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OF THE FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA

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Proclamation No. 210/2000Ethiopian Human Rights C@mmission EstablishmentProclamation Page 1356

PROCLAMATIQN NO. 210/2000

A PROCLAMA TIOij TO PROVIDE FORTHE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE.HUMAN RIGHT~ COMMISSION,

I

'WHEREAS, the goal to jointly build one politicalcommunity founded on the n)lle of law, as one ~f thebasic objectives of the nations~nationalities and p~oplesof Ethiopia, is to be achieved by guaranteeing resp~ct forthe fundamental rights and freedoms of the indi~idual

; and of nations/nationalities an peoples;!

WHEREAS, the immen e sacrifices paid ~y thepeople of Ethiopia, in the protr cted struggle they waged

I with a view to bringing about democratic order 4nd to

! enhancing their socio-econo.c development, ca~lsfor

i paving the way for the unfett~red protection of hpmanI rights;

;

WHEREAS, the Constitution of the Federal De-mocratic Republic of Ethiopia guarantees respect forpeoples' rights and freedoms and provides that Federaland Regional government organs, at all levels, and theirrespective officials shall have the responsibility andduty to respect and enforce said rights and freedoms;

WHEREAS, it is found necessary to establish aHuman Rights Commission, as one of the organs thatplaya major role in enforcing such rights and freedoms,and to determine its powers and functions, by law, inconformity with the provisions of the Constitution;

NOW, THEREFORE, in accordance with sub-Ar-ticls (1) and (14) of Article 55 ofthe Constitution, oftheFederal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, it is herebyproclaimed as follws:

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\ Federal Negarit Gazeta - No. 40 4thJuly, 2000-Page 1357

PART ONE

General Provisions

1. Short TitleThis Proclamation may be cited as the "EthiopianHuman Rights Commission Establishment ProclamationNo. 21012000."

2. DefinitionsUnless the context requires otherwise, in thisProclamation:

1) "Appointee" means the Chief Commissioner forHuman Rights, the Deputy Chief Commissioner orCommissioner heading the children and womenaffairs, and commissioners at the level of branchoffices, appointed by the House, in accordance withthis Proclamation;

2) "Staff' inclu~es department heads, professionalsaqd other support staff of the Commission;

3) "Family Member" means a person of relation byconsanguinity or affinity, in accordance with theCivil Code of Ethiopia;

4) "House" means the House of Peoples' Represen-tatives of the Federal Democratic Republic ofEthiopia;

5) "Human Right" includes fundamental rights andfreedoms recognized under the Constitution of theFederal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia and thoseenshrined in the international agreement ratified bythe country;

6) "Person" means any natural or juridical person;7) "Region" means any of those speicified under

Article 47 (1) of the Constitution of the FederalDemocratic Republic of Ethiopia and, for thepurposes of this Proclamation,includes the AddisAbaba City Administration and the Dire DawaAdministration;

8) "Government" means the Federal, or a RegionalGovernment;

9) "Third Party" means a deputy, an association or anon-govrenmental organization representing anindividual or a group;

10) ','Investigator" means a staff assigned, by the<ChiefCommissioner, to conduct investigation.

3. EstabliAhment1) The Human Rights Commission of Ethiopia

(~ereinafter referred to as "the Commission") ish~reby established as an autonomous organ of theF~deral Government having its own juridical per-sqnality.

2) The Commission shall be accountable to theHouse.

Scope:1) This Proclamation shall also apply to violation of

human rights committed in any Region.2) Provisions of this Proclamation set out in the

masculine gender shall also apply to the femininegender.

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5: Objective .

The objective of the Commissipn shall be to educate thepublic be aware of human rights see to it that humanrights are protected, respected and fully enforced as well

as to have the necessary measure taken where they arefound to have been violated.

6. Powers and DutiesThe Commission shall have the powers and duties to:

1) ensure that the human rights and freedomsprovided for under the Constitution of the FederalDemocratic Republic of Ethiopia are respected byall citizens, organs of state, political organizationsand other associations as well as by their respectiveofficials;

2) ensure that laws, regulations and directives as wellas government decisions and orders do not con-travene the human rights of citizens guaranteed bythe Constitution;

3) educate the public, using the mass media and othermeans, with a view to ~nhancing its tradition ofrespect for, and demand for enorcement of, rightsupon acquiring sufficient awareness regardinghuman rights;

4) undertake investigation, juponcomplaint or its owninitiation, in respect of human rights violations;

I5) make recommendations for the revision of existing

laws, enactment of new laws and formulation ofpolicies.

