qkd .ekSu yd md,kh · 2018-06-05 · wU$mefmd,a iy wkakdis j.djkag je,f|k frda. yd m
Transcript of qkd .ekSu yd md,kh · 2018-06-05 · wU$mefmd,a iy wkakdis j.djkag je,f|k frda. yd m
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wU$mefmd,a iy wkakdis j.djkag je,f|k frda. yd m
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mefmd,a j.dfõ frda. yd frda. md,kh
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mefmd,a uqÿ mq,a,s ffjria frda.h frda. ,laIK
- ,mgs m;%j, ly meye;s me,a,ï we;sjS miqj m;% jsps;%hla njg m;afjhs
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• m;% re,s jegS m;% m
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• m;% kgqj, f;; mq,a,s we;sjSu
• frda.S m;% wld,fha ye,shdu
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• wjidkfhaoS mefmd,a f.vs u; o j,hdldr mq,a,s oelsh yelsh
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me;srSu
• l=vs;a;ka u.ska fukau WmlrK u.skao me;sf¾
• nSc u.ska me;srS fkdhhs
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frda. md,kh
• j.dj ksr;=rej mrSlaId lsrSu yd frda.S .ia .,jd mq¿iaid oeuSu
• l=vs;a;ka iqÿ ueiaika jeks i;=;a md,kh lsrSu
• mrsk; .ia j, frda. ,laIK we;sjS ;sfíkï ksis f,i fmdfydr fhdod yels;dla ÿrg wiajekak ,nd.kak
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l¿ mq,a,s frda.h Black leaf spots frda. ldrlhd Asperisporium caricae
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ÿUqre mq,a,s frda.h chocolate leaf spots frda. ldrlhd Corynespora cassiicola
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Asperisporium caricae Corynespora cassiicola
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m;% mq,a,s frda. md,kh • j.dj yd fCIa;%h msrsis¥j ;nd .ekSu • ksrAfoaYs; fmdfydr yd j.d mr;r mj;ajd
.ekSu • frda.h W.% kï os,Sr kdYl Ndú;h
laf,dfrd;ef,dks,a 500g/l SC 30ml/10l
uekafldfinz 80% WP 20g/10l
uefkanz 80% WP 20g/10l
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mduq, l=Kqùu
frda. ldrlhka (Phytophthora spp / Phythium spp)
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frda. md,kh
• j.dj ia:dms; lsrSfïoS ksjeros ldkq moao;shla ieliSu
• mduq, ;=jd, jQ ia:dkh u; os,Sr kdYlhla wdf,am lsrSu
• mdxY= os,Sr kdYlhlska wjg mi f;uSu
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Fungicide Dilution
uefkanz 80% WP 20g/10l
uekafldfinz 80% WP 20g/10l
fldmrA 50% WP 40g/10l
;fhda*fkagz uS;hs,a l 6g/10l
laf,dfrd;ef,dks,a 500g/l SC 30ml/10l
uekafldfinz 64% + fug,elais,a 8% WP 25g/10l
os,Sr kdYlhl m%;sldr lsrSu
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mefmd,a f.ä j,g je,fok frda.
