qìBó koüBÖQ ìÛBèú: 12/6/9831 qìBó Knüp} ðùBüþ: 91/3/0931 ...5002 ,la te kcE nav...

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yíBoû 82,| yíBoû| KBüýr ô qìvPBó 0931retniW & nmutuA 82.oN

qìBó koüBÖQ ìÛBèú: 12/6/9831 qìBó Knüp} ðùBüþ: 91/3/0931

^ßýlûyùp Gú ÎñõAó ÎBèþ|Opüò ðíõk Oíló Gzpÿ, ðÛ{GñýBküñþ ko AüXBk qðlâþ gõJGpAÿ OíBï yùpôðlAó oA kAok. AìB ko Îýò cBë OBÞýl Gp AGÏBk Þíþ oyl ko GvýBoÿ AqÞzõoøB Gõütû ko ÞzõoøBÿ ko cBë OõuÏú ìñXp Gú kô ÚÇHþ yló yùpøB âpkülûAuQ. ô Aq Aüò oôÿ GpAÿ cê ìzßç|R Gzp yùpðzýò ô AoOÛBF AGÏBk Þý×þ qðlâþ Aôì×ùõìþ|OdQ ÎñõAó Þý×ýQ qðlâþ ìÇpf ô ìõok OdÛýÜ ÚpAo âpÖQ. ko ôAÚÐ ølÙìÛBèú OHýýò uÇõf Þý×ýQ qðlâþ ko GBÖQ Öpuõkû yùp ìýBðlô@J Gp ìHñBÿ 6yBgÀ AÚP¿Bkÿ, AWPíBÎþ, ìvßõðþ, kuPpuþ Gú Ovùýç|R ô AìßBðBR yùpÿ,kuPpuþ Gú cíê ô ðÛê Îíõìþ|ô Þý×ýQ GùlAyQ ìdýÈ ìþ|GByl. oô}Gú ÞBoâpÖPú ko Aüò ìÛBèú Oõ¾ý×þ Odéýéþ ìþ|GByl. AGPlA ìÇBèÏBR AÞPzBÖþ Gú ¾õoRÞPBGhBðúAÿ ô GBqkül ìÛlìBOþ ¾õoR âpÖPú ô ìÇBèÏú ìýlAðþ GB AuP×Bkû Aq oô}KpuzñBìú|Aÿ AðXBï ylû AuQ. GpAÿ OÏýýò cXî ðíõðú ìõok ìÇBèÏú Aq OßñýàÞõÞpAó AuP×Bkû ylû ô ko ðùBüQ GpAÿ Odéýê ô oOHú|Gñlÿ ìdç|R, oô}@ðPpôKþ ôWASGú ÞBo âpÖPú ylû AuQ. Gp ìHñBÿ Gpouþ|øBÿ ¾õoR âpÖPú yBgÀ ÖÃBÿuHr GB AìPýBq 774/0 ô AgPç|Ù ̂zíãýpÿ ðvHQ Gú GÛýú yBgÀ|øB Aq AøíýQGBæ|üþ GpgõokAo Gõk. ko Þê ìýBðãýò øpüà Aq ÎBìê|øB ìdBuHú ylû AuQ Þú ÎBìêglìBR ô Ovùýç|R yùpÿ GB AìPýBq 831/0 ko oOHú Aôë ÚpAo âpÖQ Þú ðzBó køñlûÎlï oÂBüQ uBÞñýò GBÖQ Öpuõkû Aq Aüò yBgÀ ìþ|GByl Þú ko GpðBìú oürÿ|øBÿ@üñlû GBül Gú @ó OõWú qüBkÿ yõk. Gp AuBx ðPBüY GluQ @ìlû Aq Oßñýà WASìdç|R 12, 91 ô 02 Aq ðËp yBgÀ|øBÿ ìõok ìÇBèÏú ko GùPpüò ypAüÈ ô ìdç|R 11,01 ô 21 ko GlOpüò ypAüÈ ô KBüýò|Opüò oOHú ÚpAo kAoðl.ôAsâBó Þéýlÿ:Þý×ýQ qðlâþ yùpÿ, yBgÀ, GBÖQ Öpuõkû, Oßñýà WAS,yùp ìýBðlô@J.

ìdíl OÛþ oøñíBüþ-AuPBk kAðzßlû Îéõï AðvBðþ kAðzãBû OùpAó, OùpAó, AüpAó.AüõJ ìñõ̂ùpÿ ìýBðlô@J*|- kAðzXõÿ ÞBoyñBuþ Aoyl WÓpAÖýB ô GpðBìú oürÿ yùpÿ. kAðzãBû OùpAó, OùpAó, AüpAó.

Aìýò ÖpWþ ìç|Dþ- kAðzXõÿ kÞPpÿ WÓpAÖýB ô GpðBìú oürÿ yùpÿ, kAðzãBû OùpAó, OùpAó, AüpAó.

Odéýê Þý×ýQ qðlâþ ko GBÖQ Öpuõkû yùp ìýBðlô@J

* ðõüvñlû ìvEõë ìßBOHBR, yíBoû OíBx: 70923814190, oAüBðBìú: [email protected]

Analyzing urban quality of life in old fabric of

Miandoaab city

Abstract

City as highest symbol of human civilization has a fun-damental role for all citizens. But concentrating onlyon the quantitative aspect of cities has created a biopolar character in most of the developing countries. Sothe concept of quality of life deals with the problems ofurban residents and promotion of his qualitative aspectof living. In fact this paper tries to explain the qualityof life in the eroded fabric of the Miandoaab city on thebase of four socio-economic, physical-environmentaland mental-subjective indexes.The methodology of the research is based on descrip-tive-analytical methods by conducting a field work tocomplete the given questionnaires. Cochran techniquewas used to determine the number of samples, thenEntropy and SAW techniques were applied to analysisand rank the different neighborhoods. The resultsrevealed that the index of green space with score of0.477 showed clear difference with other indexes. Ingeneral, the mean of each factor was calculated whichthe factor of urban service and facility scored 0.138and placed in first rank as residents were dissatisfiedregarding to this index. It seems that provision of urbanfacilities should be considered more seriously in futureplanning. The findings from SAW technique revealedthat neighborhoods of 19, 20 and 21 had an appropri-ate condition while the neighborhoods of 10, 11 and 12placed the lowest rank.Key words: urban quality of life, index, eroded fabric,SAW technique, Miandoaab city

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ìÛlìúyùp Gú ÎñõAó GvPp qüvQ Gzp kAoAÿ ðÛ{AuBuþ koAüXBk AcvBx oÂBüPíñlÿ kAyPú ô ko ôAÚÐ yßê køñlûuHà qðlâþ AðvBó ô OÏýýò Þññlû Þý×ýQ qðlâþ AôuQ.Kw OõWú Gú ìdýÈ Öýrüßþ yùp Aq uõÿ GpðBìú oürAó ôuBìBðløþ @ó ðÛ{ìùíþ ko GùHõk Þý×ýQ qðlâþ GzpkAok (5002 ,la te kcE nav &8002,eromreveL dnahtimS). ko Îýò cBë ìdýÈ ußõðQ AðvBó ô AcvBxOÏéÜ Aô Gú ìdýÈ ðýr GvýBo GýzPp Aq ÖBÞPõoøBÿ WíÏýQyñBgPþ ô AÚP¿Bkÿ–AWPíBÎþ ko Þý×ýQ qðlâþ ìõSpAuƒƒQ (5002,la te gN). Gƒú ÎƒHƒBoOƒþ yƒùƒp ðƒíƒõkyƒƒBgÀ|øBÿ cýBOþ Gzp ko ÒBèHþ uBqìñl ô A¾õèþAuQ Þú AðvBó ̂õó ìËpôÙ ÊpÙ ìdýÈ yùpÿ ko Þñ{ìƒƒPƒƒÛƒƒBGƒê GƒB ìdýÈ KýpAìõó gõk AuQ (oøñíBüþ ôyBû|cvýñþ, 5831).oôðl yPBGBó yùp ðzýñþ ko ÞzõoøBÿ kocBë OõuÏú GBOBSýp ¾pÙ Gp oôÿ WñHú|øBÿ Îýñþ OõuÏú (oyl) Gõütû kouBë|øBÿ Kw Aq Wñä WùBðþ kôï, ðú OñùB kuPýBGþ GúOõuÏú oA ìÛlôo ðvBgQ Géßú Gp ðBGvBìBðþ|øBÿ Þý×ýQÎýñþ ô møñþ yùpøBÿ WùBó uõï AÖrôk. Gpôq AðõAÑðƒBGpAGpÿ|øB, ÖÛp âvPpkû, OhpüI ìdýÈ|qüvQ, uõFOÓnüú, OõuÏú ðBìõqôó yùp ô Òýpû OñùB Ghzþ Aq @SBo uõFAüò AÚlAìBR Gõk. Aüò O×BôR|øBÿ @yßBo ko Þý×ýQ qðlâþyùpÿ Gú Æõo ÚBGê OõWùþ GB OXíÐ yùpøBÿ ¾ñÏPþ kocBë oyl Úpó ðõqkøî Þú ìñXp Gú KýlAü{géýXþ AqSpôR ô ÖÛp yl, Êùõo ðíõk Þú gõk âõAû ìñBuHþ GpAüòcÛýÛQ AuQ Þú ÖpAüñl OõuÏú yùpÿ mAOB¯ ìvBèú uBqGõkû ô GB OÛvýíBR ô OñõÑ AWPíBÎþ–ÖÃBüþ øípAû AuQ(ba3002 ,enoicaP). AìƒƒƒƒB Gƒú OƒloüƒY Aüƒò ìƒ×ùõïAqOõuÏú Þú koAGPlA ìPBSp Aq ðËpüú ðõuBqÿ (0691) Gõk ôAGÏBk Oßñýßþ oA ìlðËp kAyQ WBÿ gõk oA Gú oôüßpkWƒlüƒl OƒƒõuƒÏƒú, üƒÏƒñƒþ OõuÏú AðvBðþ kAk Þú ko@óWñHú|øBÿ AWƒPƒíƒBÎƒþ ôÖpøñãþ ko AôèõüQ ðhvPýò ÚpAokAoðl (ðÛlÿ ô ¾BkÚþ, 5831, Á 612) . Aüò oôüßpkWƒlüƒl ìñXp Gú Êùõo ì×ùõìþ|Wlül GBÎñõAó Þý×ýQqðlâþ1 yl. ì×ùõï Þý×ýQ qðlâþ GpAÿ ðhvPýò GBo ko