6) provide consultancy services on matters of humanrights;

7) forward its opinion on human rights reports to besubmitted to international organs;

8) translate into local vernaculars, internationalhuman rights instruments adopted by Ethiopia anddisperse same;

9) participate in international human rights meeting,conferences or symposia;

10) own property, enter into contracts, sue and be suedin its own name;

11) perform such other activities as may be necessaryto attain its objective.

7. Limitation of PowerThe Commission shall have full powers to receive andinvestigate all complaints on human rights violationsmade against any person, save cases brought before theHouse, the House of the Federation, Regional Council orbefore the courts oflaw, at any level.

8. Organization of the CommissionThe Commission shall have:

1) a Council of Commissioners;2) (a) a Chief Commissioner;

(b) a Deputy ChiefCommissioper;(c) a Commissioner heading ~e Crildren and

Women affairs,(d) Others Commissioners and,(e) the necessary staff.

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9. Head OfficeThe Commission shall have its Head Office in AddisAbaba and it may have branch offices at any place as maybe detehnined by the House.

10. Appointment1) The Chief Commiossioner, the Deputy Chief Com-

missioner and other Commissioners shall be ap-pointed by the House.

2) The appointment of the Chief Commissioner, theDeputy Chief Commissioner and of other Commis-sioners shall be made as under the followingselection procedure:(a) the appointees shall be recruited by a

Nomination Committee to be formed pur-suant to Article 11 hereunder;

(b) the nominees shall have to receive thesupport of a two-thirds vote of the membersof the Committee;

(c) the list of nominees shall be presented to theHouse, by the Speaker, for it to vote upon;

(d) the nominees shall be appointed upon receiptof the support of a two-thirds vote of theHouse.

11. Composition of the Nomination CommitteeThe Nomination Committee shall have the followingmembers:1) the Speaker of the House Chairperson2) the Speaker of the House of the

Federation Member(s)3) seven members to be elected from Members

among members of the Housethe Federation ....................................

4) two members of the House to be electedby joint agreement of oppositionparties having seats in the House ......

5) The President of the Federal SupremeCourt ........................................

6) a representative of the EthiopianOrthodox Church.. .............................

7) a representative of the EthiopianIslamic Council..................................

8) a representative of the EthiopianEvangelical Church ...........................

9) a representative of the EthiopianCatholic Church .............................

12. Cri~eriafor AppointmentAny person who:1) is loyal to the Constitution of the Federal De-

mocratic Republic of Ethiopia;2) upholds respect for human rights;3) is trained in law or other relevant discipline or has

acquired extensive knowledge through experience;4) is reputed for his diligence, honesty and good

conduct;5) has not been convicted for a criminal offence;6) is an Ethiopian national;7) is of enough good health to assume the post;8) is above thirty-five years of agemay be an appointee.

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13. Accountability1) The Chief Commissioner shall be accountable to

the House.2) The Deputy Chief Conpnissioner and other C

E' om-

missioners shall be acc(Jmntableto the Chief om-missioner. I I

Tenn of the OfficeI

1) The term of office of ~n appointee shall b~ fiveyears. . iI I

2) Upon expiry of the tenp of office specified underSub-Article(1) of this Afticle, the appointee may bere-appointed.

1

i

3) a person discharged froin responsiblity or removedfrom office, as under A~icle 15, shall not, unl~ss re-appointed, assume a pdst in legislative, exeJutiveand judicial organs for ~bout six months thereafter.

15. Grounds for Removal of an Appointee1) An appointee may bel removed from office or

d~scharged from respodsibility upon the foll1wingCIrcumstances: I '

(a) upon resignation! subject to a three-monthprior written notice; I

(b) where it is ascerupned that he is incapable ofproperly dischar~ing his duties, due ~o ill-ness;' :

(c) where he is foun~ to have committed an actof human rights ~iolation;

(d) where he is foumt to be corrupt or to havecommitted other pnlawful act;

(e), where it is asceftilined that he is of manifestincompetence; .

