Wa and Desu

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Noun 1 wa Noun 2 desu

• Wa is a topic marker

• Desu is equivalent to “is” in English

• Provides comment or information to what is being talked about


Examples

• Harada-san wa dono hito desu ka?

• T w/c person

• (Which person is Mr. Harada?

• Harada san wa ano hito desu.

• Mr. Harada is that person over there.


• Kono hoteru wa saabisu ga ii • (this) (hotel) T (service) C (good)

• desu• (The service in this hotel is good.)• Zoo wa hana ga nagai desu• (elephant) T (trunk) C (long)• Shibata san wa nihonjin desu• T (Japanese)• Ana san wa gakusei desu• T (student)


Formal Negation of Desu

• Desu (is) – ja arimasen (isn’t)

• dewa arimasen

• (present) – (negative present)

• Deshita – ja arimasen deshita

• dewa arimasen deshita

• Was - wasn’t

• (past) - (negative past)


Informal Negation of Desu

• Desu (is) – ja nai (isn’t)

• (present) – (negative present)

• Deshita – ja nai deshita

• Was - wasn’t

• (past) - (negative past)


Example• Ana san wa Fuiripinjin desu.

• Ana san is a Filipino

• Ana san wa Nihonjin ja arimasen

• Ana san is not a Japanese

• Misaki san wa gakusei deshita.

• Misaki san was a student.

• Misaki san wa sensei ja arimasen deshita

• Misaki san was not a teacher.


Renshu shimashoo

• Make your own sentences using wa, desu, ja arimasen, and ja arimasen deshita.


Demonstrative PronounsKore, Sore, Are, and Dore

• Kore – referring to something near the speaker

• Sore – referring to something near to the hearer but far from the speaker

• Are – far from speaker and hearer


Example (rei)

• (a book is near to A but far from B)

• A: Kore wa nan desu ka?

• What is this?

• B: Sore wa hon desu.

• It’s a book./That is a book


• (a newspaper is far from A but near B)

• A: Sore wa nan desu ka?

• What is that?

• B: Kore wa shinbun desu.

• This is a newspaper

• (a textbook is far from A and B)

• A: Are wa nan desu ka?

• What is that over there?

• B: Are wa kyookasho desu.

• That is a textbook.


Dore (which one?)• In answering question with dore, use

kore, sore, or are• A: shirigakka wa dore desu ka?• Which one is the department of

Psychology?• B: Are desu• That one over there.• A: Kyookasho wa dore desu ka?• Which one is the textbook?• B: Kore desu• This one.


Kore, sore, are, and dore change to kono, sono, ano, and dono

repectively before the noun they modify

• Do no say: Kore hon

• Say: Kono hon


Example (Rei)

• A: Sore wa nan desu ka?

• What is that?

• B: Dore desu ka?

• Which one?

• A: Sono hon desu

• That book

• B: Kore wa kyokasho desu


• I.

• A: Ano hito wa dare desu ka?

• Who is that man over there?

• B: Are wa Ruin san desu

• That is Mr. Lwin

• II.

• A: Arisu san wa dono gakusei desu ka?

• Which student is Alice san?

• B: Ano gakisei desu.

• That student over there.


Directional Nouns

• Kochira – this way

• Sochira – that way

• Achira – direction toward that way over there

• Dochira – which way, which one

• These are also considered as counterpart of kore, sore, are, and dore (politely)


Example• Kochira wa Ruin san desu

• This is Mr. Lwin

• Achira wa Arisu san desu

• That is Alice san

• Dochira e ikimasu ka?

• Where are you going

• Ashita mo kochira e kimasu.

• I’ll come here tomorrow, too


Locative nouns

• Koko – this place (here)

• Soko – that place (there)

• Asoko - that place over there

• Doko – which place (where)


Renshu

• What would you say in Japanese when you want to describe:

• 1. the place you are is cool (in temperature)

• 2. you find a newspaper over there and want to point it out to your friend


• 3. you are standing next to the house and want to describe it as being new

• 4. you are looking at a book and want to describe it as being old

• 5. you are introducing a respectable person to another

• 6. you want to tell that this is the way to go to an old person

• 7.you want to tell another that the building is over there

• 8. this is a quiet place


Renshu shimasho

• Make a skit applying demonstrative pronouns and its polite form.

• Make a skit using directional nouns and Locative noun

Wa and Desu

Documents

Transcript of Wa and Desu