fBowkD;k}h y/so L ftek; s/ u[BshnK - Yojanayojana.gov.in/Panjabi.pdf · April - 2015 52 g[;se L...

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ISSN-0971-8354

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Printed & Published by Dr. (Ms) Sadhana Rout, Additional Director General & Head on behalf of Publications Division, SoochnaBhawan, C.G.O. Complex, Lodhi Road, New Delhi-110003. Printed at M/s Viba Press Pvt. Ltd., C-66/3, Okhla Industrial Area,Phase-II, New Delhi-110020, Editor : Balbir Madhopuri.

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Jhw/b : [email protected]?p;kJhN LLLLL www.yojana.gov.inwww.publicationsdivision.nic.in

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4 :'iBk, ngq?b :'iBk, ngq?b :'iBk, ngq?b :'iBk, ngq?b :'iBk, ngq?b 2015

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(gzikph)(gzikph)(gzikph)(gzikph)(gzikph)

• wJh 2015 - fJj nzewJh 2015 - fJj nzewJh 2015 - fJj nzewJh 2015 - fJj nzewJh 2015 - fJj nze ;?o-;gkNk y/so ;?o-;gkNk y/so ;?o-;gkNk y/so ;?o-;gkNk y/so ;?o-;gkNk y/so T[`s/ e/Idfos j't/rk.T[`s/ e/Idfos j't/rk.T[`s/ e/Idfos j't/rk.T[`s/ e/Idfos j't/rk.T[`s/ e/Idfos j't/rk.

• i{B 2015 - fJj nzei{B 2015 - fJj nzei{B 2015 - fJj nzei{B 2015 - fJj nzei{B 2015 - fJj nze ftebge dtkJhnK ftebge dtkJhnK ftebge dtkJhnK ftebge dtkJhnK ftebge dtkJhnK T[`s/ e/Idfos j't/rk.T[`s/ e/Idfos j't/rk.T[`s/ e/Idfos j't/rk.T[`s/ e/Idfos j't/rk.T[`s/ e/Idfos j't/rk.

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uzd/ Gkosh g';Nb nkovo$wBh nkovo s/ p?Ie vok\N okjhIuzd/ Gkosh g';Nb nkovo$wBh nkovo s/ p?Ie vok\N okjhIuzd/ Gkosh g';Nb nkovo$wBh nkovo s/ p?Ie vok\N okjhIuzd/ Gkosh g';Nb nkovo$wBh nkovo s/ p?Ie vok\N okjhIuzd/ Gkosh g';Nb nkovo$wBh nkovo s/ p?Ie vok\N okjhI

ADG(i/c), Publications Division d/ BK #s/ pDk e/ d/ BK #s/ pDk e/ d/ BK #s/ pDk e/ d/ BK #s/ pDk e/ d/ BK #s/ pDk e/;kjwD/ fby/ gs/ #s/ G/i';kjwD/ fby/ gs/ #s/ G/i';kjwD/ fby/ gs/ #s/ G/i';kjwD/ fby/ gs/ #s/ G/i';kjwD/ fby/ gs/ #s/ G/i'

Business Manager

(Advertisement & Circulation )

Publications Division, Ministry

of Information and Broadcasting

East Block-IV, Level-VII,

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fBowkD;k}h y/sofBowkD;k}h y/sofBowkD;k}h y/sofBowkD;k}h y/sofBowkD;k}h y/so

Gkos ftu fBowkD;k}h L Bt/I gfog/y s/ }o{osKGkos ftu fBowkD;k}h L Bt/I gfog/y s/ }o{osKGkos ftu fBowkD;k}h L Bt/I gfog/y s/ }o{osKGkos ftu fBowkD;k}h L Bt/I gfog/y s/ }o{osKGkos ftu fBowkD;k}h L Bt/I gfog/y s/ }o{osK

gh n?`w w?fET{gh n?`w w?fET{gh n?`w w?fET{gh n?`w w?fET{gh n?`w w?fET{

S'eV

fBowkD;k}h ftu Bk-ek\h ftek;dk Gkos ftu o[}rko g?dk eoB #s/ wkVkn;o fgnk j?. ekfwnK dh tzv ns/y/shpkVh ftu Fkfwb ehws dk toswkBp/w/b d/F ftu rohpK dh tZvh ;zfynkj'D dk fJe w[Zy ekoB j?. fJ; ftuc"oh ;[Xko dh b'V j?. fBowkD;k}h y/sonfijk gkDh u{;D tkb/ y/so tork j't/i' b'e y/shpkVh ~ SZv e/ T[u nkwdBdh Gkb ftu pkjo fBebDk ukj[zd/ jB

nfs-nfXe ftFthfeqs noEftt;Ekftu, tkX/ tkbh fBo:ks w[ekpb/pk}h dhb'V bJh ikD-gSkD dh e'Jh b'V BjhI.;;sh w}d{oh ns/ j[Bo d/ r[DK ~ t/yfdnK Gkos ~ fBowkD;k}h y/so ftuuhB dk w[ekpbk eoBk ukjhdk j?. Gkosd/ e[Zb xo/b{ T[sgkd ftu fBowkD;k}hy/so dk :'rdkB 17 gqfsFs j? id fefJj uhB ftu 33 gqfsFs, e'ohnk ftu29 gqfsFs, pqk}hb ftu 25 gqfsFs ns/EkJhb?Iv ftu 27 gqfsFs j?. go, ;kv/e'b d{;o/ ;o'sK ns/ YKu/ dh ewh j?fi; dh fBt/Fe wzr eod/ jB, fJj fJenfijh ew}'oh j? fi; B/ j[Bo w[yhfBowkD;k}h nzdo fBt/F dh nkwd ~Ykj bkJh j?. e[M y/soK d/ jkbhnko[MkB, fit/I nkN' ns/ nkN' fjZ;/-g[o}/,]k; eoe/ o;kfJD, nkw dtkJhnK ns/fJzihBhnfozr, ftFt d/ fBowkDekoK bJhfJE/ nkT[D dh tZvh ;zGktBk gqrN eod/jB. gqXkB wzsoh tb'I o/yKfes Bhsh #s/

fgfgfgfgfg }'o d/Dk, i' d' w'joh :'iBktK @w/e fJBfJzvhnk# ns/ @Gkos ~ j[Bowzd eoBk# j?,dh fgZmG{wh ftu fJ; ~ ;wMD dh b'Vj?.

f\eo tkbh rZb j? fe fJ; dh

nfjwhns r[nku ojh j?. idfe uhB dke[Zb xo/b{ T[sgkdB Gkos Bkb'I 3H8 r[Dk

tZvk j?, fJ; dk wFhB N{b} dk T[sgkdB,i' fBowkD;k}h dh @wK ;ZBns# j[zdh j?,

55 r[Dk f}nkdk j?. Gkos ~ fBowkD;k}h;kbkBk 12-14 gqfsFs tXkT[D, nrb/

15 ;kbK ftu fBowkD;k}h y/so nzdo100 fwbhnB Bt/I o[}rko g?dk eoBbJh fJe oDBhsh dh }o{os j? sK fe

nkpkdh d/ bkGK ~ g{fonK ehsk ik ;e/ns/ g{zihrs T[d:'fre t;sK ftu j'o

rfjokJh g?dk eoe/ fBowkD;k}h y/so ~j'o BthBsw, w[ekpb/ tkbk ns/ ikoh

ofjD:'r pDkfJnk ik ;e/. e'Jh thBthnK ekYK dh oDBhsh ;zrfms fBowkD-

;k}h Bhsh Bkb'I x[bh-fwbh j'Dh ukjhdhj?. fJ; d/ bJh T[BQK oDBhshnK ~

eqKshekoh nbftdk nkyDk gt/rk fiBQK dh;k~ nkds g? u[Zeh j?.

fBowkD;k}h w[ekpb/pk}h LfBowkD;k}h w[ekpb/pk}h LfBowkD;k}h w[ekpb/pk}h LfBowkD;k}h w[ekpb/pk}h LfBowkD;k}h w[ekpb/pk}h L

wsbp ns/ dkfJokwsbp ns/ dkfJokwsbp ns/ dkfJokwsbp ns/ dkfJokwsbp ns/ dkfJok

w[ekpb/ tkb/ noEuko/ T[j jBfiBQK ftu T[sgkfdesk ftu tkXk eoBtkb/ ekoe w"i{d jB fiBQK d/ f;o #s/toswkB s/ GftZyh ][Fjkbh dh T[;kohehsh ikDh j?. fJe w[ekpb/pk}h ;jkfJsk

eoB tkbk nkofEe tksktoB okFNohnoEftt;EktK ~ tgkoe wzdhnK MZbDftu ;jkfJsk eo ;edk j? ns/ fBFfuseo ;edk j? fe GftZy ftu fbikT[Dtkb/ m'; nkofEe ekor[}koh d/ szsonkgDh EK ;Ekgs j' u[Ze/ jB.

ftFt nkofEe c'ow (vpb:{ Jh

n?c) w[ekpb/pk}h pko/ ftnkfynk eofdnK

fJ; ~ ;z;EkBK, BhshnK ns/ ekoeK dk

fJe ;w{j nkydh j? i' fe;/ d/F d/T[sgkfdesk d/ gZXo ~ fBoXkos eod/jB. pdb/ ftu T[sgkfdesk dk gZXo][Fjkbh dk ;EkJh gZXo fBFus eodk j?

i' fe;/ nkofEesk d[nkok ewkfJnk ik

;edk j?. d{i/ FpdK ftu, f}nkdk

w[ekpb/ tkbhnK noEftt;EktK nkgD/

BkrfoeK bJh nkwdB dk T[uk gZXo g?dk

eoB d/ ;woZE B}o nkT[IdhnK jB.

T[`dw dk nkeko s/ w[ekpb/pk}hT[`dw dk nkeko s/ w[ekpb/pk}hT[`dw dk nkeko s/ w[ekpb/pk}hT[`dw dk nkeko s/ w[ekpb/pk}hT[`dw dk nkeko s/ w[ekpb/pk}h

j[D se w[ZyXkok d/ ;ztkdK ftu T[useBkb'ih tkb/ tgkoe ns/ tZv/ T[dwK #s/fXnkB e/Idfos ehsk frnk j?. e[doshs"o s/, fBowkD;k}h pko/ nekdfwe ;ztkdB/ ftnkge s"o s/ fJe gqG{;Zsk g?dk eofdsh j? fi; ftu S'N/ ns/ dofwnkB/doi/ d/ T[d:'rK dh G{fwek ~ r[Zm/ bkfdsk frnk. fJj T[God/ j'J/ noEukfonKdk e/Idoh G{fwek ftu nkT[Dk jh j? fi;B/ n?w n?; n?w Jh} tZb fXnkB nkeofFseotkfJnk j?.

nzsookFNoh nzefVnK w[skpe 50


gqfsFs s'I tZX S'N/ tgko gfjb/ ;kb ns/95 gqfsFs gfjb/ gzi ;kbK d"okB n;cbj' iKd/ jB. tgko n;cb j'D d/ nkwekoBK fit/I Bk-siop/eko T[dwh, wkVk;EkB ns/ ftek; bJh g{zih dh ewh;w/s, tgko ftu n;cbsk dk fJe j'onDr"fbnk ekoB fYZbkgB$nDrfjbh j?.ne;o jh, tgko E'VQh pj[sh ;cbsk s'Ipknd tfvnkJh #s/ fNe/ ofjzd/ jB fi;Bkb T[sgkfdesk ftu tkXk s/ w[ekpb/-pk}h ftu tkXk BjhI j[zdk. f;ZN/ ti'I,fteoh ftu ewh nkT[Dh F[o{ j' iKdh j?.fJ; eoe/, }o{oh j? fe T[d:'r dhT[sgkfdesk ns/ r[DtZsk tXkT[D bJh;zihdk :'rdkB gkfJnk ikt/.

nkX[fBe d[BhnK ftu fBowkD;k}hnkX[fBe d[BhnK ftu fBowkD;k}hnkX[fBe d[BhnK ftu fBowkD;k}hnkX[fBe d[BhnK ftu fBowkD;k}hnkX[fBe d[BhnK ftu fBowkD;k}h

w[ekpb/pk}h ~ ftFtheoB dhw[ekpb/pk}h ~ ftFtheoB dhw[ekpb/pk}h ~ ftFtheoB dhw[ekpb/pk}h ~ ftFtheoB dhw[ekpb/pk}h ~ ftFtheoB dh

gqfefonk ns/ nkofEe T[dkoheoBgqfefonk ns/ nkofEe T[dkoheoBgqfefonk ns/ nkofEe T[dkoheoBgqfefonk ns/ nkofEe T[dkoheoBgqfefonk ns/ nkofEe T[dkoheoB

d/ ;zdoG ftu, uouk ehs/ ikDd/ ;zdoG ftu, uouk ehs/ ikDd/ ;zdoG ftu, uouk ehs/ ikDd/ ;zdoG ftu, uouk ehs/ ikDd/ ;zdoG ftu, uouk ehs/ ikD

dh b'V j?. @buedko ftF/Fsk#dh b'V j?. @buedko ftF/Fsk#dh b'V j?. @buedko ftF/Fsk#dh b'V j?. @buedko ftF/Fsk#dh b'V j?. @buedko ftF/Fsk#

d/ :[r dh F[o{nks j'D Bkbd/ :[r dh F[o{nks j'D Bkbd/ :[r dh F[o{nks j'D Bkbd/ :[r dh F[o{nks j'D Bkbd/ :[r dh F[o{nks j'D Bkb

fBowkD;k}h w[ekpb/pk}h B/ fJefBowkD;k}h w[ekpb/pk}h B/ fJefBowkD;k}h w[ekpb/pk}h B/ fJefBowkD;k}h w[ekpb/pk}h B/ fJefBowkD;k}h w[ekpb/pk}h B/ fJe

BtK nk:ks jk;b ehsk j?.BtK nk:ks jk;b ehsk j?.BtK nk:ks jk;b ehsk j?.BtK nk:ks jk;b ehsk j?.BtK nk:ks jk;b ehsk j?.

fBowkD;k}h j'o f}nkdk @;EkBfBowkD;k}h j'o f}nkdk @;EkBfBowkD;k}h j'o f}nkdk @;EkBfBowkD;k}h j'o f}nkdk @;EkBfBowkD;k}h j'o f}nkdk @;EkB

fBogZy# j' frnk j? fi; d/ jKfBogZy# j' frnk j? fi; d/ jKfBogZy# j' frnk j? fi; d/ jKfBogZy# j' frnk j? fi; d/ jKfBogZy# j' frnk j? fi; d/ jK

ns/ BKj gZyh d't/I gqGkt jB.ns/ BKj gZyh d't/I gqGkt jB.ns/ BKj gZyh d't/I gqGkt jB.ns/ BKj gZyh d't/I gqGkt jB.ns/ BKj gZyh d't/I gqGkt jB.

tZy-tZy ;EkBK #s/ j'D tkbhnKtZy-tZy ;EkBK #s/ j'D tkbhnKtZy-tZy ;EkBK #s/ j'D tkbhnKtZy-tZy ;EkBK #s/ j'D tkbhnKtZy-tZy ;EkBK #s/ j'D tkbhnK

fBow kD;k} h dhnK t Zy -t ZyfBow kD;k} h dhnK t Zy -t ZyfBow kD;k} h dhnK t Zy -t ZyfBow kD;k} h dhnK t Zy -t ZyfBow kD;k} h dhnK t Zy -t Zy

gqfefonktK bkrs Bkb ;zpzfXsgqfefonktK bkrs Bkb ;zpzfXsgqfefonktK bkrs Bkb ;zpzfXsgqfefonktK bkrs Bkb ;zpzfXsgqfefonktK bkrs Bkb ;zpzfXs

;EkBe \kfJfdnK dk bkG b?D;EkBe \kfJfdnK dk bkG b?D;EkBe \kfJfdnK dk bkG b?D;EkBe \kfJfdnK dk bkG b?D;EkBe \kfJfdnK dk bkG b?D

bJh p/nzs w"e/ g/F eodhnKbJh p/nzs w"e/ g/F eodhnKbJh p/nzs w"e/ g/F eodhnKbJh p/nzs w"e/ g/F eodhnKbJh p/nzs w"e/ g/F eodhnK

jB. fJ; eoe/, pk}ko dhjB. fJ; eoe/, pk}ko dhjB. fJ; eoe/, pk}ko dhjB. fJ; eoe/, pk}ko dhjB. fJ; eoe/, pk}ko dh

;hwk ns/ ;fEsh s/ ;zukbB dk;hwk ns/ ;fEsh s/ ;zukbB dk;hwk ns/ ;fEsh s/ ;zukbB dk;hwk ns/ ;fEsh s/ ;zukbB dk;hwk ns/ ;fEsh s/ ;zukbB dk

g?wkBk fBowkD;k}h w[ekpb/}hg?wkBk fBowkD;k}h w[ekpb/}hg?wkBk fBowkD;k}h w[ekpb/}hg?wkBk fBowkD;k}h w[ekpb/}hg?wkBk fBowkD;k}h w[ekpb/}h

dh sKx ~ fdFk d/D bJhdh sKx ~ fdFk d/D bJhdh sKx ~ fdFk d/D bJhdh sKx ~ fdFk d/D bJhdh sKx ~ fdFk d/D bJh

pj[s nfjw jB.pj[s nfjw jB.pj[s nfjw jB.pj[s nfjw jB.pj[s nfjw jB.

fBowkD;k}h w[ekpb/pk}h jk;b eoBbJh brksko y'i dk j'Dk pj[s }o{ohj?. go, BthI ekY tZb s[ofdnK fJj th}o{oh j? fe e'Jh cow y[ZbQ/ pk}ko dhGkb ftu j?< iK fJj E'VQ fuo/ fBFkB/

fit/I fe o[}rko w"fenK dh ;[oZfynk ftuf}nkdk fdbu;gh fdyk ojh j?<fBowkD;k}h w[ekpb/pk}h pko/ j'D tkbhnKuouktK ftu fJBQK ;tkbK d/ itkp nfjwjB. ftFth w[ekpb/pk}h nkgD/ BkbftFkb pk}ko gj[zu, seBkb'iheb BthnKekYK ns/ j[Bo ftu ;[Xko b? e/ nkT[Idhj?.

fBowkD;k}h w[ekpb/pk}h BkbfBowkD;k}h w[ekpb/pk}h BkbfBowkD;k}h w[ekpb/pk}h BkbfBowkD;k}h w[ekpb/pk}h BkbfBowkD;k}h w[ekpb/pk}h Bkb;zpzfXs w[Zd/;zpzfXs w[Zd/;zpzfXs w[Zd/;zpzfXs w[Zd/;zpzfXs w[Zd/

n?w n?; n?w Jh} Bk f;o\ Gkos;r'I fte;s d/FK ftu th fBowkD;k}hy/so dh ohVQ dh jZvh j[zd/ jB. fJ;eoe/ n?w n?; n?w Jh} dh w[ekpb/pk}h:ehBh pDkT[Dk wjZstg{oB j? feT[IfefJ; Bkb fBowkD;k}h y/so dk ;w{fjeftek; ns/ okFNoh nkofEesk dk ftek;eoB ftu ;jkfJsk fwb/rh. @;w{fjeekoie[Fbsk# d/ wkvb ftu siofpnK dkfJe djkek fJj do;kT[Idk j? id fefJBQK wkvbK B/ cowK dh e[Zb T[sgkfdesktkX/ ftu :'rdkB gkfJnk j?, d/F dhnKfBowkD;k}h ;woEktK ~ Ykj bZrh j?.fJ; ;zdoG ftu jh n?B n?w ;h gh ~ikoh ehsk frnk j?.

T[j n?; n?w Jh} fijV/ fJefjo/nkXko #s/ t;sK dk fBowkD eod/ jB,~ w[ekpb/pk}h tkbh d[BhnK ftu nkgD/;EkB dh ;whfynk eoB dh b'V j? ns/T[;/ w[skpe jh ezgBh ~ w[V-rfms eoBbJh edw u[ZeD/ j'Dr/. nfijhnKfJekJhnK Bkb ;zpzfXs w[ZfdnK ~ ftFthfeqsj' ojh d[BhnK ftu ;[bMkT[Dk pj[s n"ykezw j?. T[BQK ~ w[ekpb/pk} j'D bJhnkgD/ nkg dh w[V y'i ns/ w[V rmBeoBk j't/rk ns/ fJ; ~ n;b ftufbnkT[D bJh g/Fedwh eoBh gt/rh.n?; n?w Jh} y'i dh fJe bVh ~ j[bkokd/ ;ed/ jB. T[j y'i ns/ seBhehftek; bJh g?dk j'D dh EK jB i'tZvhnK ezgBhnK bJh seBkb'ih ;o's pD

;ed/ jB. fJ; eoe/, fJBQK T[dwK ~seBkb'ih ftek; ns/ w[ekpb/pk}h tXkT[DbJh gq;skfts ehs/ ikD dh b'V j?.fJz;NhfuT{N nk\ ;wkb n?INogqkJhf;} n?Ivfvt?bgw?IN (nkJh n?; Jh vh) ftu ehshnKy'iK B/ do;kfJnk j? fe ;zpzfXs wzsokfbnKtb'I iBse gq'rokwK ns/ ;ehwK dh bVhF[o{ ehs/ ikD d/ pkti{d, T[BQK ftu'I e'Jhth fJBQK w[ZfdnK ~ jZb eoB d/ ekpbBjhI. fJE/ jh fJBebkph pdbktK dhb'V T[gidh j?.

seBkb'ih, gqpzXB ns/ Bw{B/ dk;zg{oB ;[w/b w[ekpb/pk}h ftu tkX/ bJhfBjkfJs }o{oh j't/rk go, n?w n?; n?wJh} ftu fJj jw/Fk ;zGt BjhI j't/rkns/ i' fco fv}kJhB eoB tkb/ dhG{fwek j't/rh, fiE/ T[BQK ~ pkjoh j[Bodh }o{os gt/rh @;'u s'I pk}ko# se d/;w/I ~ ns/ fJ; d/ ]sfonK ~ xZNeoBk nZi d/ pk}ko ftu w[ekpb/ #s/nkT[D bJh pj[s nfjw j' frnk j?.fJ; bJh ;bkjeko$ fv}kJhB eoB tkb/tb'I :'iBkpX ns/ ftXhts gj[zu ngDkJ/ikD dh b'V gt/rh. fJ; ~ gqGkth YzrBkb n?; n?w Jh} se gj[zukT[D ns/gqEk ftu pdbD dh b'V j?.

seBkb'ihseBkb'ihseBkb'ihseBkb'ihseBkb'ih s/ BthI ekY ftu tkXks/ BthI ekY ftu tkXks/ BthI ekY ftu tkXks/ BthI ekY ftu tkXks/ BthI ekY ftu tkXk

BthI dfj;dh ftu T[dw ~ fte;seoB dhnK w[Zy s"o s/ d' T[dkjoDKjB. ftek;Fhb d/FK ftu gqubs fw;kbT[Bsh ns/ ftek; d/ y/soK ftu ;oekodh nfjw G{fwek j?. go, ;G s'I f}nkdkfte;s d/FK d/ ;zdoG ftu fXnkB dke/Ido fpzd{ BthI ekY j?.

y'i s/ ftek; you ~ e[Zb xo/b{T[sgkd d/ gqfsFs ti'I th ne;o y'i dhjkbks d/ ;{ue ti'I tofsnk iKdk j?.Gkos d/ ;zdoG ftu jkbks #s/ ftnkgeuouk j'Jh j?. nfijhnK dbhbK jB i'fJFkok eodhnK jB fe Gkos dh ftfrnkBs/ seBkb'ih ;woZEk ;w/I d/ Bkb fte;s


j'Jh j?. go fJj e[Zb nzeV/ ;k~ g{ohs;tho BjhI fdykT[Id/. id'I BthI ekYns/ y'i s/ ftek; #s/ you dh rZb eohJ/sK Gkos jkb/ th Nhu/ s'I pj[s goQK B}onkT[Idk j?. f;o\ uko Gkosh ezgBhnKd[BhnK dhnK ;ot'u tgkoe ezgBhnK ftuF[wko jB i' y'i ns/ ftek; you/ ftuw'joh jB. id fe e[Zb fwbk e/ jkbksT[go dZ;D fij/ jB, n?; n?w Jh} Bkb;zpzfXs jkbks fes/ tZX j";bk d/D tkb/jB. id fe n?; n?w Jh y/so dhftF/Fsk fJ; d/ T[sgkdK dh ftFkbfGzBsk j?, y'i s/ ftek; dh jkbsfBokFkiBe jZd se xZN j?. fJ; ~nkJh gh nko ns/ nkJh n?; Jh vh dhy'i ftu gqw[Zysk Bkb do;kfJnk frnk j?(nkJh n?; Jh vh, 2009).

d[BhnK ftu o'}kBk Bt/I T[sgkd ns/gqfefonktK j'Id ftu nk oj/ jB i'seBkb'iheb eqKsh dk Bshik jB. go,eh fJBQK gqfefonktK s/ T[sgkdK ~ d{ihnKcowK tb'I ngDkfJnk iKdk j?, fJj tZvk;tkb j? i' d{i/ e[M nfjw ekoeK #s/fBoGo eodk j?. fJBQK nfjw ekoeK ~w'N/ s"o s/ 1) }o{oh eqwKel ns/ 2) y[ZbQ/eqwKe ftu tzfvnk ik ;edk j?.

j[Bo ;[Xko bJh gfjbedwhnKj[Bo ;[Xko bJh gfjbedwhnKj[Bo ;[Xko bJh gfjbedwhnKj[Bo ;[Xko bJh gfjbedwhnKj[Bo ;[Xko bJh gfjbedwhnK

e/Ido ns/ oki ;oekoK dk jo/ewzsokbk, ;w/I-;w/I tZy-tZy soQK d/ j[Bo;[Xko gq'rokw ftu Fkfwb fojk j?. go,ne;o fJj gq'rokw y/so iK T[g-y/sogZXo #s/ j[Bo dhnK b'VK dh yzfvs ;wM#s/ nkXkfos j[zd/ jB. f}nkdk j[BowzdwB[Zyh ;woZEk Bkb nkofEesk f}nkdkT[sgkde, BthBsw ns/ w[ekpb/ tkbhpD iKdh j?. fe;/ th nkofEesk ftuo[}rko dk gZXo, fJ; dh pDso ns/o[}rko w"fenK ftu tkXk ftek; gqfefonkd/ nfjw ;{ue j[zd/ jB. ftFtheoBns/ seBheh pdbktK dh tX ojh rshnkofEe c?bkn ns/ B"eoh g?dk eoB

tk;s/ u[B"shnK ns/ w"e/ g?dk eo oj/jB. fJBQK w"fenK dk \kfJdk T[mkT[Dns/ ;wkfie bkrsK ns/ T[ikV/ ~ xZNs'I xZN eoB bJh, i' y[ZbQh nkofEesk tZbikD ftu Fkfwb j[zd/ jB, fJe okFNo d/j[Bo dk gZXo ns/ r[DtZsk nfjw ekoepDd/ ik oj/ jB. T[u ns/ p/jso j[Botkb/ d/F ftFtheoB dhnK u[B"shnK ns/w"fenK Bkb uzrh soQK BfiZm ;ed/ jB.

Gkos ftu B"eohnK dh ftFkb ;wZf;nkj? - j[Bo dk p/w/b. fJj sK jh mhej't/rk i/ b'e feZskw[yh f;ybkJh b? e/o[}rko jk;b eoB. v/Y ;kb gfjbKikoh ;ehw dk Nhuk Gkos dh 93gqfsFs noX-j[Bowzd ns/ j[Bowzdn;zrfms w}d{o Fesh j?, fi; e'b E'VQhiK pj[s fBr{Dh f;ybkJh j?. fJj d/Fd/ fBwB j[Bo f;ybkJh ;z;EkBK ftubktZvk gkVk GoB dk fJokdk oZydh j?.2020 se d/F nzdo 2H5 fwbhnB feZskw[yhf;ybkJh ;hNK T[gbpX j'DrhnKl 12H8fwbhnB b'e jo ;kb w}d{o pk}ko ftuedw oZyd/ jB.

fJe nzdk}/ w[skfpe 2020 sed[BhnK ~ 540 fwbhnB j[Bowzd ekfwnKdh b'V gt/rh, fiBQK ftu T[u j[Bowzdns/ j[Bowzd fit/I fe vkeNo, fJzihBhno,gqpzXe nkfd ns/ noX-j[Bowzd ftneshth Fkfwb j'Dr/. nB[wkBK nB[;ko fJBQK#u'I brGr 50 gqfsFs Gkos s'I j'Dr/.d/F ftu'I pkjo gotk; dh wksok ~t/yfdnK, ydFk j? fe d/F ftu jo/egZXo #s/ j[Bo dk gkVk nkt/rk. go ;Gs'I f}nkdk wkVk n;o n?w n?; n?w Jhy/so #s/ gt/rk. id fe fJe gk;/, pkjo~ gotk; eoe/ d/F ftu j[Bo dh nkwxkN j?, nk]o ~ fJ; dk n;o n?w n?;n?w Jh} #s/ jh nkt/rk feT[Ife n?w n?;n?w Jh y/so ns/ GftZy ftu fJ; nzdoFkfwb j'D tkb/, d'B'I jh fJ; s'I goQ/ fyZu/ikDr/. Bkb jh, fJ; Bkb n?w n?; n?w

Jh y/so ftu T[iosK dh do ftu tkXk

th j't/rk, fi; Bkb pj[s ;kohnK fJekJhnKbJh ezw eoBk |?o-bkGekoh j't/rk.

fJ; eoe/ fJj }o{oh j? fe j[Bo gkV/ d/w[Zd/ d/ jZb bJh n?w n?; n?w Jh} ~

fJe ;EkJh wzu gqdkB ehsk ikt/. j[Bod/ ftek; bJh ;zrfms gj[zu fJe FkBdko

ftdkJh j?, fit/I fe gqXkB wzsoh tb'Ink}kdh fdt; GkFB ns/ 2014 d/ e/Idoh

piN ftu th f}eo ehsk frnk ;h fi;sfjs B?FBb wbNh-;fefbzr gq'rokw @;feb

fJzvhnk# ~ F[o{ ehsk frnk j?. fJ;gq'rokw dk Nhuk o[}rko ;woZEk ns/

gqkgsh dh gq/oBk #s/ }'o d/ e/ B"itkBK ~j[Bowzd eoBk j?. fJj otkfJsh feZfsnK

fit/I t?bfvzr, soykD, w'uh, oki fw;soh,b[jko, i[bkj/ nkfd bJh f;Zfynk ns/

wdd th w[jZJhnk eotkJ/rk. fJ; T[d/F~ jk;b eoB bJh tZy-tZy ;ehwK dk

;[wb/ eoB dk th gq;skt j?. @;febfJzvhnk# iBse Bhsh d[nkok w}d{o pk}koftu iBse Bhsh dk w[Zy ezw w"e/ :ehBh

pDkT[Dk j?. id fe fte;s j' ojhnkofEesk nzdo w"fenK dh Gowko j?,

iBse Bhsh dh w[Zy G{fwek ;woEktK ~;j{bs d/D dh j?. nfijhnK ;woEktK

wkv{bo ns/ gq/oDkdkfJe j[Bo d/ ;[w/bs'I g?dk j[zdhnK jB i' gq;skfts gq'rokw

:ehBh pDkT[Dk ukj[zdhnK jB. fJ;/ soQK,fJj gq'rokw iBse y/so d/ ftek; bJh

Bhsh gZyK s'I nfjw fw;kbh pdbkn #s/}'o fdzdk j?.

2015 d/ e/Idoh piN ftu fJ;y/so nzdo s/} o\sko gfjbedwhnK dkgq;skt oZfynk frnk j?. fJ; piNnzdo j[Bo d/ ftek; dk ;G s'I tZvkgqGkt f;Zfynk y/so #s/ gt/rk. fJ; Bkbfpbe[b j/mb/ gZXo #s/ B"eohnK g?dk j'Ddh nk; ehsh iKdh j?. piN ftup[fBnkdh YKuk, T{oik, fBowkD, ;tZSGkos, rzrk ;\kJh ns/ fv}hNb Gkos


tor/ y/soK nzdo Gkoh fBt/F eoB dkgq;skt j?. fJ; dk wsbp j? ;ZBnshns/ ezw bJh fsnko w}d{o Fesh ~j[Bo nkXkfos f;ybkJh. @;feb fJzvhnk#ns/ @B?FBb ;feb fwFB# sfjs 31 y/soK#u j[Bo dh w}p{sh eoB dk gq;skt j?.

fe;/ cow dh t;s{ebk ;zpzfXsw[V-ouBk bJh }o{oh j? fe gqpzXB ns/;zrmBkswe YKfunK ftu th pdbknehsk ikt/, Bkb jh frnkB spdhb eoBns/ J/eheoB d/ Bt/I szso ns/ BthBheoBns/ nkJh gh nko} gZyh Bhsh tksktoBf;ofink ikt/. fJj }o{oh j? fe Gkosftu ikDekoh nkXkfos T[d:'r y'i ;z;EkBK,ftFt ftfdnkfbnK ns/ d{i/ ;fj:'rhnKBkb ;KM gk e/, BthBsk ns/ y'i s/ftek; dk B?Ntoe wkvb ngDkT[D dhnKtZX s'I tZX e'fFFK eoB. nfijhnK e'fFFKfBowkD;k}h y/so bJh T[sFkfjs ehshnKikDhnK }o{oh jB. tgkoK ftu nkJh ghnko dh ikro{esk ftu ;[Xko fbnkT[Dk,]k; eoe/ n?w n?; n?w Jh}, fJ; dkwsbp j? fe T[j nkgD/ ftukoK ~;[oZfyns oZyD bJh oDBhshnK pDkT[DbJh ;{fus \?;b/ b?D d/ ekpb j'Dr/.

j[D id fe nkJh gh nko dhwjZssk ikDh-gSkDh j?, n?; n?w Jh} d/;zdoG ftu fJ; dh gq;zfresk ~ g{okfXnkB BjhI fwfbnk. fJe w[Zy ekoB ftF/dh ifNbsk j? i' ne;o nkw T[dwh dh;wM s'I pkjo j[zdk j?. cow dk S'Nknkeko ns/ B/Vb/ pk}ko #s/ fXnkB d/DBkb T[dwh nkJh gh nko d/ w[ZfdnK tZbpj[s xZN fXnkB fdzd/ jB. nkJh ghnko dh ;[oZfynk bJh fJe wzBh rJh b'VJ/Bh nfjw j' iKdh j? fe n?; n?w Jh}d/ pj[s ;ko/ otkfJsh y/soK s/ pj[-okFNoh iK ekog'o/N y/soK dk ep}k j'frnk j?. fJjh ;zdoG j? fi; ftu nkJhgh nko d/ pj[s ;ko/ nDS'j/ y/so j'of}nkdk nfjw j' iKd/ jB.

T[ `dwh BhshT[ `dwh BhshT[ `dwh BhshT[ `dwh BhshT[ `dwh Bhsh

Gkos ftu o[}rko g?dk eoB dhnKBhshnK ftu pj[s ;kohnK ;t?-o[}rkodhnK ;ehwK Fkfwb j[zdhnK jB fiBQK ~n?; n?w Jh BhshnK Bkb i'fVnk ik;edk j?. fJj BhshnK ;zy/g ftu, S'N/tgko d/ B[e;kB pBkw tZv/ GkJhtkbK d/jZb bJh ftZsh sohfenK d/ p/Yzr/ ezw ~do;kT[IdhnK jB. n?; n?w Jh BhshnKdk w[Zy e/Ido fpzd{ S'N/ tgko pDkT[Dkj[zdk j?, Bk fe T[dwh. T[dwhnK ~ i/;jh pk}koh ;ze/s fwb ikD sK nfBFfusskd/ ;w/I ftu th fte;s j' oj/ tgko g?dkeo ;ed/ jB, fi; dk ekoB s/}h Bkbpdb fojk seBheh ns/ ;wkfie-okiBhsetksktoB j[zdk j?. d[BhnK Go ftu, fJjbrksko wfj;{; ehsk ik fojk j? fe;t?-o[}rko ;ehwK bJh ftFkb tzv ns/S'N/ tgko bJh uzrk tksktoB f;oiDkftek; w[Zyh T[dwh tgko :ehBh pDkT[DbJh ek\h BjhI, fi; d/ j'o f}nkdko[}rko g?dk eoB ns/ ;fEo w[ekpb/pk}hdk bkG d/D dh T[whd ehsh iKdh j?.

Gkosh nkofEesk d/ T[dwh sohe/Bkb pdbkn ~ BkgDk ns/ soZeh #s/fBrokBh eoBk nfjw jB. fJ; tk;s/szso fte;s eoB dh b'V j?. okFNohT[dw Bhsh s/ nwb ~ fe;/ fJe wzzsokb/#s/ BjhI SZfvnk ik ;edk. T[dwh ftek;~ gfjb pDkT[D bJh nzso-wzsokbk;zukbe ;w{j }o{oh jB. ;EkBe gZXo#s/ fJj tZy-tZy f;Zfynk, ftZsh ns/ ;wkfie-;ZfGnkukoe ;zrmBK ftu ;KM ns/ GkJhtkbhftu spdhb j'Dk ukjhdk j?, i' iBsens/ fBZih y/soK s'I j'D. nfijk ;EkBegZXo #s/ fJe w}p{s okiBhse bhvofFgs'I fpBK ;zGt BjhI fi; ftu g/FktoK ns/;wkfie ekoi eosktK ~ fJe wzu #s/fbnkT[D dh ;woZEk j[zdh j?. fJe B"itkBbhvofFg, i' T[dwh nkofEesk ~ f}nkdkuzrh soQK ;wMdh j?, FkfJd okFNo dh

T[dwh pdbkn dh gqfefonk ~ nZr/ s'oBftu f}nkdk Y[ZethI j?. fBowkD;k}h dhw[ekpb/pk}h dk J/izvk ;Ekgs j'D Bkb,Gkos bJh okFNoh T[dwh Bhsh ~ ikoheoB dk fJj ;G s'I Y[etK ;wK j?.

ftFtheoB d/ s/} c?bkn B/ ;EkBen?; n?w Jh} d/ nzsookFNoh nkofEeskftu J/eheoB dh gqfefonk ~ s/} ehskj?. fJ; rshFhb pk}ko ftu, tgkotk;s/ @oDBhsh# ]k; wjZst oZydh j?.fJ; eoe/, ;EkBe T[dwhnK ~ nkgD/pqKv pDkT[D/ ukjhd/ jB iK w[ekpbkeoB d/ ;woZE j'D bJh nzsookFNohT[dwK Bkb GkJhtkbh gkT[Dh ukjhdh j?l;EkBe n?; n?w Jh} i' g[okD/ sohe/ dhfJefjoh d[ekB d/ sohe/ Bkb ezw eohik oj/ jB, ~ th nkgDh oDBhshspdhb eoB dh b'V j? ns/ nkgDhw[ekpb/pk}h ns/ tgkoe tksktoB ftu;[Xko eoB bJh jo/e w"e/ dk Gog{obkjk b?Dk ukjhdk j? sK fe tgkoetksktoB ;[Xo ;e/, tZyok pqKv pDkfJnkik ;e/ ns/ w[ekpb/pk}h ftu fBZyfonk ik;e/.

frnkB gqDkbhnK dk ftek;frnkB gqDkbhnK dk ftek;frnkB gqDkbhnK dk ftek;frnkB gqDkbhnK dk ftek;frnkB gqDkbhnK dk ftek;

T[dwh ftek; s/ nkw eoe/ ns/n?; n?w Jh ftek; bJh ]k; eoe/eotkJhnK nB/e y'iK B/ T[dwK d/ ftek;bJh ikDekoh d/ fBt/F dh nfjw G{fwek;kjwD/ fbnKdh j?. id fe toswkBikDekoh nkXkfos, nkofEesk ftu nfij/fBt/F wjZstg{oB jB, fbzr fJe j'owjZstg{oB gZy i'V fdzdk j?. ikDekohfJe wjZstg{oB ftek; ;o's ti'I T[Go e/;kjwD/ nkJh j?, ns/ fJj wzfBnk iKdkj? fe ikDekoh dh g{oh tos'I Gkoshftek; ~ BkNeh o\sko gqdkB eo ;edhj?. Gkos ftu ikDekoh g?dk eoB ns/ikDekoh #s/ nwb ftukb/ yZgk tX fojkj? fi; ~ m'; oDBhshnK Bkb GoB dhb'V j?.


nkofEe ftek; gqfefonk j'o f}nkdkikDekoh w[yh j' ojh j?. fJe jkbhnknB[wkB nB[;ko 50-60 gqfsFs ;ZBnshT[sgkdB ikDekoh #s/ nkXkfos j?. nkX[fBefBowkD ;ZBnsK r[DtZsk, bkrs ns/;wK s?n eoB ;zpzXh nkgDh ;cbskbJh ;{uBk gqpzXB #s/ th T[Bk jh fBoGoeodhnK jB fizBk T[sgkdB gqfefonktKd/ gqpzXB #s/. ;/tk y/so i' BthnKB"eohnK ns/ ftFt nkofEesk ftu ftek;dk ;G s'I tZvk ;o's j?, fpbe[b mhe jhikDekoh nkXkfos j?.

T[go tofDs gj[zu bJh ;{uBk gqpzXBns/ frnkB gqpzXB, d't/I }o{oh jB.;{uBk gqpzXB dk ;zpzX ;{uBk ~ v/Nkp/;dh Feb ftu ;zrfms eoB Bkb j?, idfe frnkB gqpzXB d{;fonK d/ ;gZFN ns/n;gZFN frnkB dk \kfJdk T[mkT[Dk j?feT[Ife T[BQK dk siopk g{o/ tgko ftutkXk ns/ pdbkn eo ;edk j?. fJ;gqeko, i/ gqpzXe fJ; dk mhe fJ;s/wkbeoB sK frnkB gqpzXB pj[s f}nkdknfjw s/ \kfJd/wzd j?. go fJj #eZbhnKgqfefonktK BjhI j' ;edhnK. ikohofjD:'rsk :ehBh pDkT[D bJh YKukrsgqDkbhnK ns/ gqfefonktK wjZstg{oB jB.

ftek; dh ekoi ;{uh frnkB dhnKuko gqfefonktK d/ nkXko #s/ j'Id ftunkT[Idh j? L

1) frnkB dh T[sgsh ns/ gqkgsh Lnfijk ftfrnkBe y'i, y'i s/ ftek;,seBkb'ih dh spdhbh, ;zrmB ns/;ZfGnkukoe gqEktK Bkb ;zGt j[zdk j?.

2) frnkB dk nB[e{bD L nfijkftF/F y/soK, b'VK ns/ ;zukbB tksktoBftu y'i okjhI j'Dk ukjhdk j?.

3) frnkB dk ft;sko L nfijkfrnkB fte;s ns/ nB[e{bD tkfbnKtb'I ;zrfms ns/ n;zrfms sohfenKokjhI j'Dk ukjhdk j? i' ;wki ftufrnkB ~ nwb ftu fbnkT[D bJh

f}zw/tko jB.

4) frnkB dk T[g:'r L nfijky/soK, eko]kfBnK, ebk; o{wK, j;gskbKns/ j'o ;ko/ y/soK ftu j[Bo d/ ekoiokjhI j'Dk ukjhdk j? sK fe ftjkoeBshi/ gqkgs j' ;eD.

Gkos d/ ;zdoG ftu fJj G{fwektKpj[s ;kohnK fXoK tb'I fBGkJhnK iKdhnKjB. fJE'I se fe fXoK d/ ;w{j nzdoth, tZy-tZy ;ZfGnkukoe gqEktK ns/ }o{oh;fEshnK jB. iBse ns/ fBZih y/soK s'IfBebD tkb/ fJ; frnkB ~ s/} o\skoftek; d/ bkG bJh ;KMk eoBk, nZi fJjfJe u[B"sh j?. ftjkoe gZXo #s/ }o{osfJ; rZb dh j? fe tZy-tZy nkofEewzsokfbnK ns/ ftGkrK d/ gq'rokwK ns/;ehwK dk ftnkge w[ZbzeD ehsk ikt/.n;b ftu, nfijhnK f}nkdkso ;ehwKiK sK |?o-gq;zfre jB iK ckbs{. fXnkBBkb ftukoh rJh iBse-fBZih GkJhtkbhokjhI fBZih y/so dh wjkos dk fJ;s/wkbjh e/tb fJ; jkbks ftu ;[Xko eo;edk j?. fJjh Y[etK ;wK j? fe Bhshnk:'r fJ; w[Zd/ #s/ pkoheh Bkb r"o eo/ns/ ftnkge w[V-rmB :'iBk dk ]kekfsnko eo/.

p[fBnkdh YKu/ dh G{fwekp[fBnkdh YKu/ dh G{fwekp[fBnkdh YKu/ dh G{fwekp[fBnkdh YKu/ dh G{fwekp[fBnkdh YKu/ dh G{fwek

d/F d/ nkofEe ftek; bJh fJenkX[fBe, uzrh soQK ;zrfms ns/ ftnkgep[fBnkdh YKuk gfjbh }o{os j?. ftZswzsokbk dk nB[wkB j? fe brGr 1 bZyeo'V d/ p[fBnkdh YKuk gqki?eNK ftud/oh j' u[Zeh j?. fJBQK gqki?eNK ~ bkr{eoB ftu j'fJnk bkrs ns/ ;wK ;hwkdk tkXk fJ; y/so dhnK xZN gqkgshnKdk fJe w[Zy ekoB j?. fBowkD;k}h y/so,fi; ftu fgSb/ e[M ;kbK d"okB pj[swzdh nkJh j?, ~ e[Zb xo/b{ T[sgkd ftunkgDh fjZ;/dkoh 15 s'I tXk e/ 25gqfsFs eoB dh b'V j? fi; Bkb 100fwbhnB d/ brGr j[Bowzd B"eohnK

g?dk j'D dh nk; j?. T[go'es toBDehs/ nB[;ko, BthI ;oeko B/ fgSb/ e[MwjhfBnK ftu p[fBnkdh YKuk ftek; ns/fBowkD;k}h y/so dh soZeh ~ fXnkB d/gqw[Zy y/soK ti'I gSkfDnk j?. Gkt/I feftd/FK s'I fBt/F ns/ BthI seBhe ~nkeofFs eoBk nfjw j?, go fJBQK dkBshik B"eohnK, y'iK ns/ Gkos ftufBowkD;k}h dh rfjokJh d/ o{g ftufBebDk ukjhdk j?. ftek;Fhb nkofEesktKftu ftd/Fh seBkb'ih ~ i}p eoB bJhY[et/I gqkgs eosktK dh b'V j?.

uhB ftu fBowkD BhshnK xo/b{wkbeh ns/ gqpzXB ;woEktK dh w}p{sh~ fXnkB ftu oZy e/ pDkJhnK iKdhnKjB. ftd/Fh ezgBhnK dk gqw[Zy vo fJjj[zdk j? fe uhB T[BQK dh p"fXe ikfJdkddh u'oh eo bt/rk. uhB dk ftFkbpk}ko j? i' ftd/Fh ezgBhnK ~ T[d'I thuhB ftu fNe/ ofjD bJh bbukT[Idk j?id'I uhBh ;oeko dhnK BhshnK, p"fXeikfJdkd d/ ;zpzX ftu, w[nk\e Bk j'D.n;b ftu, uhBh ;oeko nkJh gh nkofB:w nkgD/ fjsK ~ T[sFkj d/D bJhpDk ojh j?, fJ; ;o'eko eoe/ fe fJ;T[s/ bkr{ ehs/ ik oj/ ek~B w[Zy s"o s/ftd/Fh ezgBhnK d/ fjsK dh okyh bJhpDkJ/ rJ/ ;B. uhB ;oekoh J/iz;hnKd[nkok yohd d/ Yzr ~ d/;h seBkb'ihfte;s eoB bJh tos fojk j?. fJj;EkBe T[dwK d/ w[nk\e ns/ ftd/Fhw[ekpb/pk}h ~ ysw eoB bJh okFNohwkBeK dk sohek th nkgDk fojk j?.fJ; dh s[bBk ftu, nkJh gh nko d/;zpzX ftu Gkos dh ;fEsh w}p{s nkJhgh nko d/ ftFt jwkfJshnK d/ Bkb;feqnk ;ztkd oukT[D tkbh j'Dh ukjhdhj?. go, }o{oh BjhI fe nfijh tekbseoB tkb/ i' th gq;skt g/F eoB, T[;~ nkJh gh nko ehws dhnK ;ukJhnK d/o{g ftu ;theko eo fbnk ikt/. Gkos~ nkJh gh nko bJh p/jso o;s/ dh


sbkF eoBh ukjhdh j? sK fe ub ojhy'i ~ s/} ehsk ik ;e/.

Gkosh Bhsh fBowksktK bJh ;wKnk frnk j? fe okFNoh fBowkD oDBhsh~, jkbhnk ftFt nkofEesk ftu j'J/pdbktK d/ wZd/B}o, ;kD #s/ bkfJnkikt/, w[ekbpsB Gkos dh s[bBkswe;fEsh d/. Gkos dh ftek; ejkDh dh;fEosk fJ;/ #s/ fBoGo j?. ;k~, p/FZe,p[fBnkdh YKu/ ns/ gqpzXB dhnK ew}'ohnK~ d{o eoBk gt/rk. go, Gkosh ;ZBnsK~ T[sFkfjs eoB bJh ;k~ n"y/ Bhsh;tkbK ~ th jZb eoBk gt/rk ns/ fJjoDBhsh :'iBkfeqs nkofEesk dh BjhI j';edh. Bk jh uhB dh Beb eoB tkbhj' ;edh j?. fJj Gkosh Bhsh fBowksktKbJh uB"sh j?. fBowkD;k}h ftu Gkosh;woEktK ftu tkX/ bJh ;G s'I gfjbhwzr ftfrnkBe ns/ seBkb'ih p[fBnkdhYKu/ ~ w}p{s eoB dh j?.

nrb/ok o;sknrb/ok o;sknrb/ok o;sknrb/ok o;sknrb/ok o;sk

;KMh nkofEesk ftu p[fBnkdh YKukftek; ns/ fBowkD;k}h dh nfjwhns ~t/yfdnK, ;oeko fJBQK y/soK ftu ftek;dh F[o{nks bJh T[sgq/oe ti'I gqw[Zy G{fwekfBGk ;edh j?. 2015 d/ e/Idoh piNftu nkofEesk ~ T[u ftek; dh gNVh#s/ gkT[D bJh e[M edw u[Ze/ rJ/ jB.

;?eFB 80 nkJh J/ ftu, T{oikT[sgkdB bJh yksw/ dh wd, i' eofonkfJsK fdzdh j?, dh fwnkd 31 wkou2014 ~ ysw j' rJh ;h. fJ; ~ j'ogzi ;kbK bJh tXk fdsk frnk j?. xZN'-xZN ftebge eo (w?N) s'I S'N, i' nkws"o s/ eo S'N ~ ysw eo fdzdh j?, thBftnkT[D:'r ns/ otkfJsh T{oik y/sobJh Y[etK j[bkok gqdkB eo/rh.

w?N dhnK wdK sfjs eo dhndkfJrh s'I S'N, i' gfjbK ftF/F nkofEefyZs/ ns/ ftek;ekoK ~ T[gbpX ;h, ~2012 ftu tkg; b? fbnk frnk ;h.

fJ; dk toswkB fJekJhnK ns/ ftek;eosktK ftu uzrk gqGkt BjhI frnk fiBQK~ ;oeko d/ w[Yb/ tknd/ #s/ nkXkfosn?; Jh }?v} ftu seVk fBt/F ehsk;h. fJ; eoe/, w?N dh S'N ~ d[pkokbkr{ eoBk ukjhdk j? sK fe GftZyhfBt/F bJh fBt/FekoK dk wB'pb d[pkokpDkfJnk ik ;e/.