uƒBë 6691 koÞPBGþ GBÎñõAó OõuÈ oüíõðl GBDp ìõok OõWú ÚpA âpÖQ (ìùlürAkû ôküãpAó, 5831, Á 64). Îƒƒç|ôû Gƒƒp ìÇBèÏBR AWPíBÎþ AqÞý×ýQ qðlâþ (0102,la te nosaM.J & 0102,la tegnaW) ìþ|OõAó Gú ìÇBèÏBR AÚP¿Bkÿ (6002,la tedaehetihW & 1002,gnoW), GƒƒƒùƒƒƒƒlAyƒƒƒƒPƒƒƒþ ôKryßþ(.0102 ,avolakuG dna oknehchsayR &9002 ,la te bibaH), ìƒƒÇƒBèƒÏƒBR ìdýÇþ(6002,yawatseW.S & 9002 ,resoM & 9002 ,la te

neleeG .J.M & 1002 ,diorfedoG), ô AðõAÑ küãpÿ AqìÇBèÏBR AyBoû ðíõk Þú OõuÈ ìPh¿¿ýò Îéõï ìhPéØAðXBï ylû AuQ. ko OíBï ìÇBèÏBR ¾õoR âpÖPú GB øpOh¿À ô âpAüzþ OñùB üà ølÙ oA ìlðËp kAyPú|Aðl ô @óuBìBðløþ yùp GpAÿ GùrüvPþ Gzp ìþ|GByl ô ènA GpAÿuBìBðløþ ÖÃBÿ yùp ô GùHõk Þý×ýQ qðlâþ yùpÿ koAGƒÏBk ìhPéØ ìdýÈ yùp ìÇBèÏBR ìPÏlkÿ ¾õoRâpÖPú AuQ. Þú ìþ|OõAó Gú ìÇBèÏBR cíê ôðÛê ô Þý×ýQqðlâþ (6002 ,getS dna toorG ed & 9002 ,la te,yennipS .L.E), ÞBoGpÿ qìýò ô Þý×ýQ qðlâþ (9991,htimS .C dna zeuqraM .O & 4002 ,irumeV .W

dna ssuerP) ô AðõAÑ ìhPé×þ AqìÇBèÏBR küãp ðBï Gpk Þúko cõqû Þý×ýQ qðƒƒlâƒƒþ ô uƒƒBìƒƒBðƒløþ ìdýÈ yùpÿ¾õoR âpÖPú AuQ.ì×ùõï yùp Aülû| @ë, ko uBë 0781ìÇpf âpkülû ô @ó oA yùpÿ ðBï ðùBkðl Þú kAoAÿ øõAÿOƒíýr, cíê ôðÛê Îíõìþ|ô ko kuPpx, GýíBouPBðùBÿÞõ̂à ô ìdéþ ô @uBüzãBû GpAÿ uBèíñlAó ô GýíBoAóoôAðþ (KBKéþ ürkÿ ôoWHþ uñBWpkÿ, 2831, Á 19). Aâp^ú ì×ùõï Þý×ýQ qðƒlâƒþ ô ìƒ×ƒBøýî ìpOHÈ GB @ó (yùpuƒBèƒî, yùp AÞõèõsüà, yùp Aülû| @ë, üõOõKýB, ìlüñúÖƒƒBÂéƒú, yƒùƒpKƒBüƒlAo ô Òýpû) ìlR|øBuQ ko ìdBÖêkAðzãBøþ ô AWpADþ ÞzõoìBó ìÇpf ô ìõok ðËp AuQ.AìB OB Gú cBë Oç|}|øBÿ ìdlôkÿ (ìTç|: Þõÿ 31 @GBó koOùpAó) koWùQ kuQ|üBGþ Gú Aüò Aìp ¾õoR âpÖPú AuQ.Aüò ì×ùõï koAüpAó GpAÿ Aôèýò |GBo ko @mo ìBû 0731, GBGpârAoÿ uíLõqüõï yùp uBèî koOùpAó ìÇpf ylû ô GúkðHBë @ó ko uBë 5731 GB yÏBo

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GùPp> Aq uõÿ uBqìBó WùBðþ GùlAyQ ìñXp yl OB KBüBóuBë 5731 ko ìXíõÑ 65 yùp ko AüpAó ko AWpAÿ AüòKpôsû ÖÏBèýQ Þññl (WBðHBGBðtAk, 7831, Á 23). Þý×ýQqðlâþ AÒéI GB AuP×Bkû oôüßpkøBÿ Îýñþ üB oôüßpkøBÿmøñþ ô Gú ðloR GB AuP×Bkû Aq øp oôüßpk AðlAqû âýpÿìþ|yõk, ô Aüò oôüßpkøB AÒéI Gú Æõo ìñXrA üB Gú ðloRko OpÞýI GB øî GpAÿ AðlAqû| âýpÿ Þý×ýQ qðlâþ yùpÿ GúÞBo ìþ|oôðl (8002 ,eeL).oôüƒßƒpk|øBÿ møñþ Aq KýíBü{AkAoAÞBR, AoqüBGþ|øB ôoÂBüQ uBÞñBó Aq qðlâþ yùpÿ Gú kuQ ìþ| @üñl, Þý×ýQmøƒñƒþ qðƒlâƒþ, AkoAá ìƒpkï Aq ôÂÏQ qðlâýzBó oAìñÏßw ìþ|uBqk ô GB AuP×Bkû Aq yBgÀ|øBÿ møñþAðƒlAqû| âƒýƒpÿ ìƒþ|yƒõk. yƒBgÀ|øBÿ møñþ Gp AuBx^ƒãƒõðãþ koá ô Oõ¾ýØ ìpkï Aq ôÂÐ gõk AuPõAoìþ|GByñl (6791 ,llebmaC) ô GpAÿ AoqüBGþ AÖpAk AqôÂÏýQ Îýñþ qðlâþ AuP×Bkû ìþ|yõðl (8002 ,saD).Aüƒò yƒBgƒÀ|øƒB Aq KýíBü{AkoAá, oÂBüQ ô AoqüBGþyùpôðlAó Aq qðlâývzBó Gú kuQ ìþ| @üñl. yBgÀ|øBÿmøñþ uÇe oÂBüQ AGpAq ylû OõuÈ AÖpAk ô âpôøùB oA ÞúA¾Çç|cBÅ GùrüvPþ møñþ ðBìýlû ìþ|yõk, AoqüBGþìþ| Þñl (6002 ,aznatsoC). Aüò yBgÀ|øB ìHPñþ GpâƒƒrAoyƒBR yƒhƒ¿ƒþ AÖƒpAk Aq AkoAÞƒBR|yƒBó ko ìƒõokWñHú|øBÿ ìhPéØ qðlâþ AuQ ô ìýrAó oÂBüQ AÖpAk ôâƒpôøƒùƒB oA Aq OƒBCìƒýƒò ðƒýƒBqøBüzBó ìõok Gpouþ ÚpAoìþ|køñl. Aüò yBgÀ|øB Þú ìßíê ìPÓýpøBÿ AWPíBÎþ,AÚP¿Bkÿ ô ìdýÇþ ìþ|GByñl, AkoAÞBR ô AoqyýBGþ|øBÿAÖpAk oA Aq ôÂÏýQ Îýñþ ô ìéíõx qðlâþ|yBó ðíBü{ìþ|køl. ko cBèýßú yBgÀ|øBÿ Îýñþ ìpGõÉ Gú cÛBüÜÚBGê ìzBølû øvPñl Þú ÒBèHB« Aq kAkû|øBÿ SBðõüú Gú kuQìþ| @üñl. ko ôAÚƒÐ øƒlÙ ìƒÛBèú OHýýò uÇõf Þý×ýQ qðlâþ GBAuP×Bkû Aq OpÞýI yBgÀ|øBÿ Îýñþ ô møñþ ko GBÖQÖpuõkû yùp ìýBðlô@J Gp ìHñBÿ 6 yBgÀ AÚP¿Bkÿ,AWPíBÎþ, ìvßõðþ, kuPpuþ Gú Ovùýç|R ô AìßBðBRyƒùƒpÿ, kuƒPƒpuƒþ Gú cíê ô ðÛê Îíõìþ|ô Þý×ýQGùlAyQ ìdýÇþ Þú Gú ¾õoR OpÞýI yBgÀ|øBÿ Îýñþ

ô møñþ Gõkû AuQ. ko Aüò oAuPB qüp yBgÀ|øBüþ ̂õóÞƒýƒ×ƒýƒQ oôAGÈ øívBüãþ, Þý×ýQ AìñýQ AWPíBÎþ,Þý×ýQ ìzBoÞQ, Þý×ýQ oÂBüPíñlÿ, ko¾l GBuõAkAó,ÚƒýƒíƒQ qìýò, ko@ìl gBðõAo, yÓê upKpuQ gBðõAo(ko¾l), ôÂÏýQ Opkk uBÞñBó, Þý×ýQ AGñýú (ko¾l),ôÂÏýQ ìBèßýQ (OÏlAk), ôÂÏýQ kuPpuþ Gú ÖÃBÿuHr, Þý×ýQ ôAcl ìvßõðþ Aq ðËp yùpôðlAó, kuPpuþGú glìBR yùpÿ (ìlouú, koìBðãBû, ìBüdPBZ), AìßBðBRoÖƒBøƒþ, kuPpuþ uõAoû Gú ôAcl ìvßõðþ ô Þý×ýQgýBGBó|øB ô Þõ̂ú|øB Þú øp ÞlAï @ðùB ðýr Gú qüp yBgÀøBüþ OÛvýî ìþ|yõðl Þú ko Wlôë yíBoû 1 Gú O×Ãýê@ôokû ylû AuQ, ìõok Gpouþ ô ìÇBèÏú ÚpAoâpÖPú AuQ.

