Robert Watson

A.H. Zakri

Salvatore Arico

Peter Bridgewater

Hama Arba Diallo

Adel El-Beltagy

Max Finlayson

Colin Galbraith

Erica Harms

Robert Hepworth

Olav Kjørven

Kerstin Leitner

Alfred Oteng-Yeboah

Christian Prip

Mario A. Ramos

Thomas Rosswall

Achim Steiner

Halldor Thorgeirsson

Klaus Töpfer

Jeff Tschirley

Riccardo Valentini

Hamdallah Zedan

Fernando Almeida

Phoebe Barnard

Gordana Beltram

Delmar Blasco

Antony Burgmans

Esther Camac Ramirez

Asoc iac ión Ixä Ca Vaá deDesarrollo e Información Indigena

Angela Cropper

Partha Dasgupta

José María Figueres Fundación Costa Rica para

el Desarrollo Sostenible

Fred Fortier

Mohamed H.A. Hassan

Jonathan Lash

Wangari Maathai

Paul MaroDar es Salaam

Harold A. Mooney( )

Marina MotovilovaM.V.Lomonosv

M.K. PrasadKera l a Sas t r a Sah i tya

Parishad

Walter V. Reid

Henry Schacht

Peter Johan ScheiFridt jof Nansen

Ismail Serageldin

David Suzuki

M.S. SwaminathanMS Swaminathan

José GalíziaTundisi

Axel WenbladSkanska AB

Muhammad YunusGrameen

i

Millennium Ecosystem Assessment MA

2001 6 5

4

95 1360 MA

2005

MA

MA 1

"

" 21 2

3

MA

MA

MA

MA

MA MA

MA

MA

MA

20

ii

MA

MA

MA BEC

2006 6

MA

MA

MA

MA

MA

MA Christine Jalleh

2005 10 14

1

2000 21

M i l l e n n i u m E c o s y s t e m

Assessment MA MA 2001

MA 4 1360

MA

MA MA

2

MA

2

3

MA 1

2 20

3

3

4

5

MA

2/3

6

60

7

8

1/3

9

10

40

40% 50%

120%

1960 2000

3 6

1950 30

1700 1850

150

1/4

24%

1980

35%

20%

20%

1985

1913

1860

1960 1990

3 1990

1/4

20 80

1/10

11

20

12

1950 1980 18

19 1/4

1960

1

20 1/3

90%

100 1/3170 1/

3

26

13

150 1/3

Vibrio cholerae 1991

3

10 000

North American comb

jelly Mnerniopsis leidyi 20 80

20

Rhododendron shrub

Rhododendron ponticum 19

water hyacinth, Eichhornia

crassipes 19

1900

G o l d e n a p p l e s n a i l

Pornacea canaliculata

b r u s h t a i l p o s s u m

Trichosurus vulpecula

Gatun Lake

bass, Cichla ocellaris

Nile

perch, Lates niloticus

1954

200

z e b r a m u s s e l ,

Dreissena polymorpha

1988

Lake St. Clair 10

5

US Fish and Wildlife Services

50

brown

tree snake Boiga

irregularis

13

10

500

14

1

15

10

21 12 2532

1000

16

MA

MA 24

24 4

15 5

3

1960 2000 30 60 1

2.5

1/3

20 80

" "

1/10 1/100

10

17

+/-

+/-

20

+/-

+/-

a

+/-

18

1/4

GrandBanks10 13

19

20

--

2001 10 1

70%

10

5 20

10 20 90 21

Human Development Index

14

40

2000 2002 8.52 1997

1999 3700

11 26

10 20

1960 10

20%

20

21

MA 4 50 4

4 4

21 80 100

4

4

4

MA

22

1/3

2001

--

23

ForestStewardship Council

24

25

Island Press

Ecosystems and Human-Well-being: A Framework for Assessment

(Current State and Trends: Findings of the Condition and Trends Working Group, Volume 1)

(Scenarios: Findings of the Scenarios Working Group, Volume 2)

(Policy Responses: Findings of the Responses Working Group, Volume 3)

(Multiscale Assessments: Findings of the Sub-global Assessments Working Group, Volume 4)

(Our Human Planet: Summary for Decision-makers)

MAweb.org

(Ecosystems and Human Well-being: Synthesis)

(Ecosystems and Human Well-being: Biodiversity Synthesis)

(Ecosystems and Human Well-being: Desertification Synthesis)

(Ecosystems and Human Well-being: Human Health Synthesis)

(Ecosystems and Human Well-being: Wetlands Synthesis)

(Ecosystems and Human Well-being: Opportunities and Challenges for Business and Industry)

Walter V. Reid

Angela Cropper Harold A. Mooney

Doris CapistranoStephen R. CarpenterKanchan ChopraPartha DasguptaRashid HassanRik LeemansRobert M. MayPrabhu PingaliCristián SamperRobert ScholesRobert T. Watson ( )A.H. Zakri ( )

José SarukhánAnne Whyte

UNEP

CIMMYT 2002

(RIVM) 2004(SCOPE )

(WRI )

Tim Hirsch

UNEP-GRID-Arendal Emmanuelle Bournay Philippe RekacewiczUNEP-GRID-Arendal

D JUNTAWONSUP / UNEP / Still PicturesW SZWEY / UNEP / Still PicturesMARGARETE SCHULE / UNEP / Still Pictures UNEP 052-2S.Nazan/UNEP / Still Pictures

JORGE GOMEZ CHAMORRO/UNEP / Still PicturesUNEP / Still PicturesKOREKAZU YASHIRO/UNEP / Still PicturesUNEP / Still Pictures