;?eFB 14 J/ dh wd ~ bkr{ eoBdk p[fBnkdh YKuk gqki?eNK #s/ pj[sn;o g?Idk j? i' p'bh dh gqfefonk okjhItzv/ rJ/ ;B ns/ fiBQK ~ wkbeh tkbhezgBh d/ j/mK ;g?Fb gog} tjheb(n?; gh th) ;Ekgs eoB dh b'V j[zdhj?. n?; gh th bJh g?;k fBt/F ns/eo}/ d/ ;[w/b s'I i[NkfJnk iKdk j?.;?eFB 14 J/ eo}/ s/ ndk ehs/ ftnkidh gqtkBrh BjhI fdzdk feT[Ife n?; gh thwkbeh gq's;kjB eoB tkbhnK ezgBhnK~ bkGK; fdzdk j? fi; dk y/so #s/B[e;kBd/j gqGkt g?Idk j? feT[Ife eo}/ dkg?;k jh gqw[Zy ;o's j[zdk j?. fJ; eoe/,fJ; wd dh em'osk ns/ nkgj[doh ~xZN eoB bJh e[M ;'XK }o{oh jB.

;ZBns dh fJe bzw/ ;w/I dh wzr;wkfie y/soK fit/I f;js ns/ f;Zfynk ~p[fBnkdh YKu/ dk o[spk d/D dh j?, i'y/so jkb/ se nDr"b/ oj/ jB. fBt/FeezgBhnK ftu g?;k bkT[D tkbhnK ftZshezgBhnK$p?IeK bzw/ ;w/I s'I ;?eFB 10(23ih)~ w[V ikfrqs eoB dh wzr eodhnK nkojhnK jB, i' gfjbK tkg; b? fbnkfrnk ;h, sK i' p[fBnkdh YKuk gqki?eNKd/ ftZsheoB bJh nkwdB eo s'I S'Ngqkgs j' ;e/. i/ fJj wzr wzB bJh iKdhj? sK p[fBnkdh YKuk ezgBhnK tb'I g?;kT[Xko b?D dh bkrs ~ xZN eoB ftuwdd fwb/rh.

;?eFB 32 J/ ;h T[; Bt/I gbKNns/ wFhBoh dh n;b bkrs #s/ 15gqfsFs eo S'N d/D bJh bkr{ ehsk

frnk ;h i' 31 wkou, 2013 s'I pknd

ns/ 1 ngq?b 2015 s'I gfjbK gqkgs eoe/brkJ/ rJ/ ;B, fi; dh e[Zb oew 100

eo'V o[gJ/ s'I tZX ;h. fJ; y/so ~}o{oh j[bkok d/D bJh, fBt/F GZs/ dk

;wK fszB ;kb eo d/Dk ukjhdk j?,fBt/F dh xZN'-xZN jZd xNkT[Dh ukjhdh

j? ns/ eN"sh dh wksok 25 gqfsFs setXk d/Dh ukjhdh j?.

nf;ZX/ eoK d/ gkf;T[I, ;eoko ~fJBQK gqw[Zy y/soK ftu fBt/F ~ T[sFkfjs

eoB d/ fJokd/ fpbe[b ;gZFN eo d/D/ukjhd/ jB. fw;kb ti'I, fvT{Nh doK,

S'NK ns/ d{i/ gq's;kjB i' fe;/ gqki?eN ~\kfJdk fwb/rk pifJ fe ubzs gqfefonk

o[ektNK d/ i' eodksk ~ nfij/ bkGb?Dk w[Ffeb eo fdzd/ jB.

p[fBnkdh YKu/ d/ ;ko/ y/soK Bkbpokpo ftjko fJe j'o y/so j? i' ;oeko

d/ fXnkB dh wzr eodk j?. T[dkjoDti'I, ezw d/ m/fenK bJh ;/tk eo, fit/Ife jtkJh nZv/, pzdorkjK, o/bt/ nkfd ~

S'N fdsh rJh j? go nfijh S'N d{i/nfjw p[fBnkdh YKu/ d/ y/soK fit/I gkDh,

T{oik, nktkikJh, ;hto/i nkfd ~ ;gZFNo{g ftu BjhI fdsh rJh j?.

fiE'I se fBowkD;k}h y/so dk ;zpzXj?, ;?Bt/N eq?fvN fB}kw ~ T[dko eoB

dh tZvh b'V j? sK fe :ehBh pDkfJnkik ;e/ fe eoK dk ftnkgheoB Bk j't/ i'

xo/b{ ;ZBnsK #s/ p/b'Vk p'M gkT[Idk j?.fJe j'o d[ydkJh w[Zdk i' ;ZBns dh

yohd dh bkrs ~ tXkT[Idk j?, T[j T[BQK;orowhnK #s/ d'jok eo j? i' n?bkBhnK

;/tktK ns/ t?N$;h n?; Nh d/ dkfJo/nXhB ;/tk eo d/ dkfJo/ ftu nkT[IdhnK

jB.

(b/ye vkfJo?eNo, fJz;NhfuT{N nk\ ;wkb

n?INogokJh}} n?Iv fvt?bgw?IN j?.)

e-mail :[email protected]



fBowkD w[yh ftek;, w[ekpb/pk}h s/ u[B"shnKfBowkD w[yh ftek;, w[ekpb/pk}h s/ u[B"shnKfBowkD w[yh ftek;, w[ekpb/pk}h s/ u[B"shnKfBowkD w[yh ftek;, w[ekpb/pk}h s/ u[B"shnKfBowkD w[yh ftek;, w[ekpb/pk}h s/ u[B"shnK

no{g fwsokno{g fwsokno{g fwsokno{g fwsokno{g fwsok

i d/ fte;s d/FK d/ siop/ s'Id/yhJ/ sK gsk brdk j? fe

T[BQK d/ nkofEe ftek; dk fJe w[ZyfBoXkoe T[d:'rheoB j?. ;fiowJh ns/t/o;g/rB (2011) B/ fte;s d/FK d/;zdoG ftu fJFkok ehsk j? fe 1990 s'I;ZBnsh t;sK dk T[sgkdB ftek; dkgfjbK Bkb'I n"yk o;sk pDdk ik fojkj?. t;sK d/ T[sgkdB dk f;Zfynk ns/nkwdB ftukb/ yZg/ ftu fJe fdbu;gn;o d/yD ~ fwb fojk j?. v/bk; ns/e"ph (2001) dbhb fdzd/ jB fe w}d{otor dk T[d:'rheoB nkofEe ftek; d/w[Yb/ gVkn ftu w[Zy ekoB j?. T[BQKw}d{o tor dh pDso T[go fBt/F dkn;o j'D T[s/ }'o fdsk j? ns/ jkb jhd/ ;w/I tKr Bk j' e/, fi; ftu ;k}-;kwkB ftu fBt/F okjhI ;ZBnsh T[sgkdBj'D dk dkntk ehsk frnk j?, T[BQK B/;[Mkn fdsk j? fe ftek;Fhb d/FK ftuo[}rko w[yh T[d:'rheoB BhshnK ;cbskdh e[zih j' ;edhnK jB.

ftFtheoB B/ d/FK ~ ftek; ftutkXk eoB bJh wip{o ehsk j?. ftek;dh fdFk tb b? ikD tkbhnK eJhBhshnK fiBQK ftu tgkoe y[ZbQkgB, ftd/Fhg{zih fBt/F dh nkwd ns/ seBkb'ihpdbkn ;w/s g{zih rshFhbsk FkfwbjB, tZv/ g?wkB/ #s/ ngDkJhnK rJhnKjB. fJj soe i' nkw s"o s/ seBkb'ihpdbkn d/ jZe ftu fdsk iKdk j?. T[jfJj j? fe i' gjhnk gfjbK jh ngDkfJnk

ik u[Zek j?, i/eo d/FK B/ bkrs fe\kfJshj'Dk j? sK w[V s'I T[; ~ y'iD dh b'VBjhI j?. T[d:'fre y/so ftu xZN o[}rkoftek; d/ ;zdoG ftu fJe wjZstg{oBsoe ftd/FK s'I tX/o/ wfjzrh seBkb'ihnk:ks eoBk j?. BthI seBkb'ih i'p[fBnkdh s"o s/ wfjzrh ns/ wjkos w[yhj? dk nk:ks, xZN j[Bo gqkgs ekfwnKdh pikfJ g{oh soQK j[Bo gqkgs ekohroKdh wzr tXk fdzdh j? (tZ[v 1997).

dbhb dh fJe j'o ;'u w}d{otor d/ wzvh B/wK T[go nkXkfos j?.Bhsh fBoXkoB eoB tkbh iwks dk nkws"o s/ ftFtk; j? fe Gkosh ;zdoG ftuw}d{o ek~B g{oh soQK g[okD/ j' u[Ze/ jBns/ B"eoFkjh d/ jZe ftu jB fi; dkn;o fJj j[zdk j? fe T[j xZN feosh;wk ;ed/ jB. fit/I fe ftFtk; ehskik fojk j?, nkofEe ftek; ns/ o[}rkog?dk eoB bJh feosh pk}ko ftubuehb/gB s'I fpBK fJe gkfJdko T[SkbBjhI nk ;edk. ftek; ;[XkoK dh g?otheoB tkb/, feosh pk}ko ~ B/w ofjseoB dh ek\h tekbs eod/ jB. nfijkfJ; bJh j? feT[Ife ftFtheoB ns/T[sgkdB ;orowhnK ftu pdbkT[, w}d{owzvh d/ BshfinK fit/I fe T[ios ns/feos T[sgkdB T[go n;o eo ;ed/jB. d{;o/, i' tX/o/ wjZstg{oB j?, j'o;[XkoK bJh, fit/I fe tgkoe ;[XkoK d/ekw:kp j'D bJh w}d{o wzvh ;[XkoK ~fJe gfjbk b'VhIdk nzr wzfBnk ik fojk

j? (j;B, 2003). ftdtkB b'e nkw s"os/ wzBd/ jB fe ftek;Fhb d/FK ftuw}d{o tor dhnK wzvhnK ezwekihotkfJsK, T[ios, ezw #s/ oZyD ns/ eZYd/D dhnK BhshnK nkfd d/ ;zdoG ftunkw s"o s/ eZNV jB ns/ fJ; dk d'FtoswkB feos ek~BK T[go wfVQnk iKdkj? (ckbB ns/ b{ek;, 1991). go j'oth pj[s ;ko/ ekoB jB i' fBt/F T[gon;o gkT[Id/ jB, fiBQK ftu'I w[Zy jB G{whT[gbpXsk, p[fBnkdh YKuk, j[Bo gqkgsekohro nkfd.

soe fJj fdsk iKdk j? fe pj[sgSV/ d/F y'i ns/ ftek; s'I xZN bkGT[mkT[Id/ jB fi; dk noE j? fe fJerohp d/F ftu nwho d/FK Bkb'I BthnKy'iK eoB bJh tX/o/ bkrs nkT[Idh j?.fJ; bJh fJ; y/so ftu d/o Bkb nkT[Dtkb/ bJh, d{;fonK s'I seBkb'ih yohdDknkgD/ nkg gjhJ/ dh w[V s'I y'i Bkb'I;;sk g?Idk j?, jkbKfe fJj nkw XkoBkj? fe nzsookFNoh seBkb'ih ;;sh BjhI.

fJe sh;ok soe, i' ]k; s"o s/g{osh d/ gZy'I fdsk ik fojk j? j[Bo dhxkN j?, fi; dk fJFkok feoshnK dhtZvh iwks bJh xZN o[}rko j'D tZbfJFkok eodk j?. j[Bo dh xkN pj[fsnK~ xZN T[sgkdB tkbhnK ;orowhnKftu bZr ikD s/ wip{o eodh j?. fJ;bJh Bhsh gZy'I B"eoh :'rsk ftu ;[Xkoftu w[Zy ;'u j?. fJ; bJh wjkosjk;b eoBk gfjbh Fos j? i' T[sw

nZnZnZnZnZ


doi/ dh f;Zfynk ns/ T[BQK ;z;EkBK ftuFkfwb j'D Bkb i' j[Bo gqkgsh dhf;ybkJh fdzd/ jB, s'I jk;b ehsh ik;edh j?. nfij/ seBkb'ih ;z;EkB i']k; s"o s/ fvgb'wk fdzd/ jB, pj[s xZNjB ns/ fJ; soQK ;oeko tb'I fJ; y/softu gfjb pj[s }o{oh j?. g/FktokBkf;Zfynk d/ gZy'I th tX/o/ e'fFF dh }o{osj?. j[Bo dh xkN d{o eoB bJh f;ybkJhd/D dk fJe j'o wjZstg{oB sohek j?.

fJ; sZE ~ ;kjwD/ oZyd/ j'J/ fe

Gkos ~ nkgDh tZvh nkpkdh bJh nrb/d; ;kbK ftu bkGekoh o[}rko d/ w"e/

g?dk eoB/ j'Dr/ i' j[Bo ns/ f;Zfynk dhtZy'-tZyoh gZXo T[go nkXkfos j'Dr/.

;ZBnsh t;sK dk T[sgkdB y/so fJ;o[}rko g?dk eoB dh gfjb d/ ftek;

dk fJziD j' ;edk j?. Gkos ftugkfJdko ftek; jk;b eoB d/ ;zdoG

ftu th, o[}rko g?dk eoB d/ Bkb-Bkb;ZBnsh t;sK d/ T[sgkdB ftu ftek;pj[s wjZstg{oB j?. fJ; bJh, tgko

ns/ T[d:'r wzsokbk d/ T[d:'fre Bhshns/ T[Bsh ftGkr B/ Gkosh ;ZBnsh

t;sK ;zpzXh T[sgkdB y/so dh n;b;woEk :ehBh pDkT[D bJh nfijk Bhshrs

tksktoB fsnko eoB dh gfjb ehsh i';ZBnsh t;sK y/so d/ s/}h Bkb ftek;

ftu ;jkJh j' ;edk j?. o[}rko-T[d:'rheoB BhshnK d/ wjZst ~ d/yd/

j'J/, i' fgZS/ fpnkB ehsk frnk j? ns/fJ; sZE ~ ;kjwD/ oZyd/ j'J/ fe Gkos

;zrfms y/so ftu tZv/ g?wkB/ #s/ o[}rkod/ w"e/ g?dk BjhI eo ;fenk, okFNoh

;ZBnsh t;sK T[sgkdB Bhsh fJe ;[BfjohfeoD d/ s"o s/ nkJh j?.

Gkos d/ jkbks, ftFth wzdh d/fgS'eV ns/ Y[et/I edw Bk u[ZeD dhFos ftu j'o th yokp j' ;ed/ jB.fJ; ;zdoG ftu, okFNoh fBowkD;k}hBhsh s'I 10 eo'V tX/o/ B"eohnK ns/

d/F d/ e[Zb xo/b{ T[sgkd dk 25 gqfsFsfjZ;k fJ; s'I g?dk j'D dh ;zGktBk g?dkj[zdh j?. Bhsh y/so d/ wkjoK dk efjDkj? fe xN ojh wzr ns/ g{zih T[gbpXskdh tX ojh bkrs d/yfdnK fJj Gkosftu ;ZBnsh t;sK T[sgkdB dh fe;wspdb ;edh j? ns/ ;w[Zu/ noEszso ~j[bkok d/ ;edh j?. BhshnK tksktoBns/ fe;ws pdb ;edh j? ns/ ;w[Zu/noEszso ~ j[bkok d/ ;edh j?. BhshnKtksktoB ns/ fB:we w[ZfdnK, feosek~BK ns/ eo gqDkbh dk ftnkge jZby'idhnK jB go okFNoh fBowkD;k}hfyZs/ ;Ekgs eoB dk gq;skt iK ;ZBnsht;sK T[sgkdB fJekJhnK ~ fJei[N eoBkT[d:'fre p[fBnkdh YKu/ ftu skbw/bfpmkT[Dk ns/ nkofEe ftek; jk;b eoBdk fJe nB'yk sohek j?. okFNoh ;ZBnsht;sK T[sgkdB fyZsk, ftFth gZXo d/p[fBnkdh YKu/ ns/ }'B ;Ekgs eoB d/nkXko #s/ G{wh tos'I, ;tZS ns/ T[g:'rhT{oik seBkb'ih tkb/ xZN'-xZN 5,000j?eNo y/socb d/ oep/ T[go ;Ekgsehs/ ikDr/. fJj |?o y/sh:'r G{wh ftufiE/ gkDh dh fpjso g{osh T[gbpXj't/, ;Ekgs ehs/ ikDr/ ns/ oki ;oekoKd/ sfjs ezw eoBr/, fJj B"eohnK d/DtkfbnK ~, B"eoh #s/ oZyD ns/ B"eohT[IeZY d/D ftu tX/o/ nk}kdh d/ e/ w}d{owzvh ftu tX/o/ buesk fbnkT[D dkwB'oE j?. fJj pzd j'D d/ erko #s/yVQhnK T[d:'fre fJekJhnK ~ pzd eoBdk ;"yk sohek th :ehBh pDkT[Idh j?.fJ; d/ Bkb-Bkb, fJj T[BQK feoshnK d/jZeK dh okyh th eodh j? fiBQk T[gobuesk d/ n;o dk ]sok wzvok fojkj't/. ;ZBnsh t;s{ T[sgkdB Bhsh dkfJe wjZstg{oB gfjb{ fJj th j? fefJj S'N/ ns/ dofwnkB/ T[dwK d/ ftZsns/ ftek; gq/oeK dk fXnkB oydh j?.w'N/ s"o s/, fJj Bhsh d/F d/ e[Zb xo/b{T[sgkd ftu ;ZBnsh t;sK dk fjZ;k 16

gqfsFs s'I tXk e/ 25 gqfsFs eod/D dk tkndk eodh j?.

go okFNoh ;ZBnsh t;s{ T[sgkdB

Bhsh dk T[d:'fre o[}rko ~ fJ; jZdse tXkT[D dk T[d/F FkfJd jk;b Bk

ehsk ik ;e/ feT[Ife fJ; y/so ftu;zrfms ;ZBnsh y/so dk fjZ;k BK wkso

jh j?. fJ; bJh |?o ;zrfms ;ZBnshT[sgkdB y/so ftu o[}rko ;woEk tXkT[D

pko/ ;'uDk th bkGekoh j't/rk ns/ fJ;bJh fJ; y/so ftu th T[sw fe;w dh

o[}rko ;woEk pDkT[Dh j't/rh. S'N/ ns/dofwnkB/ T[dwK ~ nkgDh ekoi e[Fbsk

dh gZXo, seBkb'ih, ftZs ns/ feoshnK d/j[Bo tXkT[D bJh fJe y'ih eqKsh fbnkT[Dh

j't/rh. tZv/ gZXo #s/ feT[Ife w}d{o torekfwnK tkb/ y/soK fit/I fe y[oke vZpkpzdh,

;hs/ j'J/ eZgV/ ns/ eZgVk T[d:'r, uwVkns/ i[Zsk T[d:'r ftu S'N/ ns/ dofwnkB/

T[dwK ftu 60 gqfsFs s'I th tZX w}d{otor feosh jB (eKs 2013), fJ; bJhw}d{o tor ygkJh y/soK ftu tX/o/ |?o

wjkos gqkgs ekfwnK dh ygs tb fXnkBd/Dk j't/rk. fJ; bJh T[BQK y/soK, fiBQK

ftu |?o wjkos gqkgs w}d{o tor ns/pj[s xZN T[d:'rheoB dh pj[sks j?,

w}d{o nkXkfos T[d:'fre t;s{ T[sgkdBtZb ftF/F fXnkB d/Dk j't/rk.

p[fBnkdh YKuk ew}'o j'D d/ w[Zd/,T{oik g{osh dh E[V, fBo:ks ftu pj[sxZN tkXk ns/ tX/o/ eoe/ w}d{oK T[gonkXkfos t;s{ fBo:ks y/so, Y[ethIseBkb'ih fte;s eoB bJh y'iK dhxkN ns/ T[BQK y/soK tZb fiBQK ftu em'obkb chskFkjh ftek;, o[}rko ns/ftd/Fh g{zih fBt/F nkeofFs eoB ftuo[ektN pDdh j? nfij/ y/so jB i' fpBKFZe pj[s wjZstg{oB jB. fBo:ks dknkofEe ftek; ftu pj[s wjZst j?.ftd/Fh w[dok ewkT[D ns/ T[; Bkb d/Fftu T[sgzB t;sK dh wzr tXkT[D dk


d'jok T[d/F tX/o/ fBo:ks eoB Bkbjk;b ehsk ik ;edk j?. go ;/tktK dkfBo:ks |?o j[Bo gqkgs feoshnK dhiwks bJh o[}rko ftu e'Jh ]k; tkXkBjhI eo ;edk (fwsok 2011). fJ;bJh ;ZBnsh t;sK dk fBo:ks jh ;w[Zukftek; fbnk ;edk j?.

]k; s"o s/ w}d{o tor gq's;kjBT[sgkdBK d/ fBo:ks Bkb nfijhnK t;sKd/ T[sgkdB ftu tkXk j' ;edk j? fi;Bkb y/shpkVh ftu'I ;ZBnsh t;sK T[sgkdBy/so tZb rJ/ feoshnK bJh tX/o/ o[}rkod/ w"e/ g?dk j' ;ed/ jB. w}d{o tordk xZN j[Bo nkXko j'D ekoB T[BQK B/T[uhnK T[sgkdB ;/tktK ftu brk b?DdhnK ;zGtkBktK th pj[s ;hws j[zdhnKjB. d{i/ gk;/, i/eo T[sgkds t;sK dhwzr BjhI tXdh sK ;ZBnsh t;sK T[sgkdBy/so ftu w}d{o tor dh ygkJh T[BQKdh nkwdB ftu tkXk BjhI eo ;edh.fJ; d/ Bkb-Bkb, tX/o/ T[ios s/ tX/o/B"eohnK th T[; ;{os ftu jh ;zGt j';edhnK jB i/ T[sgkdB th tX fojkj't/. fJ; B[es/ s'I, g{zih nkXko ftu;[Xko ns/ seBheh ftek; pj[s }o{ohjB. nkw s"o s/ ftFtk; ehsk iKdk j?fe seBheh ftek; bJh tX/o/ g{zih dhb'V j[zdh j? fi; Bkb w}d{o tor dhxZN ygkJh j[zdh j?. go e[ZM nfXn?BK s'IfJj th gsk brdk j? fe BthI y'i dkBshik jw/Fk jh T[sgkdB gqfefonk d/jo gVkn ftu tkX{ g{zih fBt/F BjhI j[zdk(fttko/bh 2011). i/ fJ; Bkb e[MgVktK ftu B"eohnK ftu ewh nk iKdhj? sK th e[ZM j'o gVktK ftu fJBQK d/tX ikD dhnK ;zGktBktK j[zdhnK jB.fJ; s'I fJbktk, BthI seBkb'ih ~ tZv/gZXo #s/ ngDkfJnk ik ;edk j? ns/BthnK fJekJhnK d/ j'Id ftu nkT[DBkb, fJj tZv/ gZXo #s/ T[sgkdB ftutkXk eo ;edh j?. fJ; ;G e[M tX/o/B"eohnK g?dk eo ;edk j?.

d{;ok w[Zdk T[uh ehws tkb/ T[sgkdBKd/ fBo:ks dk j?. eJh nfijhnK T[uhehws tkbhnK t;sK jB i' tX/o/ w}d{ow[yh j[zdhnK jB. nfijhnK t;sK dkT[sgkdB pj[s ;hws j[zdk j? feT[IfefJBQK dh ehws T[uh j[zdh j?. go nfij/T[sgkdB fte;s d/FK dhnK wzvhnK ftunk;kBh Bkb fte iKd/ jB. gZSwh d/FKdh o[uh ns/ ukjs nB[;ko fteoh :'r;kwkB pDkT[D Bkb, T[uh ehws dhnKt;sK dk fBo:ks tX ;edk j? fi; Bkbo[}rko ns/ ftd/Fh w[dok ewkT[D T[gouzrk n;o g? ;edk j?. (fit/I fe o/FwhXkr/ d/ pD/ gfjBD tkb/ eZgV/).

2013-14 ftu Gkos s'I fBo:ks #u2013-14 ftu Gkos s'I fBo:ks #u2013-14 ftu Gkos s'I fBo:ks #u2013-14 ftu Gkos s'I fBo:ks #u2013-14 ftu Gkos s'I fBo:ks #uj'D tkbhnK t;sK ftu ;ZBnshj'D tkbhnK t;sK ftu ;ZBnshj'D tkbhnK t;sK ftu ;ZBnshj'D tkbhnK t;sK ftu ;ZBnshj'D tkbhnK t;sK ftu ;ZBnshT[sgkdB t;sK (63H7 g q fsFs)T[sgkdB t;sK (63H7 g q fsFs)T[sgkdB t;sK (63H7 g q fsFs)T[sgkdB t;sK (63H7 g q fsFs)T[sgkdB t;sK (63H7 g q fsFs)g ? No 'b hnw gd koE ns / e Z u kg ? No 'b hnw gd koE ns / e Z u kg ? No 'b hnw gd koE ns / e Z u kg ? No 'b hnw gd koE ns / e Z u kg ? No 'b hnw gd koE ns / e Z u ks/b (20H1 gqfsFs), y/shpkVh ns/s/b (20H1 gqfsFs), y/shpkVh ns/s/b (20H1 gqfsFs), y/shpkVh ns/s/b (20H1 gqfsFs), y/shpkVh ns/s/b (20H1 gqfsFs), y/shpkVh ns/T[; Bkb ;zpzfXs t;sK dk fBo:ksT[; Bkb ;zpzfXs t;sK dk fBo:ksT[; Bkb ;zpzfXs t;sK dk fBo:ksT[; Bkb ;zpzfXs t;sK dk fBo:ksT[; Bkb ;zpzfXs t;sK dk fBo:ks(13H8 gqfsFs) ns/ e'b/ ~ SZv e/(13H8 gqfsFs) ns/ e'b/ ~ SZv e/(13H8 gqfsFs) ns/ e'b/ ~ SZv e/(13H8 gqfsFs) ns/ e'b/ ~ SZv e/(13H8 gqfsFs) ns/ e'b/ ~ SZv e/pkeh ykDK ns/ yfDi gdkoEK dkpkeh ykDK ns/ yfDi gdkoEK dkpkeh ykDK ns/ yfDi gdkoEK dkpkeh ykDK ns/ yfDi gdkoEK dkpkeh ykDK ns/ yfDi gdkoEK dkfBo:ksfBo:ksfBo:ksfBo:ksfBo:ks (1H8(1H8(1H8(1H8(1H8 g qfsFs)gqfsFs)gqfsFs)gqfsFs)gqfsFs) ;h;h;h;h;h (nkofEe(nkofEe(nkofEe(nkofEe(nkofEe;ot/yD 2013-14). go ;w[Zu/ ftFt;ot/yD 2013-14). go ;w[Zu/ ftFt;ot/yD 2013-14). go ;w[Zu/ ftFt;ot/yD 2013-14). go ;w[Zu/ ftFt;ot/yD 2013-14). go ;w[Zu/ ftFtftu Gkos ftu pDhnK t;sK dkftu Gkos ftu pDhnK t;sK dkftu Gkos ftu pDhnK t;sK dkftu Gkos ftu pDhnK t;sK dkftu Gkos ftu pDhnK t;sK dkfBo:ks pj[s E'VQk fjZ;k j? ns/fBo:ks pj[s E'VQk fjZ;k j? ns/fBo:ks pj[s E'VQk fjZ;k j? ns/fBo:ks pj[s E'VQk fjZ;k j? ns/fBo:ks pj[s E'VQk fjZ;k j? ns/fJ; ~ d{;o/ d/FK s'I ]sok th j?.fJ; ~ d{;o/ d/FK s'I ]sok th j?.fJ; ~ d{;o/ d/FK s'I ]sok th j?.fJ; ~ d{;o/ d/FK s'I ]sok th j?.fJ; ~ d{;o/ d/FK s'I ]sok th j?.T[dkjoD ti'I, Gkos ftu pD/ eZgfVnKT[dkjoD ti'I, Gkos ftu pD/ eZgfVnKT[dkjoD ti'I, Gkos ftu pD/ eZgfVnKT[dkjoD ti'I, Gkos ftu pD/ eZgfVnKT[dkjoD ti'I, Gkos ftu pD/ eZgfVnKd/ fBo:ks ~ pzrbkd/F s'I Gkohd/ fBo:ks ~ pzrbkd/F s'I Gkohd/ fBo:ks ~ pzrbkd/F s'I Gkohd/ fBo:ks ~ pzrbkd/F s'I Gkohd/ fBo:ks ~ pzrbkd/F s'I Gkohu[B"sh fwb ojh j?.u[B"sh fwb ojh j?.u[B"sh fwb ojh j?.u[B"sh fwb ojh j?.u[B"sh fwb ojh j?.

;{sh eZgfVnK d/ fBo:ks ftu th,fi; ftu fejk iKdk j? fe Gkos ekch;[ftXkiBe ;EkB #s/ j? ns/ fi; dk fJE'Id/ eZgVk fBo:ks ftu tZvk fjZ;k j?,e[ZM t;sK, fit/I fe w/}g'F ns/ s"bhJ/nkfd ~ SZv e/ pkeh pj[s/ T[sgkdBK ~uhB ns/ pzrbkd/F s'I ;ys w[ekpb/ dk;kjwDk eoBk g? fojk j? (towk 2002).

1990 d/ djke/ d/ F[o{ d/ ;kbKftu, Gkos ftu wfj;{b eo YKuk thpVk g/uhdk ;h i' 1991-92 ftu 128

gqfsFs dh do s'I xN e/ 2004-05 d/nzfsqw piN ftu 22H4 gqfsFs ofjfrnk. fJ; ;w/I d"okB, eZgfVnK d/ GkoT[go bZrD tkbk eo th n";s 72H5gqfsFs s'I xZN e/ 18H2 gqfsFs ofjfrnk. go fco th p/Fe eoK dh n";sdo ftu ewh nkJh. 2004-05 ftu eoKdhnK pj[s ;kohnK doK ;B i' f;\ogqfsFs s'I b? e/ 150 gqfsFs dhnK doKftueko br ojhnK ;B. fiBQK t;sKT[go 2004-05 ftu 100 gqfsFs iK T[;s'I tZX eo brdk ;h, T[BQK ftu Fkfwb;B e"\h, ukj, Fokp, fJso ns/ ;[rzXst;sK, yzv dhnK t;sK, nzr{o ns/ o;,w'No ekoK ns/ w'No ;kJheb nkfd. 50gqfsFs s'I 100 gqfsFs eo bZrD tkbhnKt;sK ftu Fkfwb ;B, ykD d/ s/b,eDe, u"b ns/ e[ZM j'o y/sh T[sgkdBnkfd. nk:ks wfj;{b eo do 2010ftu j'o xN rJh ns/ tZX s'I tZX dobrGr 10 gqfsFs ;h i' eJh T[sgkdBKfit/I fe T{oik T[sgkdB, wFhBK, d\sohwFhBK ns/ ;t?ukfbs vkNk gq';?f;zr wFhBK,d{o-;zuko ;k}-;kwkB, fpibh ns/ gfotjBt;sK, nkfd T[go bZr ojh ;h. Gkt/I;G s'I T[u gfjb tkb/ d/F bJh eoYKuk ek\h e[M d{;o/ d/FK d/ w[ekpb/ dkj? go fco th Gkosh |?o y/shpkVh t;sKT[go eoK ftu e[M ykwhnK jB (j'vkns/ okfJ 2014). Gkosh fBo:kseK ~eJh fe;w d/ d;skt/} th ;oekohd\soK ~ G/iD/ g?Id/ jB, fit/I fe b?Nonk\ eo?fvN, nr/sh ndkfJrh dk gqwkD,no}h ckow dk gfozN nkT{N, ftd/Fh g{zihd/F ftu G/iD dk ;oNhfce/N nkfd.fJ; d/ Bkb-Bkb ;oekoh d\soK d/uZeo th eZND/ g?Id/ jB i' fpBK FZeGkosh fBo:ks ;kjwD/ tZvh u[B"sh jB(Fowk 2014).

Gkosh tgko ~ d{;o/ d/FK ftuwkb fbik e/ oZyD dh ekotkJh s'I th

pkeh ;\k 16 T[`s/pkeh ;\k 16 T[`s/pkeh ;\k 16 T[`s/pkeh ;\k 16 T[`s/pkeh ;\k 16 T[`s/



fBowkD;k}h #u ikoh ofjD:'rsk s/ BthnK ekYK dh b'VfBowkD;k}h #u ikoh ofjD:'rsk s/ BthnK ekYK dh b'VfBowkD;k}h #u ikoh ofjD:'rsk s/ BthnK ekYK dh b'VfBowkD;k}h #u ikoh ofjD:'rsk s/ BthnK ekYK dh b'VfBowkD;k}h #u ikoh ofjD:'rsk s/ BthnK ekYK dh b'V

pkbfeqFBk ;hHokUpkbfeqFBk ;hHokUpkbfeqFBk ;hHokUpkbfeqFBk ;hHokUpkbfeqFBk ;hHokU

D-gSkDD-gSkDD-gSkDD-gSkDD-gSkD

ibtk:{ gfotosB ~ ftfrnkBes"o s/ wB[Zysk ~ dog/F rzGho ]so/ ti'I,ftFt dhnK ;z;EktK fit/I fe fJzNoB?FBbn?Boih J/iz;h (nkJh Jh J/), fwb/BhnwJhe'f;;Nw n;?;w?IN (n?w J/) ns/ ibtk:{gfotosB pko/ nzso-;oekoh g?Bb (nkJhgh ;h ;h) torhfeqs ehsk frnk j?.nfijh xNBk dk ekoB d[BhnK Go ftu;kbKpZXh rqhB jkT{; r?;K (ih n?u ih)dk fBek; j? i' tZy-tZy wkBth ;orowhnKd[nkok g?dk j[zdhnK jB. n;b ftu,ibtk:{ gfotosB, ;z;EkBK dh ewh ns/;zpzfXs gqGktK d/ BKj gZyh n;o dkn?bkB Gkos dh iB;zfynk xDsk, tZvk;w[zdoh sZN ns/ BkrfoeK dh GbkJh d/;zpzX ftu d{i/ gZyK ~ fXnkB ftu oZy e/ehsk ikt/rk. fBowkD;k}h nfijh jhfJe wB[Zyh ;orowh j? i' T[d:'fre eqKshd/ nkozG j'D d/ ;w/I s'I jh T[d:'fred/FK ns/ jkb jh ftu, uhB ns/ Gkostor/ T[Go oj/ pk}koK dh ohVQ dh jZvhdk nfjw nzr ojh j?. ftFtheoB dhy'i Bkb jh fJBQK T[Go ojhnK nkofEesktKnzdo pj[s ;ko/ fBowkD ekoi ehs/ ikoj/ jB i' fte;s d[BhnK dhnK pj[s;kohnK tZvhnK, ftd/Fh FkyktK d/ xojB. fBowkD;k}h ;orowhnK dh nfijhnkT{N;'of;zr B/ uhB ns/ Gkos tor/T[Go oj/ pk}koK d/ ftFkb fBowkD;k}hnkXko ~ j'o ;woZE ehsk j?.

Gkosh fBowkD;k}h y/so d/ itkB

j'D Bkb jh, 2012 dh fog'oN nB[;koftFt fBowkD;k}h #u 10 gqfsFs fjZ;/dkoh;h ns/ fJ; B/ 2014 ftu Gkos d/ e[Zbxo/b{ T[sgkd ftu 15 gqfsFs fjZ;kgkfJnk j?. fBowkD;k}h d/ B/V GftZyftu Gkosh e[Zb xo/b{ T[sgkd ftu tZvkfjZ;k gkT[Id/ B}o nkT[D eoe/, GkoshfBowkDekoK bJh ikoh ofjD:'rsk d/;zebgK ~ rba/ brkT[Dk pj[s nfjwj?. nfijk fJ; bJh feT[Ife uhB d/ BkbGkos ~ toswkB ftu rqhB jkT{; r?;Kd/ ;G s'I tZv/ fBek;ekoK ftu Fkfwbehsk iKdk j?. rqhB jkT{; r?;K dhnfijh tZvh fBek;h, fi; d/ B/V GftZyftu ikoh ofjD dh nk; j?, ftu ;oekotb'I o'eK ns/ gkpzdhnK Fkfwb j'DrhnKsK fe ekopB dh wksok ~ xZN ehsk ik;e/. j'o, ftFt tgko ftu ;[Xko bJhikoh ofjD:'r nkXkfos gqwkDheoB dhth b'V j?, r[DtZsk tkb/ T[sgkdK dh wzreoe/, i' T[sgkdB, tos'I ns/ ysw j'Dse ;k\ F[ZX j[zd/ jB. fJ; eoe/, ikohofjD:'r nkXkfos seBkb'ih ns/ ;/tktK~ fJ; fgZmG{wh ftu ibdh ngDkT[DBkb Gkosh fBowkDekoK dh fto'XhnK #s/bZs T[s/ j' ikt/rh.

ikoh ofjD:'rsk ns/ikoh ofjD:'rsk ns/ikoh ofjD:'rsk ns/ikoh ofjD:'rsk ns/ikoh ofjD:'rsk ns/

w/e fJB fJzvhnkw/e fJB fJzvhnkw/e fJB fJzvhnkw/e fJB fJzvhnkw/e fJB fJzvhnk

]k; eoe/ ;fEo ftek;, ;op gZyhftek; j? fi; dk e/Ido fpzd{ tksktoBgqfs F[ZX j'Dk j?. ibtk:{ gfotosB ns/;o'sK dh xkN, fi; ftu gkDh th Fkfwb

j?, ftFt Go ftu nkofEesktK ~ fJj;zebg ngDkT[D bJh T[sFkfjs eo oj/jB sK fe nkT[D tkbhnK B;bK bJhtXhnk ezw eoB tkbk rqfj SZv e/ikfJnk ik ;e/. ikoh ofjD:'r ftek;@gzx{V/-s/-gzx{V/# dh gjz[u j?, pikfJ fegzx{V/-s'I-epo d/, fi; ftu BftnkT[D:'r,g[Botos'I ns/ yokp g[of}nK ~ fBowkDd/ bJh ;orow o{g ftu tofsnk ikdkj? sK fe tksktoB #s/ xZN s'I xZN BKjgZyh gqGkt g?D ns/ uzrh r[DtZsk tkb/T[sgkd ns/ ;/tktK T[gbpX eotk e/;wki d/ ihtB gZXo ftu ;[Xko ehsk ik;e/. fJj r"o eoBk pDdk j? fe @gzx{V/s'I epo# se dh gj[zu ~ tfoQnK pZXhfJ;s/wkb ehsk ik fojk j? fiE/ bkGekoht/bk ftjk u[Ze/ T[sgkd ~ ;[ZN fdsk iKdkj?. ikoh ofjD:'r ftek; dh M'bh ftuGkosh fBowkD;k}h dh p/jsoh bJh pj[se[ZM j?. Gkosh fBowkD;k}h tb'I ;fEoskd/ n;{bK ~ ngDkT[D bJh ftZYh w[fjzwgqXkB wzsoh ;qh Bo/Ido w'dh dh @w/e fJzBfJzvhnk# bfjo ~ ;cb eoB ftu pj[sd{o se ikt/rh, fi; dk ;[gBk Gkos d/fBowkD;k}h YKu/ s/ gfoFd d/ nkX[fBeheoBbJh t/fynk frnk j?. fJ; Bkb GkoshfBowkD;k}h ;jh noEK ftu ftFtw[ekpb/pk}h dk jkDh j' ikt/rk. nfijkfJ; bJh feT[Ife uhB i' s/}h BkbT[d:'fre w[ekpb/pk}h ti'I T[Go fojk j?ns/ iowBh fJe T[d:'fre okFNo fi;dk T{oik :'iBk ~ n?Boiht/Iv/ nkfynkiKdk j?, tor/ d/F tZy-tZy y/soK, fi;

ikikikikik


ftu fBowkD;k}h th Fkfwb j?, ftuibtk:{ d/ gfotosB ~ xZN s'I xZNeoB bJh @;k\ seBkb'ihnK# ngDk oj/jB. Xosh ~ dog/F ;ezNK Bkb BfiZmDbJh ;tZS seBkb'ihnK ~ ibdh ngDkT[DBkb fJBQK d/FK ~ fBowkD ;wZroh ns/gqfefonktK pDkT[D ftu gfjb fwb rJhj? i' T[sgkfdesk tXkT[D d/ Bkb-BkbtksktoB bJh th ;jkfJe jB. f;ZN/ti'I, fJBQK d/FK d[nkok fJj seBkb'ihnKpDkT[D bJh bZrh d"V fBowkD ;orowhnKdh e[Fbsk ftu ;[Xko dk ekoB pD/rh,fi; Bkb fBowkD;k}h y/so dhnK bkrsKxZN j'DrhnK ns/ T[BQK dk w[Bk\ktX/rk. fJ; eoe/, ;tZS fBowkD;k}hseBkb'ihnK dk ftek; Gkos torh fte;sj' ojh nkofEesk tk;s/ F[ZG FrB j?, i/fJ; ftu'I ibtk:{ gfotosB d/ ]so/ ~wB\h eo dJhJ/. Gkosh fBowkD ftu;cbsk ;fjs ikoh ofjD:'rsk fbnkT[DBkb bkGekoh gqfefonktK ns/ nkX[fBewFhBh :zsoK dk ftek; j't/rk i' w'NorZvhnK, f;js ;zGkb ns/ g[bkV tor/y/soK bJh ;kd/ s'I b? e/ nfs-nkX[fBeg[o}/ pDkT[D bJh b'VhId/ jB. GkoshwFhB-N{b T[d:'r ~ ]k; eoe/ fJ; w"e/~ rqhB gqwkDheoB d/ jkDh :zsoK dk]kek pDkT[D ns/ T[sgkdB bJh jZE'IBjhI ikD d/Dk ukjhdk i' fBowkD;k}hYKu/ ~ tZvh w}p{sh d/Dr/. ikoh ofjD:'rfBowkD;k}h d/ ;zebg ftu ftfrnkBns/ fJzihBhno d/ Bkb y'i ns/ ftek;bJh nfs-nkX[fBe y'iK #s/ }'o fdskfrnk j? sK fe T[sgkd r[DtZsk ns/tksktoB #s/ xZN'-xZN gqGkt g?D d/NhfunK ~ jk;b ehsk ik ;e/. f;ZN/ ti'I,seBkb'ih ftu ftFt dh nrtkJh eoBs'I nrKj, ikoh ofjD:'r ftek; tZy-tZyj[Bo d/ gZXo s/ ;fjtosh nfs nkX[fBeikDekoh d/ nkXko Bkb o[}rko d/ w"e/g?dk eo/rk fi; dh d{i/ d/FK tb'I th wzrehsh ikt/rh. nyho ftu, Gkosh fBowkD;k}h

y/so ftu nfijk nkX[[fBeheoB d/F ~Bkrfoe ns/ oZfynk ekoiK ftu ;t?-fBoGo pDkJ/rk.

fBowkD;k}h y/so BthnK ekYK bJhth uzr/ w"e/ g/F eodk j? i' T[sgkd d/ftek; bJh }o{oh jB. nfij/ w"fenK dkfJe T[dkjoD T[d'I g?dk j[zdk j? id'I fe;/T[sgkd dk ]kek pDkT[Id/ ;w/I gqfefonkftu o[ektNK B}o nkT[IdhnK jB. fe;/T[sgkd ~ Bt/I f;foT[I pDkT[Dk, i' fJetXhe iK BthI Be'o ekY j' ;edh j?,nfijhnK o[ektNK ~ d{o eo ;edk j?.nfijhnK o[ektNK ;w[Zu/ o{g ftu fBowkDdh BthI gqfefonk ftu ;[Xko iK ]kekpDkT[D dk o;sk y'bQ ;edhnK jB.n;b ftu, nfijhnK y'iK tZv/ gZXo #s/fBowkD;k}h s'I fpBK d{;o/ y/soK #s/ thn;o gk ;edhnK jB. nwohek d/toswkB gqpzXB B/ fBowkD;k}h ;orowhnK~ d/F s'I pkjo G/iD ftu j'J/ B[e;kBdk nfj;k; eofdnK, fgSb/ tfoQnK ftufBowkD;k}h ekYK bJh fJe okFNoh B?Ntoe(n?B n?B n?w nkJh) dh ;EkgBk ehsh j?i' nwoheB ;ojZdK nzdo fBowkD;orowhnK ;hws eoB ~ T[sFkfjseo/rk. j'o, ;o'sK dh ewh d/ ubfdnKy'i y/so ftu Gkos dh skes dk fiE/;zGt j't/, Y[ethnK ns/ fe\kfJsh ekYKd/D bJh, fJ;s/wkb eoBk ukjhdk j?.fe\kfJsh T[sgkd, i' r[DtZsk ftu tXhnkns/ Gkosh ;wki dh gj[zu ftu j'D, d/fBowkD bJh ek\h ;zGktBktK jB, fi;Bkb b'eK dk ihtB gZXo T[uk u[Zfenk ik;edk j?. fJ; ;zpzX ftu, fJzihBhnfozrftu fe\kfJs d/ jkbhnk ekoi, i' }whBhtosko/ se ;hws BjhI jB, r"o eoBtkb/ jB. fJBQK ekYK dh fe\fJsh fe;w;fEo ftek; ftu wddrko ;kps j't/rhi' ftFt Go dhnK gqc[Zbs j' ojhnKnkofEesktK ftu ikoh ehs/ rJ/ f}nkdksoT[sgkd ns/ ;/tktK ~ ;Ekfgs eoB ftu;jkJh j'DrhnK.

tX/o/ y'i s/ ftek; dh b'VtX/o/ y'i s/ ftek; dh b'VtX/o/ y'i s/ ftek; dh b'VtX/o/ y'i s/ ftek; dh b'VtX/o/ y'i s/ ftek; dh b'V

e[Zb fwbk e/, Gkosh fBowkD;k}hy/so ~ j'o tX/o/ d/;h y'i ns/ ftek;eoB dh b'V j? sK fe ikoh ofjD:'rftek; d/ f;XKsK Bkb fBowkD;k}h ~i'fVnk ik ;e/. Gkos dhnK tX ojhnK}o{osK g{ohnK eoB s'I fpBK, nfijhnKy'i s/ ftek; ;orowhnK Gkosh fBowkD-;k}h y/so ~ d[BhnK Go ftu, ;k\ ns/rqhB seBkb'ih d/ wkwb/ ftu, uhB s/j'o fte;s d/FK tKr, w'joh pDkd/DrhnK. Gkosh fBowkD y/so d/ ekfJnkebg bJh Gkos e'b y'i d/ FkBdkoe/Ido jB. y'i d/ e/Ido ;ze/s fdzd/ jBfe f;Zfynk ;z;EkBK, fit/I fe nkJh nkJhNh, fJzvhnB fJz;NhfuT{N nk\ ;kfJz;ns/ d{i/ gqw[Zy f;Zfynk ndkfonK ~ nkgDhFkBdko f;Zfynk gqDkbh ns/ y'iekoK d/Gzvko, ns/ tZy-tZy oZfynk ns/ |?o-oZfynk Bkb ;zpzfXs gq:'rFkbktK ~ fwbke/ jzGbk wkoBk ukjhdk j?. Gkosh fBZihy/so (fiBQK ftu'I pj[s ;kohnK ezgBhnKftFt gZXo dhnK jB, okFNoh gq:'rFkbktKns/ f;Zfynk ftdtkBK ftukb/ fJe w}p{srmi'V fJ; Nhu/ ~ jk;b eoB ftunfjw G{fwek fBGkJ/rk.

ikoh ofjD:'r fBowkD;k}h bJhikoh ofjD:'r fBowkD;k}h bJhikoh ofjD:'r fBowkD;k}h bJhikoh ofjD:'r fBowkD;k}h bJhikoh ofjD:'r fBowkD;k}h bJh;zGkfts y/so;zGkfts y/so;zGkfts y/so;zGkfts y/so;zGkfts y/so

fBowkD;k}h d/ otkfJsh y/soK ftuy'i s'I fpBK, Gkosh f;Zfynk irs ns/T[d:'r e[M nkX[fBe seBb'ihnK #s/ thnkgDk fXnkB e/Idfos eo ;ed/ jB.3-vh SgkJh dh y'i iK fBowkD dhseBkb'ih nfijhnK seBkb'ihnK jB fiBQKB/ fgSb/ djkfenK nzdo T[BQK B/ g[of}nKd/ fBowkD ftu fJBebkp fbnKdk j? i'w[Zy s"o s/ |?o-Xks{ ;wZroh s'I pD/ j[zd/jB. fiE'I se XksK dk ;zpzX j?, fJjseBkb'ih jkb/ gqkuhB nt;Ek ftu jh j?,]k; eoe/ f;js ;zGkb ns/ g[bkV fij/nfjw y/soK ftu tos/ ikD tkbh Xks{


;wZroh d/ ;zpzX ftu, nk; j? B/V GftZyftu otkfJsh fBowkD gqfefonktK BkbpD/ T[sgkdK dk ;wK xZN eoB ns/fjZ;/-g[o}/ ~ w[ezwb eoB bJh otkfJshgqfefonk dk fJ;s/wkb eoB dh ;woZEkj?, fit/I fe toswkB ftu tZy-tZy y/soK,fiBQK ftu g[bkV ftfrnkB th Fkfwb j?,ftu fBowkD;k}h bJh 3-vh SgkJh tkb/fjZ;/-g[of}nK dh tos'I ehsh ik ojh j?.fJ; eoe/, ikoh ofjD:'rsk pko/ GkoshgZy s'I d/yhJ/ sK tos'I:'r fBowkD;k}hbJh j'o f}nkdk y'i ns/ ftek; #s/ }'od/D dh }o{os j? sK fe xZN ekopBwksok ns/ xZN eZuk wkb tos e/ ;;s/ns/ fe\kfJsh T[sgkd pDkT[D dh ;woZEkdk G/s y'fbQnk ik ;e/. fe\kfJsh, ;fEoskns/ nkX[fBe seBkb'ihnK dh y'i dk fJj;[w/b ;kvh ftbZyD gj[zu th j' ;edh j?i' d{;o/ d/FK ~ fBo:ks ehsh ik ;edhj?. j'o, fBowkD gqfefonk ~ pdb d/Ddh pikfJ fjZ;/-g[of}nK dh w[ozws bJhth ;"fynK jh tofsnk ik ;edk j?. w[ozwsdh fJj ;"y ikoh ofjD:'r fBowkD jhgzx{V/-s'I-gzx{V/ tkb/ ;zebg d/ nB[e{b j?.j'o nZr/, :'rkswe fBowkD seBheK BthI;wZroh ~ pDkT[D ns/ iKu goy ftuth ;jkJh j[zdhnK jB fiBQK d/ r[D j'oekoiK bJh th bkj/tzd j' ;ed/ jB.

d{;o/ y/so i' fXnkB dh wzr eod/jB, T[BQK ftu o'p'N Bkb ;t?ukbB,pBkT[Nh u"e;h, tZv/ nzeV/ ns/ ebkT{vezfgT{fNzr Fkfwb jB. fJBQK ;ko/ y/soKftu Gkosh fBowkD;k}h gfoFd d/nkX[fBeheoB dh ;woZEk j?, ikoh ofjD:'rftek; d[nkok ;kvhnK b'VK dh g{osheoB ;w/I. go, fJBQK Bt/I ;zebgK ~ fJ;d/F ftu T[gbpX tZy-tZy j[Bo gZXoK #s/w"i{d w}d{oK d/ tZv/ Gzvko dh g[Zm thd/;h j't/rh.

(b/ye nf;;N?IN gq'c?;o, nkJh nkJh Nhwdok; d/ fJzihBhnfozr fv}kfJB ftGkr

ftu u/BZJh fty/ j?.)


