Rajeev

Indraj

ith

wï,hla hkq l=ula o@

m%n, wï,

ÿn, wï,

idkaø wï, yd ;kql wï, (Concentrated acids & Dilute acids)

wï,hla hkak ú.%ylsÍug w;S;fha isg úúO l%u Ndú; úh bka nyq,j Ndú; jkafka keu;s úoH{hd úiska bÈßm;a l, woyihs

c,Sh ødjKhl§ whkslrKh ù tlu Ok whkh f,i yhssârcka whk uqodyßk ridhksl ixfhda. wï, fõ

+Wod(- yhsâfrdalaf,daßla wï,h c,Sh ødjKhl § my; ±lafjk wldrhg whkSlrKh ù H whkuqodyÍ

-HCl + Cl(aq) (aq) (aq)

+ H whk uqod yeÍfï m%N,;dj u; wï, m%n, wï, yd ÿn, wï, f,i j¾. lr we;

+ c,Sh ødjKhl § mQ¾K jYfhka whkSlrKh ù H whk uqodyßk wï, m%n, wï, f,i yy÷kajhs

+ -Wod(- HCl H + Cl(aq) (aq) (aq)

H SO 2 4 (aq)

HNO 3 (aq)

+m%n, wï, ødjKhl ksoyia wKq fkdmj;S H whk yd wod, wekdhk we;

+ c,Sh ødjKhl § w¾O jYfhka whkSlrKh ù H whk uqodyßk wï, ÿ%n, wï, f,i yy÷kajhs

Wod(- weisála wï,h (CH COOH)3

ldfndksla wï,h(H CO )2 3

fmdiafmdßla wï,h(H PO )3 4

ÿn, wï,hl c,Sh ødjKhl § ú>gkh fkdjQ wKq tf,iu mj;s

;kql lsrSfï § lsisÿ úgl wï,hg wdi%e; c,h tl;= lsßfuka j<lskak wdi%e; c,hg wï,h tlalrkak

wdySkshia

+H

Science - 01- Rajeewa Indrajith(B.Sc)

Rajeev

Indraj

ith

wï, j, .=K

01 ,S f,day yd frÈ jeks øjH j, ;ejreK úg úLdokhg ,la lrkw;r ifï ;ejreK úg ;o n, ms<siaiSï we;s lrhs

02 ,dCIKsl wUq,a rihlska hqla; fõ

03 c,Sh ødjK úÿ,sh ikakhkh lrhs

04 ks,a ,sÜuia r;= meyehg yrjhs

05 pH w.h 0 ;a 7 ;a w;r fõ

+06 c,Sh øjK j,§ whkslrKh ù H whk uqod yÍ

01 ;kql wï, iuÕ ilS%h;d fY%aKSfha yhsârcka j,g jvd by<ska we;s uQ, øjH m%;sl%shd lrf,dayfha ,jKh idok w;r yhsârcka jdhqj msglrhs

Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) MgCl (aq) + H (g)2 2

Al(s) + HCl(aq)

Mg(s) + H SO (aq)2 4

K(s) + HNO (aq)3

02 wï, Niau iu. m%;sl%shd lr wod, ,jKh iy c,h idohs

HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) NaCl(aq) + H O (l)2

H SO (aq) + NaOH(aq)2 4

03 wï, ldnfkag yd nhsldnfkag iuÕ m%;sl%shd lr ldnkavfhdlaihsâ jdhqj msg lrhs

CaCO (s) + 2HCl(aq) CaCl (aq) + CO (g) + H O(l)3 2 2 2

yhsâfrdalaf,daßla wï,h

................................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................................

i,a*shqßla wï,h

................................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................................

fN!;sl .=K

ridhksl .=K

wï, lsysmhl Ndú; wjia:d

Science - 02- Rajeewa Indrajith(B.Sc)

Rajeev

Indraj

ith

Science - 03- Rajeewa Indrajith(B.Sc)

................................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................................

weisála wï,h ^t;fkdhsla wï,h&

................................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................................

khsÜßla wï,h

................................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................................

c,Sh ødjKhl§ whkSlrKh ù tlu wekdhkh f,i whk uqodyßk ridhkslixfhda. Niau f,i y÷kajhs

