos prácticos de ING

LÉS PRIM

AR

IA Educàlia Editorial

Educàlia editorial

Edificio CREA · Avda. de les Jacarandes nº 2 - loft 32746100 Burjassot - Valencia Tels. 960 624 309 - 963 768 542 - 610 900 111

email: [email protected]

Maria Vicenta Llorca, Teresa Vaello Reos y M

aite Calatayud

VERSIÓN MADRID

CUB_SP INGLES PRIM_ NUEVOS.indd 1,3 10/06/2019 15:27:37

Supuestos prácticos de INGLÉS SECUNDARIA

Teresa Vaello ReosVicenta María Llorca Llorca

Maite Calatayud Puerto

SUP_ INGLES SEC_ 2019.indd 1 09/05/2019 10:12:28

Edición revisada, marzo de 2019

Autoras: Teresa Vaello Reos, Vicenta María Llorca Llorca y Maite Calatayud Puerto

Maquetación: Raquel Garzón Montagut y Jessica Sánchez Gavilán

Correctora: Laura Carolina Oujo

Edita: Educàlia Editorial

Imprime: Grupo Digital 82

ISBN: 978-84-943622-2-4

Depòsit Legal: V-283-2015

Printed in Spain/Impreso en España.

Todos los derechos reservados. No está permitida la reimpresión de ninguna parte de este libro, ni de imágenes ni de texto, ni tampoco su reproducción, ni utilización, en cualquier forma o por cualquier medio, bien sea electrónico, mecánico o de otro modo, tanto conocida como los que puedan inventarse, incluyendo el fotocopiado o grabación, ni está permitido almacenarlo en un sistema de información y recuperación, sin el permiso anticipado y por escrito del editor.

Alguna de las imágenes que incluye este libro son reproducciones que se han realizado acogiéndose al derecho de cita que aparece en el artículo 32 de la Ley 22/18987, del 11 de noviembre, de la Propiedad intelectual. Educàlia Editorial agradece a todas las instituciones, tanto públicas como privadas, citadas en estas páginas, su colaboración y pide disculpas por la posible omisión involuntaria de algunas de ellas.

Educàlia Editorial, S.L.

Avda. de les Jacarandes, 2, loft 327 - 46100 Burjassot

Tel: 960 624 309 - 963 768 542 - 610 900 111

E-mail: [email protected]

www.e-ducalia.com


SUPUESTOS PRÁCTICOS DE INGLÉS SECUNDARIA

3

PARTE I•EJEMPLOS EXÁMENES PRÁCTICOS•

1. The Physician, by Noah Gordon ................................................................................................................................................... 8

2. Harry Potter and Sorcerer’s Stone, by JK Rowling .................................................................................................................... 13

3. Wuthering Heights, by E. Brönte ................................................................................................................................................. 17

4. The Girl with a Pearl Earring, by Tracy Chevalier ��20

5. Memoirs of a Geisha, by Arthur Golden �� 24

6. Frankenstein, by Mary Shelley .................................................................................................................................................... 27

7. Moby Dick, by Herman Melville ��30

8. Gulliver’s Travels, by Jonathan Swift ��33

9. The Great Gatsby, by F� Scott Fitzgerald �� 37

10. Pride and prejudice, by Jane Austen ��40

11. Robin Hood, by Henry Gilbert ��44

12. Dracula, by Bram Stoker ��48

•SOLUCIONES EXÁMENES PRÁCTICOS•1. The Physician, by Noah Gordon .................................................................................................................................................56

2. Harry Potter and Sorcerer’s Stone, by JK Rowling ....................................................................................................................59

3. Wuthering Heights, by E. Brönte .................................................................................................................................................62

4. The Girl with a Pearl Earring, by Tracy Chevalier .....................................................................................................................64

5. Memoirs of a Geisha, by Arthur Golden5 .................................................................................................................................67

6. Frankenstein, by Mary Shelley .................................................................................................................................................... 70

7. Moby Dick, by Herman Melville ................................................................................................................................................. 73

8. Gulliver’s Travels, by Jonathan Swift .......................................................................................................................................... 76

9. The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald .................................................................................................................................... 79

10. Pride and prejudice, by Jane Austen ........................................................................................................................................ 81

11. Robin Hood, by Henry Gilbert ..................................................................................................................................................84

12. Dracula, by Bram Stoker ........................................................................................................................................................... 87

•TRADUCCIÓN DE TEXTOS CLÁSICOS•Dracula, by Bram Stoker �� 94

The Prince and the Pauper, by Mark Twain ....................................................................................................................................95

The Portrait of Dorian Gray, by Mark Twain��96

The Jungle Book, by Rudyard Kipling .............................................................................................................................................97

The Scarlet Letter, by Nathaniel Hawthorne ��98

The Masque of the Red Death, by Edgar Allan Poe ��99

A Christmas Carol, by Charles Dickens ��100

The Picture of a Lady, by Henry James �� 101

The Great Gatsby, by F� Scott Fitzgerald ��102

‘Sonnet 18’, by William Shakespeare ��103

Moby Dick, by Herman Melville ��104

Gulliver’s Travels, by Jonathan Swift ��105

Frankenstein, by Mary Shelley ��106

The Great Gatsby, by F� Scott Fitzgerald �� 107

Pride and prejudice, by Jane Austen .............................................................................................................................................109