B[e;kB T[mkT[Dk fgnk j?. iBtoh 1995s'I i{B 2010 se, Gkos fto[ZX ehshnK90 wkb vzg eoB dhnK ekotkJhnK ftu'I,22 o;kfJDK Bkb ;zpzfXs ;B, 19 gbk;fNeBkb, 11 eZgVk T[d:'r Bkb ns/ 26 Xks{T[sgkdBK Bkb (w[Zy s"o s/ b'jk ns/;Nhb) fJj T[j y/so jB fiBQK #u Gkosw[ekpbsB bkGekoh ;fEsh ftu j? (Gkosdh tgko Bhsh ohthT{ fog'oN 2011).

ftd/Fh tgko Bhsh 2009-14 dh2009 ftu n?bkBh rJh ;h, fi; t/b/ftFtftnkgh fBo:ks ftu wzdh ;h (fJzvhnkNo/v gkfb;h ohthT{ fog'oN 2011). fJ;Bhsh dk bzwh fwnkd dk T[d/F ;h 2020se ftFtftgnkgh tgko ftu Gkos dkfjZ;k d[ZrDk eoBk fi; bJh o[}rkogqXkB y/soK fit/I fe eZgVk T[d:'r, uwVk,d;sekoh t;sK nkfd T[go ftF/F }'ofdsk frnk j?. fJ; wzst dh g{oshbJh, GKs-GKs dhnK T[u doik t;sKT[sgkdB eoB dh b'V ;h. fBo:ks bJhBt/I fNekD/ y'iD dh th b'V j? feT[Ife2007-08 s'I Gkos d/ tgko #u e'Jh fdFkw[yh spdhbh BjhI nkJh j? ns/ fJ; d/f;yo d/ 15 tgkoe GkJhtkbK Bkb e[Zbtgko dk brGr 60 gqfsFs fjZ;k j?.

eko'pko eoB ftu nkT[D tkb/ tkX{you/ ns/ bZrD tkb/ pj[s ;w/I d/ w[ZfdnKBkb BfiZmD bJh fBo:ks ftu eko'pkohyou/ pko/ ekoi db dk 2009 fturmB ehsk frnk ;h. fJ; Nk;e c'o;B/ eko'pkoh you/ xZN eoB bJh 44 w[Zd/gSkD/ ;B, fiBQK ftu'I j[D se 21 w[ZfdnKT[go ekotkJh ehsh ik u[Zeh j? (Gkos dhtgko Bhsh ohthT{ fog'oN 2011).

e[Zb ekoe T[sgkfdesk ftek;, ]k;s"o s/ T[BQK T[d:'rK ftu fiBQK ftu

fBo:ks tXD dh ek\h ;zGktBk j? iKfiBQK ftu ;w[Zu/ nkofEe ftek; bJhfBo:ks tXkT[D dh b'V j?, ekch jZdse tXkT[Dk j't/rk, fpBK e[Zb ekoeT[sgkfdesk ftek; jk;b ehs/, Gkosh;k}-;kwkB ftFt w[ekpb/ ftu nkT[D dh;zGktBk ~ tXkfJnk BjhI ik ;edk. e[Zbekoe T[sgkfdesk ftek; d/ w[Zy wkgejB p[fBnkdh YKuk (G"fseh, ftZsh ns/;wkfie) ns/ tgkoe y[ZbQkgB, nzsookFNohtgko se fJekJhnK dh gj[zu, ]k; s"o s/bx{ ns/ ;{yw fJekJhnK dh ;kXBT[gikfJesk ns/ e[Zb ekoe T[sgkfdeskd'jK ftu tkXk :ehBh pDk ;edh j?.Gkosh t;sK ~ w[ekpbsB tX/o/ uzrkpDkT[D bJh ;w{jheoB d/ bkG ~ thtos'I ftu fbnkT[Dk ukjhdk j?. nkws"o s/ ;w{jheoB Bkb tgkoe ndkfonKdh T[sgkfdesk ftu tkXk j[zdk j? ns/fJ; bJh T[sgkdB ;orowh d/ ;w{jheoBbJh ;zihdk e'fFFK eoBhnK ukjhdhnKjB. id'I g[okD/ ;w{fje fJeZm ftu;zfsqgh j' ikt/ sK nfij/ Bt/I ;w{fjefJeZm eoB dh b'V j[zdh j? fi; ftuiBse fBt/F fJe w[Zy w[Zdk j?. T[d:'rd/ ft;fsqs g;ko ~ pdbDk j't/rk sK i'T[BQK y/soK ftu fiE/ FfjoheoB wZmk fojkj?, Bt/I ;w{j ;Ekgs ehs/ ik ;eD. fJ;soQK d/ Bt/I sohfenK Bkb, bkrs xZNeoB dk bkG T[mkfJnk ik ;edk j?.;w[Zu/ s"o s/, Gkosh ;ZBnsh T[sgkdBt;sK d/ fBo:ks ;kjwD/ p/F[wko w[FfebKjB go i/ Gkos B/ ;w[Zuk ftek; jk;beoBk j? sK fJ; nZr/ j'o e'Jh ftebgth BjhI j?. fJ; dk jZb w[Zy s"o s/;ZBnsh fBowkD;k}h d/ ftek; ftu jhj? i' T[sgkfds t;sK d/ fBo:ks BkbtXkfJnk ik ;edk.

(b/ye fJz;NhfuT{N nk\ fJeBkfwe rq'E,

fdZbh fty/ ezw eo fojk j?.)


;\k 13 dh pkeh;\k 13 dh pkeh;\k 13 dh pkeh;\k 13 dh pkeh;\k 13 dh pkeh



feos ek~B s/ Gkos dk fBowkD;k}h y/so Lfeos ek~B s/ Gkos dk fBowkD;k}h y/so Lfeos ek~B s/ Gkos dk fBowkD;k}h y/so Lfeos ek~B s/ Gkos dk fBowkD;k}h y/so Lfeos ek~B s/ Gkos dk fBowkD;k}h y/so L ;[XkoK dh }o{os;[XkoK dh }o{os;[XkoK dh }o{os;[XkoK dh }o{os;[XkoK dh }o{os

d/tkFhF fwsokd/tkFhF fwsokd/tkFhF fwsokd/tkFhF fwsokd/tkFhF fwsok

D-gSkD

Gkos w}d{oK dh Gog{o pj[skstkbk d/F j?, w}d{oh w[yh fBowkD;k}hw[Zy s"o s/ S'N/, @n;zrfms# iK |?og{zihfeqs fJekJhnK ftu f}nkdk j? fiBQKe'b seBkb'ih BKwkso j[zdh j? id fe@;zrfms# fBowkD y/so dhnK f}nkdksoT[sgkdB ;orowhnK g{zih w[yh jB(gkBkrohnk, 2008 ns/ e'SV 2006).fJ; soQK, w}d{oK dh pj[sks ns/ tZvhiB;zfynk ns/ fJ; dh nkofEesk d/pkti{d th, w}d{oh w[yh T[sgkdK d/ftFt pk}ko ftu Gkos dh fjZ;/dkohpj[s wkw{bh j?. id fe e[ZM fNZgDhekowkVh ekor[}koh dk mheok Gkos d/ em'ow}d{o pk}ko d/ fB:wK d/ f;o GzBd/jB, i' fJ; d/ gqfspzXe fB:wBK ftu'IT[gid/ jB, d{finK dh dbhb j? feGkosh tgko B/ fJBQK ek~BK s'I gkogkT[D dk okj bZG fbnk j?.

fJ; b/y ftu, Gkos d/ fBowkDfJ; b/y ftu, Gkos d/ fBowkDfJ; b/y ftu, Gkos d/ fBowkDfJ; b/y ftu, Gkos d/ fBowkDfJ; b/y ftu, Gkos d/ fBowkDy/so ftu o[ektN pDB tkb/y/so ftu o[ektN pDB tkb/y/so ftu o[ektN pDB tkb/y/so ftu o[ektN pDB tkb/y/so ftu o[ektN pDB tkb/w}d{o fB:wK dh G{fwek, i/ j?w}d{o fB:wK dh G{fwek, i/ j?w}d{o fB:wK dh G{fwek, i/ j?w}d{o fB:wK dh G{fwek, i/ j?w}d{o fB:wK dh G{fwek, i/ j?sK, w}d{o ;[XkoK dh ;zGkthsK, w}d{o ;[XkoK dh ;zGkthsK, w}d{o ;[XkoK dh ;zGkthsK, w}d{o ;[XkoK dh ;zGkthsK, w}d{o ;[XkoK dh ;zGkthb'V ns/ d{ihnK Bhshrs f;\koFKb'V ns/ d{ihnK Bhshrs f;\koFKb'V ns/ d{ihnK Bhshrs f;\koFKb'V ns/ d{ihnK Bhshrs f;\koFKb'V ns/ d{ihnK Bhshrs f;\koFKdh gVu'b eoKr/.dh gVu'b eoKr/.dh gVu'b eoKr/.dh gVu'b eoKr/.dh gVu'b eoKr/.

Gkos ftu feos d/ fB:wGkos ftu feos d/ fB:wGkos ftu feos d/ fB:wGkos ftu feos d/ fB:wGkos ftu feos d/ fB:w

Gkosh w}d{o wzvh ftu em'osktKw[Zy s"o s/ t/bk ftjk u[Ze/ w}d{oh fB:wKs'I T[gidhnK jB i' pj[s gqfspzXe jBfeT[Ife fJj wzr ns/ seBkb'ih T[Eb-

ikikikikik g[Eb gqfs fJekJhnK ~ w}d{oK dh ftt;EkeoBk w[Ffeb eo fdzd/ jB. brGr200 feos ek~BK ftu, fiBQK ftu 52e/Idoh n?eN Fkfwb jB (Grtsh ns/gkBkrohnk, 2013), ;G s'I f}nkdk gqfspzXe,i' f;o\ fJe jh BjhI, T[j T[d:'freMrfVnK pko/ n?eN (nkJh vh J/) j?.fJ; n?eN sfjs 100 s'I f}nkdk ekfwnK~ o[}rko d/D tkbh cow bJh ekfwnKdh SKNh eoB bJh nkgD/ oki dh;oeko e'b'I nkfrnk b?Dh }o{oh j?. fJjnkfrnk ed/-edkJhI jh fwbdh j?. fJ;d/ Bkb jh, T[d:'fre o[}rko (;EkJhnkd/F) n?eN ezw d/ t/ot/ ftu ;'XK ns/nzso-eko]kBk pdbhnK (eJh okiK ftu100 ekw/ ns/ eJhnK ftu 50) ~ pj[sjh w[Ffeb iK n;zGt pDk fdzdk j?.No/v :{BhnB n?eN sfjs ;Zs ekfwnK ~b? e/ fJe s'I tZX eowukoh ;zrmB fJefJekJh ftu pDkJ/ ik ;ed/ jB. fit/Ife n;hI ;'u ;ed/ jK, eowukoh ;zrmBKdh pj[sks wkbeK bJh fJe ;zGkftsw[;hps tkbh jkbs pD iKdh j?. No/v:{BhnB n?eN eowukoh ;zrmBK ~ jVskb#s/ ikD ns/ wkbeK Bkb ek~Bh MrV/ dhjkbs ftu ekfwnK dh gqfsfBXsk eoBdk jZe fdzdk j?. feT[Ife fJ; ek~Bsfjs eowukoh ;zrmB pDkT[D bJhxZN'-xZN ;Zs ekfwnK dh b'V j[zdh j?,e[dosh j? fe fJj ;Zs ekfwnK s'I xZNtkbhnK cowK #s/ bkr{ BjhI j[zdk. fJT[I,fJj n?eN fJekJhnK ~ S'Nk ofjD, ]k;

eoe/ w}d{o w[yh T[d:'rK ftu, bJhT[sFkfjs eodk j?.

pj[s ;ko/ j'o th feos ek~B jB,fit/I fe eowukoh oki phwk n?eN, c?eNohn?eN, eowukoh GftZy e'F ns/ c[NebgqktXkB n?eN, xZN'-xZN T[ios n?eN,iD/gk bkG n?eN nkfd, i' o[}rko d/tZy-tZy nkozGe gZXoK #s/ bkr{ j' iKd/jB ns/ pj[s ;ko/ ;z;EkBK #s/ bkr{ j[zd/jB (Grtsh ns/ gkBkrohnk, 2013).fJj feos ek~B xZN'-xZN ezw d/ jkbksns/ bkGK dk T[b/y eod/ jB.

nkf]o, m/e/ s/ w}d{oh pko/ n?eNj?, i' m/e/ #s/ oZy/ w}d{oK dh tos'I dkfB:wB ns/ gqfspzXB eodk j?, fi;eoe/ cowK tb'I ;EkJh ns/ m/e/ #s/ oZy/ekfwnK dh pdbh ;hws ns/ n"yh j'iKdh j?, xZN'-xZN ek|}K ftu. fJj fJenfijk o;sk j? fi; Bkb cowK nkgDhbkrs xZN eo ;edhnK jB. e[M ]k;ezwK bJh m/e/ #s/ w}d{o Gosh eoB dhwBkjh j?.

feT[Ife T[d:'fre ;zpzXK dk y/soGkos d/ ;zftXkB d/ ftfFnK dh ;wotsh;{uh ftu Fkfwb j?, oki ;oekoK nkJhvh J/ ftu nkgDhnK ;'XK eoB d/ ;woZEjB, Gkt/I fe fJj fJe e/Idoh (;zxh)n?eN j?. j'o, w}d{oh ek~BK ~ bkr{eoBk okiK d/ nfXeko y/so ftu nkT[Idkj?. fJ; soQK, tZy-tZy okiK ftu w}d{opk}ko em'osk ftu ek\h fGzBsk j?.


sk}k w}d{o ;[Xko gfjbedwhnKsk}k w}d{o ;[Xko gfjbedwhnKsk}k w}d{o ;[Xko gfjbedwhnKsk}k w}d{o ;[Xko gfjbedwhnKsk}k w}d{o ;[Xko gfjbedwhnK

nk}kdh gqkgsh s'I fgSb/ seohpB;ko/ ;w/I ftu jh okiK d[nkok w}d{oek~BK ftu ;'XK ehshnK rJhnK jB sKfe T[BQK okiK nzdo fJBQK ek~BK ~ iK sKwkbeK gZyh iK ekfwnK gZyh, e/Idoh fB:wKd/ w[ekpb/ pDkfJnk ik ;e/. fJ; dknkXko ;zpzfXs oki ;oekoK dk ftukoXkoeM[ekn j?. fgSb/ ;w/I s'I T[bN, w}d{oek~BK ftu'I sk}k pdbkn f;ZXk ftd/FhfBt/F nkeofFs eoB d/ ;zdoG ftu j'oj/ jB ns/ YKukrs ;[Xko ns/ f}nkdkT[dko tgkoe fB}kw ;Ekgs eoBk thfJBQK dk wzst j?.

oki;EkB ;oeko dhnK jkb jh ftuehshnK ;'XK B/ nkJh vh J/ sfjs ekfwnKdh SKNh dh ;hwk jZd tXk fdsh j?.fJ; sfjs fJj frDsh 100 s'I tXk e/300 eo fdsh rJh j?. fJ; ftuc?eNoh n?eN sfjs fe;/ cow dh o[}rkod/D bJh gziheoB dh ;hwk th tXk fdshrJh j?, i/ T[go fby/ w[skpe, fJe fB:wj? i' ezw d/ xzfNnK, ezw d/ fdBK, xZN'-xZN T[wo nkfd fijhnK pj[s ;kohnKFosK bkT[Idk j?. Bkb jh, oki;EkB fe;/gqfsfBX eowukoh ;zrmB d/ gziheoBbJh o[}rko dh ;hwk 15 gqfsFs s'I tXke/ 30 gqfsFs eo fojk j?. nfijkpdbkn gqpzXeh ns/ w}d{oh dk T[sgkdexZN eo ;edk j? i' ;fjwsh pDkT[Dns/ pj[s ;kohnK :{BhnBK d/ MrV/fBgNkT[D ftu popkd j' iKdk j?, oki;oeko tb'I Fkfrodh n?eN ftu ehsh;'X j[Bo d/ ftek; ~ s/} eo/rh, wsbpfi; ~ noEFk;soh @wB[Zyh g{zih pDkT[Dk#nkyd/ jB.

e/Ido ftu w}d{o ;[XkoK pko/ pj[sxZN ;orowh j'Jh j?. f;ZN/ ti'I, nfij/;[Xko eoB dk tZvk p'M oki ;oekoK #s/gkfJnk ik fojk j?. e/Ido ;oeko tb'IfJ; ;zpzX ftu e[ZM nfjw uh}K i'

ehshnK rJhnK jB, T[BQK ftu jkb jhftu J/ehfeqs t?p g'oNb dh ;EkgBkeoBk j? fiE/ T[d:'fre cowK 16 e/Idow}d{o n?eNK Bkb ;zpzfXs gkbDk fog'oNKnkgD/ nkg doi eo ;edhnK jB.nfij/ t?p g'oNb #s/ pfDnk pDkfJnkfj;kp-feskp dk szso j'D dh T[whd j?i' s?n eo/rk fe feBQK cowK ftu fJz;g?eNoKdk d"ok eoBk pDdk j?. fJ; eoe/, fJjekotkJh fJz;g?eNo oki s'I d{o fbikT[Dtkbh j?, feT[Ife fJ; ;zpzX ftu fJz;g?eNoKd/ n]fsnko, F'FD ns/ yib-yokph ftuek\h ewh nkt/rh.

jkb jh ftu g q kt hv ? I N \ zvjkb jh ftu g q kt hv ? I N \ zvjkb jh ftu g q kt hv ? I N \ zvjkb jh ftu g q kt hv ? I N \ zvjkb jh ftu g q kt hv ? I N \ zv

dh spdhbh ~ b? e/ ehs/ rJ/dh spdhbh ~ b? e/ ehs/ rJ/dh spdhbh ~ b? e/ ehs/ rJ/dh spdhbh ~ b? e/ ehs/ rJ/dh spdhbh ~ b? e/ ehs/ rJ/

e/Idoh ;[Xko w}d{oK dh rsh-e/Idoh ;[Xko w}d{oK dh rsh-e/Idoh ;[Xko w}d{oK dh rsh-e/Idoh ;[Xko w}d{oK dh rsh-e/Idoh ;[Xko w}d{oK dh rsh-

Fhbsk ~ T[sFkfjs eoBr/ feT[IfeFhbsk ~ T[sFkfjs eoBr/ feT[IfeFhbsk ~ T[sFkfjs eoBr/ feT[IfeFhbsk ~ T[sFkfjs eoBr/ feT[IfeFhbsk ~ T[sFkfjs eoBr/ feT[Ife

gqkthv?IN \zv dh spdhbh wkbeKgqkthv?IN \zv dh spdhbh wkbeKgqkthv?IN \zv dh spdhbh wkbeKgqkthv?IN \zv dh spdhbh wkbeKgqkthv?IN \zv dh spdhbh wkbeK

~ ekfwnK tb' I B"eoh pdbD~ ekfwnK tb' I B"eoh pdbD~ ekfwnK tb' I B"eoh pdbD~ ekfwnK tb' I B"eoh pdbD~ ekfwnK tb' I B"eoh pdbD

;w/I T[BQK dk \zv spdhb eoB;w/I T[BQK dk \zv spdhb eoB;w/I T[BQK dk \zv spdhb eoB;w/I T[BQK dk \zv spdhb eoB;w/I T[BQK dk \zv spdhb eoB

ftu ;jkfJe j't/rh. e/Ido ;oekoftu ;jkfJe j't/rh. e/Ido ;oekoftu ;jkfJe j't/rh. e/Ido ;oekoftu ;jkfJe j't/rh. e/Ido ;oekoftu ;jkfJe j't/rh. e/Ido ;oeko

tb'I Fkfrodh n?eN ftu ehshnKtb'I Fkfrodh n?eN ftu ehshnKtb'I Fkfrodh n?eN ftu ehshnKtb'I Fkfrodh n?eN ftu ehshnKtb'I Fkfrodh n?eN ftu ehshnK

;'XK j[Bo d/ ftek; ~ T[sFkfjs;'XK j[Bo d/ ftek; ~ T[sFkfjs;'XK j[Bo d/ ftek; ~ T[sFkfjs;'XK j[Bo d/ ftek; ~ T[sFkfjs;'XK j[Bo d/ ftek; ~ T[sFkfjs

eoBrhnK. Bkb jh, fit/ I feeoBrhnK. Bkb jh, fit/ I feeoBrhnK. Bkb jh, fit/ I feeoBrhnK. Bkb jh, fit/ I feeoBrhnK. Bkb jh, fit/ I fe

ftZs wzsoh d/ sk}k piN GkFBftZs wzsoh d/ sk}k piN GkFBftZs wzsoh d/ sk}k piN GkFBftZs wzsoh d/ sk}k piN GkFBftZs wzsoh d/ sk}k piN GkFB

ftu f}eo ehsk frnk j?, @j[Boftu f}eo ehsk frnk j?, @j[Boftu f}eo ehsk frnk j?, @j[Boftu f}eo ehsk frnk j?, @j[Boftu f}eo ehsk frnk j?, @j[Bo

d/ ftek;# bJh j[D fJe wzsokbkd/ ftek;# bJh j[D fJe wzsokbkd/ ftek;# bJh j[D fJe wzsokbkd/ ftek;# bJh j[D fJe wzsokbkd/ ftek;# bJh j[D fJe wzsokbk

pDkfJnk frnk j? i' ibdh jhpDkfJnk frnk j? i' ibdh jhpDkfJnk frnk j? i' ibdh jhpDkfJnk frnk j? i' ibdh jhpDkfJnk frnk j? i' ibdh jh

j[Bo gqkgsh ~ j[bkok d/D bJhj[Bo gqkgsh ~ j[bkok d/D bJhj[Bo gqkgsh ~ j[bkok d/D bJhj[Bo gqkgsh ~ j[bkok d/D bJhj[Bo gqkgsh ~ j[bkok d/D bJh

nfjw gfjbedwhnK dk n?bkBnfjw gfjbedwhnK dk n?bkBnfjw gfjbedwhnK dk n?bkBnfjw gfjbedwhnK dk n?bkBnfjw gfjbedwhnK dk n?bkB

eo/rk.eo/rk.eo/rk.eo/rk.eo/rk.

fJj B'N eoBk wjZstg{oB j? feekfwnK ~ SKNh ehs/ ikD #s/ bkJhnKgkpzdhnK n;b ftu pkjo fBebD dho[ektN d/ s"o s/ ezw eodhnK jB. Bkbjh, Gkosh cowK ~ jw/Fk rzGho s/f;ZXhnK fBek;h o[ektNK dk ;kjwDkeoBk fgnk j?, fiBQK dk ekoB nkX[fBefdtkbhJ/gB d/ ek~BK dh ewh j?. fJj

fBek;h dhnK o[ektNK, pdb/ ftu BthnKcowK ~ iBw fdzdhnK jB (xo/b{ s/ftd/Fh) i' Gkosh pk}ko ftu dk]b j'Ds'I fMiedhnK jB. nk; j? fJ; ;wZf;nk~ @fdtkbhJ/gB d/ ek~B ftu ;[Xko#eoe/ xZN gqGkth pDkfJnk ikt/rk. fJ;tk;s/ nkX[fBe fdtkbhJ/gB dk fJe ;o'spDkfJnk ikt/rk i' ftZs wzsoh d/ piNGkFB w[skpe @ek~Bh fBFfussk ns/o\sko# b? e/ nkt/rk. nkT[Id/ wkbh ;kbftu T[BQK tk;s/ fJj ;G s'I T[u gfjbj't/rh.

feos fB:wK dk nkofEefeos fB:wK dk nkofEefeos fB:wK dk nkofEefeos fB:wK dk nkofEefeos fB:wK dk nkofEe

ekor[}koh #s/ n;oekor[}koh #s/ n;oekor[}koh #s/ n;oekor[}koh #s/ n;oekor[}koh #s/ n;o

fit/I fe T[go f}eo ehsk frnk j?,tZy-tZy okiK tb'I e/Ido tb'I gk; ek~BKftu tZy-tZy gfotosB ehs/ rJ/ jB.Bkb jh tZy-tZy okiK ftu fJBQK #s/ nwbeoB dh shposk th tZy-tZy j?. fJ;Bkb okiK nzdo w}d{o wzvh gqfspzXehftu fGzBsk nkT[Idh j? fi; ~ y'iekoKtb'I fJj iKu eoB bJh tofsnk ik;edk j? fe fBowkD;k}h y/so dh nkofEeekor[}koh ftu, fit/I fe cow$gbKN gZXoiK T[d:'r iK ;w{fje gZXo #s/ tZy-tZyokiK ftu \oe nkT[Idk j? fiBQK dhw}d{o pk}ko bue ftu \oe j?. p/;b/ns/ porh; (2004) fJ; gqeko dhgfjbh y'i ;h. e[Zb gzihfeqs fBowkDT[sgkdB, fBt/F, o[}rko ns/ T[sgkfdeskpko/ oki gZXoh nzefVnK dk fJ;s/wkbeoe/ T[BQK B/ gkfJnk fe fJj ;ko/ fGzBskd/ ekoe eowukoh gZyh (gqfspzXe iKem'o) w}d{o fB:wK Bkb xZN j' rJ/.n;zrfms (|?o-gzihfeqs) fBowkD;k}h pko/ssekbh i'VK B/ w}d{o fB:wK Bkbfpbe[b T[bNk ;zpzX fdykfJnk, fJjdo;kT[Idk j? fe n;zrfms y/so T[jftek; nZr/ s'odk j? i' ;zrfms y/so d/w}d{o pk}ko dhnK em'osktK eoe/ dfpnkfgnk j[zdk j?. nkT[D tkbhnK y'iK |?o-


;w{fje nzefVnK dh f}nkdk tos'I eoe/fJ; ezw ~ j'o nZr/ tXkT[IdhnK jB.

j;B, r[gsk ns/ e[wko (2009)oki d[nkok T[d:'r gZXo #s/ fJe y'i j?.T[j y'i eod/ jB fe xZN w}d{ogqfspzXe fB:wK tkb/ okiK B/ pkeh okiKd/ w[ekpb/ w}d{o w[yh T[d:'rK ns/ e[Zbo[}rko d/ wkwb/ ftu E'VQh soZeh ehshj?. fJe j'o f}nkdk |?o-;w{fje y'ij;B ns/ izv'e (2013) tb'I ehsh rJhj? fi; ftu T[BQK B/ ;zrfms ns/ n;zrfmsfBowkD cowK d/ nzefVnK ~ fJeZfmnKehsk j?. T[BQK ~ gqfspzXe w}d{oh fB:wKtkb/ okiK ns/ d{finK ftukb/ cow o[}rkotzv ftu e'Jh th \oe B}o BjhI nkfJnk.go id'I T[BQK B/ f;o\ w}d{o w[yh y/soKtZb fXnkB e/Idfos ehsk sK 0-9 ekfwnKtkbhnK fJekJhnK dk fjZ;k gqfspzXe w}d{ofB:wK (ekfwnK gZyh) okiK ftu o[}rkodk fjZ;k ekch tZX j? pikfJ fe d{i/(wkb-gZyh) okiK ftu ek\h xZN j? (brGr60 pBkw 40 gqfsFs). fJj doik 200s'I tZX ekfwnK tkbhnK fJekJhnK ftuT[bNk j' iKdk j? (brGr 10 pBkw 25gqfsFs). id'I T[j T[u ns/ fBwB YKu/tkb/ okiK dh s[bBk eod/ jB sK T[BQK ~e[ZM th nB'yk BjhI bZGdk. T[BQK dh y'idk fJe fdbu;g gfjb{ fJj j? feidfe Gkosh eZgVk T[d:'r ftu o[}rkof}nkdkso S'NhnK \owK se ;hws j? (9s'I xZN ekw/ oZyD tkbhnK), uhBh eZgVkT[d:'r pj[s tZvhnK fJekJhnK (2000 s'ItZX ekw/ oZyD tkbhnK) se ;hws j?.

v'joNh, fcq;Ku' o'pb} ns/ feqFBk(2014) tb'I g/F jkbhnk g/go, fi; ftugbKN gZXo d/ nzeV/ ns/ U Jh ;h vho[}rko ;[oZfynk sohe/ fJ;s/wkb ehs/rJ/ jB (T[BQK tb'I ;zrfms ns/ n;zrfmsd'jK y/soKI, tZy-tZy ekoiK ns/ T[BQK d/nwb ns/ fBrokBh ~ c?bkn d/ wkwb/ftu ;G s'I ftnkge ;wfMnk frnk j?)

do;kT[Id/ jB fe w}d{o w[yh T[d:'rKns/ tZvh nko}h wzr dk ;kjwDk eooj/ T[d:'rK (fiBQK ~ ne;o bkrsftt;Ek dh b'V j[zdh j?) dh e[Zb ekoeT[sgkdesk, d{finK d/ w[ekpb/ xZN gqfspzXew}d{o ek~BK tkb/ okiK ftu n";sB11-14 gqfsFs tZX j[zdh j?.

w}d{o fB:wK ns/ ftFtheoBw}d{o fB:wK ns/ ftFtheoBw}d{o fB:wK ns/ ftFtheoBw}d{o fB:wK ns/ ftFtheoBw}d{o fB:wK ns/ ftFtheoBftukb/ ;ztkdftukb/ ;ztkdftukb/ ;ztkdftukb/ ;ztkdftukb/ ;ztkd LLLLL f;XKs ns/ ;p{sf;XKs ns/ ;p{sf;XKs ns/ ;p{sf;XKs ns/ ;p{sf;XKs ns/ ;p{s

gqfspzXe w}d{o fB:wK d/ BKjtkuegqGktK pko/ T[go fds/ ;p{s ~ t/yfdnKfJj j?okBh tkbh rZb BjhI fe Gkos ftuw}d{o w[yh T[d:'r, tgko ns/ f;ZX/ftd/Fh fBt/F d/ fB}kwK, w}d{o w[yhT[d:'rK ftu S'Nh gZXo d/ okyt/IeoB dkykswk, bkfJ;z; w[es ns/ pj[-ckJhpogqpzX nkfd dk ykswk ns/ tZv/ ;[XkoK d/pkti{d s/}h Bkb ftek; BjhI j' oj/(t/y' Gkrtsh ns/ gkBkrohnk, 2013).j'o, nf;Zfyns w}d{o w[yh y/so, fit/IykD-ghD tkb/ gdkoE, t;so, eZgVk,coBhuo nkfd dk fgSb/ d' djkfenKd"okB e[Zb xo/b{ T[sgkdB ftu fjZ;kbrGr ;EkJh iK jbek fijk froktNtkb/ gk;/ fojk j?, id fe j[Bo w[yh ns/g{zih w[yh T[d:'r fit/I nkN'w'pkJhb,g?No'bhnw, s/b ;'X, fJzihBhnfozr t;sK,d{o-;zuko, dtkJhnK, ftZs, ;k\Nt/no nkfdf}nkdk s/}h Bkb fte;s j'J/ jB ns/Gkos fBo:ks ftu fjZ;k 1990-91 d/41 gqfsFs d/ w[ekpb/ 2007-08 ftu 65gqfsFs se tX frnk j? (dk;, tkXtkns/ ebhsk, 2009).fJ; d/ T[bN, Gkosftu w}d{oK dh pj[sks, ,tgkoe T[dkoheoB(i' nkw s"o s/ pj[b bkrsK iK T[sgkdBd/ ekoeK dh tos'I dhnK ;orowhnK ftuwjkos dk ekoB pDd/ jB) eoe/ pkehn;fEosk d/ w[ekpb/ w}d{o w[yhfBowkD;k}h dk ft;Eko j'Dk ukjhdk;h. n;b ftu, t;soK d/ wkwb/ ftuGkos ftFt pk}ko dk nkgDk fjZ;k

pzrbkd/F ~ j"bh-j"bh ns/ uhB ~ pj[ss/}h Bkb r[nk fojk j?. fit/I fe T[gof}eo ehsk frnk j?, uhBh eZgVk T[d:'rftu o[}rko f}nkdkso tZvhnK fJekJhnKftu ;hws j? (jo/e ftu 2000 s'I tZXekw/), Gkosh t;so T[d:'r S'NhnKfJekJhnK (9 s'I xZN ekw/) ftu j?, fi;Bkb wjZstg{oB g?wkB/ d/ noEuko/ dkB[e;kB j' fojk j?. e'Jh j?okBh tkbhrZb BjhI fe t;soK d/ y/so ftu Gkosdh ekor[}rkoh pzrbkd/F s'I th fes/wkVh j?, i' pj[s f}nkdk rohp d/F j?fi; dh T[`u rohph do, xNhnk YKukns/ T[u fGqFNkuko gZXo j?. fJj s[bBkGkos d/ gqfspzXe w}d{o fB:wK tb'IfBGkJh iKdh BKj gZyh G{fwek dk tZvk;{ue j?.

d[BhnK d/ d{i/ GkrK d/ w[ekpb/em'o w}d{o fB:w Gkos d/ s[bBkswe\kfJd/ ns/ w}d{o w[yh cowK dh ekor[}koh#s/ fet/I n;onzdk} j[zd/ jB< f;ZX/ w}d{obkrsK tXkT[D s'I fJbktk, gqfspzXe w}d{ofB:w cow d/ nkeko #s/ th T[go dZ;/nB[;ko n;o gkT[Id/ jB (t/y' gkBkrohnk,2001). w}d{o w[yh cowK dk S'Nknkeko T[BQK ~ g?wkB/ dh nkofEesk s'I\kfJdk T[mkT[D s'I o'edk j? fi; eoe/w}d{o w[yh fBowkD;k}h ftu Gkos dks[bBkswe \kfJdk xZN j' iKdk j?.

jkb jh ftu, e[M fNZgDhekoK tb'IeZY/ f;ZfNnK d/ T[bN, o[}rko dfjbh}K#s/ fJBQK cowK dh fJBQK ek~BK BkbfJeZsoheoB dh nDj'Id dk fJj wsbpBjhI fe fJBQK fB:wK d[nkok bkJhnKgkpzdhnK wzBD:'r BjhI jB.

w}d{o w[yh cowK ftu seBkb'ihdh u'D iK tZv/ gZXo #s/ T[sgkdB wzrd/T[sgkd dh u'D ~ nfij/ fB:wK eoe/Ykj bZr ;edh j?. S'N gZXo dhnKT[sgkdB seBheK iK T[sgkd i' fJBQKfB:wK eoe/ cowK ~ u[DB/ g?Id/ jB, dk


;ot'sw o[}rko dk nkeko j' ;edk j?i' fw;kb d/ s"o s/ nkJh vh J/ wkgdzvKBkb'I fes/ S'Nk j't/rk. Bkb jh, fJBQKfB:wK #s/ nwb th nX{o/ sohe/ Bkb j'fojk j?. fJ; dk wsbp j? fe ek~BhwkgdzvK dh T[bzxDk fJz;g?eNoK dhnKB}oK ftu iK sK nkt/rh BjhI iK fcoT[BQK ~ B}onzdk} eo fdsk ikt/rk.

gqfspzXeh tkb/ w}d{o fB:w cowK

~ nkgD/ fBt/F ftu wzr ns/ seBkb'ihd/ fj;kp Bkb ;wk:'iB eoB s'I o'ed/

jB. tgko dh jk}oh ftu fJ; dkxo/b{ cowK #s/ w[ekpbsB f}nkdk gqGkt

gt/rk pikfJ fe d{i/ d/FK dhnK cowK d/fiE/ w}d{o pk}ko dh em'osk e'Jh ;wZf;nk

BjhI j?. tgko d/ \kfJd/ b?D bJh }o{ohj? fe tZy-tZy T[d:'rK ftu ns/ fJe

T[d:'r ftubhnK cowK ftu w}d{oK dhw[V-tzv tZvh wksok ftu j't/. d'tK soQK

dh w[V-tzv, nzdo{Bh ns/ nzso T[d:'r~ gqfspzXe w}d{o fB:wK dk fFeko j'Dkg?Idk j?. fJj ek~B cowK ~ tZvh

frDsh ftu gZe/ ekw/ Gosh eoB s'IfBoT[s;kfjs eod/ jB ns/ T[BQK ~ eZu/

ns/ m/e/ #s/ eowukoh oZyD tZb XZed/jB fiBQK e'b ezw pko/ f;ZyD ns/ cow

bJh b'VhId/ j[Bo ~ f;ZyD dk ;hwsgq's;kjB j[zdk j?. Bkb jh, fJj fB:w

cow ~ g{zih w}d{oh Bkb pdbD tZbs'oBr/, wsbp, nzs ~ T[j T[sgkdB

dhnK g{zih w[yh seBheK dh f}nkdk tos'IeoBr/ ns/ jo/e T[d:'r ftu g{zih w[yh

fe;wK dk tZX T[sgkdB eoBr/. fJ;soQK fJj ek~B Gkos dh ekoe pj[bsk

nkXkfos s[bBkswe \kfJd/ d/ fto[ZX ezweoBr/ i' w}d{oh w[yh fBowkD ftu j?

ns/ fJ; d/ tgko d/ \kfJfdnK #s/ n;ogkT[Dr/.

nZr/ n;hI nzsookFNoh tgko ns/w}d{o ek~BK ftukb/ ;ztkd ns/ cowdh ekor[}koh fBoXkos eoB bJh

fJ; ;ztkd d/ nB[Gth ;p{sK pko/ rZbeoKr/. fwsok ns/ T[okb (2008) tgkoe;[XkoK dk, d' nzeK tkb/ tZy-tZy T[d:'rKftu, 1988-2000 ;w/I dofwnkB 15 tZv/okiK ftu, T[sgkfdesk tXkT[D dk n;ot/yd/ jB. fJj n;o pkeh d/ buetkb/ w}d{o pk}ko tkb/ okiK Bkb'I 33gqfsFs f}nkdk ;h. r[Dkswe s"os/, nfij/ n;o o[}rko, T[sgkdB, t?fbT{n?fvN, g{zih ;Nke ns/ fBt/F ftu thgkJ/ rJ/ jB. fJ; eoe/, e'Jh j?okBhBjhI fe ;[zdow, nfj;kB ns/ fwsok(2013) dk wBzDk j? fe tgkoe T[dkoheoBo[}rko, T[sgkdB ns/ t?fbT{ n?fvN;/tktK ~ (buehb/ w}d{o pk}ko tkb/okiK d/ w[ekpb/) gqfspzXe w}d{o pk}koKtkb/ okiK ftu f}nkdk j[bkok fwfbnk j?fiE/ n;zrfms T[d:'rK ftu gzi iK fJ;s'I tZX ekw/ ezw eod/ jB. fJ; s'I gskbrdk j? fe tgko }ohJ/ T[s;kfjs;zrfms y/so dk ftek;, i' gqfspzXew}d{o ek~Bh dh w}d{oh j/m j?, ftun;zrfms fBowkD y/so eoe/ E'VQk T[SkbnkfJnk j?.

fit/I fe T[go fpnkB ehsk frnk j?,tgko ns/ w}d{o fB:wK ftukb/ ;zpzX ~gfjb/ d/ ekoe shpsosk #s/ n;o ~t/yD Bkb j'o ;wfMnk ik ;edk j?,feT[Ife ekoe shposktK ekoe pj[bskBkb i[V e/ tgko ftu ftF/Fsk ns/s[bBkswe \kfJdk fBoXkos eodhnK jB,pdb/ ftu tgko s'I gqkgshnK, T[d:'rKns/ d/FK tZb t/yfdnK j;B, fwsok ns/;[zdow (2013 J/) efjzd/ jB fe w}d{opk}ko dhnK ykwhnK, i' gqfspzXe w}d{ofB:wK s'I T[gidhnK jB, ]k; eoe/ ezw#s/ oZyD #s/ SKNh eoB d/ fB:wK ~ fwbke/, xZN'-xZN T[ios dk fB:w ns/ o[}rko\kfJd/, fJj ;ko/ fBowkD y/so d/ tZy-tZy T[d:'rK ftu g{zih shposk ftu tkX/Bkb i[V/ j'J/ jB, ]k; eoe/ nf;Zfynsw}d{o w[yh T[d:'r ns/ T[j T[d:'r

fiBQK dh wzr s/ seBhe fJzBh e[ n;fEoj? fe ne;o w}d{o ;wk:'iB dh wzreodh j?. fJ; eoe/ e'Jh j?okBh BjhI fej;B, fwsok ns/ ;[zdow (2013 ph) dkefjDk j? fe Gkos T[sgkdB dhnK g{zihw[yh seBheK dk f}nkdk fJ;s/wkb eodkj?, pikfJ fe i' fJ; d/ ftek; d/ gZXons/ uhB tb'I ek|} ns/ SgkJh, uwVk,opV ns/ gbk;fNe, o;kfJDe gdkoE,|?o-Xks{ yfDi, nkXko Xks{, Xks{ T[sgkd,fpibJh :zso, g?No'bhnw nkfd tk;s/GftZypkDh ehs/ rJ/ ;B.

fJe j'o w}d{o pk}ko dk pdbkni' tgko ns/ w}d{o pk}ko dh gqfspzXehs'I gqGkts j?, T[j j? p/o[}rkoh dh.j;B, fwsok, oziB ns/ nfj;kB,(2012)okiK ftu tgko T[dkoheoB d/ n;o ti'Ip/o[}rkoh xND dk ;p{s bZGd/ jB,fiBQK okiK #u buehb/ w}d{o pk}ko jBfiE/ brGr 37 gqfsFs n;b p/o[}rkohfroktN dk ekoB tgko T[dkoheoB ~dZf;nk frnk j?. p/o[}rkoh pko/ fJjBshi/ j;B, fwsok ns/ okwk;tkwh (2007)dh y'i d/ BshfinK d/ w[skpe jh jB.T[BQK tb'I 1988-1997 d/ ekbyzv bJhokiK tb'I d' nzeK d/ T[d:'fre nzefVnKdk fJ;s/wkb ehsk j? fi; ftu dZf;nkfrnk j? fe tgkoe ;[XkoK Bkb o[}rkoftu froktN s'I Tios ftu tkX/ tZbekotkJh ftu ;zfyns s"o s/ ek\h tkXkj'fJnk j?. fJj ekotkJh$j[zrkok ns/ fJ;ftu tkXk (tgkoe T[dkoheoB eoe/)buehb/ w}d{o pk}ko tkb/ okiK ftuf}nkdk ;h (fiE/ w}d{o ek~B xZNgqfspzXe jB). fit/I fe o"vfoe (1997)B/ dbhb fdsh j?, fJj ekotkJh ekfwnKdh ;"d/pk}h eoB dh Fesh ~ fdykT[Idhj? i' tgkoe T[dkoheoB Bkb xN iKdhj?. fJe o;sk fpbe[b f;ZXk j? ns/;;s/ ns/ fBt/F fe;wK dh tZvh frDsheoBk T[sgzB j[zdk j? i' tgkoe T[dkoheoBs'I pknd xo/b{ w}d{oK dhnK ;/tktK


Bkb w[ekpbk eo ;ed/ jB. d{ik o;skf}nkdk ;{yw j? ns/ fJ; ;ukJh s'IfBebdk j? fe tgkoe T[dkoheoB s'Ipknd xo/b{ gZXo #s/ pDkJhnK t;sK ~ftd/FK ftu pDhnK t;sK s'I ;ys w[ekpb/dk ;kjwDk eoBk g?Idk j?. fJ; dkwsbp j? fe T[iosK ftu e'Jh th tkXk,fi; Bkb bkrs tXdh j? ns/ f;ZN/ ti'Iehws ftu tkXk j[zdk j?, Bkb j[D fJZSsT[sgkdB dh r[DtZsk ns/ f;ZN/ ti'Io[}rko ftu tZvh froktN nkT[Idh j?.fJ; Bkb BfiZmhnK j'JhnK T[iosK yswj' ikDrhnK, fi; pko/ p/o[}rkoh d/f}nkdkso wkvb GftZypkDh eoBr/ fefJ; Bkb p/o[}rkoh ftu ewh nkt/rh.fJ; o;s/ d/ w[ekpbsB buedko w}d{opk}ko dh jk}oh ftu g{oh ;woZEk w[skpeezw eoB dh nk; ehsh iKdh j?.

;wkgsh fN ZgDhnK L Bhshrs;wkgsh fN ZgDhnK L Bhshrs;wkgsh fN ZgDhnK L Bhshrs;wkgsh fN ZgDhnK L Bhshrs;wkgsh fN ZgDhnK L Bhshrsf;ckoFK ns/ gqGktf;ckoFK ns/ gqGktf;ckoFK ns/ gqGktf;ckoFK ns/ gqGktf;ckoFK ns/ gqGkt

fJ; ftuko d/ jZe ftu ;gZFN s/ek\h tZv/ ;p{s jB fe Gkos d/ t/bkftjk u[Ze/ ns/ gqfspzXe w}d{o fB:wfJ; d/ fBowkD;k}h y/so d/ ftek; ftufJe tZvk o'Vk jB, ]k; eoe/ w}d{o w[yhT[d:'r. fJj fB:w fBowkD;k}h y/softu ;orow cowK ~ nkeko xNkT[Dns/ g?wkB/ dhnK ;zGkfts nkofEesktK s'ItKM/ oZyd/ jB. fJj T[BQK cowK ~ g{zihw[yh T[sgkdB seBheK ngDkT[D ns/jo/e T[d:'r ftu g{zih w[yh T[sgkdKdhnK fe;wK d/ T[sgkdB dh u'D eoBbJh wip{o eod/ jB, fi; Bkb T[BQKcowK ~ Gkos dh ekoe-pj[bsk nkXkfoss[bBkswe \kfJd/ d/ fto[ZX ikD bJhwip{o j'Dk g?Idk j?. j'o, fJj ek~Bn;EkJh$eZu/ ekfwnK dh tos'I ~ T[sFkfjseod/ jB fiBQK ~ ezw f;ZyD dk e'Jhgq's;kjB BjhI j[zdk ns/ fiBQK ftu fBt/FeoB dh cow dh e'Jh fdbu;gh BjhIj[zdh. fJ; soQK, Gkosh fBowkD fJekJhnK,

]k; eoe/ w}d{o w[yh T[d:'r fit/I eZgVkns/ t;so, rzGho s"o s/ nkgD/ uhBh,pzrkbkd/Fh, thnsBkwh jwo[spk Bkb'I B[e;kBftu ofjzd/ jB fiE/ w}d{o ek~B f}nkdkbuehb/ jB.

fit/I fe ;gZFN j?, Gkos dh ftFkbezwekih iB;zfynk ~ uzrhnK B"eohnKw[jZJhnk eotkT[D dk fJe'-fJe o;skw}d{o w[yh fBowkD;k}h ~ c?bkT[D dkj?. Gkt/I fe jkb jh ftu Gkos nzdo;/tk y/so dk s/}h Bkb ft;Eko j' fojkj?, fJe B[es/ s'I nZr/ fJj fJ; d/ ftek;dk w[Zy ekoe BjhI j' ;edk feT[Ife fJ;d/ ;kjwD/ gVQ/-fby/ ekfwnK dh ;hwsT[gbpXsk dh wip{oh nk yVQh j't/rh.;EkJh, ;/tktK tkb/ ftek; bJh ekfwnKftu pdbkn j'D ~ eJh djke/ bZrikDr/. fJ; eoe/ w}d{o fB:wK ftu;[Xko }o{oh j' ikt/rk.

fe; soQK d/ w}d{o ;[XkoK dh b'Vj?< nkJh vh J/ dh o[}rko dh o[}rkojZd 100 s'I 300 se eofdnK, fit/I feoki;EkB ftu ehsk frnk j?, bkGdkfJej' ;edk j?, fJ; ~ gVkntko j'o T[u/gZXoK se u[ZeDk ukjhdk j?, fi; ftunyho ~ jZd fpbe[b ysw eo fdshikt/rh ns/ ;[XkoK ~ nkJh vh J/ d/u?gNo th ph s'I nrKj fbikT[D dh}o{os j? fiBQK s'I f}nkdkso fNZgDhekofXnkB e/Idfos eod/ jB. fiE'I se nkJhvh J/ d/ u?gNo th ph ftu ;'X dk;tkb j?, Grtsh ns/ gkBkrohnk (2013)SKNh dh gfoGkFk ftu'I, xNdh wzr iKseBhe ftu spdhbh iK n}wkfJF #s/oZy/ ekfwnK d/ gZe/ Bk j'D dh ;{os ftu,o[}rko ~ xNkT[D ~ pkjo oZyD dk;[Mkn fdzd/ jB. j'o, T[j dbhb fdzd/jB fe T[d:'fre o[}rko (;EkJh nkd/F)n?eN ftu pdbkn ehs/ ikD/ ukjhd/ jBsK fe fJe ezw ftu fBg[zB$wkjo ekw/ d/d{i/ ezw ftu ikD bJh f}nkdk bue

fdsh ik ;e/.

w?I f;\koF eoKrk fe fJe fJekJhnzdo pj[shnK :{BhnBK dh nkfrnk BjhId/Dh ukjhdh feT[Ife fJ; eoe/ xVwZ;tkb/ jkbks pD ;ed/ jB fi; BkbT[sgkfdesk ftu tZvk B[e;kB j[zdk j?.fit/I fe T[go f}eo ehsk frnk j?, t?pgbkB s'I gkbDk d/ ;t?-gqrNkt/ dh BthIgfjbedwh Bkb T[whd j? fe fJz;g?eNooki dk ykswk j't/rk. fJ; ;ehw sfjsnkT[Id/ fB:wK dh frDsh tXkJh ikDhukjhdh j?.

Gkt/I fe Gkos d/ gqfspzXe w}d{ofB:wK dhnK nkofEe bkrsK ;ot-gqtkfBsjB, T[BQK d/ ;[XkoK ~ f}nkdkso okiBhserodkfBnk iKdk j? i' ftjkoe BjhIj[zd/. w}d{o ;zrmBK ~ okiBhse s"o s/pj[s ;zrfms ;wfMnk iKdk j? i' okiBhsegqfefonktK dk X[ok j[zdhnK jB. xo,jkbhnk nB[Gt nkXkfos ;p{s fJj ;[MkT[Id/jB fe fJ; okiBhse wip{oh ~ fJ;/soQK wzBD dh b'V BjhI. fw;kb d/ bJh,fJj j[D ;p{s jB fe f}nkdk tgkoey[ZbQ Bkb Gkos d/ ;zrfms y/so d/ekfwnK dh ;"d/pk}h dh Fesh ftu ewhnkJh j? ns/ Bkb jh ;zrmBK dh xNdhw?IpofFg Bkb th (t/y' nfj;kB ns/fwsok, 2014 ns/ nfj;kB, x'F ns/fwsok, 2015). fJ; soQK, w}d{o fB:wKftu j"bh-j"bh ;[Xko j'D Bkb, Bk f;o\fJBQK ;[XkoK f]bk\ okiBhse fto'X y[oikt/rk, ;r'I nfij/ ;[XkoK bJh okiBhsejwkfJs th tX ikt/rh feT[Ife ekfwnK ~nfj;k; j' ikt/rk fe nfij/ ;[XkoK s'IT[BQK ~ ;G s'I tZvk \kfJdk j't/rk.

