ZP 05 Notacja BPMN - Poznan University of...
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Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami 1
Tytuł:
05 Notacja BPMN
Przedmiot:
Zarządzanie procesami transportowo-logistycznymi Specjalność:
Logistyka transportu Wersja:
2014.11.24
Autor:
Piotr SAWICKI Zakład Systemów Transportowych | WMRiT | PP [email protected] www.put.poznan.pl/~piotr.sawicki www.facebook.com/Piotr.Sawicki.PUT
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Kluczowe elementy wykładu Agenda
WPROWADZENIE Cel i zakres wykładu. Czym jest notacja BPMN?
BMP czy BPMN?
PODSTAWY NOTACJI BPMN Główne typy modeli. Elementy graficzne notacji
Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami
BPMN W PRAKTYCE Zastosowanie notacji BPMN w ARIS
PODSUMOWANIE Porównanie BPMN i EPC.
Dyskusja
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à Cel • poznanie notacji modelowania
procesu – BPMN (alternatywa dla EPC)
• przegląd modeli stosowanych w notacji BPMN
• praktyczne modelowanie procesu w notacji BPMN z zastosowaniem narzędzia ARIS BA
Cel i zakres wykładu Wprowadzenie
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Konfiguracja
Realizacja
Monitoring
Ocena
Analiza
Projektowanie
Projektowanie
Modelowanie Doskonalenie
à Analiza, projektowanie i modelowanie • (1.1) Jak identyfikować / budować proces?
Rola klienta, oczekiwań i wymagań w definiowaniu procesu
• (1.2) Istota budowy modelu – po co modelować? Architektura procesów
• (1.3) Przegląd notacji procesu (w tym: BPMN, EPC, YAWL itp.), oraz narzędzi do modelowania (w tym: ARIS, iGrapx, BizzAgi, Adonis, i.in.). Podobieństwa i różnice
BPM – gdzie jesteśmy? Wprowadzenie
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à Ogólna charakterystyka • ang. business process model & notation
• notacja, opracowana przez czołowe firmy z branży IT i BPM: niezależność od narzędzia
– BPMN pierwszy zapis: 2004r – BPMN v.2.0: styczeń 2011r.
• specyfikacja opracowana przez OMG – wersja dokumentacji: *pdf
– objętość: 538 stron – dostępność: bezpłatnie
– adres do pobrania: http://www.omg.org/spec/BPMN/2.0
Czym jest notacja BPMN? Wprowadzenie
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à Twórcy BPMN • Accenture
• Adaptive
• Axway Software
• BAE SYSTEMS
• BizAgi Ltd.
• CA Inc.
• Camunda Services GmbH Cordys
• CapGemini
• DICOM
• France Telecom R&D
• Fujitsu
• Global 360, Inc.
• Hewlett-Packard
• IDS Scheer
• iGrafx
• Inferware
• Intalio
• International Business Machines
• KnowGravity Inc.
• Lombardi Software
• Metastorm
• MITRE
• U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology
• No Magic, Inc.
• oose Innovative Informatik GmbH
• Oracle
• PNA Group
• Red Hat
• SAP AG
• Softeam
• Software AG Inc.
• TIBCO Software
• Trisotech
• Visumpoint
Czym jest notacja BPMN? Wprowadzenie
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à Rozróżnia się 3 podstawowe kategorie MODELI w notacji BPMN v 2.0. • diagram przebiegu procesu, ang. process orchestration
– proces wewnętrzny, ang. private (internal) business process – proces zewnętrzny, ang. public process
• diagram koordynacji procesów, ang. choreographies
• diagram kooperacji (współpracy), ang. collaborations – kooperacja pomiędzy diagramami procesów
– kooperacja pomiędzy podmiotami, ang. conversation
Główne typy modeli Podstawy notacji BPMN
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à Diagram przebiegu procesu ang. process orchestration • przebieg procesu wewnętrznego (1),
ang. private process – zawiera uporządkowanie kluczowych działań w procesie – obejmuje wyłącznie działania wewnątrz organizacji
– w procesie brak jednoznacznej definicji wykonawcy
Główne typy modeli Podstawy notacji BPMN
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à Diagram przebiegu procesu ang. process orchestration • proces wewnętrzny
Główne typy modeli Podstawy notacji BPMN
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Działanie (funkcja) w procesie
Zdarzenie początkowe Zdarzenie końcowe
Sprawdzeniekompletnościzamówienia
Sprawdzeniehistorii sprzedaży
dla klienta
Określeniedopuszczalnego
rabatu
Akceptacjazaproponowane-
go rabatu
Poinformowaniezleceniodawcy o
decyzji
Rys.1. Proces weryfikacji zamówienia - proces wewnętrzny (OMG, 2011)
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à Diagram przebiegu procesu ang. process orchestration • przebieg procesu zewnętrznego (2)