Robinson Crusoe, by Daniel Defoe ��110

ÍNDICE


4


PARTE II•EJEMPLOS EXÁMENES PRÁCTICOS•

1.Google’s satellite timelapses show the inconvenient truth about our planet ....................................................................... 112

2. King tide flooding a preview of the daily norm we can expect ......................................................................................... 115

3. How to survive a plague......................................................................................................................................................... 118

4. IS this the most liveable city in the world? ............................................................................................................................. 121

5. You need to go back to school to relearn english ................................................................................................................ 124

6. Boxing day .............................................................................................................................................................................. 127

7. Nato review ............................................................................................................................................................................ 130

8. Donald trump’s victory speech ............................................................................................................................................... 133

9. King George’s speech ............................................................................................................................................................ 136

10. Some medical treatments are pointless. but will patients want to know? ......................................................................... 139

11. Veganism ................................................................................................................................................................................ 141

12. Are you too old to find success? .......................................................................................................................................... 144

13. Your private medical data is for sale – and it’s driving a business worth billions ........................................................... 147

14. Bob dylan removes the mention of his nobel prize win just one day after finally acknowledging the honor on his website .. 150

15. tBanks could move assets out of UK by 2017 if ‘EU passport’ is lost ............................................................................... 152

SITUATION ANALYSIS 1 ............................................................................................................................................................ 154

SITUATION ANALYSIS 2 ............................................................................................................................................................ 154

•SOLUCIONES EXÁMENES PRÁCTICOS•1.Google’s satellite timelapses show the inconvenient truth about our planet ....................................................................... 156

2. King tide flooding a preview of the daily norm we can expect ........................................................................................ 157

3. How to survive a plague......................................................................................................................................................... 158

4. IS this the most liveable city in the world? ............................................................................................................................. 159

5. You need to go back to school to relearn english ................................................................................................................ 161

6. Boxing day .............................................................................................................................................................................. 162

7. Nato review ............................................................................................................................................................................ 164

8. Donald trump’s victory speech ............................................................................................................................................... 165

9. King George’s speech ............................................................................................................................................................ 166

10. Some medical treatments are pointless. but will patients want to know? ......................................................................... 167

11. Veganism ................................................................................................................................................................................ 169

12. Are you too old to find success? .......................................................................................................................................... 170

13. Your private medical data is for sale – and it’s driving a business worth billions ........................................................... 172

14. Bob dylan removes the mention of his nobel prize win just one day after finally acknowledging the honor on his website .. 173

15. tBanks could move assets out of UK by 2017 if ‘EU passport’ is l .................................................................................... 174

•TRADUCCIÓN DE TEXTOS CLÁSICOS•1. ‘The Devoted Friend’, by Oscar Wilde �� 177

2. ‘The tell-tale heart’, by Edgar Allan Poe ............................................................................................................................... 178

3. Lazarillo de Tormes ................................................................................................................................................................. 179

4. Universal Declaration of Human Rights ................................................................................................................................. 180

5. Us Constitution ......................................................................................................................................................................... 181

6. ‘If–’, by Rudyard Kipling �� 183

7. A Christmas Carol, by Charles Dickens �� 185

8. ‘The Selfish giant’, by Oscar Wilde �� 187

9. Romeo and Juliet, by William Shakespeare� �� 189

10. Official Journal of the European Union ............................................................................................................................... 191

11. The city that won’t let me sleep ............................................................................................................................................. 192

12. Thanksgiving day ................................................................................................................................................................... 193

13. The princess and the pea, by Hans Christian Andersen �� 194



PARTE 1Teresa Vaello Reos

Vicenta María Llorca Llorca



7

EJEMPLOS EXÁMENES PRÁCTICOS


8


1. The Physician, by Noah Gordon

Read carefully the following text and answer the questions about it:

‘Let us catch some breakfast,’ he said as they washed the dirt from their faces and hands. He cut two willow poles and got hooks and line from the wagon. From the shaded place behind the seat he pulled out a box. ‘This is our grasshopper box,’ he said. ‘It is one of our duties to keep it filled.’ He lifted the lid only far enough to allow Rob to stick his hands inside. Living things rustled away from Rob’s fingers, frantic and spiky, and he pulled one gently into his palm. When he withdrew his hand, keeping the wings folded between his thumb and forefinger, the insect’s legs scrabbled frantically. The four front legs were thin as hairs and the hind two were powerful and large-thighed, enabling it to be a hopper.

Barber showed him how to slip the point of the hook just beneath the sort section of tough, ridged shell behind the head. ‘Not too deep or he’ll bleed molasses and die. Where have you fished?’

‘The Thames.’ He prided himself on his ability as a fisher, for he and his father often had dangled worms in the broad river, depending on the fish to help feed the family during the unemployment.

Barber grunted. ‘This is a different kind of fishing,’ he said. ‘Leave the poles for a moment and get on your hands and knees.’

They crawled cautiously to a place overlooking the nearest pool and lay on their bellies. Rob thought the fat man daft.

Four fish hung suspended in glass.