(b/ye gq'c?;o, noEFk;so ns/ eo/wo gq'c?;onk\ rb'pb nkc/no}, fd w?e; t?b ;e{bnk\ f;Nh}BfFg ns/ gpfbe nc/o} ;kJhoe;:{Bhtof;Nh ;kJhoe;, fBT{:koe, :{ n?`; J/

j?.)



ftF/F b/yftF/F b/yftF/F b/yftF/F b/yftF/F b/y

Gkos #u ek~Bh ;jkfJsk s/ okFNoh ek~Bh ;/tktK nEkfoNhGkos #u ek~Bh ;jkfJsk s/ okFNoh ek~Bh ;/tktK nEkfoNhGkos #u ek~Bh ;jkfJsk s/ okFNoh ek~Bh ;/tktK nEkfoNhGkos #u ek~Bh ;jkfJsk s/ okFNoh ek~Bh ;/tktK nEkfoNhGkos #u ek~Bh ;jkfJsk s/ okFNoh ek~Bh ;/tktK nEkfoNh

wB'i e[wko f;BjkwB'i e[wko f;BjkwB'i e[wko f;BjkwB'i e[wko f;BjkwB'i e[wko f;Bjk

D gSkD

fJB;k\ se o;kJh w[Yb/ wB[ZyhnfXekoK ftu'I fJe j? ns/ fJ; ~ g{okehs/ fpBK pj[s ;ko/ wB[Zyh nfXeko f;o\ek|}K #s/ jh ofj ikDr/. nzsookFNohgqfsZfrnk (Bkrfoe ns/ okiBhse nfXeko)d/ nzsookFNoh gZXo d/ nB[S/d 14(3)(vh)ftu fejk frnk j? L

@@@@@@HHH T[; dh jk}oh ftu w[eZdwk@HHH T[; dh jk}oh ftu w[eZdwk@HHH T[; dh jk}oh ftu w[eZdwk@HHH T[; dh jk}oh ftu w[eZdwk@HHH T[; dh jk}oh ftu w[eZdwk

ubkT[Dk ns/ ][d iK ek~BhubkT[Dk ns/ ][d iK ek~BhubkT[Dk ns/ ][d iK ek~BhubkT[Dk ns/ ][d iK ek~BhubkT[Dk ns/ ][d iK ek~Bh

;jkfJsk okjhI nkgDh u'D nB[;ko;jkfJsk okjhI nkgDh u'D nB[;ko;jkfJsk okjhI nkgDh u'D nB[;ko;jkfJsk okjhI nkgDh u'D nB[;ko;jkfJsk okjhI nkgDh u'D nB[;ko

nkgDk pukn eoBk, ;{fus ehsknkgDk pukn eoBk, ;{fus ehsknkgDk pukn eoBk, ;{fus ehsknkgDk pukn eoBk, ;{fus ehsknkgDk pukn eoBk, ;{fus ehsk

ikDk, i/ T[; e'b ek~Bh ;jkfJskikDk, i/ T[; e'b ek~Bh ;jkfJskikDk, i/ T[; e'b ek~Bh ;jkfJskikDk, i/ T[; e'b ek~Bh ;jkfJskikDk, i/ T[; e'b ek~Bh ;jkfJsk

BjhI j?, fJ; nfXeko pko/, ns/BjhI j?, fJ; nfXeko pko/, ns/BjhI j?, fJ; nfXeko pko/, ns/BjhI j?, fJ; nfXeko pko/, ns/BjhI j?, fJ; nfXeko pko/, ns/

fe;/ th jkbs ftu T[; ~fe;/ th jkbs ftu T[; ~fe;/ th jkbs ftu T[; ~fe;/ th jkbs ftu T[; ~fe;/ th jkbs ftu T[; ~

ek~Bh ;jkfJsk gqdkB eoBkek~Bh ;jkfJsk gqdkB eoBkek~Bh ;jkfJsk gqdkB eoBkek~Bh ;jkfJsk gqdkB eoBkek~Bh ;jkfJsk gqdkB eoBk

fiE/ fBnK d/ fjs ftu b'VfiE/ fBnK d/ fjs ftu b'VfiE/ fBnK d/ fjs ftu b'VfiE/ fBnK d/ fjs ftu b'VfiE/ fBnK d/ fjs ftu b'V

j't/, ns/ fpBK ndkfJrh s'I, i/j't/, ns/ fpBK ndkfJrh s'I, i/j't/, ns/ fpBK ndkfJrh s'I, i/j't/, ns/ fpBK ndkfJrh s'I, i/j't/, ns/ fpBK ndkfJrh s'I, i/

nfijk wkwbk j't/ i/ T[; e'bnfijk wkwbk j't/ i/ T[; e'bnfijk wkwbk j't/ i/ T[; e'bnfijk wkwbk j't/ i/ T[; e'bnfijk wkwbk j't/ i/ T[; e'b

fJ; tk;s/ ndkfJrh d/ ;kXBfJ; tk;s/ ndkfJrh d/ ;kXBfJ; tk;s/ ndkfJrh d/ ;kXBfJ; tk;s/ ndkfJrh d/ ;kXBfJ; tk;s/ ndkfJrh d/ ;kXB

Bk j'D.##Bk j'D.##Bk j'D.##Bk j'D.##Bk j'D.##

nB[S/d 14(3) ftu ek~Bh ;jkfJskdk fJj gqktXkB T[BQK xZN'-xZN }kwBhnKftu Fkfwb j? fi; dk jo iDk pokpohftu jZedko j?, fe;/ ngokfXe d'F ~s?n eoB tk;s/. fJ; bJh, w[\s ek~Bh;jkfJsk d/ jZe dhnK iVQK pokpoh d/ftuko ftu jBl go fJj jZe f;o\

iiiii ngokfXe fBnK gqDkbh d/ ;zdoG ftu jhdZf;nk frnk j?.

Gkos dk ;zftXkB ;gZFN s"o s/w[\s ek~Bh ;jkfJsk d/ nfXeko ~p[fBnkdh nfXeko BjhI wzBdk. go, @okidh Bhsh d/ fBod/Fe f;XKsK# sfjsnkoNheb 39-J/, b'Vtzd-w[Eki ftneshnK~ ;ko/ wkwfbnK ftu w[\s ek~Bh ;jkfJskd/D bJh nkydk j?. ;zftXkB dk nkoNheb39-J/ efjzdk j? L @@oki fJj :ehBhpDkJ/rk fe ek~Bh gqDkbh dk ;zukbBfJB;k\ ~ T[sFkfjs eo/, pokpoh d/;zdoG ftu, ns/ Y[Zet/I ek~B iK ;ehwKiK d{;o/ sohe/ w[\s ek~Bh ;jkfJskgqdkB eo/, fJj :ehBh pDkT[D bJh fefe;/ th Bkrfoe ~ nkofEe iK d{;o/ekoBK eoe/ fJB;k\ b?D d/ w"fenK s'Iftotk Bk ehsk ikt/.##

;[gohw e'oN B/ wzfBnk j? fe rohpns/ :'r ftneshnK ~ ek~Bh ;jkfJskfBZih nk}kdh dk fjZ;k j?, fit/I fe ;zftXkBd/ nkoNheb 21 ftu doi j?. n?w n?uj';e'N pBkw wjKokFNo ;oeko wkwb/ftu ;[gohw e'oN B/ fJj fNZgDh ehsh fefe;/ th Bkrfoe tk;s/ w[\s ;jkfJsknB[S/d 21 ftu ;gZFN j? i' fJe tkip,fBnKekoh gqfefonk dk }o{oh nzr j?.fJ; wkwb/ ftu, i;fN; feqFBk nJhnoB/ fNZgDh ehsh L

@@i/ ;}k gqkgs e?dh nkgD/ nghbeoB d/ ;zftXkfBe ns/ ek~Bh jZeK ~

tosD s'I n;woE j? HHH ek~Bh ;jkfJskdh nDj'Id ftu, nB[S/d 14 sfjs,;zftXkB d/ nB[S/d 21 ns/ 39-J/ ftu;gZFN j? fe ndkbs e'b nfij/ ;}k:k\skftnesh Bkb g{ok fBnK eoB bJh tehbeo e/ d/D dh Fesh j?.##

fJe d{i/ wkwb/ ftu, yZsoh pBkwfpjko ;oeko, ;[gohw e'oN B/ fejk few[\s ek~Bh ;/tktK dk nfXeko ;k\ s"os/ tkip, fBnKekoh gqfefonk dk }o{ohnzr j?, i' ftnesh fe;/ }[ow dk d'FhrodkfBnk j't/ ns/ fJj nkoNheb 21ftu doi j?. oki ;oeko ftZsh iKgqpzXeh n;woEsk do;k e/, rohp d'Fhftnesh ~ w[\s ek~Bh ;jkfJsk gqdkBeoB dh nkgDh ;zftXkBe f}zw/tkoh s'Iwkbh iK gqpzXeh n;woEsk dk tk;sk gke/ GZi BjhI ;edh. ;oeko fe;/ d'Fhftnesh ~ w[\s ek~Bh ;jkfJsk gqdkBeoB bJh j[ew d/ nXhB j[zdh j? i' g?;/dh ewh ekoB ek~Bh ;/tktK b?D s'In;woE j? ns/ fJ; wzst bJh i' th}o{oh j?, ;oeko ~ eoBk gt/rk. Fhbkpko;/ pBkw Gkos ;oeko wkwb/ ftu;[gohw e'oN B/ \?;bk fdsk fe w[\sek~Bh ;jkfJsk d/D dh ;zftXkBef}zw/tkoh nkoNheb 14,21 ns/ 39 J/ s'Igq/fos j?. fJ; wkwb/ ftu ndkbs B/e[M tehbK d/ otZJhJ/ #s/ Bk][Fh th }kjoehsh, i;fN; Grtsh B/ ;zeN ftu c;/b'eK dh ;jkfJsk eoB bJh tehbK d/


co} #s/ ;gZFN }'o fdsk. T[BQK nkfynkfe tehbK ~ ;wki d/ T[BQK torK se:ehBB gj[zu eoBh ukjhdh j? i' rohp,nBgVQ ns/ nDikD jB ns/ id'I T[jfe;/ fpgsk ftu c; iKd/ jB, fit/I fefe;/ }[ow dk d'F iK frq\skoh iK ;}k,ns/ T[BQK ~ fJj gsk BjhI brdk feT[j eh eoB iK feZE/ ikD iK fe; e'bikD. i/ tehb, fpgsk ftu c;/ ftneshnKdh wdd eoB dh pikfJ T[BQK dk F'FDns/ fFeko eoB sK ek~Bh g/F/ dhpdBkwh j't/rh ns/ d/F d/ tZvh frDshb'eK dk tehbK s'I ftFtk; T[m ikt/rkns/ fJj b'eszso ns/ ek~B d/ oki dhspkjh d/ s[b j't/rk. ;[ydk; pBkwno[Dkub gqd/F wkwb/ ftu ;[gohw e'oNfJe edw nrKj ubh rJh, ;oeko ~w[\s ek~Bh ;jkfJsk gqdkB eoB ns/fJ; ~ soe;zrs Bshi/ #s/ gj[zukT[DbJh ;zftXkBe f}zw/tkoh dk nfj;k;eotkT[D bJh. ;[gohw e'oN B/ fejk ferohp nkdwh dk w[\s ek~Bh ;jkfJskgqkgs eoB dk nfXeko poeoko j?, p/FZeT[; ftnesh tb'I fJ; dh wzr Bk thehsh rJh j't/. fe;/ d'Fh rodkB/ rJ/ftnesh ~ w[\s ek~Bh ;jkfJsk Bkd/D dh n;cbsk w[eZdw/ ftu ftrkVT[sgzB eodh j? Gkt/I fe efEs d'Fh tb'IfJ; dh wzr Bk th ehsh rJh j't/.

ndkbs B/ fJ; dbhb ~ th dofeBkoeo fdsk fe nkofEe ngokX iKt/;tkrwBh iK pZfunK #s/ sFZdd eoBd/ d'Fh ftneshnK ~ ek~Bh ;jkfJskBjhI d/Dh ukjhdh. ndkbs B/ wfj;{;ehsk i/ fJj soe fe d'F ;kps Bk j'Dse jo e'Jh fBod'F j?, ~ jo/e ftnesh~ w[jZJhnk eotkfJnk ikt/ sK fJBQKr[BkjK d/ d'Fh rohp ftnesh th w[\sek~Bh ;jkfJsk gqkgs eoB d/ jZedkoj'Dr/. fJj j[D uzrh soQK wzfBnk iku[Zek j? fe ek~Bh ;jkfJsk dk nfXeko

ns/ s/}h Bkb w[eZdw/ dh ;[DtkJh, Gkosd/ ;zftXkB d/ nB[S/d 21 ftu wB[ZyhjZeK dh okyh dh }kwBh dk fjZ;k jB.

ek~Bh ;/tktK nEkfoNh n?eNek~Bh ;/tktK nEkfoNh n?eNek~Bh ;/tktK nEkfoNh n?eNek~Bh ;/tktK nEkfoNh n?eNek~Bh ;/tktK nEkfoNh n?eN

nkoNheb 39-J/ dh gkbDk eofdnK,ek~Bh ;/tktK nEkfoNh n?eN, 1987 (n?eN)gk; ehsk frnk. d/F Go ftu ek~Bh;jkfJsk gq'rokw ~ ek~Bh nkXko d/DbJh n?eN ~ ngDkfJnk frnk. fJjn?eN nyho ~ 9 Btzpo 1995 ~ bkr{j' frnk. 5 d;zpo 1995 ~ okFNohek~Bh ;/tktK nEkfoNh (n?B J/ n?b n?;J/) Bkw dh ek~Bh ;z;Ek j'Id ftunkJh. okFNoh ek~Bh ;/tktK nEkfoNh(n?B J/ n?b n?; J/) dh ;EkgBk n?eNnB[;ko ek~Bh ;/tktK w[jZJhnk eotkT[DbJh BhshnK ns/ fe\kfJsh ;ehwK pDkT[DbJh ehsh rJh. fJ; n?eN sfjs okFNoh,oki, f}bQk ns/ sfj;hb gZXo #s/ ek~Bh;/tktK nEkfoNhnK rfms ehs/ ikD dkgqktXkB j?. fJ; n?eN dk ;?eFB 3(2)(J/) efjzdk j? fe Gkos d/ uh\ i;fN;okFNoh ek~Bh ;/tktK nEkfoNh (n?B J/n?b n?; J/) d/ w[Zy ;ogq;s j'Dr/ ns/;[gohw e'oN d/ toswkB iK w"i{dk iZi ~okFNoh ek~Bh ;/tktK nEkfoNh (n?B J/n?b n?; J/) d/ ekoiekoh u/now?B ti'IBkw}d ehsk ikt/rk. jo/e oki ftufJe oki gZXoh ek~Bh ;/tktK nEkfoNh dkrmB ehsk ikt/rk sK fe okFNoh ek~Bh;/tktK nEkfoNh (n?B J/ n?b n?; J/)dhnK BhshnK ns/ fBod/FK ~ gqGkthpDkfJnk ikt/, b'eK ~ ek~Bh ;/tktKfdshnK ikD ns/ oki ftu b'e ndkbsKbrkJhnK ikD. oki dh ek~Bh ;/tktKpko/ nEkfoNh dk w[yh oki dh T[ùndkbs dk uh\ i;fN; j[zdk j? i' fJ;dk w[Zy ;qg;s j[zdk j?. jkJhe'oN d/toswkB iK ;/tk-w[es iZi ~ fJ; dkekoiekoh u/now?B Bkw}d ehsk iKdkj?. jo/e f}bQ/ ftu f}bQk gZXoh ek~Bh

;/tktK nEkfoNh dk rmB ehsk iKdk j?sK i' f}bQ/ nzdo ek~Bh ;jkfJsk gq'rokwKns/ :'iBktK ~ nwb ftu fbnKdk ik;e/. f}bQ/ dk iZi fJ; dk |?o-;oekohu/now?B j[zdk j?. sfj;hb gZXoh ek~Bh;/tktK ew/NhnK jo/e sfj;hb iK wzvbiK sfj;hb iK wzvb ;w{jK ftu rfmsehshnK iKdhnK jB sK fe b'e ndkbsKnk:'fis eoB bJh sfj;hb ftu ek~Bh;/tktK ;orowhnK ftu skbw/b fpmkfJnkik ;e/. jo/e sfj;hb ek~Bh ;/tk ;fwshdk w[yh ;hBhno f;tb iZi j[zdk j? i';fwsh d/ nfXeko y/so nzdo ezw eodkj?. T[j fJ; dk |?o-;oekoh u/now?Bth j[zdk j?.

fJ; n?eN dk w[Zy wzst ;wkifJ; n?eN dk w[Zy wzst ;wkifJ; n?eN dk w[Zy wzst ;wkifJ; n?eN dk w[Zy wzst ;wkifJ; n?eN dk w[Zy wzst ;wki

d/ ew}'o spfenK ~ w[\s ns/d/ ew}'o spfenK ~ w[\s ns/d/ ew}'o spfenK ~ w[\s ns/d/ ew}'o spfenK ~ w[\s ns/d/ ew}'o spfenK ~ w[\s ns/

T[ù gkfJ dh ek~Bh ;jkfJskT[ù gkfJ dh ek~Bh ;jkfJskT[ù gkfJ dh ek~Bh ;jkfJskT[ù gkfJ dh ek~Bh ;jkfJskT[ù gkfJ dh ek~Bh ;jkfJsk

T[gbpX eotkT[Dk ns/ fJjT[gbpX eotkT[Dk ns/ fJjT[gbpX eotkT[Dk ns/ fJjT[gbpX eotkT[Dk ns/ fJjT[gbpX eotkT[Dk ns/ fJj

gZek eoBk j? fe nkofEe iKgZek eoBk j? fe nkofEe iKgZek eoBk j? fe nkofEe iKgZek eoBk j? fe nkofEe iKgZek eoBk j? fe nkofEe iK

d{i/ ekoBK eoe/ T[j fJ; s'Id{i/ ekoBK eoe/ T[j fJ; s'Id{i/ ekoBK eoe/ T[j fJ; s'Id{i/ ekoBK eoe/ T[j fJ; s'Id{i/ ekoBK eoe/ T[j fJ; s'I

wfjo{w Bk ofj ikD. @@ek~Bhwfjo{w Bk ofj ikD. @@ek~Bhwfjo{w Bk ofj ikD. @@ek~Bhwfjo{w Bk ofj ikD. @@ek~Bhwfjo{w Bk ofj ikD. @@ek~Bh

;/tktK## dh gfoGkFk, i' n?eN;/tktK## dh gfoGkFk, i' n?eN;/tktK## dh gfoGkFk, i' n?eN;/tktK## dh gfoGkFk, i' n?eN;/tktK## dh gfoGkFk, i' n?eN

d/ ;?eFB 2(1)(;h) ftu doid/ ;?eFB 2(1)(;h) ftu doid/ ;?eFB 2(1)(;h) ftu doid/ ;?eFB 2(1)(;h) ftu doid/ ;?eFB 2(1)(;h) ftu doi

j?, T[; ftu @fe;/ wkwb/ iKj?, T[; ftu @fe;/ wkwb/ iKj?, T[; ftu @fe;/ wkwb/ iKj?, T[; ftu @fe;/ wkwb/ iKj?, T[; ftu @fe;/ wkwb/ iK

d{;oh ek~Bh gqfefonk, i' fe;/d{;oh ek~Bh gqfefonk, i' fe;/d{;oh ek~Bh gqfefonk, i' fe;/d{;oh ek~Bh gqfefonk, i' fe;/d{;oh ek~Bh gqfefonk, i' fe;/

th ndkbs iK d{ih nEkfoNHth ndkbs iK d{ih nEkfoNHth ndkbs iK d{ih nEkfoNHth ndkbs iK d{ih nEkfoNHth ndkbs iK d{ih nEkfoNH

iK fNqfpT{Bb ftu uZb fojkiK fNqfpT{Bb ftu uZb fojkiK fNqfpT{Bb ftu uZb fojkiK fNqfpT{Bb ftu uZb fojkiK fNqfpT{Bb ftu uZb fojk

j 't / , bJh ; /t ktK w [j ZJ hnkj 't / , bJh ; /t ktK w [j ZJ hnkj 't / , bJh ; /t ktK w [j ZJ hnkj 't / , bJh ; /t ktK w [j ZJ hnkj 't / , bJh ; /t ktK w [j ZJ hnk

eotkT[Dk ns/ fe;/ th ek~BheotkT[Dk ns/ fe;/ th ek~BheotkT[Dk ns/ fe;/ th ek~BheotkT[Dk ns/ fe;/ th ek~BheotkT[Dk ns/ fe;/ th ek~Bh

w;b/ #s/ ;bkj d/Dk, Fkfwbw;b/ #s/ ;bkj d/Dk, Fkfwbw;b/ #s/ ;bkj d/Dk, Fkfwbw;b/ #s/ ;bkj d/Dk, Fkfwbw;b/ #s/ ;bkj d/Dk, Fkfwb

j?.j?.j?.j?.j?.

okFNoh ek~Bh ;/tktK nEkfoNh (n?BJ/ n?b n?; J/) rohp ns/ ;wki d/ew}'o spfenK ~ w[\s ek~Bh ;jkfJskd/D bJh f}zw/tko j?. fJj ek~Bh ;jkfJske?Ig bkT[D ns/ MrfVnK dk fBp/Vk b'endkbs okjhI eoB ~ th T[sFkfjseodk j?. fJ; n?eN sfjs e/Idoh nEkfoNh


s/, ;wki d/ ew}'o torK bJh ;wkfieekoi w[eZdw/pk}h d[nkok }o{oh edwT[mkT[D ns/ ek~Bh j[Bo ftu ;wkfieekoieosktK ~ f;ybkJh d/D dk f}zwk;¯fgnk frnk j?. fJj ftFtftfdnkfbnK,ek~B wjK ftfdnkfbnK ns/ d{i/ ;z;EkBKftu ek~Bh f;Zfynk gq'rokw ns/ ek~Bh;jkfJsk efbfBe brkT[Idk j?. e/Idoh,oki ns/ f}bQk nEkfoNh ek~Bh ;jkfJskgq'rokwK ~ gq's;kjB d/D bJh d{i/ ;oekohns/ |?o-;oekoh ;zrmBK d/ skbw/b Bkbezw eo oj/ jB. ek~Bh ;/tktK n?eN,1987 dk ;?eFB 12 :'r ftneshnK ~ek~Bh ;jkfJsk d/D bJh fdFk-fBod/FKdh ftnkfynk eodk j?. fe;/ th gqkoEhdh :'rsk d/ wkgdzv ~ tkuD ns/ T[;d/ jZe ftu gfjbh B}o/ wkwbk pDdkj'D dh ;{os ftu, ek~Bh ;/tktK nEkfoNhoki d/ you/ #s/ tehb T[gbpX eotkT[Idkj?, wkwb/ dh b'VhIdh e'oN ch; ndkeodk j? ns/ wkwb/ Bkb ;zpzfXs j'o;ko/ you/ u[Zedk j?. ek~Bh ;jkfJskgqkgs eoB tkb/ ftnesh ~ w[eZdw/ #s/e'Jh youk eoB bJh BjhI nkfynk iKdki/ fJe tko T[; ~ ek~Bh ;/tktK nEkfoNhdh ;jkfJsk gqkgs j' ikt/. w[\s ns/T[u gkfJ dh ek~Bh ;jkfJsk d/D bJhokFNoh ek~Bh ;/tktK nEkfoNh (n?B J/n?b n?; J/) B/ okFNoh ek~Bh ;/tknEkfoNh (w[cs ns/ T[u gkfJ dh ek~Bh;/tk) fB:w, 2010 pDkJ/ jB. fJBQKfB:wK dh w[Zy ftF/Fsk ;hBhno s/ :'rtehbK ~ fB:fws ch; ndk eoe/ T[BQKwkwfbnK bJh ;/tktK b?Dk j? fiE/ fe;/ftensh dh ikB ns/ nk}kdh ]so/ ftuj't/.

p/FZe, ek~Bh ;/tktK nEkfoNh n?eN,1987 d/ bkr{ j'D Bkb ek~Bh ;/tktKd/D dk YKuk w}p{sh Bkb ;Ekgs j'frnk j?. fJ; d/ rmB s'I, okFNohek~Bh ;/tktK nEkfoNh (n?B J/ n?b n?;J/) ek~Bh ;/tktK nEkfoNh n?eN, 1987

d/ T[d/FK ~ bkr{ eoB bJh ;zihdke'fFFK eodk nk fojk j?. ndkbs #s/nkXkfos ek~Bh ;jkfJsk d/ Bkb jhokFNoh ek~Bh ;/tktK nEkfoNh (n?B J/n?b n?; J/) nkgDh ftebfge MrVkjZb eoB (J/ vh nko) dh w[fjzw sfjs;ko/ d/F ftu b'e ndkbsK bkT[D tbth ftF/F fXnkB d/ fojk j?. okFNohek~Bh ;/tktK nEkfoNh (n?B J/ n?b n?;J/) tb'I tZvh frDsh ftu okFNoh y/sohekBcoz;K, ekoiFkbktK ns/ f;ybkJh gq'rokwKdk ikro{esk w[fjzw sfjs d/F Go ftunk:'iB ehsk frnk j?. okFNoh ek~Bh;/tktK nEkfoNh (n?B J/ n?b n?; J/) d/;kjwD/ tZvh u[B"sh j? fe iB;zfynk d/T[; tZv/ fjZ;/ se fet/I gj[zu ehsh ikt/ i'nBgVQsk eoe/ nkgD/ nfXekoK pko/ ikro{eBjhI. fJ; eoe/, fJj nfjw j' iKdk j?fe okFNoh ek~Bh ;/tktK nEkfoNh (n?BJ/ n?b n?; J/) fJj feqnkFhb G{fwekndk eo/ ns/ nfij/ ;ko/ b'eK ~ T[BQKdhnK po{jK d/ ftfdnkfbnK ns/ |?o;oekoh ;z;EkBK dh Fw{bhns Bkb jh;zGt j' ;edk j?. ek~B d/ B/wK ;zpzXhikDekoh T[BQK ~ th fJzBh ;"yh T[gbpXBjhI i' ek~B d[nkok gqGkts j'J/ jB.

f; ZNkf; ZNkf; ZNkf; ZNkf; ZNk

fJ; n?eN B/ pokpoh dk fBnKd/D (i' e[dosh fBnK, pokpoh ns/ uzrhGktBk d/ n;{bK #s/ fBoGo j?) bJh fJeuzrh ns/ ftebfge MrVk BfiZmD dhgqDkbh ti'I b'e ndkbs d/ ;zebg ~gZeh ns/ ek~Bh wo:kdk gqdkB ehsh j?.tZy-tZy wB[Zyh nfXeko ;zrmBK tb'I fte;sehs/ rJ/ ;ko/ nzsookFNoh s/ okFNohwB[Zyh nfXeko szso ns/ fBnK Fk;sofJ; rZb dh s;dhe eod/ jB feiBse g?;/ Bkb rohpK ns/ gSfVnK ~fBnK dh gqkgsh eotkT[Dk nfjw wB[ZyhjZeK dk fjZ;k j?. jZe T[d'I wB\h j' iKd/jB i/ ;oeko rohp w[eZdw/ MZbD tkb/

ftneshnK ~ w[\s ek~Bh ;jkfJsk d/Dftu n;cb j[zdh j?, fi; ftu T[BQK d/jZe fBoXkos eoB dk wkwbk j[zdk j?.;"y/ FpdK ftu rZb eohJ/, ;[oZfyns jZeKdh }kwBh d/D bJh, ;oeko ~ ek~Bh;jkfJsk d/D bJh Y[Zet/I tzv okyt/I oZyD/j'Dr/.

fdbu;g rZb j?, ;kb 2012fdbu;g rZb j?, ;kb 2012fdbu;g rZb j?, ;kb 2012fdbu;g rZb j?, ;kb 2012fdbu;g rZb j?, ;kb 2012

ftu ;z:[es okFNo B/ nzso-ftu ;z:[es okFNo B/ nzso-ftu ;z:[es okFNo B/ nzso-ftu ;z:[es okFNo B/ nzso-ftu ;z:[es okFNo B/ nzso-

okFNoh gZXo #s/ @c"idkoh fBnKokFNoh gZXo #s/ @c"idkoh fBnKokFNoh gZXo #s/ @c"idkoh fBnKokFNoh gZXo #s/ @c"idkoh fBnKokFNoh gZXo #s/ @c"idkoh fBnK

gqDkbh ftu ek~Bh ;jkfJskgqDkbh ftu ek~Bh ;jkfJskgqDkbh ftu ek~Bh ;jkfJskgqDkbh ftu ek~Bh ;jkfJskgqDkbh ftu ek~Bh ;jkfJsk

se o;kJh bJh ;z:[es okFNose o;kJh bJh ;z:[es okFNose o;kJh bJh ;z:[es okFNose o;kJh bJh ;z:[es okFNose o;kJh bJh ;z:[es okFNo

d/ fB:w ns/ fdFk fBod/Fd/ fB:w ns/ fdFk fBod/Fd/ fB:w ns/ fdFk fBod/Fd/ fB:w ns/ fdFk fBod/Fd/ fB:w ns/ fdFk fBod/F

ngDkJ/ ;B. fJj fB:w ns/ngDkJ/ ;B. fJj fB:w ns/ngDkJ/ ;B. fJj fB:w ns/ngDkJ/ ;B. fJj fB:w ns/ngDkJ/ ;B. fJj fB:w ns/

fdFk fBod/F fJ; rZb #s/ nkXkosfdFk fBod/F fJ; rZb #s/ nkXkosfdFk fBod/F fJ; rZb #s/ nkXkosfdFk fBod/F fJ; rZb #s/ nkXkosfdFk fBod/F fJ; rZb #s/ nkXkos

jB fe fiE/ Y[etK j't/, ;oekojB fe fiE/ Y[etK j't/, ;oekojB fe fiE/ Y[etK j't/, ;oekojB fe fiE/ Y[etK j't/, ;oekojB fe fiE/ Y[etK j't/, ;oeko

~ mhe Yzr Bkb ezw eo ojh~ mhe Yzr Bkb ezw eo ojh~ mhe Yzr Bkb ezw eo ojh~ mhe Yzr Bkb ezw eo ojh~ mhe Yzr Bkb ezw eo ojh

ek~Bh gqDkbh dh ;EkgBk bJhek~Bh gqDkbh dh ;EkgBk bJhek~Bh gqDkbh dh ;EkgBk bJhek~Bh gqDkbh dh ;EkgBk bJhek~Bh gqDkbh dh ;EkgBk bJh

bVhtko edw u[ZeD/ ukjhd/ jB.bVhtko edw u[ZeD/ ukjhd/ jB.bVhtko edw u[ZeD/ ukjhd/ jB.bVhtko edw u[ZeD/ ukjhd/ jB.bVhtko edw u[ZeD/ ukjhd/ jB.

ek~Bh ;jkfJsk Bkb ;zpzfXsek~Bh ;jkfJsk Bkb ;zpzfXsek~Bh ;jkfJsk Bkb ;zpzfXsek~Bh ;jkfJsk Bkb ;zpzfXsek~Bh ;jkfJsk Bkb ;zpzfXs

nzsookFNoh gZXo #s/ ngDkfJnknzsookFNoh gZXo #s/ ngDkfJnknzsookFNoh gZXo #s/ ngDkfJnknzsookFNoh gZXo #s/ ngDkfJnknzsookFNoh gZXo #s/ ngDkfJnk

fJj gfjbk :zso j?. ek~BhfJj gfjbk :zso j?. ek~BhfJj gfjbk :zso j?. ek~BhfJj gfjbk :zso j?. ek~BhfJj gfjbk :zso j?. ek~Bh

;jkfJsk dk nfXeko fBnK se;jkfJsk dk nfXeko fBnK se;jkfJsk dk nfXeko fBnK se;jkfJsk dk nfXeko fBnK se;jkfJsk dk nfXeko fBnK se

gqGktFkbh o;kJh :ehBh pDkT[DgqGktFkbh o;kJh :ehBh pDkT[DgqGktFkbh o;kJh :ehBh pDkT[DgqGktFkbh o;kJh :ehBh pDkT[DgqGktFkbh o;kJh :ehBh pDkT[D

dk w{b j?. nkoNheb 21, fi;dk w{b j?. nkoNheb 21, fi;dk w{b j?. nkoNheb 21, fi;dk w{b j?. nkoNheb 21, fi;dk w{b j?. nkoNheb 21, fi;

~ Gkos d/ ;zftXkB ftu gfjbK~ Gkos d/ ;zftXkB ftu gfjbK~ Gkos d/ ;zftXkB ftu gfjbK~ Gkos d/ ;zftXkB ftu gfjbK~ Gkos d/ ;zftXkB ftu gfjbK

jh fBofttkd wB[ Zyh nfXekojh fBofttkd wB[ Zyh nfXekojh fBofttkd wB[ Zyh nfXekojh fBofttkd wB[ Zyh nfXekojh fBofttkd wB[ Zyh nfXeko

wzfBnk frnk j?, n;b ftuwzfBnk frnk j?, n;b ftuwzfBnk frnk j?, n;b ftuwzfBnk frnk j?, n;b ftuwzfBnk frnk j?, n;b ftu

nkgD/ dkfJo/ nzdo ;ko/ gZyK ~nkgD/ dkfJo/ nzdo ;ko/ gZyK ~nkgD/ dkfJo/ nzdo ;ko/ gZyK ~nkgD/ dkfJo/ nzdo ;ko/ gZyK ~nkgD/ dkfJo/ nzdo ;ko/ gZyK ~

fbnkT[Idk j?. Gkosh fBnK gqDkbhfbnkT[Idk j?. Gkosh fBnK gqDkbhfbnkT[Idk j?. Gkosh fBnK gqDkbhfbnkT[Idk j?. Gkosh fBnK gqDkbhfbnkT[Idk j?. Gkosh fBnK gqDkbh

B/ ek~B ~ rohpK ns/ }[bw d/B/ ek~B ~ rohpK ns/ }[bw d/B/ ek~B ~ rohpK ns/ }[bw d/B/ ek~B ~ rohpK ns/ }[bw d/B/ ek~B ~ rohpK ns/ }[bw d/

fFeko b'eK dh ;/tk bJh bkT[DfFeko b'eK dh ;/tk bJh bkT[DfFeko b'eK dh ;/tk bJh bkT[DfFeko b'eK dh ;/tk bJh bkT[DfFeko b'eK dh ;/tk bJh bkT[D

dk :sB ehsk j?.dk :sB ehsk j?.dk :sB ehsk j?.dk :sB ehsk j?.dk :sB ehsk j?.

(b/ye vkfJo?eNo, fJzvhnB bkn fJz;NhfuT{N,

BthI fdZbh j?.)



c'e;c'e;c'e;c'e;c'e;

Gkos #u toswkB s/ nshs dhnK g?No'bhnw ehwsKGkos #u toswkB s/ nshs dhnK g?No'bhnw ehwsKGkos #u toswkB s/ nshs dhnK g?No'bhnw ehwsKGkos #u toswkB s/ nshs dhnK g?No'bhnw ehwsKGkos #u toswkB s/ nshs dhnK g?No'bhnw ehwsK

FkJhB i?epFkJhB i?epFkJhB i?epFkJhB i?epFkJhB i?ep

sh xkN/ s'I b? e/ ygs ehws;{ue nze se, nzsookFNoh

eZu/ s/b dhnK ehwsK dk goSktK Gkosftu jo/e uh} #s/ g?Idk j?. nkw nkdwhbJh, ;kv/ d/F ftu g?No'bhnw gdkoEKns/ ftFt ftu eZu/ s/b dh ehws ftub/;zpzX ~ ;wMDk jw/Fk fJe p[Mkos fojkj?. fJE'I se fe Gkosh N'eoh dk eZuks/b ns/ tgkoe pokpoh tkbh ehwsgqDkbh fij/ Fpd j'o f}nkdk d[ftXkg?dk eoB tkb/ jB, i' toswkB ftuGkos tb'I g?No'bhnw gdkoEK dh s/b;'X eko]kB/ s'I pkjoh ehws eZYD bJhtos/ iKd/ jB.

g?No'bhnw y/so w[Zy s"o s/ d'GkrK ftu tzfvnk j'fJnk j? L

1) T[gobk, fi; ftu eZu/ s/b ns/r?; dh y'i ns/ T[sgkdB Fkfwb j? ns/2) j/mbk, fi; ftu ;'X ns/ p}koheoBFkfwb j?. fgSb/ wkbh ;kb ftu d/F dkeZu/ s/b dk T[sgkdB 37H788 fwbhnBNB ;h i' 2012-13 d/ 37H862 fwbhnBNB Bkb'I 0H20 gqfsFs dh wkw{bh fijhfroktN do;kT[Idk j?. fJ; ;zdoG ftuGkos d/ gqw[Zy ;o'eko g[okD/ j' oj/ s/by/so ns/ seBkb'ih dh ewh j?, id feBt/I s/b y/so fit/I oki;EkB ns/ feqFBk-r'dktoh (e/ ih) d/ v{zx/ gkDhnK ftub/pbke T[sgkdB ftu fJe nk; dh feoBirkT[Id/ jB. ]?o, fgSb/ wkbh toQ/ ftus/b ;'X ;woZEk 215H066 fwbhnB NB

gqfs ;kb (n?w Nh gh J/) ;h fi; d/2017 se 307 n?w Nh gh J/ j'D dhnk; j?.

g ?No 'b hnw ehwsK d / bJhg ?No 'b hnw ehwsK d / bJhg ?No 'b hnw ehwsK d / bJhg ?No 'b hnw ehwsK d / bJhg ?No 'b hnw ehwsK d / bJh

f}zw/tko w[Zy sZsK ftu eZu/ s/bf}zw/tko w[Zy sZsK ftu eZu/ s/bf}zw/tko w[Zy sZsK ftu eZu/ s/bf}zw/tko w[Zy sZsK ftu eZu/ s/bf}zw/tko w[Zy sZsK ftu eZu/ s/b

dh ehws, wzr s/ g{osh dkdh ehws, wzr s/ g{osh dkdh ehws, wzr s/ g{osh dkdh ehws, wzr s/ g{osh dkdh ehws, wzr s/ g{osh dk

n;zs[bB, eo ns/ fvT{NhnK,n;zs[bB, eo ns/ fvT{NhnK,n;zs[bB, eo ns/ fvT{NhnK,n;zs[bB, eo ns/ fvT{NhnK,n;zs[bB, eo ns/ fvT{NhnK,

pk}ko d/ jkbks, T[sgkdB ns/pk}ko d/ jkbks, T[sgkdB ns/pk}ko d/ jkbks, T[sgkdB ns/pk}ko d/ jkbks, T[sgkdB ns/pk}ko d/ jkbks, T[sgkdB ns/

ygs, okyt/ I G zvko, nk:ks,ygs, okyt/ I G zvko, nk:ks,ygs, okyt/ I G zvko, nk:ks,ygs, okyt/ I G zvko, nk:ks,ygs, okyt/ I G zvko, nk:ks,

nzsookFNoh ehwsK, ;pf;vh ns/nzsookFNoh ehwsK, ;pf;vh ns/nzsookFNoh ehwsK, ;pf;vh ns/nzsookFNoh ehwsK, ;pf;vh ns/nzsookFNoh ehwsK, ;pf;vh ns/

;EkBe g qGkt Fk fwb jB.;EkBe g qGkt Fk fwb jB.;EkBe g qGkt Fk fwb jB.;EkBe g qGkt Fk fwb jB.;EkBe g qGkt Fk fwb jB.

toswkB ehws gqDkbh dhnKtoswkB ehws gqDkbh dhnKtoswkB ehws gqDkbh dhnKtoswkB ehws gqDkbh dhnKtoswkB ehws gqDkbh dhnK

pkohehnK ~ ;wMD bJh ;k~pkohehnK ~ ;wMD bJh ;k~pkohehnK ~ ;wMD bJh ;k~pkohehnK ~ ;wMD bJh ;k~pkohehnK ~ ;wMD bJh ;k~

G k os f tu e Z u / s / b d hG k os f tu e Z u / s / b d hG k os f tu e Z u / s / b d hG k os f tu e Z u / s / b d hG k os f tu e Z u / s / b d h

gfotosBFhbsk ns/ s/b ehwsKgfotosBFhbsk ns/ s/b ehwsKgfotosBFhbsk ns/ s/b ehwsKgfotosBFhbsk ns/ s/b ehwsKgfotosBFhbsk ns/ s/b ehwsK

d/ fJfsjk; #s/ B}o gkT[Dhd/ fJfsjk; #s/ B}o gkT[Dhd/ fJfsjk; #s/ B}o gkT[Dhd/ fJfsjk; #s/ B}o gkT[Dhd/ fJfsjk; #s/ B}o gkT[Dh

ukjhdh j?.ukjhdh j?.ukjhdh j?.ukjhdh j?.ukjhdh j?.

eZu/ s/b dh Gkosh N'eoheZu/ s/b dh Gkosh N'eoheZu/ s/b dh Gkosh N'eoheZu/ s/b dh Gkosh N'eoheZu/ s/b dh Gkosh N'eoh

eZuk s/b eJh fwbhnB ;kbK ftug{ot fJfsjk;e gqkDh-gbte ns/ ;w[zdohekJh dh ofjzd-y{zjd s'I pDdk j? i'nke;hiB ofjs jkbks ftu pDd/ jB.fJ; dh T[sgsh d/ ;EkB d/ nkXko #s/,eZu/ s/b ~ t?;N N?e;k; fJzNowhvhJ/N,vpfbT{ Nh, p?qIN, d[pJh iK fwBk; nkfynkiKdk j?. d{i/ gk;/ s/b ;'Xe fJ; ~@fwZmk# (fi; ftu ;bco dh wksok xZNj[zdh j?) iK @e"Vk# (fi; ftu ;bco dhwksok 2H5 gqfsFs s'I tZX j[zdh j? ns/

T[sgkd fwnko jk;b eoB bJh fi; ~f}nkdk ;'XDk g?Idk j?) nB[;ko torhfeqseod/ jB i' fJ; d/ t}B ns/ fueBkjN#s/ nkXkfos j[zdk j?.

Gkosh eZu/ s/b dh N'eoh e"V/ ns/fwZm/ eZu/ s/b dh gqfefonk s'I pDh j'Jhj?. fJj Gkosh s/b ;'X eko]kfBnK tb'Igqk;?; ehs/ iKd/ eZu/ s/b dh n";s ~gqdofFs eodh j? i' fgSb/ toQ/ ftu fwZm/eZu/ s/b ns/ e"V/ eZu/ s/b dh n;bgqfefonk dk nB[gks j[zdk j?. fwZm/ eZu/s/b bJh @p?qIN# eZu/ s/b d/ wkgdzv ~ftukfonk iKdk j?. e"V/ eZu/ s/b bJh@d[pJh# ns/ @UwkB# d/ wkgdzvK ~ ftukfonkiKdk j?. fgSb/ wkbh ;kb d"okB, GkosheZu/ s/b dh N'eoh B/ o'}kBk ehws;whfynk (p?qIN bJh) ns/ d[pJh ns/UwkB d/ rq/v ~ 30H1L69H9 d/ nB[gksftu gqfsfBXsk ehsh.

fgSb/ ;kbK ftu UwkB s/ d[pJh d/eZu/ s/b dk Gkosh N'eoh ftu t}BtfXnk j? id'I Gkosh s/b ;'XeK B/f}nkdk e"Vk eZu/ s/b dh ygs eoBh F[o{eo fdsh. fgSb/ ;w/I se, id'I nzsookFNohpk}ko ftu wzdh nkJh, Gkos ftu s/bdhnK ehwsK ftu jw/Fk tkXk t/fynkfrnk. Gkosh eZu/ s/b dh N'eoh ftun";s ehwsK ftu 2003-04 d/ 27H97vkbo gqfs p?ob d/ w[ekpb/ 2013-14ftu 105H52 vkbo gqfs p?ob dk tkXkt/fynk frnk i' brGr fszB r[Dk pDdk

ftZftZftZftZftZ


j? (skfbek-1).

go, Gkosh eZu/ s/b dh N'eoh ns/g?No'bhnw T[sgkdK dhnK ehwsK ftukb/e'Jh ;zpzX BjhI. g?No'bhnw T[sgkdKdhnK ehwsK nzsookFNoh pk}ko ns/fBZih T[sgkdK dh wzr-g{osh d/ fdqF #s/fBoGo jB. g?No'b dhnK ehwsK f;zrkg[oy/so dhnK g?No'b ehwsK #s/ fBoGo jBns/ vh}b, fwZNh dk s/b ns/ o;'Jh r?;dhnK ehwsK nop-ykVh fyZs/ dhnK ehwsKT[s/.

ehws fBoXkoB ns/ehws fBoXkoB ns/ehws fBoXkoB ns/ehws fBoXkoB ns/ehws fBoXkoB ns/

fJ; dk fJfsjk;fJ; dk fJfsjk;fJ; dk fJfsjk;fJ; dk fJfsjk;fJ; dk fJfsjk;

Gkos ftu s/b ehwsK d/ fJfsjk;#s/ Mks wkfonK, ;oeko B/ gfjbK 1948ftu, t?fbT{ ;Nke nekT{IN (th n?; J/)gqDkbh okjhI powk F?b Bkb ;wM"sk eoe/ehwsK #s/ fB:zsqD eoB dh e'fFF ehsh.th n?; J/ ;wM"sk fJe ckow{b/ #s/nkXkfos ;h i' cqh nkB p'ov (n?c Uph) ehws, wjK;kroh feokfJnk, phwk,wjK;kroh B[e;kB, nk:ks F[be, ftnkins/ d{ihnK doK dk i'V ;h.

ehwsK dh ;zg{oB gqfefonk ~ fB:wBj/m fbnkT[D bJh rzGho ftuko-tNKdo/

T[gozs, ;oeko tb'I i[bkJh 1975 ftu;jkfJe ehws szso (J/ gh n?w) F[o{ehsk frnk. go fJ; ~ ngq?b 2002ftu jNk fdsk frnk id'I s/b ezgBhnKd/ ftek; dh wZmh o\sko bJh fJ; dhnkb'uBk ehsh rJh feT[Ife ezgBhnK T{oik;[oZfynk bJh b'VhId/ ftZsh fBt/F g?dkeoB s'I n;woE j' ojhnK ;B.

T[; s'I pknd, d/F ftu ngq?b2002 s'I iBtoh 2004 dofwnkB fJe;zy/g fijk fB:zsqD w[es fB}kw F[o{ ehskfrnk fi; sfjs s/b ezgBhnK g?No'bns/ xo/b{ o;'Jh r?; dhnK ehwsK pk}kod/ ekoeK d/ nkXko #s/ pdb ;edhnK;B. fwZNh d/ s/b ~ fJ; s'I pkjooZfynk frnk. fJ;/ d"okB, fJe @ehwsdo# szso dk th siopk ehsk frnk fi;sfjs ;oeko tb'I s/b ezgBhnK ~nzsookFNoh ehwsK ns/ wkb GkV/ dhnKdoK d/ nkXko #s/, e[ZM ftF/F T[sgkdKdhnK gqu{B ehwsK ftu pdbkn eoB dh;hws y[ZbQ d/ fdsh.

tgko w[ Zb-;wkBsk ehwstgko w[ Zb-;wkBsk ehwstgko w[ Zb-;wkBsk ehwstgko w[ Zb-;wkBsk ehwstgko w[ Zb-;wkBsk ehws

fBoXkoB (Nh gh gh)fBoXkoB (Nh gh gh)fBoXkoB (Nh gh gh)fBoXkoB (Nh gh gh)fBoXkoB (Nh gh gh)

ehwsK dk fJe ftnkge YKuk ;[MkT[DbJh e/Ido B/ nes{po 2005 ftu;hHozrkokiB dh nrtkJh ftu fJe ew/Nhdk rmB ehsk. fJ; ew/Nh B/ tgkopokpoh (w[Zb-;wkBsk) ehws fBoXkoB(Nh gh gh) dk, g?No'b ns/ vh}b bJh,s/b ;'Xe eko]kB/ ns/ gqu{B gZXo #s/ th,ckow{bk bkr{ eoB dh f;\koF ehsh.fJj ckow{bk nk:ks pokpoh (nkJh ghgh) ns/ fBo:ks pokpoh (Jh gh gh)ehwsK dk 80H20 d/ nB[gks #s/ nB[gksn";s dk ;h. d/F B/ tgko pokpohfB}kw d/ ftu 16 i{B 2006 ~ edwoZfynk. fJ; w[skpe, s/b ;'Xe eko]kB/dh r/N ehws (nko ih gh) T[j ehws j?fi; #s/ fJe T[sgkd s/b ;'Xe eko]kB/tb'I s/b t/uD tkbhnK ezgBhnK dh

pk}koheoB Fkyk ~ t/uD dk \?;bk ehskiKdk j?.

nk:ks pokpoh (w[Zb ;wkBsk) ns/fBo:ks pokpoh (w[Zb ;wkBsk) ehwsK ehjB< nk:ks pokpoh gqDkbh dk wsbpj? T[j ehws i' fJe nk:kse GkoshpzdorkjK #s/ ndk eodk j?, i' n?c phU ehws, wjK;kroh GkVk, phwk, wjK;krohB[e;kB, nkpekoh eo s/ d{ihnK doK dki'V j[zdk j?. d{i/ gk;/, fBo:ks pokpohgqDkbh T[j ehws j? i' s/b ezgBhnK nkgfsnko g?No'bhnw T[sgkd fBo:ks eoBt/b/ t;{bdhnK jB. Jh gh gh d/ nzeKftu n?c U ph ehws ns/ n?vtK;bkfJ;z; d/ \kfJd/ Fkfwb j[zd/ jB.g?No'bhnw T[sgkdK d/ fBo:ks ftu d/Fdh fjZ;/dkoh tXD s'I pknd fBo:kspokpoh ~ ehws fBoXkoB dk fjZ;k pDkfdsk frnk. fgSb/ ftZsh ;kb d"okBGkos B/ 67,864 fwbhnB NB g?No'bhnwT[sgkdK dk fBo:ks ehsk fi; dh ehws3,68,279 eo'V o[gJ/ j?.

fJ; gqDkbh d/ sfjs, iBse y/sodhnK s/b ezgBhnK (U n?`w ;h})fit/I fJzvhnB nkfJb ekog'o/FB, Gkosg?No'bhnw ekog'o/FB ns/ fjzd[;skBg?No'bhnw ekog'o/FB s/b ;'X eko]kfBnK~ tgko pokpoh ehws ndk eodhnKjB, jo gzdoK fdB pknd, T[BQK s'Ivh}b s/ g?No'b yohdD ;w/I. ]?o, o;'Jhr?; ns/ fwZNh d/ s/b dhnK ehwsKnk:ks pokpoh d/ nkXko #s/ jo wjhB/dh gfjbh skohe ~ fwEhnK iKdhnK jB,id fe pkeh d/ g?No'bhnw gdkoEK dhehws pk}ko nB[;ko s?n ehsh iKdh j?.

toswkB o[MkBtoswkB o[MkBtoswkB o[MkBtoswkB o[MkBtoswkB o[MkB

fJ; y/so ftu ;[Xko ~ nrKjs'ofdnK, s/b ezgBhnK ~ nzsookFNohehwsK ns/ i{B 2010 dh tNKdok do d/w[skfpe g?No'b dhnK ehwsK ftu nkgD/nkg ;whfynk eoB ns/ tkXk eoB dh

skfbek-1

Gkosh eZu/ s/b dh N'eoh dh ehws

(vkbo gqfs p?ob)

;kb n";s

2003-04 27H97

2004-05 39H21

2005-06 55H72

2006-07 62H46

2007-08 79H25

2008-09 83H57

2009-10 69H76

2010-11 85H09

2011-12 111H89

2012-13 107H97

2013-14 105H52

;o's L s/b wzsokbk ns/ gh gh ;h J/


y[ZbQ fdsh rJh. iBtoh 2013 ftuvh}b ~ th gVkntko sohe/ Bkb fB:zsqDw[es ehsk frnk sK fe xN ojhnKt;{bhnK #s/ ekp{ gkfJnk ik ;e/ (tgkopokpoh$fBo:ks pokpoh #s/ nkXkfos b'VhIdhehws ns/ n;b t/u ehws ftu \oes/b ezgBhnK dh xZN t;{bh ~ do;kT[Idkj?). go, fJBQK e'fFFK ~ eZu/ s/b dhnKnzsookFNoh pk}ko ftu tX ojhnK ehwsKBkb XZek bZrk. fgSb/ ;kb id'I ehwsKfvrDhnK F[o{ j'JhnK sK BthI ;oeko B/nes{po 2014 ftu vh}b ~ g{oh soQKfB:zsqD w[es eoB dk okj u[fDnk.

vh}b ~ fB:zsqD w[es eoB BkbxZN t;{bhnK #s/ ekp{ gkT[D ns/ Bkb jhp/jso nzsookFNoh ehwsK ns/ o[gJ/ dhw}p{sh, ftZsh ;kb d/ ngq?b-d;zpo d/gfjb/ B¯ wjhfBnK d"okB, ;zt/dBFhbg?No'bhnw T[sgkdK #s/ j' ojh xZN t;{bh~ xZN eoe/ 67,091 eo'V o[gJ/ #s/fbnKdk j?. ;pf;vh dk nzeVk 2013-14ftu 1,39,869 eo'V o[gJ/ ns/ 2012-13ftu 1,61,029 eo'V o[gJ/ d/ nk;gk;wzvok fojk ;h (skfbek-2).

g?No'bhnw :'iBk ns/ w[ZbzeD ;?b(gh gh J/ ;h) d/ w[skpe, Gkosh N'eohd/ eZu/ s/b dh ehws 27 \otoh ~

59H19 vkbo gqfs p?ob ;h, i' fgSb/wjhB/ S/ ;kbK d"okB ;G s'I xZN 43vkbo gqfs p?ob ;h. fwZNh d/ s/b d/wkwb/ ftu \otoh wjhB/ ftu xZN t;{bh13H32 o[gJ/ gqfs fbNo ;h. Gkos bJhjkb/ th fJj okjs tkbh rZb j?, fJ;rZb tb fXnkB fdzfdnK fe i{B 2014se pq?IN eZu/ s/b dh ehws 115 vkbogqfs p?ob d/ nk;gk; x[zw ojh ;h.Gkos tor/ d/F bJh, i' nkgDh eZu/s/b dh 80 gqfsFs b'V bJh nk:ks #s/fBoGo eodk j?, jkb/ th fJj uzrh ]poj?.