ang. public processes – zawiera uporządkowanie kluczowych działań w procesie
wewnętrznym
– wskazuje interakcje pomiędzy procesem wewnętrznym a innymi procesami lub podmiotami
– przebieg procesu/ów zewnętrznego jest najwyżej sygnalizowany z dokładnością do kluczowych działań
– definiowana jest kluczowa komunikacja zewnętrzna
Główne typy modeli Podstawy notacji BPMN
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à Diagram przebiegu procesu ang. process orchestration • przebieg procesu zewnętrznego
Główne typy modeli Podstawy notacji BPMN
Piotr Sawicki / Zarządzanie procesami …
Odebraniezgłoszenia
zachorowania
Pacj
ent
Zadanie
Skierowanie dolekarza
Zadanie Zadanie
Rozpoznanieobjawów
Przypisanielekarstw
Zadanie
Identyfikacjaprzypisanych
lekarstw
Zadanie
Pobranie iwydanie leków
Zadanie
Rys.2. Proces obsługi pacjenta - proces zewnętrzny (OMG, 2011)
Ścieżka (ang. line)
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à Diagram kooperacji (współpracy) ang. collaboration • pomiędzy procesami
– definiowanie interakcji pomiędzy min. dwoma różnymi podmiotami
– model zawiera dwie lub więcej ścieżek, reprezentujących podmioty uczestniczące w kooperacji
Główne typy modeli Podstawy notacji BPMN
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à Diagram kooperacji (współpracy) ang. collaboration
Główne typy modeli Podstawy notacji BPMN
Piotr Sawicki / Zarządzanie procesami …
Rys.3. Kooperacja procesów: weryfikacji zamówienia i ustalania warunków (OMG, 2011)
Klie
ntP
raco
wni
k dz
.ob
sług
i klie
ntów
Sprawdzeniekompletnościzamówienia
Sprawdzeniehistorii sprzedaży
dla klienta
Określeniedopuszczalnego
rabatu
Akceptacjazaproponowane-
go rabatu
Poinformowanieo wysokościudzielonego
rabatu
Wysyłkazamówienia
Zapoznanie się zwarunkamirabatowymi
Podejmowaniedecyzji ws. rabatu
Podejmowaniedecyzji zakupowej
Zamówienie Proponowanyrabat
Akceptacjarabatu
Przyznanyrabat
Komunikat (ang. message) Przepływ komunikacji
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à Konwersacja ang. conversations • logika powiązania i wymiany komunikatów
• nieformalny zapis diagramu współpracy (kolaboracji) – ograniczenie do kluczowych komunikatów pomiędzy
podmiotami
Główne typy modeli Podstawy notacji BPMN
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à Konwersacja ang. conversations
Główne typy modeli Podstawy notacji BPMN
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Rys.4. Diagram konwersacji (OMG, 2011)
SprzedawcaRatailer
DostawcaSupplier
Negocjacjawarunków
dostaw
SpedytorConsignee
Harmonogramprzewozów
Harmonogramdostaw
Harmonogramdostaw
NadawcaShipper
Planprzewozu
UbezpieczycielInsurance
Ubezpieczenie
Potwierdzenieubezpieczenia
KonsolidatorConsolidator
Harmonogramdostaw
Dostawca usługnawigacyjnych
Locative service
Marszruta
Potwierdzenieprzybycia/podjęcia
Serwissamochodowy
Breakdown service
Służby celneCustoms
Gwarancjaserwisowa
Przewoźnik(morski, drogowy, kolejowy,
lotniczy)Carrier
(Sea, Land, Rail, Air)
Ścieżka (ang. line)
Komunikat (ang. message)
Przepływ komunikacji
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à Choreografia ang. choreographies • definicja zachowań w procesie – kontakt pomiędzy
uczestniczącymi podmiotami
• czynności stanowią element interakcji (połączenia/wymiany) komunikatów
Główne typy modeli Podstawy notacji BPMN
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à Choreografia ang. choreographies
Główne typy modeli Podstawy notacji BPMN
Piotr Sawicki / Zarządzanie procesami …
Rys.5. Diagram choreografii (OMG, 2011)
Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 25
Figure 7.3 - An example of a Collaborative Process
Choreographies
A self-contained Choreography (no Pools or Orchestration) is a definition of the expected behavior, basically a procedural contract, between interacting Participants. While a normal Process exists within a Pool, a Choreography exists between Pools (or Participants).
The Choreography looks similar to a private Business Process since it consists of a network of Activities, Events, and Gateways (see Figure 7.4). However, a Choreography is different in that the Activities are interactions that represent a set (1 or more) of Message exchanges, which involves two or more Participants. In addition, unlike a normal Process, there is no central controller, responsible entity or observer of the Process.
Figure 7.4 - An example of a Choreography
Send Doctor Request
I want to see doctor
Illness Occurs
Send Appt.
Receive Appt.
