Post on 19-Jan-2016
Paulo Repa
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Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
Paulo Repa
repapaul@gmail.com
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LDAP Paulo Repa
What is a directory?
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Directory Information Tree
o=acme
ou=Sales ou=Marketing ou=Product Development
cn=Fred cn=Fred cn=Joe
cn=Lotty
cn=Fred,ou=Sales,o=acmeDN for Fred in Sales:
cn=eng_lw3
cn=lpr1
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Directory Solutions
Netscape Directory Server (iPlanet)
SCO UnixWare 7
IBM SecureWay (formerly eNetwork)
Novell NDS
OpenLdap (Linux) Recommended
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Directory server setup
Schema
ACLs
Data backup and restore
LDIF
UnixWare 7 Directory
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Directory Setup
scoadmin ldap
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Backend Setup
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Directory server setup
Schema
ACLs
Data backup and restore
LDIF
UnixWare 7 Directory
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Attribute Schema
Defined in slapd.at.conf
Specifies attribute syntax
attribute jpegphoto bin
attribute telephonenumber tel
attribute userpassword ces
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Objectclass Schema
objectclass simplePersonrequires
cn,sn,objectClass
allowsjpegPhoto,mail,telephoneNumber,userPassword,creatorsName,createtimestamp,modifiersname,modifytimestamp
Defines object contents
Defined in slapd.oc.conf
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Directory server setup
Schema
ACLs
Data backup and restore
LDIF
UnixWare 7 Directory
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ACLs
access to attr=userPassword by self write
by * none
ldapstop -i acme
ldapstart -i acme
Controls access for read, write, search, compare and delete operations
Entry or attribute level
Defined in slapd.acl.conf
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Directory server setup
Schema
ACLs
Data backup and restore
LDIF
UnixWare 7 Directory
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Data Backup and Restore
ldbmcat -n id2entry.dbb
ldif2ldbm -i data.ldif
Don’t forget directory configuration
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LDAP Paulo Repa
Directory server setup
Schema
ACLs
Data backup and restore
LDIF
UnixWare 7 Directory
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LDIF
LDAP Data Interchange Format
Portable
Human readable (almost...)
dn: o=acme
objectclass: organization
o: acme
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LDIF Update Statements
add
delete
modify (attribute add, delete, replace)
moddn
dn: cn=Joe, ou=Product Development, o=acme
changetype: modify
replace: telephoneNumber
telephoneNumber: 958-1234
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LDAP Commands
ldapsearch
ldapmodify
ldapadd
ldapdelete
ldapmodrdn
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ldapsearch
ldapsearch -h ldapsvr.acme.com -D “cn=admin” -w “secret” -b “o=acme” -s one “objectclass=*”
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ldapmodify
ldapmodify -h ldapsvr.acme.com -D “cn=admin” -w “secret” -f modifications.ldif
dn: cn=Joe, ou=Product Development, o=acme
replace: telephoneNumber
telephoneNumber: 958-1234
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ldapadd
ldapmodify -a -h ldapsvr.acme.com -D “cn=admin” -w “secret” -f additions.ldif
ldapadd -h ldapsvr.acme.com -D “cn=admin” -w “secret” -f additions.ldif
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ldapdelete
ldapdelete -h ldapsvr.acme.com -D “cn=admin” -w “secret” cn=Fred,ou=Sales,o=acme
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ldapmodrdn
ldapmodrdn -h ldapsvr.acme.com -D “cn=admin” -w “secret” -r cn=lpr,ou=Sales,o=acme cn=sales_lw1
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Using the UnixWare 7 LDAP API
Library / Binding to the server
Search
Compare
Add
Modify
Asynchronous LDAP calls
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LDAP C API
UnixWare 7 ldap package
LDAP C API - RFC1823
LDAP v2 - RFC1777
#include <ldap.h>
#include <lber.h>
cc -o app -lldap -llber -lresolv src.c
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Binding to the serverLDAP *ld;
ld = ldap_open(“ldapsvr.acme.com”,LDAP_PORT);
if (ldap_simple_bind_s(ld,“cn=admin”,“secret”) != LDAP_SUCCESS) {
ldap_perror(ld,“bind example”);
return;
}
if (ldap_unbind_s(ld) != LDAP_SUCCESS) {
ldap_perror(ld,“bind example”);
return;
}
…LDAP directory operations (search, modify, ...)
...
