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Oi OvPl-lo 66 tKKIVOVV an-6 TOV aYYAIKOV OT061-16v 0 oTToio~ 66 rupioKETol 27 XIshyAl0~ EI~ 10 ~aWTEpIKOV TOU NT63europ Kol eo KaTaAyovv Els TOV yaAAIK6vb o1ToioS 60 OrrEXlJ 6 X1A101J OTTO Tf)V ltl1ltTV H OATj 51a5pol-ltj 66 npa)lJaTOTToIELTat EVTOS 45 t1EOv yO oTll-lelw6~ OTI I) 5Ia5po~ UlTO v o~oyyo eo crTOIXIlJ 6AIYWshynpov on6 ooov 0T01XlSei O1j~epov ti KlvTjOIS 510 TWV 6XT1I-IaTaywywv To elOITlplOV TWV ~TT1I3OTWV ~V TOVTOIS eo EXlJ lTOAV I-IIKpOV SIOIflOpav t110 TO 151wshyTlKQ- OfTOKivTjTO 0 VaUAOo e6 euroTval TO 33 1TepilTov ToV aTjl-leplVOU EVW 5H1 TO ~l-IlTOPEUIJOTO 6a dvOI 1TEpf1TOV TO TlI-I IOV

78

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H yOAf1KI) hmpo Socile du Viagrashyphe hrevoTjOe oVQJ(ruilv KcrTaAATJAOV SIC) TO wltplPil OAAix Kol TCl)(Vv fAeuroYXOV Tils 61a-rO~iis ~IIaS aSou H QUOKfUi anOTEshyAEiTOI lthr6 nAileo TPOXilV ~6pa~oshyIJEvWV hr TOU ~66qgtovS 61CITETCXYIJ~VWV hT eUpoundlelas Kat cruvaplJOAOYOVlJfvWV I-lETashy~u TWV KaTO T010VToV Tp6TrOV wan vO TrpOO51Op~OVV TO KtVTPOV l36pOVS TOU

TIJ~lJaTOS Til) KaTCt 1J11KOS SIOTOIJTlS Tiis acrqgt6ATou TllfJIJOQ5 hd TOU OTTOOV

~qgta-rrTOVTOI (01 TpoXel) H IJETCIldvT)OlS Tfis OVOlCEUfis hTI Tngt 6altpOATOU KaTO 1J1lKOS TiiS 610101-1115 n onolo OfyxETot npoKoAEi ypalJlJlKt1V IIETcoclvf)Dlv TOU KlvTPOU papovs Kal Ko6opf~(1 olml TO YEWIJOPIK6v TOU T6nov H KonrVATJ i 01roa VA01TOIEI av-rov TOY OTTOV XP11shyCrllJOfTOIEiTm WS 6~f)pla (etal avashy1gtOp5S) 6l() TT)V CmOTIJT)OlV TWV KaTashyKOPUqgtWV 6Vl000l061J1WV Ti1s 610TOl-lfjS Ketepound-rgtS TTpOS TO KeuroVTPOV ~apovs

To Viagraphe WS wvolJaaeTl n Ov01(evlj a-n-oTeAeiTal OTTO 8 IJIKpOUS TPOXOUS )(ashyTaveIJ1W~vOVS els Taas 61rooTaOelS hTl IJ~KOUS 9 IJ Ka 30 ~KaTOltTTCJV 01 Tpoxo l ETven Ou~euYlJtvol avO Suo Tij 130f)ed~ 6~ovo~-ltvyov 6crns J(aAEiTaI ~rTPWTEtH)Vraquo J(ol 01 4 OUTOI 6~oves OVVSiOV TOI ava Suo uSeunpeuovnsamp 0 1 oTfoiol uTTopashyOTO~OVTal TEAIKWS uno tv6) ~ )(eYTpIKeV