Go see doctor
Send Symptoms
Receive Symptoms
I feel sick
Receive Prescription
Pickup
Pickup your medicine and you can leave
Send Medicine Request
Receive Medicine Request
I need my medicine
Receive Medicine
Here is your medicine
Receive Doctor
RequestSend
MedicineSend
Prescription Pickup
Patie
ntRe
cept
ioni
st/
Doct
or
Doctor Request
Patient
Dr. Office
Handle Symptoms
Patient
Dr. Office
Handle Prescription
Patient
Dr. Office
Handle Medicine
Patient
Dr. Office
I want to see the Doctor
Go see the Doctor
I feel sick I need my medicine
Here is your medicine
Pickup your medicine, then
leave
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BPMN a ARIS Platform Podstawy notacji BPMN
Piotr Sawicki / Zarządzanie procesami …
Sprawdzeniekompletnościzamówienia
Sprawdzeniehistorii sprzedaży
dla klienta
Określeniedopuszczalnego
rabatu
Akceptacjazaproponowane-
go rabatu
Poinformowaniezleceniodawcy o
decyzjiOdebraniezgłoszenia
zachorowania
Pac
jent
Zadanie
Skierowanie dolekarza
Zadanie Zadanie
Rozpoznanieobjawów
Przypisanielekarstw
Zadanie
Identyfikacjaprzypisanych
lekarstw
Zadanie
Pobranie iwydanie leków
Zadanie
Klie
ntPr
acow
nik
dz.
obsł
ugi k
lient
ów
Sprawdzeniekompletnościzamówienia
Sprawdzeniehistorii sprzedaży
dla klienta
Określeniedopuszczalnego
rabatu
Akceptacjazaproponowane-
go rabatu
Poinformowanieo wysokościudzielonego
rabatu
Wysyłkazamówienia
Zapoznanie się zwarunkamirabatowymi
Podejmowaniedecyzji ws. rabatu
Podejmowaniedecyzji zakupowej
Zamówienie Proponowanyrabat
Akceptacjarabatu
Przyznanyrabat
SprzedawcaRatailer
DostawcaSupplier
Negocjacjawarunków
dostaw
SpedytorConsignee
Harmonogramprzewozów
Harmonogramdostaw
Harmonogramdostaw
NadawcaShipper
Planprzewozu
UbezpieczycielInsurance
Ubezpieczenie
Potwierdzenieubezpieczenia
KonsolidatorConsolidator
Harmonogramdostaw
Dostawca usługnawigacyjnych
Locative service
Marszruta
Potwierdzenieprzybycia/podjęcia
Serwissamochodowy
Breakdown service
Służby celneCustoms
Gwarancjaserwisowa
Przewoźnik(morski, drogowy, kolejowy,
lotniczy)Carrier
(Sea, Land, Rail, Air)
Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 25
Figure 7.3 - An example of a Collaborative Process
Choreographies
A self-contained Choreography (no Pools or Orchestration) is a definition of the expected behavior, basically a procedural contract, between interacting Participants. While a normal Process exists within a Pool, a Choreography exists between Pools (or Participants).
The Choreography looks similar to a private Business Process since it consists of a network of Activities, Events, and Gateways (see Figure 7.4). However, a Choreography is different in that the Activities are interactions that represent a set (1 or more) of Message exchanges, which involves two or more Participants. In addition, unlike a normal Process, there is no central controller, responsible entity or observer of the Process.
Figure 7.4 - An example of a Choreography
Send Doctor Request
I want to see doctor
Illness Occurs
Send Appt.
Receive Appt.
Go see doctor
Send Symptoms
Receive Symptoms
I feel sick
Receive Prescription
Pickup
Pickup your medicine and you can leave
Send Medicine Request
Receive Medicine Request
I need my medicine
Receive Medicine
Here is your medicine
Receive Doctor
RequestSend
MedicineSend
Prescription Pickup
Patie
ntR
ecep
tioni
st/
Doc
tor
Doctor Request
Patient
Dr. Office
Handle Symptoms
Patient
Dr. Office
Handle Prescription
Patient
Dr. Office
Handle Medicine
Patient
Dr. Office
I want to see the Doctor
Go see the Doctor
I feel sick I need my medicine
Here is your medicine
Pickup your medicine, then
leave
Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami 10
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à Rozróżnia się 5 podstawowych kategorii elementów składowych modeli/diagramów BPMN v 2.0
1. obiekty przepływu, ang. flow objects
2. dane
3. obiekty łączące (łączniki)
4. ścieżki
5. artefakty
Elementy graficzne notacji Podstawy notacji BPMN
Piotr Sawicki / Zarządzanie procesami …
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à Elementy składowe modeli/diagramów BPMN v 2.0: obiekty przepływu • są głównymi obiektami graficznymi definiującymi
„zachowanie” procesu
• wyróżnia się 3 kluczowe obiekty
Elementy graficzne notacji Podstawy notacji BPMN
Piotr Sawicki / Zarządzanie procesami …
Rys.6. Główne obiekty przepływu dla notacji BPMN v2.0
Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 29
Table 7.1 - Basic Modeling Elements
Element Description NotationEvent An Event is something that “happens” during the
course of a Process (see page 238) or a Choreography (see page 339). These Events affect the flow of the model and usually have a cause (trigger) or an impact (result). Events are circles with open centers to allow internal markers to differentiate different triggers or results. There are three types of Events, based on when they affect the flow: Start, Intermediate, and End.
Activity An Activity is a generic term for work that company performs (see page 151) in a Process. An Activity can be atomic or non-atomic (compound). The types of Activities that are a part of a Process Model are: Sub-Process and Task, which are rounded rectangles. Activities are used in both standard Processes and in Choreographies.
Gateway A Gateway is used to control the divergence and convergence of Sequence Flows in a Process (see page 145) and in a Choreography (see page 344). Thus, it will determine branching, forking, merging, and joining of paths. Internal markers will indicate the type of behavior control.