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Using the UnixWare 7 LDAP API
Library / Binding to the server
Search
Compare
Add
Modify
Asynchronous LDAP calls
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Search - API call
LDAPMessage *res, *entry;
BerElement *ber;
char *attr, *dn, **vals, **vp;
if (ldap_search_s(ld, “o=acme”, LDAP_SCOPE_SUBTREE, “telephoneNumber=958*”, 0, &res) != LDAP_SUCCESS) {
ldap_perror(ld, “search example”);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
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Search - Process Data
for (entry = ldap_first_entry(ld, res); entry != NULL;entry = ldap_next_entry(ld, entry)) {
if (dn = ldap_get_dn(ld, entry)) {printf(“dn: %s\n”, dn);free(dn);
} for (attr=ldap_first_attribute(ld, entry, &ber);
attr != NULL; attr=ldap_next_attribute(ld, entry, ber)) {vals = ldap_get_values(ld, entry, attr);for (vp = vals; vp && *vp; vp++) printf(“%s: %s\n”, attr, *vp);ldap_value_free(vals);
} if (ber)
ber_free(ber, 0);}ldap_msgfree(res);
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LDAP Paulo Repa
Using the UnixWare 7 LDAP API
Library / Binding to the server
Search
Compare
Add
Modify
Asynchronous LDAP calls
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Compare - API call
Matches for an attribute type of “tel” syntax
if ((res = ldap_compare_s(ld, “cn=Fred, ou=Sales, o=acme”, “telephoneNumber”, “9589876”)) == -1) {
ldap_perror(ld, “compare example”);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
if (res = LDAP_COMPARE_TRUE)
// Attribute type and value found
else
// Not found
dn: cn=Fred, ou=Sales, o=acme
objectclass: simplePerson
cn: Fred
sn: Jones
telephoneNumber: 958-9876
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LDAP Paulo Repa
Using the UnixWare 7 LDAP API
Library / Binding to the server
Search
Compare
Add
Modify
Asynchronous LDAP calls
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LDAPMod structure
One structure per attribute type
Add, delete and replace operations
Text or binary data
Multiple values
mod_op
mod_type
mod_values
LDAP_MOD_ADD
“mailAliasMembers”
“Joe”
“Lotty”
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char *cnvals[]={"John", NULL}, *snvals[]={"Smith", NULL};char *objvals[]={”simplePerson", NULL};LDAPMod mod[3], *mods[4];
mod[0].mod_op = LDAP_MOD_ADD;mod[0].mod_type = "cn";mod[0].mod_values = cnvals;mod[1].mod_op = LDAP_MOD_ADD;mod[1].mod_type = "sn";mod[1].mod_values = snvals;mod[2].mod_op = LDAP_MOD_ADD;mod[2].mod_type = "objectClass";mod[2].mod_values = objvals;
for (i=0; i < sizeof(mod) / sizeof(LDAPMod); i++)mods[i] = &mod[i];
mods[i] = NULL;
Add Entry - Data
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if (ldap_add_s(ld, “cn=John,ou=Marketing,o=acme”,&mods[0]) != LDAP_SUCCESS) {
ldap_perror(ld, “add example”);exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
Add Entry - API call
dn: cn=John, ou=Marketing, o=acme
objectclass: simplePerson
cn: John
sn: Smith
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LDAP Paulo Repa
Using the UnixWare 7 LDAP API
Library / Binding to the server
Search
Compare
Add
Modify
Asynchronous LDAP calls
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LDAP Paulo Repa
char *snvals[] = { “Smithe”, NULL};char *telvals[] = { “958-2357”, NULL};LDAPMod mod[2], *mods[3];
mod[0].mod_op = LDAP_MOD_REPLACE;mod[0].mod_type = "sn";mod[0].mod_values = snvals;
mod[1].mod_op = LDAP_MOD_ADD;mod[1].mod_type = ”telephoneNumber";mod[1].mod_values = telvals;
for (i=0; i < sizeof(mod) / sizeof(LDAPMod); i++)mods[i] = &mod[i];
mods[i] = NULL;
Modify Entry - Data
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if (ldap_modify_s(ld,“cn=John,ou=Marketing,o=acme”,&mods[0]) != LDAP_SUCCESS) {
ldap_perror(ld, “modify example”);exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
Modify Entry - API call
dn: cn=John, ou=Marketing, o=acme
objectclass: simplePerson
cn: John
sn: Smithe
telephoneNumber: 958-2357
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LDAP Paulo Repa
Using the UnixWare 7 LDAP API
Library / Binding to the server
Search
Compare
Add
Modify
Asynchronous LDAP calls
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LDAP Paulo Repa
Asynchronous LDAP calls Client need not block Operations may be multiplexed on a connection Function names omit “_s”
int msgid, rc;
if ((msgid = ldap_search(ld, “o=acme”, LDAP_SCOPE_SUBTREE, “objectclass=*”, NULL, 0)) == -1)
error_handler();
while ((rc = ldap_result(ld, msgid, 0, NULL, &result)) ==
LDAP_RES_SEARCH_ENTRY) {
process_results(result);
ldap_msgfree(result);
}
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LDAP Paulo Repa
Bibliography
LDAP: Programming Directory-Enabled Applications with Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
– Howes, Smith RFC1777 - Lightweight Directory Access Protocol RFC1823 - The LDAP Application Program Interface