Ets TO IJtaov TOU laquoIEVTP1KOUraquo qUwv amp~oshyvaS exe1 TTpoaaplloailfj a ~pevvTlTH(OS TposhyXOS (0 KA11eeIS laquoSpoIl6IJeTpovraquo) IJ~ 51shyTTAOV TTpOOplaIJOV Tilv llilPTlOIV TT1S 6105polJT1S T~V oTTolav 51avUEI fJ OVO1ltEVT) els 111V ~ACYXOIJEv11v )(oTO IJ~KOS 610TOIJV (OTTEp iTflTUyxaveTal SIO TT1S lJeTa500Ews 1iis K1V1)aEWS eTTl TIllvlas XOPTOV OTTOU Of)IJEIWVeTal TO IJTlIltOS UTTO IltAIIJOKO 1 100) Kol uiOTTolllow IJ~ x6pa~lv tTTl XapTlvT)S Tow1as TC)v avlcrooTaelJl()V Tils KOTa 1Jij I(OS SlaTOIl~S Kat Il6AIOO els TTPOCYIlOTIKOV IJtyeeos (amp tTT1TJ)X6shyVETal IJ~ avocypa~nv ~TTI TOU XapTOV ~VOS 6~ovos civa~opos Kat ~KaT~pWeEV TOU TOV Tc)V SIaltVlJavaEWV TfjS hnqxxvefas liiS 6a~aATou) H tKfoyT) aOTl) Tc)V Kf1shyIJCrKWV 1 100 KalIl 515el Il[av Alav CrKpll3fj arro-nJTTwalv TWV avWlJaAIWv at onotal avaA6yws TOU lJeyi60vs TWV KClTayPOltJIOVTaJ 6lIo TpeTS IJETPT)TOS t 5 mm plusmn 10 mm plusmn 15 mm

bull0 aKpoundApoundTOs Tils aUOKEvis elval KanOKfuashyOlJfvOS Sit A6yous aKall1fpoundOS Kat tAatpp6shyTTlTOS blt 1l0PltJI0aISnpOV T) S~ TC1XUT11S IJETOOltIV1)OEWS (Kal ~yypaCPT1S TWV TOIshyVl()V) 6v~PXETOI Els 4 X1A101J wplalws lJt CtJltpleOY ~AtyxOV 1 mm

BloypacplKa

C1I~EIc~aTa

EyevvljeT] EIS iayKaSa ApKa5las TO 1932 T6 1957 ellap T6 oiTrllo M~xa vOA6yov - HAEKTpOA6yov TOU EevlIltoU METao~lov nOAvTexvefou Elpyaa6T] Eis TOV OTE (1959-61) Eis TO K~VTpOV nVpT]VIIC()V bullEpevvwv laquoaf)1J6J(PITOS)l (1961 shy64) Kol Eis TnV a EH (YTTT)pEofa EK-rralshySeumws) aTTo TOU 1964 IJtXPI aTlJEpov ETTllJEiT]TnS poundIs T1)V ~ E6pav Tils reVllltll Kat f3rEWPT]TIKtS HMKTponxvlas I TOU EMn 6rr6 TOV 1959

nOV01ubtT1~ 0 ZaxapllroT1~

nOAIT1KOS MT]xaV1KOS hrl rxxelJ41 alevshyeUVTOV A TTapa Tt7J YTTOVpYEfctl Eacushy

