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REDAKTOR NACZELNY (CHIEF EDITOR)Sylwia Bujalska

OPRACOWANIE GRAFICZNE / SKŁADPaweł Wójcike-mail: pawel_czasnagaz@interia.pl

TŁUMACZENIAAleksander Skoblenko

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LPG car fuel in Switzerland a growing market .....................................................................................5

CNG market info ............................................................................................................................................6

Propane-powered Maxximus LNG 2000 ................................................................................................8

Informacje z rynku LPG ................................................................................................................................9

GasShow 2012 REPORT ..............................................................................................................................10

The favorable outlook for the CNG vehicles market encourages the suppliers

of process control equipment .................................................................................................................14

Global and European Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Market ...................................................18

Almost two Euro for a litre of super: The natural gas and LPG boom of Italy .........................22

Polski rynek LPG w 2011 roku ....................................................................................................................24

Применение газа и его электрическое будущее ......................................................................26

Uncertain supply outlook prevents Brazilian LNG terminal decisions ........................................28

ŠKODA Citigo także z LPG ........................................................................................................................30

LPG for boats: From Lübeck, Germany, Świnoujście, Poland, on gas........................................32

Transport’s impact on US gas market to remain muted ................................................................36

Fuels prices / Ceny paliw ..........................................................................................................................39

www.timeforgas.com www.czasnagaz.com.pl no52 V-VI 2012

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List of coming gas-expos:

• XIX International Fair "Petrol Station 2012", 23-25.05, Warsaw, Poland;

• AEGPL Congress 2012 (Congress & Exhibition), 6-7.06, Brussels, Belgium;

• 3rd NGVA Europe International Show&Work-shops NGV2012 Bologna, 19-21.06, Bologna, Italy;

• 25th World LP Gas Forum, 11-13.09, Bali, Indonesia; www.wlpgas2012.com

more info on www.timeforgas.com

• Established in July 2003• 100% independent (financed in 100% from adverts)• Edited in English, Polish and Russian• Bi-monthly editions• Free distribution of hard copy in 49 world countries! • Distributed while the biggest LPG, CNG and LNG events worldwide• Cooperator of WLPGA & NGVA Europe• Media Partner of international LPG and CNG expos and conferences• Free for readers• Free PDF version to be downloaded from the website Current list of LPG/CNG/LNG events available on www.timeforgas.com

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A growing market

Index of companies mentioned in current issue:AC S.A., Centaur Performance Group, Chart Ferox, Clean Air Power, Clean Energy Fuels, Dong-feng Peugeot-Citroën Automobile, Evergreen CNG Systems, ERC, ExxonMobil, Femitec, Flashlube, Ford, Gas and Air Systems Inc., Gazprom, GE Energy, Gfi, GNVert, GTT, Iveco, Landi-Renzo, LPGTech, Mizu, Menecon Consulting, Omnitek, Opel, Petrobras, Prins, Progas, Scania, Shell, Si¬bur, Škoda, SyEnergy, Syscom 18, Temasek, Vialle, Vitogaz Switzerland AG

Currently the expansion is proceeding with rapid strides, and more than ten further stations are to quickly complete the already quite dense network of LPG stations. After the expansion of the transit routes, especially the stations at high-ways and long-distance routes should also guar-antee supply across the entire country.

In order to make the environmentally-friendly alternative fuel more appealing to the future LPG-powered vehicle owners in Switzerland, Vitogaz Switzerland AG supports all conversions to LPG with ten vouchers having a redeeming value of 500 Swiss franc. These bonuses were up to now well received, and make it easier for Swiss drivers to reach the decision to switch to LPG.

More and more cold-calculating drivers are doing this, and it is well known that there are more than enough of such drivers in Switzerland. One litre of petrol costs currently in Berne two Swiss Francs, a litre of LPG only 99 rappen. Other market conditions also speak for themselves: As was announced by the Swiss Federal Statistical Office, the BFS, there are currently 4,3 million ap-proved vehicles in Switzerland, of which more than 80% run on petrol. Diesel fuel plays a rather subordinate role in Switzerland. The Swiss prefer to buy high-power vehicles, and there is a clear tendency to purchase heavy SUVs powered by petrol engines, which, however, consume ap-propriately large amounts of petrol, but on the other hand are best suited for conversions to LPG. Apart from this, the average Swiss driver travels in excess of 10.000 kilometres abroad,

and in case they should use LPG they can rely on a well-developed infrastructure, meaning – a dense network of LPG stations – in the countries they travel to most often, meaning Italy, Germa-ny and France.

And while the expansion of the network of LPG stations is progressing quite quickly in Switzerland, missing are still conversion specialists with a good offer of engine conversions to LPG, so that many of the Swiss who want to save are left with noth-ing but the need to search for a professional con-version workshop abroad. Also private imports of LPG vehicles to Switzerland have increased visibly, because the vehicle manufacturers have most clearly not noticed this trend, offering on their part only limited and individual LPG solu-tions.

Those who would like to gain further infor-mation on the market conditions in Switzer-land will discover all they need on the website www.autogas24.ch, ran by Vitogaz Switzerland. The experts from Vitogaz will be keen to pro-vide advice to potential conversion specialists in Switzerland on the legal conditions as well as market opportunities in the individual regions. The specialists, of which there are still quite few, already feel something of a gold rush in terms of LPG, however cannot respond to the queries for conversions because of the high petrol prices. The known proverb says after all: „Life will punish those who come late.“ This definitely also applies to the expansion of the network of LPG conver-sion specialists in Switzerland.