‘Small,’ Rob whispered. ‘Best eating that size,’ Barber said as they crept away from the bank.’ Your big river trouts are tough and oily. Did you note how these drifted near the head of the pool? They feed facing upstream, waiting for a juicy meal to fall in and come floating down. They’re wild and wary.

If you stand next to the stream, they see you. If you tread strongly on the bank, they feel your step and they scatter. That’s why you use the long pole. If you stand next back and lightly drop the hopper just above the pool, letting the flow carry it to the fish. He watched critically as Rob swung the grasshopper where he had directed.

With a shock that travelled along the pole and sent excitement up into Rob’s arms, the unseen fish struck like a dragon. After that, it was like fishing in the Thames. He waited patiently, giving the trout time to doom itself, and then raised the tip of the pole and set the hook as his father had taught him. When he pulled in the first flopping prize, they admired its blood: the gleaming background like oiled walnut wood, the sleek sides splattered with rainbow reds, the black fins marked with warm orange...

The Physician by Noah Gordon

1. Give homophones from the text for the following words (state the line number):

were

would

taut

plaice

dye

sighs

tuff

2. Give minimal pairs (from the first paragraph) for the following words:

come

for

calm

get

thinks



9

3. Make a phonetic transcription of the following words:

Thames withdrew

wagon beneath

grasshopper tough

duties leave

enough cautiously

4. Give 6 examples of silent letters found in the text:

5. Give 10 verbs belonging to the lexical field of ‘types of movements’:

6. Give 3 verbs belonging to the lexical field of ‘types of talking’:

7. Give 5 words belonging to the lexical field of ‘Nature’:

NATURE

8. Give 5 words from the text which refer to different parts of ‘animals’:

9. Give 7 words from the text which refer to different parts of a ‘person’s body’:

10. Give 6 words from the text which refer to the lexical field of types of ‘animals’:

11. Name a simile in the text and add two more:


10


12. Name a metaphor in the text and add two more:

13. Give one example of:

Temporal deixis:

Personal deixis:

Place deixis:

14. Give an euphemism which can be substituted by decease or expire:

15. Classify the category of the words given in the text according to their word formation (prefixes, suffixes, compounds):

unemployment

excitement

flopping

grasshopper

rainbow

forefinger

walnut

frantically

gleaming

enabling

16. Give 5 examples from the text of prepositions of place:

17. Define the following expressions using your own words:

pole

wagon

hook

living things



11

wings

bleed

to feed

juicy

18. Find the word or expressions from the text for these definitions:

the thick short digit of the forelimb

an arc of coluored light in the sky caused by refraction of the sun’s rays by rain

the feeling of lively and cheerful joy

a natural body of running water flowing on or under the earth

organ of locomotion and balance in fishes and some other aquatic animals

19. Give examples of synonyms for the following words:

skills back

excited to fish

bony almighty

hidden succulent

glossy to supply

20. Give examples of antonyms for the following words:

tame Tiny

tender Wide

weakly shallow

empty Cool

fat Long

21. Give examples of connectors from the text and classify them:


12


22. Comment the following sentence from a morphosyntactic point of vi ew:

‘He watched critically as rob swung the grasshopper where he had directed’

23. Complete the following sentences with words from the text:

Mind your hands! I don’t want you …………….. the needle in your finger.

Um, it smells tasty when you’ve .................... from the pot.

He is not a confident person. He is always.............. of running his own business.

The city has been destroyed by a huge earthquake. It was a ............... and gloom situation.


SOLUCIONESEXÁMENES PRÁCTICOS


56

SUPUESTOS PRÁCTICOSDE INGLÉS SECUNDARIA | SOLUCIONES

SOLUCIONES EXAMEN PRÁCTICO 11. Give homophones from the text for the following words (state the line number)

were Where

would Wood

taut Taught

plaice Place

dye Die

sighs Size

tuff Tough

2. Give minimal pairs (from the first paragraph) for the following words:

Come Some

For Four

Calm Palm

Get Got

Thinks Things

3. Make a phonetic transcription of the following words:

Thames tɛmz withdrew wɪθdru

Wagon ˈwæɡən beneath bɪˈniːθ

grasshopper ˈɡrɑːshɒpə(r) tough tʌf

Duties ˈdjuːtɪz leave liːv

Enough ɪˈnʌf cautiously ˈkɔːʃəsli

4. Give 6 examples of silent letters found in the text:

Some knees Allow where often would

5. Give 10 verbs belonging to the lexical field of ‘types of movements’:

to cut Pulled lifted stick

withdrew scrabbled to slip crawled

lay on Crept drift fall

come scatter struck

6. Give 3 verbs belonging to the lexical field of ‘types of talking’:

said grunted whispered

7. Give 5 words belonging to the lexical field of ‘Nature’:

NATURE

willow

river

bank

stream


SUPUESTOS PRÁCTICOS DE INGLÉS SECUNDARIA | SOLUCIONES

57

fish

8. Give 5 words from the text which refer to different parts of ‘animals’:

Fin wings head legs shell

9. Give 7 words from the text which refer to different parts of a ‘person’s body’:

Faces hands fingers palm knees thumb bellies forefinger

10. Give 6 words from the text which refer to the lexical field of ‘types of animals’:

Insect worms grasshopper trout fish dragon

11. Name a simile in the text and add two more:

The four front legs were thin as hairs

12. Name a metaphor in the text and add two more:

The unseen fish struck like a dragon.