TEPIKWV EqxgtTT]otV Eis TnV AvwTCrrT]v LXOA~V nOAITIJ(Cgtv Mf)XOVIKWV TeV E6vIshyICO MeTooj3poundov nOAvTExve lou amprr6 TO 1928 EWS TO 1933 o3~)V TO 5lTTiwlla noiITIKov Ml1xaYIKoV TO 1933 lTPOOEshyAljqgtSI1 T6 iS10Y haS els TT)V TexvlKtj YTTl1pealav aljlJWV Kal K01VOTljTWV NoshyIJOU XaAKISIJ(fj S wS TTpoYa7aIJeVOS aUTijS lleAETTjOOS Kal t1T1AiljJas lpya TToaTjS ~VaEWS 151ws I5lJws USpEucrEwS OTToxeshyTEVcrEWS Kat 05onoras To hos 1939 TTpoaeAljcpeT] lOis TnV TEXVllcnV YTT11peolav aljlJwv Kat KOIVOTfTWV NOlJou geoaashyAovIK11S Os TTpoiaTOIJEVOS Tl)S uTTT[pEofas Talrrf)S ovveriAEaEv Eis 111v 6pTlav opy6shyvwalv mrriiS J(ooaoTljaas aUTllv hcav i)v vCtIJEiETIjOl) tl1T6 T1)V Kae06ljYf)alv ooIrOU Kat tmfAt1ff) KaT hos IJEYOAOV aplelJOV lpywv TToa11S JIUCTfWS 161wS OIJWS uSpoopshySeUT1KWV 6TToxenuatwv )(a 06oTTotfas KAlT Tlva TWV oTTofwv eewpovvTa lrrrOshySeYIJCXT1Ka Ev hEI 1956 ~TTeO1lt~qJe11 a~16Aoya tpya u6peuOews KaS OA11V TnV aVT1K~V replJavfov arro AIJBovpyov

lJpoundXpl Kat TT~pav M0V6(OV OTTOKa-raCTljshyOas g)(TOTE poundlTacpT)v lJt Kopv~alovs elSKouS rEPlJavouS ETTlOTtllJOvas

To hos 1958 ETvXev UlTOTpocpas Tfs nayKOaIJ10v OpyavWoEWS middotYyElas IlEshyTEICTTa l5eueEls tv ov51vw els u5pevoElS lCal arroXETevoE IS ~TTIOIltE~eEIS 5t Lv oushyVEXEfq a~16ioya epya USpEVOEWV Kat arroshyXET~~EWV Ka6 8AlV Tily Ayyifav wS lTTpoundailS elOIKO IvoTITouTa EpevvCw EshyTT(01ltE~e11 tv O1Ivexe1q rpya u6pEuOewv Eis rOvy)(OaAo~ov Ev hEI 1959 tVT1Ilepwshyen tTTt avrxp6vwv epywv 060TTOltCZS els rlOUYKoaAaBav AvoTpfav ITCXilov (06)(T) OlloaTTov5Ia) Tov aeKElJBp1ov

TOU 1959 TOU aTTEvelJljeT] 6 XpuOOUS ITCXVpOS TaU T6YlJaTos rewpylov A To hoS 1962 IJfTfTffiT] ets Aeljva) TTposhya~~pwv EKToTe TtS UTTT]PEPISlS 1i(u dS 1)v

KevTpilC1)v TexlIKTV YTtrlpealav TOO middotYshyTTopypound fov EOWTePIIltWV lTTl~Tailels

lJt TOV TOlJia TWY aTTOXETEuapoundWv Ka )Jt TI ya lpya v5~ucrEwo

To fTOS 1966 ~KX1)ST] els TO ty)(W bull I CTiTov6alou ~pyov u5peuaews EIS Wildeshy3hlusen aUTKtS rEPlJav1as tv ouvfXelQ 5~ hTE01lt~te11 aTTov5aia Epya uSpEvaews J(aI161()s aTTOXETEUaEWS els ~opeI06UTIKV replJavfav (TTEploxal Ruhr- Ems) lAewv els hraJInv Kal 6TToKaTaCYTTjaas mOllCcshyvwvfav lJ~ )(opultJIalovs el51)(ouS replJavovs t lT lcr-rl)1l0vas nEi TO TtiOS TOU hovs 1966 IJETtO)(ev OIf)mlpWTllltoV OUlJTToa(OV vSpEvapoundWv tv Texep6vT) (24 OKTW~pfov 1966 15 3 Nopplov 1966) 6paS5 WS poundISIKos ollliT]TT)S TTapo Tiis nayKoalJlou OpyavwOEWS Yyelos (KevTplKoV - reshyVEUT]) tTTI TaU e~IJQTOS laquo~Epya u6prushyaews tTTlSEKTIKCx SovElalJOu els xwpas OVOTrTVOOolltvas ) 8ltTTpOawTTTjoas mshyTUXWS 1I)vEiia5a (ISe revIKTvEK60shyalV TexvlKWv XPOVIKWV 6p TeVxoVS 12 TOU- lieKEIJj3pfov 1966 aeA 70 fw 74)