OÏBoüØ ô AGÏBk Þý×ýQ qðlâþAìpôqû Þý×ýQ qðlâþ ì×ùõìþ|Ký̀ýlû AuQ ô GvýBoÿ AqkAðzíñlAó Îéõï AWPíBÎþ Aq AoADú OÏpü×þ WBìÐ ô ìBðÐ Aq@ó ðBOõAðñl; ̂pA Þú koá Aüò ì×ùõï Aquõÿ AÚzBo ìhPéØWBìÏú yùpÿ ìÏñBÿ ìP×BôOþ oA ìPHBko ìþ| Þñl (1,0891, noraeB &groeG); Gú ÎHBoOþ ko ìdýÈ yùpÿ Aüòì×ùõï Gú ôAuÇú OñõÑ Aðlüzú|øB ô Aüñßú øp Þw OÏpüØgB¾þ Aq qðlâþ ô oÖBû AWPíBÎþ kAok, ìÏñBÿ ìP×BôOþoAìP¿BÎl ìþ| Þñl (1,4002 ,renroc & dnoB). AìBkoüà OÏpüØ ÎBï, Þý×ýQ qðlâþ GB ÎñõAó qðlâþ oAcQ ôkuPpuþ Gú ðýBqøBÿ AuBuþ koüà ìdýÈ yùpÿ OéÛþìþ|yõk ( 2,4002 ,resiE). Þý×ýQ qðlâþ ko ôAÚÐ GúìÏñBÿ 2, üà ìßBó ìÇpf ìþ|yõk. GúÎHBoOþ koüà WBìÏú yùpÿ, Þý×ýQ qðlâþ Gp âpÖPú AqOXpGú ìzPpá uBÞñBó yùp Aq ìdýÈ yùp (ìTç|«: Þý×ýQøõA, @J, OpAÖýà, Öp¾Q|øBÿ O×püdþ, yÓéþ ô Òýpû) ôuÇe OõAðBüþ yùp ko KBuhãõüþ Gú AølAÙ ìõok ðËpuBÞñBó yùp ìþ|GByl; Gú ÎHBoOþ küãp Þý×ýQ qðlâþoüzú koÞ×BüQ AÚP¿Bkÿ, uýBuþ, ô AèrAìBR AWPíBÎþüà yùp kAok (801,7891 ,sreyM). Gú Æõo Þéþ oôüßpkÞý×ýQ qðlâþ yùpÿ Oç|yþ koWùQ AüXBk yùp uBèî ôÖpAøî @ôokó glìBR yùpÿ ìñBuI ô kokuPpx GpAÿøíãBó ko ̂ùBôõJ KBülAoÿ AuQ (901,1002,la te

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yíBoû| | 82 KBüýr ô qìvPBó 0931retniW & nmutuA 82.oN

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mahpraH); GñBGpAüò ko üà yùp uBèî GB Þý×ýQ qðlâþGƒBæ|, yƒpAüÈ ÞBèHlÿ, AWPíBÎþ ô AÚP¿Bkÿ ko WùQOƒõAðƒíƒñƒluƒBqÿ uBÞñýò yùp GpAÿ AWpAÿ ðÛ{|øBÿqðlâþ ô yßõÖBDþ AuPÏlAkøBÿ gõk ìùýB ìþ|GByl.ì×ùõï Þý×ýQ qðlâþ Gú ìpôo qìBó ô ìPñBuI GB ypAüÈgBÁ Öpøñãþ, AWPíBÎþ, uýBuþ ô AÚP¿Bkÿ øp WBìÏúkuPhõ}Odõæ|Oþ ìþ|yõk. Gú Æõo Þéþ ì×ùõï Þý×ýQqðlâþ ìPBSp AqìXíõÎú ÎõAìéþ AuQ Þú yBèõkû KõüBüþqðlâþ ko üà WBìÏú yùpÿ oA Ozßýê ìþ|køñl (ÖpWþìç|Dþ, 9831). AÞTp ìdÛÛBó ko ìÇBèÏBR Þý×ýQ qðlâþ@ó oA Gú kô GÏl OÛvýî Þpkû|Aðl, üßþ GÏl oôAðzñBgPþ ôküãpÿ GÏl ìdýÇþ (2002 ,massaM.H).

OÏýýò ô OlÚýÜ ìñÇÛú ìõok ìÇBèÏúyùp ìýBðlô@J Gú ÎñõAó ìpÞr yùpuPBðþ Gú øíýò ðBï koAuPBó @moGBüXBó ÒpGþ ko ìhP¿BR WÓpAÖýBüþ ¯ 75 ¹63 OB¯ 95 ¹63 ÎpÅ yíBèþ ô ¯4 ¹94 OB ¯8 ¹94 Æõë ypÚþ ô ko AoO×BÑclôk 0031 ìPpÿ ôAÚÐ ylû AuQ (upôo, 3831, Á 12).Aüƒò yƒùp GB ôuÏPþ ko clôk 3081 øßPBo, WíÏýPþìÏBkë 351411 ð×p oA ko gõk WBÿ kAkû AuQ. Aüò yùp koWéƒãú Aÿ ìvÇe ô ko ìýBó kô oôkgBðú qoüñú oôk ô

uƒýíýñú oôk ôAÚÐ ylû AuQ. ìdlôkû ìõok ìÇBèÏúÚvíPþ Aq yùp ìýBðlô@J oA yBìê ìþ|yõk Þú GB OõWú GúuñX{ôÂÏýQ yùp Gp AuBx ìÏýBoøBÿ Öpuõkâþ GúÎƒñƒõAó GƒBÖƒQ Öƒpuƒõkû Þƒú OƒõuÈ ìùñluýò ìzBôo@oìƒBðƒzƒùp yñBgPú ylû AuQ. ôuÏQ ìdlôk GBÖQÖpuõkû yùp ìýBðlô@J 742 øßPBo AuQ. Aüò ìdlôkû 41ko¾l Aq Þê uÇe yùp ìýBðlô@J oA ko Gp âpÖPú AuQ(ìùñluýò ìzBôo @oìBðzùp, 6831, Á 99) WíÏýPþ Þúko Aüò GBÖQ ußõðQ kAoðl ðýr ìÏBkë 93623 ð×p AuQ,Aüƒò OƒÏƒlAk 91 ko¾ƒl Aq Þƒê WíÏýQ uBÞò ko yùpìýBðlô@J oA Gú gõk AgP¿BÁ kAkû AuQ. Aüò ìdlôkû Aqkô ÚvíQ Ozßýê ylû AuQ Þú ko ypÝ ô ÒpJ oôkgBðúqoüƒñú oôk ÚpAo âpÖPú|Aðl, Aüò ðõAcþ Gú èdBÍ Þý×ýQAÚP¿Bkÿ, AWPíBÎþ, ÞBèHlÿ ô Òýpû O×BôR|øBÿ ðvHPBCqüBkÿ GB üßlüãp kAoðl, Þú ko Aüò OdÛýÜ Oç|}Gp @óAuQ Þú Aüò O×BôOùB yñBuBüþ yõk.

oô}OdÛýÜAüò OdÛýÜ Aq ðËp Gõkû ô AqyBgÀ|øBÿ Îýñþ ô møñþ Gú ¾õoR OpÞýHþ AuP×Bkûyƒlû AuƒQ, GƒpAÿ AðPhBJ yBgÀ|øBÿ OdÛýÜ ìõok

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ìÇBèÏú GB OõWú Gú AkGýBR ìõÂõÑ ko OdÛýÛBR kAgéþ ôgBoWþ ìõWõk, AuP×Bkû Þpküî, AÞTp yBgÀ|øB møñþGõkû üÏñþ ðËp gõk yùpôðlAó Kpuýlû ylû AuQ ô ÖÛÈ4 OB yBgÀ (ÚýíQ qìýò, ko¾l GBuõAkÿ, ìBèßýQg¿õ¾þ ô ðËp Ktôøzãp ðvHQ Þý×ýQ AGñýú) Îýñþ Gõkû

AuƒQ, ôèƒþ ko Aüò Ktôø{Aq oô}OpÞýHþ (Îýñþ ômøñþ) AuP×Bkû ylû AuQ. GpAÿ GluQ @ôokó kAkû|øBÿyBgÀ|øBÿ Îýñþ, ìÇBèÏBR ÞPBGhBðú Aÿ ¾õoR âpÖPú ôkAkû|øƒBÿ yƒBgƒÀ|øƒBÿ møƒñƒþ GƒB AuƒP×Bkû Aq oô}KƒpuzñBìú Aÿ ô ìýlAðþ GluQ @ìlû AuQ. ølÙ Aq

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AðPhBJ 6 yBgÀ A¾éþ OdQ Kõy{ÚpAo kAkó AGÏBkOƒBSýp ânAo ko Þý×ýQ qðlâþ yùpÿ Gõkû AuQ, y{yBgÀ OdÛýÜ Gú 71 qüp yBgÀ OÛvýî ylû AuQ, 71yBgÀ ðýr Gú qüpyBgÀ|øBÿ küãp OÛvýî ìþ|yõðl GúgBÆp øíLõyBðþ Aüò qüp yBgÀ|øB ðPBüY @ðùB Gú ¾õoRìýBðãýò ko 71 yBgÀ @ôokû ylû AuQ. WBìÏú|ÿ @ìBoÿìõok ìÇBèÏú yùpôðlAó uBÞò ko GBÖQ Öpuõkû Gõkðl,oô}ðƒíƒõðú âýpÿ Gú Aüò OpOýI Gõk Þú cXî ðíõðúKpuzñBìú|øB GB AuP×Bkû Aq Öpìõë ÞõÞpAó (oAGÇú 1) OÏýýòô uLw ko Þê ìdç|R GBÖQ Öpuõkû Þú ko Æpf O×¿ýéþGú 21ìdéú OÛvýî ylû|Aðl, ðíõðú GpkAoÿ âpkülû AuQ.OƒXƒrüƒú ô Oƒdéƒýƒê AÆç|ÎBR GB AuP×Bkû Aq oô}|øBÿOzpüdþ ô Þíþ ¾õoR âpÖPú AuQ.

oAGÇú (1) Gú ìñËõo ÚýBx ìýrAó GpgõokAoÿ ìdéú øB, GpAÿ øp üàAq ârüñú|øBÿ gýéþ qüBk, qüBk, ìPõuÈ, Þî, gýéþ Þî, Þúko KpuzñBìú èdBÍ ylû AuQ, ôqó øBüþ ko ðËp âpÖPúylû AuQ Þú Gú OpOýI 3, 2, 1, 1-, 2–ìþ|GByl.Aq ÂpJuƒùƒî øƒp üà Aq ârüñú|øB GB ôqó @ó ârüñú ô ìXíõÑOíBìþ|ôqó|øB GpAÿ øp üà Aq ìdéú øB, ìýrAó ôqó ðvHþøpüà Aq ìdéú|øB ìdBuHú âpkül AuQ. ko ðùBüQ GpAÿOƒÏƒýƒýƒò oOƒHƒú Þý×ýQ qðlâþ ìdç|R Aq ìPl @ðPpôKþ(A¾ÓpKõo, 7831, Á 691) ô WAS(øíBó, 232) AuP×Bkûylû AuQ.