13. Give one example of:Temporal deixis: ‘…breakfast’

Personal deixis: ‘Barber, Rob’

Place deixis: ‘the Thames’

14. Give a euphemism which can be substituted by ‘decease’ or ‘expire’: ‘to die’

15. Classify the category of the words given in the text according to their word formation (prefixes, suffixes, compounds):

unemployment noun that results adding the prefix un – to the noun employment forming its antonym

excitement noun that results adding the suffix –ment to the verb to excite

flopping adjective that results from adding the suffix –ing to the verb to flop

grasshopper compound noun

rainbow compound noun

forefinger compound noun

walnut compound noun

frantically adverbs that result from adding the suffix –ly to the adjective frantic

gleaming adjective that results from adding the suffix –ing to the noun gleam

enabling verb resulting from the prefix –en and the suffix –ing added to the verb to able

16. Give 5 examples from the text of prepositions of place:

Beneath behind Above along inside

17. 17. Define the following expressions using your own words:

Pole a long (usually round) rod of wood or metal or plastic


58


Wagon any of various kinds of wheeled vehicles drawn by an animal or a tractor

hook a device that is curved or bent to suspend or hold or pull something

living things Insects

Wings moveable organs for flying

Bleed drain of liquid or stream

to feed to provide food

Juicy full of juice

18. Find the word or expressions from the text for these definitions:

Thumb the thick short digit of the forelimb

Rainbow an arc of coloured light in the sky caused by refraction of the sun’s rays by rain

excitement the feeling of lively and cheerful joy

Stream a natural body of running water flowing on or under the earth

Fin organ of locomotion and balance in fishes and some other aquatic animals

19. Give examples of synonyms for the following words:

Skills Abilities back hind

Excited Frantic to fish to catch

Bony Fat almighty powerful

Hidden Unseen succulent juicy

Glossy Sleek to supply to feed

20. Give examples of antonyms for the following words:

Tame Wild tiny colossal

Tender Tough wide closed

Weakly Strongly shallow deep

Empty Filled cool warm

Fat Thin long sort



59

21. Give examples of connectors from the text and classify them:For he: explicativeWhen: temporal

22. Comment the following sentence from a morphosyntactic point of view:

‘He watched critically as Rob swung the grasshopper where he had directed.’

Temporal Subordinate clauseMain clause: He watched criticallyTemporal subordinate clause: As Rob swung the grasshopper where he had directedPlace-Relative clause subordinate: Where he had directedMain clause: He watched critically

Subject he

Verb: Past simple tense watched

Adverb of manner critically

Subordinate clause: As Rob swung the grasshopper where he had directed

Temporal nexus as

Subordinate subject Rob

Verb: Past simple tense, irregular verb swung

Object complement The grasshopper

Place relative nexus where

Subordinate subject He

Verb: Past Perfect simple, regular verbs Had directed

23. Complete the following sentences with words from the text:

Mind your hands! I don’t want you …to stick... the needle in your finger

Um, it smells tasty when you’ve ...lifted the lid... from the pot.

He is not a confident person. He is always...wary... of running his own business.

The city has been destroyed by a huge earthquake. It was a ...doom... and gloom situation.

SOLUCIONES EXAMEN PRÁCTICO 21. Give homophones from the text for the following words:

Sun Son

Sew So

Wood Would

All Awl

Sum Some

Reed Read

Mite Might

Eye I

Ate Eight


SUPUESTOS PRÁCTICOS DE INGLÉS SECUNDARIA | TRADUCCIONES

93

TRADUCCIÓN DE TEXTOS CLÁSICOS


94

SUPUESTOS PRÁCTICOSDE INGLÉS SECUNDARIA | TRADUCCIONES

Drácula, de Bram StokerEn cuanto llegué a esta conclusión, escuché pesados pasos que se acercaban detrás de la gran puerta, y vi a través de las grietas el brillo de una luz que se acercaba. Se escuchó el ruido de cadenas que golpeaban y el chirrido de pesados cerrojos que se corrían. Una llave giró, haciendo el conocido ruido producido por el largo desuso, y la inmensa puerta se abrió hacia adentro.

En ella apareció un hombre alto, viejo, limpiamente afeitado, a excepción de un largo bigote blanco, y vestido de negro de la cabeza a los pies, sin ninguna mancha de color en ninguna parte. Tenía en la mano una antigua lámpara de plata, en la cual la llama se quemaba sin globo ni protección de ninguna clase, lanzando largas y ondulosas sombras al fluctuar por la corriente de la puerta abierta. El anciano me hizo un gesto con su mano derecha, haciendo un gesto cortés y hablando en excelente inglés, aunque con una entonación extraña:

- Bienvenido a mi casa. ¡Entre con libertad y por su propia voluntad!