78

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H yOAf1KI) hmpo Socile du Viagrashyphe hrevoTjOe oVQJ(ruilv KcrTaAATJAOV SIC) TO wltplPil OAAix Kol TCl)(Vv fAeuroYXOV Tils 61a-rO~iis ~IIaS aSou H QUOKfUi anOTEshyAEiTOI lthr6 nAileo TPOXilV ~6pa~oshyIJEvWV hr TOU ~66qgtovS 61CITETCXYIJ~VWV hT eUpoundlelas Kat cruvaplJOAOYOVlJfvWV I-lETashy~u TWV KaTO T010VToV Tp6TrOV wan vO TrpOO51Op~OVV TO KtVTPOV l36pOVS TOU

TIJ~lJaTOS Til) KaTCt 1J11KOS SIOTOIJTlS Tiis acrqgt6ATou TllfJIJOQ5 hd TOU OTTOOV

~qgta-rrTOVTOI (01 TpoXel) H IJETCIldvT)OlS Tfis OVOlCEUfis hTI Tngt 6altpOATOU KaTO 1J1lKOS TiiS 610101-1115 n onolo OfyxETot npoKoAEi ypalJlJlKt1V IIETcoclvf)Dlv TOU KlvTPOU papovs Kal Ko6opf~(1 olml TO YEWIJOPIK6v TOU T6nov H KonrVATJ i 01roa VA01TOIEI av-rov TOY OTTOV XP11shyCrllJOfTOIEiTm WS 6~f)pla (etal avashy1gtOp5S) 6l() TT)V CmOTIJT)OlV TWV KaTashyKOPUqgtWV 6Vl000l061J1WV Ti1s 610TOl-lfjS Ketepound-rgtS TTpOS TO KeuroVTPOV ~apovs

To Viagraphe WS wvolJaaeTl n Ov01(evlj a-n-oTeAeiTal OTTO 8 IJIKpOUS TPOXOUS )(ashyTaveIJ1W~vOVS els Taas 61rooTaOelS hTl IJ~KOUS 9 IJ Ka 30 ~KaTOltTTCJV 01 Tpoxo l ETven Ou~euYlJtvol avO Suo Tij 130f)ed~ 6~ovo~-ltvyov 6crns J(aAEiTaI ~rTPWTEtH)Vraquo J(ol 01 4 OUTOI 6~oves OVVSiOV TOI ava Suo uSeunpeuovnsamp 0 1 oTfoiol uTTopashyOTO~OVTal TEAIKWS uno tv6) ~ )(eYTpIKeV