-:ko oô}@ðPpôKþ ÖpAüñl qüp Æþ ylû

AuQ. GpAÿ AuP×Bkû Aq Oßñýà @ðPpôKþ ko ôqó|køþ AGPlAìÛlAo ðíBk EoA GB AuP×Bkû Aq oAGÇú (2) ìdBuHú ìþ| Þñýî.oAGÇú (2):

Gú âõðú|Aÿ Þú Küà SBGQ ìTHQ ìþ|GByl. Kw Aq @ó ìÛlAoìzhÀ PoA Gú AqAÿ øp Iô jGB AuP×Bkû Aq oAGÇú (3) ìõokìdBuHú ÚpAo ìþ|køýî: oAGÇú (3):

ô GpAÿ jEìXíõÎú jiPìÇBGÜ GB oAGÇú (4) kAoüî: oAGÇú (4):

Gú âõðú|Aÿ Þú:oAGÇú (5)

Kw Aq @ó koWú AðdpAÙ AÆç|ÎBR AüXBk ylû Þú GB jDGúAqAÿ yBgÀ JAï Aq oAGÇú (6) ìdBuHú ìþ| âpkk: oAGÇú (6):

GpAÿ ìdBuHú AôqAó jWAq yBgÀ|øBÿ ìõWõk ðùBüPB AqoAGÇú|(7) AuP×Bkû ìþ| Þñýî (Gú AqAÿ OíBìþ|jøB) oAGÇú (7):

-:oô}O¿íýî âýpÿ ̂ñl ìÏýBoû wasGú

ÎñõAó üßþ Aq uBkû|Opüò ô ko Îýò cBë KpÞBoGpkOpüòoô}|øBÿ ko uñX{ô OÏýýò uévéú ìpAOI O¿íýîâýpÿ AuQ (1002,noslO). Aüò yýõû GpAÿ ðhvPýò GBoko uƒBë|øƒBÿ Wñä WùBðþ GB ølÙ Gùýñú uBqÿ|øBÿÎíéýBOþ ìõok AuP×Bkû ÚpAo âpÖQ (4891,snavE). Aq @óqìBó OB Gú cBë Aüò oô}ko Îéõï ìhPéØ Gú ôütû ÎéõïAWPíBÎþ (ìlüpüQ ô OdÛýÜ ko ÎíéýBR) Gú âvPpkûìõok AuP×Bkû ÚpAo âpÖPú AuQ. Aìpôqû oô} wasGú kèýêuƒBkâþ ô ÂpüI gÇBÿ Þî @ó Gú Æõo âvPpkû ìõok

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AuP×Bkû ÚpAo ìþ| âýpk (1891,gnawH) Aq Wíéú ko ÎéõïÆHýÏþ (1891 ,nohsreG ;3891 ,nohsreG) ô Îéõïyùpÿ (3891 ,dgooV) GB ølÙ Gùýñú uBqÿ ô ðýr OÏýýòuéƒvéƒú ìƒpAOƒI ko AGƒÏBk ìhPéØ ìõok AuP×Bkû ÚpAoìþ| âýpk. ko AoOHBÉ GB uñX{Þý×ýQ qðlâþ ðýr Gú ÞBoâýpÿ oôyùBÿ Odéýê ̂ñl ìÏýBoû WASGú ìñËõo OHýýòuévéú ìpAOI GpgõokAoÿ yùpôðlAó Aq yBgÀ|øBÿoÖBû ô AuPBðlAokøBÿ qðlâþ üßþ Aq GùPpüò yýõû|øBÿOƒÏƒýƒýƒò ìƒdƒpôìƒýƒQ ko uÇe yùp ìþ|GByl (1002,nignelU). ko Aüò oô}GB ìzhÀ Gõ kó GpkAo wÞúGƒpkAo ôqó|øƒBÿ yBgÀ|øB ìþ|GByñl GB AðPhBJ ârüñúìñBuI *A GB AuP×Bkû Aq oAGÇú (8) KpkAgPú ìþ|yõk.oAGÇú (8):

^ñBð̀úGByl kAoüî:

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üBÖPú|øBÿ OdÛýÜ1–yBgÀ|øBÿ ìõok Gpouþ ko uÇe ìdç|R

-:ko Aüò uñXú 3 yBgÀ ìõok ìÇBèÏú ÚpAo

âpÖPú|Aðl (Wlôë yíBoû 1), Aôèýò yBgÀ ìõok ìÇBèÏúìPõuÈ ÚýíQ qìýò Gõkû AuQ, ÎéQ AðPhBJ yBgÀÚƒýƒíƒQ qìýò Aüò Gõkû AuQ Þú ÚýíQ qìýò gõk AqôÂÏýQ AWPíBÎþ ô AÚP¿Bkÿ uBÞñBó ìdç|R yùp ìPBSpAuQ ko ÎHBoOþ øp ìdéú|Aÿ Þú Aoq}qìýò GýzPp GByl,Gú OHÐ ôÂÏýQ AÚP¿Bkÿ uBÞñBó ìdéú ypAüÈ GùPpÿgõAøl kAyQ, Gú Æõo Òýp ìvPÛýî Gp Þý×ýQ qðlâþ OBCSýpìþ| ânAok, ìdéú 4 GB ôqó ðvHþ 171/0 GBæ|Opüò ÚýíQìPõuÈ qìýò oA kAoA ìþ|GByl Þú AèHPú ÚpAo âpÖPò ìpÞrOXBoÿ–AÚP¿Bkÿ yùp ìýBðlô@J ko Aüò ìdéú, GBÎUylû Þú Aoq}qìýò ðvHQ Gú ìdéú|øBÿ küãp Aq uÇeGBæ|üþ GpgõokAo GByl. GÏl Aq ìdéú 4, ìdç|R 12, 02, 91

Gú OpOýI ko oOHú|øBÿ GÏlÿ ÚpAo kAoðl Þú Gú gBÆp ðrküßþGú GBqAo ô øí̀ñýò Gú gBÆp AðvXBï AWPíBÎþ ìdéú,ìPõuÈ Aoq}qìýò ðvHQ Gú ìdç|R küãp Aq uÇeGBæ|üþ GpgõokAo øvQ. yBgÀ GÏlÿ ìýBðãýò ko@ìluBÞñBó ìdç|R GBÖQ Öpuõkû ìþ|GByl, AðPhBJ AüòyBgÀ ðýr OBCSýp ìvPÛýî @ó Gp Þý×ýQ qðlâþ ìþ|GByl ôGú Æõo Þéþ GpAÿ üà qðlâþ gõJ ko@ìl ÎBìê gýéþìõSpÿ ìþ|GByl, Gpouþ|øB ðzBó ìþ|køl Þú ìdéú 21GƒBæ|Oƒpüƒò ko@ìƒl oA kAok. uƒõìýò yBgÀ AÚP¿BkÿìƒBèƒßƒýQ g¿õ¾þ AuQ Þú ko Aüò yBgÀ AgPç|ÙqüBkÿ ko Gýò ìdç|R GBÖQ Öpuõkû ôWõk ðlAok.

-: ko Aüò uñXú 5 yBgÀ ìõok ìÇBèÏú

ÚpAo âpÖPú AuQ Þú Aôèýò yBgÀ ìõok ìÇBèÏú oôAGÈøívBüãþ ìþ|GByl, ko Aüò yBgÀ ìýrAó yñBgQ ôoôAGƒÈ uƒBÞƒñƒBó AoqüƒBGƒþ yƒlû AuƒQ, øƒp ̂ƒú oôAGÈøívBüãþ uBÞñBó oÂBüQ Gh{GByl ko AüXBk AcvBx@oAì{ô AìñýQ @ðùB OBSýp ìTHPþ gõAøl kAyQ, ìdéú 4ðƒvƒHƒQ Gƒú uƒBüƒp ìƒdç|R Aq oôAGÈ øívBüãþ gõGþGƒpgƒõokAo AuƒQ, AèƒHƒPú ko Þê ìdç|R GBÖQ ÖpuõkûyƒBgÀ oôAGÈ øívBüãþ gõJ Gõkû AuQ, yBgÀGÏlÿ ko Aüò uñXú Þý×ýQ AìñýQ AWPíBÎþ ìþ|GByl,Aüƒò yƒBgƒÀ ko ôAÚÐ üßþ Aq ìùíPpüò yBgÀ|øBÿAoqüƒBGƒþ Þý×ýQ qðlâþ ìþ|GByl, øp̂ú ìýrAó AìñýQAWPíBÎþ KBüýò GByl, @uBü{ô @oAì{yùpôðlAó ðýrKBüýò gõAøl Gõk, ìdéú 3 ko Aüò yBgÀ ko ôÂÏýQGƒùƒPpÿ ÚpAo kAok, ko Þê AgPç|Ù ðËp uBÞñBó ko AüòyBgÀ qüBk Gõkû AuQ, üßþ Aq ìzßç|R A¾éþ GBÖQÖpuõkû yùp ìýBðlô@©J KBüýò Gõkó AìñýQ AWPíBÎþ koAGÏBk ìhPéØ Gõkû Þú Gú Æõo ìýBðãýò @ôokû ylû AuQ,yBgÀ GÏlÿ ìzBoÞQ AWPíBÎþ uBÞñBó ko ìpAuî|øB ,Æƒpf|øƒBÿ GƒùƒvBqÿ ô ÎípAðþ ìdç|R Gõkû AuQ Þúìdéú|øBÿ 91 ô32 Aq ypAüÈ gõGþ GpgõokAo øvPñl,koÞê AoqüBGþ ðËp yùpôðlAó ðvHQ Gú Aüò yBgÀ ìTHQGõkû AuQ. yBgÀ GÏlÿ ko Aüò uñXú oÂBüPíñlÿuBÞñýò Aq ìdéú gõkyBó ìþ|GByl, Aüò uõACë Gú ¾õoRÞéþ Kpuýlû ylû AuQ, Aq yùpôðlAó ìýrAó oÂBüPíñlÿðvHQ Gú ìdéú Aÿ Þú ko @ó qðlâþ ìþ| Þññl Kpuýlû yl,

