Controlling by Hr

8/2/2019 Controlling by Hr

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CONTROLLING

HR


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Controlling

Is the use of formal authority to assureachievement of goals and objectives

Performance is measured against pre

determined standards

Action is taken to correct discrepanciesbetween this standards and actual

performance


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Functions

Serves both as means and an end

Promotes effective use of resources

Provides professional reinforcements

Maintains activity and expectations


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Principles

Critical few

Fewer people involved in control brings aboutbest results

Point of ControlCentralization or decentralization of authority

Self Control or Discipline

Translates to personal acceptance ofresponsibility and accountability


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Kinds of Formal Control

Pre action Control

Controlling by means of personal supervision andutilizing control checks

Consist of procedures for any given task orfunction

Post action Control

Controlling as the task or function is beingperformed or may have been performed

Correcting deviations from standards or plans


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Types of Control

Feed forward Control

Focuses on operations before they begin

Prevent anticipated problems

Example: preparing all supplies and equipmentsfor IV insertion, Lumbar tap, safety systems,training programs and budgets

Concurrent Control Apply to processes as they are happening;

enacted while work is being performed

Examples: material/supplies for therapeutic care


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Types of Control

Feedback Controls

Focuses on the result of the operations

Guide future planning, inputs, and process

designs Examples: timely reports (weekly, monthly,

quarterly, annual)


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Characteristics of EffectiveControl

Control system must be designedappropriately to be effective

Control standards should be flexible andrealistic

Control systems must prevent, not cause theproblem they were designed to detect


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Steps in Control Process

Control Process


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1. Establish and Specify Criteria

and Performance Standards

A. Standards

Standard is any guideline establish as the basisfor measurement

Created when objectives are set during theplanning process

Precise, explicit statement of EXPECTED resultsfrom a product, service, machine, individual or

organizational unit

Expressed numerically and is set for quality,quantity and time


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Development of Standards

Types of Standards

Structure Standards

Focus on the structure or management system used by

an agency to organize and deliver nursing care Including the number and categories of nursing personnel

who provide care

Example: TL is responsible for no more than 20 patients,

with fewer than 3 TM to provide careProcess Standards

Refer to actual nursing care procedures or activitiesengaged in by nurses to administer care


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Development of Standards

Outcome Standards

Standards that are designed for measuring the resultsof nursing care

Conflict Management, Budgeting, Discipline


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B. Resource Controls

Time controls relate to DEADLINES and TIMECONSTRAINTS

Material controls relate to INVENTORY andMATERIAL; yield controls

Equipment controls are built into the machinery

Cost control help ensure COST STANDARDS aremet

Employee performance controls focus on ACTIONSand BEHAVIORS of individuals and groups ofemployees

Bud et control cost or ex ense related standards.


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C. Financial Controls

Facilitate achieving the organizations PROFIT

motive

One method of financial control is BUDGETING They become control tools by pointing out

deviations between the standard and actualconsumption

D. Operations Control

Assess how efficiently and effectively anorganizations transformation processes create

goods and services


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E. Statistical Process Control

Use of statistics or mathematical methods andprocedures to determine whether production

operations are being performed correctly To detect any deviations and to find and eliminate

their causes

A control chart displays the results of

measurements over time and provides a visualmeans of determining whether a specific processis staying within predefined limits


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The Just-in-Time (JIT) System

The JIT system is the timely application ofmedications for the illness of a patient, and

purchased materials just in time to betransformed into parts

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2. Monitor and Measure Performance of Nursing CareServices and Evaluate it against the Standards throughrecords, Reports and Observations

Nursing Rounds

Pay particular attention to issues of patient careand nursing practice

Satisfy needs and problems met or unmet Quality Assurance

Monitors compliance with established standards

Nursing AuditConsists of documentation of the quality of nursing

care in relation to the standards established by thenursing department

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2. Monitor and Measure Performance of Nursing CareServices and Evaluate it against the Standards throughrecords, Reports and Observations

Purpose of Nursing Audit

Prioritizes nursing care by promoting optimumnursing care

Identify deficiencies in the organization andadministration of nursing care

Used to increase performance to assure thatimprovements have been maintained

3 Compare Performance with Standards


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3. Compare Performance with Standards,Models, or Criteria to Determine Deviations orDifferences

Program Evaluation and Review Technique(PERT)

Employs a matrix that uses network of activities

presented in a chart, including the goals orproduct desired, time management, budget andestimation

Benchmarking

Seeks out the best so as to improve itsperformance

Provides standard or point of reference in

measuring or judging quality, values and cost


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4. Enact Remedial Measures or Steps to Correctdeviations or errors

Correction of deviations and errors

Master Control Plan

Take necessary action


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Management Control Strategies

Market Control

Budgets and rules

Bureaucratic control

Self Control

Clan Control


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Performance Appraisal Tools

Trait Rating Scale

Rating a person against the set standard

JD, desired behavior and personal trait

Job Dimension Scales Job requirements and quality work performance

Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scale (BARS)

desired behaviors to improve performance Checklist

Composed of behavioral statements that representdesirable behavior


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Performance Appraisal Tools

Peer Review

It is a collegial evaluation of the performancedone to promote excellence in the practice and

offer information, support, guidance, criticism anddirection to one another

Self Appraisal

Allows employee to evaluate his own

performance


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Errors in Appraisal

Halo Effect

Tendency to overrate staff based on the raters first

impression of the ratee

Based on the good traits or good things one sees ina person

Logical Error

Based on first impressions of the rater to the ratee

Central Tendency Error

Rate the staff as AVERAGE. Used by the rater whenfeedback tools are inadequate


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Errors in Appraisal

Leniency Error

Propensity to overlook the weaknesses andmistakes of the person being evaluated leading to

an inaccurate picture of the job performance Hawthorne Effect

Behavior of the ratee changes simply because heis observed by the rater

Horns Effect

Occurs when rating an employee very lowbecause of an error committed

Controlling by Hr

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