Ets TO IJtaov TOU laquoIEVTP1KOUraquo qUwv amp~oshyvaS exe1 TTpoaaplloailfj a ~pevvTlTH(OS TposhyXOS (0 KA11eeIS laquoSpoIl6IJeTpovraquo) IJ~ 51shyTTAOV TTpOOplaIJOV Tilv llilPTlOIV TT1S 6105polJT1S T~V oTTolav 51avUEI fJ OVO1ltEVT) els 111V ~ACYXOIJEv11v )(oTO IJ~KOS 610TOIJV (OTTEp iTflTUyxaveTal SIO TT1S lJeTa500Ews 1iis K1V1)aEWS eTTl TIllvlas XOPTOV OTTOU Of)IJEIWVeTal TO IJTlIltOS UTTO IltAIIJOKO 1 100) Kol uiOTTolllow IJ~ x6pa~lv tTTl XapTlvT)S Tow1as TC)v avlcrooTaelJl()V Tils KOTa 1Jij I(OS SlaTOIl~S Kat Il6AIOO els TTPOCYIlOTIKOV IJtyeeos (amp tTT1TJ)X6shyVETal IJ~ avocypa~nv ~TTI TOU XapTOV ~VOS 6~ovos civa~opos Kat ~KaT~pWeEV TOU TOV Tc)V SIaltVlJavaEWV TfjS hnqxxvefas liiS 6a~aATou) H tKfoyT) aOTl) Tc)V Kf1shyIJCrKWV 1 100 KalIl 515el Il[av Alav CrKpll3fj arro-nJTTwalv TWV avWlJaAIWv at onotal avaA6yws TOU lJeyi60vs TWV KClTayPOltJIOVTaJ 6lIo TpeTS IJETPT)TOS t 5 mm plusmn 10 mm plusmn 15 mm

bull0 aKpoundApoundTOs Tils aUOKEvis elval KanOKfuashyOlJfvOS Sit A6yous aKall1fpoundOS Kat tAatpp6shyTTlTOS blt 1l0PltJI0aISnpOV T) S~ TC1XUT11S IJETOOltIV1)OEWS (Kal ~yypaCPT1S TWV TOIshyVl()V) 6v~PXETOI Els 4 X1A101J wplalws lJt CtJltpleOY ~AtyxOV 1 mm

BloypacplKa

C1I~EIc~aTa

EyevvljeT] EIS iayKaSa ApKa5las TO 1932 T6 1957 ellap T6 oiTrllo M~xa vOA6yov - HAEKTpOA6yov TOU EevlIltoU METao~lov nOAvTexvefou Elpyaa6T] Eis TOV OTE (1959-61) Eis TO K~VTpOV nVpT]VIIC()V bullEpevvwv laquoaf)1J6J(PITOS)l (1961 shy64) Kol Eis TnV a EH (YTTT)pEofa EK-rralshySeumws) aTTo TOU 1964 IJtXPI aTlJEpov ETTllJEiT]TnS poundIs T1)V ~ E6pav Tils reVllltll Kat f3rEWPT]TIKtS HMKTponxvlas I TOU EMn 6rr6 TOV 1959

nOV01ubtT1~ 0 ZaxapllroT1~

nOAIT1KOS MT]xaV1KOS hrl rxxelJ41 alevshyeUVTOV A TTapa Tt7J YTTOVpYEfctl Eacushy

TEPIKWV EqxgtTT]otV Eis TnV AvwTCrrT]v LXOA~V nOAITIJ(Cgtv Mf)XOVIKWV TeV E6vIshyICO MeTooj3poundov nOAvTExve lou amprr6 TO 1928 EWS TO 1933 o3~)V TO 5lTTiwlla noiITIKov Ml1xaYIKoV TO 1933 lTPOOEshyAljqgtSI1 T6 iS10Y haS els TT)V TexvlKtj YTTl1pealav aljlJWV Kal K01VOTljTWV NoshyIJOU XaAKISIJ(fj S wS TTpoYa7aIJeVOS aUTijS lleAETTjOOS Kal t1T1AiljJas lpya TToaTjS ~VaEWS 151ws I5lJws USpEucrEwS OTToxeshyTEVcrEWS Kat 05onoras To hos 1939 TTpoaeAljcpeT] lOis TnV TEXVllcnV YTT11peolav aljlJwv Kat KOIVOTfTWV NOlJou geoaashyAovIK11S Os TTpoiaTOIJEVOS Tl)S uTTT[pEofas Talrrf)S ovveriAEaEv Eis 111v 6pTlav opy6shyvwalv mrriiS J(ooaoTljaas aUTllv hcav i)v vCtIJEiETIjOl) tl1T6 T1)V Kae06ljYf)alv ooIrOU Kat tmfAt1ff) KaT hos IJEYOAOV aplelJOV lpywv TToa11S JIUCTfWS 161wS OIJWS uSpoopshySeUT1KWV 6TToxenuatwv )(a 06oTTotfas KAlT Tlva TWV oTTofwv eewpovvTa lrrrOshySeYIJCXT1Ka Ev hEI 1956 ~TTeO1lt~qJe11 a~16Aoya tpya u6peuOews KaS OA11V TnV aVT1K~V replJavfov arro AIJBovpyov