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uBÞñBó ìdéú 91 Aq ìdéú Aÿ Þú ko @ó qðlâþ ìþ| ÞpkðloÂBüQ GýzPpÿ kAyPñl, ôèþ uBÞñBó AÞTp ìdç|R GBÖQÖpuõkû ko ¾õoR kAyPò OõAó ìBèþ gõJ cBÂp Gú Opáìdéú gõk Gõkðl. yBgÀ GÏlÿ ìýrAó GBuõAkÿ qó ôìpk Gõk Þú O×BôR qüBkÿ Gýò ìdç|R ôWõk ðlAyQ.- :ko Aüƒò âpôû 2 yBgÀ ìõok ìÇBèÏúÚpAoâpÖPú|Aðl Þú Aôèýò yBgÀ ìõok ìÇBèÏú Þý×ýQ ôAclìvßõðþ Aq ðËp uBÞñBó Gõk, Þú ìdç|R 91 ô 02 Aq oÂBüQGƒýƒzPpÿ ðvI uBüp ìdç|R kAyPñl. yBgÀ GÏlÿÞý×ýQ AGñýú Aq ðËp KtôøzãpAó Gp AuBx ÖBÞPõo|øBÿðƒõuƒBq, ÚBGê ðãùlAoÿ, ìpìPþ, OhpüHþ Gõkû AuQ.ølÙ, ìÛBüvú ðËpAR yùpôðlAó ô KtôøzãpAó Gõk, øp^ñl ko oOHú Gñlÿ AgPç|Ù ôWõk kAok, ôèþ ko Þê ðPBüYAüò kô yBgÀ ðvHQ Gú øî ðrküà Gõkû AuQ.- :ko AüòuñXú 3 yBgÀ ìõok ìÇBèÏú ÚpAo kAok, Aôèýò yBgÀìõok ìÇBèÏú kuPpuþ Gú ÖÃBÿ GBq ô uHr Aq ðËp uBÞñBóìdç|R Gõkû AuQ. ðËp uBÞñBó ìdéú 12 oÂBüQ Gh{Gõkû ôèþ GÛýú ìdç|R Aq ypAüÈ gõGþ GpgõokAo ðývPñl,Aìpôqû kuPpuþ @uBó ô oAcQ yùpôðlAó Gú ÖÃBøBÿ GBqô uHr üßþ Aq ìÏýBoøBÿ A¾éþ OõuÏú KBülAo yùp ìdvõJìƒþ|yõk, ko GBæ| Gpkó ìýrAó @oAì{ô Þý×ýQ qðlâþyùpôðlAó ðÛ{ìùíþ kAok, GB OõWú Gú ôÂÐ ìõWõkuƒpAðƒú uƒHƒr ko uƒÇƒe ìdç|R GBÖQ Öpuõkû yùp ôøí̀ñýò AÊùBo ðËp yùpôðlAó ðvHQ Gú kuPpuþ GúÖÃBÿ uHr, ìùíPpüò ìzßê uBÞñBó GBÖQ Öpuõkû GõkûAuƒQ, ko AÞTp ìdç|R ÖÃBÿ GBq ô uHr ôWõk ðlAok.yBgÀ GÏlÿ ko Aüò uñXú kuPpuþ Gú glìBR yùpÿAq Wíéú ìlouú, koìBðãBû, gpül oôqAðú ô ø×Pãþ ô uBüpglìBR yùpÿ Gõkû AuQ Þú ìýBðãýò @ðùB ðzBó ìþ|kølìdç|R 12, 91 ô 02 Gú OpOýI ko ôÂÏýQ GùPp ô ìdéú 32 GBAìPýBq 46/0 ko KBüýò|Opüò oOHú ÚpAo kAok, ÎéQ ðBoAÂþGõkó uBÞñBó Aüò ìdéú kôoÿ Aüò ìdéú Aq ìpÞr yùp ôÚpAo âpÖPò ko uõÿ küãp oôkgBðú qoüñú oôk Gõkû Þú kokuPpuþ uBÞñBó Aüò ìdéú oA Gú glìBR yùpÿ oA GBìzßê oôGpô uBgPú AuQ. yBgÀ GÏlÿ ìýrAó oÂBüQÞéþ Aq AìßBðBR oÖBøþ Gõkû AuQ, ðPBüY ðzBó køñlû

oÂBüQ ðvHþ uBÞñBó ìdç|R Aq Aüò yBgÀ ìþ|GByl.- :ko AüòuñXú 2 yBgÀ ìõok ìÇBèÏú ÚpAo âpÖPñl, Aôèýò yBgÀìƒõok ìƒÇƒBèƒÏú ko Aüò âpôû kuPpuþ uõAoû Gú ôAclìvßõðþ Aq ðËp uBÞñBó ìþ|GByl, Aìpôqû kAyPò AOõìHýêüßþ Aq ìérôìBR A¾éþ qðlâþ yùpÿ ylû AuQ ô ÎlïkuPpuþ Aüò ôuýéú Gú ôAcl ìvßõðþ GpAÿ yùpôðlAóoÂBüQ Gh{ðývQ, ðËp uBÞñBó ìdç|R 91 ô 02 oAÂþÞññlû Gõkû AuQ ko ìÛBGê uBÞñBó ìdç|R 32 ô 11 ðvHQGú kuPpuþ ôuBüê ðÛéýú Gú ôAcl|øBÿ ìvßõðþ, oÂBüQðlAyPñl. ìdéú 32 uBgQ oôuPBüþ (oôuPBÿ AkÒBï ylûGú yùp) kAok ô ko Þê uBgPBo oôuPBüþ @ó GB ðýBq|øBÿWlülÿ yùpuBqÿ AðÇHBÝ ðlAok, ìdéú 11 ðýr Gú ÎéQÎlï kuPpuþ Gú gýBGBó|øBÿ A¾éþ ô øí̀ñýò ìÏBGpÚƒlüíþ Glôó øýa âõðú A¾ç|f GBÚþ ìBðlû AuQ, koðƒPýXú kuPpuþ ôuBüê ðÛéýú Gú kAgê GBÖQ ìzßêìþ|GByl. yBgÀ GÏlÿ ko Aüò âpôû Þý×ýQ gýBGBó|øB ôÞõ̂ú|øB Aq ðËp yùpôðlAó Gõkû AuQ Þú ìdéú 91 oAÂþ|OpGõkû ô ìdç|R 4 ô 3 oÂBüQ gõGþ ðlAyPñl. yBgÀGÏlÿ ìõok ìÇBèÏú ko Aüò uñXú Þý×ýQ kuPpuþ Gúcíê ô ðÛê Îíõìþ|Aq ðËp yùpôðlAó Gõkû AuQ Þú ìdéú32 ko oOHú Aôë ÚpAo kAok, GÏl Aq ìdéú 32 ìdç|R 02 ô 8 kooOHú|øBÿ GÏlÿ ÚpAo kAoðl. - :ko Aüò uñXú, yBgÀoÂƒBüƒPíñlÿ uBÞñBó ðvHQ Gú kÖÐ ÖBÂç|J, qGBèú ô@GùBÿ uÇdþ ìõok AoqüBGþ ÚpAo âpÖPú AuQ. ìdç|R 91 ô02 Aq ðËp uBÞñBó ìdç|R ko ypAüÈ GùPpÿ ÚpAo kAoðl. koÞƒê Aüƒò yƒBgÀ ko GBÖQ Öpuõkû yùp ìýBðlô@©J ôøí̀ñýò Þê yùp Gú ÎéQ yýI Þî (¾×p Aèþ3/0 ko¾l)Aq ìƒzßç|R Îílû ìdvõJ ìþ|yõk. ÖpAüñl ìÛBüvúAøíýQ Þéþ yBgÀ|øB ko AkAìú AoADú âpkülû AuQ. koWlôë yíBoû 4 ôqó ðvHþ øp üà Aq yBgÀ|øB @ìlûAuQ Þú ko Wlôë yíBoû 5 GpAÿ Gþ ìÛýBx Þpkó Aq oô}Gþ ìÛýBx Þpkó gÇþ AuP×Bkû ylû AuQ. ko ðùBüQKw Aq Æþ ìpAcê mÞp ylû ko WlAôë yíBoû 6 ô7, ôqóðùBüþ øp üà Aq yBgÀ|øB ko Wlôë yíBoû 8 AoADú âpkülûAuQ.

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Wlôë4. ìýBðãýò yBgÀ|øBÿ ìõok ìÇBèÏú ko uÇe ìdç|R GBÖQ Öpuõkû; ìBgn: üBÖPú|øBÿ OdÛýÜ.

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AkAìú Wlôë4. ìýBðãýò yBgÀ|øBÿ ìõok ìÇBèÏú ko uÇe ìdç|R GBÖQ Öpuõkû; ìBgn: üBÖPú|øBÿ OdÛýÜ.

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Wlôë 5. ôqó Gþ ìÛýBx ylû yBgÀ; ìBgn: üBÖPú|øBÿ OdÛýÜ.