Sequence Flow A Sequence Flow is used to show the order that Activities will be performed in a Process (see page 97) and in a Choreography (see page 320).
Message Flow A Message Flow is used to show the flow of Messages between two Participants that are prepared to send and receive them (see page 120). In BPMN, two separate Pools in a Collaboration Diagram will represent the two Participants (e.g., PartnerEntities and/or PartnerRoles).
Association An Association is used to link information and Artifacts with BPMN graphical elements (see page 67). Text Annotations (see page 71) and other Artifacts (see page 66) can be Associated with the graphical elements. An arrowhead on the Association indicates a direction of flow (e.g., data), when appropriate.
Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 29
Table 7.1 - Basic Modeling Elements
Element Description NotationEvent An Event is something that “happens” during the
course of a Process (see page 238) or a Choreography (see page 339). These Events affect the flow of the model and usually have a cause (trigger) or an impact (result). Events are circles with open centers to allow internal markers to differentiate different triggers or results. There are three types of Events, based on when they affect the flow: Start, Intermediate, and End.
Activity An Activity is a generic term for work that company performs (see page 151) in a Process. An Activity can be atomic or non-atomic (compound). The types of Activities that are a part of a Process Model are: Sub-Process and Task, which are rounded rectangles. Activities are used in both standard Processes and in Choreographies.
Gateway A Gateway is used to control the divergence and convergence of Sequence Flows in a Process (see page 145) and in a Choreography (see page 344). Thus, it will determine branching, forking, merging, and joining of paths. Internal markers will indicate the type of behavior control.
Sequence Flow A Sequence Flow is used to show the order that Activities will be performed in a Process (see page 97) and in a Choreography (see page 320).
Message Flow A Message Flow is used to show the flow of Messages between two Participants that are prepared to send and receive them (see page 120). In BPMN, two separate Pools in a Collaboration Diagram will represent the two Participants (e.g., PartnerEntities and/or PartnerRoles).
Association An Association is used to link information and Artifacts with BPMN graphical elements (see page 67). Text Annotations (see page 71) and other Artifacts (see page 66) can be Associated with the graphical elements. An arrowhead on the Association indicates a direction of flow (e.g., data), when appropriate.
Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 29
Table 7.1 - Basic Modeling Elements
Element Description NotationEvent An Event is something that “happens” during the
course of a Process (see page 238) or a Choreography (see page 339). These Events affect the flow of the model and usually have a cause (trigger) or an impact (result). Events are circles with open centers to allow internal markers to differentiate different triggers or results. There are three types of Events, based on when they affect the flow: Start, Intermediate, and End.
Activity An Activity is a generic term for work that company performs (see page 151) in a Process. An Activity can be atomic or non-atomic (compound). The types of Activities that are a part of a Process Model are: Sub-Process and Task, which are rounded rectangles. Activities are used in both standard Processes and in Choreographies.
Gateway A Gateway is used to control the divergence and convergence of Sequence Flows in a Process (see page 145) and in a Choreography (see page 344). Thus, it will determine branching, forking, merging, and joining of paths. Internal markers will indicate the type of behavior control.
Sequence Flow A Sequence Flow is used to show the order that Activities will be performed in a Process (see page 97) and in a Choreography (see page 320).
Message Flow A Message Flow is used to show the flow of Messages between two Participants that are prepared to send and receive them (see page 120). In BPMN, two separate Pools in a Collaboration Diagram will represent the two Participants (e.g., PartnerEntities and/or PartnerRoles).
Association An Association is used to link information and Artifacts with BPMN graphical elements (see page 67). Text Annotations (see page 71) and other Artifacts (see page 66) can be Associated with the graphical elements. An arrowhead on the Association indicates a direction of flow (e.g., data), when appropriate.
Zdarzenie Czynność Bramka Coś, co dzieje się w trakcie przebiegu procesu; wywołuje czynności
Działania i czynności wykonywane w procesie, w celu osiągniecia zamierzonego rezultatu
Element kontroli podziału lub łączenia przepływu w procesie
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à Elementy składowe modeli/diagramów BPMN v 2.0: dane • wyróżnia się 4 kluczowe rodzaje danych
– obiekty danych – dane wejściowe
– dane wyjściowe – magazyn danych
Elementy graficzne notacji Podstawy notacji BPMN
Piotr Sawicki / Zarządzanie procesami …
Rys.7. Główne obiekty danych dla notacji BPMN v2.0
Obiekt danych Komunikat Dostarcza informacji niezbędnych do realizacji czynności w procesie
Informacja stanowiąca podstawę komunikacji pomiędzy różnymi podmiotami
30 Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0
7.2.2 Extended BPMN Modeling Elements
Table 7.2 displays a more extensive list of the Business Process concepts that could be depicted through a business process modeling notation.
Pool A Pool is the graphical representation of a Participant in a Collaboration (see page 112). It also acts as a “swimlane” and a graphical container for partitioning a set of Activities from other Pools, usually in the context of B2B situations. A Pool MAY have internal details, in the form of the Process that will be executed. Or a Pool MAY have no internal details, i.e., it can be a "black box."