No hizo ningún movimiento para acercárseme, sino que permaneció inmóvil como una estatua, como si su gesto de bienvenida lo hubiese fijado en piedra. Sin embargo, en el instante en que traspuse el umbral de la puerta, dio un paso impulsivamente hacia adelante y, extendiendo la mano, sujetó la mía con una fuerza que me hizo retroceder, un efecto que no fue aminorado por el hecho de que parecía fría como el hielo; de que parecía más la mano de un muerto que de un hombre vivo. Dijo otra vez:

- Bienvenido a mi casa. Venga libremente, váyase a salvo, y deje algo de la alegría que trae consigo.

La fuerza del apretón de mano era tan parecida a la que yo había notado en el cochero, cuyo rostro no había podido ver, que por un momento dudé si no se trataba de la misma persona a quien le estaba hablando; así es que para asegurarme, le pregunté:

- ¿El conde Drácula?

Se inclinó cortésmente al responderme.

- Yo soy Drácula; y le doy mi bienvenida, señor Harker, en mi casa. Pase; el aire de la noche está frío, y seguramente usted necesita comer y descansar.

Dracula, by Bram StokerJust as I had come to this conclusion, I heard a heavy step approaching behind the great door, and saw through the chinks the gleam of a coming light. Then there was the sound of rattling chains and the clanking of massive bolts drawn back. A key was turned with the loud grating noise of long disuse, and the great door swung back.

Within, stood a tall old man, clean shaven save for a long white moustache, and clad in black from head to foot, without a single speck of colour about him anywhere. He held in his hand an antique silver lamp, in which the flame burned without a chimney or globe of any kind, throwing long quivering shadows as it flickered in the draught of the open door.

The old man motioned me in with his right hand with a courtly gesture, saying in excellent English, but with a strange intonation.

‘Welcome to my house! Enter freely and of your own free will!’

He made no motion of stepping to meet me, but stood like a statue, as though his gesture of welcome had fixed him into stone.

The instant, however, that I had stepped over the threshold, he moved impulsively forward, and holding out his hand grasped mine with a strength which made me wince, an effect which was not lessened by the fact that it seemed cold as ice, more like the hand of a dead than a living man.

Again he said.

‘Welcome to my house! Enter freely. Go safely, and leave something of the happiness you bring!’

The strength of the handshake was so much akin to that which I had noticed in the driver, whose face I had not seen, that for a moment I doubted if it were not the same person to whom I was speaking.

So to make sure, I said interrogatively, ‘Count Dracula?’

He bowed in a courtly was as he replied, ‘I am Dracula, and I bid you welcome, Mr. Harker, to my house. Come in, the night air is chill, and you must need to eat and rest.’



PARTE 2Maite Calatayud Puerto


112


1. GOOGLE’S SATELLITE TIMELAPSES SHOW THE INCONVENIENT TRUTH ABOUT OUR PLANET

The image of the Earth from space is so seared into human consciousness that it is hard to conceive what it was like to live without the picture of our planet as a blue sphere that we all now carry in our minds.

The first photographs of the Earth’s surface seen from 100 miles were taken in 1947. By 1968, the famous Earthrise image photographed by the crew of Apollo 8 framed our planet as a beautiful oasis in black space. Today, stunning and intensely informative pictures of the Earth’s surface are being taken from space constantly: so comprehensively, for so long, that Google has now created timelapses that show three decades of change.

It induces anxiety to watch, in just a few seconds, a desert in Saudi Arabia turn into a vast agribusiness complex, a lake in Bolivia vanish or cities grow spectacularly in China.

History has become a car crash in speeded-up motion. We can see, in these timelapse satellite videos, how the Earth is being torn apart by human acts. We can also see, in timelapse videos of Arctic ice, great glaciers melt before our eyes. Yet, are human beings capable of assimilating such global perspectives or is our consciousness tragically limited to a pre-space age, even pre-Copernican mentality? Are people only capable of acting on immediate, personal and local concerns, even though images from space can show us the bigger picture?

[…] All the images of climate change, the timelapse videos of a crumbling Earth, the crash of glaciers, do not apparently mean anything compared with the direct experiences people have in their own neighbourhoods. If a truth is inconvenient, ignore it.

If you want to experience, directly, the gap between imagination and reality, science and common sense, that threatens our ability to act rationally to save the planet, just consider your smartphone. Walking down the street, I can see myself move on the screen of my phone, in a real-time, real-life link between myself and a network of satellites. Yet do we go around pondering this magic? No, and perhaps it even seems naive to do so. We just use the app to check how far we are from the meeting or pub we are trying to get to.

We are now a species in space, our lives as well as the health of our planet scanned by satellites. Globalisation is not abstract but a scientific reality that is made visible in these timelapse images of our changing world. Yet that knowledge somehow does not get into the depths of our psyches. The GPS in our smartphones and cars is an unfortunate metaphor for a crushing failure of human imagination. We literally refuse to engage with the dazzling global and extra-global nature of modern life. It is all too complex, apparently.

We are mentally imprisoned, unable to soar in our minds to see the Earth as a satellite can see it. And it is killing us.

1. Summarize the text in no more than 80 words.

2. Give a synonym and an antonym word or expression for the following words from the text:

seared into torn apart

dazzling soar

pondering crushing

3. Write the phonetic transcription of the following words from the text:

naive globalisation

failure depths

psyches speed-up

4. Complete the sentences with a phrasal verb.a) I often use Wikipedia to_________________________information.

b) If you want to_________________________a bus in London, you will have to queue.

c) Can I_________________________the TV? I want to watch the weather forecast.