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AøíýQ ô oOHú Gñlÿ yBgÀ|øB ko Þê GBÖQ Öpuõkûko Aüò ìpcéú GB AuP×Bkû Aq oô}@ðPpôKþ AøíýQ øpüàAq yBgÀ|øB oA Gp AuBx ðËp yùpôðlAó ô ìñBGÐ ÞPBGhBðúAÿ ko Þƒê GƒBÖQ Öpuõkû ìÛBüvú ylû AuQ (WlAôëyíBoû6, 7, 8)- :yBgÀ Þý×ýQ ìPõuÈ ÚýíQ qìýò AqðËp AøíýQ GB AìPýBq 990/0 ko oOHú uõï ÚpAo kAok, Þú ðzBókøñlû AgPç|Ù GBæ|ÿ ÚýíQ qìýò Gýò ìdç|R GBÖQÖpuõkû ìþ|GByl, ôAÚÐ yló GBqAo yùp ko ìdéú 4 GB Aoq}qìýò GBæ| ô ìdç|R (9, 8, 01, 32, 11, 21) Þú Aq Aoq}qìýòÞíPpÿ Gú ðvHQ uBüp ìdç|R ko uÇe yùp(ìdBuHBRKtøzãpAó Aq Þê yùp) kAoA ìþ|GByñl GBÎU ylû AüòyBgÀ AøíýQ GýzPpÿ kAyPú GByl. yBgÀ GÏlÿüÏñþ ìýBðãýò ko@ìl ko uÇe ìdç|R GBÖQ Öpuõkûìþ|GByl, AgPç|Ù ÞíPpÿ Gýò ko@ìl yùpôðlAó ôWõkkAok. ìBèßýQ g¿õ¾þ øí̀ñBó Þú ko Wlôë yíBoû 8ìzBølû ìþ|yõk Aq ÞíPpüò AøíýQ GpgõokAo Gõkû AuQ.

- :yBgÀ Þý×ýQ AìñýQ AWPíBÎþ Aq ðËp

AøíýQ oOHú kôï ÚpAo kAok Þú Aq ìzßç|R A¾éþ GBÖQÖpuõkû yùpìýBðlô@J ìdvõJ ìþ|yõk, øp ̂ñl @ìBokÚƒýƒÛƒþ ko kuƒQ ðƒývQ, ôèþ GB AÊùBoAR uBÞñBó ôìÇBèÏBR ìýlAðþ KrôøzãpAó üßþ Aq ìÏÃç|R AuBuþGƒBÖƒQ Öƒpuƒõkû yƒùƒp ìƒýƒBðƒlô@J KBüýò Gõkó AìñýQAWPíBÎþ AuQ, ôWõk ÖÃBøBÿ ìñBuI GpAÿ GrøßBoÿ ôøƒíƒ̀ƒñƒýƒò ðƒBìƒPñBWw Gõkó uBÞñýò ìdç|R GBÖQÖpuõkû Gú gBÆp ìõÚÏýQ Aüò ìdç|R Þú Gú ÎñõAó ìÛ¿lìùBWpüò oôuPBüþ Îíê ìþ| Þññl ô AoqAó Gõkó Gh{ìƒvßò ko uÇe Aüò ìdç|R ðvHQ Gú uBüp ìdç|Ryùpÿ GBÎU OípÞr ÆHÛú KBüýò ôAÖpAk GrøßBo yùp ko Aüòìdç|R ylû AuQ ô GBÎU KBüýò Gõkó AìñýQ AWPíBÎþko ìdç|R GBÖQ Öpuõkû Gõkû AuQ, Þý×ýQ ìzBoÞQAWPíBÎþ uBÞñBó GBÖQ Öpuõkû ôÂÏýQ ðvHPBC gõGþGpgõokAo AuQ.- :ko uñXú Þý×ýQ ôAcl ìvßõðþ ðPBüY ðzBóìƒþ|køƒl Gýò Aüò kô âpôû AgPç|Ù Þíþ ôWõk kAok,uBÞñBó ìdç|R GBÖQ Öpuõkû Aq ôÂÐ ìõWõk Þý×ýQôAcƒl ìƒvƒßƒõðþ ðvHQ Gú uBüp yBgÀ|øB ðBoAÂþ|Op

øvPñl Þú AèHPú ko uÇe ìdç|R ìP×BôR AuQ Þú ko GBæ|OƒõÂƒýƒe kAkû yƒl, ðƒËƒp Kƒtôøzãp ðvHQ Gú Þý×ýQôAcl|øBÿ GBÖQ ìvßõðþ Gú ðvHQ gõk uBÞñBó GùPpGõkû AuQ.- :yBgÀ kuPpuþ GúÖÃBÿ uHr Aq èdBÍ AøíýQ Aq ðËp yùpôðlAó ko oOHú AôëÚƒpAo kAok, ðƒBoÂƒBüƒPƒþ AÞTp uBÞñBó Îlï kuPpuþ GúÖÃBøBÿ GBq ô uHr Gõkû AuQ Þú ko GpðBìú|oürÿ|øB ô Æpf|øBGú @ó ÞíPp OõWú ìþ|yõk, øp ̂ñl ko Æpf|øBÿ yùpÿ@ôokû ìƒþ|yõk, AìB ko AWpAÿ Æpf ÞíPp Gú @ó OõWúìþ|yõk, ko ôAÚÐ Aôèýò gõAuPú uBÞñBó GBÖQ Öpuõkûyùp ìýBðlô@J kuPpuþ ìñBuI Gú ÖÃBøBÿ GBq ô uHrGõkû Þú GB Gpouþ upAðú ÖÃBÿ uHr ko uÇe ìdç|R ô ÞêGBÖQ Þú 56/0 ìPp ìpGÐ GpAÿ øp ð×p ìþ|GByl ô ko ìÛBüvú GBupAðú KýzñùBkÿ ôqAoR ìvßò ô yùpuBqÿ Þú 21 ìPpìƒpGÐ oA GpAÿ øp ð×p kAkû AuQ Aq ÞíHõk ̂zíãýpÿGpgõokAo AuQ ô øí̀ñýò ko uÇe OíBï ìdç|R Gú Wrìdéú 02 Þú upAðú ÖÃBÿ uHr @ó 2/9 ìPp ìpGÐ GpAÿ øp ð×pko uÇe ìdéú Gõkû AuQ, upAðú ÖÃBÿ uHr GÛýú ìdç|R¾ƒ×ƒp ìþ|GByl. ìýrAó oÂBüPíñlÿ uBÞñBó ðvHQ GúAìßBðBR oÖBøþ ðvHPB gõJ Gõkû AuQ. - (ìlouú,koìBðãBû, gpül ô Òýpû): GB AìPýBq 600/0 ko oOHú køî ÚpAokAok, ôWõk Ovùýç|R yùpÿ AqWíéú ìpAÞr @ìõqyþ,GƒùlAyPþ, OXBoÿ ko GBÖQ Öpuõkû yùp GBÎU ylû,uBÞñBó Aüò ìdç|R oÂBüQ ÞBìê ðvHQ Gú Aüò yBgÀkAyPú GByñl. yBgÀ ìýrAó GBuõAkÿ ðýr øí̀ñBó Þú koWƒlAôë @ôokû yƒlû AuƒQ, ko uƒÇƒe ìdç|R O×BôR^ñlAðþ ðlAok.- :Þý×ýQ ìÏBGp ô gýBGBó|øB AqðËp uBÞñBóko oOHú ̂ùBoï ÚpAo âpÖPú AuQ, ko ôAÚÐ üßþAq ìƒzƒßƒç|R AuƒBuƒþ GƒBÖQ Öpuõkû yùp ìýBðlô@JìdvõJ ìþ|yõk Þú Aq üà ÆpÙ ìÏBGp GBÖQ Öpuõkû GúÎéQ ÚlìQ OBoühþ Þú kAoðl ìñBuI ðýBqøBÿ AìpôqÿðHõkû AuQ ô Aq ÆpÙ küãp ðãp}ìvEõæ|ó yùpÿ ðvHQGƒú GùHõk Aüò ôÂÐ gõJ ðHõkû AuQ, uBÞñBó GBÖQÖpuõkû Aq ôÂÐ ìõWõk ðBoAÂþ Gõkû|Aðl. kuPpuþ Gú

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Þý×ýQ cíê ô ðÛê Îíõìþ|Gú gBÆp OípÞr ÖÏBèýQ|øB koìpÞr yùp GBÎU ylû Þú ôuBüê cíê ô ðÛê Îíõìþ|ðýr GúOHÐ @ó koAüò ðBcýú GýzPp Gõkû ô ko ðPýXú oÂBüQ ðvHþuBÞñBó oA Gp@ôokû Þpkû AuQ, ðßPú küãp Aüñßú ðvHQ GúkuPpuþ uõAoû Gú ôAcløBÿ uBÞñýò ðýr oÂBüQ Gh{Gõkû AuQ.- :yBgÀ Þý×ýQ kÖÐ ÖBÂç|J ô

@GùBÿ uÇdþ Aq ðËp uBÞñýò oÂBüQ Gh{ðHõkû ôAøíýQ GBæ|üþ GpgõokAo AuQ, Gú ÎéQ yýI KBüýò yùp,GBÎU oAÞl ìBðló @J ko Wõÿ|øB ylû, Gú g¿õÁ koOBGvPBó ypAüÈ Glÿ oA GõWõk ìþ| @ôok ô ko Ö¿ê|øBÿGBoðlâþ ðýr GBÎU @J âpÖPãþ ìÏBGp ô ôoôk @|J Gú ìvBÞòyùpÿ ìþ|yõk.