+ -NaOH(aq) Na (aq) + OH (aq)

- c,Sh ødjKhl§ mQ¾K f,i whkslrKh ù OH whk uqod yßk Niau m%n, Niau f,iy÷kajhs

Wod(-+ -

NaOH(aq) Na (aq) + OH (aq)

KOH(aq)

- c,Sh ødjKhl§ w¾O jYfhka whkSlrKh ù OH whk uqodyßk Niau ÿn, Niau f,iy÷kajhs

Wod(-wefudakshd ødjKh - NH OH(aq)4

+ -NH OH(aq) NH (aq) + OH (aq)4 4

wefudakshd ødjKhla ;=, ú>gkh fkdjq wKq mj;S

Niau (Base)

m%n, Niau

ÿn, Niau

-OH

Rajeev

Indraj

ith

laIdr

fN!;sl .=K

ridhksl .=K

Niau lsysmhl Ndú; wjia:d

c,fha øjH jk Niau laIdr f,i y÷kajhs

Wod(- fidaähï yhsfv%dlaihsâ ^ &

fmdgEishï yhsfv%dlaihsâ ^ &

wefudakshï yhsfv%dlaihsâ ^ &

Niau j, .=K

01 inka fuka ,siaik iqt iajNdjhla we;

02 ,dCIKsl ;s;a; rila we;

03 laIdr j, c,Sh ødjK úÿ,sh ikakhkh lrhs

- 04 laIdr c,Sh ødjK j,§ OH whk msglrhs

05 r;= ,sÜuia ks,a meyehg yrjhs

06 pH w.h 7 isg 14 olajd fõ

01 Niau wï, iuÕ m%;sl%shd lr ,jKh iy c,h idohs

KOH(aq) + HNO (aq)3

02 Al , Sn ,Zn jeks f,day Niau iuÕ fukau wï, iu. o m%;sl%shd lrhs

wf,day Tlaihsv c,fha Èh ùfuka wdï,sl ødjK o f,day Tlaihsv c,fha Èh ùfukaNdiañl ødjK o idohs

Wod(-

01 fidaähï yhsfv%laihsâ

................................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................................

02 ue.akSishï yhsfv%dlaihsâ

................................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................................

NaOH(aq) + H SO (aq) Na SO (aq) + H O(l)2 4 2 4 2

Science - 04- Rajeewa Indrajith(B.Sc)

laIdr

Niau

Rajeev

Indraj

ith

l%shdldrlu

fuys ±lafjk c,Sh ødjK j,g tla tla o¾Ylh tl;= lr ksÍCIKh my; j.=fõ igyka lrkak

;kql yhsâfrdalaf,daßla wï,h

foys hqI

;kql i,a*shqßla wï,h

úkdlsß

;kql fidaähï yhsâfrdalaihsâ ødjKh

inka Èhr

wï, Niau y÷kd .ekSu i|yd Ndú; lrk øjH wï, Niau o¾Ylf,i y÷kajhs tla tla udOh ;=, § tajd fmkajk j¾Kh wkqj wï, Niau o¾Yl y÷kd.ekSu isÿ lrhs iq,nj Ndú; jk wï, Niau o¾Yl lsysmhla yd tajd tla tla udOh ;=,§fmkajk j¾Kh my; ±lafõ

o¾Ylh wdï,sl j¾Kh WodiSk j¾Kh Ndiañl j¾Kh

,sÜuia r;= oï ks,a

msfkdama;e,Ska wj¾K wj¾K frdai

fu;s,a Tf¾kaÊ r;= ;eô,s ly

by; i|yka wï, Niau o¾Yl u.ska wdï,sl Ndiañl nj y÷kd.; yels jqj o wï,fha fydaNiaufha m%n,;dj m%ldYl, fkdyel kuq;a pH mßudKh u.ska wdï,sl Ndiañl nj muKla fkdj wï,fha yd Niaufha m%n;dj mjd o< jYfhka m%ldY l< yelsh