Lane A Lane is a sub-partition within a Process, sometimes within a Pool, and will extend the entire length of the Process, either vertically or horizontally (see on page 305). Lanes are used to organize and categorize Activities.
Data Object Data Objects provide information about what Activities require to be performed and/or what they produce (see page 205), Data Objects can represent a singular object or a collection of objects. Data Input and Data Output provide the same information for Processes.
Message A Message is used to depict the contents of a communication between two Participants (as defined by a business PartnerRole or a business PartnerEntity—see on page 93).
Group (a box around a group of objects within the same category)
A Group is a grouping of graphical elements that are within the same Category (see page 70). This type of grouping does not affect the Sequence Flows within the Group. The Category name appears on the diagram as the group label. Categories can be used for documentation or analysis purposes. Groups are one way in which Categories of objects can be visually displayed on the diagram.
Text Annotation (attached with an Association)
Text Annotations are a mechanism for a modeler to provide additional text information for the reader of a BPMN Diagram (see page 71).
Table 7.1 - Basic Modeling Elements
Nam
eN
ame Nam
eN
ame
Descriptive Text Here
30 Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0
7.2.2 Extended BPMN Modeling Elements
Table 7.2 displays a more extensive list of the Business Process concepts that could be depicted through a business process modeling notation.
Pool A Pool is the graphical representation of a Participant in a Collaboration (see page 112). It also acts as a “swimlane” and a graphical container for partitioning a set of Activities from other Pools, usually in the context of B2B situations. A Pool MAY have internal details, in the form of the Process that will be executed. Or a Pool MAY have no internal details, i.e., it can be a "black box."
Lane A Lane is a sub-partition within a Process, sometimes within a Pool, and will extend the entire length of the Process, either vertically or horizontally (see on page 305). Lanes are used to organize and categorize Activities.
Data Object Data Objects provide information about what Activities require to be performed and/or what they produce (see page 205), Data Objects can represent a singular object or a collection of objects. Data Input and Data Output provide the same information for Processes.
Message A Message is used to depict the contents of a communication between two Participants (as defined by a business PartnerRole or a business PartnerEntity—see on page 93).
Group (a box around a group of objects within the same category)
A Group is a grouping of graphical elements that are within the same Category (see page 70). This type of grouping does not affect the Sequence Flows within the Group. The Category name appears on the diagram as the group label. Categories can be used for documentation or analysis purposes. Groups are one way in which Categories of objects can be visually displayed on the diagram.
Text Annotation (attached with an Association)
Text Annotations are a mechanism for a modeler to provide additional text information for the reader of a BPMN Diagram (see page 71).
Table 7.1 - Basic Modeling Elements
Name
Name Na
me
Name
Descriptive Text Here
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à Elementy składowe modeli/diagramów BPMN v 2.0: obiekty łączące • rodzaj połączenia pomiędzy obiektami przepływu lub
informacjami
• wyróżnia się 3 kluczowe rodzaje przepływów
Elementy graficzne notacji Podstawy notacji BPMN
Piotr Sawicki / Zarządzanie procesami …
Rys.8. Główne obiekty łączące dla notacji BPMN v2.0
Przepływ pracy Przepływ informacji Odwołania Prezentacja kolejności wykonywania czynności w procesie
Prezentacja przepływu informacji pomiędzy różnymi podmiotami
Połącznie informacji i artefaktów (tekst komentarz, uwagi) z obiektami graficznymi
Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 29
Table 7.1 - Basic Modeling Elements
Element Description NotationEvent An Event is something that “happens” during the
course of a Process (see page 238) or a Choreography (see page 339). These Events affect the flow of the model and usually have a cause (trigger) or an impact (result). Events are circles with open centers to allow internal markers to differentiate different triggers or results. There are three types of Events, based on when they affect the flow: Start, Intermediate, and End.
Activity An Activity is a generic term for work that company performs (see page 151) in a Process. An Activity can be atomic or non-atomic (compound). The types of Activities that are a part of a Process Model are: Sub-Process and Task, which are rounded rectangles. Activities are used in both standard Processes and in Choreographies.
Gateway A Gateway is used to control the divergence and convergence of Sequence Flows in a Process (see page 145) and in a Choreography (see page 344). Thus, it will determine branching, forking, merging, and joining of paths. Internal markers will indicate the type of behavior control.
Sequence Flow A Sequence Flow is used to show the order that Activities will be performed in a Process (see page 97) and in a Choreography (see page 320).
Message Flow A Message Flow is used to show the flow of Messages between two Participants that are prepared to send and receive them (see page 120). In BPMN, two separate Pools in a Collaboration Diagram will represent the two Participants (e.g., PartnerEntities and/or PartnerRoles).
Association An Association is used to link information and Artifacts with BPMN graphical elements (see page 67). Text Annotations (see page 71) and other Artifacts (see page 66) can be Associated with the graphical elements. An arrowhead on the Association indicates a direction of flow (e.g., data), when appropriate.
Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 29
Table 7.1 - Basic Modeling Elements
Element Description NotationEvent An Event is something that “happens” during the
course of a Process (see page 238) or a Choreography (see page 339). These Events affect the flow of the model and usually have a cause (trigger) or an impact (result). Events are circles with open centers to allow internal markers to differentiate different triggers or results. There are three types of Events, based on when they affect the flow: Start, Intermediate, and End.