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3–oOHú Gñlÿ ðùBüþ ìdç|R@gpüò ìpcéú oOHú Gñlÿ ìdç|R GBÖQ Öpuõkû yùpìýBðlô@J GB AuP×Bkû Aq Oßñýà WASìþ|GByl Þú GB koðËp âpÖPò OíBï yBgÀ|øB ko uÇe ìdç|R, @ðùB oA oOHúGñlÿ Þpküî Þú ko ðùBüQ ìdéú 12 GB AìPýBq 081/0 ko oOHúAôë ÚpAo âpÖQ ô ìdéú 11 ko oOHú @gp üÏñþ 21 ko oOHú ÚpAoâpÖQ, uBüp ìdç|R ko Wlôë yíBoû (9) GýBó ylû AuQ.øí̀ñBó Þú ko ðÛzú yíBoû 3 ìzBølû ìþ|yõk, ìdç|RoA GpAuBx AìPýBq ðùBüþ ko ìdýÈ SIGko 5 ÆHÛú ÆHÛúGñlÿ Þpküî, uÇe Þý×ýQ qðlâþ GBÖQ Öpuõkû Gp AuBx

yBgÀ|øBÿ AðPhBGþ OÛpüHB¯ Gú ¾õoR üßñõAgQ Aq ÒpJGú ÆpÙ ypÝ Gõkû AuQ, Gú ÎHBoOþ Gh{ypÝ GBÖQðvHQ Gú ÒpJ GBÖQ ôÂÏýQ GùPpÿ kAok. GýzPpüò OÏlAkìdç|R ko ÆHÛú gýéþ ÂÏýØ GB OÏlAk 4 ìdéú ô ÞíPpüòOÏlAk ðýr ko ÆHÛú ÂÏýØ GB 1 ìdéú ÚpAo kAok, ko Þêìdç|R ko 2 ÆHÛú gýéþ ÂÏýØ ô gýéþ gõJ GýzPpüòÖpAôAðþ üÏñþ ðrküà 06 ko¾l Aq GBÖQ Öpuõkû oA yBìêìƒþ|yƒõk Þú ðzBó køñlû AgPç|Ù qüBk ìdç|R GBÖQÖƒpuõkû ko yBgÀ|øBÿ AðPhBGþ Þý×ýQ qðlâþ GõkûAuQ.

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Wlôë 9. oOHú Gñlÿ ðùBüþ ìdç|R; ìBgn: üBÖPú|øBÿ OdÛýÜ.

7054/03 6055/04 12035/011 10039/012 8051/08 9041/09 11037/010 4100/016 2171/019 3150/020 1180/021 5088/023

ðÛzú 3. oOHú Gñlÿ ìdç|R GBÖQ Öpuõkû yùp ìýBðlô@©J; ìBgn: ðãBoðlâBó.

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ðPýXú âýpÿ ô WíÏHñlÿAèãõøBÿ AoqüBGþ Aq ìdýÈ|øBÿ ußõðPþ (Gú ôütû ko ìõokoÂBüPíñlÿ) ìþ|OõAðl ko yñBuBüþ ôÂÐ ìõWõk, @âBøþAq ðÛBÉ ÚõR, ÞBuPþ|øB ô ðõAÚÀ AcPíBèþ GB ølÙ AoOÛBÿÞƒý×ýQ ìdýÈ|øBÿ ußõðPþ ìõSp ôAÚÐ âpkk. ko Aüòqìƒýƒñƒú üƒßþ Aq GùPpüò AèãõøBÿ AoqüBGþ, AuP×Bkû AqkülâBû|øBÿ uBÞñBó ko g¿õÁ ôÂÏýQ ìõWõk ìdêußõðPþ|yBó AuQ Þú ko ÚBèI Aèãõÿ uévéú ìpAOHþ ôìÛBüvú oÂBüPíñlÿ ô gõAuPú|øBÿ uBÞñýò Gú ¾õoRìvPÛýî ô Òýp ìvPÛýî ìþ|GByl. ko Aüò Ktôø{AGPlAÎíéßpk øpüà Aq yBgÀ|øB Gú Æõo WlAâBðú ko uÇeìdç|R ìõok AoqüBGþ ÚpAo âpÖQ, ko ìpcéú GÏl GB AuP×BkûAq oô}@ðPpôKþ AøíýQ øpüà Aq yBgÀ|øB ko Þê GBÖQÖpuõkû ìõok AoqüBGþ ÚpAo âpÖQ ô Gp AuBx yBgÀ|øBÿmøñþ (ðËp yùpôðlAó) ô Îýñþ (AÆç|ÎBR ÞPBGhBðú Aÿ)øp üà Aq yBgÀ|øB ko uÇe Þê ìdç|R oOHú Gñlÿylðl. ko KBüBó GB AuP×Bkû Aq Oßñýà WASìdç|R GpAuBx yBgÀ|øBÿ Îýñþ ô møñþ oOHú Gñlÿ ylðl.ðPBüY GluQ @ìlû ðzBó ìþ|køl Þú uÇe Þý×þ ìdç|Rko Gpgþ yBgÀ|øB Aq Wíéú ko¾l GBuõAkÿ, ìBèßýQgƒ¿ƒõ¾ƒþ, kuƒPƒpuƒþ Gƒú gƒlìƒBR yƒùpÿ ô oôAGÈøívBüãþ Aq ypAüÈ üßvBðþ GpgõokAo Gõkðl, ôèþ koyBgÀ|øBÿ GÏlÿ Aq Wíéú kuPpuþ Gú ÖÃBÿ uHr,AìñýQ AWPíBÎþ, Þý×ýQ ìÏBGp ô gýBGBó|øB AgPç|Ù qüBkÿkAyPñl Þú GÏÃþ Aq Aüò AgPç|Ù|øB Gú ypAüÈ AðvXBïAWPíBÎþ, Öpøñãþ ô AÚP¿Bkÿ ìdç|R Gp ìþ| âpkk ôøí̀ñýò uÇe AðPËBo Þú uBÞñBó ìdç|R Aq AìßBðBRyƒùƒpÿ kAoðƒl. ko ìƒpcéƒú GƒÏƒl Þú Þý×ýQ øp üà AqyBgÀ|øB Gp AuBx KBui uBÞñBó uñXýlû yl, yBgÀÖÃBÿ uHr GB AìPýBq 774/0 ô AgPç|Ù ̂zíãýpÿ ðvHQGú GÛýú yBgÀ|øB Aq AøíýQ GBæ|üþ GpgõokAo Gõk Þú ÚpAoâƒpÖƒPƒò yƒùp ìýBðlô@J Gýò uú oôkgBðú qoüñú oôk,uýíýñú oôk ô èýç|ó ̂Bÿ ô qìýò|øBÿ ìñBuI GpAÿ AüXBkÖÃBÿ uHr ÚBGê OBCìê AuQ ô GýzPpüò ÞíHõk Aq uBÞñBóGBÖQ Öpuõkû Îlï kuPpuþ Gú ÖÃBÿ uHr Gõkû AuQ. koÞê ìýBðãýò øpüà Aq yBgÀ|øBÿ Þéþ ìdBuHú ylûAuQ Þú ÎBìê glìBR ô Ovùýç|R yùpÿ GB AìPýBq 831/0

ko oOHú Aôë ÚpAo âpÖQ. ÎBìê kôï GùlAyQ ìdýÇþ Þú GBAìPýBq 46/0 ko oOHú kôï ÚpAo kAok, ko yùp ìýBðlô@J Gúg¿õÁ GBÖQ Öpuõkû Îlï ìßBðýrû Gõkó WíÐ @ôoÿqGƒBèƒú|øƒBÿ yƒùpÿ ô øí̀ñýò kÖÐ ÖBÂç|J ô @GùBÿuÇdþ Gú gBÆp ìzßç|R ÆHýÏþ ô ìlüpüPþ Aq ypAüÈgõGþ GpgõokAo ðývQ. yBgÀ AÚP¿Bkÿ GB ìýBðãýòAìPýBq 730/0 ko oOHú GÏlÿ ÚpAo kAok, ÎBìê ̂ùBoï uñXúÞBèHlÿ GB AìPýBq520/0 ìþ|GByl, ÎBìê|øBÿ AWPíBÎþ ôcíê ô ðÛê Gú OpOýI GB AìPýBqøBÿ 410/0 ô 310/0 kooOHú|øBÿ GÏlÿ ÚpAo kAoðl. Gp AuBx ðPBüY GluQ @ìlû AqOßñýà WASìdç|R 12, 91 ô 02 Aq ðËp yBgÀ|øBÿ ìõokìÇBèÏú ko GùPpüò ypAüÈ ô ìdç|R 11, 01 ô 21 ko GlOpüòypAüÈ ô KBüýò|Opüò oOHú ÚpAo kAoðl, ðPBüY ðzBó ìþ|kølÎéþ oÒî KBüýò Gõkó AìñýQ AWPíBÎþ ko uÇe ìdç|RGBÖQ Öpuõkû yBgÀ|øBÿ küãp uñXú AWPíBÎþ oÂBüQGh{Gõkû AuQ. üßþ Aq AølAÙ ìùî yùpuBqÿ ðõüòGBæ| Gpkó ìzBoÞQ ô OÏBìê AWPíBÎþ ko ìÛýBx ìdéú Aÿìþ|GByl, GBÖQ Öpuõkû yùp ìýBðlô@J Îéþ oÒî ôWõkìzßç|Oþ kAyPú AuQ, yBgÀ|øBÿ AWPíBÎþ Aq ðËpuBÞñýò oÂBüQ Gh{Gõkû AuQ, GB OõWú GýzPp Gú GBÖQÖƒpuõkû ô kAkó Ovùýç|R æ|qï ìþ|OõAó uÇe Þý×þqðlâþ oA ko@ó AÖrAü{kAk, ko ôAÚÐ kAðvPò Aüñßú ÞlAïyBgÀ|øB ko Þý×ýQ qðlâþ OBCSýpânAo AuQ ô øí̀ñýòGƒýzPpüò AcvBx ðýBq ko uÇe ìdç|R Aq ðËp gõkyùpôðlAó ÞlAï yBgÀ|øB ìþ|GByl ô uÇe ìõok AðPËBoìpkï ko ̂ú clÿ ìþ|GByl, GpAÿ OõuÏú Þý×þ ô ÞíþAìßBðBR ô Ovùýç|R ìdç|R AøíýQ qüBkÿ kAok.

ko KƒBüƒBó ðýr KýzñùBkAOþ kAkû ìþ|yõk Þú ko GpðBìúoürÿ|øBÿ @Oþ GpAÿ GBÖQ Öpuõkû yùp ìýBðlô@J GBül koðËp âpÖPú yõk: 1. ìƒÏBGpGú èdBÍ Þý×ýQ ô Gú g¿õÁ ÞØ uBqÿ koôÂƒÏƒýƒQ ìƒñƒBuƒHƒþ ðývPñl, ø̀ñýò ko kAgê GBÖQÖpuõkû ÎpÅ ìÏBGp ko GÏÃþ ìdç|R gýéþ Þî AuQ Þúko ypAüÈ GdpAðþ ìBðñl @O{uõqÿ ô uýê Þíà ouBðþGú Aüò ìdç|R gýéþ uhQ ìýzõk GpAÿ ÎpüÄ ÞpkóAüò ìÏBGp yùpkAoÿ ô uBqìBó|øBÿ ìpGõÆú GBül Ovùýç|Ræ|qï oA ÖpAøî uBqðl.