ødjKhl wdï,sl fyda Ndiañl nj m%ldY lsÍug Ndú; fõ 0 isg 14 olajdÈfjk mßudKhlg wkqj fuh ilia lr we;

fndfyda úg ,d ly meye;s lvodis f,i úoHd.dr j,g imhd we;

0 ;a 7 w;r mßudKh wï, i|yd jk w;r 7 ;a 14 w;r Niau i|ydh

ixY=oaO c,h,iSkS,.a¨fldaia,¨Kq,uOHidr jeks WodiSk ifhda. j, pH w.h 7ls

m%n, wï, j, pH w.h 0 - 1 jkj w;r m%n, Niau j, pH w.h 13-14 fõ

o¾Yl Ndú;fhka wï, Niau y÷kd .ekSu

ødjKh ,sÜuia r;=$ks,a fu;s,a Tf¾kaÊ msfkdma;e,Ska

wï, Niau o¾Yl

pH mßudKh

Science - 05- Rajeewa Indrajith(B.Sc)

ks,a r;= r;= wj¾K

Rajeev

Indraj

ith

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

pH lvodis wod, ødjKh ;=, .s,a jq úg ,efnk j¾Kh imhd we;s iïu; j¾K we;=,;alvodis ;Srej iuÕ iei£fuka j¾Khg wod, pH w.h lshjd .kq ,efí tu.ska wdï,slNdiañl fyda WodiSk nj y÷kd .; yels w;r wï,fha fyda Niaufha m%n,;dj ms<sn|j owjfndaOhla ,nd .; yel

y÷kajhs wm tÈfkod Ôú;fha nyq,j Ndú; lrk ¨Kq ,jKhls tfuka mdpkh jeks ;;ajj,§ frda.Skag ,ndfok fia,hska ødjKh ;=,o ,jK wka;¾.; fõ

ksoiqka (-

yhsfv%dalaf,daßla wï,h ue.akSishï Tlaihsâ iu. m%;sl%shd lr ..................... ............................. idohs

m%;sl%shdlrk wï,fha fyda Niaufha m%n,;dj u; iEfok ,jKh wdï,sl Ndiañlfyda WodiSk úh yelsh m%n, wï, yd m%n, Niau m%;sl%shd lsÍu u.ska iEfok ,jK WodiSkúh yel

ksoiqk(- 1 HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) + H O (l)2

ksoiqk(- 2 H SO (aq) + KOH(aq)2 4

,jK

wï,hla Niauhla iu. m%;sl%shd lsÍfuka iEfok whksl ixfhda.h ,jKhla f,i

NaCl(aq)WodiSk ,jKh

Science - 06- Rajeewa Indrajith(B.Sc)

SJC

01 reêr ixirKh hkq l=ula o@

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

02 reêrh Tiafia ixrKh jk øjHh fudkjdo@

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

03 újD; reêr ixirK moaO;shla yd ixjD; reêr ixirK moaO;shla hkaky÷kajkak---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

04 oaú;aj reêr ixirKh hkq l=ulao@

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

05 oaú;aj reêr ixirKhla mej;Sfï jdish l=ula o@

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

06 udkj reêr ixirK moaO;shg wh;a fldgia kï lrkak

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

udkj reêr ixirK moaO;sh

09

R.I.

SJC

07 reêr kd, iïnkaO my; j.=j iïmQ¾K lrkak

Ouks kd, Ysrd kd, reêr flaYkd,sld

08 udkj yDofha msysàu i|yka lrkak

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

09 my; ±lafjkafka udkj yDohl isria lvls tys fldgia kï lrkak

a ---------------------------------

b ----------------------------------

c ----------------------------------

d ---------------------------------

e ---------------------------------

f ---------------------------------

g ----- ------------------------------ h ------------------------------------------------

I ------------------------------------ j -------------------------------------------------

k ----------------------------------- l -------------------------------------------------

10

a

b

c

de

f

g

h

I

j

kl

m

n

o

pq

q

r

st

R.I.

