“Wild-Life”

By

Zoha Arshad.

WWF (World wide Fund for Nature):

An NGO (International organization) working on the issues regarding conservation & research on the environment. Formally, named WWF which remains its official name from Canada. It is world’s largest organization which has over 5 million supporters of world-wide in working.

Supporting 13,000 conservational environmental projects. Currently, much of the work focusing most of the world’s biodiversity (Forest, fresh water & oceans) & cost among other issues.

WWFpak POB # 5180.

www.wwfpak.org.

International Union for Conservation of Nature & Natural Resources (IUCN):

It is dedicated to profounding the pragmatic solution to our most polluted environment and developmental challenges. The organization publishes the IUCN red list compiling information from a network of conservational organization to rate which specie is most endangered.

IUCN supports scientific research, messages, fields projects all over the world & bring Govt. & non-Govt. organization together to develop implementations. Policy, law & best practices.

IUCN is the world’s largest & oldest global environment network & democratic membership union with more than 1000 Govt. & NGOs members organizations & almost 11000 volunteer scientists in more than 160 countries.

IUCN stated vision is a just word that value & conserve NATURE.

It’s mission is to influence, encourage & insist societies throughout the world to conserve the integrity & biodiversity of Nature & to ensure that any source of natural resources equitable & ecologically sustainable.

Its Head Office is in Islamabad.

www.IUCN.org.

Fauna & Flora International:

It’s vision is a sustainable future for a planet where biodiversity is effectively conserved by the people to live closest to it & supported by the global community.

It’s mission is to act to conserve threatened species & eco-systems world-wide choosing solution that are sustainable based on sound science & takes its account on Human needs.

Flora & fauna international work span is across the globe with over 100 projects in 40 countries mostly in developing world.

It’s Head Office is in Cambridge UK.

Ramsar Convention for Wetlands:

It is intercommon treaty that act upon for national actions & use of wetlands & their resources. It is also known as convention of wetlands. It is named after the city of Ramsar in Iran, where the convention was signed in 1971.

Ramsar Sites of Pakistan:2PK 001 Thanedar wala (Bannu, NWFP)

2PK 002 Mianwali (Punjab)

2PK 003 Tunsa Barrage (Muzafargarh, Punjab)

2PK 004 Tand Dam (Kohat, NWFP)

2PK 005 Uchhali complex (Khushab, Punjab)

2PK 006 Kalri (Kinjhar lake) (Sindh)

2PK 007 Drigh Lake (Sindh)

2PK 008 Haleji Lake (Sindh)

2PK 009 Astola island (Balochistan)

2PK 010 Hub Dam (Sindh, Balochistan)

2PK 011 Indus Dolphin Reserve (Sindh)

2PK 012 Jiwani coastal (Balochistan)

2PK 013 Jubho lagoon (Sindh)

2PK 014 Melani Hor (Balochistan)

2PK 015 Nurri Lagoon (Badin, Sindh)

2PK 016 Ormara Turtle beaches (Balochistan)

2PK 017 Deh Akro II (Sindh)

2PK 018 Indus delta (Sindh)

2PK 019 Runn of Kutch (Sindh)

Society for Ecological Restoration International (SERI):

It promotes ecological restoration as a mean of sustaining the diversity of life on earth.

It reestablishes ecologically healthy relationships between nature & culture.

It’s Head Office is in USA.

Society of Wetlands Scientists (SWS):

It’s mission is to promote understanding scientifically based waste management & sustainable use of Wetlands.

It’s Head Office is in London.

Zoological Society of London (ZSL):

It is charity devoted to world-wide conservation of animals & their habitats.

It’s vision is to conserve animals & value their conservational environment.

It’s motto is to promote or achieve its Goal.

It’s Head Office is in London.

Linnean Society of London:

It is the world’s oldest active biological society founded in 1788.The society takes its name from Swedish Scientist Caralous Linneaus. The society uniquely embraces the entire sweep of natural history. It promotes the study of all biological sciences with particular emphasis on EVOLUTION, TAXONOMY, BIODIVERSITY & SUSTAINABILITY.

It is also called as Mother of all societies.

It’s Head Office is in London.

Bird-Life International:

By focusing on Birds & the sites & habitats on which the bird life partnership is working to improve the quality of life of birds for other wild life & people.

Bird-life aims are prevention the extinction of any bird species maintained & way of possible improve on conditional state of all species.

Conserve, where in appropriate improve & large sites & habitats which are important for Birds.

It helps the birds to conserve biodiversity & to improve the quality of life of people.

Integrate bird conservation into sustaining people livelihood.

It’s Head Quarter is in UK.

World Society for Protection of Animals (WSPA):

It is an international non-profit Animal welfare organization & also a federation of such organizations.

It is active in over 150 countries with more than 1000 societies. WSPA is against the violation/cruel treatment & abuse of animals in general.

They also campaign against scientific kinds of pollute treatment & abuse such as;

Bull fighting. Bear beating. Dancing. Walking. Capturing. Keeping Of Dolphins.

It is also against intensive farming of animals & treatment of working of domestic & wild animals (Horses, mules) & pets to Oblique companions animals.

Wild Life Conservation Society (WLCS):

It supports Zoos & Aquariums by promoting environmental education & conservation of wild populations & habitats.

They also offer educational resources & variety of conservational programs.

Their efforts are focused on to select group of animals including;

Bears. Big Cats. Elephants. Hoofed-mammals. Cetaceans (whales/mammals). Carnivores.

Their conservation is to stretched around the globe & are at work in the regions including Africa, Asia, Latin America, Caribbean, North America & throughout the world oceans.