;kb 2013-14 d"okB 189H238fwbhnB NB eZuk s/b nk:ks ehskfrnk fi; dh ehws 8,64,875 eo'Vo[gJ/ ;h, id fe ;kb 2012-13 ftu7,84,652 eo'V o[gJ/ dh ehws dk 184H795fwbhnB NB s/b nk:ks ehsk frnk.fJ; soQK wksok d/ wkwb/ ftu 2H40gqfsFs ns/ ehws d/ wkwb/ ftu 10H22gqfsFs tkXk doi ehsk frnk. fJenk:kse j'D d/ Bks/, s/b ehwsK ftuewh B/ ;oeko dk ;pf;vh dk p'M xZNeoB ftu wdd ehsh j? ns/ ukb{ yksk

xkN/ ~ fB:zsqD ftu oZy e/ okjs thgqdkB ehsh j? fi; Bkb o[gJ/ #s/ dpknth xfNnk j?. nzsookFNoh ehwsK ftuewh dk ekoB nwohek ns/ e?B/vk ftu|?o-otkfJsh F/b s/b d/ T[sgkdB ftunkfJnk tZvk T[Skb j?. id'I ehwsKxNhnK sK d[BhnK d/ ;G s'I tZvk s/bT[sgkde rmi'V Ug/e s'I T[whd ;h fefJj T[sgkdB ftu eN"sh eo/rk feT[IfefJ; Bkb ehwsK ftu tkXk j' ikDk ;h.go, ;G s'I tZvk T[sgkde j'D d/ Bks/,;kT{dh nop nkgDk pk}ko dk fjZ;kSZvD s'I fMie fojk ;h, T[; ~ nk; ;hfe xZN ehwsK nwohek F/b r?; d/T[Skb ~ mZbQ gkT[DrhnK. fJ; dkBshik 6 ;kbK ftu s/b dhnK ehwsKftu ;G s'I tZvh froktN d/ o{g ftufBefbnk.

id fe tZv/ s/b T[sgkdeK fit/I o{;,

;kT{dh nop ns/ t?I}{J/bk bJh fJj n"yk

;wK j?, Gkos ns/ ikgkB tor/ ygsekoK

bJh n"y/ ftu'I bzx ojh nkofEesk tk;s/

fJj todkB ;kps j'fJnk j?. fJ; Bkb

Gkosh eZu/ s/b dh N'eoh dh ehws ftu

56 gqfsFs dh ewh nkJh j?. ngq?b ftu

fJj ehws 105H56 vkbo gqfs p?ob ;h

i' iBtoh ftu xN e/ 46H59 vkbo gqfs

p?ob ofj rJh j? (t/y' skfbek-3). go,

wkjoK ~ vo j? fe vh}b ns/ g?No'b

dhnK ehwsK fB:zsqD w[es j'D Bkb,

T[sko-uVQkn ns/ nzsookFNoh ehwsK ftu

tkX/ Bkb Gkos ftu g?No'bhnw gdkoEK

dh ehws #s/ n;o gt/rk. fJ; s"yb/ ~

;jh mfjokT[IfdnK, ftZsh wzsoh tb'I nkgDk

gb/mk piN g/F eoB d/ e[ZM xzN/ pknd

jh g?No'b ns/ vh}b dhnK ehwsK ftu

eqwtko 3H18 o[gJ/ ns/ 3H09 o[gJ/ dk

tkXk gqfs fbNo eo fdsk frnk. go

Gkosh noEuko/ ns/ s/b ezgBhnK bJh

ftFt ehwsK ftu nkJh wzdh s'I Gog{o

\kfJdk T[mkT[D dk fJj ;jh ;wK j?.

skfbek-3

Gkosh eZu/ s/b dh N'eoh -2014-15

wjhBk eZu/ s/b dh n";s ehws

(vkbo gqfs p?ob)

ngq?b 105H56

wJh 106H85

i{B 109H05

i[bkJh 106H30

nr;s 101H89

;szpo 96H96

nes{po 86H83

Btzpo 77H58

d;zpo 61H21

iBtoh 46H59

;o'sL s/b wzsokbk ns/ gh gh ;h J/

skfbek-2

;kb xZN t;{bh (o[gJ/$eo'V)

2005-06 4000

2006-07 49387

2007-08 77123

2008-09 103292

2009-10 46051

2010-11 78190

2011-12 138541

2012-13 161029

2013-14 139869

;o's L s/b wzsokbk ns/ gh gh ;h J/



Gkos d/ T[`so-g{oph fyZs/ ftu F[o{nksGkos d/ T[`so-g{oph fyZs/ ftu F[o{nksGkos d/ T[`so-g{oph fyZs/ ftu F[o{nksGkos d/ T[`so-g{oph fyZs/ ftu F[o{nksGkos d/ T[`so-g{oph fyZs/ ftu F[o{nks

wB'i e/ dk;wB'i e/ dk;wB'i e/ dk;wB'i e/ dk;wB'i e/ dk;

D-gSkD

Gkos d/ T[so-g{oph oki, fiBQK ftuno[Dkub gqd/F, n;w, w/xkfbnk, wDhg[o,fw}'ow, Bkrkb?Iv, fsqg[ok ns/ f;Zew FkfwbjB, dk e[Zb y/socb 255,511 torfeb'whNo j?. fJj ;jh noEK ftu fJe;ojZdh fyZsk j?. fJ; y/so dh T[softu uhB Bkb (dZyDh fsZps) 4500feb'whNo bzwh ;ojZd brdh j?. g{opftu fw:Kwko, dZyD gZSw ftu pzrbkd/Fns/ T[so gZSw ftu G[NkB jB. f;Zew~ ftek;w[yh b'VK eoe/ 2001 ftu fJ;y/so ftu Fkfwb ehsk frnk. d{i/ 7oki 22 feb'whNo u"V/ @u{u/ dh rodB#;dek w[Zy G{wh Bkb i[V/ j'J/ jB. f;Zewth fJe S'N/ G{-Gkr okjhI i[fVnk j'fJnkj?. fJ; soQK fJj fyZsk u[c/foUII XoshBkb fxfonk j'fJnk j?. ftFkb nzsookFNoh;ojZd pzio xkNh ns/ n;[oZfyns j?fi; d/ pj[s ;ko/ y/soK ftu pkrh-ftdo'jh Go/ gJ/ jB. fJj y/so tzv s'IgfjbK fJe ][Fjkb nkofEe fyZsk ;h.fJ; dh gqfs ftnesh nkwdB d/F dhn";s Bkb'I tZX ;h. nk}kdh s'I gfjbKfJ; fyZs/ dh nwho T[d:'fre fgZmG{wh;h. n;w dh ukj ;ZBns dk fJfsjk;1823 s'I F[o{ j[zdk j? id'I pqskBth;kwoki d/ fJe nfXekoh okpoN po{; B/T[sbh pqjwg[Zso xkNh ftu ukj d/ g"d/T[r/ d/y/. ukj no[Dkub gqd/F dhnKgjkVh xkNhnK ftu ofjzd/ f;zrc' ephb/tb'I pDkJh iKdh ;h. 1838 ftu n;w

ikikikikik s'I gfjbh Gkosh ukj fBbkwh tk;s/ :{He/H G/ih rJh.

toswkB ;w/I, Gkos d/ e[Zb ukj T[sgkdB

- 85 eo'V feb'rqkw ;kbkBk ftu'I 55

eo'V feb'rqkw ukj dk T[sgkdB n;weodk j?. n;w ftu eZuk s/b 1886

ftu T[gob/ n;w d/ izrbK ftu bZeVh

dh eNkJh d"okB bZfGnk frnk. gfjbk

s/b ;'X eko]kBk 1901 ftu fvrp'Jh,

n;w ftu ;Ekgs ehsk frnk i' nkX[fBe

Feb ftu nZi th ezw eo fojk j?.fvrp'Jh Bkw @fvr p[nkfJ# s'I gqubs

j'fJnk.

T[so-g{op Gkos ftu o/bt/ dkfJfsjk; 19thI ;dh ftu n;w o/bt/ ns/tgkoe ezgBh tb'I F[o{ ehsk frnk i'ezgBh n?eN, 1860 sfjs g{zihfeqs j'DtkbhnK ezgBhnK ftu'I fJe ;h. fJ; dkpowk Bkb Gog{o ;ojZdh tgko ubdk;h i' T[d'I pqskBth Gkos dk fjZ;k j[zdk;h. d{ih ftFt izr d"okB e[Bfwzr se;gbkJh bJh ;fNbt?b ;Ve dk fBowkDehsk frnk sK fe fFnKr ekfJ F/e dhe[UwhBsKr gkoNh dhnK izrh e'fFFK ftuwdd ehsh ik ;e/, i' nZr/ tX ojhikgkBh c"i tb'I eZN fdsh rJh ;h. e'bkgsekJh o/Ii d/ b/v' wkorohNk y/so ftubZfGnk frnk. fJ; y/so d/ izrbK ftubZeV d/ nEkj Gzvko ;B.

fJ; fyZs/ ftu iB;zfynk ftobh ;h,fiE/ 250 s'I tZX GkJhukfonK dk nkgDk

;ZfGnkuko, otkfJsK, fJfsjk;, j;sebk;h. fJ; dh w}p{s y/sh nkofEesk ;hns/ izrbK ftu pB;gsh ns/ ihtK dhGowko ;h. n;w dh xkNh d/ bZyK ;kbg[okDh wjkB Gkosh ;ZfGnsk Bkb bzw/;w/I s'I fwfEjk;e ns/ fJfsjk;e ;zpzX;B. wjKGkos ftu gqkri:'fsFg[ok,;'fBsg[ok dk @Uyk-jkoB# ftu f}eo j?.1947 ftu j'Jh tzv B/ fJ; fyZs/ dhnkofEesk #s/ v{zxh ;ZN wkoh. fJ; B/fyZs/ ~ nbr-Ebr eo fdsk, e[doshnktkikJh d/ o;s/ pzd eo fds/ ns/pk}ko Bkb'I gj[zu th s'V fdsh. fw;kbd/ s"o s/, pzrbkd/F okjhI e'beksk s'Inrosbk f;o\ 300 feb'whNo j? go@u{u/ dh rodB# }ohJ/ fJj brGr1800 feb'whNo j? ns/ ;Ve okjhI fJE/gj[zuD bJh 40 xzN/ s'I tZX dk ;wKbrdk j?. G{-okiBhse ekoBK B/ fw:KwkookjhI g{oph bKx/ ~ pzd eo fdsk j?.fi; ~ nk;hnkB (J/ n?; Jh J/ n?B)fejk iKdk j?. g{oph gkfe;skB d/ j'Idftu nkT[D eoe/ pqjwg[Zso ns/ ;[owk d/wjkB gkDh tkb/ o;s/ pzd j' rJ/. j[Dth bKxk y'fbQnk BjhI frnk. fuNkrKr,i' T[so g{oph y/so dh e[dosh pzdorkj;h, ~ pzd eo fdsk frnk. fJBQK ;ko/gZyK B/ T[so-g{oph fyZs/ dh noEftt;Ek~ YKukrs B[e;kB gj[zukfJnk. ;kpekpzrkb oki, fi; ~ pknd ftu g{ophgkfe;skB nkfynk frnk, s'I tZy-tZy ;fwnKftu b'eK dh tZv/ gZXo #s/ nkwd j'Jh.


fJ; Bkb ftFkb B;bh MrV/, nFKshns/ nkpkdh ftu n;zs[bB g?dk j'J/.

e'Jh th d/F nkgD/ ;ko/ fyZfsnK dh

;w{fje soZeh fpBK T[Bsh BjhI eo ;edk.fJ; fyZs/ dh ;woEk, ftF/F b'VK ns/

;oekoh fBt/F d/ ]k; gZXoK dh b'V ~gSkfDnk frnk, T[`so-g{oph okiK ~

ftF/F tor d/ okiK dk doik fdskfrnk j? ns/ fJBQK okiK ~ fgSb/ wkbh

;kb se e/Idoh :'iBk ;jkfJsk 90L10(rqKNLeo}k) dhnK T[dko FosK #s/ fdsh

iKdh ;h. e[Zb piN ;jkfJsk dk 10gqfsFs e[M wzsokfbnK fit/I n?; n?Iv Nh,

vh U n?;, vh U U vh nkfd ~ SZve/, fJ; y/so ftu youDk }o{oh j?. fJ;

~ e[M ;kbK fgS'I Bk ysw j'D tkbh;jkfJsk pDk fdsk frnk ns/ T[so-

g{oph okiK d/ ftek; bJh fJe Bt/Iwzsokb/ dk rmB ehsk frnk. jo/e

;oeko tb'I BhshnK ftu gfotosB BjhIehsk frnk. fJBQK BhshnK eoe/ fgSb/v/Y djke/ nzdo g?;/ dh tZv/ gZXo #s/

nkwd j'Jh j?. w"i{dk ;w/I brGr 250,000eo'V o[gJ/ dh bkrs tkbk ;VeK ns/

g[bK dk fBowkD dk ezw uZb fojk j?(g{op-gZSw bKxk, okiXkBh ~ i'VdhnK

;VeK, gqXkB wzsoh rqkwhD ;Ve :'iBk,nzso-no[Dkub oki wkor, p'rhphb g[b,

u'Jhy'tk g[b nkfd), 28,000 eo'V o[gJ/d/ o/b gqki?eN (T[soh p?Ie ftu woe'B-

r;b/e ns/ dZyDh fjZ;/ ftu nrosbk,fJzckb-fiohpkw, Bkjkob'r[B-jow[sh nkfd)

ftu u"Vh o/b gNVh dk pdbBk, 220,000n?w Nh gh J/ n;w r?; eq?eo gqki?eN

nkfd. gqkj[Dukoh ns/ f;js ;zGkb d/y/soK ftu th uzrk ezw j' fojk j?.

f;o\ r[jkNh ftu jh 6 gzi skok j'NbKdk fBowkD j' fojk j?. o?vh;B pb{ B/

gfjbK jh ezw eoBk F[o{ eo fdsk j?.

fyZs/ dh nkofEesk f}nkdk ;t?-fBoGosk tkbh j?. T[sgkdB dk tgkoheoB

b'eK dh ;'u Bkb w/b BjhI yKdk. fJ;eoe/ tgkoe tsho/ dh ewh dh gqpbGktBk j?. n?vtov r/N nkgDh feskp@fd fj;Noh nk\ n;w# fJB 1905 ftupqjwg[Zso xkNh d/ @;[Zs/ y'yb/gB# pko/rZb eofdnK nEkj e[dosh ;owkJ/ ns/j[zw; Go/ w";w pko/ efjzdk j? fi; Bkbt;Bhe ;[;s ns/ xZN T[dwh pD iKd/jB. go, ftFtheoB pdbd/ nkofEejkbks ns/ pdbkn dhnK jtktK B/T[so-g{oph fyZs/ ~ nkgDh bg/N ftu b?fbnk j?. w}p{s e[dosh ns/ wB[Zyh;o's dk nkXko j'D eoe/, Gkos d/T[so-g{oph fyZs/ ftu ;ZBnsh soZeh dhnKn;hw ;zGktBktK jB. fJ; fyZs/ ~ Gkos;oeko dh @g{op tZb d/y'# Bhsh sfjs@g{oph d[nko# wzfBnk frnk j?. fJ; B/T[so-g{oph fyZs/ ~ j'o f}nkdk wjZstg{oBns/ oDBhse pDk fdsk j?. fyZs/ dhnK;?o-;gkN/ dhnK ;zGktBktK ~ sbkFDbJh, Gkos d/ ;?o-;gkNk ftGkr tb'IfJ; ~ @nDy'i/ ;tor# ti'I gqukfonk ikfojk j?. fJ; fyZs/ ~ j'o u[B"shnK;theko eoB ns/ uhB, dZyDh g{ophJ/fFnkJh d/FK ns/ g?;/fce tb'I g/F ehs/w"fenK dk \kfJdk u[ZeD bJh ewoeZ;Dh j't/rh i' e[ZM ;wK pknd fJ;dhnK ;ojZdK okjhI y[ZbQ ikt/rk. gfjbKjh g{op-gZSw bKx/ ~ nk;hnkB FkjokjBzpo-1 dk Bkw fdsk ik u[Zek j? ns/;zgoe ~ do;kT[D bJh eko o?bhnK dknk:'iB ehsk frnk j?.

fJ; fyZs/ dhnK tZvhnK ;ZBnsK ftuyfDi nkXkfos, o;kfJD ns/ gbk;fNenkXkfos, izrb nkXkfos, eZgVk, fJziBhnfozrns/ |?o-otkfJsh T[d:'r ns/ ;/tktKFkfwb jB. T[so-g{op fyZs/ d/ ;zrfmsT[d:'rK ftu ukj, g?No'bhnw, ek|},;hfwzN, gbktht[Zv,, e'bk, gN;B, yzv,ykdK nkfd Fkfwb jB. T[so-g{op ;ZBnshfBt/F ns/ T[Bsh, 2007 dh ftnkgeBhsh i' f;o\ T[`so-g{oph okiK bJh j?,

B/ fJ; fyZs/ ftu s/} ns/ tZvh gZXo #s/;ZBnsh ftek; ~ j[bkok fdsk j?, fi;ftu Bk e/tb tZv/, ;r'I S'N/ ns/ dofwnkB/T[d:'r ns/ ;/tk y/so, fit/I gqkj[Dukoh;ZBns ns/ ;?o-;gkNk, nkJh Nh, nkJhNh Jh n?;, f;js ;zGkb y/so nkfd thFkfwb jB. fJ; Bhsh tb'I w[jZJhnkeotkJ/ e[M gqw[Zy \kfJd/ j/m fby/ nB[;kojB L

• gbKN ns/ wFhBoh 30 gqfsFss/ tXh j'Jh g{zih fBt/F ;pf;vh i' tZX s'ItZX 1H5 eo'V o[gJ/ j' ;edh j?.

• dofwnkB/ ns/ tZv/ gqki?eNK bJhT[u skesh ew/Nh tb'I wB}{oh fwbD #s/30 eo'V o[gJ/ se dh ;pf;vh fi; ftuo[}rko g?dk eoB dhnK tZvhnK ;zGktBktKjB.

• ;zukfbs g{zih ftnki #s/ 3H5gqfsFs ;pf;vh.

• ftnkge phwk Bhsh.• e/Idoh wkb GkVk ;pf;vh ;ehw.• nkpekoh ns/ nkwdB eo #s/

10 ;kbK bJh S'N.

go, fJ; Bhsh sfjs BtK gziheoBd;zpo, 2014 s'I w[nZsb j?. Gkos;oeko s'I fJe g[Borfms Bhsh b? e/nkT[D dh nk; j? sK fe u'o w'ohnK ~Gfonk ik ;e/. Gkt/I fe fJ; fyZs/ ftu;ZBnsK ;Ekgs eoB dhnK ;zGktBktKw"i{d jB, tZy-tZy ekoBK eoe/ ;ZBnsheoBjkb/ th pj[s fgZS/ uZb fojk j?. fJBQKftu'I fJe ekoB BthI ;ZBns F[o{ eoBt/b/ T[dwhnK ~ g/F nkT[D tkbhnK;wZf;nktK jB. }whB gqkgsh, T{oik dhT[gbpXsk, nktkikJh, ;k}-;kwkB, }kwBhw[es foD, eo}k tzv, j[Bowzd ekw/,pk}ko dk B?Ntoe ns/ eoK d/ w[ZfdnKd/ o{g ftu nVuBK g/F nkT[IdhnK jB.

T[so-g{oph fyZs/ ftu ;zGktBktK ns/wip{ohnK d/ wZd/B}o ;ZBnsK F[o{ eoB


pko/ ;zy/g ikDekoh fdsh ik ojh j? ns/e[M ;[Mkn th fds/ rJ/ jB. fe;/ th;ZBnsh tor ftu T[d:'r F[o{ eoBkfJe gqfefonk j?. T[so-g{oph fyZs/ d/T[`dwh fJ; ;zdoG ftu w[Zy s"o s/ fJBQKgqw[Zy gZyK ~ fXnkB ftu oZyd/ jBL

• tgkoe :'iBk dh fsnkoh Ltgkoe :'iBk nkw s"o s/ T[dwh tb'I ][dfsnko ehsh ikDh ukjhdh j?. fJ; :'iBkftu L 1) gqpzXB dk o/yk fuZso (fBt/FeKd/ Bkw, :'rsk ns/ T[d:'fre siopk,2) tgko dh fe;w, 3) Bt/I tgko d/ S'N/ns/ bzw/ ;w/I d/ T[d/F, 4) wkbh }o{osK,5) piN tzv, 6) pk}ko dk w[ZbzeD(pk}koheoB, ftZeoh dh g/FhBr'Jh, yZg/ dkw[ZbzeD, ehwsK ns/ B"eoh fwbDk), 7)tksktofDe gqGkt, 8) T[sgkd$;/tk dhr[DtZsk :ehBh pDkT[D bJh r[DtZskfB:zsqD d/ T[gkn, 9) wkbh :'iBktK fiBQKftu ;zGkfts bkG ns/ B[e;kB dh;N/Nw?IN ns/ Brdh th nkwd dh;N/Nw?IN Fkfwb j'D/, 10) T[gbpX wB[Zyh;o's ns/ ;z;Ek dk ukoN-e/ nB[gksew[ZbzeD (ph Jh gh, vh n?; ;h nko,nkJh nko nko n?b) ns/ ;zt/dBFhbw[ZbzeD.

tgkoe ;z;Ek dh fe;w u[DBk

tgko dh mhe fe;w dh u'D pj[snfjw j? feT[Ife fJj T[dwh dh skes,fB:zsqD, i']w ns/ f}zw/tkoh s/ bkG ns/jkBhnK dh tzv fBoXkos eodh j?.tgkoe ;z;Ek dh u'D w[Zy s"o s/ tgkodh fe;w, ;zukbB dh gZXo, wkbeK d[nkokfJZSs fB:zsqD dh wksok, ;zrmB bJhb'VhIdh g{zih dh wksok ns/ tgko ~ubkT[Dk, i']w ns/ d/DdkohnK dh wksokns/ wkbeK dh eo d/Ddkoh ~ MZbD dhfJZSk fij/ w[ZfdnK ~ fXnkB ftu oZy e/ehsh iKdh j?. d/F d/ fJ; Gkr ftutgkoe ;ZBnsK dhnK gqw[Zy fe;wK ftufJeZbh wkbeh, GkJhtkbh, ;fjekosk, fBZih

ns/ iBse fbwfNv ezgBh, fjzd{ nDtzfvnkgfotko tgko (n?`u :{ n?`c), ;hwsd/Ddkoh GkJhtkbh (n?b n?b gh) ns/;';kfJNh nkfd Fkfwb jB.

• tgko dk BkweoB s/ gziheoB Lfe;/ th T[dw dk BkweoB ns/ gziheoB,tgkoe ;z;Ek dh fe;w ~ t/yfdnK, tZy-tZy n?eNK sfjs gqufbs B/wK ns/ ek~BKsfjs ehsk iKdk j?.

• T[sgkd iK ;/tk dh u'D eoBk Lfe;/ T[sgkd iK ;/tk dh u'D eoBk fJej'o nfjw \?;bk j?. nfijk T[sgkdKtk;s/ pk}ko d/ nkeko ns/ YKuk, GftZyhwzr gZXsh, pk}ko ftu w[ekpb/ dh ;fEsh,jo/e T[sgkd d/ ihtB uZeo dk o/yKeB,eZuk wkb ns/ seBkb'ih fwbD dh ;"ynkfd gZyK ~ fXnkB ftu oZy e/ ehskiKdk j?.

• T[d:'r tk;s/ ;EkB dh u'D Ltgko dk ;EkB ;G s'I nfjw gZy j? i'fJ; dh ;cbsk iK n;cbsk #s/ n;ogkT[Idk j?. fJj dhoxekbh \?;bk j[zdkj? fi; ftu Bk e/tb ;z;Ek dhnK w"i{dkb'VK ~ fXnkB ftu oZfynk iKdk j? gofJ; d/ GftZy ftu c?bkn dhnK :'iBktK#s/ th r"o ehsk iKdk j?. ;EkB dh u'D~ gqGkts eoB tkb/ e[M gZyK ftu b'VhId/eZu/ wkb dh T[gbpXsk, b'VhId/ w}d{oKdh T[gbpXsk, T[sgkd pk}ko dh B/Vsk,nktkikJh dh ;j{bs ns/ ;zuko ;j{bsK,T{oik ns/ s/b dh Y[ethI g{osh ns/T[sgkd fe;wK #s/ nkXkfos tkstofDegZy Fkfwb jB.

• YKuk ;Ekgs eoBk L tgko F[o{eoB bJh p[fBnkdh YKuk ;j{bsK ;EkgseoBk nrbk nfjw gVkn j?. ;ZBnsdh ;fEosk ;Ekgs ehs/ rJ/ YKu/ dhr[DtZsk ns/ nwb #s/ pj[s f}nkdkfBoGo eodh j?.

• gqfefonk, eZuk wkb, wFhBoh ns/;kwkB gqkgs eoBk L nrbk wjZstg{oB

edw T[sgkdK tk;s/ Y[ethI seBkb'ihns/ ;kwkB dh u'D j?. fJ; d/ Bkb jh,eZu/ wkb d/ ;o's dk th \?;bk eoBkj[zdk j?. fJj ;kohnK }o{osK iK sKxo/b{ ;o'sK s'I iK fco fBo:ks okjhIg{ohnK ehshnK ik ;edhnK jB i' ;oekodhnK fB:wB dhnK b'VK g{ohnK eo e/ehsh ik ;edh j?.

• T[sgkd dh ehws s?n eoBk Lfe;/ T[sgkd dh ehws fBoXkos eoBk;G s'I n"yk ezw j? feT[Ife fJj T[sgkddh ftZeoh dh wksok ns/ cow d/ w[Bk\/~ gqGkts eodk j?. cow tb'I ehwsfBoXkoB eoB t/b/ bkrs, w[Bk\/ d/Nhu/, w[ekpb/pk}h ns/ T[sgkd dh wzBhrJh ehws fij/ gZyK ~ fXnkB ftuoZfynk iKdk j?.

• tgko tk;s/ ftZs dk gqpzX L fJeftZsh :'iBk fsnko ehs/ ikD dh }o{osj[zdh j? i' ftZs, ftZs gqpzXB d/ ;o's ns/\zv dh tos'I dhnK b'VK dh ;{ue j[zdhj?. tgko F[o{ eoB bJh ftZsh :'iBkpzdhcow ~ b'VhIdh e[Zb g{zih dh nB[wkB BkbF[o{ j[zdh j? i' fJ; dhnK tZy-tZy b'VKbJh ukjhdh j?.

• wB[Zyh ;o'sK dk gqpzXB L wB[Zyh;o'sK dk gqpzXB pj[s nfjw j? feT[IfefJj fe;/ th ;ZBns d/ ;G s'I wjZstg{oBn;k;/ j[zd/ jB. fijV/ wjZstg{oB gZyK~ fJ; tk;s/ fXnkB ftu oZfynk iKdk j?T[BQK ftu Bt-fB:[es eowukohnK tk;s/fdFk-fBod/F ns/ ikD-gSkD dk gq'rokw:'iBkpX ns/ ftfrnkBe f;ybkJh,eowukohnK bJh bkG ns/ ezw-ihtB dk;zs[bB Fkfwb j?.

T[`so-g{oph okiK ftuT[`so-g{oph okiK ftuT[`so-g{oph okiK ftuT[`so-g{oph okiK ftuT[`so-g{oph okiK ftu

F[o{nks dhnK wip{ohnKF[o{nks dhnK wip{ohnKF[o{nks dhnK wip{ohnKF[o{nks dhnK wip{ohnKF[o{nks dhnK wip{ohnK

Gkt/I fe nB[dkB ;pf;vhnK ns/tzv d/ o{g ftu T[so-g{oph fyZs/ ftuF[o{nks ~ n;kB eoB bJh pj[s ;kohnK


;j{bsK w[jZJhnk eotkJhnK rJhnK jB,GftZyh T[dwh jkb/ th tZy-tZy w[FfebKeoe/ ;ZBnsK F[o{ eoB ftu n"y wfj;{;eo oj/ jB.

• tgkoe :'iBkpzdh ns/ nrtkJh-bhjK ;j{bsK dh xkN L fJBQK ftu'I ;Gs'I nfjw fJe uzrh tgkoe :'iBk dhn;cbsk j?. :'iBkpzdh fe;/ th ;cbT[dw d/ ]ke/ ti'I ezw eodh j?. go,fJ; fyZs/ d/ T[dwhnK ~ fJe uzrh :'iBkjZE BjhI brdh fi; dk ekoB tgkoe:'iBkpzdh wkor-doFB ;j{bsK dh xkNj?.

• ftZs se gj[zu dh ewh L fJ;fyZs/ d/ T[`dwhnK dk ew}'o ftZs nkXkoT[BQK ~ ;ZBnsK nZX-ftukb/ SZvD bJhwip{o eodk j?. nY[ethI tgkoe :'iBkpzdheoe/ ;fEsh j'o th rzGho j' iKdh j?fi; Bkb p?IeK ns/ d{i/ ftZsh ndkfonK s'Iwkbh ;jkfJsk gqkgs eoB d/ w"e/ ;hwsj' iKd/ jB.

• nkw b'eK ftukb/ T[dwh ikro{eskns/ GktBk dh ewh L fJe d{ih tZvhu[B"sh i' fJ; fyZs/ ftu ;ZBnsK dhF[o{nks ns/ ftek; ftu o'Vk nNeknojh j?, T[j j? nkw b'eK ftukb/ T[dwhikro{esk ns/ GktBk dh ewh. fJ; fyZs/d/ b'eK dk ;oekoh B"eohnK fgZS/ GZiDns/ T[dwh g/F/ ~ ;G s'I nyho ftuoZyD dk o[MkB ;gZFN j?.

• seBkb'ih ns/ g/Fkto j[Bo d/Bkb nkX[fBe seBkb'ih dh nDj'Id Lshik, BthI seBkb'ih dh nDj'Id ns/Bkb jh seBheh ns/ g/Fkto j[Bo dhnDj'Id fJ; fyZs/ ftu ;ZBnsh fJekJhnKF[o{ eoB d/ o;s/ ftu tZvh o[ektN g?dkehsh j?. j'o, gjkVK ftu ;ZBnsK bJhT[gbpX seBkb'ih dh u'D pj[s ;hwsj?. t/bk ftjk u[Zeh seBkb'ih dh tos'Ins/ fBZih j[Bo #s/ b'V s'I f}nkdkfBoGosk T[d:'fre fYZbh f;js bJh w[Zy

f}zw/tko ekoB jB.

• Bkek\h pk}koheoB szso L fJ;fyZs/ dhnK ;ZBnsK d/ pk}ko ~ gqGktseoB tkbk Bkek\h pk}koheoB szso fJetZvk gZy j?, ]k; eoe/ n?w n?; n?w Jhy/so ftu. tgko ns/ ;ZBns d/ w[Zye/IdoK s'I fJ; y/so dh nbfjdrh, wFhBKBkb pDhnK fsnko t;s{nK s'I w[ekpb/-pk}h, Bkek\h nkofEe s/ G"fse YKuk ns/T[dwhnK dofwnkB ikro{esk dh ewh B/fyZs/ ftu n?w n?; n?w Jh d/ ftek; ~]so/ ftu gk fdsk j?.

• Bkek\h ;jkfJe szso L n]hoftu, Bkek\h ;jkfJe szso fJ; fyZs/ ftuBt/I T[d:'r ;Ekgs eoB d/ o;s/ ftutZvh o[ektN ;kps j'fJnk j? fi; d/ f;ZN/ti'I ;ZBnsh ftek; th gqGkts j'fJnkj?. d/F d/ fJ; Gkr ftu ;ZBnsh;jkfJsk szso dh ftF/Fsk N{b o{w,w[ozws dhnK d[ekBK ns/ r[DtZsk fB:zsqDgqDkbhnK dhnK ;j{bsK dh xkN j?. fJ;eoe/ wkVh r[DtZsk tkb/ T[sgkd ns/;/tktK dk fBowkD j' fojk j?.

fJBQK s'I fpBK, uzrh gqpzXeh Nhw dhewh ns/ tgko d/ wkV/ Bw{B/ d{;ohnKo[ektNK jB i' ;ZBnsK dh ;cb F[o{nksftu o[ektN pD ojhnK jB.

fJ; soQK, ;ZBnsh ftek; ~ T[uT[sgkdB ns/ o[}rko g?dk eoB d/;zdoG ftu t/fynk ikDk ukjhdk j?.pj[-nk:kwh fdqFNhe'B, ;ZBnsh ftek;fi; dk nfjw nzr j?, ~ rohph ns/gSV/gB dhnK ;wZf;nktK d/ jZb bJhngDkJ/ ikD dh b'V j?.

• fyZs/ ftu ;ZBnsheoB dhnK;zGktBktK L T[so-g{oph fyZs/ ftu ;ZBnshftek; dhnK n;hw ;zGktBktK jB. ;ZBnshftek; ~ T[s;kfjs eoB bJh fJ; fyZs/e'b j/m fby/ \kfJd/ jBL

1) g/Iv{ iB;zfynk dk tZvk Gkr.

2) nkwdB d/ ;o's bJh y/shpkVh#s/ tZvh fBoGosk.

3) ;zGkts ;orowhnK fit/I ukjT[sgkdB, wZSh gkbD, nkofEe izrbks,gF{XB, jZE-yZvh ns/ d;sekoh jkb/ thpj[fsnK bJh nkofEe ;[oZfynk dh d{iho/yk ti'I ezw eo oj/ jB.

n"os T[dwhnK s'I fpBK ;/tk y/softu th jK-gZyh o[MkB t/yD ~ fwfbnkj?. fJj fJ; fyZs/ ftu uZb oj/ f;js;zGkb, efbnkD, t;so, j'Nb ns/ o?;soK,w[ozws d/ ezw nkfd ;/tktK dh tX ojhfrDsh s'I ;gZFN j?. ;?o-;gkNk, nkJhNh, nkJh Nh Jh n?;, i?fte y/sh, pk|pkBh,opV, w;kb/, gkDh, gfotfjB, T[;koh,gD-fpibh, gqkj[Dukoh ns/ f;js ;zGkbfij/ y/soK ftu soZeh dk o[MkB j?.ftbZyD ;ZfGnkukoe ns/ B;bh ftfGzBskd/ Bkb y/so ftub/ X{j gkT[D tkb/;?o;gkNk ;EkBK eoe/ ;?o;gkNk y/softu nkgko ;zGktBktK jB. fJj y/so;wkfie ns/ nkofEe bkG g?dk eoB dkfJe ;o's j?. fJ; y/so d/ ftek; BkbjZE-yZvh, j;sebk ns/ o/Fw d/ ehV/gkbD d/ y/so d/ ftek; ftu Gog{owdd fwb/rh ns/ Bkb jh nktkikJh ns/;zuko gqDkbh fyZs/ ftu p/jso j' ikt/rh.j'o, @g{op tZb d/y'# Bhsh ikoh j'D Bkbgqkj[Dukoh ns/ f;js ;zGkb y/so ftu thT[Gko nkt/rk. e[ZM S'N/ doi/ d/ ns/xo/b{ T[d:'r fit/I p?Is ns/ pK; y/so,jZE-yZvh ns/ fwZNh d/ GKv/$gZeh fwZNh d/posBK d/ y/so ftu, ;oeko ns/ ;zpzfXsJ/iz;hnK tb'I T[mkJ/ edwK Bkb ftek;dk o[MkB B}o nk fojk j?. go, f}nkdk;ZBnsh ndko/ wfj;{; eod/ jB fe eZukwkb fwbD se gj[zu, eZu/ wkb dh T[ubkrs, seBhe ns/ o{go/yk ftu fBt/Fdh ewh ns/ pk}koheoB dh ewh fijhnK;wZf;nktK Bkb BfiZmD dh b'V j? sK fe



eh s[;hI ikDd/ j'<eh s[;hI ikDd/ j'<eh s[;hI ikDd/ j'<eh s[;hI ikDd/ j'<eh s[;hI ikDd/ j'<

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@ckowk iB ;wkXkB# - i' dtkJhnKdh ehws ns/ T[gbpXsk ;zpzXh ygsekoKdhnK fFekfJsK d/ fBgNko/ bJh fJe t?pnkXkfos gqDkbh j?, jkb jh ftu fJ; dhF[o{nks ehsh rJh j?. B?FBb ckowk-f;T{Nheb gqkJhf;zr nEkfoNh (n?B gh thJ/) tb'I pDkJh fJ; ;ehw dk T[d/FdtkJhnK dh T[gbpXsk ns/ ehws ;zpzXhfFekfJsK d/ fBgNko/ bJh fJe gqGkthns/ s/}h Bkb ezw eoB tkbk szso;Ekgs eoBk j?. fJj voZr} (ehwsfB:zsqD) nkovo 2013 d/ gqGkth nwbBkb ygsekoK d/ fjZsK dh oZfynk bJhfJe w}p{s Jh-rtoB?I; :zso ti'I ezweo/rk. @ckowk iB ;wkXkB# ygsekoKns/ d{i/ b'eK ~ dtkJhnK dh tZX ehwst;{bD, dtkJhnK dh ewh iK |?o-T[gbpXsk,n?B gh gh J/ dh nrkT[I gqtkBrh fpBKBthnK dtkJhnK dh ftZeoh ns/ fpBKfe;/ m'; ekoB d/ ftZeoh bJh dtkJhg{osh s'I fJBeko fijhnK fFekfJsK d/jZb bJh nkB-bkJhB ;j{bsK gqdkBeo/rk. n?B gh gh J/ fFekfJs fwbD d/48 xzN/ d/ nzdo fJ; #s/ ekotkJh nkozGeo d/t/rk. fJj dtkJh ;kyosk gfjbedwhfB:wB dh pikfJ ;j{bs d/D tkbhf}nkdk j't/rh i' b'eK nzdo ikro{eskg?dk eo/rh. fJj ekbkpk}koh, BebhdtkJhnK ns/ tXkJhnK j'JhnK ehwsKf]bk\ o'e dk ezw th eo/rh.

o'NktkfJo; bJh d/F ftu fsnkoo'NktkfJo; bJh d/F ftu fsnkoo'NktkfJo; bJh d/F ftu fsnkoo'NktkfJo; bJh d/F ftu fsnkoo'NktkfJo; bJh d/F ftu fsnkodtkJ hdtkJ hdtkJ hdtkJ hdtkJ h

d/F ftu fte;s ns/ pDkJh gfjbho'NktkfJo; dtkJh @o'Nkfte# ~ gqXkBwzsoh tb'I ikoh ehsk frnk. fJ; dtkJhBkb d;sK Bkb ;zpzfXs pkb w"s doxNkT[D dhnK e'fFFK ftu ;cbsk j'D

dh nk; j?. fJj dtkJh ftfrnkB ns/seBkb'ih wzsokbk, nwoheh ;oeko d/ftGkr fit/I B?FBb fJz;NhfuT{N nk\j?bE, tZy-tZy ;oekoh ;z;EkB fit/I GkospkfJUN?e fJzvhnk fbwfNv, Gkos ftub/|?o ;oekoh ;zrmB ns/ fpZb s/ wfbzdkr/N; ckT{v/FB d/ ftbZyD, iBse-fBZihGkJhtkbh Bw{B/ sfjs fte;s ehsh rJhj?. r/N; ckT{Iv/FB ns/ Gkos pkfJUN?efJzvhnk fbwfNv B/ T[sgkd fte;s ns/goyD ftu :'rdkB gkfJnk j? ns/ fJ;~ ;cbsk ;fjs ikoh eoB fgZS/ 25;kbK dhnK ftF/F e'fFFK dk jZE j?.gqXkB wzsoh B/ fJ; gfjbedwh ~ Gkosdh T[u gZXoh y'i ns/ ftek;l Gkos ftunfs-nkX[fBe dtkJh T[sgkd fBowkD fijhnK;woEktK ns/ ;wkfie u[B"shnK d/ tkipjZb bJh gh gh gh d/ gqGkth wkvb ~tfvnkfJnk. gqXkB wzsoh B/ fJ; sZE ~th T[ikro ehsk fe fJj dtkJh Gkos-nwoheh w?vheb y'i y/so ftu ;KM dhfJe ;cb T[dkjoD j? fi; dk \kfJdknkw BkrfoeK ~ fwb/rk.

Gkos ftu bVehnK dh f;ZfynkGkos ftu bVehnK dh f;ZfynkGkos ftu bVehnK dh f;ZfynkGkos ftu bVehnK dh f;ZfynkGkos ftu bVehnK dh f;ZfynkbJh fv}hNb fbzr BeFk feskpbJh fv}hNb fbzr BeFk feskpbJh fv}hNb fbzr BeFk feskpbJh fv}hNb fbzr BeFk feskpbJh fv}hNb fbzr BeFk feskp

e[VhnK dh f;Zfynk ~ T[s;kfjseoB bJh wB[Zyh ;o's wzsokbk, ;e{bf;Zfynk ns/ ;kyosk ftGkr tb'I jkb jhftu fv}hNb fbzr BeF/ dh feskp ikohehsh rJh. fJj :zso, fi; ~ :{Bh;/cdh wdd Bkb fte;s ehsk frnk j?,e[VhnK tk;s/ fBwB ekor[}koh tkb/fJbkfenK dh gSkD eo/rk, ]k; eoe/nfs fgSV/ ;w{j fit/I nB[;{fus ikshnK,iBikshnK ns/ w[;bwkB xZN frDshnK,]k; fbzr ;zpzfXs f;Zfynk d/ ;{ue.

fJj BeF/ fszB ;kbK d/ fBZih fbzr;zpzfXs ;{ueK dk s[bBkswe w[ZbzeD

T[gbpX eotkT[Id/ jB fi; Bkb gfotosBdh ;gZFN ;whfynk j' ;edh j? ns/;wM pD ;edh j? fe fe;/ G{r'fbey/so ftu F[o{ ehs/ e[ZM d]b fe;/ ]k;;w/I ezw ftu nkJ/ jB iK BjhI. fJjy[ZbQ/ ;o's d/ gb/Nckow #s/ T[;kfonkj'fJnk j? fi; ftu nfXekos ftneshnKtb'I nzefVnK ftu ;'X eoB dh ;zGktBkgfjbK s'I jh w"i{d j? sK fe fJ; d/rshFhb ufoZso ~ pDkJh oZfynk ik;e/. w"i{d nzeV/, fit/I J/ehfeqs f}bQk;e{bh f;Zfynk ;{uBk (:{ vh nkJh n?;Jh) nzeV/ (2011-14), wodwF[wkoh 2011d/ nzeV/ ns/ f}bQk gZXoh f;js ;ot/yD(vh n?b n?u n?;) 2007-08 dh tos'IeofdnK fJj n?Nb; tos'Ieko ~ G{r'fbegqfsfBXsk ns/ ;zfyne nzefVnK ftukb/oki, f}bQk ns/ wzvb gZXo #s/ ;zukbBeoB d/ ;woZE pDkT[Idk j? ns/ e[VhnKdh f;Zfynk bJh gqkfJwoh, T[`u gqkfJwohns/ ;?ezvoh gZXo d/ gqw[Zy ;{ueK pko/ikDekoh fdzdk j?.

fJ; fbzr BeF/ dk T[d/F pokpohtkbh f;Zfynk dh gSkD eoBk ns/ :ehBhpDkT[Dk j? fi; d/ fXnkB dk e/Idoew}'o e[VhnK j'DrhnK, fi; ftu ngzrbVehnK th Fkfwb j'DrhnK. fJj :ehBhpDkT[D bJh fe nfijk ;zGt j' ;e/,fbzr n?Nb; ~ fJe ftjkoe :zso ti'Ith fte;s ehsk frnk j? sK fe T[BQKy/soK ftu nfjw \?;b/ bJ/ ik ;eD.fiE/ nfij/ yZfgnK ~ GoBk }o{oh j?.

:ksoh ;j{bs tkbh nkB bkJhB:ksoh ;j{bs tkbh nkB bkJhB:ksoh ;j{bs tkbh nkB bkJhB:ksoh ;j{bs tkbh nkB bkJhB:ksoh ;j{bs tkbh nkB bkJhB;/tk dk nkozG;/tk dk nkozG;/tk dk nkozG;/tk dk nkozG;/tk dk nkozG

o/bt/ tb'I :ksoh fFekfJs t?p g'oNbns/ w'pkfJb n?gbhe/FB (n?IvwkfJv ftzv'nkXkfos w'pkJhb n?g) jkb jh ftu ikohehsk frnk j?. :ksoh fFekfJsK$;[Mkn


w'pkJhb n?g okjhI www.coms.indian

railways.gov.in#s/ doi eotk ;ed/ jB.:ksoh nkgDhnK fFekfJsK d/ T[go'est?p g/i #s/ th doi eok ;ed/ jB.;[Mkn$fFekfJsK w'pkfJb Bzpo O91-9717630982 #s/ n?; n?w n?; G/i e/th doi eotkJhnK ik ;edhnK jB.

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Gkos d/ u'D efwFB tb'I @okFNohu'D ;{uh ;'X ns/ gqwkfDesk gq'rokw#(n?B Jh nko gh J/ gh) jkb jh ftud/F Go ftu F[o{ ehsk frnk j?. fJ;gq'rokw d"okB, u'D eosktK d/ Jh ghnkJh ;h nzeV/ gqwkfDesk d/ wzst bJh:{ gh J/ nkJh d/ nkXko #s/ Gkos Bkbi'V/ ikDr/. n?B Jh nko gh J/ gh dkw[Zy fXnkB u'DeosktK dhnK s;thoK dhr[DtZsk ~ ;[XkoB d/ Bkb-Bkb rbshnKnkfd dh ;[XkJh fij/ w[ZfdnK #s/ j't/rk.u'DeosktK ~ n?; n?w n?;, Jh-w/b,w'pkfJb n?g iK B?FBb t'No} ;oft;g'oNb (n?B th n?; gh) d[nkok u'DefwFB dh t?p;kJhN dk fJ;s/wkb eoe/nkgDk nkXko Bzpo Go ;ed/ jB.u'Deosk oki d/ ekb ;?INo #s/ 1950 #s/\'B eoe/ iK nkXko Bzpo ns/ Jh thnkJh ;h dk t/otk ek|}h o{g ftu iwQKeotk e/ th nkXko Bzpo Go ;ed/ jB.fJ; d/ Bkb jh, u'D gziheoB n\;o(Jh nko U) tb'I, ftF/F e?Ig bk e/, t'No;j{bs e/IdoK, Jh ;/tk e/IdoK ns/ Bkrfoe;/tk e/IdoK okjhI th nkXko Bzpo fJeZsoeoe/ Go/ ikDr/. p{E b?tb n\;o (phn?b U) xo'-xoh ;ot/yD d"okB u'DekoKd/ t/ot/ fJeZm/ eo/rk. u'D gziheoBn\;o tb'I 12H4H2015 ~ okFNo gZXo#s/ ftF/F e?IgK dk nk:'iB ehsk ikt/rk.n?B Nh nko gh J/ gh sfjs, fJe s'If}nkdk t'NK j'D dk ][bk;k eoB dh;j{bs gqdkB ehsh rJh j?. fJj :'iBk15 nr;s 2015 ~ ysw j' ikt/rh.

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• nksw jZfsnktK s'I ghVs fe;kB gfotkoK

bJh 20 eo'V o[gJ/.

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• rzBk T[sgkde fe;kBK bJh 600

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• fpibh ;pf;vh bJh 5484 eo'V

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seBkb'ih ns/ o{go/yk ftu ;[Xkons/ pk}ko ~ tZvhnK gqu{B bVhnK Bkbi'VB Bkb T[sgkfdesk ns/ y/so dhnkwdB #s/ jK-gZyh gqGkt g? ;edk j?.

e[M Bhshrs b'VKe[M Bhshrs b'VKe[M Bhshrs b'VKe[M Bhshrs b'VKe[M Bhshrs b'VK

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(b/ye vkfJo?eNo, fJzvhnB fJz;NhfuT{N nk\

n?INogfofBT[fofFg, r[jkNh j?.)




T[`dwFhbsk ns/ o[}rko - eZ[M u[B"shnKT[`dwFhbsk ns/ o[}rko - eZ[M u[B"shnKT[`dwFhbsk ns/ o[}rko - eZ[M u[B"shnKT[`dwFhbsk ns/ o[}rko - eZ[M u[B"shnKT[`dwFhbsk ns/ o[}rko - eZ[M u[B"shnK

i;tzs f;zx ;?Dhi;tzs f;zx ;?Dhi;tzs f;zx ;?Dhi;tzs f;zx ;?Dhi;tzs f;zx ;?Dh

ro/}h Fpd n?INogfofBT{o ns/n?INogfofBT{ofFg fdwk| ftu

fJe tZyoh soQK d/ ftnesh dh s;thog/F eod/ jB. gzikph dk e'Jh th FpdT[j' fijh gqGkth s;tho g/F BjhI eodk.fveFBoh ftu fJ; Fpd d/ fszB noEfds/ rJ/ jB - T[dweosk, T[d:'rgshns/ eko]kB/dko. fJBQK fszBK ftu'I sKT[dweosk jh ;G s'I Y[ZetK j?. fJ;/soQK n?INogfofBT{ofFg dk noE @T[dw#T[j ;zebg g/F BjhI eodk fi; dh;zGktBk nzro/}h Fpd ftu j?. ;kvhiku/ T[dw Bkb'I @T[dwFhbsk# f}nkdkgqGkth ns/ ;wkt/Fh j?.

T[`dweosk e"D j' ;edk j?<T[dweosk T[j ftnesh j? i' fe;/ tgkoendko/ dh ;EkgBk eodk (T[d:'r, tgkoiK ;/tk e/Idfos) j? ns/ T[; ftub/ ]so/bJh f}zw/tkoh b?Idk j?. ;gZFN j't/ fe@]so/ dh f}zw/tkoh b?Dk# @T[dweosk# ~j'o ezw eoB tkfbnK s'I tZyfonkT[Idk j?.;k\ j? fe jo e'Jh T[dweosk BjhI j';edk. fJ;/ bJh f}nkdkso b'e o[}rkosK ukj[zd/ jB go ;t?-o[}rko ftu e'Jh-e'Jh jh g?Dk ukj[zdk j?. ;t?-o[}rkoT[dwFhbsk dk w[ZYbk gVkn j?.

T[dweosk dh gfoGkFk s'I jh n;hIT[dwFhbsk dk ;zebg fte;s eo ;ed/jK. T[dwFhbsk T[j gqfefonk j? i' fe;/ftuko ~ nkofEe T[g:'rsk ftu pdbDdh ;woZEk oydh j?. n;b ftu, ftuko~ pdbD dh fJj ;woZEk jh T[dwFhbsk

dk X[ok j?. T[`dwFhbsk ;[Xko ns/gfotosB dk T[j ;o's j? i' T[sgkfdeskns/ nkofEe w[ekpb/pk}h ftu ;[XkofbnkT[Idh j?.