113

d) It is very hard to_________________________smoking.

e) It is so dark in here, you can really_________________________your sunglasses now.

f) Shall I_________________________and offer my seat to the old lady?

g) With a few buckets of water, we_________________________the fire.

h) Who will_________________________your cat when you are on holiday?

i) Would you like to_________________________your new dress today?

j) At the next stop, we have to_________________________the bus and________________________the street to the cinema.

5. Rewrite the following sentences using the word in bold so that the second sentence has the same meaning as the first. You cannot change the word in bold. In each gap, you can write between three and six words.a) If your sister didn’t work so hard, your family would starve! forWere it_________________________working so hard, your family would starve.

b) Margaret told her daughter never to touch the vase.circumstances‘Under_________________________this vase to be touched,’ Margaret told her daughter.c) We get on well with both of Jack’s parents.termsWe_________________________with both of Jack’s parents.

d) If we could choose, we’d prefer to go to Paris.ratherWe’d_________________________Paris if given the choice.

e) ‘Have you considered the cost of this project?’ Elena asked.accountElena wanted to know if they had taken_________________________of the project.

f) ‘You might have to drive a lot in this job,’ Greg said to KathyinvolveGreg told Kathy that the job_________________________of driving.

g) The airline never said anything about having overbooked the plane.timeAt _________________________tell us they had overbooked the plane.

h) If you left the bank at 3pm, it is possible you saw the thief.haveYou may_________________________you were in the bank at 3pm.

6. For each space, choose ONE word, which you think best completes the sentence. Look carefully at the words both before and after each space.a) In response to the question, Mary said that as_______________as she knew, the house was empty.

b) I knew there were rabbits in the park, but I’ve never seen that_______________of them here before.

c) I need the name of the person_______________car is parked right in front of mine. He’s completely blocking me!

d) Go down to the building site quickly. There appears to_______________been a bad accident.

e) We’ve now discovered you were the person who broke the door and in that_______________, we cannot be held responsible.

f) This is a great book,_______________only for those that are geology experts, but also for keen amateurs like myself.

g) I don’t like_______________type of spice; but pepper in particular, I can’t stand.

h) I’ve read_______________single book you can see in this room. I think I read three books a week.

7. For each question, fill the space in the sentence using the base word given in bold at the end. The required word may be a noun, adverb, adjective or verb and it may be either positive (e.g. helpful) or negative (e.g. unhelpful).1. In___________________with an ancient tradition, dinner will be served on blue china.

keep2. It’___________________rare to see large sharks in the Mediterranean Sea.


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credible3. The royal wedding finished with a___________________8-course meal in the evening.

majesty4. Scientists used a simple beetle as the________________for their invention of a water-collecting bottle for hot climates.

inspire5. A group of powerful___________________invested in the new company and made a fortune.

finance6. Helen Weldon has been totally___________________and a historian after it was shown she invented quotations.

credit7. In your___________________, how much money do we need to save in order to buy the house?

estimate8. Parking in the city centre can be a major___________________due to the narrow streets.

convenient



155

SOLUCIONESEXÁMENES PRÁCTICOS


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SOLUCIONES EXAMEN PRÁCTICO 1

1. Summarise the text in no more than 80 words.Several possible answers.


seared into burnt in / unexploited in torn apart devastated / preserved, protected

dazzling impressive, stunning / unimpressive, ordinary

soar ascend / descend

pondering considering / ignoring crushing destructive, devastating / creative, improving


naive /naɪˈiːv/ globalisation /ˌɡləʊbəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/

failure /ˈfeɪljə/ depths /dɛpθs/

psyches /ˈsaɪki(ː)z/ speed-up /ˈspiːdʌp/

4. Complete the sentences with a phrasal verb.a) I often use Wikipedia to look up information. b) If you want to get on a bus in London, you will have to queue. c) Can I turn on the TV? I want to watch the weather forecast. d) It is very hard to give up smoking. e) It is so dark in here, you can really take off your sunglasses now. f) Shall I stand up and offer my seat to the old lady? g) With a few buckets of water, we put out the fire. h) Who will look after your cat when you’re on holiday? i) Would you like to put on your new dress today? j) At the next stop we have to get off the bus and walk along the street to the cinema.

5. Rewrite the following sentences using the word in bold so that the second sentence has the same meaning as the first. You cannot change the word in bold. In each gap you can write between three and six words.a) Were it not for your sister working so hard, your family would starve.b) ‘Under no circumstances is this vase to be touched,’ Margaret told her daughter.c) We are on good terms with both of Jack’s parents.d) We’d rather go to Paris if given the choice.e) Elena wanted to know if they had taken into account the cost of the project.f) Greg told Kathy that the job might involve a lot of driving.g) At no time did the airline tell us they had overbooked the plane.h) You may have seen the thief if you were in the bank at 3pm.