(t) upon termination of his term of office.2) Within six months of th~removal or discharge of an

I

appointee, as under Sub-Article (1) of this Article,another appointee shall ibe made to replace him.

16. Procedure for Removal of ah Appointee1) An appointee shall be removed from office, upon

the grounds specified under Article 15 (1) (b-e)hereof, subsequent to investigation of the matter bya Special Inquiry Tribunal to be formed pursuant toArticle 17~

2) an appointee shall be removed from office, wherethe House finds that the recommendation submittedto it, as supported by the majority vote of theSpecial Inquiry Tribunal, is correct and where itupholds same by a two-thirds majority vote.

17. Composition of the Special Inquiry TribunalThe Special Inquiry Tribunal shall have the followingmembers:

1) the Deputy Speaker of the House Chairperson2) the Deputy Speaker of

the House of the Federation Member(s)3) three members to be

elected by the House...................4) a member of the House to be elected

by joint agreement of oppositionparties having seats in the House

5) the Vice-President of theFederal Supreme Court ................

"

"

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Feder Negarit Gazeta - No. 40 4thJuJy, 2000-Page 1361

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18. Pro1ibition to Engage in Other Employment1) IAn appointee shall not be allowed to engage in

other gainful, public or private employment duringhis term of office.

2) Notwithstanding the provisions of sub-Article (1)

of this Article, the House may allow otherwise inconsideration of the particular profession in whichthe appointee is required to make contribution.

PART TWOPowers and Duties of Appointees

J9. Powers and Duties of the Chief Commissioner1) The Chief Commissioner shall be the top executive

of the Commission and, as such, shall exercise thepowers and duties of the Commission provided forherein.

2) Without prejudice to the generality stated under

Sub-Article (1) of this Article, the Chief Commis-sioner shall:(a) employ and administer the staff, in accor-

dance with directive to be adopted by theCouncil of Commissioners.

(b) prepare and sumbit to the House, the budget,of the Commission dealt upon by the Councilof Commissioners; and implement sameupon approval:

(c) transfer a case where he has sufficient

grounds, from one investigation section orinvestigator to another; or investigate, him-self, a case of human right violation commit-ted anywhere;

I

I

(d) undertake study of recurrent cases of human

i right violations and forward together withremedial proposals to the House;

(e) give his opinion on reports prepared by the

Federal Government in respect of humanrights protection;

(f) prepare, and submit to the House, draft

legislation on human rights; give his opinionon those prepared otherwise;

(g) submit a report, to the House, on matters of

human rights and on the activities of the

ICommission;

(h) take part in meetings by way of representing

the Commission, establish working relationswith Federal and Regional government or-gans as well as with non-governmentalorganizations;

(i) Organize, Coordinate and follow up branch

offices;U) perform such other activities as may be

assigned to him by the House.3) The Chief Commissioner may, to the extent neces-

sary for the efficient performance of the Commis-sion, delegate part of his powers and duties, other

than those specified under sub-Article 2 (b), (f) and(g) of this Article and Article 35 (2), to Commis-

sioners or other officials of the Commission.

1K' liif.r.ftl t..1..~A ~;J&"'- ;JtLIlJ <IITC ~ (}~ .f)~.,., Ii!fn ,.,... Federal Negarit Gazeta - No. 40 41hJuly, 2000-Page 1362

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20. Powers and Duties of the DeputyChief CommissionerThe Deputy Chief Commissioner shall:I) assist the Chief Commissioner in planning, or-

ganizing, directing and coordinating the activitiesof the head office of the Commisslon;

2) undertake the activities of the Chief Commissioner,in the absence of the latter;

3) carry out such other activities as may be assigned tohim by the Chief Commissioner.