SJC

m ---------------------------------- n -------------------------------------------------

o ----------------------------------- p -------------------------------------------------

10 yDoh ;=,g reêrh f.k tk m%Odk jdysks 2 ,shkak

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------11 yDofhka bj;g reêrh f.k hk m%Odk jdyskS 2 ,shkak

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

12 mQ¾j uyd Ysrdfõ ld¾hh l=ulao @

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

13 wmr uyd Ysrdfõ ld¾hh l=ulaao @

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

14 oaú ;=Kav yd ;%S ;=Kav lmdg j, ld¾hh l=ula o@

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

15 wv i| lmdg j, ld¾hh l=ula o@

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

16 l¾Ksld ì;a;s j,g jvd fldaIsld ì;a;s >klñka jeä wehs @

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

17 ol=Kq l¾Ksldfõ ì;a;shg jvd jï l¾ksldfõ ì;a;s >klï wehs @

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

18 ysig reêrh imhk m%Odk jdysksh l=ulao@

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

19 ol=Kq yd jï ndyq j,g reêrh imhk m%Odk jdysks ,shkak

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

20 yD;a rÊcq j, ld¾hh l=ulao@

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

21 yDo ì;a;sfha fmaYS j,g reêrh imhk jdysksh l=ulao@

11

R.I.

SJC

22 yD;a pl%hla hkq l=ulao @

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

23 yD;a pl%fha wjia:d 3 kï lrkak

---------------------------- -------------------------- -----------------------------------

24 yDo iamkaokh hkq l=ulao@

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

25 yDoh l%shd;aul ùfï§ ffjoHjre fjo k,dj wOdrfhka Y%jKh lrk Yío 2y÷kajkak

,í Yíoh --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

vma Yíoh ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

26 by; Yío widudkH ;;ajhla we;s ku ffjoHjre bka ks.ukh lrkafka l=ulao @

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

27 ksfrda.S mqoa.,fhl=f.a reêr mSvkfha idudkH w.h iïu; wdldrhg ,shkak

28 reêr msvkh uekSug .kakd WmlrKh l=ulao@

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

29 reêr mSvkh idudkH w.hg jvd jeä jk wjia:d fudkjdo@

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

30 reêr mSvkh idudkH w.hg jvd wvq jk wjia:d fudkjdo@

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

0.1 s

0.3 s0.4 s

12

R.I.

SJC

31 ECG igykla hkq l=ulao@

--------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------

P - QRS - T -

32 ECG igykla u.ska wkdjrKh lr.; yels lreKq fudkjdo @ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

33 ñksidf.a oaú;aj reêr ixirKh fmkajk igykla my; ±lafõ

^i& A,B,C yd D l=àr kï lrkak

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

^ii& E isg P olajd reêr jdyskS kï lrkak------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

^iii& m%Odk reêr jdyskS 2 lska reêrh imhk bkaøh l=ulaao@

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

^iv& fmkye,s ;=,§ reêrhg tl;= jk yd reêrfhka bj;ajk øjHla ,sshkak

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------^v& jeäu fmdaIl m%udKhla wka;¾.; jdysksh l=ulao@

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

^vi& E yd F jdyskS j, wka;¾.; reêrfha m%Odk fjkia lula ,shkak

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

P

Q

R

S

T

N

O

P

13

R.I.

SJC

34 jid ;r,h hkq l=ulao@

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

35 jid moaO;sh iukaú; jk m%Odk fldgia 3,shkak----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

36 rEm igyfka jid moaO;shg wh;a fldgia kï lrkak

-------------------------------------------

-------------------------------------------

-------------------------------------------

-------------------------------------------

-------------------------------------------

-------------------------------------------37 m%Odk jid jdysks 2 kï lrkak

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

38 jid .eá;s hkq fudkjdo@

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

39 l=oafoá hkqfjka y÷kajkafka fudkjdo@

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

40 jid moaO;sfha lD;Hh fudkjdo@

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------41 ixirK moao;sh wdYs%; my; tla tla frda.h y÷kajkak

*we;frdialaf<frdaishdj -

*f;%dïfndaish -

*wOHd;;sh yd ukaod;sh -14

R.I.