6. For each space, choose ONE word, which you think best completes the sentence. Look carefully at the words both before and after each space.a) In response to the question, Mary said that as far as she knew, the house was empty.b) I knew there were rabbits in the park, but I’ve never seen that many of them here before.c) I need the name of the person whose car is parked right in front of mine. He’s completely blocking me!d) Go down to the building site quickly. There appears to have been a bad accident.e) We’ve now discovered you were the person who broke the door and in that case, we cannot be held responsible.f) This is a great book, not only for those that are geology experts, but also for keen amateurs like myself.g) I don’t like any type of spice; but pepper in particular, I can’t stand.h) I’ve read every single book you can see in this room. I think I read three books a week.

7. For each question, fill the space in the sentence using the base word given in bold at the end. The required word may be a noun, adverb, adjective or verb and it may be either positive (e.g. helpful) or negative (e.g. unhelpful).



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a) In keeping with an ancient tradition, dinner will be served on blue china.

b) It’ incredibly rare to see large sharks in the Mediterranean Sea.

c) The royal wedding finished with a majestic 8-course meal in the evening.

d) Scientists used a simple beetle as the inspiration for their invention of a water-collecting bottle for hot climates.

e) A group of powerful financiers invested in the new company and made a fortune.

f) Helen Weldon has been totally discredited and a historian after it was shown she invented quotations.

g) In your estimation, how much money do we need to save in order to buy the house?

h) Parking in the city centre can be a major inconvenience due to the narrow streets.

SOLUCIONES EXAMEN PRÁCTICO 2

1. Summarise the text in no more than 80 words.Several possible answers�


routine usual, common / unusual, extraordinary preview foresee / don’t anticipate, don’t prognosticate

pulls boosts / pushes down sharp accurate / moderate

fuelled fostered / hindered curb stop / release


glimpse /ɡlɪmps/ nuisance /ˈnjuːsəns/

oceans /ˈəʊʃənz/ coastal /ˈkəʊstəl/

alignment /əˈlaɪnmənt/ launched /lɔːnʧt/

4. Complete the sentences with a particle to complete a phrasal verb.a) I don’t know where my book is. I must look for it.b) Fill in the form, please.c) The music is too loud. Could you turn down the volume, please?d) Quick, get on the bus or you’ll have to walk home.e) Turn off the lights when you go to bed.f) Do you mind if I switch on the telly? I’d like to watch the news.g) The dinner was ruined. I had to throw it away. h) When you enter the house, take off your shoes and put some slippers on.i) If you don’t know this word, you can look it up in a dictionary.

5. Rewrite the following sentences using the word in bold so that the second sentence has the same meaning as the first. You cannot change the word in bold. In each gap you can write between three and six words.a) ‘Rarely do I go out on a Wednesday night,’ John said.b) Megan took back what she said about Harry being a coward.c) I think Mika hit your car on purpose.d) Trevor objected more to the pay freeze than the overtime.e) Sally advised June against saying too much to Chris.f) At no time are you permitted to be in this laboratory.g) On no account should you open this door.h) Daniel wished he had spoken more politely to his landlord.

6. For each space, choose ONE word, which you think best completes the sentence. Look carefully at the words both before and after each space.a) What this soldier did was above and beyond his expected duties. He’ll be awarded a medal.

b) We’ve had such distinguished guests as Roosevelt and Churchill dining here.

c) One of the main reasons we are getting out of the Australian market is due to tougher government regulations.

d) Despite forty people losing their jobs, the company merger was a success in every other way.


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e) We offer free delivery on all products and, in addition, five years of guarantee.

f) ‘What do you need in order to complete your work in time?’

g) Look at this sequence of numbers and tell me what the next one is.

h) If you succeed in increasing your sales by at least 10% this year, you’ll get a raise.

7. For each question, fill the space in the sentence using the base word given in bold at the end. The required word may be a noun, adverb, adjective or verb and it may be either positive (e.g. helpful) or negative (e.g. unhelpful).a) It was quite recently that human conception was first captured on camera.

b) It was my uncle Clive that provided me with advice and sound guidance when I was young.

c) The author has a stilted and dated style, which I found tough to enjoy.

d) Local planners admit they underestimated the number of tourists that would come for the festival.

e) As is invariably the case when I go to a restaurant, I ate too much and spent a fortune!

f) It’s a hot day today, so take the precaution of using sun cream and drinking plenty of water.

g) Whatever conclusions are drawn from these results, you can’t deny it was a groundbreaking experiment.

h) Mr Hansard was elected President after a disputed election result.

SOLUCIONES EXAMEN PRÁCTICO 31. Summarise the text in no more than 80 words.

Several possible answers�


decimated annihilated, wiped out / created gleefully merrily, cheerfully / sadly, unhappily

effeminate womanish / manly tamed domesticated / become untamed, undisciplined

excruciating torturous, painful / bearable abated receded / advanced, developed


plague /pleɪɡ/ hung /hʌŋ/

terrorized /ˈtɛrəraɪzd/ culture /ˈkʌltʃə/

trauma /ˈtrɔːmə/ granular /ˈɡrænjʊlə/

4. Complete the sentences with a particle to complete a phrasal verb.a) Put your shoes on -it’s too cold to walk around barefoot.

b) You must get up now or you will be late for school.

c) Sit down please. I’ll be with you in a minute.

d) Could you write this word down for me, please?

e) Don’t give up singing. You are very talented.

f) Where is the fitting room? I’d like to try on these trousers.

g) Have you tidied up the kitchen, yet?

h) My little sister woke me up in the middle of the night.

i) Don’t put the vase there, it will fall down.

j) Adam switched on his torch, so we could find our way home in the dark.

