DAILY NEWS DIARY 04.06.2020 DAILY NEWS DIARY 31.07

DAILY NEWS DIARY 04.06.2020 DAILY NEWS DIARY 31.07.2020

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DAILY NEWS DIARY of

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Dear Student,

Warm Greetings.

DnD aims to provide every day news analysis in

sync with the UPSC pattern.

It is targeted at UPSC – Prelims & Mains.

Daily articles are provided in the form of

Question and Answers

To have a bank of mains questions.

And interesting to read.

Providing precise information that can

be carried straight to the exam, rather

than over dumping.

Enjoy reading.

THE HINDU - TH

INDIAN EXPRESS - IE

BUSINESS LINE - BL

ECONOMIC TIMES - ET

TIMES OF INDIA - TOI

INDEX

Essay Paper

Editorial

1. The purpose and implementation scheme of the New Education Policy, 2020..………..…………………………………………….03

GS 2

Polity

1. Critically analyse the New Education Policy, 2020…………….…05

Snippets

GS 2

International Relations

1. China & the disputed South China Sea………………………………...07

2. The Gandhi-King Scholarly Exchange Initiative Act…………….…08

Environment

3. 5 pointer Critic of the EIA Draft…………………………………………...09

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Essay Paper Editorial

Q – Discuss the purpose and implementation scheme of the

New Education Policy, 2020?

INTRO = An NEP is a comprehensive framework to guide the

development of education in the country. The need for a policy

was first felt in 1964 when Congress MP Siddheshwar Prasad

criticised the then government for lacking a vision and

philosophy for education. The same year, a 17-member

Education Commission, headed by then UGC Chairperson D S

Kothari, was constituted to draft a national and coordinated

policy on education. Based on the suggestions of this

Commission, Parliament passed the first education policy in

1968.

A new NEP usually comes along every few decades. India has had

three to date. The first came in 1968 and the second in 1986,

under Indira Gandhi and Rajiv Gandhi respectively; the NEP of

1986 was revised in 1992 when P V Narasimha Rao was Prime

Minister. The third is the NEP released Wednesday under the

Prime Ministership of Narendra Modi.

The NEP proposes sweeping changes such as –

The above reforms will be IMPLEMENTED as follows –

The NEP only provides a broad direction and is not mandatory to follow.

Since education is a concurrent subject (both the Centre and the state

governments can make laws on it), the reforms proposed can only be

implemented collaboratively by the Centre and the states.

This will not happen immediately. The incumbent government has set a

target of 2040 to implement the entire policy. Sufficient funding is also

crucial; the 1968 NEP was hamstrung by a shortage of funds.

The government plans to set up subject-wise committees with members

from relevant ministries at both the central and state levels to develop

implementation plans for each aspect of the NEP.

The plans will list out actions to be taken by multiple bodies, including

the HRD Ministry, state Education Departments, school Boards, NCERT,

Central Advisory Board of Education and National Testing Agency,

among others. Planning will be followed by a yearly joint review of

progress against targets set.

Explanation of the implementation through a few key takeaways of the

NEP, 2020 –

1) Opening up higher education to foreign players - The document states

universities from among the top 100 in the world will be able to set up

campuses in India. While it doesn’t elaborate the parameters to define

the top 100, the incumbent government may use the ‘QS World

University Rankings’ as it has relied on these in the past while selecting

universities for the ‘Institute of Eminence’ status.

2) 4 year multi disciplinary bachelor programme - Under the four-year

programme proposed in the new NEP, students can exit after one year

with a certificate, after two years with a diploma, and after three years

with a bachelor’s degree.

3) Focus on multiple disciplines - The IITs are already moving in that

direction. IIT-Delhi has a humanities department and set up a public

policy department recently.

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https://indianexpress.com/about/indira-gandhi

https://indianexpress.com/about/rajiv-gandhi

https://indianexpress.com/about/narendra-modi



IIT-Kharagpur has a School of Medical Science and

Technology. Some of the best universities in the US such as MIT

have very strong humanities departments. Take the case of a civil

engineer. Knowing how to build a dam is not going to solve a

problem. He needs to know the environmental and social impact

of building the dam and etc.

GS 2

Polity

Q – Critically analyse the New Education Policy, 2020 providing

accurate evidences?

BACKGROUND = The challenge of revising the 1986 policy was to

ensure “aspiration is matched by implementation”. And though

the people of India “welcomed” the New Education Policy (NEP)

2020, also questioned the government for not bringing it before

Parliament first for discussion.

1) For instance, the goal of 6% of the GDP to be spent on education,

that was part of the NEP 2020, was first articulated in 1948. In the

six years the education budget had reduced, he said, questioning

how it will reach 6%.

2) He also said the goal of 50% gross enrolment ratio in higher

education and 100% in secondary school education, while

“laudable”, could be tough since it was currently 25.8% in higher

education & 68% in Class 9.

3) The NEP should have offered more tangible and realisable targets

for research. Total investment on research and innovation in India

declined from 0.84% of GDP in 2008 to 0.6% in 2018. There are

currently only 15 researchers in India per 100,000 of population,

compared with 111 in China.