6. udkj foay l%shdj,s

wdydr Ô¾K moaO;sh

01 wdydr Ô¾Kh hkq l=ulao@

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

02 hdka;%sl Ô¾Kh hkq l=ulao@

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

03 ridhksl Ô¾Kh hkq l=ulao@

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

04 Ô¾Kh ùula ke;sj iDcqju foayhg wjfYdaIKh lr.; yels fmdaIl fudkjdo@----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

05 udkj wdydr Ô¾K moaO;sfha fldgia kï lrkak

01Rajeewa Indrajith

06 wdydr Ô¾K moaO;shg wh;a w;sf¾l fldgia fudkjdo@

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

07 uqL l=yrh ;=,oS wdydrfha isÿjk hdka;%sl Ô¾Kh myokak

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

08 uqL l=yrh ;=, isÿjk ridhksl Ô¾Kh hkq l=ulao@

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

msIagh fuda,afgdaia

09 ñksidf.a oka; úkHdih ,shkak

10 wdydr Ô¾KfhaoS osfjka bgqjk ld¾hh ,shkak

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

11 uqLfhka miq wdydrh .uka lrkafka l=uk jHqyhlgo@

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------12 wmsðúysldfõ ld¾hh myokak

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

13 wdydr .=,sh fyda c,h wkakfi%da;hg we;t fkdù .%iksldjg we;=t jqjfyd;a

02Rajeewa Indrajith

l=ula isÿ fõo@

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------14 yels,S mj;sk wkakfi%da;h ;=,ska wydr .uka lrkafka flfiao@

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

15 wdudYh ;=, isÿjk wydr Ô¾Kh myokak

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

16 wdudYhsl hqIfha wka;¾.; tkaihsu fudkjdo@ tu.ska isÿ jk Ô¾Kh myokak

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

fm%daàk fmd,sfmmaghsv

17 wdudYh ;=, wdydrh fldmuK ld,hla mj;so@

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

18 wdu,ih hkq l=ulao@

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

19 laIødka;fha m%Odk l,dm 3 ,shkak

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

20 laIødka;fha wdydr Ô¾kh ioyd iyNd.s jk tkaihsu j¾. 2 ,shkak-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

21 .%yKshg we;=t jk wdydr fldgia j, wka;¾ .; ix>gl fudkjdo

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

22 jevqKq ñksfil=f.a l=vd wka;%fha os. fldmuKo@

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

23 my; igyk weiqfrka ms<s;=re imhkak03

Rajeewa Indrajith

^i& a,b,c,d yd e fldgia kï lrkak---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

^ii& X f,i kï lr we;s .%kaÓh l=ulao@

-----------------------------------------^iii& C u.ska i%djh lrk øjHh l=ulao@

-----------------------------------------

^iv& C ys .nvd lr we;s i%djh ksmojk .%kaÓh l=ula o@

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------^v& m yd n m%Kd, 2 kï lrkak

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

24 ms; wdydr Ô¾Khg odhl jk whqre fláfhka meyeÈ,s lrkak

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

25 msf;ys wka;¾.; ix>gl kï lrkak

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------25 w.akHdYhsl hqIfha wka;¾ .; my; tkaihsu j,g wod, tkaihsó h

m%;sl%shd iïmq¾K lrkak

26 ff;f,daolrKh wdydr cS¾Khg odhl jk whqre myokak

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

27 laIøddka;% ì;a;sh u.ska i%djh lrk wdka;%sl hqIfha wka;¾.; ix>gl fudkjdo@----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

28 wdka;%sl hqIfha wka;¾.; my; tkaihsóh m%;sl%shd iïmQ¾K lrkak

04Rajeewa Indrajith

a

bc

d

e

x

m

n

á%maiSka

weuhsf,aia

,hsfmaia

29 my; ioyka tla tla fmdIl ix>glfha Ô¾K wka;M,h ioykalrkak

ldfndayhsfä%g - -----------------------------

fm%daàk - -----------------------------

,smsv - -----------------------------

30 Ô¾K wka;M, ld¾HCIuj wjfYdaIKh ioyd laIødka;%fha wjidk fldgi jk fYaIdka;%slh fmkajk wkqj¾;k fudkjdo@