21. Powers and Duties of the Commissionersof Branch OfficesIn addition to exercising, within the local jurisdiction ofa branch office, the powers and duties vested in theCommission, other than those specified under Sub-Articles (7) and (9) of Article 6 of this Proclamation; theCommissioner shall, as the superior head of a branchoffice, have the following powers and duties:I) to transfer a case from one investigation section or

investigator to another or to conduct investigationhimself, where it has a good cause;

2) to submit, to the Chief Commissioner, a detailedreport on matters of human rights;

3) to direct and organize the branch office as well toadminister its professionals and support staff, inaccordance with directive issued by the Commis-SIOn;

4) to effect payments in accordance with the budgetallocated to the branch office;

5) to establish working relations, as a representati ve ofthe branch office, with Regional governmentorgans and non-governmental organizationsoperating within the Region;

6) to perform such other activities as may be assignedto him by the Chief Commissioner.

PART THREERules of Procedure of the Commission

The Right to Lodge ComplaintsI) A complaint may be lodged by a person claiming

that his rights are violated or, by his Spouse, familymember, representative or by a third party.

2) The Commission may, in consideration of thegravity of the human right violation committed,receive ~nonymous complaints.

3) Without prejudice to provisions of Article 7 of thisproclamation, the right to lodge complaints, asunder this Proclamation, shall be no bar to theinstitution of criminal or civil proceedings over thesame case.

4) The Commission shall receive and investigatecomplaints, free of any charge.

23. Lodging Complaints1) A complaint may be lodged, with the Commission,

orally, in writing or in any other manner.2) Complaints shall, to the extent possible, be submit-

ted together with supporting evidence.3) Commplaints may be made in Amharic or in the

working language of a Region.

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24. InvestigationI) The Commission may conduct investigation on the

basis of complaints submitted to it.2) The Commission shall have the power to conduct

investigation, on its own initation, where it so findsnecessary .

25. Ordering the Production of EvidenceIn order to undertake necessary examination, within areasonable time, the Commission may order that:I) those complained against appear, for questioning

or that they submit their defence.2) witness appear, and give their testimony;3) any person in possession of evidence, relevant to

the case, produce same,26. Remedies

I) The Commission shall make all the effort it can

summon to settle, amicably, a complaint broughtbefore it.

2) It shall notify, in writing, the findings of its

investigation, and its opinion thereon, to thesuperior head of the concerned organ and to thecomplainant.

3) The remedy proposed by the Commission, pur-

suant to this Article, shall expressly state that the acthaving caused the grievance be discontinued, thatthe directive having caused the grievance berendered inapplicable and that the injustice com-mitted be redressed or that any other appropriate'measure be taken.

4) Complaints submitted to the Commission shall be

accorded with due response, within a short periodof time.

27. The Right to Object1) Any complainant or accused shall have the right to

object to the official, next in hierarchy, where he isaggrieved by a remedy proposed by a subordinateappointee or official of the Commission, within onemonth from the time he is notified, in writing, ofsuch proposed remedy.

2) An appointee or official who receives an objection,

pursuant to Sub-Article (1) of this Article, maymodify, stay the execution of, reverse or confirmthe remedy having been proposed.

3) The decision to be rendered by the chief commis-

sioner shall be final.28. Duty to Notify of Fault

Where the Commission, in the process of conductinginvestigations, believes that a crime or an administrativefault is committed, it shall have the duty to, forth with,notify in writing immediately to the concerned organ orofficial.

29. Overlap of Jurisdiction1) Where cases falling both under the jurisdiction of

the Commission and of the Institution of theOmbudsman materialize, the question of which ofthem would investigate shall be determined upontheir mutual consultation.

2) Failing determination of the matter, as under Sub-

Article (I) of this Article, the organ before whichthe case is lodged shall undertake the investigation.

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PARTFOURAdministration of the Council of Commissioners

and Staff of the Commission30. Council of the Commissioners

1) Council of the Commissioners (hereinafler referred

to a "the Council") is hereby established.2) The Council shall have the following members:

(a) the Chief Commissioner Chairperson(b) the Deputy Chief

Commissioner Deputy Chair person(c) other Commissioners Members

3) The Council shall elect its secret~.,.yfrom among its

members.4) The Council may draw-up its own rules; of

procedure.31. Powers and Duties ofthe Council

The Council shall have the following powers and duties:I) to adopt directives and by-laws necessary for the

implementation of this Proclamation;2) to discuss on the draft budget of the Commission;3) to adopt staff regulations in conformity with the

basic principles of federal civil service laws;4) to appoint department heads of the Commission

and branch offices of same;5) to examine, and decide on, cases, petitions or

complaints submitted to it in relation to staffadministration,within short period of time;

6) to appoint heads, at the level of branch offices" ofthe childern and women affairs department;

7) to hear disciplinary cases, relating to department

heads.32. The Right to Appeal /

I) Any department head of the Commission aggrievedby administrative decisions rendered by the Coun-cil may appeal to the Speaker of the House withinone month from the date such decision has beenmade.