lJpoundXpl Kat TT~pav M0V6(OV OTTOKa-raCTljshyOas g)(TOTE poundlTacpT)v lJt Kopv~alovs elSKouS rEPlJavouS ETTlOTtllJOvas

To hos 1958 ETvXev UlTOTpocpas Tfs nayKOaIJ10v OpyavWoEWS middotYyElas IlEshyTEICTTa l5eueEls tv ov51vw els u5pevoElS lCal arroXETevoE IS ~TTIOIltE~eEIS 5t Lv oushyVEXEfq a~16ioya epya USpEVOEWV Kat arroshyXET~~EWV Ka6 8AlV Tily Ayyifav wS lTTpoundailS elOIKO IvoTITouTa EpevvCw EshyTT(01ltE~e11 tv O1Ivexe1q rpya u6pEuOewv Eis rOvy)(OaAo~ov Ev hEI 1959 tVT1Ilepwshyen tTTt avrxp6vwv epywv 060TTOltCZS els rlOUYKoaAaBav AvoTpfav ITCXilov (06)(T) OlloaTTov5Ia) Tov aeKElJBp1ov

TOU 1959 TOU aTTEvelJljeT] 6 XpuOOUS ITCXVpOS TaU T6YlJaTos rewpylov A To hoS 1962 IJfTfTffiT] ets Aeljva) TTposhya~~pwv EKToTe TtS UTTT]PEPISlS 1i(u dS 1)v

KevTpilC1)v TexlIKTV YTtrlpealav TOO middotYshyTTopypound fov EOWTePIIltWV lTTl~Tailels

lJt TOV TOlJia TWY aTTOXETEuapoundWv Ka )Jt TI ya lpya v5~ucrEwo

To fTOS 1966 ~KX1)ST] els TO ty)(W bull I CTiTov6alou ~pyov u5peuaews EIS Wildeshy3hlusen aUTKtS rEPlJav1as tv ouvfXelQ 5~ hTE01lt~te11 aTTov5aia Epya uSpEvaews J(aI161()s aTTOXETEUaEWS els ~opeI06UTIKV replJavfav (TTEploxal Ruhr- Ems) lAewv els hraJInv Kal 6TToKaTaCYTTjaas mOllCcshyvwvfav lJ~ )(opultJIalovs el51)(ouS replJavovs t lT lcr-rl)1l0vas nEi TO TtiOS TOU hovs 1966 IJETtO)(ev OIf)mlpWTllltoV OUlJTToa(OV vSpEvapoundWv tv Texep6vT) (24 OKTW~pfov 1966 15 3 Nopplov 1966) 6paS5 WS poundISIKos ollliT]TT)S TTapo Tiis nayKoalJlou OpyavwOEWS Yyelos (KevTplKoV - reshyVEUT]) tTTI TaU e~IJQTOS laquo~Epya u6prushyaews tTTlSEKTIKCx SovElalJOu els xwpas OVOTrTVOOolltvas ) 8ltTTpOawTTTjoas mshyTUXWS 1I)vEiia5a (ISe revIKTvEK60shyalV TexvlKWv XPOVIKWV 6p TeVxoVS 12 TOU- lieKEIJj3pfov 1966 aeA 70 fw 74)