Activity An Activity is a generic term for work that company performs (see page 151) in a Process. An Activity can be atomic or non-atomic (compound). The types of Activities that are a part of a Process Model are: Sub-Process and Task, which are rounded rectangles. Activities are used in both standard Processes and in Choreographies.
Gateway A Gateway is used to control the divergence and convergence of Sequence Flows in a Process (see page 145) and in a Choreography (see page 344). Thus, it will determine branching, forking, merging, and joining of paths. Internal markers will indicate the type of behavior control.
Sequence Flow A Sequence Flow is used to show the order that Activities will be performed in a Process (see page 97) and in a Choreography (see page 320).
Message Flow A Message Flow is used to show the flow of Messages between two Participants that are prepared to send and receive them (see page 120). In BPMN, two separate Pools in a Collaboration Diagram will represent the two Participants (e.g., PartnerEntities and/or PartnerRoles).
Association An Association is used to link information and Artifacts with BPMN graphical elements (see page 67). Text Annotations (see page 71) and other Artifacts (see page 66) can be Associated with the graphical elements. An arrowhead on the Association indicates a direction of flow (e.g., data), when appropriate.
Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 29
Table 7.1 - Basic Modeling Elements
Element Description NotationEvent An Event is something that “happens” during the
course of a Process (see page 238) or a Choreography (see page 339). These Events affect the flow of the model and usually have a cause (trigger) or an impact (result). Events are circles with open centers to allow internal markers to differentiate different triggers or results. There are three types of Events, based on when they affect the flow: Start, Intermediate, and End.
Activity An Activity is a generic term for work that company performs (see page 151) in a Process. An Activity can be atomic or non-atomic (compound). The types of Activities that are a part of a Process Model are: Sub-Process and Task, which are rounded rectangles. Activities are used in both standard Processes and in Choreographies.
Gateway A Gateway is used to control the divergence and convergence of Sequence Flows in a Process (see page 145) and in a Choreography (see page 344). Thus, it will determine branching, forking, merging, and joining of paths. Internal markers will indicate the type of behavior control.
Sequence Flow A Sequence Flow is used to show the order that Activities will be performed in a Process (see page 97) and in a Choreography (see page 320).
Message Flow A Message Flow is used to show the flow of Messages between two Participants that are prepared to send and receive them (see page 120). In BPMN, two separate Pools in a Collaboration Diagram will represent the two Participants (e.g., PartnerEntities and/or PartnerRoles).
Association An Association is used to link information and Artifacts with BPMN graphical elements (see page 67). Text Annotations (see page 71) and other Artifacts (see page 66) can be Associated with the graphical elements. An arrowhead on the Association indicates a direction of flow (e.g., data), when appropriate.
Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami 12
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à Elementy składowe modeli/diagramów BPMN v 2.0: ścieżki • sposób połączenia (grupowania) głównych elementów
modeli
• wyróżnia się 2 kluczowe rodzaje ścieżek
Elementy graficzne notacji Podstawy notacji BPMN
Piotr Sawicki / Zarządzanie procesami …
Rys.9. Główne obiekty typu ścieżka dla notacji BPMN v2.0
Grupa ścieżek Ścieżka Graficzna reprezentacja podmiotu lub grupy podmiotów w procesie
Stanowi podzbiór (podgrupę) w ramach procesu – podgrupa w puli. Służy do organizacji i kategoryzacji czynności w procesie
30 Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0
7.2.2 Extended BPMN Modeling Elements
Table 7.2 displays a more extensive list of the Business Process concepts that could be depicted through a business process modeling notation.
Pool A Pool is the graphical representation of a Participant in a Collaboration (see page 112). It also acts as a “swimlane” and a graphical container for partitioning a set of Activities from other Pools, usually in the context of B2B situations. A Pool MAY have internal details, in the form of the Process that will be executed. Or a Pool MAY have no internal details, i.e., it can be a "black box."
Lane A Lane is a sub-partition within a Process, sometimes within a Pool, and will extend the entire length of the Process, either vertically or horizontally (see on page 305). Lanes are used to organize and categorize Activities.
Data Object Data Objects provide information about what Activities require to be performed and/or what they produce (see page 205), Data Objects can represent a singular object or a collection of objects. Data Input and Data Output provide the same information for Processes.
Message A Message is used to depict the contents of a communication between two Participants (as defined by a business PartnerRole or a business PartnerEntity—see on page 93).
Group (a box around a group of objects within the same category)
A Group is a grouping of graphical elements that are within the same Category (see page 70). This type of grouping does not affect the Sequence Flows within the Group. The Category name appears on the diagram as the group label. Categories can be used for documentation or analysis purposes. Groups are one way in which Categories of objects can be visually displayed on the diagram.
Text Annotation (attached with an Association)
Text Annotations are a mechanism for a modeler to provide additional text information for the reader of a BPMN Diagram (see page 71).
Table 7.1 - Basic Modeling Elements
Name
Name Na
meNa
me
Descriptive Text Here
30 Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0
7.2.2 Extended BPMN Modeling Elements
Table 7.2 displays a more extensive list of the Business Process concepts that could be depicted through a business process modeling notation.