WLCS was established in 1895, it’s mission was to promote wild life protection, faster the study of Zoology & to improve the conditions of Zoos.

International Crane Foundation (ICF):

It commits to a future where are all crane species are secured. A future where people co-operate to protect the wild populations & their eco-systems.

Syberrian species are world-wide endangered.

ICF provides education about their levels.

In addition of educating people about cranes ICF also conducts breeding & reintroduction of cranes to captive wild.

Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB):

It works out for birds & wild life problems that threatened our environment.

Their work is driven by passionate believe that Birds & Wild life should be rich in people.

Health of Birds populations indicates the health of planet of which future of Humans is based.

The convention on international trade in endangered species of wild Fauna & Flora (CITES):

It is an international agreement between Governments drawn in 1973. Its aim is to ensure the trade, in specimens of wild animals and plants that does not threaten their survival.

We all have a responsibility to protect wild-life.

Wild-Life Sanctuary:

Govt. may be notified in official Gazette declared any area which is the property of Govt. or over which Govt. has property rights to be wild life sanctuary & may demonstrate in such a manner.

Wild life shall be set aside as undisturbed breeding ground for the protection of wild life.

Public shall accept in accordance with the rules & no exploitation of forest & not allowed except for reducing fire hazards.

No person shall enter or reside, cultivate any Food, destroy any vegetation, Hunt or kill or capture any wild animal or fire any Gun or other fire arms within one mile of boundary.

We Cannot Introduce any Exotic spp. Of any animal or plant, cause any fire or pollute water in wild life sanctuary.

Wild-Life Breeding Farms:

Govt. has may be notified in an official gazette declared any area which is property of Govt. to be wild life boundary farms.

Following are inhibiting rules:

Capturing. Killing. Firing. Shouting. Hunting. Felling. Burning. Trapping. Destroying. Taking or removing away a plant, fruit, seed there from. Polluting water flowing in or through wild life farms. Any act of breeding or feeding. Any act of fearing or harassing visitors. Damaging of any structure. Or otherwise any act of Violation or in restriction imposed by Govt.

National Parks:With the view of Flora & Fauna with the natural state Govt. may be notified official gazette to declare any area which is Govt. place. National parks should be accessible to public for recreation, education & research with some restriction as Govt. imposed.

Provision for access road to rest houses, hotels & other buildings to national parks along with public may also made the following acts may prohibited in parks.

Hunting, shooting, killing & capturing of any wild animal in national parks within 1-2km with its surrounding.

Any fire arm or doing any act of interference with breeding places.

Falling, trapping, burning or in any way damaging or destroying or taking collection or removing any plant, tree therefrom.

Clearing, breaking or any land for the cultivation, for mining or any other purpose.

Polluting water from in or through national parks flowing.

Game reserves:

Govt. may declared any area for game reverses. No hunting or shooting allowed to game reversed area of wild animals except a specific role of Govt. for the specific time period in the year.

In this specific time period game animals may be killed or captured to this area and duration for which such permission valid.

Provided that the number of occasion which hunting or shooting shall not be allowed more than two time in year.

Wild Life Park or Zoological Garden:Govt. should declared any area for zoological garden to maintain the wild animals to custody and in state close to nature as possible.

For the purpose of breeding reintroduction recreation & public education.

SAFARI PARK in which wild animals are kept in open place.

For viewing by public from vehicle. Wildlife parks shall be accessible to public for recreation, researches and education which subject to such restriction as Govt. may resist

Provision for excess to road and construction of café and hotel research labs or any other building which are necessary for wild life park zoo and safari park for facilitation of achievement following act shall be prohibited in national park;

Hunting Shooting Trapping Killing Capturing Firing Any fire arm Disturbance Damaging Taking away any plant, tree, seed, fruit Any act of feeding Grazing a wild animal Destroy any structure

Govt. may from time to time by notification official gazette alternates on boundaries of wild life habitats sanctuary by the act of notices.

Wetlands & major threats to wetland:(Wetlands; river, lakes, marshes, swamps)

River & lakes have been disappeared since 1900, development & conversion continue to past major threats to wetland. Despite their values and importance conversion of wetlands for commercial, extraction of minerals, over fishing, tourism, siltation, pesticide discharge from intensive agricultural toxic wastes, industrial wastes & construction of dams & dibs.

Offer is an attempt of flood protection, are major threat to wetland, everywhere.

Industrial Threat:Draining of wetland through toxic material for commercial development, for tourism, agricultural land. In addition, minimal use of fresh water to food their development poses a further threats.

In all to many places, the water being taken from underground resources for irrigating the agricultural land, the result is that the water level drops. The millions of trees, plants are drying because they are deprived from their life sustaining supplies. Hundreds of thousands hectors of wetlands have been drained for agriculture. Globally, agriculture accounts for 65% of total water withdrawn from the earth.

Invasive (Exotic) or alien species have severe effect on local flora & fauna.

Pollution:It is growing concern effecting drinking water resources and biological diversity. Draining and run-off from fertilized crops/pesticides and in industry produces nitrogen and phosphorus. These chemicals can effect health, reproduction of species causing a serious threat to biological diversity.

Climate change:Increasing in temperature and causing polar ice to melt, sea level rises. This in return leads to shallow wetlands and being swamped and some species of Man-groove trees being submerged and drowned.

Dams:

World-wide there are over 40,000 dams which alter the natural flow of water and disturb eco-systems. If there is a need of dam to be built therefore development should be sustainable as possible to ensure minimum negative impact on biodiversity.