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2. ÖzpkûGõkó GBÖQ yùp ko ìdlôk GBÖQ Öpuõkû,uƒBgƒPƒBo yƒÇƒpðXþ Òýp ìñËî Gp yHßú ìÏBGp A¾éþ,AuPdßBï KBüýò uBgPíBó|øBÿ ìõWõk ko Aüò ÚvíQ ôð×õm Knüpÿ KBüýò ko Aüò ìdç|R Aq ôütâþ|øBÿ ìùî GBÖQÖpuõkû ìþ|GByl Þú GB GpðBìú|oürÿ GpAÿ GBÖQ Öpuõkûyùp GBül Gú Aüò ðßBR OõWú yõk.3. Ovùýç|R ô glìBR yùpÿ ko GBÖQ Öpuõkû Îéþ|oÒîOípÞr GÏÃþ Ovùýç|R yùpÿ GB ÞíHõk ìõAWú AuQ,upAðú ÞBoGpÿ|øBÿ @ìõqyþ, OXBoÿ, GùlAyPþ ô Òýpû AqyƒpAüƒÈ GƒùƒPƒpÿ GpgõokAo øvPñl, ko ìÛBGê upAðú ôkuPpuþ Gú ÖÃBÿ uHr ô ÖÃBøBÿ GBq ô ôoqyþ ko ypAüÈgõGþ ÚpAo ðlAok, GBül ÞíHõk AìßBðBR koìdç|R GBÖQÖpuõkû OõWú qüBkÿ yõk.4. yBgÀ|øBÿ uñXú AWPíBÎþ Gú WrF AìñýQ AWPíBÎþAq ôÂÏýQ gõGþ GpgõokAo øvPñl Þú ko GpðBìú oürÿ|øBÿ@Oþ GB AüXBk ìpAÞr Öpøñãþ ô @ìõqyþ ô øí̀ñýò ÞBø{ÖƒÃƒBøƒBÿ Wpï gýr ko GBÖQ Öpuõkû yùp ìýBðlô@Jìþ|OõAó ypAüÈ AìñýQ AWPíBÎþ oA GùHõk Ghzýl.

ìñBGÐ ô ìBgn1. A¾ƒÓƒpKƒõo, ìƒdƒílWõAk (7831) O¿íýî| âýpÿ ̂ñlìÏýBoû, AðPzBoAR kAðzãBû OùpAó, ̂BN yzî.2. KBKéþürkÿ, ìdílcvýò, oWHþ uñBWpkÿ, cvýò(2831) ðƒËpüú|øBÿ yùp ô KýpAìõó, AðPzBoAR uíQ,^BN Aôë, OùpAó.3. WƒƒBðƒƒHƒƒBGƒƒBðƒtAk, ìƒdƒíƒlcƒvƒýƒò (7831) GƒpouƒþyBgÀ|øBÿ yùp uBèî ko GBGê ô AoADú GpðBìú oürÿ GpAÿGùHõk @ó, KBüBó ðBìú ÞBoyñBuþ Aoyl ko oyPú GpðBìú oürÿyùpÿ, kAðzßlû WÓpAÖýB, kAðzãBû OùpAó.4. oøñíBüþ, ìdílOÛþ ô KpôAðú yBû|cvýñþ (5831)ÖpAüñl GpðBìú|oürÿ yùpÿ AüpAó, AðPzBoAR uíQ, KBNuõï.5. upôo, ocýî (3831) AuP×Bkû Aq oô}Aÿ.Ab.Kþ koìßBó üBGþ WÓpAÖýBüþ ìÇBèÏú ìõokÿ: ìßBó üBGþ WùQOƒõuƒÏƒú @Oƒþ yƒùƒp ìƒýƒBðƒlô@J, ìƒXéƒú Ktôø{|øBÿWÓpAÖýBüþ, yíBoû 94.6. ÖpWþìç|Dþ, Aìýò (9831) Odéýéþ Gp ì×ùõï Þý×ýQ

qðƒlâƒþ yƒùƒpÿ, kôìƒýƒò øƒíƒBüƒ{Îéƒíƒþ upAupÿkAðzXõüþ WÓpAÖýB, kAðzßlû WÓpAÖýB, kAðzãBû OùpAó.7. ìƒùƒlüƒrAkû, WƒõAk ô küƒãƒpAó (2831) GpðBìú oürÿoAøHpkÿ OõuÏú yùpÿ (OXpGýBR Agýp WùBðþ ô WBüãBû@ó ko AüpAó), ìpÞr ìÇBèÏBR ô OdÛýÛBR yùpuBqÿ ôìÏíBoÿ AüpAó, OùpAó, ̂BN kôï (KBüýr)8. ìƒùƒñƒluýòìzBôo ìÏíBoÿ ô yùpuBqÿ @oìBðzùp(6831) ìÇBèÏBR ô Æpf oAøHpkÿ GBÖQ|øBÿ ÖpuõkûìýBðlô@J.9. ìùñluýòìzBôo ìÏíBoÿ ô yùpuBqÿ Æpf ô ÞBô}(1831) Æpf O×Ãýéþ yùp ìýBðlô@J.01. ðƒÛƒlÿ, AulAèéú ô ¾BkÚþ, ouõë (5831) cByýúðzýñþ ̂Bèzþ ÖpA oôÿ OõuÏú KBülAoÿ yùpÿ (GB OBÞýlGƒp yƒùƒp øƒíƒlAó), Öƒ¿éƒñƒBìƒú Îéƒíƒþ Ktôøzþ oÖBûAWPíBÎþ, uBë KñXî, yíBoû 02, ¾À 312-332.

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11. Bond. John and Corner, Lynne, 2004,Quality of life and Older People, London,Open University Press.12. De Groot, J., Steg, L., 2006, Impact oftransport pricing on quality of life, acceptabili-ty, and intentions to Reduce Car Use: AnExploratory Study in Five European Countries,Journal of Transport Geography 142006463–470, 0966-6923/$ - See front matter ©2006 Elsevier Ltd. All Rights Reserved.13. E.L. Spinney, J., M. Scott, D., Newbold,K.B., 2009, Transport MobilityBenefits andQuality of Life: A Time-Use Perspective ofElderly Canadians, Transport Policy 16,2009,1–11, 0967-070X/$-See Front Matter & 2009ElsevierLtd.Allright Sreserved.14. Eiser.Christine,2004, CHILDREN WITHCANCER The Quality of Life, London,University of Sheffield, LAWRENCE ERL-BAUM ASSOCIATES, PUBLISHERS.15. George, L. K. and Bearon, L. B. (1980)Quality of Life in Older Persons. Meaning andMeasurement. New York: Human SciencesPress.16. Godefroid, s., 2001, Temporal Analysis ofthe Brussels Ora as Indicator for ChangingEnvironmental Quality, Landscape and UrbanPlanning 52 2001 203±224, 0169-2046/01/$20.00 # 2001 Elsevier Science B.V.All rights reserved.17. Habib, R.R., Mahfoud, Z., Fawaz, M.,

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Basma, S.H., Yeretzian, J.S., (2009), HousingQuality and Ill Health in a DisadvantagedUrban Community, Public Health 123 ,2009,174–181, 0033-3506/$ – see front matter _2008 The Royal Society for Public Health.Published by Elsevier Ltd. All18. Harpham, Trudy & et al,2001, Healthy CityProjects in Developing Countries: The FirstEvaluation, South Bank Univercity, London,SW8,2JZ, UK..19. H.Massam, b., 2002, Quality Of Life: pub-lic planning and Private Living, Progress inPlanning, 58(2002) 141-227, 0305-9006/02/$-See Front matter © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd,All Right Reserved.20. J. Mason, M., W. Valente, T., Coatsworth,J.D., Mennis, J., Lawrence, F.,Zelenak,P.,(2010), Place Based Social NetworkQuality and Correlates of Substance UseAmong Urban Adolescents, Journal ofAdolescence 33 ,2010 ,419–427, 0140-1971/$– See front Matter _ 2009 The Association forProfessionals in Services for Adolescents.Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.21. Meyre, Dowell,1987, COMMUNITY-RELEVANT MEASUREMENT OF QUALI-TY OF LIFE A Focus on Local Trends,University of Texas at Austin, URBANAFFAlRS QUARTERLY, Vol. 23 No. I,September 1987 108-125 Copyright 1987 SagePublications, Inc.22. M.J. Geelen, L., A.J. Huijbregts, M., DenHollander, H., M.J. Ragas, A., Van Jaarsveld,H.A., De Zwart, D., 2009, ConfrontingEnvironmental Pressure, EnvironmentalQuality and Human Health Impact Indicatorsof Priority Air Emissions, AtmosphericEnvironment 43 (2009) 1613–1621, 1352-2310/$ – See Front matter _ 2008 Elsevier Ltd.All Rights Reserved.23. Ng, S.H., Kam, P.K., W.M. Pong, R., 2005,People Living in Ageing Buildings: TheirQuality of Life and Sense of Belonging,Journal of Environmental Psychology 25,2005, 347–360, 0272-4944/$ - see FrontMatter r 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All RightsReserved.24. Pacione, M., ,2003a, Introduction on urbanEnvironmental Quality and Human Wellbeing,Landscape and Urban Planning 65 ,2003, 1–3,0169-2046/02/$20.00 © 2002 Elsevier ScienceB.V. All rights Reserved.25. Pacione, M., 2003b, Urban Environmental

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