Pool A Pool is the graphical representation of a Participant in a Collaboration (see page 112). It also acts as a “swimlane” and a graphical container for partitioning a set of Activities from other Pools, usually in the context of B2B situations. A Pool MAY have internal details, in the form of the Process that will be executed. Or a Pool MAY have no internal details, i.e., it can be a "black box."
Lane A Lane is a sub-partition within a Process, sometimes within a Pool, and will extend the entire length of the Process, either vertically or horizontally (see on page 305). Lanes are used to organize and categorize Activities.
Data Object Data Objects provide information about what Activities require to be performed and/or what they produce (see page 205), Data Objects can represent a singular object or a collection of objects. Data Input and Data Output provide the same information for Processes.
Message A Message is used to depict the contents of a communication between two Participants (as defined by a business PartnerRole or a business PartnerEntity—see on page 93).
Group (a box around a group of objects within the same category)
A Group is a grouping of graphical elements that are within the same Category (see page 70). This type of grouping does not affect the Sequence Flows within the Group. The Category name appears on the diagram as the group label. Categories can be used for documentation or analysis purposes. Groups are one way in which Categories of objects can be visually displayed on the diagram.
Text Annotation (attached with an Association)
Text Annotations are a mechanism for a modeler to provide additional text information for the reader of a BPMN Diagram (see page 71).
Table 7.1 - Basic Modeling Elements
Name
Name Na
meNa
me
Descriptive Text Here
Grup
a śc
ieże
k
Grup
a śc
ieże
k Śc
ieżk
a Śc
ieżk
a
24
à Elementy składowe modeli/diagramów BPMN v 2.0: artefakty • dostarczają dodatkowych informacji o procesie
• wyróżnia się 2 kluczowe rodzaje artefaktów – grupa – komentarz tekstowy
Elementy graficzne notacji Podstawy notacji BPMN
Piotr Sawicki / Zarządzanie procesami …
Rys.10. Główne obiekty typu artefakt dla notacji BPMN v2.0
Grupa Komentarz tekstowy Grupuje obiekty graficzne tego samego typu Umieszczanie dodatkowego tekstu
niezbędnego dla zrozumienia zapisu
30 Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0
7.2.2 Extended BPMN Modeling Elements
Table 7.2 displays a more extensive list of the Business Process concepts that could be depicted through a business process modeling notation.
Pool A Pool is the graphical representation of a Participant in a Collaboration (see page 112). It also acts as a “swimlane” and a graphical container for partitioning a set of Activities from other Pools, usually in the context of B2B situations. A Pool MAY have internal details, in the form of the Process that will be executed. Or a Pool MAY have no internal details, i.e., it can be a "black box."
Lane A Lane is a sub-partition within a Process, sometimes within a Pool, and will extend the entire length of the Process, either vertically or horizontally (see on page 305). Lanes are used to organize and categorize Activities.
Data Object Data Objects provide information about what Activities require to be performed and/or what they produce (see page 205), Data Objects can represent a singular object or a collection of objects. Data Input and Data Output provide the same information for Processes.
Message A Message is used to depict the contents of a communication between two Participants (as defined by a business PartnerRole or a business PartnerEntity—see on page 93).
Group (a box around a group of objects within the same category)
A Group is a grouping of graphical elements that are within the same Category (see page 70). This type of grouping does not affect the Sequence Flows within the Group. The Category name appears on the diagram as the group label. Categories can be used for documentation or analysis purposes. Groups are one way in which Categories of objects can be visually displayed on the diagram.
Text Annotation (attached with an Association)
Text Annotations are a mechanism for a modeler to provide additional text information for the reader of a BPMN Diagram (see page 71).
Table 7.1 - Basic Modeling Elements
Name
Name Na
meNa
me
Descriptive Text Here
30 Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0
7.2.2 Extended BPMN Modeling Elements
Table 7.2 displays a more extensive list of the Business Process concepts that could be depicted through a business process modeling notation.
Pool A Pool is the graphical representation of a Participant in a Collaboration (see page 112). It also acts as a “swimlane” and a graphical container for partitioning a set of Activities from other Pools, usually in the context of B2B situations. A Pool MAY have internal details, in the form of the Process that will be executed. Or a Pool MAY have no internal details, i.e., it can be a "black box."
Lane A Lane is a sub-partition within a Process, sometimes within a Pool, and will extend the entire length of the Process, either vertically or horizontally (see on page 305). Lanes are used to organize and categorize Activities.
Data Object Data Objects provide information about what Activities require to be performed and/or what they produce (see page 205), Data Objects can represent a singular object or a collection of objects. Data Input and Data Output provide the same information for Processes.
Message A Message is used to depict the contents of a communication between two Participants (as defined by a business PartnerRole or a business PartnerEntity—see on page 93).
Group (a box around a group of objects within the same category)
A Group is a grouping of graphical elements that are within the same Category (see page 70). This type of grouping does not affect the Sequence Flows within the Group. The Category name appears on the diagram as the group label. Categories can be used for documentation or analysis purposes. Groups are one way in which Categories of objects can be visually displayed on the diagram.