4) The NEP 2020 had also left many unanswered questions on the

upgrade of school infrastructure and shortage of qualified and

trained teachers.

5) While placing the burden of pre-primary education on the

overstretched, under-funded and under-equipped anganwadis was

disastrous.

6) The policy brought with it a fundamental change in the system

towards creating education markets and away from ensuring

universalisation of education through government schools, and

denying quality education to the disadvantaged sections of society.

Over all, the NEP showcases a strong tendency towards privatisation,

commercialisation and over centralisation. The result will be higher

fees, attacks on autonomy of universities and no permanent jobs in

teaching.

The only redeeming feature of the policy was extension of Right to

Education, which currently was only till 14 years of age, to 18 years,

and universalising pre-primary education. Though the success of this

was extremely doubtful, considering the characteristic changes those

were brought in the system.

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Snippets

GS 2


China & the disputed South China Sea

Beijing recently conducted “high-intensity” naval exercises in the

South China Sea, as tensions grow over the Asian power’s

manoeuvres in the contested waters.

Chinese H-6G and H-6J jet bombers carried out “high-intensity

training, and completed day-and-night training exercises in taking off

and landing, long-range assault, and attacks on sea targets.

China — which is locked in disputes with neighbours including India,

Japan and Vietnam over islands in the South China Sea — has

infuriated other nations by building artificial islands with military

installations in parts of the sea.

The region is believed to have valuable oil and gas deposits.

Australia has also rejected Beijing’s territorial and maritime claims in

the sea, saying there was “no legal basis” to several of China’s

claims.

Washington declared earlier this month that Beijing’s claims to most

of the sea are illegal, ramping up support for Southeast Asian nations

with claims to parts of it.


The Gandhi-King Scholarly Exchange Initiative Act

A Bill authored by American civil rights leader and lawmaker John

Lewis, which seeks to establish an exchange programme between

India and the U.S. to study the work and legacies of Mahatma

Gandhi and civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr., passed an

important committee in the U.S. House of Representatives.

The bill will establish annual scholar and student exchange

programmes for Indians and Americans to study the leaders’

legacies and visit historic sites in India and the U.S., relevant to the

India’s freedom struggle and the U.S.’s civil rights movement.

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As the world’s oldest and largest democracies, the U.S. and India

have long traditions of upholding these shared values championed

by figures like Gandhi, King, and Congressman Lewis. But they are

increasingly under threat in both countries. This legislation will help

ensure those values endure and remind us that by holding true to

them, we embody and live up to the best of our two nations

The Bill also seeks to establish the Gandhi-King Global Academy, a

conflict resolution initiative based on the principles of non-

violence.

It proposes the establishment of the U.S.-India Gandhi-King

Development Foundation set up by the U.S. Agency for

International Development (USAID) and the government of India,

organised under Indian law. The Foundation, which has a proposed

budget authorised of up to $30 million per year for five years

through 2025, is tasked with administering grants to NGOs that

work in health, pollution and climate change, education and

empowerment of women.

The Bill was inspired by Mr. Lewis’s visit to India in 2009 to

commemorate the 50th anniversary of Dr. King’s visit to India. Just

like Gandhi and Dr. King, Congressman Lewis shaped the world

through his actions of non-violence, and his life story will

reverberate throughout history. The Gandhi-King Scholarly

Exchange Initiative Act is a fitting tribute to his incredible legacy.

Environment

5 pointer Critic of the EIA Draft

Parliamentary panel to discuss draft EIA and its 5 pointer loopholes

–

a) The draft allowed post-facto approvals which go against the very

principle of assessment and public participation prior to

environmental clearance, and has provisions that will routinely

legitimise illegality.

b) Second, the notification reduces public participation in all steps of

the environment clearance process, lessening the notice period

for public hearing and doing away with them for a large category

of projects.

c) Third, it does away with the environmental impact assessment

altogether in many cases of expansion.

d) Fourth, it increases the validity of environment clearances

allowing projects to “secure” land for long durations even when

they are not constructed.

e) And finally it gives the Union government full powers to appoint

State environmental impact assessment authorities.

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How about this today!?

U.S. economy shrank at a dizzying 33% annual rate in the

April-June quarter, sending the unemployment rate

surging to?

a. 34.1% b. 14.7%

c. 28% d. 44.1%

Hey from yesterday….

The recently in news stolen Indian sculpture - Natesa, a rare sandstone idol in the 9th century of Rajasthan was brought back to India through the ‘India Pride Project’, and belonged to the ___________ of architecture? a. Rajputana Style

b. Prathihara Style

c. Thaneshwar Style

d. Pala Style

Answer: b

NOTE: The sandstone Natesa figure stands tall at almost 4 ft. in a rare

and brilliant depiction of Shiva in the late 9th century Prathihara style of

Rajasthan. A beautiful depiction of Nandi is shown behind the right leg

of the Natesa icon.

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DAILY NEWS DIARY 04.06.2020 DAILY NEWS DIARY 31.07

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