2) the decision rendered pursuant to Sub-Article (1) ofthis Article shall be final.

33. Utilization of Outside ProfessionalsThe Commission may utilize, for a specific task and fora definite duration, outside professionals necessary forits functions, subject to making appropriateremunerations.

34. Observance of SecrecyUnless ordered by a court or otherwise permitted by theChief Commissioner, any appointee or staff of theCommission or any professional employed pursuant toArticle 33 of this Proclamation, shall have theobligation not to disclose, at all times, any secret knownto him in connection with his duty.

35. ImmunityNo:I) appointee, or2) investigatorof the Commission may be arrested or detained withoutthe permission of the House or the Chief Commissioner,respectively, except when caught in Flagrante delicto,for a serious offence.

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PARTFIVEMiscellaneous Provisions

36. BudgetI) The budget of the Commission shall be drawn from

the following sources:(a) budgetary subsidy to be allocated by the

government;(b) assistance, grant and any other source.

2) Ofthe monies obtained from the sources mentioned

under sub-Article (1) of this Article, an amountequivalent to a quarterly portion, shall, in advance,

be deposited at the National Bank of Ethiopia, or atanother bank designated by the Bank, and shall beutilized, in accrodance with financial regulations of

the government, for purposes of implementing theobjectives of the Commission.

37. Books of Accounts1) The Commission shall keep complete and accurate

books of accounts.2) The accounts of the Commission shall be audited,

annually, by an organ to be designated by the.House.

38. Duty to CooperateAny person shall provide the necessary assistance, with

a view to helping the Commission exercise its powersand duties.

39. Reporting1) The Commission shall issue an official report, as

may be necessary.2) The Commission shall exercise transparency in

respect of its mode of operation, including issuance

of regular reports.3) Notwithstanding the provisions of sub-Article (2)

of this Article, the Commission shall have the dutyto exercise caution in respect of matters to be keptsecret, with a view to not endangering nationalscurity and well-being or to protecting individuallives.

40. Non-Answerability for DefamationI) No complaint lodged pursuant to this

Proclamation, shall, entail liability for defamation.2) No report of the Commission submitted to the

House, on the findings of an investigation under-

taken, nor any other correspondence of the Com-

mission, relating to its activities, shall entailliability for defamation.

41. PenaltyI) Any person who, having received summons from

the Commission, or been called upon by itotherwise, does not appear or respond, withoutgood cause, within the time fixed or is not willing toproduce a document or to have same examined,shall be punishable with imprisonment from onemonth to six months or with a fine from twohundered to one thousand Birr or with both.

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2) Any person who causes harm to witnesses beforethe Commission ~r to persons having produced adocument before it or who, without good cause,fails to take measures within three months fromreceipt of reports, recommendations and sugges-tions of the Commision or does not state the reasonsfor such failure shall be punishable '" ~:himprison-ment from three to five years or with a tine from sixthousand to ten thousand Birr or with both; unlesspunishable with more severe penalty under thepenal law.

42. Transitory ProvisionsComplaints on violation of human rignts that are underinvestigation by the House, prior to the enactment ofthis Proclamation, shall be investigated by the Commis-SIOn.

43. Inapplicable LawsNo law or practice, inconsistent with this Proclamation,shall be applicable in respect of matters provided for inthis Proclamation.

44. Effective DateThis Proclamation shall enter into force as of the 4thday

of July, 2000

Done at Addis Ababa, this 4thday of July, 2000.

NEGASO GIDADA (DR.)PRESIDENT OF THE FEDERAL

DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA

.ncY1'i M9" fI7'''D7..f~C~'''' :1""00

~ERHANENA SELAM PRINTING ENTERPRISE