Text Annotation (attached with an Association)
Text Annotations are a mechanism for a modeler to provide additional text information for the reader of a BPMN Diagram (see page 71).
Table 7.1 - Basic Modeling Elements
Nam
eNa
me Na
me
Nam
e
Descriptive Text HereTekst
Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami 13
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à Większość podstawowych elementów składowych modelu BPMN posiada swoje uszczegółowienie à zdarzenia
Elementy graficzne notacji Podstawy notacji BPMN
Piotr Sawicki / Zarządzanie procesami …
Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 261
Table 10.93 – Types of Events and their Markers
Types Start Intermediate EndTop-Level
EventSub-ProcessInterrupting
EventSub-ProcessNon-Interrupting
Catching BoundaryInterrupting
BoundaryNon-Interrupting
Throwing
None
Message
Timer
Error
Escalation
Cancel
Compensation
Conditional
Link
Signal
Terminate
Multiple
Rys.11-1. Rodzaje zdarzeń dla notacji BPMN v2.0
26
à Większość podstawowych elementów składowych modelu BPMN posiada swoje uszczegółowienie à zdarzenia
Elementy graficzne notacji Podstawy notacji BPMN
Piotr Sawicki / Zarządzanie procesami …
Rys.11-2. Rodzaje zdarzeń dla notacji BPMN v2.0
Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 261
Table 10.93 – Types of Events and their Markers
Types Start Intermediate EndTop-Level
EventSub-ProcessInterrupting
EventSub-ProcessNon-Interrupting
Catching BoundaryInterrupting
BoundaryNon-Interrupting
Throwing
None
Message
Timer
Error
Escalation
Cancel
Compensation
Conditional
Link
Signal
Terminate
Multiple
Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 261
Table 10.93 – Types of Events and their Markers
Types Start Intermediate EndTop-Level
EventSub-ProcessInterrupting
EventSub-ProcessNon-Interrupting
Catching BoundaryInterrupting
BoundaryNon-Interrupting
Throwing
None
Message
Timer
Error
Escalation
Cancel
Compensation
Conditional
Link
Signal
Terminate
Multiple
Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami 14
27
à Większość podstawowych elementów składowych modelu BPMN posiada swoje uszczegółowienie à zdarzenia
Elementy graficzne notacji Podstawy notacji BPMN
Piotr Sawicki / Zarządzanie procesami …
Rys.11-3. Rodzaje zdarzeń dla notacji BPMN v2.0
Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 261
Table 10.93 – Types of Events and their Markers
Types Start Intermediate EndTop-Level
EventSub-ProcessInterrupting
EventSub-ProcessNon-Interrupting
Catching BoundaryInterrupting
BoundaryNon-Interrupting
Throwing
None
Message
Timer
Error
Escalation
Cancel
Compensation
Conditional
Link
Signal
Terminate
Multiple
Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0 261
Table 10.93 – Types of Events and their Markers
Types Start Intermediate EndTop-Level
EventSub-ProcessInterrupting
EventSub-ProcessNon-Interrupting
Catching BoundaryInterrupting
BoundaryNon-Interrupting
Throwing
None
Message
Timer
Error
Escalation
Cancel
Compensation
Conditional
Link
Signal
Terminate
Multiple
28
à Uszczegółowienie elementów graficznych modelu BPMN • Bramki logiczne
Elementy graficzne notacji Podstawy notacji BPMN
Piotr Sawicki / Zarządzanie procesami …
288 Business Process Model and Notation, v2.0
Figure 10.103 – The Different types of Gateways
The Gateway controls the flow of both diverging and converging Sequence Flows. That is, a single Gateway could have multiple input and multiple output flows. Modelers and modeling tools might want to enforce a best practice of a Gateway only performing one of these functions. Thus, it would take two sequential Gateways to first converge and then to diverge the Sequence Flows.
Parallel
Exclusive
Complex
Event-Based
Inclusive
Xor
ParallelEvent-Based
Rys.12. Rodzaje bramek logicznych dla notacji BPMN v2.0
Alternatywa wykluczająca (xor)
W oparciu o zdarzenia
Równocześnie, w oparciu o zdarzenia
Alternatywa (or)
Złożony
Równocześnie (and)
Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami 15
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Przykładowy model (współpracy) BPMN w praktyce
Piotr Sawicki / Zarządzanie procesami …
30
Przygotowanie modelu w ARIS BA BPMN w praktyce
Piotr Sawicki / Zarządzanie procesami …
Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami 16
31
OMG. Business Process Model and Notation - ver. 2.0., January 2011 (http://www.omg.org/spec/BPMN/2.0 )
Bibliografia Podsumowanie
Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami
32
Zapraszam do dyskusji i zadawania pytań Podsumowanie
Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami
Piotr Sawicki | Zarządzanie procesami 17
Tytuł:
05 Notacja BPMN
Przedmiot:
Zarządzanie procesami transportowo-logistycznymi Specjalność:
Logistyka transportu Wersja:
2014.11.24
Autor:
Piotr SAWICKI Zakład Systemów Transportowych | WMRiT | PP [email protected] www.put.poznan.pl/~piotr.sawicki www.facebook.com/Piotr.Sawicki.PUT