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

31 wx.=,sldjl jHqyh my; ±lafõ ta weiqfrka ms<s;=re imhkak

fud,afÜia

iqlaf¾aia

,elafÜia

fmmaáfâia

05Rajeewa Indrajith

ab

c

^i& fldgia kï lrkak

^ii& Ô¾k wka;M, ld¾hCIuj wjfYdaIKh ioyd fuu jHqyh fmkajk wkqj¾;k fudkjdo@

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------^iii& reêr flaYkd,sld ;=,g wjfYdaIKh jk Ô¾K M, fudkjdo@

------------------------------- ----------------------------------------

------------------------------- ----------------------------------------^iv& mfhda,i kd, j,g wjfYdaIKh jk wka;M, fudkjdo@

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

32 fïo wï, yd .a,sifrda,a mfhda,i kd, j, isg reêr ixirK moaO;shg we;=t jk ud¾.h ,shkak

33 reêrfha jeämqr we;s .a¨fldaia j,g l=ula isÿ fõo @

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

34 uyd wka;%fha wdrïNl yd wjidk jHqy fudkjdo@

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

35 WKavql mqÉP m%odyh hkq l=ulao@

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

36 uyd wka;%h u.ska isÿlrk lD;H l=ulao@

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

37 u, f,i y÷kajkafka l=ula o@

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

38 u, ly meyehla .kafka wehs @

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

a

b

c

06Rajeewa Indrajith

39 u, j, wka;¾.; ix>gl fudkjd o@

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

40 my; tla tla frda.h tys frda. ,CIK yd Bg fya;= ,shkak

a& .eiag%hsàia

frda.h (-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

frda. ,CIK(-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

fya;=j (---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

n,mEu (-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

b& u, noaOh

frda.h (-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

frda. ,CIK(-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

fya;=j (----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

n,mEu (-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

c& WKikaksmd;h

frda.h (-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

frda. ,CIK(-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

fya;=j (----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

07Rajeewa Indrajith

n,mEu (-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

d& mdpkh

frda.h (-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

frda. ,CIK(-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

fya;=j (----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

n,mEu (-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

41 WK ikaksmd;h yd mdpkh j<lajd .eKsug .; yels fyd| fi!LH mqreÿ4 ,shkak--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-

08Rajeewa Indrajith

SJC

ñksidf.a iudfhdack l%shdj,sh yd iuiaÓ;sh

iudfhdackhlsishï lD;Hhla bgq lrk úg tu l%shdjg wod, foay wjhj yd fldgia talrdYS

lr.ksñka ta w;r ukd iïnkaëlrKhla mj;ajd .ekSu

iudfhdack wdldr

01 iakdhql iudfhdackh - iakdhq moaO;sfha uQ,sl;ajfhka foayh ;=, isÿjkiudfhdackh

i;=ka ;=, muKla ±lsh yel

iakdhq wdfõ. fyj;a mKsúv hï úoHq;a l%uhlg.uka .kakd ksid úoHq;a iudfhdackh f,i oy÷kajhs

02 wiakdhql iudfhdackh- iakdhq moaO;sfha ueÈy;a ùfuka f;drj foayh ;=,isÿjk iudfhdackh

Ydl yd i;=ka ;=, ±lsh yel

fuys§ iakdhq wdfõ. .uka .kafka fydafudak kïldnksl ridhkhla wOdrfhka ksid ridhksliudfhdackh f,io y÷kajhs

iakdhql iudfhdakh yd wdY%S; mo lsysmhl w¾:h

01 W;af;ach - Ôúfhl= ;=, ldhsl jYfhka fyda p¾Hhduh jYfhka fjkila we;s lsßug iu;a tu ðúhdf.a ndysr fydawNHka;r mßirfha isÿjk ´kEu fjkils

02 m%;spdrh - ðùka W;af;ac i|yd olajk m%;sl%shdj

03 ldrlh - m%;spdr ±laùug fhdod .kakd foay fldgi^fmaYS$.%kaÓ&

04 m%;s.%dylh - ðùka W;af;ac ,nd .kakd bkaøhka

05 foay,sh w.h - Ôùkag W;af;achla ixfõokh ùug ;sìh hq;= W;af;acfha wju ;sj%;djh

iakdhq moaO;sfha jHqyuh tallh

iakdhq moaO;sfha jHqyuh tallh jkafka iakdhq ffi,hskshqfrdak j¾. 3ls

01 ixfõol kshqfrdak 02 pd,l kshqfrdak 03 wka;¾ydr kshqfrdak

*fud<h ;=, yuqjk kshqfrda.a,shd kï úfYaI kshqfrdak ffi, j¾.hla we;