5. Rewrite the following sentences using the word in bold so that the second sentence has the same meaning as the first. You cannot change the word in bold. In each gap you can write between three and six words.a)Tina said it was the manager who broke the computer.

b) The perfect diamond cost a lot more than the flawed one.

c) Who came up with that horrible name for the new company?


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SUPUESTOS PRÁCTICOSDE INGLÉS SECUNDARIA | TRADUCCIONES

TRADUCCIÓN DE

TEXTOS CLÁSICOS


SUPUESTOS PRÁCTICOS DE INGLÉS SECUNDARIA | TRADUCCIONES

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1. «El amigo fiel», de Oscar WildeUna mañana, la vieja rata de agua sacó la cabeza por su agujero. Tenía unos ojos redondos muy vivarachos y unos tupidos bigotes grises. Su cola parecía un largo elástico negro. Unos patitos nadaban en el estanque semejantes a una bandada de canarios amarillos, y su madre, toda blanca con patas rojas, esforzábase en enseñarles a hundir la cabeza en el agua.

–No podréis ir nunca a la buena sociedad si no aprendéis a meter la cabeza –les decía. Y les enseñaba de nuevo cómo tenían que hacerlo. Pero los patitos no prestaban ninguna atención a sus lecciones. Eran tan jóvenes que no sabían las ventajas que reporta la vida de sociedad.

–¡Qué criaturas más desobedientes! –exclamó la rata de agua– ¡Merecían ahogarse verdaderamente!

–¡No lo quiera Dios! –replicó la pata–. Todo tiene sus comienzos y nunca es demasiada la paciencia de los padres.

–¡Ah! No tengo la menor idea de los sentimientos paternos –dijo la rata de agua– No soy padre de familia. Jamás me he casado, ni he pensado en hacerlo. Indudablemente el amor es una buena cosa a su manera; pero la amistad vale más. Le aseguro que no conozco en el mundo nada más noble o más raro que una fiel amistad.

–Y, dígame, se lo ruego, ¿qué idea se forma usted de los deberes de un amigo fiel? –preguntó un pardillo verde que había escuchado la conversación posado sobre un sauce retorcido.

–Sí, eso es precisamente lo que quisiera yo saber –dijo la pata, y nadando hacia el extremo del estanque, hundió su cabeza en el agua para dar buen ejemplo a sus hijos.

–¡Necia pregunta! –gritó la rata de agua–. ¡Como es natural, entiendo por amigo fiel al que me demuestra fidelidad!

–¿Y qué hará usted en cambio? –dijo la avecilla columpiándose sobre una ramita plateada y moviendo sus alitas.

–No le comprendo a usted –respondió la rata de agua.

–Permitidme que les cuente una historia sobre el asunto –dijo el pardillo.

–¿Se refiere a mí esa historia? –preguntó la rata de agua– Si es así, la escucharé gustosa, porque a mí me vuelven loca los cuentos.

–Puede aplicarse a usted –respondió el pardillo. Y abriendo las alas, se posó en la orilla del estanque y contó la historia del amigo fiel.

1. ‘The Devoted Friend’, by Oscar WildeOne morning the old Water rat put his head out of his hole. He had bright beady eyes and stiff grey whiskers, and his tail was like a long bit of black India rubber. The little ducks were swimming about in the pond, looking just like a lot of yellow canaries, and their mother, who was pure white with real red legs, was trying to teach them how to stand on their heads in the water.

‘You will never be in the best society unless you can stand on your heads,’ she kept saying to them; and every now and then, she showed them how it was done. But the little ducks paid no attention to her. They were so young that they did not know what an advantage it is to be in society at all.

‘What disobedient children!’ cried the old Water rat; ‘they really deserve to be drowned.’

‘Nothing of the kind,’ answered the Duck, ‘everyone must make a beginning, and parents cannot be too patient.’

‘Ah! I know nothing about the feelings of parents,’ said the Water-rat; ‘I am not a family man. In fact, I have never been married, and I never intend to be. Love is all very well in its way, but friendship is much higher. Indeed, I know of nothing in the world that is either nobler or rarer than a devoted friendship.’

‘And what, pray, is your idea of the duties of a devoted friend?’ asked a Green Linnet, who was sitting in a willow-tree hard by, and had overheard the conversation.

‘Yes, that is just what I want to know,’ said the Duck, and she swam away to the end of the pond, and stood upon her head, in order to give her children a good example.

‘What a silly question!’ cried the Water rat. ‘I should expect my devoted friend to be devoted to me, of course.’

‘And what would you do in return?’ said the little bird, swinging upon a silver spray, and flapping his tiny wings.

‘I don’t understand you,’ answered the Water rat.

‘Let me tell you a story on the subject,’ said the Linnet.

‘Is the story about me?’ asked the Water rat. If so, I will listen to it, for I am extremely fond of fiction.’

‘It is applicable to you,’ answered the Linnet; and he flew down, and alighting upon the bank, he told the story of The Devoted Friend.


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