;gZFN j? fe fe;/ th noEftt;Ekd/ ftek; bJh T[dweosk ns/ T[; dhT[dwFhbsk gfjbh Fos j?. T[dwFhbskns/ o[}rko dk nkg; ftu r{VQk ns/nfBZyVtK foFsk j?. fte;s iK ftek;FhbnoEftt;Ek, d'tK ftu fJBQK dk fJe'fijk wjZst j?. FkfJd fJ;/ bJh ;z:[esokFNo d/ T[dw Bkb i{B 2012 ftufJe nzsookFNoh feos ekB\oz; dknk:'iB ehsk frnk fi; ftu 185 d/FKd/ gqfsfBXK B/ Gkr fbnk, ;oeko ;w/sj'o ;zpzfXs b'eK B/ th fjZ;k fbnkfit/I fe T[d:'rgsh, tgkoh ns/ w}d{o;zrmB nkfd. fJ; ekB\oz; ftu fJj;fjwsh j'Jh fe B"itkBK ftu o[}rko dh;wZf;nk Bkb BfiZmD bJh fJe ;zrfmsgj[zu ngDkT[Dk T[dw ekoiBhsh j't/rh.fJj' fijh gj[zu i' ;zs[bs j'D ekoBfBFus pj[gZyh j't/ ns/ tZy-tZy d/FK dhftfGzBsk ~ fXnkB ftu oZy e/ pDkJhrJh j't/. nfijh nkofEesk Gkt tkbhBhsh bJh f;Zfynk ns/ f;ybkJh ns/wjkos d/ Bkb-Bkb feos wzvh bJhBhshnK, T[dwFhbsk ns/ ;t?-o[}rko ~T[sFkj ns/ B"itkBK d/ jZeK dk fBoXkoB}o{oh j't/rk.

2013 ftu ftFt gZXo T[s/ 202fwbhnB p/o[}rko jB ns/ nkT[D tkb/

10 ;kbK ftu 600 fwbhnB Bt/I o[}rko$B"eohnK dh ftt;Ek eoBh gt/rh. fJ;ftu T[j 238 fwbhnB @w}d{o# FkfwbBjhI jB i' o'}kBk d' vkbo (Gkt brGr120 o[gJ/) s'I th xZN ewkT[Id/ jB.2007-08 dh ftFth wzdh B/ ;wZf;nk j'oth T[bMk fdsh j?. fJ; wzdh ekoB (1)p/o[}rkoh tXh j? l (2) fiBQK ~ o[}rkofwb th iKdk j? T[; dh r[DtZsk xNhj?l (3) feos wzvh ftu n;zs[bB tfXnkj?l (4) ;e{b s'I o[}rko ftu gfotosBbzwk ns/ f}nkdk nfBFfus j' frnk j?Gkt f;Zfyns B"itkBK ~ th o[}rko dhe'Jh }kwBh BjhI ojh.

T[dwFhbsk ns/ ;t?o[}rko ngDkT[DbJh gq/oBk o[}rko g?dk eoB ftu pj[sjh wjZstg{oB G{fwek oZyd/ jB. goni'eh T[dwFhbsk ~ eJh u[B"shnK Bkbf;ZMDk g? fojk j? fit/I L

• ifNb$r[zMbdko eo YKuk• f;ZXk ftd/Fh fBt/F (ns/ fJ; dh

xkN).

• fBt/F bJh T[sFkj ns/ gq/oBkdh xkN.

• ifNb ezgBh ek~B.• bkfJ;z;, ;thfeqshnK ns/ gkbBktK

ftu r[zMbK.

• t?Iuo e?ghNb bJh ;thfeqsh bJhw[FfebK.

• T[dweosktK bJh Y[Zet/I p[fBnkdhYKu/ dh xkN.

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• pkjo fBebD bJh r[zMbdko$ifNbfe;w.

T[dwFhbsk fJe ftF/F soQK dko[}rko jh j? i' L

1) ftek;Fhb d/FK dh nkofEe ftt;Ekd/ ftek; bJh }o{oh b'V j?.

2) rohph jNkT[D ns/ Bt/I o[}rkog?dk eoB ftu ;jkfJe j?.

3) BthI ;'u bJh wkj"b g?dk eodh j?.

4) gqwkfDs j? fe T[dweosk d{finKBkb'I tZX B"eohnK g?dk eod/ jB.

B"itkBK ~ f;ybkJh d/ e/ T[dwFhbskbJh gq/fonk ik ;edk j? feT[Ife fJ; bJhf;oiDFhbsk, ;wZf;nk ;[bMkT[D ns/ gqGkth;zuko torhnK ftF/F wjkosK dh b'Vj[zdh j?. fJfsjk;e gfog/y ftu Gkosftu B"eoh eoB tkfbnK Bkb'I ;t?-o[}rkotkb/ b'e f}nkdk oj/ jB. fJj ejktsfJ; ;ukJh dk gqsZy ;p{s j? fe @T[`swy/sh, wZXw tgko, BfyZX ukeoh Ghy d[nko.

o[}rko tXkT[D ftu T[`dwFhbsko[}rko tXkT[D ftu T[`dwFhbsko[}rko tXkT[D ftu T[`dwFhbsko[}rko tXkT[D ftu T[`dwFhbsko[}rko tXkT[D ftu T[`dwFhbskdh G{fwekdh G{fwekdh G{fwekdh G{fwekdh G{fwek

o[}rko tXkT[D ns/ T[dwFhbsktXkT[D bJh u[Ze/ ikD tkb/ edwK ftupj[s e[M ;KMk j?. ;oekoh B"eohnKo[}rko dk fJe S'Nk fijk fjZ;k jB.ftek;Fhb d/FK ftu nkofEe ftek; bJhT[dwFhbsk fJe wjZstg{oB ;kXB f;ZXj'Jh j?. fJj fJFkok eod/ ;p{s th jBfe T[dweosk j'oBK Bkb'I tZX o[}rkog?dk eod/ jB. T[dwFhb ekoi BthnKfJekJhnK d/ ftek; ~ T[sFkjs eod/jB fi; Bkb S'NhnK ns/ dofwnkBhnKfJekJhnK (n?; n?w Jh n?;) dk ftek;j[zdk j? i' o[}rko g?dk eoB ftu ;jkJhj[zdk j?. ftek;Fhb d/FK ftu n?; n?wJh n?; tZvh frDsh ftu o;wh B"eohnKg?dk eoB bJh f}zw/tko jB. fJBQKfJekJhnK dh y[ZbQD ftu wdd eoBk ns/fJBQK dh tZv/ ndkfonK$T[d:'rK ftu

fte;s j'D dh :'rsk ~ tXkT[D BkbgqGkth Yzr Bkb BthnK B"eohnK g?dkehshnK ik ;edhnK jB.

ftek;Fhb d/FK dh nkofEesk ~;[XkoB bJh fJe wjZstg{oB B[esk j?BthnK y'iK ns/ seBheK dk ftek;.BthnK y'iK$seBheK }o{oh jB feT[IfefJj T[sgkfdesk tXkT[D ns/ r[DtZsk;[XkoB ftu ;jkJh j[zdhnK jB. fJ;rZb d/ g[ysk ;p{s jB fe T[dwFhbskBthnK ekYK ~ T[sFkjs eodh j?. fJ;dk w[Zy ekoB FkfJd fJj jh j't/ feT[dweosk nkw s"o s/ B"itkB j'D ekoBgfotosB bJh T[sFkjs j[zd/ jB. T[jnZr/ tXD d/ Bt/I okj bZGd/ jB ns/]so/ ;j/VB bJh th fsnko j[zd/ jB.fJ; soQK T[dwFhbsk ftek;Fhb d/FK dhnkofEesk ~ e[dosh ;o'sK ns/ f;ybkJhofjs ekfwnK dh geV ftu'I eZY e/gfotosBFhb nkofEesk ftu pdbD dhgqfefonk dk fjZ;k pDh j? i' Bt/I T[sgkdns/ ;/tktK g?dk eo ;edhnK jB.

T[dweosk d/ ;cb j'D bJh fiBQKwjkosK dk T[go f}eo ehsk frnk j? -f;oiDFhbsk, ;wZf;nk ;[bMkT[D dh :'rskns/ gqGkth ;zuko - T[j f}nkdksosiop/ s'I jk;b j[zdhnK jB. n;cbskjh ;cbsk dk okj dZ;dh j?. go fJjo;wh f;ybkJh gq'rokwK okjhI th f;ZyhnKik ;edhnK jB go Fos fJj j? fefJj gq'rokw T[dweosktK ns/ wkbeKbJh jh oZy/ ikD ns/ T[j Bt/I r[DrqfjD eoB bJh fsnko j'D. ftfdnkoEhnK~ fJj :'rsktK ;e{b, ekbi gZXo s'I thf;ykJhnK ik ;edhnK jB. fJ; d/ Bkbjh T[BQK ~ b/ykekoh ns/ ftZsh gqpzXBtor/ ftfFnK #s/ th ikDekoh fdsh ikDhukjhdh j?. nfij/ gq'rokw T[sFkjs T[dwhnKd/ nkg;h w/b-fwbkg dk gb/Nckow thpDd/ jB i' T[dwFhb wkj"b T[;koBftu ;jkfJe j' ;ed/ jB. T[dwFhbsk

f;ybkJh d"okB jk;b ehshnK wjkosKo;wh B"eohnK bJh th T[BhnK jhbkGdkfJe j' ;edhnK jB fizBhnK ;t?-o[}rkoh T[dwFhbsk ftu. fJ; bJh}o{oh j? fe F[o{ s'I jh ftZfdne YKu/ dhT[;koh fJ; soQK dh j't/ fi; BkbftfdnkoEh nfijhnK wjkosK jk;b eoBd/ :'r j' ;eD.

T[dwFhb b'e fe;/ th d/F dhnkofEesk bJh ohVQ dh jZvh j[zd/ jB gon\;'; j? fe Gkos tor/ ftek;Fhbd/F ftu eJh gZXoK T[s/ eJh o[ektNKjB. ukj pDkT[D tkb/ s'I b? e/ tZv/-tZv/T[d:'rgsh ;ko/ jh T[dwFhbsk dh Fq/Dhftu nkT[Id/ jB go fJj ;ko/ nB[Fk;BhYKu/ nZr/ itkpd/j jB. j'o th pj[s;kohnK ;wZf;nktK jB fiBQK ~ d{o eoBT[gozs Gkos 21thI ;dh ftu ftFt dh;[go skes pDB d/ ;woZE j't/rk.

T[Ii sK ;oekoK jw/Fk jh fJ;;wZf;nk gqfs ikro{e ojhnK jB gogqXkB wzsoh B/ fJ; ;wZf;nk gqfs nkgDhgqfspZXsk ;gZFN eo fdsh j?. e/Ido ftufJe BtK wzsokbk pDkfJnk frnk i'Gkos ftu f}nkdk T[dweosk ns/ tgkohg?dk eoB ftu wdd eo/rk. fJ; bJh;oeko B/ gh gh gh wkvb ~ ngDkT[Dns/ T[sFkjs eoB dk th fBoDk fbnkj?. 2022 se 500 fwbhnB b'eK ~nfijhnK wjkosK f;ykT[D dk Nhuk fwfEnkfrnk j? fi; Bkb T[j nkgDk tgkonkozG eoB d/ :'r j' ;eD. Bt/Iwjkos ftek; tZb f}nkdk fXnkBe/Idfos ehsk ik fojk j?. go i' rZb:ehBh pDkT[D dh b'V j? T[j j? fefJj ;G e[ZM fes/ @Bhsh fBoXkoB# dhgZXo #s/ jh Bk ofj ikt/. w}p{s oki;hfJZSk Fesh Bkb jh fJj ;G e[M gqkgsehsk ik ;edk j?.

(b/ye ;[szso gZsoeko j?.)




Gkos #u T[sgkdB T[`dwK dh o[}rko tXkT[D ftu wjZsskGkos #u T[sgkdB T[`dwK dh o[}rko tXkT[D ftu wjZsskGkos #u T[sgkdB T[`dwK dh o[}rko tXkT[D ftu wjZsskGkos #u T[sgkdB T[`dwK dh o[}rko tXkT[D ftu wjZsskGkos #u T[sgkdB T[`dwK dh o[}rko tXkT[D ftu wjZssk

r[owhs e"or[owhs e"or[owhs e"or[owhs e"or[owhs e"o

;/ d/F dh nkofEesk ~ fszBfjZf;nK ftu tzfvnk iKdk j?.

gfjbk j? y/s, fi; ftu y/sh ns/ izrbnkfd nkT[Id/ jB, d{;ok j? T[d:'frey/so ns/ sh;ok ;/tktK fit/I nktkikJh,j'Nb, p?Ie nkfd. T[d:'fre y/so ftueko]kB/, xo/b{ ns/ S'NhnK T[d:'frefJekJhnK nkT[IdhnK jB. eko]kfBnK d/Fpd d/ noE jBl BthnK t;s{nK ~feos Fesh dh tos'I eoe/ tZv/ g?wkB/ #s/pDkT[Dk. fJBQK t;s{nK bJh eZuk wkbb? e/, T[; #s/ g{zih ns/ feos dh tos'Ieoe/, T[BQK t;s{nK d/ w[Zb ftu tkXkehsk iKdk j?. eko]kfBnK dk ftek;,d/F dh nkofEesk d/ ftek; Bkb i[fVnkj'fJnk j?. d[BhnK d/ fte;s d/FK ftuT[d:'fre y/so ftu f}nkdkso tZv/ g?wkB/d/ eko]kB/ jB ns/ pj[s xZN fJekJhnKS'N/ g?wkB/ dhnK jB, id fe d{;oh so\ftek; eo oj/ d/FK fit/I Gkos ftuf}nkdkso S'N/ g?wkB/ #s/ ns/ xo/b{T[d:'fre fJekJhnK jB id fe pj[sxZN tZv/ g?wkB/ dhnK fJekJhnK jB. gotZv/ g?wkB/ d/ eko]kfBnK ftu ezw eoBtkb/ feoshnK ns/ T[BQK dk T[sgkdB jo;kb jh tX fojk j?.

Gkos d/ e[b xo/b{ T[sgkdB ftutZv/ eko]kfBnK ftu :'rdkB 15H8 gqfsFsj? id fe xo/b{, S'N/ ns/ dofwnkB/doi/ dhnK T[d:'fre fJekJhnK dk :'rdkB12H1 gqfsFs j?. go Gkos ftu y/shpkVhdk :'rdkB xN e/ 14 gqfsFs s'I th

xZN j? id fe ;/tktK dk :'rdkB 57H7gqfsFs j?. fJj th pVh fdbu;g ;fEshj? fe Gkos nzdo y/sh ftu ni/ th58H2 gqfsFs b'e ezw eod/ jB go T[BQKdh nkwdB 14 gqfsFs s'I xZN j? id fetZv/ eko]kfBnK ftu 11H4 gqfsFs b'eezw eod/ jB go T[BQK dk e[b nkwdBftu fjZ;k 15H9 gqfsFs j? id fe ;/tktKd/ y/so ftu fiE/ f;o\ 19H9 gqfsFsb'e ezw eod/ jB T[BQK dk eZ[b T[sgkdBftu 57H7 gqfsFs fjZ;k j? i' fe T[BQK dht;'I s'I fszB r[Dk f}nkdk j?, d{;oh so\xo/b{, S'N/ ns/ dofwnkB/ doi/ dhnKT[d:'fre fJekJhnK ftu Gkt/I 10H5 gqfsFsb'e ezw eod/ jB go T[BQK dk eZ[bT[sgkdB ftu 12H1 gqfsFs fjZ;k j?.fJ; dk noE j? fe S'N/ g?wkB/ iK tZv/g?wkB/ dhnK fJekJhnK jB T[BQK ftu fizBhgqfsFs t;'I bZrh j'Jh j?, T[BQK dhnkwdB dh gqfsFs T[; s'I f}nkdk j?go ;/tktK d/ y/so dh t;'I dh nkwdB;G s'I f}nkdk j? id fe y/sh d/ y/sodh n";s nkwdB pj[s xZN j?.

d/F dk ftek; j'D Bkb, T[d:'frey/so ftu tkXk j[zdk j?, y/sh ftu bZrhj'Jh t;'I pdb e/ T[d:'rK tb brdhiKdh j?. i/ d[BhnK d/ tZy-tZy fte;sd/FK d/ ftek; d/ fJfsjk; tb t/yhJ/ sK;G s'I gfjbK tZvh t;'I y/sh ftu jh bZrhj[zdh j?, fco y/sh ftu ftek; j'D Bkb,T[d:'fre ftek; F[o{ j[zdk j? ns/ t;'Iy/sh s'I pdb e/ T[d:'rK ftu brdh

iKdh j?. fJj' tiQk j? fe d[BhnK d/ ;ko/jh fte;s d/FK ftu ;G s'I f}nkdk t;'IT[d:'rK ftu ns/ fco ;/tktK ftu bZrhj'Jh j? ns/ y/sh ftu fte;s d/FK ftuf;o\ 5 gqfsFs ns/ fJ; s'I th xZN t;'IbZrh j'Jh j?. T[BQK d/FK ftu o[}rkobJh tZv/ g?wkB/ dhnK T[d:'fre fJekJhnKjh w[Zy y/so jB ns/ fJBQK ;kohnKfJekJhnK ftu tZvh gZXo dh ;wkfie;[oZfynk fwbdh j?.

Gkos ftu tZv/ g?wkB/ d/ y/so ftu1 eo'V 20 bZy b'e bZr/ j'J/ jB fijV/1981-82 ftu 90 bZy d/ pokpo ;Bfi; dk noE j? fe fJBQK 35 ;kbK d/;w/I ftu tZv/ g?wkB/ dhnK T[d:'frefJekJhnK ftu o[}rko d/D bJh xZN w"e/pD/ jB fJ; dh tZvh tiQk fJj ojh j?fe tZv/ g?wkB/ dhnK fJekJhnK ftu w[Zy}'o g{zih ftu tkXk eoe/, uzrhnK seBheKdh tos'I eoe/ fJj e'fFF ehsh iKdh ojhj? fe bkrs ~ xNkfJnk ikt/ fi; ftufeoshnK dh frDsh th xNkJh iKdh j?.feoshnK dh irQk f}nkdk g{zih dh tos'Iehsh iKdh ojh j?. fJ; dk fJe tZvkekoB fJj th ;h fe 1991 s'I pkndid'I d[BhnK Go ftu T[dkoheoB, fBZiheoBns/ ftFtheoB dk o[MkB tfXnk ns/1995 s'I pknd id'I ftFt tgko ;z;EkdhnK ;kohnK wZdK bkr{ j' rJhnK ns/y[ZbQ/ tgko ~ T[sFkj fwfbnk sK joT[d:'fre fJekJh tb'I nzsookFNoh w[ekpb/dk ;kjwDk eoB bJh, fJj e'fFF ehsh

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rJh fe T[; dhnK t;s{nK dh wzvh ftuwzr tX/ fi; bJh }o{oh ;h fe T[BQKfJekJhnK dhnK pDhnK t;s{nK uzr/ r[DKtkbhnK j'D ns/ T[BQK dh ehws iKbkrs xZN j't/.

d{;oh so\ xo/b{, S'N/ g?wkB/ ns/dofwnkB/ doi/ dhnK T[d:'fre fJekJhnKftu i' fe fJ; tes seohpB 3H1 eo'Vd/ pokpo jB, ftu 7H3 eo'V b'e ezweo oj/ jB id fe T[BQK dk ;kbkBkT[sgkd 11000 nop o[gJ/ d/ pokpoj?. fJBQK S'NhnK fJekJhnK tb'I 6000 s'ItZX t;s{nK d/ w[ZbK ftu tkXk eoe/,T[gG'rhnK dh tos'I bJh g/F ehshnKiKdhnK jB fiBQK ftu ;{sh ns/ roweZgV/ ns/ ;hs/-f;bkJ/ eZgV/ nkfd ;G s'ItZX w[Zb d/ fsnko ehs/ iKd/ jB i' e[Zbw[Zb d/ brGr 20H5 gqfsFs d/ pokpopDd/ jB ns/ T[; s'I pknd nkT[IdhnKjB y[oke t;s{nK fijVhnK 14H3 gqfsFsd/ pokpo pDdhnK jB, XksK #s/ nkXkfosS'NhnK T[d:'fre fJekJhnK ftu pDhnKt;s{nK dk w[Zb 9H0 gqfsFs d/ pokpoj? id'I fe 8H5 gqfsFs w[Zb dhnK T[jt;s{nK pDdhnK jB fiBQK dh xoK ftutos'I ehsh iKdh j?. bZeVh dk coBhuons/ bZeVh Bkb ;zpzfXs t;s{nK 9H9gqfsFs d/ pokpo d/ w[Zb dhnK wFhBKns/ j'o g[o}/ nkfd 4H7 gqfsFs id fe|?o XksK #s/ nkXkfos w[Zb tkb/ dhnKt;s{nK 3H8 gqfsFs ns/ fJ; s'I fJbktkfJ; bzwh ;{uh ftu 29H5 gqfsFs w[ZbdhnK j'o t;s{nK pDdhnK jB.

tZv/ g?wkB/ d/ T[d:'r d/ w[ekpb/xo/b{, S'N/ g?wkB/ ns/ dofwnkB/ doi/dhnK T[d:'fre fJekJhnK ftu o[}rkod/ f}nkdk w"e/ fwb/ jB. fgSb/ ;kbKftu fJBQK fJekJhnK ftu o[}rko tfXnkj? Gkt/I fe fJBQK fJekJhnK ~ tZv/ g?wkB/dhnK, d/F d/ nzdo ns/ ftd/FK dhnKpj[d/Fh ezgBhnK dk w[ekpbk th eoBk

g?Idk j?. ]k; eoe/ 2001 s'I b? e/ 2011se d/ 11 ;kbK ftu fJBQK fJekJhnKftu o[}rko d/ w"e/ 5 r[Dk d/ pokpotX/ jB. 2001 ftu fJBQK fJekJhnK ftuf;o\ 2 eo'V b'e o[}rko gqkgs eo oj/;B fiBQK ftu tkXk j' e/ 2006 ftu T[j3H00 eo'V d/ pokpo j' rJ/, go 2011ftu fJj 10H5 eo'V j' rJ/ iK fJedwfszB r[Dk tkXk j'fJnk. o[}rko ftufJzBk tkXk tZv/ g?wkB/ dhnK fJekJhnKftu jh BjhI j'fJnk ;r'I T[BQK fJekJhnKftu t;s{nK ftu w[ekpb/ dh :'rsk g?dkeoB dh d"V ftu e[M ;kbK ftu o[}rkoftu fpbe[b jh e'Jh tkXk Bk j'fJnk.

;w[Zu/ Gkos ftu ofi;Nv c?eNohnKdh frDsh 2010-11 ftu tX e/ 2 bZy11 j}ko 660 j' rJh fiBQK ftu 160H70yop o[gJ/ ;fEo g{zih ti'I bZr/ j'J/ ;BfiBQK ftu 62H03 nop o[gJ/ dh ukb{g{zih bZrh j'Jh ;h. fJBQK fJekJhnK d/f}zw/ 82H56 nop o[gJ/ dk eo}k ;h gofJBQK ftu o[}rko f;o\ 99 bZy 1 j}ko970 ftneshnK dk ;h, id fe j'oeowukoh ns/ fJBQK Bkb ;zpzfXs e[bftneshnK dh frDsh 1 eo'V 26 bZyftnesh pDdh j? fiBQK ~ 212H90 yopo[gJ/ ;kbkBk sB]kj d/ o{g ftu fwbd/jB. fJBQK tZvhnK c?eNohnK tb'I ;kbkBk467 nop o[gJ/ dk wkb g?dk ehsk iKdkj?. fJE/ fJj rZb toBD :'r j? fe tZv/g?wkB/ dhnK c?eNohnK ftu g{zih f}nkdkbZrh j'Jh j?, T[sgkdB th f}nkdk ehskiKdk j?, go g{zih ~ feoshnK dh irQk #s/tosD eoe/, o[}rko xZN j?, id fe S'N/g?wkB/ dhnK fJekJhnK ftu g{zih th xZNbZrh j?, T[sgkdB th xZN j? go o[}rkof}nkdk j?.

ftek; d"okB y/sh nkXkfos t;'Ipdb e/ T[d:'rK ftu brdh iKdh j?.fe;/ th ][Fjkb ns/ fte;s nkofEeskdh fJj Fos j? fe T[E'I d/ T[d:'r

fte;s j'D ns/ g{oB o[}rko j't/.Gkos ftu gzikp y/sh ftu ;G s'I fte;soki j? fiE/ gqfs J/eV T[gi fJ; t/b/nkgD/ f;]o #s/ gj[zu u[Zeh j? fiE/ j'otkXk eoBk pj[s w[Ffeb ikgdk j? goy/sh d/ fJzBk fte;s j'D d/ pkti{do[}rko bJh ni/ th y/sh jh w[Zy g/Fkj?. fJj fJ; bJh BjhI fe y/sh fJebkj/tzd g/Fk j? ;r'I fJ; bJh fe y/sh s'IfJbktk o[}rko d/ j'o w"e/ xZN jB ]k;eoe/ T[d:'r xZN tX/ jB.

fBowkD T[d:'rK ns/ S'N/ g?wkB/ d/

T[d:'rK dk pj[s jh uzrk w[ekpbk gzikps'I g/F ehsk ik ;edk j? i' ;ko/ Gkos d/

okiK pko/, T[d:'rK ns/ o[}rko dhs;tho ~ ;gZFN eodk j?. gzikp ftu

tZv/ g?wkB/ ns/ dofwnkB/ doi/ dhnKfJekJhnK dh e[Zb frDsh f;o\ 380 j?

fiBQK ftu 50175H89 eo'V o[gJ/ dh g{zihbZrh j'Jh j? id fe fJBQK fJekJhnK ftu

f;o\ 2 bZy 38 j}ko 589 feosh ezweod/ jB s/ T[BQK fJekJhnK tb'I 9239H83eo'V o[gJ/ dk ;kbkBk T[sgkdB ehsk

iKdk j?. S'N/ g?wkB/ dhnK fJekJhnK dhfrDsh 1 bZy 54 j}ko 421 j? fiBQK

ftu f;o\ 11459H15 eo'V o[gJ/ dh;fEo g{zih bZrh j'Jh j? go fJBQK fJekJhnK

ftu 10 bZy 77 j}ko 616 feosh ezweod/ jB i' ;kbkBk 6291H25 eo'V o[gJ/

dk wkb fsnko eod/ jB. fJ; s'I fJjnzdk}k bkfJnk ik ;edk j? fe tZv/ ns/

dofwnkB/ doi/ ftu 4 r[Dk f}nkdk g{zihbZrh j'Jh j/ i' 9239H83 eo'V dk

;kbkBk T[sgkdB eod/ jB iK fJj feS'N/ g?wkB/ dhnK fJekJhnK s'I v/Y r[Dk

d/ pokpo T[sgkdB b?D bJh 4 r[Dk s'ItZX g{zih bkJh rJh j? id fe d{;oh

so\ S'N/ g?wkB/ dhnK fJekJhnK ftuGkt/I g{zih sK uko r[Dk xZN bZrh j'Jh j?go o[}rko 6 r[Dk s'I tZX g?dk ehskfrnk j? fi; dk noE j? fe S'N/ g?wkB/


dhnK fJekJhnK ftu o[}rko g?dk eoBd/ f}nkdk w"e/ jB. fJ; d/ w[ekpb/ i/j'o tZv/ T[d:'r fijV/ fBowkD T[d:'rftu nkT[Id/ jB, Bkb s[bBk eohJ/ sKgsk brdk j? fe T[BQK ftu g{zih j'of}nkdk bZrh j'Jh j?, T[sgkdB th f}nkdkj? go ftF/F wFhBK ns/ T[Bs seBkb'iheoe/, T[BQK ftu o[}rko j'o xZN j? fi;soQK gzikp ftu fJ; fe;w d/ tZv/T[d:'r ftu j?, fJ; soQK jh d/F Go d/j'o okiK ftu th j?.

T[go fds/ sZEK s'I fJj rZb ;gZFNj' iKdh j? fe d/F d/ ftek;, o[}rkogqkgsh ns/ ][Fjkbh bJh T[d:'rK dkfte;s j'Dk fezBk }o{oh j?, ]k; eoe/o[}rko tXkT[D bJh feT[Ife i' y/shpkVhfJe ;hwk s'I pknd j'o o[}rko w"e/ g?dkBjhI eo ;edh. nkw s"o s/ 20 s'I 50;kb dh T[wo ftukb/ d/ b'eK ~ o[}rkogqkgs eoB tkbh t;'I frfDnk iKdk j?.fJe nzdk}/ nB[;ko 2007 se Gkosftu fJ; T[wo tor dh t;'I e[Zb t;'Idk 60 gqfsFs ;h ns/ fJj nzdk}kbkfJnk frnk fe 2002 se fJj frDshtX e/ 63 gqfsFs j' ikt/rh ns/ fJ; 3gqfsFs d/ tkX/ Bkb 47 fwbhnB j'ot;'I ~ o[}rko gqkgsh dh b'V j't/rh.fJ; soQK fiE/ gfjbK jh tZvh p/o[}rkot;'I bJh ;kbkBk 1H20 eo'V BthnKB'eohnK g?dk eoB dh b'V j? T[E/ tXhj'Jh t;'I eoe/, B"eohnK ftu j'o tZv/tkX/ eoB dh b'V gt/rh fi; bJh y/shns/ ;/tktK d/ y/so jh BjhI ;r'I T[d:'frey/so jh wdd eo ;edk j?. fJE/ fJjrZb th toBD:'r j? fe nzsookFNohfeos ;z;Ek d/ nB[;ko Gkos ftu 60;kbK s'I tZX ftneshnK dh frDsh xZNj? id fe nwohek ftu 65 ;kbK s'I tZXftnesh e[Zb t;'I dk 39 gqfsFs ;h,iowBh ftu 53 gqfsFs ns/ igkB ftu67 gqfsFs j' ikDr/. Gkos ftu 60;kbK s'I tZX ftneshnK dh frDsh f;o\

19 gqfsFs jh j't/rh. fJ; dk noEfJj th j? fe n";s T[wo xZN j'Deoe/, f}nkdkso t;'I T[j BjhI fijVhfBoGo eodh j't/ go fJ; dk noE fJjth j? fe f}nkdkso t;'I T[j j? i' ezweoBk ukj[zdh j? ns/ ezw tkbh t;'I frDhiKdh j?. go f}nkdk p/o[}rkoh j'Deoe/ fJj wB[Zyh ;kXBK dk tZvk B[e;kBj? feT[Ife i' feos fijVh nZi BjhI ehshrJh, T[; ~ eZbQ se puk e/ sK tofsnkBjhI ik ;edk.

;oeko tb'I fijVh okFNoh fBowkDBhsh 2011 n?bkBh rJh ;h T[; d/T[d/F ;B T[d:'fre y/so ftu 10 eo'VBthnK B"eohnK g?dk eoe/, T[d:'frey/so dk e[Zb xo/b{ T[sgkdB ftu 2022se fjZ;k tXk e/ 25 gqfsFs eo d/Dk.fJ; Bhsh ftu fJe okFNoh fBt/F ns/fBowkD;k}h fyZsk fte;s eoBk ;h fi;ftu ;zrfms T[d:'fre Ffjo ;Ekgsehs/ ikD. fJj uhB tb'I tZv/ T[d:'frefyZs/ pDkT[D tkbh Bhsh d/ ;wo{g ;hns/ fJ; bJh sith} ;h fe 5000j?eNo G{wh #s/ fJ; soQK d/ ;zrfmsT[d:'fre fyZs/ pDkJ/ ikD i' tZy-tZyEktK #s/ ;Ekgs ehs/ ikD.

;oeko tb'I T[d:'fre y/so ~ o[}rkod/ w"e/ tXkT[D bJh fijVh Bhsh ngDkJhrJh j? T[; ftu f}nkdk fXnkB S'N/ ns/dofwnkB/ doi/ dhnK fJekJhnK #s/ fdskfrnk j? feT[Ife fJBQK ftu o[}rko d/f}nkdk w"e/ jB. e[M T[d:'fre fJekJhnKfi; soQK y[oke t;s{nK d/ T[d:'r S'N/iK tZv/ g?wkB/ #s/ fJe;ko :'rsk Bkb y'bQ/ik ;ed/ jB, iK fJBQK t;s{nK bJh tZv/g?wkB/ dhnK fJekJhnK d/ T[BQK bkGK dh]k; wjZssk BjhI j? fi; bJh T[BQKfJekJhnK dh gSkD eoB dh b'V j?fijVh xZN g{zih Bkb, go f}nkdk :'rskBkb S'N/ g?wkB/ #s/ ubkJhnK ik ;edhnKjB sK fe o[}rko ftu tZvk tkXk ehskik ;e/. BthI Bhsh ftu fJ; rZb #s/ th

fXnkB d/D dh b'V j? fe tZy-tZy y/soKftu T[E'I d/ fwbd/ eZu/ wkb #s/ nkXkfosfJekJhnK ;Ekgs ehshnK ikD fiBQK ~T[BQK d/ xoK d/ e'b jh o[}rko fwb;e/.

BthI Bhsh ftu fJ; rZb tZb th

fXnkB d/Dk ukjhdk j? fe T[BQK fJekJhnK~ gfjb fdsh ikt/, eo}/ dh ;j{bs

fdsh ikt/ ns/ j'o ;j{bsK fdshnK ikDfiBQK ftu f}nkdk feos xDsk oZydhnK

jB. T[d:'fre y/so ftu ezw eoB tkb/feosh f}nkdk e[Fb feosh j'Dr/, T[BQK

dh T[sgkfdesk th f}nkdk j't/rh ns/T[BQK dh ewkJh th f}nkdk j't/rh, fi;

Bkb d/F ftu ][Fjkbh dk wj"b g?dkj't/rk. e[Fb feosh g?dk eoB bJh

fiBQK ~ nk;kBh Bkb T[d:'rK ftu o[}rkofwb ;e/ fsnko eoB bJh tZy-tZy y/soK

ftu FfjoK ns/ fgzvK ftu T[d:'fref;ybkJh ;z;EktK y'bQ e/, T[BQK T[d:'fre

fJekJhnK dhnK b'VK nB[;ko feosh fsnkoehs/ ikD. T[d:'fre feosh dh wjZssk~ ;wMfdnK j'fJnK fJj th }o{oh j? fe

;e{bK, ekbiK #u b'V nB[a;ko g/Fkto e'o;K~ j'o ftZfdnk d/ Bkb F[o{ ehsk ikt/.

nZi d/ ftFt w[ekpb/ ftu t;s{nK~ w[ekpb/:'r pDkT[D bJh Gkt/I fe tZv/

g?wkB/ dhnK fJekJhnK dh wjZssk tXrJh j? go w[Zy rZb j?, E'VQh g{zih bk

e/, f}nkdk ns/ uzrk T[sgkdB g?dk eoBdh. fJBQK bJh e[Fb feoshnK, BthnK

seBheK ns/ nkX[fBe wFhBoh th pokpodh wjZssk oZydhnK jB. Gkos ftu fi;

ftd/Fh g{zih d/ fBt/F bJh e'fFFK ehshnKik ojhnK jB T[BQK ftu ;G s'I T[uh

soihj T[; fBt/F bJh j'Dh ukjhdh j?fijVh T[d:'fre fBt/F ~ tXkt/ sK fe

o[}rko ftu tkXk j' ;e/, ns/ o[}rko d/tkX/ bJh s/} T[d:'fre ftek; dh pj[s

wjZssk j?.

(b/fyek ;[szso gZsoeko j?.)


fynk y/so ftu ftd/FK T[gofBoGosk xZN eoBk ns/ ;t?-

fBoGosk gqkgs eoBk nZi ftebg dhpikfJ fJe b'V j?. ;oeko B/ fJ; d/fgS'eV ftu jfEnkopzd b'VK ~ g{okeoB bJh ;ZBns ns/ iBse y/so d/ndkfonK d/ o{g ftu T[sgkdB ;woZEkdk fBowkD ehsk j?. jkbKfe, tZy-tZyoZfynk ndkfonK d/ T[sgkdB dh ;woZEk~ fte;s eoB bJh Gkos ftu fBZihy/so dh G{fwek tXkT[D #s/ }'o d/D dhb'V j?. gqXkB wzsoh B/ d/F ftu tZy-tZyt;s{nK d/ fBowkD ~ tXkT[D bJh @w/efJB fJzvhnk# fJe wjZstg{oB gfjb ehshj?. j'o t;s{nK w[skfpe oZfynk T[geoBKd/ xo/b{ T[sgkdB dh pj[s b'V j?,feT[Ife fJBQK s'I Bk e/tb ehwsh ftd/Fhw[dok dh pus j't/rh, ;r'I okFNoh ;[oZfynkfuzsktK ~ th d{o ehsk ik ;e/rk.

oZfynk y/so ftu ;oeko jh fJewkso T[gG'rsk j? ns/ @w/e fJB fJzvhnk#;kvh yohd Bhsh tb'I ;zukfbs j't/rh.;oeko dh xo/b{ oZfynk T[d:'r ~T[sFkj d/D dh Bhsh, oZfynk yohd Bhshftu uzrh soQK gqfsfpzfps j[zdh j?. fiE/@pkJh fJzvhnB# ns/ @pkJh n?Iv w/e fJzvhnB#Fq/DhnK dk pkJh rb'pb s'I gfjbK ;EkBnkT[Idk j?. nkT[D tkb/ ;w/I ftu dokwdd[obZG j[zdk ikt/rk ns/ }o{oh ftt;Ek d/fBowkD ns/ ftek; bJh gfjbh tkone;o Gkosh T[d:'r ~ gqkgs j't/rk.Gb/ jh Gkosh ezgBhnK dh toswkB ftuseBkb'ih d/ wkwb/ ftu gqkgs ;woEk Bkj't/, T[BQK ftd/Fh ezgBhnK Bkb ;z:[esT[dw, seBkb'ih spkdbk dh ftt;Ek s/

oZfynk y/so ftu oZfynk y/so ftu oZfynk y/so ftu oZfynk y/so ftu oZfynk y/so ftu w/e fJB fJzvhnkw/e fJB fJzvhnkw/e fJB fJzvhnkw/e fJB fJzvhnkw/e fJB fJzvhnk

rmpzXB bJh gq's;kfjs ehsk iKdk j?.

fgSb/ e[M wjhfBnK ftu, oZfynkyohd ew/Nh tb'I wB}{o b'V dh wB}{oht/oftnK T[go B}o wkohJ/ sK @pkJhfJzvhnB# ns/ @pkJh n?Iv w/e fJzvhnB#Fq/DhnK sfjs 65 j}ko eo'V o[gJ/ s'If}nkdk d/ gq;skt nkJ/ jB. GftZy ftuxo/b{ T[d:'rK s'I oZfynk yohd gqfefonknZr/ th ikoh oj/rh. yohd gqfefonk ~tZX e[Fb, ;wKpX ns/ T[whd w[skfpepDkfJnk ikt/rk sK fe T[d:'r, ;kv/jfEnkopzd pbK dhnK b'VK dhnK g{oshbJh nrKjtX{ y'i ns/ ftek; ns/fBt/F :'iBk pDk ;e/.

j[D se oZfynk y/so ftu xo/b{T[d:'r d/ gqt/F bJh bkfJ;z; ns/ f;ZX/ftd/Fh fBt/F gkpzdh nkfd ~ b? e/ eJhw[FfebK ;B. fgSb/ 6 wjhfBnK ftu;oeko B/ oZfynk fBowkD y/so ftufBt/F dh gqfefonk ~ nk;kB pDkT[DbJh eJh BhshnK ~ T[dko pDkfJnk j?.;G s'I wjZstg{oB oZfynk y/so ftu f;ZX/ftd/Fh fBt/F ~ T[sFkj d/D bJh n?cvh nkJh Bhsh ~ T[dko pDkfJnk frnkj?. j[D ;oekoh wkfXnw Bkb n?c nkJhgh ph dh wB}{oh Bkb 49 gqfsFs f;ZX/ftd/Fh fBt/F ~ wB}{oh fdsh rJh j?.fiE/ fes/ th nkX[fBe ns/ BthBswseBkb'ih fwbdh j? T[E/ ;[oZfynk ;zpzXhe?pfBN ew/Nh dh wB}{oh Bkb wkwb/ dowkwb/ ftu 49 gqfsFs f;ZXk ftd/FhfBt/F ~ th wB}{oh fdsh rJh j?.oZfynk yohd Bhsh ftu gfjbK s'I w"i{d;z;Ekrs fBt/F ns/ pj[ws fjZ;/dkohtkbh Gkosh F/no Xkoe ;zpzXh gkpzdhnK

th jNk bJ/ rJ/ jB.

Gkt/I fe nkJh vh nko ek~B sfjs;ZBnsh bkfJ;z; gqkgs eoB s'I pknd;kb 2001 s'I fBZih y/so d/ T[d:'r ~oZfynk T[sgkdB d/ y/so ftu wB}{ohfdsh rJh ;h go ;ZBnsh bkfJ;z; gqkgseoBk fJe pj[s ifNb gqfefonk ;h i' feT[g-n;?Ipbh, T[g-gqDkbh, ns/ fjZ;/-g[o}/pDkT[D tkb/ ftneshnK bJh, ]k; eoe/bx{ ns/ dofwnkB/ T[d:'rK bJh, fJegqw[Zy nVuD ;h. ;oeko B/ bkfJ;z;Bhsh ~ T[dko pDkfJnk j? ns/ j[DfjZ;/-g[o}/, eZuk wkb, f;Zfynk T[geoB,T[sgkdB wFhBoh, ek;fNzr ns/ c'ofizrnkfd ~ bkfJ;z; d/ dkfJo/ s'I pkjooZfynk frnk j?. i' ezgBhnK fJ; soQKdhnK t;s{nK dk T[sgkdB eoBk ukj[zdhnKjB, j[D T[BQK ~ bkfJ;z; dh b'V BjhIj't/rh ns/ Bk jh T[BQK T[go 49 gqfsFsn?c vh nkJh dh ;hwk dh gkpzdh j't/rh.tZy-tZy F/qDhnK d/ T[d:'rK d/ gkbDbJh fJe ftnkge ;[oZfynk w?B{nb fsnkoehsk frnk j? sK fe ezgBhnK dh fJ;se nk;kB gj[zu j't/ ns/ T[; w[skpefJ; dk gkbB ehsk ik ;e/. ;ZBnshbkfJ;z; dh F[o{nksh fwnkd 2 s'I tXk e/3 ;kb eo fdsh rJh j?.

gfjbh tko, fJe oZfynk pokwdBhsh fsnko ehsh rJh j?, fi; ~gpfbe v'w/B ftu oZfynk frnk j?. fJ;Bhsh ~ oZfynk T[sgkdK d/ fBo:ks ~T[sFkj d/D bJh ;oeko tb'I ehs/ ikDtkb/ ]k; T[gktK dh o{g-o/yk fdsh rJh.fJ; Bhsh ftu xo/b{ T[d:'r ~ bzw/I;w/I ftu f}nkdk fNekT[ pDkT[D dkT[d/F fBfjs j? feT[Ife fJj T[d:'r F[ZXo{g Bkb xo/b{ wzr T[go fBoGo BjhI

w/e fJB fJzvhnkw/e fJB fJzvhnkw/e fJB fJzvhnkw/e fJB fJzvhnkw/e fJB fJzvhnk

oZoZoZoZoZ



XkB wzsoh ;qh Bo/Ido w'dh dhnrtkJh tkbh ;oeko B/ d/F

ftu gqd{FB ofjs T{oik ~ jZbkF/oh d/DbJh eJh \?;b/ bJ/ jB. fJ; ftu ;"oc'N' t'bfNe gkto gqki?eNK Bkb i[V/ fJejk}ko s'I tZX w?rktkN ;woZEk tkb/ rfoZv;Ekgs eoB bJh e/Idoh iBse y/sodhnK fJekJhnK bJh fJe j}ko eo'Vo[gJ/ dh ftZsh ;jkfJsk Fkfwb j?. 500w?rktkN dh ;woZEk tkb/ 25 ;"o gkoeKdh ;EkgBk bJh e/Ido s'I 4 j}ko 50eo'V o[gJ/ ftZsh ;jkfJsk dh b'V j?.oZfynk s/ Bhw-c"ih ndkfonK tZb'I 300 s'ItZX w?rktkN dh ;woZEk tkb/ ;'bo gktogqki?eNK dh ;EkgBk th Fkfwb j?. fJBQK\?;fbnK Bkb Gkos d[BhnK ftu w[Zy;'bo fpibh T[sgkdB eoB tkbk d/FpD ikt/rk. feT[Ife fJzB/ tZv/ gZXo T[s/d[BhnK ftu fes/ th ;"o gkto gqki?eNfte;s BjhI ehs/ ik oj/ jB.

e/Idoh piN 2014 nB[;ko ftek;ekoK~ okjs d/D ns/ T[sgkdB d/ o?IgnZg ~:ehBh pDkT[D bJh pj[s e[M eoB dhb'V j?. fJj s/}h Bkb F[o{ ns/ g"D;woZEk ~ tXkT[D d/ ;woZE j't/rh. w/efJzB fJzvhnk gq'rokw dh bkJhB BkbGkos ftu ;"o fBowkD jZp pDkT[D ~soihj d/D bJh fJj gq'rokw F[o{ ehskfrnk j?. fJBQK gfjbK Bkb xo/b{ fBowksktKdh nkovo feskp T[s/ tZvh fdZy j't/rh.seBkb'ih ~ T[funkT[D ns/ bkrs ~xNkT[D d/ :'r pDkT[D bJh w"ekj't/rk.

d/F ftu BftnkT[D:'r T{oik, fpibh

T{oikT{oikT{oikT{oikT{oik

T{oik d/ p[fBnkdh YKu/ d/ ftek; #s/ }'o T{oik d/ p[fBnkdh YKu/ d/ ftek; #s/ }'o T{oik d/ p[fBnkdh YKu/ d/ ftek; #s/ }'o T{oik d/ p[fBnkdh YKu/ d/ ftek; #s/ }'o T{oik d/ p[fBnkdh YKu/ d/ ftek; #s/ }'o

T[sgkdB dh s/}h Bkb ftek; do dh;j{bs bJh BthB s/ BftnkT[D:'rwzsokbk fJe BftnkT[D:'r T{oik fpZbfsnko eo fojk j?. fJ; s'I fJbktk,wzsokbk nkT[Id/ gzi ;kbK ftu tZv/ g?wkB/T[s/ :'iBk th fsnko eo fojk j?.

16thnK b'e ;Gk u'DK s'I pknd;z;d d/ d'jK ;dBK d/ gfjb/ fJibk; ~;zp'XB eofdnK okFNogsh ;qh gqDp w[yoihB/ T{oik y/so ftu BthI ;oeko dhnKgfjbK pko/ fejk fe ;oeko fJe ftnkgeokFNoh T{oik Bhsh fbnkt/rh ns/ T{oik;zpzfXs p[fBnkdh YKuk, wB[Zyh ;o's ns/seBkb'ih d/ ftek; T[s/ fXnkB d/t/rh.;oeko dk T[d/F ek\h fotkfJsh ns/ |?ofotkfJsh ;o'sK d/ T[fus skbw/b okjhIfpibh T[sgkdB ;woZEk tXkT[D dk j?.fJj okFNoh ;"o fwFB dk ft;skoeo/rk ns/ r?; rfoZv Bkb gfotkoK ns/;ZBnsK ~ i'V/rk.

ftFt gZXo T[s/ Gkos dh neF?T{oik dh ;zGktBk g/F eoB bJh n?wn?B nko Jh, Gkosh BftnkT[D:'r T{oikftek; J/iz;h fbwfNv, Gkosh ;ZBns ;zx(;h nkJh nkJh) ns/ tDi s/ ;ZBnsGkosh ;zrmBK d/ ;zx (fcZeh) d/ ;fj:'rBkb gqXkB wzsoh tb'I F[o{ ehsh Gkosftu pDkT[ gfjb eoB bJh fJe c?b'nZgd/ s"o s/ 15 s'I 17 \otoh 2015 se ftFthBftnkT[D:'r T{oik fBt/F gq's;kjB p?medk nk:'iB eo fojk j?.

d/F ftu ;tZS T{oik ~ jZbkF/ohd/D bJh BthI s/ BftnkT[D:'r T{oikwzsokbk dhnK w[Zy gfjbK dk ft;sko

;fjs toDB j/mK ehsk frnk j? L

• ;"o gkoeK ns/ nbNok w?rk ;"oT{oik gq'i?eNK d/ ftek; bJh ;ehw L;oeko B/ w"i{dk 25 ;"o gkoeK dh;EkgBk bJh fJe ;ehw wB}{o ehsh j?.jo/e dh 500 iK fJ; s'I tZX w?rktkNdh ;woZEk j?. nkT[Id/ gzi ;kbK ftutZy-tZy okiK ftu nbNok w?rk T{oikgqki?eNK ~ fte;s ehsk ikt/rk. fJ;bJh 4 j}ko 50 eo'V o[gJ/ dh e/IdohftZsh ;jkfJsk dh b'V j?. fJj gkoe;"o T{oik gqki?eNK bJh 20 j}ko w?rktkNs'I tZX fpibh g?dk eoB bJh :'r j'ikDr/. 12 okiK B/ ;"o T{oik gkoeK dh;EkgBk bJh nkgDh ;fjwsh d/ fdsh j?.fJBQK ftu r[ioks, wZX gqd/F, s/bzrkBk,nKXo gqd/F, eoBkNe, T[`so gqd/F,w/xkfbnk, izw{ ns/ eFwho, gzikp, oki;EkB,sfwbBkv{ ns/ UvhFk Fkfwb jB. ;"ogkoeK ~ oki ;oekoK ns/ J/iz;hnK d/;fj:'r Bkb fte;s ehsk ikt/rk.

;"o ghHthH gkto gqki?eNK Bkb i[V/300 w?rktkN s'I tZX fpibh g?dk eoBtkb/ rfoZvK dh ;EkgBk L nkT[Id/ gzi;kbK 2014-19 d"okB itkjo bkb Bfjo{okFNoh ;"o fwFB j/m fJe ftF/F \zvBkb rqfj wkwfbnK pko/ wzsokbk j/moZfynk ns/ Bhw-c"ih pb wzsokbk d/oZfynk ndkfonK tb'I fJ; ;ehw j/m;'bo ghHthHgkto gqki?eN Bkb i[V/ 300w?rktkN d/ rfoZv ns/ nk\ rfoZv ;Ekgsehs/ ikDr/. fJ; ;ehw j/m Fos bk}whj? fe ;Ekgs ehs/ ikD tkb/ ;ko/ ;'bogbKNK ftu bZrD tkb/ ghHthH ;?b ns/

gqgqgqgqgq


w?fvT{b Gkos ftu jh pDkJ/ ikDr/.fJ; ;ehw ~ bkr{ eoB bJh okFNohgqd{FB-ofjs T{oik \zv s'I n?w n?B nkoJh bJh 750 eo'V o[gJ/ dh ftt;Ekehsh rJh j?.

• ;ehw ~ bkr{ eoB bJh ftF/Fczfvzr Bkb e/Idoh iBse y/so dhnKfJekJhnK ns/ Gkos ;oeko d/ ;zrmBKtb'I ;'bo ghHthH gkto gqki?eNK Bkb i[V/fJe j}ko w?rktkN d/ froZv dh ;EkgBk;oeko B/ 2015-16 s'I 2017-18 d"okBtZy-tZy e/Ido ns/ oki ;ehwK j/m e/IdohiBse y/so dhnK fJekJhnK tb'I fJej}ko eo'V o[gJ/ dh czv ;jkfJsk Bkb;'bo ghHthH gkto gqki?eNK Bkb i[V/ fJej}ko w?rktkN d/ rfoZv dh ;EkgBk bJh;ehw th wB}{o eo fdsh j?. fJ;;ehw ftu Fos oZyh rJh j? fe ;'bogbKN ;Ekgs eoB ftu tos/ ikD tkb/;ko/ ghHghH ;?b ns/ w?fvT{b Gkos ftujh pDkJ/ ikDr/. e/Idoh iBse y/sodhnK fJekJhnK ns/ Gkos ;oeko d/;zrmB fit/I n?B Nh gh ;h, n?b n?u gh;h, ;h nkJh n?b, nkJh nko Jh vhJ/, Gkosh o/bt/, nkfd ;'bo gkto gqki?eNKdh ;EkgBk bJh nZr/ nk oj/ jB.