flá igyka

15

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SJC

iakdhq moaO;sfha jHqyh

uOH iakdhq moaO;sh

)fud<h yd iqIqïkdfjka iE§ we;)fud<h ysia ln, fyj;a lmd,h ;=, msysghs)iqIqïkdj lfYarej ;=, msysá È.= kd,dldr jHqyhls)lmd,h yd lfYarej uÕska uOH iakdhq moaO;sh wdrCId ù we;)óg wu;rj fufkxð mg, 3 lska o wdrCId ú we;

jrdYsldj- lmd,h yd lfYarejg we,S we;c,dldr mg,h- uia;SIAl iqIqïkd ;r,h

mj;sÖkdxY=ldj

)uia;SIal iqIqïkd ;r,h fufkxÔ mg, w;r msysá ;r,hls)iqIqïkdfõ uOH kd,h ;=, jeä fldgila we;)fud<fha fldaIsld ;=,o ;r,h msß mj;s)fï wkqj fud<fha msg;ska yd we;=,;ska fuu ;r,h msysghs)fldaIsld ;=, yd uOH kd,h ;=, we;s mCIu p,kh úu uÕska fuu ;r,h ixirKh fõ)fuu ;r,h ;=, we;s Yafõ;dKq uÕska wdidokhkaf.ka j<lajd .kS)uia;SIal iqIqïkd ;r,h i%djh lrkafka reêr .%dys m%;dkj, we;s wmsÉPo ffi, u.sks

iqIqïkdj

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SJC

fud<hg wh;a fldgia yd tys lD;H

m%;Sl l%shdfud<fha bÉPdkq. ueÈy;a ùulska f;drj isÿjk l%shd

m%;Sl pdmhm%;Sl l%shdjl§ iakdhq wdfõ. .uka lrk ud¾.h

lmd, m%;Sl

iqIqïkd m%;Sl

;e,uiyhsfmd;e,ui

iqIqïkdj

iu lmd, wiÓh

uia;SIalh m%;s.%dyl j, isg ,efnk wdfõ. ,nd.ekSu yd tu ixfõok yÿkd.ekSu yd .nvdlsßu

bÉPdkq. l%shd md,kh

is;su nqoaêh wdorh u;kh ks¾udKYS,s nj jeks Wiia udkisl l%shd md,kh ixfõok md,kh

lmd, wiaÓhfud<hg hdka;%sl wdrCIdj

óg iïnkaO fkfkxð mg,we;s ;r,h u.ska wdrCIdj

yhsfmda;e,uiWIAK;aj md,k uOHia:dkh

msáhqgßfhka fydafudak md,kh

yDo iamkakh l=i.skak c, ;=,H;djmd,kh

wkquia;SIalhfoay iu;=,s;;djh mj;ajd .eksufoay p,k iudfhdackhbÉPdkq. fmaYs md,kh

iqIqïkd YS¾IlhYajikh yDo iamkaokhreêr msvkh md,kh

leiai jukh wdydr.s,sulsúiSu md,kh

iqIqïkdjfud<h lrd iakdhq wdfõ./f.k tauiuyr wksÉPdkq. l%shd md,kh

;e,ui

úúO m%foaY j,ska tk iakdhqwdfõ. fud<h fj; fhduq lsßu

msáhqgßh

fydafudak i%djh lsßu

uia;SIal iqIqïkd ;r,fha ld¾hh

lïmk wjfYdaIKhfud<hg yd iqIqïkdjg W;ama,djl;dj iemhSuúc,kfhka yd CIø Ôúkf.ka wdrCIdjfmdaIl iemhSuWIAK;aj fjkiaùï j,ska wdrCIdj

17

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ks¾kd, .%kaÓh i%djh jk fyda¾fudak lD;Hh

msáhqgßh

;hsfrdhsvh

w.akHdYh

wêjDlal .%kaÓ

äïn fldaI

jDIK

18R.I