Wolfgang Kröger

LPG and Switzerland are getting ever closer just as they should be. Swit-zerland used to be one of those few European countries where LPG

is not so widely known yet. However, if all goes according to the vision of the leading Swiss liquefied gas supplier, Vitogaz Switzerland AG, this shall change soon, because Vitogaz is looking to expand the Swiss LPG station network nationwide, and only recently reported opening of the 50th LPG station in Switzerland.

LPG car fuel in Switzerland

LPG stations in Switzerland, like the one here at the Viamala rest area, are often built in wonderful scenic surroundings.

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No decision has been made for a fourth LNG regasification terminal in Brazil, because of the difficulty of gauging domestic supply and de-mand, a Petrobras executive told.

“A fourth LNG terminal is under review, but it’s still too early to define a date and specifications. There’s no specific supply project linked to a spe-cific demand project in Brazil’s gas market. Gas from certain fields is not earmarked for certain areas of demand. New gas supply projects are implemented in line with overall demand.” – said Antonio Eduardo Monteiro de Castro, Petrobras’ executive manager of gas marketing.

LNG imports will constitute up to 30% of Brazil’s total supply by 2014, said Aziz Bamik, business development director at French marine engi-neering company GTT. “Brazil currently receives around 20% (21 million cubic metres per day [MMcm/d]) of its supply via LNG, but demand from gas-to-power plants, fertilisers and other industry will see that double to 42 MMcm/d by 2014, or 30% of total supply.”

The expansion of the 14 MMcm/d Guanabara terminal to 20 MMcm/d by 2014, as well as the construction of the 14 MMcm/d Bahia terminal, will drive this increase, Bamik said. Brazil received 12 LNG cargoes in 2011, down from 40 in 2010, because LNG charter rates increased from $20,000/day in 2009 to over $130,000/day in 2012.

However, huge demand growth may not become a reality, warned Monteiro de Cas-tro. “Much [of Brazil’s overall consumption] also depends on the evolution of gas-to-power de-mand. Our levels of production are also uncer-tain, because new discoveries may change these figures. New LNG terminals may be recon-sidered in 2020.”

Marcelo Prado, a Latin America marketing director from GE Energy, agreed forecasting in Brazil was difficult, with gas-to-power projects likely to meet periods of high power domestic de-mand, rather than baseload generation. “Gas will account for 26% of power projects during the next 10 years, with 45% of this new capacity to be added in Latin America. In Brazil, hydropower will remain the dominant source of generation, with gas being used for peakload generation.”

“We haven’t yet seen the effect of wind pow-er on Brazil’s system,” said Monteiro de Castro, referring to the so-called ‘A-3’ auction of August 2011, which addressed likely power demand in the country in 2014. The auctions are now touted as a competition between wind and gas proj-ects, with much of the focus on how far Brazil’s wind industry can lower generation costs and diversify the country’s hydro-dominated system.

Brazil’s total installed gas-fired power plant capacity is 10.6 gigawatts from 85 power plants. Gas only constitutes a small portion of Brazil’s to-tal energy consumption. Thee country relies on imports, primarily via pipeline from Bolivia. Petro-bras said last year it could not guarantee supplies for the country’s gas-fired plants, and gas was consequently excluded from the so-called ‘A-5’ power tender held in December 2011.

“The problem [with these statistics] is in the short-term, Brazil’s gas supplies cannot be guar-anteed,” Prado said, referring to the uncertainty of associated gas production from Brazil’s two pre-salt basins.

Claudio Steuer, a consultant at SyEnergy, said that marine CNG could be used to complement offshore production, rather than flaring the gas. “You could have shuttles of marine CNG from fields that don’t warrant pipelines or floating LNG technology. It’s one way of increasing production,

while decreasing costs. Right now, power gen-erators are paying up to $20 per million Btu for liquids, so there’s definitely a market for marine CNG, which is dedicated to a buyer’s needs. They could even be used to supply Argentina, which lies around 2,000 km from the pre-salt ba-sins, and is currently relying on expensive LNG im-ports.” - Steur added.

Despite its own supply uncertainty, Marcio De-mori, the Petrobras LNG trading manager, said there was an opportunity for Brazil to become the hub of Latin America’s gas market. “There’s a lack of pipeline interconnection, coopera-tion and coordination between Latin American countries, with an issue of linking up its main re-sources – Bolivia, Peru and Venezuela – with its main markets – Argentina, Brazil and Chile. We [Brazil] could be the link between South America, the Caribbean and Central America. Through the pipeline to Bolivia, we are also connected to Argentina and Uruguay. Argentine LNG supplies also pass right by our coast, and they, along with Chile, have variable demand. You can reach Ar-gentina in less than five days from Guanabara.

The expansion of regasification terminals in the Caribbean, such as Aruba and the Dominican Republic, means that Brazil can complement this region according to demand fluctuations

"However, there are complications. The Bahia Blanca terminal cannot receive LNG from Nige-ria and Peru, due to restrictions on the gas’ com-position. At Puerto Escobar [in Argentina], they can receive supplies from Nigeria, but not from Peru.” said Demori.

Brazil has received 57 LNG cargoes imported since 2008, from very diverse sources, such as Trin-idad, Qatar, and Nigeria. It obtained a re-export licence for cargoes and Petrobras re-exported its first cargo from Brazil to Argentina, which high-lights these opportunities.

In Rio took place Gas Forum, where speakers from the most important gas companies were discussing on situa-tion of LNG market in Brazil. Speakers at the conference agreed commercialising Brazilian gas was challenging, and one consultant suggested gas from Brazil’s pre-salt deposits could be delivered to shore using marine CNG.

czas na gaz 2012 no.5228

source: Chris Noon, Interfax Ltd.

(interfaxenergy.com)

Uncertain supply outlook prevents Brazilian LNG terminal decisions

R Y N E K L N G / L N G M A R K E T