• BftnkT[D:'r T{oik gqki?eNK dktorheoB bkb s'I jo/ tor ftu L n?wn?B nko Jh, dh p/Bsh T[s/ tksktoB s/izrbks wzsokbk B/ \?;bk ehsk j? fee/Idoh ns/ oki gqd{FB fB:zsqD p'ovj/m ;'bo, g"D ns/ S'N/ ib gqki?eNK dktorheoB bkb Fq/Dh s'I pkjo eZY e/ jo/tor ftu oZfynk ikt/rk. e/Idoh gqd{FBfB:zsqD p'ov B/ ;ZBnsK d/ torK ftu;'X ikoh ehsh j?. T[; w[skfpe ;kohnK;woZEk tkb/ g"D ns/ ;"o gkto gqki?eNns/ 25 w?rktkN s'I xZN ;woZEk tkb/S'N/ ib fpibh gqki?eNK ~ joh Fq/Dh ftuoZfynk frnk j?. fJBQK bJh gqki?eNK s/ftek;ekoK ~ F[o{ ftu jh fJe tko

;EkgBk ns/ T[funkT[D bJh oki gqd{FBfB:zsqD p'ov s'I gqwkfDesk jk;b eoBhj't/rh.

• 12thI gzi ;kbk :'iBk d"okB;ehwK ikoh ofjDrhnK L 12thI :'iBkd"okB ;ehwK ~ ikoh oZyD bJh ;oekoB/ j/m fdshnK ;ehwK wB}{o eo fdshnKjB L(T) B?FBb pkfJU r?; ns/ ykdgqpzXB gq'rokw, (n) yzv fwZbK ns/ rfoZvfJBNoN?efNt pkfJUwk; gkto ns/ pkfJUr?; ;fj T[sgkdB d/ gq's;kjB d/ ;woEBbJh ;ehw, (J) S'N/ ib fpibh d/ftek; bJh gq'rokw ns/ (;) itkjobkb Bfjo{ okFNoh ;"o fwFB j/m nkcrfoZv ns/ fte/IdoheoB, ;"o T[goeB.

• BfjoK d/ feBko/ ns/ BfjoK d/T[go ;'bo ghHthH gqki?eNK Bkb i[V/ rfoZvd/ ftek; bJh ;ehw L n?w n?B nko JhB/ 12thI gzi ;kbk :'iBk d"okB 975eo'V o[gJ/ dh nB[wkBs bkrs Bkb d/Fftu BfjoK d/ feBko/ ns/ BfjoK T[s/;'bo ghHthH gbKNK Bkb i[V/ rfoZv d/ftek; bJh ;ehw F[o{ ehsh j?. fi;ftu e/Idoh ftZs ;jkfJsk 228 eo'V o[gJ/Fkfwb j?. fJ; ;ehw dk T[d/F BfjoKd/ T[gob/ |?o fJ;s/wkb y/so ns/ BfjoKd/ feBko/ Bkb brdh ;oekoh ykbh EKdh bkj/tzd tos'I jk;b eoBk j?. T[E/th fiE/ rfoZv bJh fpibh g?dk eoBbJh ;'bo ghHthH gkto T[sgkdB, gqki?eN;Ekgs eoB ns/ 100 w?rktkN ;woZEktkb/ ;'bo ghHthH gqki?eNK dh ;EkgBkbJh EK T[gbpX j't/.

• SZsK T[s/ ;"o ghHthH bJh ftZsh;jkfJsk L e/Idoh ftZs wzsokbk j/m ftZsh;/tktK ftGkr B/ ;ko/ p?IeK ~ jdkfJsfdsh j? fe T[j xo dh SZs T[s/ ;'boghHthH brkT[D bJh xo tk;s/ eo}kb??D tkfbnK ~ jZbkF/oh d/D ns/ T[BQKdhnK j'w b'B sith}K fit/I |?o ;"oo"FBh, skoK ns/ j'o nfijhnK chfNzr

dhnK t;sK ftu T[geoBK dhnK ehwsKth Fkfwb eoB. fJ; d/ fJbktk Gkoshfo}ot p?Ie B/ ;ko/ ;{uhpX tgkoe p?IeKsoihj eo}k y/so j/m nk\ rfoZvBftnkT[D:'r T{oik ;wkXkB ~ etoeoB bJh fBod/F ikoh ehs/ jB.

• ;'bo gzgK dk gq'rokw tZv/ gZXoT[s/ L ;'bo gzgK d/ w"i{dk gq'rokw ~ fJebZy ;'bo gzgK se tXk fdsk frnk j?.fJ; ~ gqGkth eoB bJh nzfFe fBod/Fikoh ehs/ ik u[Ze/ jB. fJe bZy gzgK d/Nhu/ ftu'I 20 j}ko ghD:'r ;k\ gkDhg{osh ns/ ;tZSsk wzsokbk ~ fds/ rJ/jB. 50 j}ko gzg f;zikJh d/ T[d/F bJhBftnkT[D:'r T{oik wzsokbk ~ ns/ 30j}ko gzg Bkpkov ~ fds/ rJ/ jB.

• ;'X/ j'J/ e[Ze ;N't L T[Bs u[ZbQknfGnkB gq'rokw, rqkwhD, noX Ffjohns/ Ffjoh y/soK ftu fiE/ e[fezr bJhpkfJU wk; ~ JhIXB tKr tofsnk iKdkj?. gqd{FB ofjs T{oik bJh ;'X/ j'J/e[Ze ;N't fte;s ns/ brkJ/ ik oj/jB. fiE/ otkfJsh JhIXB ibkfJnk iKdkj? T[E/ rqkwhD wfjbktK ~ e?I;o eoBtkb/ X{zJ/I s'I pukJ/rk.

• nkJh nko Jh vh J/ bJh bkJhBnk\ eq?fvN dk ft;Eko L coK; dh J/n?c vh B/ Gkos BftnkT[D:'r T{oikftek; fbwfNv ~ 100 fwbhnB :{o' dhfJe bkJhB nk\ eq?fvN tXkT[D dkc?;bk ehsk j?.

• okiK dhnK BftnkT[D:'r T{oikJ/iz;hnK dh ;Gk dh pDso L fJe d{i/d/ siofpnK s'I f;ZyD bJh ns/ d{finKd/ tXhnK siop/ ;KM/ eoB bJh T[BQK ~BftnkT[D:'r T{oik gq'rokw ~ nwbftu fbnkT[D s/ ;woZEk pDkT[D, ;{pkB'vb J/iz;hnK ftukb/ skbw/b ~ T[sFkjd/Dk j?.

- ghHnkJhHphH ibzXo


;kvh Xosh;kvh Xosh;kvh Xosh;kvh Xosh;kvh Xosh

Xosh eo/ g[ekoHHHXosh eo/ g[ekoHHHXosh eo/ g[ekoHHHXosh eo/ g[ekoHHHXosh eo/ g[ekoHHH

pkb nkBzdpkb nkBzdpkb nkBzdpkb nkBzdpkb nkBzd

Eth -- fJj wkBtsk dk xo-;z;ko - ;{oi frod pqfjwzv #u

d{oh nB[;ko sh;ok rqfj j?. nkX[fBeftfrnkB dh ikDekoh w[skpe ;{oih gqpzX#u ni/ se fJj fJeb'sk rqfj j? fiE/ihtB dh gqc[Zbsk dhnK ;G ;j{bsKfwbdhnK jB. nB[wkB ehsk frnk j? fefgqEth #s/ ihtB dh gqfefonk dk nkozGxZN'-xZN 3H5 nop ;kb g[oksB j?.Xosh #s/ i?fte ftfGzBsk brksko tXdhrJh j?. f;tkfJ wjK-ftBkF d/ ekvK d/ekb yzvK ftu nZi dh fgqEth 10-14fwbhnB fe;w d/ ihtB-izs{nK dk nkFowj? fi; ftu 7H2 nop dh wB[Zyh t;'IFkfwb j?. ;w[Zu/ s"o s/ ihtB bhbkfgqEth d/ ;G ;o'sK Bkb pV/ jh;zt/dBFhb s/ r[zMbdko nkg;h fBoGosks/ w/b-fwbkg d/ ;zs[bB dk y/b j?.nkgD/ nkg ~ ;q/FN gqkDh j'D dk n?bkBeo u[Zeh wkBtsk B/ szr s/ wsbp gq;sh#s/ nkXkfos BhshnK s/ fJokfdnK BkbnkgD/ ti{d ~ jh ]so/ ftu gk fbnkj?. ftfrnkB s/ seBkb'ih dh nEkjgqrsh B/ fgqEth s/ pqfjwzv j'o GkrK pko/frnkB dhnK ;hwktK ~ nZr/ j'o nZr/tXkfJnk th j? s/ nB/e Bt/I s/ tZv/]sfonK d/ th okj y'bQ/ jB.

fgqEth ~ s/ fJ; Bkb i[V/ ;zg{oBihtB YKu/ ~ ;G s'I rzGho ]sfonK ftu

gkT[D tkb/ ekoBK ftu gqw[Zy s"o s/tksktoB dk brksko gqd{fFs j'Dk s/

f;ZN/ ti'I g"D-gkDh ftu gfotosBl Xosh

dh rowh ftu tkXk s/ ihtB-nkXko-U}'Bgos dk x/ok ;hfws j[zd/ ikDk dZ;/ rJ/

jB. fJj ftFk nfsnzs ftFkb j[zdk ikfojk j? s/ fJ; d/ nB/e nzso-;zpzXK

tkb/ y/so jB. fJfsjk;e fdqFNhe'B s'Igqd{FB d/ nfXn?B dk nkozG 1712

Jh;th s'I Gk\ tkb/ fJziB dh Jh}kd,;ZBnsh fJBebkp s/ T[d:'fre gZXo #s/

e'b/ dh tos'I Bkb i'fVnk iKdk j?.pqskBth ftdtkB s/ fuzse i'jB o;feBB/ fejk ;h, @@fJzrb?Iv dh jfonkbh dk

jo gZsk ekbk j' frnk j? s/ fJ; ~wjkB T[d:'rheoB fejk ik fojk j? HHH

pkoF dk F[ZX gkDh th fJzrb?Iv d/ X{zJ/IGog{o nkekF ftu roid/ j'J/ rzdk j'

iKdk j?.## \oK; d/ G"fse ftfrnkBhi'}c c'ohno B/ 1842 ftu fgqEth d/

e[dosh @rqhB jkT{; Jhc?eN# dk f;XKsg/F eoe/ ftnkfynk ehsh, @@fgqEth d/

skgwkB ftu o"FBh dh nt;Ek tkbhrowh tksktoB ftu f;ZX/ s"o s/ gqt/F

eo iKdh j?.## nkfJob?Iv d/ G"fse ftfrnkBhi'j; fJzvkb B/ 1861 ftu f;ZX ehsk fe

tksktoB ftu gkDh d/ eD s/ j'o r?;Kfwb e/ @rqhB jkT{; gqGkt# g?dk eodhnK

jB. ekob p?Ii B/ 1886 ftu gfjbhw'No rZvh pDkJh s/ S/sh jh ekopB r?;

d/ \?bkn dh wksok dk ;kbkBk nzeVkfJe fpbhnB NB j' frnk. pqskBthfJzihBhno rkJh e?bzvo B/ 1938 ftu

w";w ;N/FB} d/ t/oftnK s'I fJj Bshi/eZY/ fe fgSbh ;dh ftu skgwkB ftutkXk j'fJnk j? s/ ekopB vkfJnke;kJhvdh wksok th tXh j? - go w";wftfrnkBhnK B/ T[; Bkb ;fjwsh BjhI;h gqrN ehsh. 1950ftnK ftu eJhnwoheB ftfrnkBhnK B/ fJ; rZb dhgq"Vsk ehsh fe ekopB vkfJnke;kJhv dktksktoB ftu brksko tkXk j' fojk j?s/ nk]o 1965 ftu nwoheB okFNogshdh ;bkjeko ;fwsh B/ th fusktBh fdshfe @rqhB jkT{; gqGkt# n;b fuzsk dkftFk pD frnk j?.

1975 ftu nwoheB ftfrnkBht?b/; pq'eo B/ @ftFth sgF# dh Fpdktbhdk gqubB ehsk.

ftFt d/ ftfrnkBeK s/ tksktoB

d/ ftfFnK pko/ y'i eoB tkb/

fuzseK d/ :sBK ;dek nk]o 1987

ftu wKNohnkb gq'N'eb s/ ;fjwsh

pD ;eh fi; nB[;ko @U}'B gos#

~ B[e;kB gj[zukT[D tkb/ o;kfJDe

gdkoEK d/ gq:'r ~ ;hws ehsk

frnk. nrb/ ;kb jh fJzNo r"ofwzN

g?Bb nkB ebkJhw/N u/Ii - nkJh

gh ;h ;h dh ;EkgBk ehsh rJh s/

fJ; ~ g"D-gkDh ftu gfotosB

;zpzXh jo soQK d/ sZE fJeZm/ eoB

dh f}zw/tkoh ;¯gh rJh.

fgqfgqfgqfgqfgq


1989 ftu pqskBth gqXkB wzsoh

wkoro/N E?uo B/ ;z:[es okFNo ;zxftu nkgDh seoho d"okB fejk, @@n;hI

d/y oj/ jK fe tksktoB ftu ekopBvkJhnke;kJhv dh wksok tZvh fwedko

ftu tX ojh j? HHH GftZy ftu fJ;spdhbh d/ j'o th tXD dh ;zGktBk j?

HHH fJ; bJh g"D-gkDh gfotosB ;zpzXhftFth gZXo #s/ ;zXh eoBk pj[s }o{oh

j' frnk j?.## nzefVnK nB[;ko, c"f;bfcT{b - e'bk, r?; g?No'bhnw nkfd - s'I

ekopB c?bkn dh ;kbkBk wksok tX e/1989 ftu S/ fpbhnB NB j' rJh ;h.

1997 ftu feT[N' gq'N'e'b d/ wjZstg{oBd;skt/} #s/ ;z;ko dh ;fjwsh pDh.

fte;s d/FK B/ 2008-12 d/ ;w/I d"okBgqd{FB ftu gzi gqfsFs ewh eoB dk

tkndk ehsk go nwohek d/ ;/B/N B/fJ; ;zXh dh g[FNh eoB s'I BKj eo

fdsh ns/ 2001 ftu okFNogsh ikoip[F B/ ;z:[es oki ~ fJ; g'qN'e'b s'I tZyeo fbnk. go 2005 ftu feT{N' g'qN'e'b

;zpzfXs d/FK bJh nzsookFNoh ek~B pDfrnk. @;doB ohthT{# d/ 2006 d/

nfXn?B nB[;ko ibtk:{ d/ gfotosBekoB ;z;ko dh e[Zb xo/b{ T[sgkd dk

20 gqfsFs B[e;kB j' ;edk j? id fefJ; dh o'eEkw bJh e/tb fJe gqfsFs

e[Zb xo/b{ T[sgkd okFh you j't/rh.@c"f;b fcT{b# Xosh ftu'I v{zxh y[dkJh

Bkb gqkgs JhIXD dh ekopB gqd{FB dhwksok nZm fpbhnB NB gqfs ;kb dk

nzeVk j'o th fuzskiBe frfDnk frnk.

1988 ftu ;Ekgs g"D-gkDh gfotosB;zpzXh nzsookFNoh ;fwsh nkJh gh ;h ;hB/ 1990 dh gfjbh iKu fog'oN w[skpeskgwkB ftu fgSbh ;dh ftu tkX/ dknB[wkB 0H3 - 0H6 ;?INhrq/v dZf;nk frnks/ 1995 dh d{;oh fog'oN B/ ;gZFNskBkb fejk fe wkBtsk ibtk:{ gfotosBbJh f}zw/tko j? s/ 2001 dh iKu fog'oN

ftu fJ; dh j'o gq"Vsk ehsh. 2007ftu g/F ehsh u"Eh fog'oN nB[;ko wB[Zysk90 gqfsFs @rohB jkT{; r?;# s/ f;ZN/ti'I tksktoB dhnK ]soBke spdhbhnKbJh f}zw/tko j?. fJ;/ ;kb ;z;Ek ~B'pb FKsh fJBkw fdsk frnk s/ ;z;Ekdh @tX/o/ frnkB c?bkn s/ ftrV ojhgo;fEsh ;[XkoB bJh ;[MktK dh p[fBnkdoZyD bJh## Fbkxk ehsh rJh. ;z:[esokFNo d/ gZXo #s/ j'J/ ;wM"fsnK ftupbh o'vw?g-2007 s/ 192 ;oekoK dk2009 ftu e'gBj/rB dk f;yo ;zw/bBs/ 2010 dh w?e;he' ftu j'Jh wjK ;Gkdk f}eo eoBk }o{oh j?. nkJh gh ;h;h B/ 2013 ftu ikoh ehsh gzithI iKufog'oN ftu w[V d[jokfJnk j? fe 1950s'I pknd Xosh dh tX sgF bJhwB[Zysk f;ZX/ s"o s/ f}zw/tko j?. ftFtftu wB[ZyK dh e[Zb frDsh eqwtko 1800ftu fJe nop, 1930 ftu d' nop,1960 ftu fszB nop, 1975 ftu ukonop, 1987 ftu gzi nop, 1999 ftuS/ nop s/ 2011 #u ;Zs nop s'I tX/o/j' rJh j?. ;z:[es okFNo ;zx B/ bzp/;'u-ftuko pknd, 2009 ftu 22 ngq?bd/ fdB ~ @nzsookFNoh fgqEth fdt;#s"o s/ wBkJ/ ikD dh gqtkBrh fdsh j? -fJj ;theko eod/ j'J/ fe, @@Xosh #s/fJ; d/ tksktoB d/ gqpzXe YKu/ (Jhe'f;;Nw}) ;kv/ xo gfotko jB ns/fgqEth d/ e[dos Bkb fJe;[osk ~ tXkT[Dkjh ;w[Zu/ ihtB ~ ;[oZfyns pDkT[Dk j?.##fgqEth s/ ;{oi d/ rfjo/ G{r'fbe s/ihtB-nkXko ;zpzXK ~ 20 wkou s/ 23;szpo ~ wBkT[D dh gqzgok th ftFtdhnK ;G ;z;feqshnK ftu g[oksB ;fwnKs'I gqubs ojh j?. fJBQK d't/I skoheK ~Xosh d/ T[soh s/ dZyDh nZX-yzvK ftufdB-oks ;wkB j[zd/ jB - fJj @fJfeT{B'NhebnoE fdt;# T[; ;w/I fpzd{ ~ iFBGog{o fwDd/ jB id'I ;{oi Xosh dh G{-wZX o/yk #s/ f;ZX/ s"o s/ e/Idfos j[zdk j?

s/ Bt/I w";wK dk ;{ue j[zdk j?. fJBQK@F[G xVhnK# ~ fgqEth #s/ ;[y FKsh s/e[dos Bkb ;zg{oB ;[w/b s/ frnkB-ftfrnkB dhnK gqkgshnK dk gqshe wzB e/;w/I dh mhe frDsh-fwDsh s/ g[bkVftnkgh ;zuko ;kXBK dh gqrsh d/ T[s;td/ s"o s/ wBkT[D Bkb i'fVnk iKdk j?.wkBtsk ~ fgqEth, uzd, ;{oi s/ ;ko/pqfjwzv dh nkg;h fBoGosk #s/ Xosh d/;KG-;zGkb dh wkBf;esk fte;s eoBdh rfjoh }o{os pko/ e'Jh th T[gokb/ehs/ ikD/ mhe fdFk tb edw ej/ ik;ed/ jB.

Gkos B/ ibtk:{ gfotosB, XoshGkos B/ ibtk:{ gfotosB, XoshGkos B/ ibtk:{ gfotosB, XoshGkos B/ ibtk:{ gfotosB, XoshGkos B/ ibtk:{ gfotosB, Xosh

dh tX ojh sgF, tksktoB dkdh tX ojh sgF, tksktoB dkdh tX ojh sgF, tksktoB dkdh tX ojh sgF, tksktoB dkdh tX ojh sgF, tksktoB dk

brksko tX fojk gqd{FB s/brksko tX fojk gqd{FB s/brksko tX fojk gqd{FB s/brksko tX fojk gqd{FB s/brksko tX fojk gqd{FB s/

fgqEth d/ e[dos Bkb i[V/ ;w[Zu/fgqEth d/ e[dos Bkb i[V/ ;w[Zu/fgqEth d/ e[dos Bkb i[V/ ;w[Zu/fgqEth d/ e[dos Bkb i[V/ ;w[Zu/fgqEth d/ e[dos Bkb i[V/ ;w[Zu/

w;fbnK pko/ ;G nzsookFNohw;fbnK pko/ ;G nzsookFNohw;fbnK pko/ ;G nzsookFNohw;fbnK pko/ ;G nzsookFNohw;fbnK pko/ ;G nzsookFNoh

w zu K #s / n;odko feodkow zu K #s / n;odko feodkow zu K #s / n;odko feodkow zu K #s / n;odko feodkow zu K #s / n;odko feodko

fBGkfJnk j? s/ okFNoh gZXo #s/fBGkfJnk j? s/ okFNoh gZXo #s/fBGkfJnk j? s/ okFNoh gZXo #s/fBGkfJnk j? s/ okFNoh gZXo #s/fBGkfJnk j? s/ okFNoh gZXo #s/

gqkozGe d"o s'I jh ftfrnkBe s/gqkozGe d"o s'I jh ftfrnkBe s/gqkozGe d"o s'I jh ftfrnkBe s/gqkozGe d"o s'I jh ftfrnkBe s/gqkozGe d"o s'I jh ftfrnkBe s/

g qF k;Bh ; z;EktK okjh I ;Gg qFk;Bh ; z;EktK okjh I ;Gg qFk;Bh ; z;EktK okjh I ;Gg qFk;Bh ; z;EktK okjh I ;Gg qFk;Bh ; z;EktK okjh I ;G

;wZf;nktK gqfs rzGhosk dk;wZf;nktK gqfs rzGhosk dk;wZf;nktK gqfs rzGhosk dk;wZf;nktK gqfs rzGhosk dk;wZf;nktK gqfs rzGhosk dk

gqdoFB ehsk j?. nr;s 2013gqdoFB ehsk j?. nr;s 2013gqdoFB ehsk j?. nr;s 2013gqdoFB ehsk j?. nr;s 2013gqdoFB ehsk j?. nr;s 2013

ftu ;z;d d/ w?IpoK dh ikDekohftu ;z;d d/ w?IpoK dh ikDekohftu ;z;d d/ w?IpoK dh ikDekohftu ;z;d d/ w?IpoK dh ikDekohftu ;z;d d/ w?IpoK dh ikDekoh

bJh ikoh ehs/ ;{uBk gZsobJh ikoh ehs/ ;{uBk gZsobJh ikoh ehs/ ;{uBk gZsobJh ikoh ehs/ ;{uBk gZsobJh ikoh ehs/ ;{uBk gZso

@ibtk:{ gfotosB - Gkos dk@ibtk:{ gfotosB - Gkos dk@ibtk:{ gfotosB - Gkos dk@ibtk:{ gfotosB - Gkos dk@ibtk:{ gfotosB - Gkos dk

gfog/y# okjhI ;G gfjb{nK pko/gfog/y# okjhI ;G gfjb{nK pko/gfog/y# okjhI ;G gfjb{nK pko/gfog/y# okjhI ;G gfjb{nK pko/gfog/y# okjhI ;G gfjb{nK pko/

;gZFNheoB g/F ehs/ rJ/.;gZFNheoB g/F ehs/ rJ/.;gZFNheoB g/F ehs/ rJ/.;gZFNheoB g/F ehs/ rJ/.;gZFNheoB g/F ehs/ rJ/.

tksktoB ftu rqhB jkT{; r?;K dhwksok brksko tXD d/ jtkb/ BkbdZf;nk frnk fe fet/I ftFt gZXo #s/c";b fcT{b d/ tX/o/ :'r s/ G{wh d/ fBZsspdhb j' oj/ fJ;s/wkb Bkb ns/ y/shpkVh ftu whE/B s/ BkJhNo; nke;kJhvB/ fgqEth #s/ e[dos d/ ;zs[bB ~ rzGho]so/ tkbh go;fEsh ftu g[uk fdsk j?.Gkos ;kjwD/ tksktoB dhnK u[B"shnKy/sh dhnK ;kohnK fefonktK fjwkfbnk d/rb/FhnoK d/ ib Gzvko, BdhnK d/ ;o's


s/ }whBh ib dh g[Bo-g{osh, ;w[zdo dh;sj dk T[Gko, bzp/ s/ ftFkb ;krohfeBkfonK dk ihtB gqtkj, jVQ s/ ;'e/dhnK ;fEshnK #s/ p[ok gqGkt gk e/ d/Fdh G'iB s/ gkDh dh ;[oZfynk ;zpzXh fuzskdk ekoB pD oj/ jB. fJzNortoBw?INbg?Bb nkB ebkJhw/N u/Ii dh wkou 2014ftu ikoh ehsh fog'oN nB[;ko Gkos ~ibtk:{ gfotosB Bkb g?dk j' oj/nB/e ]sfonK dk ;kjwDk eoBk g? fojkj? @@ibtk:{ d/ gfotosB nkofEe ftek;dh do wZXw eoe/ f;js ;j{bsK s/rohph xNkT[D dhnK :'iBktK ~ gqGktseo ;ed/ jB HHH fJZehthI ;dh ftu Xoshdk skgwkB 0H3 s'I 4H8 doi/ ;?b;hn;tX ;edk j/ ns/ ;wz[do d/ gkDh dh;sj 8 ;?INhwhNo T[go nkT[D d/ nB[wkBBkb sZNK d/ ;G FfjoK - FzxkJh s'I;kBcqKf;;e' ~ ]sok j?.## Gkos gfjbKjh e[dosh nk\sK dk fFeko j[zdk fojkj? ns/ fJ; d/ 1H2 nop b'eK ftu'I pj[s/nfij/ y/so ftu t;/ j'J/ jB i' jVQ-s{\kB s/ ;'ek ghVs fJbke/ jB. w";wKdk j/oc/o Bk e/tb y/sh T[gi s/ G'iB;[oZfynk ~ gqGkts eo/rk ;r'I gkDh dhE[VQ th g?dk eo/rk ns/ wZyh-wZSo nkfdokjhI c?bkJ/ ikD tkb/ o'rK ftu tkXkeo/rk. ;G ftek;Fhb d/FK tKr Gkosftu ibtk:{ d/ gfotosB nkofEesk d/j'o wjZstg{oB y/soK fit/I T{oik, gfotfjB,;?o-;gkNk s/ y/shpkVh ~ tZvk B[e;kBgj[zukT[Dr/.

g"D-gkDh d/ gfotosBK d/ p[o/ gqGktK~ o'eD bJh Gkos ;oeko, |?o-;oekohs/ ;wki-;/th ;z;EktK B/ fBFu/ jh nB/e;[:'r BhshnK pDk e/ m'; edw T[mkJ/jB. nr;s 2014 d/ ;{uBk gZsonB[;ko, Gkos ftu gqd{FB gq;ko-Jh fwFBdk 2007 bJh nB[wkB 1331H6 fwbhnBNB ekopB vkfJnke;kJhv rqhB jkT{;r?; (ih n?u ih) brkfJnk frnk ;h i'

1994 dh s[bBk ftu 4H2 gqfsFs tkXkdo;kT[Idk ;h. Gkt/I Gkos dh ekopBvkfJnke;kJhv (;h U-d') dk gq;ko ftFtdk e/tb uko gqfsFs jh j? fco thGkos ftFt gqd{FB d/ w;fbnK ;zpzXhg{oh soQK ;u/s j?. Gkos ;z:[es okFNo;zx dh ibtk:{ gfotosB dh o{go/yk;zXh (:{ n?B n?c ;h ;h ;h) dhnK ;GXkoktK dk XkoDh fojk j? ns/ fJ; ;z;Ekd/ wzstK s/ ekotkJhnK Bkb i[fVnkj'fJnk j?. Gkos B/ fJ; ;z;Ek ~nkgDk d{;ok B?FBb efwT{Bhe/FB (B?Nekw)2012 ftu g/F ehsk j?, gfjbk 2004ftu fdsk frnk ;h. fJ; d{;o/ okFNoh;{uBk-gZso nB[;ko ;dh d/ nyho ftu;kbkBk n";s Xoksb tk:{ dk skgwkB3H5 ;h, s'I 4H3 doik ;?b;hn; tXD dknB[wkB brkfJnk frnk id'I Gkos d/;kroh sZN brGr 1H3 fwbhwhNo ;kbkBkdo #s/ T[uk j' fojk ;h. fJ; go;fEshBkb i{MD bJh Gkos B/ nB/e ;wkfies/ nkofEe ftek; d/ gq'rokw ubkJ/ jB.okFNoh tksktoB Bhsh, 2006 nB[;kod/F dhnK ibtk:{ gfotosB ~ MZb;eD dhnK w[FfebK s/ ew}'ohnK dhgSkD ehsh rJh ns/ ftF/F s"o s/ ib;o's, izrbks, sZNtosh y/so, y/sh s/f;js nkfd d/ y/soK dh g{oh ;whfynkehsh rJh j? s/ Gkosh T[d:'r ~ th;tZS ftek; we?fB}w ftu Gkrhdko j'DbJh T[sFkfjs ehsk frnk j?.

Gkos d/ ibtk:{ gfotosB #s/tksktoB Bkb ;zpzfXs ;G ftfFnK #s/v{zxh ;'u-ftuko bJh gqXkB wzsoh B/ fJeftF/F T[u gZXoh ;bkjeko ;fwsh dkrmB ehsk. fJ; ftu |?o-;oekoh T[x/tksktoB ftfrnkB d/ wkjoK ~ thFkfwb ehsk frnk j?. 30 i{B 2008 ~d/F dh gfjbh ibtk:{ gfotosB pko/okFNoh ekoi :'iBk (n?B J/ gh ;h ;h)dk n?bkB ehsk ;h. fJ; wjZstg{oB

d;skt/} okjhI ibtk:{ gfotosB Bkbg?dk j' ojhnK ;G u[B"shnK dh gSkDeod/ j'J/ BthnK BhshnK s/ gq'rokwK d/t/ot/ g/F ehs/ rJ/ fiBQK ftu nZm@okFNoh gqfsfrnktK# pko/ th dZf;nk frnkfiBQK ftu ;{oih Fesh, T{oik dh e[Fbsk,;t? ;zukfbs fojkfJF, ib ;o's, fjwkfbnkdk tksktoB, @jfonktb Gog{o Gkos#tXhnk y/sh s/ g"D-gkDh gfotosB pko/;wkfie frnkB Fkfwb jB. fJj ekoi:'iBk nkofEe ftek; fi; Bkb okFNohihtB gZXo T[uk eoBk w[Zy wzst j?, d/Bkb @ibtk:{ d/ gfotosB# dhnK ;wZf;nktKdk jZb bZGD dk rzGho :sB eodhj?. fBFu/ jh Fesh T[sgkdB, T{oik dkBftnkT[Dk, Fesh e[Fbsk d/F bJh nfsnzswjZstg{oB y/so jB. gqXkB wzsoh dh;bkeko ;fwsh @fwFBi# dh ;whfynkeoe/ oki ;oekoK ~ th @oki ekoi:'iBk# pDkT[D #s/ bkr{ eoB ftu wddeodh j?.

ibtk:{ d/ xkse gfotosB Bkbi[VthI ;wZf;nk @ftFth sgF# B/ th ;z;kod/ ftfrnkBeK, B/sktK s/ ;wki-;/thnKdk rfjok fXnkB fyZfunk j?. d't/I jh@ibtk:{ gfotosB# d/ ;zdoG #u @;" ;kbd/ g?wkB/# nB[;ko Xosh d/ n";s skgwkB#u tkX/ s/ Xosh d/ jtk-gkDh d/ skD/-pkD/ ftu nk ojhnK s/qVK ns/ fJ;gqfefonk d/ gqGktK ~ ;wMD d/ :sBeod/ jB. ftfrnkBe y'iK f;ZX eodhnKjB fe ;kv/ g"D-gkDh dk e[dosh gqpzXbkrkso rowh tb tX fojk j? - 1970s'I fgS'I 90 gqfsFs s'I tZX tkX{ Feshdk gqtkj ;w[zdoK ~ row eoB bJhf}zw/tko j?. po\ d/ Gzvko th fgxb/jB ns/ ;G wjKdhgK dk tksktoB rowj'fJnk j?. 2011 d/ ftFt gZXo d/nB[wkB nB[;ko, c";b fcT{b d/ ibDBkb, fi; ftu ;hw?IN T[sgkdB s/ r?;cb/fozr th Fkfwb jB, B/ ekopB


vkfJnke;kJhv ;h U 2 dh wksok 34H8fpbhnB NB j' rJh j? - i' 1990 d/w[ekpb/ 54 gqfsFs f}nkdk j?. ;wZf;nkdh rzGhosk gqfs ;zt/dBk fdykT[Id/ j'J/Gkos ;oeko B/ 2008 ftu fJe ftF/F;z;dh wzu dh th ;EkgBk ehsh j? i'ftfFnK d/ wkjoK Bkb ftuko-tNKdo/eodk ofjzdk j?. tksktoB wzsokbk B/ibtk:{ ekoi gq'rokw (;h ;h J/ gh)#s/ fJzvhnB B?Ntoe cko ebkJhw/N u/Iin;?;w?IN (nkJh n?B ;h ;h J/) dk rmBehsk j?. 12thI gzi ;kbk :'iBk d/ sfjs;oeko B/ 2005 dh s[bBk ftu gqd{FBg;ko/ - JhfwFB fJzBN?Bf;Nh ~ rq";v'w?;fNe gq'veN (ih vh gh) d/ 20 s'I25 gqfsFs xNkT[D dk Nhuk 2020 seg{ok eoBk oZfynk j?. T{oik pus d/gq'rokw ;zs[bB s/ ;t?-;zukfbs ftek;BhshnK Bkb i'VB d/ :sB ehs/ rJ/jB. @ibtk:{ gfotosB ekoi gq'rokw(;h ;h J/ gh)# dh BthI ;ehw ;wZf;nk d/;G ftfrnkBe s/ nkofEe gZyK dk w[ZbzeDikfJ}k b? e/ okFNoh s/ oki gZXo #s/Y[et/I ekoieqw bkr{ eo/rh. BftnkT[D:'rT{oik gqkgsh fJeokoBkwk (nko gh U)dhnK :'iBktK ~ wjZstg{oB ;wfMnkfrnk j? s/ @okFNoh ;{oih fwFB# B/;{oih Fesh dhnK ;zGktBktK tb tX/o/fXnkB d/D #s/ }'o fdsk j?.

g"D-gkDh dhnK spdhbhnK Bkb i[V/]soBke BshfinK gqfs ;u/s eoB tkb/ftfrnkBe fuzse s/ ;wkih ekoi eosktKdhnK nDEZe e'fFFK Bkb Gkos ftu;oekoh s/ |?o-;oekoh jbfenK ftufBFu/ jh BthI ikro{esk s/ ;zt/dBkfte;s j'Jh j?. BtK rfms wzsokbktksktoB, izrbks ns/ ibtk:{ gfotosBd/ ;ko/ gfjb{nK ;zpzXh BhshnK ~ okFNohgZXo #s/ nzsookFNoh wzuK #s/ g/F eoB#s/ bkr{ eotkT[D bJh f}zw/tko j?. fJ;wzsokbk d/ ekoi y/soK ftu ek\h tkX/j'J/ jB s/ fJ; dk teko s/ wjZst th

tfXnk j?. d/F d/ e[dosh ;o'sK dh;KG-;zGkb fi; ftu ;w[Zuh pB;gsh, iht-izs{ s/ tD-;z;ko nkT[Id/ jB, s'I fJbktkwzsokbk ~ gqd{FB o'eD, jfonktb tXkT[Ds/ ;w[zdoh sZN d[nkb/ ;fj-okjs ns/gkDh d/ iht-izs{nK dh d/yGkb dhnKf}zw/tkohnK th ;¯ghnK rJhnK jB. "nB/e sQoK dk ]soBke e?wheb-epkV s/pkfJU w?vheb t/;N ~ BFN eoB bJhftF/F ;j{bsK s/ sohfenK dh }o{osj[zdh j?. fgSb/ tfoQnK s'I @Jh-t/;N# GktfJb?eNqkfBe; fi; ftu ezfgT{No s/ fJ;y/so dhnK j'o wFhBK s/ :zsoK dk epkVFkfwb j?. tZvh ;wZf;nk pD e/ ;kjwD/nkfJnk j?. e/Idoh gqd{FB fB:zsqD p'ovd/ ;ot/ nB[;ko @Jh-epkV# dh wksok;kb 2005 ftu 1,46,800 whNfoe NBj' rJh ;h s/ fJj j'o tX e/ 2012 ftu8,00,000 whNfoe NB se g[Zi rJh j?.fJe j'o wjZstg{oB nfXn?B ;ot/yD, i'tgkoe ;z;Ek n?;'u?w B/ @Jh-t/;N fJBfJzvhnk pkJh 2015# ehsk j?, nB[;kookiXkBh fdZbh dk @Jh-epkV# 2015 ftutX e/ 50,000 whNfoe NB (n?w Jh) j'ikt/rk. fJ; nfXn?B nB[;ko fdZbh ftujo o'} 8,500 w'pkfJb, 5,500 NhHthH;?N ns/ 3,000 fBZih ezfgT{No GzB/-s'V/iKd/ jB sK fe T[BQK d/ fjZ;/ w[V tos/ik ;eD. d/F d/ tZv/ FfjoK, ftF/Feoe/ fdZbh$n?B ;h nko, w/om, \ho'}kpkd,u/BZJh, pzrb"o ns/ w[zpJh ftu @Jh-epkV#d/ tZv/ e/Ido jB fiE/ jo soQK d/ g[okD/:zso y[ZbQ/ EktK #s/ ibkJ/ iKd/ jB fi; s'If;Zek, gkok N'ef;B} jtk ftu x[b iKd/jB. fJ; y/so ftu 85,000 s'I tZX ezweoB tkb/ w}d{oK dh ;[oZfynk d/ e'JhgqpzX BjhI jB. nfXn?B B/ j?okB eoBtkb/ sZE T[ikro ehs/ jB fe fet/I fdZbhftFt dk 85 gqfsFs @Jh-epkV-xo# j'frnk j?. w[zpJh s/ u/BZJh g[okD/ s/ p/ekoj' rJ/ ezfgT{No} s/ fJb?eNqkfBe; t;sKdk nk:ks eoe/ @w[V-gq:'r# s/ g[of}nK

d/ eZYD bJh fdZbh G/i fdzd/ jB.n?;'u?w dh f;js ;fwsh d/ w[yh vkH phHe/H okT[ B/ dZf;nk fe @@xo/b{ Jh-epkVfi; ftu ezfgT{No, NhHthH, w'pkfJb ns/o?cohiho/No nkfd Fkfwb jB s/ 1000 s'ItZX @Nkef;e# t;sK j[zdhnK jB fijVhnK}whB s/ fJ; d/ nzdo d/ gkDh ~}fjohbk pDk fdzd/ jB.# ehwsh Xks{nKeZYD bJh ]soBke s/}kp th gq:'r ehs/iKd/ jB. ;{uBk seBkb'ih dh soZeh d/;'jb/ rkT[D d/ Bkb fJj th ;wMDkpj[s }o{oh j? fe @Jh-epkV# d/ rzGho]sfonK dh o'eEkw pko/ b'VhId/ ;ysedw u[Ze/ ikD.

Gkos dh ftbZyD s/ gqw[Zy G{r'fbe;fEsh, ;fGnsk s/ ;z;feqs dh gqkuhBsks/ ftfGzBsk ns/ Bt/I ;z;ko ftu okiBhses/ e{NBhse wjZst fBFu/ jh fJ; ~fgqEth dhnK rzGho s/ r[zMbdko ;wZf;nktKd/ ;wkXkB bJh fJe gqw[Zy fjZ;/dko pDkT[Idkj? s/ ftFt th fJ; dh G{fwek d/ wjZst~ GbhGKs ;theko eodk j?. fJj pVh;zs[FNh s/ Xhoi pBQkT[D tkbh ;ukJh j?fe Gkos dhnK ;z;feqse s/ nfXnksfwegqzgoktK fgqEth s/ ;w[Zu/ pqfjwzv ~ ihtzss/ ;zt/dBFhb gqfefonktK #s/ nkXkfos;theko eod/ jB. tksktoB d/ nB/eftdtkB nZi d/ g"D-gkDh s/ j'o e[dosh;o'sK d/ ;zs[bB ftu nkJ/ ftekoK bJhgdkoEtkd s/ p/fj;kp/ @T[gG'rsktkd# ~d'Fh mfjokT[Id/ jB. Gkos d/ ;G gqw[ZyB/sktK fiBQK ftu wjkswk rKXh, oftzdoBkE N?r'o s/ itkjo bkb Bfjo{ dkftF/F f}eo }o{oh j? - B/ ftFt d/GftZy dh ebgBk nfjz;k, nkg;h fwbtosBs/ ;ot-efbnkD d/ f;XKsK #s/ nkXkfosj'D dh ehsh ;h fiE/ @}o{os Bk febkb;k# b'eK s/ okFNoK d/ ;G fBofDnKbJh wkor doFB dh GktBk j't/rh.fJ; ;zdoG ftu gqXkB wzsoh tb'I ubkJh



b b b b b gqd{FBgqd{FBgqd{FBgqd{FBgqd{FB LLLLL fJefJefJefJefJe rzGhorzGhorzGhorzGhorzGho ;wZf;nk;wZf;nk;wZf;nk;wZf;nk;wZf;nk

FfjoheoB, T[d:'rheoB ns/ y/shpkVhd/ wFhBheoB d/ s/} tkX/ Bkb rzd/ gkDhdh ;wZf;nk p/jZd rzGho o{g XkoB eorJh j?. T[d:'rK dh }fjohbh ofjzd-y{zjd, fgzvK-FfjoK d/ ;hto/iK d/ rzd/gkDh pdbt/I gqpzXK dh nDj'Id ekoBf;ZX/-nf;ZX/ s"o s/ gkDh d/ e[dosh ;'fwnKftu gkJ/ ik oj/ jB. fi; Bkb XoshT[go w"i{d ;k\ s/ ghD:'r gkDh d/ ;'w/brksko rzd/ s/ }fjohb/ j[zd/ ik oj/jB. brGr 75 gqfsFs gkDh tkbkrqfj j'D d/ pkti{d Xosh #s/ ghD:'rgkDh dh feZbs j[zdh ik ojh j?. gkDhjo gqeko d/ ihtB dk nkXko j?. fJ;bJh fJ; d/ xND iK }fjohb/ j' ikDBkb wB[Zy, iht-izs{, ibuo, gzSh, pB;gshnkfd ;GBK dh j'Id ]so/ ftu g? rJhj?. fJjh ekoB j? fe ;fEsh dh rzGhosks'I fuzsks[o p[ZXhwkB ftneshnK B/ fJ;rZb dk ydFk }kjo ehsk j? fe i/jkbks fJ;/ soQK pD/ oj/ sK shih ftFtizr gkDh ykso j't/rh.

wB[Zy bJh j'o th Bw'Fh dh rZbfJj j? fe nkgD/ nkg tk;s/ nfijhd[yKse ;fEsh g?dk eoB bJh T[j y[djh gqw[Zy s"o s/ f}zw/tko j?. ;owkJ/ dhueku¯X ftu T[j fJzBk w;s j' frnk fetZX s'I tZX XB fJeZso eoBk jh T[; dkfJe'-fJe wzst pD frnk j? ns/ e[dosh;'fwnK dh wjZssk s/ ;fseko ~ T[; B/

T[ek jh B}onzdk} eo fdsk j?. fJ;dk f;ZNk fJj j'fJnk fe ;sj T[sb/gkDh d/ e[dosh ;'w/ p[oh soQK d{fFs j'rJ/ s/ fJ; d{fFs gkDh d/ Xosh dhnKsfjnK ftu ihoB Bkb j/mb/ gkDh d/nwho }yho/ th gqd{fFs j' rJ/.

ib gqd{FB d/ gqGktib gqd{FB d/ gqGktib gqd{FB d/ gqGktib gqd{FB d/ gqGktib gqd{FB d/ gqGkt

GkohnK XksK Bkb :[es o;kfJDeofjzd-y{zjd d/ dfonktK BdhnK d/ gkDhBkb fwbD Bkb fJBQK ftu ofjD tkb/ibuo iht XVkXV wod/ ik oj/ jB.fJ; Bk ghD:'r gkDh dh tos'I eoBtkb/ wB[Zyh iht ns/ j'o ikBto s/ gzShth fGnkBe phwkohnK dk fFeko j' oj/jB. gqd{fFs dfonktK d/ nkb/-d[nkb/ d/fJbkfenK ftu e?I;o, ekbk ghbhnk, j?}k,sgfde, g/fu;, v/Ir{, wb/ohnk, tXdhoesukg, fdb, ;kj, g/N, uwVh nkfddhnK nfs fGnkBe s/ bkfJbki phwkohnKs/}h Bkb wB[ZyK ~ nkgDh frqcs ftu b?ojhnK jB.

gzi dfonktK dh Xosh gzikp ns/e[dosh gkDh dh pj[bsk tkb/ j'o fJbke/th fJ; ;wZf;nk dh wko s'I pu BjhI;e/. ibzXo, crtkVk, b[fXnkDk nkfdFfjoK dh T[d:'fre }fjohbh ofjzd-y{zjdd/ ekbk ;zfxnk vo/B, fuZNh t/JhI ns/pZ[Y/ Bkb/ okjhI ;sb[i dfonk ftu g?Dns/ oki;EkB chvo s/ ;ojzd e?BkbokjhI fJj }fjohbk gkDh gzikp d/ wkbtkns/ oki;EkB d/ rzrkBro, j~wkBrVQ,

phekB/o s/ i?;bw/o f}fbQnK ftu fpBKNohNw?IN d/ ghD bJh w[jZJhnk ehs/ ikDekoB fJBQK fJbkfenK ftu tZv/ g?wkB/#s/ e?I;o torhnK wko{ ns/ iB?fNephwkohnK \?b ojhnK jB. r[o{ BkBed/t :{Bhtof;Nh d/ ftfrnkBeK tb'I ehshrJh y'i nB[;ko nzfwqs;o d/ g/Iv{ fJbkfenKftu gkJhnK ikD tkbhnK iB?fNe phwkohnKdk gqw[Zy ekoB gkDh dk gqd{FB jh j?.

nZi ftFt ftu e[dosh gkDhnK dhT[d:'fre ofjzd-y{zjd ns/ xo/b{ ;hto/iKBkb j' oj/ gqd{FB ekoB fizBhnK w"sK j'ojhnK jB T[j izrK, phwkohnK iK jkdf;nKftu e[Zb fwbk e/ j'D tkbhnK w"sK Bkb'Ith tZX jB. fJe y'i nB[;ko o'}kBk14,000 b'e gqd{fFs gkDh Bkb j'DtkbhnK phwkohnK Bkb w"s d/ w{zj ftuXZe/ ik oj/ jB.

ib gqd{FB d/ ;zGkth jZbib gqd{FB d/ ;zGkth jZbib gqd{FB d/ ;zGkth jZbib gqd{FB d/ ;zGkth jZbib gqd{FB d/ ;zGkth jZb

gkDh gqd{FB dh ;wZf;nk dh rzGhosk~ d/yd/ j'J/ tZy-tZy fJbkfenK ftu;oekoh s/ |?o-;oekoh, ;z;Ekrs s/ftneshrs gZXoK #s/ fJ; dh o'eEkwbJh :sB ehs/ ik oj/ jB. BdhnK,MhbK, ibrkjK nkfd dh ;\kJh ns/;[oZfynk bJh nB/e :'iBktK pDkJhnK ikojhnK jB, nEkj XB yofunk ik fojkj?. go ;wZf;nk o[eD dh EK j'o fteokbo{g XkoB eodh ik ojh j?.

fJ; s'I fJbktk fJZSk Fesh dh thxkN j[zdh j?. ;z;ko d/ pj[s/ d/FK ftu

tXhnk nwb sohe/tXhnk nwb sohe/tXhnk nwb sohe/tXhnk nwb sohe/tXhnk nwb sohe/

ib gqd{FB Bkb iba fojk j? ibib gqd{FB Bkb iba fojk j? ibib gqd{FB Bkb iba fojk j? ibib gqd{FB Bkb iba fojk j? ibib gqd{FB Bkb iba fojk j? ib

r[oftzdo f;zx p'gkokJ/r[oftzdo f;zx p'gkokJ/r[oftzdo f;zx p'gkokJ/r[oftzdo f;zx p'gkokJ/r[oftzdo f;zx p'gkokJ/

iiiii


gqd{FB ~ o'eD bJh pDkJ/ rJ/ ek~Bbkr{ BjhI ehs/ iKd/ s/ wip{oh-tZ; gqd{fFsgkDh ~ tosD tkb/ wB[ZyK s/ j'o ihtK~ fGnkBe phwkohnK d/ fFeko j' e/nZvhnK orV e/ woB bJh SZv fdskikdk j?. ikD-p[ZM e/ e[dosh ;'fwnK ~gqd{fFs eoB tkb/ w[Bk\ky'o b'eK dhfBFkBd/jh eo e/ fw;kbh ;}ktK d/D dh}o{os j? sK fe wB[Zysk d/ f]bk\ fJ;fxBkT[D/ ngokX ~ o'fenk ik ;e/ ns/fJ; Xosh #s/ ihtB dh oZfynk j' ;e/.;zs pbpho f;zx ;hu/tkb d/ T[gokfbnK;dek Bk f;o\ ;oeko dh ek~B-;k}ftXkB gkfbek gkDh ~ gqd{FBw[es eoB bJh e[ZM ;zihdkj'Jh j? ;r'I fBnK gkfbek B/th gkDh gqd{FB d/ wkwfbnK~ gfjb d/ nkXko #s/ fBgNDdk sjZJhnk ehsk j?. f}eo:'rj? fe fgSb/ fdBhI rohBfNqfpT{Bb B/ :w[Bk ftu e{Vkvzg eoB #s/ 50,000 o[gJ/s/ g{ik ;wZroh ;w/s j'oe{Vk eoeN ;[ZND tkfbnK ~5000 o[gJ/ i[owkBk eoB dkFbkxk:'r \?;bk ehsk j?.fJj \?;bk d/F d/ j'odfonktK #s/ th bkr{ ehskikDk ukjhdk j?.

i/ b'e nfrnkBsk tZ; e[dosh gkDhnK~ gqd{fFs eoB dk r[Bkj eod/ jB,T[BQK ~ fJ; gqfs u/sB eoB dh b'V j?.i/eo nkw b'e ikro{e j' ikDr/ sK fJ;;wZf;nk ~ BZE gkT[Dh e'Jh w[Ffeb rZbBjhI j't/rh. tksktoB gqfs u/sBk \?bkT[Dns/ gkDhnK dh gftZsosk dh oZfynk bJhikro{esk g?dk eoB ftu |?o-;oekoh;z;EktK pj[s tZvk :'rdkB gk ;edhnKjB. go d/fynk frnk j? fe fJ; B/eekoi bJh pDkJhnK rJhnK ;z;EktKnkw s"o s/ f;o\ o;wh ekotkJhnK iKgqf;ZXh gqkgs eoB d/ :sBK se ;hws

ofj iKdhnK jB. b'V j[D JhwkBdkohBkb :sB eoB dh j?. fw;kb d/ s"o s/;zs pbpho f;zx ;hu/tkb tb'I fgSb/brGr d' djkfenK d"okB nB/e iBsew[fjzwK ftZYhnK rJhnK jB fiBQK okjhI Bkf;o\ gzikp d/ dfonkJh gkDhnK ~gqd{FB s'I pukT[D bJh m'; ekoi ehs/rJ/ ;r'I ;w{j iBsk ns/ ;oekoK ftutksktoB gqfs u/sBk irkT[D d/ ;cbT[gokb/ th ehs/ rJ/. T[BQK dh fJj;w{je w[fjzw tksktoB u/sBk c?bkT[DbJh fJe tZv/ gq/oe dk ezw eo ;edhj?.

ekbh t/JhI dh eko ;/tk L ibekbh t/JhI dh eko ;/tk L ibekbh t/JhI dh eko ;/tk L ibekbh t/JhI dh eko ;/tk L ibekbh t/JhI dh eko ;/tk L ibgqd{FB dk ;EkJh jZbgqd{FB dk ;EkJh jZbgqd{FB dk ;EkJh jZbgqd{FB dk ;EkJh jZbgqd{FB dk ;EkJh jZb

thjthI ;dh d/ nzfsw fszB djkfenK

d"okB gzikp d/ pkeh dfonktK-BdhnK

tKr r[o{ BkBe d/t ih Bkb ;zpzfXs

gftZso BdhI ekbh t/JhI th T[d:'rK dh

}fjobh ofjzd-y{zjd ns/ fgzvK FfjoK d/

xo/b{ ;hto/i d/ gkDh g?D Bkb g{oh soQK

d{fFs j' u[Zeh ;h. i[bkJh 2000 ftu

;zs pbpho f;zx ;hu/tkb tb'I b'eK d/

;fj:'r Bkb fJ; Bdh d/ ;[Xko ns/

;\kJh bJh fJe ftFkb eko ;/tk w[fjzw

ubkJh rJh i' fgSb/ 15 ;kb s'I brksko

uZb ojh j?. t/JhI dk ekfJnk ebg eofdsk frnk j?. fJ; ~ ;ikT[D-fFzrkoBd/ Bkb jh fJ; ftu'I p{Nh s/ rko eZY e/fJ; dh ;\kJh ehsh rJh ns/ fJ; ftugkDh dk fBozso tjkn ukb{ eoB d/:sB ehs/ rJ/.

t/JhI ftu gkDh d/ tjkn ~ ukb{eoB d/ Bkb-Bkb fJ; d/ gkDh dhgftZsosk ~ pjkb eoB bJh w[fjzw thF[o{ ehsh rJh. t/JhI d/ gkDh ~ gqd{FBw[es eoB dk ekoi tX/o/ r[zMbdko ezwj' fBZpfVnk feT[Ife fJ; d/ feBko/ t;/j'J/ 43 fgzvK s/ 6 FfjoK d/ ;hto/iK d/

rzd/ gkDh fJ;/ t/JhI Bdhftu jh g?Id/ ;B fiBQK ~pzd eoBk e'Jh nk;kBezw BjhI ;h.

t/JhI dh eko ;/tkd"okB ;zs ;hu/tkb tb'Irzd/ gkDhnK d/ T[;ko{pdbt/I gqpzX eoB dksiopk fJe ftbZyDnB[Gt ;kfps j'fJnk.fJe gkf;T[I F[o{ eoe/t/JhI ezY/ jo/e fgzv ftu}whB j/mK gkJhg bkJhBKgk e/ ;kok rzdk gkDh

fgzv d/ ;KM/ SZgV ftu fJeZmk eoB dk

ezw nkozG eo fdsk frnk. ;zs ;hu/tkb

tb'I t/JhI feBko/ d/ fgzvK ftu xZN you/

Bkb T[;koh s/ ubkJh ik ;eD tkbh

e[dosh Yzr dh NohNw?IN seBhe ~ bkr{

ehsk frnk j?. fJ; seBhe sfjs rzd/

gkDh ftu'I ;kJheb'B ftXh okjhI gkDh

ftubh rko ns/ s/b ~ tZyok eo fbnk

iKdk j?. nke;hiB dh w"i{drh ftu fJ;

~ fJe j\sk ;{oi dhnK feoBK ftu

oZfynk iKdk j?. fJo"fpe fefonk d[nkok

NohN ehsk gkDh gkJhg bkJhBK ftSk e/

y/sh bJh w[jZJhnk eo fdsk iKdk j?.

e[b?eFB g¯v ftu'I NohN ehsk j'fJnk


gkDh y/sh bJh tosD tk;s/ ;zpzfXs fgzvdh gzukfJs d/ Bkw #s/ w'No fpibhe[B?eFB th fdtkJ/ rJ/ jB.

t/JhI feBko/ #s/ ;fEs FfjoK ;[bskBg[ob'Xh ns/ eg{oEbk ftu ;oekoh s"o s/brkJ/ rJ/ NohNw?IN gbKN s'I NohN j'u[Ze/ gkDh ~ 8 feb'whNo bzph gkJhgbkJhB gk e/ y/sh bJh ;gbkJh ehsk ikfojk j?. 500 J/eV ftu f;zikJh j' ojhj?. 72 fe;kB fJ; s'I bkG b? oj/ jB.f}bQk j[fFnkog[o d/ Ffjo d;{jk ftufiE/ fe gfjbK e'Jh NohNw?IN gbKN w"i{dBjhI ;h, b'eK tb'I pj[s xZN you/ BkbNohNw?IN gbKN fsnko eo fdsk frnk j?i' fe\kfJsh j? s/ pj[s ;[uko{ th. fJ;ftu NohN j'D tkbk gkDh y/sh bJh;gbkJh eoB tk;s/ bzph gkJhg bkJhBgk e/ ukb{ eo fdsh rJh j?. d;{jkfJbke/ d/ 350 J/eV oep/ ftu 35fe;kB fJ; gkDh ~ e[dosh y/sh bJhtos'I ftu fbnk oj/ jB.

fJj toBD:'r j? fe fgzvK-FfjoK d/

NohNw?IN gbKN, ;hto/i gqDkbh ns/

gkJhg bkJhBK ftSkT[D bJh b'VhId/

BeF/ ns/ seBhe ;zs ;hu/tkb dh

nrtkJh ftu uZb oj/ @seBheh y'i

e/Ido# tb'I w[jZJhnk eotkJ/ iKd/ jB.

NohNw?IN gbKN ns/ ;hto/i gqDkbh

dh ;zs ;hu/tkb tb'I xo/b{ rzd/ gkDh

bJh fte;s ehsh rJh fJj ;kdh,

;;sh s/ ;[uko{ seBhe ~ T[;koBk

pj[s nk;kB j? ns/ fJ; d/ bJh

f}nkdk XB dh }o{os th BjhI g?Idh

ns/ Bk jh fJ; d/ pzd j'D dk e'Jh

vo j[zdk j?. fgzv Bro d[orzX

ofjs j' iKd/ jB. BkbhnK tkbh

irQk #s/ c[Zb-p{N/ brk e/ fgzv Bro

~ jfonk-Gfonk eo fdsk iKdk j?.

Bshi/ ns/ ;peBshi/ ns/ ;peBshi/ ns/ ;peBshi/ ns/ ;peBshi/ ns/ ;pe

nkw b'eK tb'I eko ;/tk okjhI gftZso

ekbh t/JhI dk ;[Xko eoB Bkb fJe;zskg pfDnk j'fJnk fgzvK-FfjoK dk rzdkgkDh j[D todkB ;kps j' fojk j?. fJ;Bkb fgzvK s/ FfjoK d/ rzd/ gkDh ~ T[;gk;/ tZb w'V fdsk frnk j? fiE/ fJj j'orzdrh, gqd{FB ns/ phwkohnK \?bkT[D dkekoB BjhI pDBr/ ;r'I y/sh ftu fJ; dhtos'I okjhI eJh gqeko dk bkG th fbnkik ;e/rk. i' ;k\ gkDh Xosh j/m'I eZYe/ y/sh bJh tofsnk ikDk ;h, T[; dhth pZus j' rJh j?. ;kd/ Yzr BkbNohN ehs/ fJ; rzd/ gkDh Bkb e[doshy/sh ehsh ik ;edh j? ns/ nopK o[gJ/dh ykd dh pZus ehsh ik ;edh j?.

(b/ye gftZso ekbh t/JhI eko ;/tk s/ gkDhnKdh ;tZSsk ;zpzXh w[fjzw dk Bkwh gZsoekoj?.)

@;tZS Gkos# w[fjzw dk tk;sfte wjZst;wfMnk ikDk ukjhdk j?. tksktoB wzsohB/ 9 d;zpo 2014 ~ :{ n?B n?c ;h ;h;h ~ ;zp'XB eod/ j'J/ Gkos dh tksktoBgqfs g{oB gqfspZXsk dk gqrNktk ehsk.T[BQK dZf;nk fe @;tZS T{oik# d/ gq'rokwnB[;ko e'b/ dhnK ykDK s/ gq:'r ftu;[Xko ehs/ ik oj/ jB s/ ;{oih T{oik dkNhuk tXk e/ 100,000 w?rktkN eo fdskfrnk j? fi; sfjs 100 fpbhnB vkbodk fBt/F ehsk ikt/rk s/ 165 fwbhnBNB ekopB vkfJnke;kJhv d/ fBek; dh;kbkBk ewh ehsh ik ;e/rh. izrbks d/Bt/I y/so pDkT[D bJh tZv/ :sB ehs/ ikoj/ jB s/ fJ; bJh 6 fpbhnB dh okFhdk fBt/F ehsk ik fojk j?. BthI ;oeko100 ;wkoN Ffjo dh :'iBk pDk e/tksktoB ftu ;[Xko dhnK BthnK y'iK #s/nwb eo/rh. wzsoh B/ ;hfwzN T[d:'rbJh gqd{FB o'eD bJh Bt/I wkgdzvK s/T[gktK pko/ th dZf;nk. d/F d/ gqw[ZydfonktK fiBQK ftu rzrk gqw[Zy j?, sZNtosh

fJbkfenK s/ fjwkfbnk dhnK xkNhnK dh;\kJh s/ ;zGkb dhnK :'iBktK pko/ thikDekoh fdsh.

fgqEth #s/ gqd{FB dk brksko tXd/ikDk, B/ wB[Zysk s/ j'o ;ko/ ihtB YKu/~ jh ]so/ ftu gk fdsk j?. g"D-gkDhftu gfotosB s/ Xosh dh tXdh rowhB/ nfijhnK gq;fEshnK B/ Xosh #s/ t;DtkfbnK ~ ;ot-ftBkF d/ okj #s/ XZefdsk j?. i/ tes f;o tZv/ T[gokb/ Bkehs/ rJ/ sK fgSb/ ;kb gqekfFs nkgDhg[;se @fd; u/Ii} n?tofEzr - e?ghNfb}wto;} fd ebkJhw/IN L fJj sK ;G e[Mpdb d/t/rk - g{zihtkd pBkw g"D-gkDh#ftu gqf;ZX e?B/vhnB b/ye s/ fuzseBkT[wh eb'B B/ ft;sko ;fjs ;wMkfJnkj?, @@jkb/ th tes j? wjKftBkFekoh sgFs'I pu ;eD dk.## b/ye B/ dZf;nk j?fe fet/I @Bt-T[dkotkd d/ \b;\/ B/p/fj;kph T[gG'rsk s/ ekopB-G[Zy/ f;;Nw~ gqc[bs ehsk j? tksktoB s/ feosfto'Xh tgko ;wM"fsnK ~ T[sFkfjs ehskj? s/ tZv/ tgko ;z;EkBK ~ w'NhnKewkJhnK eotkJhnK jB.## b/ye nB[;kowkBtsk B/ j[D fBoD/ eoB/ jB fe ;k~fe; soQK dhnK edoK-ehwsK g;zd j'DhnKukjhdhnK jB s/ n;hI fe; soQK dhihtBF?bh ngDkT[Dk ukj[zd/ jK. ;k~BhshnK ns/ ftukoXkok ftu BkNeh gfotosBeoB dh b'V j? s/ ftfrnkBeK s/BhshtkBK ~ f;o i'V e/ fgqEth d/ Bt/InkFk Gog{o GftZy dh ;[oZfynk bJh d{ofdqFNh tkb/ fBoD/ eoe/ T[BQK #s/ nwbj'D d/ m'; sohe/ fBFus eoB dh}o{os j?.

nZi @Xosh pukT[# nzd'bB dh ftFtgZXo #s/ tuBpZXsk dk fdt; nk frnkj?.

(b/ye Gkosh ftd/F ;/tk dk ;kpek nfXekoh

s/ T[`xk gZsoeko j?.)




y/shpkVhy/shpkVhy/shpkVhy/shpkVhy/shpkVh

y/sh nkXkfos nkofEesk tkX/ bJh gzukfJsK dh G{fweky/sh nkXkfos nkofEesk tkX/ bJh gzukfJsK dh G{fweky/sh nkXkfos nkofEesk tkX/ bJh gzukfJsK dh G{fweky/sh nkXkfos nkofEesk tkX/ bJh gzukfJsK dh G{fweky/sh nkXkfos nkofEesk tkX/ bJh gzukfJsK dh G{fwek

w[fjzdo f;zx pkitkw[fjzdo f;zx pkitkw[fjzdo f;zx pkitkw[fjzdo f;zx pkitkw[fjzdo f;zx pkitk

os ftu, ]k; s"o s/ gzikpftu, joh eqKsh d/ :[r ftu

fotkfJsh xZN T[sgkdB tkbh y/sh dknkeko xNdk frnk ns/ T[u T[sgkdBs/ nkwdB tXkT{ y/sh gqDkbh dk nkekobrksko tZXdk frnk. Bshi/ ti'I fe;kBns/ g/Iv{ GkJhukok y/shpkVh ns/ fJ; Bkb;zpzfXs feZfsnK ~ T[u w[Bk\k d/D tkb/eko'pko d/ o{g ftu d/yD bZr/. gofgSb/ eJh ;kbK s'I y/shpkVh d/ ftek;eoB ftu eJh soQK dhnK u[B"shnK T[Goe/ nkT[D Bkb y/sh T[sgkdB s/ w[Bk\/ d/tkX/ dh do brksko wZmh j[zdh rJh fi;eoe/ d/F dk s/ gzikp dk y/sh y/sonkofEesk, seBkb'ih ns/ tksktoB gZy'IfJe tko fco u"okj/ #s/ nk yVQk j'fJnkj?. y/sh nkXkos bkj/tzdh xNdh ikDeoe/ fe;kB dh nkofEe jkbs ;zeNftu ik ojh j?. pj[s/ fe;kB b'VK Bkb'IxZN nkwdB tkb/ jkbks ftu ofjDeoe/ y/shpkVh d/ Xzd/ ~ SZvD tk;s/wip{o j' oj/ jB. fJE'I se fe d/F d/e[Zb xo/b{ T[sgkdB ftu y/sh y/sonkofEesk dk fjZ;k xNdk ikDk :'iBktKpDkT[D tkfbnK tk;s/ fuzsk dk ftFkpDdk ik fojk j?. ;w/I Bkb fe;kBGkJhukok s/ y/shpkVh d/ ftek; d/ ndko/fJj wzBD bZr/ jB fe joh eqKsh d"okBngDkJhnK rJhnK y/sh gqpzX ekoi BhshnK,seBheK s/ fdjksh ftek; gqDkbh dhy/shpkVh tZb fdsh rJh ;jkfJsk w"i{dk;w/I ftu T[u y/sh T[sgkdB, bkj/tzdh

ns/ fJ; nkXkos ;op gZyh g/Iv{ nkofEes/ ;wkfie ftek; d/ tkX/ dh do ekfJwoZyD tk;s/ ek\h BjhI jB. fJj thwfj;{; ehsk ik fojk j? fe Gkt/I y/shy/so ;zpzXh ;oeko d/ y/shpkVh s/ pk|pkBhftGkr ns/ j'o eJh ;oekoh s/ |?o-;oekoh ndko/ y/sh gqpzX seBheK, fJBg[N;(phi, ykdK, gkDh, ehV/ s/ phwkohnK o'eDtk;s/ dtkJhnK, T{oik-wFhBK nkfd) s/j'o ;j{bsK fe;kBK se gj[zukT[D tk;s/f}zw/tkoh fBGkT[Id/ jB go ;EkBe g/Iv{ftek; eotkT[D tkbh gzukfJs gqDkbhtb'I fe;kB GkJhuko/ dh T[u y/sh T[sgkdBe[Fbsk ns/ bkj/tzd tkX/ tZb ekfJwoZyD ftu ns/ fgzv d/ ;EkBe y/sh y/sod/ ftek; tk;s/ ;j{bsK s/ ;jkfJsk d/Dkth pj[s bkGdkfJe j' ;edk j?.

;kv/ d/F ftu brGr 270 j}kons/ gzikp ftu brGr 12770 gzukfJsKjB fiBQK ~ ;zftXkfBe s"o s/ ;t?-;oekoh;z;EktK d/ o{g ftu fgzv gZXo #s/ ;EkBeftek; eotkT[D dhnK ekoi BhshnK fsnkoeoB s/ bkr{ eoB tk;s/ nfXeko fwb/j'J/ jB. fi; eoe/ Gkt/I eJh gzukfJsKfgzvK ftu nkw fBZs d/ ftek; ekoieoB ftu ek\h Fbkxk:'r nrtkJh eoojhnK jB go toswkB ;o{g ftu pj[shnKgzukfJsK fgzv ftu jo tor dh fe;kBhs/ fJ; Bkb ;zpzfXs feZfsnK s'I T[sgkdBs/ bkj/tzd ftek; eoB tk;s/ nrtkJhd/D ftu fgSV ojhnK jB. n;b ftu,;kv/ fgzvK dhnK pj[shnK gzukfJsK fJj

nB[Gt BjhI eodhnK fe g/Iv{ GkJhuko/(brGr 66 gqfsFs nkpkdh fgzvK ftuj?) dh o'}h, nkofEesk ns/ j'o ;wkfieb'VK g{ohnK eoBk gqw[Zy s"o s/ y/shpkVhs'I nkwdB #s/ jh fBoGo eod/ jB.fJ; tk;s/ fgzvK dk ;op-gZyh ftek;eoBk y/sh y/so d/ T[sgkdB, e[Fbskns/ bkj/tzdh ~ tkX/ tZb ekfJw oZyD s'IfpBK ;zGt BjhI. fJBQK gzukfJsK dh fgzvd/ y/sh ns/ fJ; ;zpzfXs feZfsnK d/bkj/tzd tkX/ tZb ekfJw oZyD tk;s/;j{bsK g?dk eoB s/ ;jkfJsk eoB ftuFw{bhns s/ nrtkJh brGr BK d/pokpo jh j?.

fJ; tk;s/ b'V j? fe fJe BthI ;'us/ GftZy-w[yh fdqFNhe'B Bkb rshFhb:'iBk pDkJh ikt/. i' y/sh ns/ fJ; Bkb;zpzfXs feZfsnK s'I nkwdB s/ bkj/tzdtkX/ tZb ekfJw oZyD tk;s/ jo tordk fe;kB GkJhukok, gzukfJsK s/ y/shpkVhftek; d/ ndko/ nkg; ftu skbw/b tkb/J/eheoB Bkb @y/sh T[sgkdB, vZpkpzdh,wzvheoB# gqDkbh d/ bkj/tzd tkX/ dhp[fBnkdh ;woEk (seBheh, wkbh, f;ybkJhgqkgs wkBt ;o's nkfd) dk fBowkDeoBk :ehBh pDkJ/. fJ; :'iBk sfjsfdjksh ftek; d/ ndko/ gzukfJs gqDkbhtb'I y/shpkVh d/ ftek; dhnK ekotkJhnKftu ;fj:'r d/D Bkb y/sh ns/ fJ;Bkb ;zpzfXs feZfsnK d/ T[sgkdB s/bkj/tzdh tXkT[D ftu T[Go e/ nkT[IdhnKu[B"shnK d/ jZb eJh gZyK s'I fJe jh

GkGkGkGkGk


t/b/ \?;b/ b? e/ gqpzXe T[gokb/ ehs/ ik;ed/ jB.

gzukfJsK dh y/sh y/so tZb nrtkJhs/ ;jkfJsk ]k; wjZssk oZydh j? feT[IfefJeZb/-fJeZb/ xZN ;kXBK tkb/ ns/ BK d/pokpo g{zih fBt/F eo ;eD dh ;woEktkb/ fe;kB GkJhuko/ (]k; s"o s/ S'N/fe;kB) tk;s/ pj[s wfjzrhnK fJBg[N;(ykdK, gkDh, dtkJhnK, T{oik, phi nkfd)dh tos'I b'VhIdhnK frnkB nkXkos nkX[fBeseBheK ~ ngDkT[Dk pj[s w[Ffeb j[zdkj?. fgzv ftu fe;kB GkJhuko/ ~ T[s;kfjseo e/, ;zrmB s/ ;fjekoh ;GktK pDkT[Dftu nrtkJh eoe/ gzukfJsK ;w{fje s"os/ b'VhId/ gqpzX eoe/ y/sh s/ fJ; Bkb;zpzfXs feZfsnK dh T[sgkdB e[Fbsk s/bkj/tzdh ftu tkXk eoB ftu wdd eo;edhnK jB.

nkT[Id/ ;w/I ftu S'N/ gZXo dh fe;kBhnkXkos nkofEesk tXkT{ jok-fJBebkpfbnkT[Dk ;kv/ fgzvK s/ d/F dh b'V j?.fJ; tk;s/ gzukfJsK s/ y/shpkVh ftek; d/gqpzXeK ~ fgzv d/ S'N/ gZXo d/ fe;kBGkJhuko/ dh y/sh s'I ns/ y/sh s'I pkjobhnkwdB brksko tkX/ tZb oZyD tk;s/;j{bsK s/ ;jkfJsk d/Dk w[Ybh b'V j?.fJj fe;kB f;o\ y/sh s'I jh E'VQh s/ b'VKBkb'I xZN nkwdB j'D eoe/ ne;o jhpj[s/ you/ b'VhIdhnK nkX[fBe y/sh gqpzX(\;bK phiD s'I wzvheoB se) seBheKngDkT[D ftu fgSV iKd/ jB s/ bkj/tzdtkX/ tZb ekfJw BjhI oZy ;ed/. fJ;tk;s/ b'V j? fe y/shpkVh ftGkr s/ j'oftek; d/ ndko/ ;EkBe fgzvK dh gzukfJsgqDkbh dh wdd Bkb fJ; ew}'o s/ xZNnkwdB tkb/ fe;kB GkJhuko/ se xZNi'yw iK i'yw ofjs y/sh gqpzX seBheK,fJBg[N; dh ikfJ} ehws s/ T[gbpsk,T[giK dh vZpkpzdh d/ T[d:'rK se gj[zu,bkj/tzd wzvheoB ns/ j'o you/ xNkT{ s/bkG tXkT{ ;/tktK dh brksko s/ fJe-

;kthI gj[zu eoB. fJBQK fe;kBK dhekor[}koh ;woEk tXkT[D tk;s/ fJBQK ~j[Bowzd pDkT[D tk;s/ f;ybkJh ;j{bsKg?dk eoBk gzukfJsK dk gqw[Zy Nhuk j'Dkukjhdk j?. fJ; soQK j[Bowzd S'N/ fe;kBy/sh s'I w[Bkck tXkT[D d/ Bkb-Bkb y/shs'I pkjob/ o;wh w[bk}ws iK ;t?-o[}rkob?D d/ :'r pD ;eDr/.

;kv/ fe;kB s/ g/Iv{ GkJhuko/ tb'I\;bK d/ T[sgkdB tXkT[D #s/ pj[sfwjBs ehsh iKdh j? go tkYh fgS'IT[giK dh ;jh ;KG-;zGkb tk;s/ b'VhId/T[gokb/ BjhI ehs/ iKd/. fi; eoe/ tZv/gZXo #s/ nBki s/ j'o T[giK (]k; s"o s/ibdh BFN j'D tkbhnK) d/ ]okp/ BkbBk f;o\ fe;kBK dk wkbh B[e;kB j'iKdk j? ;r'I Bkb jh Bkb ykD tkb/gdkoEK dhnK ehwsK tX iKdhnK jBns/ d/F dh y[oke ;[oZfynk #s/ th YknbZr iKdh j?. ftFt p?Ie d/ fJe nB[wkBnB[;ko Gkos ftu jo ;kb e[Zb g?dktkoftu'I brGr 40 gqfsFs (brGr 50,000eo'V o[gJ/) nBki s/ j'o T[giK d/ ]okp/j' iKd/ jB. fJBQK ~ xNkT[D tk;s/d/F dhnK ;oekoK Gkt/I pj[s T[gokb/ eoojhnK jB go b'V j? fe fJj ]okp/tkb/ fgzv s/ fe;kB d/ y/s gZXo #s/ jhxNkJ/ ikD. n;b ftu, y/shpkVh ftGkrs/ gzukfJs gqDkbh ~ skbw/b Bkb ukjhdkj? fe T[j fe;kBK ~ fJj nB[Gt eokT[Dfe T[j y/sh s/ fJ; Bkb ;zpzfXs feZfsnKd/ T[sgkdB tXkT[D ~ ns/ T[giK dh;jh ;KG-;zGkb eo e/ ]okp/ ~ xNkT[Ds/ fJBQK dh r[Dtsk ekfJw oZyD ~fJe;ko wjZssk d/D. gzukfJs gqDkbhfgzv ftu T[giK dh ;zGkb tk;s/ ;j{bsKg?dk eoB ftu nrtkJh eo ;edh j?ns/ nkofEesk tkX/ tZb oZyD ftu ;jkJhj' ;edh j?.

fgzvK ftu nBki s/ ibdh BFNj'D tkbhnK T[giK d/ ;jh GzvkoB dhnK

b'VhIdhnK ;j{bsK dh xkN j'Dk fJBQKT[giK d/ ]okp/ dk fJe gqw[Zy ekoB j?.Gkt/I ;oeko tb'I T[giK dh ;zGkb s/GzvkoB tk;s/ tZv/-tZv/ r[dkw pDkT[D d/T[gokb/ ehs/ ik oj/ jB go fJj th b'Vj? fe ;oeko gzukfJsK, fe;kB ;zrmBKns/ fe;kBK ~ th b'VhIdh ftZsh ;jkfJskgqdkB eo/ sK fe i' jo y/s gZXo #s/dkD/dko t;sK tk;s/ xZN yofunK dhbkrs tkb/ fwZNh iK fJZNK Bkb 1 s'I 4NB ;woEk tkb/ r[dkw pDkJ/ ikD, ns/fgzv gZXo #s/ dkD/dko nBki d/ GzvkoBtk;s/ 20 s'I 30 NB ;woEk tkb/ r[dkwns/ ;kJhb'} ;Ekgs ehs/ ikD. fJ; s'IfJbktk, ibdh BFN j'D tkbhnK ;p}hnKs/ cbK dh ;jh ;zGkb tk;s/ th mzY/;N'o nkfd Bkb gzukfJsK fe;kBK ~ i'V;edhnK jB iK ;oeko dh wdd BkbfJj ;j{bsK fgzv ftu jh ;Ekgs eoBd/ T[gokb/ eo ;edhnK jB.

j[D ;wK j? fe y/shpkVh ftek; d/ndko/, gzukfJs gqDkbh ns/ fe;kB GkJhukokfJj nB[Gt eo/ fe y/sh nXkos nkofEeskd/ tkX/ dh do Xhwh jh oj/rh id sey/sh T[sgkdB tXkT[D d/ Bkb-Bkb T[giKdh vZpkpzdh eoe/ T[u r[Dtsk (g'qNhB,ftNkfwB, y[okeh sZs nkfd) tkbhnK t;sK$gdkoE, d/;h s/ ftd/Fh wzvhnK ftu T[uw[Zb s/ ftZeoh eo e/ tZv/ gZXo #s/ ewkJheoB dh ;zGktBk s'I bkG BjhI fbnkiKdk. ;kv/ d/F ftu y/sh T[giK dh e[Zbg?dktko ftu'I f;o\ 10 gqfsFs T[giK dhjh vZpkpzdh j' ojh j? id fe fte;sd/FK ftu fJj ;fEsh 65 s'I 80 gqfsFsse j?. f;o\ 2 gqfsFs jh cb s/;p}hnK vZpkpzd j[zdhnK jB. fJ; tk;s/b'V j? fe gzukfJsK ns/ y/sh ftek; d/;oekoh s/ |?o-;oekoh ndko/ nkg; ftuskbw/b eoe/ T[dwhnK, ;t?-;jkfJe wB[Zyh;w{jK, ;GktK nkfd ~ T[s;kfjs eoe/wkbh ;jkfJsk d/D tkbhnK ;z;EktK e'b'I


wdd b? e/ fgzvK ftu S'NhnK s/ dofwnkB/nkeko s/ ;woEk tkbhnK vZpkpzd T[d:'frefJekJhnK ns/ S'N/ gZXo d/ ;t?-vZpkpzdheko'pko ;Ekgs eoB tk;s/ ;j{bsK ns/;jkfJsk d/D ftu nrtkJh eoB. y/shT[giK dh vZpkpzdh pko/ ;oekoh s/ |?o;oekoh :'iBktK s/ ubkJhnK ik ojhnK;ehwK dk fgzv gZXo #s/ bkG b?D tk;s/gzukfJsK ~ nrtkJh eoBh ukjhdh j?.fJ; soQK w";wh s/ ibdh BFN j'DtkbhnK T[giK, \;bK d/ ofjzd-y{zjd nkfddh vZpkpzdh eoe/ s/ ]okp/ xNk e/fe;kBK s/ g/Iv{ GkJhuko/ dh nkofEesktkX/ tZb ekfJw oj/rh. Bkb dh Bkbfe;kBK, :[teK s/ j'o g/Iv{ GkJhuko/ tk;s/;t?-o[}rko d/ w"e/ g?dk j'Dr/.

y/sh y/so dh T[sgkdB e[Fbsk s/bkj/tzd tkX/ tZb ekfJw oZyD tk;s/ ns/y/sh s'I fJbktk, ;orowhnK ~ Y[ethI}whB T[s/ ;Ekgs eoB tk;s/ b'V j? fegzukfJs gqDkbh ns/ fgzv ftub/ ;EkBey/shpkVh ftek; dk ndkok nkg; ftuskbw/b eoe/, fe;kB GkJhuko/ dh Fw{bhnsns/ wkb ftGkr s/ G{wh goy gq:'rFkbkdh wdd Bkb ;w[Zu/ fgzv dh fJe T[fus@}whB tos'I# :'iBk pDkJh ikt/. fJj:'iBk pDkT[D t/b/ }whB dh w"i{dk tos'Is/ GftZy dhnK b'VK, G{r'fbe ikDekoh,}whB dh r[DtZsk ns/ T[gikT{ ;woEk,T[d:'r ;Ekgs eoB tk;s/ }whB dhb'V, p[fBnkdh ;j{bsK g?dk eoB tk;s/b'V nkfd fXnkB ftu oZyD/ }o{oh jB.fJ; :'iBk d/ bkr{ j'D Bkb gfjbK s'Ijh y/sh j/m xNdh ik ojh T[gikT{ }whBpukn e/ pkeh }whB dh Y[ethI tos'Ieoe/ fJ; e[dosh ;o's dh ;zGkb ehshik ;e/rh ns/ y/sh y/so nkXkos nkofEesktkX/ tZb ekfJw oyh ik ;e/rh.

eJh tko nukBe e[dosh nk\sK(Gkoh pkfoF, ;'ek, skgwkB d/ pdbkn,ehV/ phwkohnK d/ jZb/, rV/, MZyV, jVQ

nkfd) nk ikD Bkb y/sh T[sgkdB xNDiK \;bK d/ g{oh soQK popkd j'D eoe/fe;kBK s/ g/Iv{ GkJhuko/ ~ n;fj nkofEe;zeN dk ]sok g? iKdk j?. fJBQK ]sfonKdk ;kjwDk eoBk ne;o jh fJeZb/gqGkts fe;kBK iK ;EkBe y/sh ftek; d/ndko/ d/ tZ; ftu BjhI j[zdk. fJ; tk;s/fgzv dh gzukfJs ~ nZr/ bZr e/ fe;kBKs/ g/Iv{ GkJhuko/ ~ fJeZm/ ;w{je s"o s/;oekoh s/ |?o-;oekoh ftek; d/ ndko/ns/ wkbh ;jkfJsk d/D tkb/ t;hfbnKBkb ;zgoe eo e/ gqGkts fe;kBK dhy/shpkVh ~ g[Bo ihts eoB d/ T[gokb/eoB/ ukjhd/ jB. fJ; d/ Bkb jh BkbfJBQK gqGkts b'eK d/ w[V-t;/p/ tk;s/Y[ethnK ;j{bsK \;bK d/ (phi, ykdK,ehV/ s/ phwkohnK o'eD tk;s/ dtkJhnK,wkbh ;jkfJsk nkfd) w[jZJhnk eoB d/gqpzX eoe/ y/sh ns/ fJ; d/ ;zpzfXsfeZfsnK nkXkos nkofEesk ~ Ykn bZrD'IpukT[Dk gzukfJsK dk Nhuk j'Dk ukjhdkj?. b'V j? fe y/shpkVh ftek; dk ndkokgzukfJs d/ ;fj:'r Bkb fgzv ftu fJes/}h Bkb okjs ekotkJhnK eo ;eDtkbk wB[Zyh ;zrmB pDkJ/ sK i' nk\snkT[D #s/ gfjb d/ nkXko #s/ pj[sibdh gqGktFkbh okjs d/ edw u[Ze/ ikDns/ y/sh nkXkos nkofEesk s'I xZN s'IxZN wkVk n;o gt/.

Gkos ftu seBkb'iheb, ftfrnkBens/ ;{uBk s/ ;zuko seBheK d/ uZb oj/fJBebkp d/ :[r ftu ns/ y/sh s/ fJ;Bkb ;zpzfXs feZfsnK d/ T[sgkdB, vZpkpzdhs/ wzvheoB d/ gqpzX eoB ftu brkskotXdhnK r[zMbdko u[B"shnK dk ;kjwDkeoB tk;s/ b'V j? fe :[teK, fe;kBK,wfjbktK ns/ j'o ekfwnK dh j[Bo ;woEktXkJh ikt/. fJ; tk;s/ ;oekoh gZXo #s/ns/ y/shpkVh ftek; ndko/ d/ gZXo #s/eJh gq'rokw ubkT[D tk;s/ Fbkxk:'rT[gokb/ th ehs/ ik oj/ jB. ;w/I dh b'Vj? fe gzukfJs gqDkbh s/ y/sh ftek; d/

ndko/ fgzv ftu jh ;j{bsK s/ ;kXB g?dkeoe/ jo tor d/ g/Iv{ GkJhuko/ ~ftjkoe j[Bo tkbh f;ybkJh d/D d/T[gokb/ eoB sK fe |?o j[Boh wB[Zyht;hb/ ~ f;ybkJh gqkgs j[Bowzd pDk e/T[BQK ~ e[Fbsk Bkb frnkB nkXkosnkX[fBe y/sh T[sgkdB e[Fbsk s/ bkGtXkT{ gqpzXe seBheK ngDkT[D, T[ur[Dtsk tkbhnK t;sK fsnko eoB, T[giKdh vZpkpzdh eoB ns/ j'o eJh soQK d/y/sh gqpzX (phiD s'I wzvheoB se) eoBd/ :'r pDkfJnk ikt/. Bkb jh T[jy/sh y/so ftub/ ns/ fJ; s'I pkjob/o;wh w[bk}ws s/ ;t?-o[}rko d/ nt;oKdk bkG b? ;eD. fJ; soQK dh f;ybkJhs/ ftZfdnk ;ogzuK s/ j'o gzukfJs w?IpoKtk;s/ th }o{oh j? sK i' T[j fe;kBK s/g/Iv{ GkJhuko/ d/ Go';/:'r nrtkJh eoBtkb/ ns/ ;bkjeko pD ;eD. fJ; soQKfgzv fJe @j[Bo gqkgs wB[Zyh ;o's dk}yhok# s/ @j[Bowzd fgzv# nytkT[D dkwkD gqkgs eo ;e/rk. fgzv d/ f;ybkJhgqkgs j[Bowzd ekfwnK tb'I fsnko ehshnKr[D-gqkgs T[giK (y/s s'I ygseko se),vZpkpzd gdkoE ns/ j'o T[u r[DZtsktkbhnK @wknoe/ t;sK# d/ d/;h ns/ftd/Fh wzvhnK ftu gqtkBsk tXD ns/T[u w[Zb s/ fteoh Bkb fgzv dh y/shnkXkos nkofEesk brksko tkX/ tZbekfJw oyh ik ;e/rh.

fgzvK ftu pVh tZvh wksok ftueJh soQK dk i?fte ofjzd-y{zjd (\;bK d/pu-y[u, xoK ftu'I fBefbnk euok, gF{nKdk r'po nkfd) g?dk j[zdk j?. fi; ~fJeZmk eoe/ ;zGkb eoBk, y/sh T[sgkdBtXkT[D tk;s/ tosDk ns/ fgzv ftutksktoB d{Fs j'D'I o'eDk gzukfJs gqDkbhdhnK ekoi BhshnK d/ nN[ZN fjZ;/ j'D/ukjhd/ jB.

gzikp ftu jo ;kb brGr 200bZy NB eDe s/ M'B/ dk ofjzd-y{zjd y/


sK ftu jh ;kfVnk iKdk j?. fe;kBGkJhuko/ ~ T[s;kjs eoe/ fJ; tksktoBd{fFs eoB tkbh ekotkJh #s/ o'e brkT[Dftu gzukfJsK dh nrtkJh dh ;jkfJskdh pj[s wjZssk j?. fJj i?fte ofjzd-y{zjd s'I o{Vh ns/ pkfJU r?; pDk e/fgzv dh y/sh dh ykd s/ T{oik dh b'Vek\h jZd se g{oh ehsh ik ;edh j?.\;bK d/ pu-y[u s/ j'o i?fte ofjzd-y{zjd ~ jw/Fk }whB ftu dpkn e/}whB dh T[gikT{ Fesh tXkT[D Bkby/sh T[sgkdB s/ bkG tXkT[D ftu wddeoBk gzukfJsK dk Nhuk j'Dk ukjhdk j?.

w"i{dk ;w/I ftu id d/F ~ @fv}hNbfJzvhnk# pDkT[D tk;s/ e'fFFK }'o cVojhnK jB, gzukfJs gqDkbh s/ y/sh ftek;d/ ndko/ ~ th ukjhdk j? fe fgzv d/ gVQ/fby/ :[teK, fe;kBK, gzukfJs w?IpoK ns/j'o g/Iv{ GkJhuko/ ~ ezfgT{No s/ fJzNoB?Npko/ f;ybkJh s/ j'o ;j{bsK g?dk eo e/fgzv d/ wB[Zyh ;o's ~ ;{uBk s/ ;zukoseBheK d/ uZb oj/ :[r ftu bkG b?D:'r pDkT[D. y/sh s/ fJ; ;zpzfXs feZfsnKdh T[sgkdB e[Fbsk ns/ bkj/tzd tkX/tZb ekfJw oZyD tk;s/ ;{uBk seBkb'ihdh tos'I ns/ nkB bkJhB d/ wkfXnwBkb fe;kB s/ j'o g/Iv{ GkJhukok y/sh-y'ihnK, y/sh ftek; d/ ndkfonK ns/ j'ofrnkB d/ e/IdoK (fit/I fe feqFh ftfrnkBe/Ido) Bkb pVh s/}h Bkb ftuko-tNKdo/eoe/ nkT[IdhnK ;wZf;nktK d/ jZb eo;eDr/. s/}h Bkb b'VhIdhnK y/sh s/\;b gqpzX seBheK, nuBu/s nk\sK,;EkBe w";w ftu pdbkn, fJBg[N; dhT[gbpXsk, wzvh ftu T[giK d/ Gkn ftuT[sokn-uVQkn nkfd pko/ ;{uBk fwbDBkb bkj/tzd tkX/ tZb oZyD ftu wddfwb ;edh j?.

jo/e fgzv ftu gzukfJsK ~ ;EkBey/shpkVh ftek; ndko/ d/ ;fj:'r Bkbns/ fgzzv d/ gVQ/-fby/ ns/ j[Bo gqkgs

;t?-fJZSe :[teK, fe;kBK, gzukfJs w?IpoKnkfd dhnK ;/tktK b? e/ fJe @y/sh ;{uBks/ frnkB e/Ido# iK ;?b ;Ekgs eoBkukjhdk j?, i' y/sh s/ fJ; Bkb ;zpzfXsfeZfsnK pko/ bkr{ ehshnK rJhnK ekoiBhshnK s/ j'o g/Iv{ ftek; ekoiK dhfBrokBh eo ;eD ns/ fe;kBK s/ g/Iv{GkJhuko/ dk y/sh ftek; ndko/ Bkbskbw/b oZyD ftu wdd eo ;eD. fJ;s'I fJbktk, fe;kBK ~ s/ y/sh ;zpzfXsfeZfsnK ~ b'VhIdhnK ;/tktK (fJBg[N; dhT[gbpXsk, wkbh wdd d/ ndko/, wFhBohdh w[ozws eoB tkb/, j[Bo nkXkosf;ybkJh d/ e/Ido nkfd) dh ikDekohgj[zukT[D dk ezw th eo ;ed/ jB. fJ;soQK fJj ;?b y/sh s/ fJ; ;zpzfXsfeZfsnK dh T[sgkdB e[Fbsk s/ bkj/tzdtkX/ tZb ekfJw oZyD ftu f;ZX/ ns/nf;ZX/ s"o s/ :'rdkB gk ;edk j?.

j[D ;wK j? fe BthI GftZy-w[yh ;'uBkb fJe ftnkge y/sh Bhsh fte;sehsh ikt/. fi; sfjs y/shpkVh y/so d/ftek; dk ndkok ns/ fgzv d/ ;EkBeftek; eotkT[D tkbh gzukfJs gqDkbhnkg; ftu ;fj:'r eoe/ y/sh ns/ fJ;;zpzfXs feZfsnK dh T[sgkdB e[Fbsk,T[giK dh vZpkpzdh ns/ wzvheoB s'I bkGtXkT[D tk;s/ fe;kBK s/ g/Iv{ GkJhuko/se b'VhIdhnK seBheK, ;kXBK s/ ;j{bsKdh gj[zu eoB tkbh ;w[Zuh gqDkbh dh;woEk tXkT[D d/ T[gokb/ eoB. eJhsoQK dhnK y/sh y/so ~ b'VhIdhnK ;j{bsKg?dk eo e/ gzukfJs gqDkbh y/sh nkXkosnkofEesk ~ tkX/ tZb poeoko oZyDftu wdd eo ;edh j?. gzukfJs gqDkbhdk fJj ;fj:'r y/shpkVh d/ y/so Bkbw[ekpb/ ftu BjhI ;wMDk ukjhdk ;r'IfJj y/sh y/so d/ T[gokfbnK ~ ;jkfJskd/D tkbk edw j'Dk ukjhdk j?.

(b/ye ;/tk-w[es fBod/Fe, gzikp y/shpkVh:{Bhtof;Nh, b[fXnkDk j?.)

ofj ;edk. fwbNoh ;N'o d/ fBo:ks

bJh n?B U ;h ikoh eoB bJh fJe

wkBe ;zukbB gqfefonk ~ nzfsw o{g

fdsk frnk j? ns/ fJ; ~ th iBse

v'w/B ftu gk fdsk frnk j?. ;oekoh

nfXekohnK tb'I oZfynk T[sgkdK, ftF/F

o{g s'I fjZ;/-g[o}/, T[g-gqDkbhnK ns/ T[g-

n;?IpbhnK T[s/ nzfsw tos'Ieosk gqwkD

gZso d/ d;s]s #s/ w'jo brkT[D dh

b'V dh nVuD ;wkgs eo fdsh j?.

oZfynk y/so ftu xo/b{ ns/ ftd/Fh

d'tK fBt/FeK bJh fJe tZvk w"ek T[gbpX

j?. ;kvk d/F d[BhnK dk tZvk ;?Bk pb

tkbk d/F j?. fi; bJh ;kbkBk piN

ftu 38 fpbhnB nwoheh vkbo dh

ftt;Ek j?. fi; dk 40 gqfsFs g{zih

gqkgsh bJh fJ;s/wkb ehsk iKdk j?.

nrb/ 7-8 ;kbK ftu n;hI w/e fJBfJzvhnk dh w"i{dk Bhsh j/m nkgD/ ;?fBepbK d/ nkX[fBeheoB bJh 130 fpbhnB

nwoheh vkbo dk fBt/F ehsk ikt/rk.

j[D okFNo d/ Bkb-Bkb tgko d/ bkG

d'tK bJh fJ; w"e/ dk ;jh fJ;s/wkb

eoB dh f}zw/tkoh ;ZBns T[s/ j?. fJ;

s'I fJbktk nrb/ 7-8 ;kbK ftu 25,000

eo'V o[gJ/ s'I f}nkdk dk eko'pko j't/rk.

fJe so\ fiE/ ;oeko pokwd,

bkfJ;?I;, n?c vh nkJh ;w/s fBt/F ns/

yohd bJh Bhsh ftu }o{oh pdbkn eo

ojh j?. T[E/ ;ZBns ~ th b'VhIdk

fBt/F ns/ ;ZBnsh wkwb/ ftu gqrsh

eoB dh u[B"sh ~ ;theko eoB bJh

;kjwD/ nkT[Dk ukjhdk j?. ;oeko xo/b{

;ZBns ;zpzXh fJe nfijh nB[Gt gqDkbh

fte;s eoB bJh tuBpX j?, fi; Bkb

T[j iBse ns/ fBZih d'tK y/soK ftu

pokpo d/ gZXo T[s/ tgkoe T[Bsh eo

;e/.

ghHnkJhHphH ibzXo



Fkp d/ o;s/ ftu fes/ thgEohnK j' ;edhnK jB, go

f}nkdkso fJj r[od/ ftu jh pDdhnKjB. nkw iB-;zfynk ftu 1 s'I 6gqfsFs b'eK ftu fgFkp-gqDkbh ftu gEohnKj' ;edhnK jB. fJj o'r fJ;sohnK d/w[ekpb/ wodK ftu tX/o/ j[zdk j?. eJhtko, fJj gfotkoK ftu ubdk j? fit/I -fJe pzd/ ~ gEoh j? sK T[; d/ fgU ~th fJj o'r ;h, GoktK ~ th ns/ nZr'IXhnK-g[ZsK ~ th j' ;edk j?.

r[od/ dh gEoh j't/ sK nkw eoe/bZe ftu, fJe gk;/ j/mK ~ pVh }pod;sghV fBebdh j? i' B/Ix s'I j[zdh j'Jh nZr/~ fbzr tZb iKdh j?. fgFkp xZN nkT[Idkj?, r{VQ/ ozr dk j[zdk j? ns/ eJh tkobkb th j' ;edk j?. eJhnK woh}K ~,E'VQk-E'VQk eoe/ xVh-w[Vh fgFkp nkT[Idkj?. g/N iK bZe ftu j'D tkbh dod,dpkT[D Bkb tXdh iK xNdh BjhI. ghVdh irQk ns/ doik B'N eoe/, w[nkfJBkeoB s'I fgZS'I, gEoh d/ j'D iK Bk j'Dpko/ sK vkeNo s[jk~ dZ; jh d/t/rk,fco th n?e;-o/, nbNok ;kT{Iv ns/fgFkp d/ N?;N dh fog'oN s'I jh gZehikDekoh fwbdh j?.

fgFkp dh ][odphBh iKu }ohJ/, i/fJ; ftu ]{B d/ bkb ;?b j'D sKT[go'es bZSDK tkb/ woh} ~ gZek, gEohdk o'r j?. nbNok ;kT{Iv N?;N Bkb,gEoh dk nkeko ns/ n;b ;EkB (feZE/nNeh j'Jh j?), dk gsk brdk j?.nbNok ;kT{Iv eotkT[D bJh fgFkp ~ekch d/o o'e e/ oZyDk g?Idk j? feT[Ife

N?;N t/b/, w;kBk Gfonk j'fJnk j'Dkukjhdk j?.

n?e;-o/ eotkT[D tk;s/ g/N dhuzrh soQK ;\kJh (oks ~ i[bkp b? e/)j'Jh j'Dh ukjhdh j?. n?e;-o/ dk fJeN?;N j[zdk j? fJzNok thB; gkfJb'rqkch.fJ; N?;N tk;s/, ]{B dh BkVh ftu Nhekbrk e/, e[M fwzNK pknd n?e;-o/ bJ/iKd/ jB. fJ; N?;N Bkb, r[ofdnK d/ezw eoB dh ;woZEk ns/ gEoh ekoBj'Jh o[ektN dk gsk brkfJnk iKdk j?.tZv/ d/ w[ekpb/ S'N/ nkeko dh gEohf}nkdk sebhc fdzdh j? feT[Ife tZvh,nkw eoe/ fJe jh irQk #s/ c;h ofjzdhj? id fe S'Nh gEoh, fgFkp d/ tjk Bkbj/mK ~ nkT[Idh j'Jh, o;s/ ftu fgFkp-BkbhnK d/ nzdo }]w eo fdzdh j? ns/dod dk ekoB pDdh j?. fJBQK }]wKeoe/ jh fgFkp ftu ]{B d/ ;?b nkT[Id/jB. tZvhnK gEohnK f}nkdk d/o c;hnKofjD sK fJj r[ofdnK ~ ]okp eofdzdhnK jB ns/ fJbki Bk eotkfJnkikt/ sK r[odk yokp j' ikD #s/, fJ; ~eYtkT[Dk g?Idk j?.

gEoh dh nukBe dod bJh BkbhnK~ y'bQD tk;s/ dtkJhnK, Nhe/ iK r'bh$e?g;{b d/ o{g ftu fdshnK iKdhnK jB.Bkb jh gkDh ns/ ghD tkb/ j'o gdkoEtX/o/ wksok ftu b?D dh ;bkj fdshiKdh j? sK fe i/ gEoh S'Nh j't/ sK fJjy[d jh o[VQ e/ pkjo fBeb nkt/. tZv/nkeko dhnK gEohnK ~ fbE'fNqg;h iK$ns/Ugo/FB Bkb eZYDk g?Idk j?. fbE'fNqg;hftu tZvhnK gEohnK ~ feoBK d[nkok

s'V e/, S'N/-S'N/ N[eV/ eo bJ/ iKd/ jBi' cbfFzr eoe/ pkjo eZY fds/ iKd/jB, Ugo/FB eoB dh }o{os BjhI g?Idh.go rohpK s/ wZX tor d/ b'eK d/fj;kp Bkb fJj wfjzrk sohek j?.

eJh tko r[od/ ftu ns/ fJ; d/B/V/ tkbhnK fgFkp BkbhnK ftu eJh-eJhgEohnK j[zdhnK jB, fJBQK ~ eZYD dkgZek sohek sK Ugo/FB jh j[zdk j?.gEoh ~ (fbE'fNqg;h iK Ugo/FB Bkb)eYtk e/ fJ; dh o;kfJDe iKu }o{oeotk b?Dh ukjhdh j?. fJ; iKu BkbfJ; d/ pDB d/ ekoBK dk gsk brdkj? ns/ nZr'I G'iB ftu iK e'Jh j'ogqj/} ehs/ ik ;ed/ jB.

gEoh d/ o'rhnK ~ ekch f}nkdkwksok ftu gkDh ghDk ukjhdk j? ]k;eoe/ rowhnK ftu, sK fe g{o/ f;;Nwdh cbZfFzr j[zdh oj/. NwkNo, oki-wKj,wKj, j'o fSbe/ tkbhnK dkbK, e?bFhnwns/ w/Eh s'I gqj/} eoBk ukjhdk j?.f;;N'B torhnK dtkJhnK, gEoh ~ d[pkokpDB s'I o'edhnK jB.

75 gqfsFs s'I 85 gqfsFs gEohnKe?bFhnw Bkb pDdhnK jB, fJBQK ftue?bFhnw nkr}kb/N ns/ e?bFhnwck;c/N j[zdk j?. 15 gqfsFs ~ fNqgb;N'B gEohnK efjzd/ jB i' w?rBhFhnw,nw'Bhnw ns/ ck;c/N Bkb pDdhnKjB. seohpB 6 gqfsFs :{foe J/f;vns/ fJe s'I d' gqfsFs f;;NhB BkbgEohnK pDdhnK jB. e?bFhnw dhnKgEohnK d/ o'rhnK d/ ]{B ftu e?bFhnwdh wksok ;kXkoB (9 s'I 11 fwbhrqkwgqfsFs) Bkb'I tZX j[zdh j?. fJj tZXe?bFhnw ]{B s'I fgFkp BkbhnK ftu nke/ gEoh pDkT[Idk j?.

(b/ye gq'c?;o s/ w[yh g?Ekb'ih ftGkr, ;oekoh

w?vheb ekbi, gfNnkbk j?.)

f;jsf;jsf;jsf;jsf;js

r[od/ dhnK gEohnKr[od/ dhnK gEohnKr[od/ dhnK gEohnKr[od/ dhnK gEohnKr[od/ dhnK gEohnK

vkH wBihs f;zx pZbvkH wBihs f;zx pZbvkH wBihs f;zx pZbvkH wBihs f;zx pZbvkH wBihs f;zx pZb

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