• weka;%elafkdaia frda.h
• *hsfgdmaf;rd f.ä l+Kq ùu
• *shqidrshï frda.h
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f.ä l=Kqùu
fuu frda.h
mhsfgdmaf;rd mdñfjdard
os,Srh u.ska we;s lrhs
frda. ,CIK
• m,;=re u; iq¥ meye;s os,Sr cd,hla olakg ,efí’
• b¥Kq m,;=re jeämqr md;S%fõ’
frda. md,kh
• frda.hg md;S%jQ f.ä ¥gq úg bj;a lr úkdY lsrSu
• ixia:dksl fkdjk os,SrkdYlhla biSu- uekafldfií
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*shqidßhï frda.h
*shqidrshqï fid,kdhs
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weka;%elafkdaia frda.h
fldf,fgdá%lï .a,sfhdiafmdfrdhsâia
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frda. md,kh
• frda.S f.vs lvd bj;a lsrSu
• frda.h W.% kï iqÿiq os,Sr kdYlhlska m%;sldr lsrSu
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Fungicide Dilution
uefkanz 80% WP 20g/10l
uekafldfinz 80% WP 20g/10l
;fhda*fkagz uS;hs,a l 6g/10l
laf,dfrd;ef,dks,a 500g/l SC 30ml/10l
uekafldfinz 64% + fug,elais,a 8% WP
25g/10l
os,Sr kdYlhl m%;sldr lsrSu
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*hsfgdma,diaud
frda. md,kh( frda.hg md;%s fldgi lmd bj;a lr mq Ωiaid oukak’
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fndafrdaka W!K;djh
• fn`fr`ka W!K;d ,laIK fmkajkafka kuz fn`/laia .%Euz 5 la .ilg fhdokak’
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mefmd,a j.dfõ m
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mefmd,a msgs ul=Kd (Paracoccus marginatus)
jHdma;sh 2008 niakdysr m,d;
.usmy$ fld
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• m;%fha hgs me;a;’ kgqj yd f.vs u; talrdYs fjs
• iqyqUq,a .eyekq i;d ,d ly meye;sh
• Yrsrh iqoq meye;s bgs Y%djhlska jeis we;
• Yrsr odrh jgd bgs iys; flos j,ska jgjs we;
• .eyeKq i;=kaf.a mq,qkajeks fldaI ;=, ns;a;r rojd we;
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• jHdma;sh - iqk bgs iys; wdjrkh
• ydks jQ fldgia u.ska jHdma;sh
m,sfndaO kdYl wjYH;dj iajNdjsl i;=rka @@
ridhkslhkag m%;sfrdaOs;dj
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ydksh
• hqI Wrdîu ksid Ydlfha jO_kh oqj_, fjs
• m;% u; ;eusm;ajk nysiai%djsh ojH u; l,q mqia
jO_kh fjs
• jsI ojH ksid m;% weUrs jslD;sjs hhs
jI_d wOsl ld,.=KfhaoS jHdma;sh wvqfjs
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md,kh
• jdylhka md,kh osôhka$ l=yqUqjka laf,dfrdmhsßfmdia
• iajNdúl i;=rka mrfmdaIs; fonreka$ul=¿jka$bì
l=reñKshka$jsf,damSh ul=Kka
• .us fgsma .%sia ;ejre fmd,s;ska l`o jgd t;su
• iajNdjsl neoao b;srs lsrsu
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md,kh
•ydksjq ydl fldgia ms,siaisu’
•j.d N+ush msrsisoqj ;nd .eksu
•fjs.j;a c, myrla fhdod fiaosu
•inka l=vq ¤ N+usf;,a ¤ c,h
•ridhksl md,kh
-busfvlaf,dm%svs – wevsuhrA
- weisgeusm%svs - fudiams,dka
- ;fhdfuf;laidka - welagdrd
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කකොරක ොතු කෘමීන් • ප ොත්පත් ඇති යුෂ උරා බී විෂ සහිත ද්රාවනයක් පිට කිරීපෙන් පෙය සිදුපේ’
• පේ කෘමියාපේ හානිය සිදුවන්පන් පෙඩි වලටය.
• පෙඩි ෙත රවුේ දුඹුරු ැහැති පකොරප ොතු වැනි කෘමි ඝනාවාස තිපෙනු දක්නට ලැපේ.
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මයිටාවන්
• පෙොපහෝ විට දක්නට ඇත්පත් බීජ ැල වලය.
• පෙහිදී ත්ර යටි අතට නැමී හැකිලී කහ ැහැයක් ෙනී.
• ආසාදනය වූ ත්ර යට ැත්පත් නාරටි දිපේ ෙයිටාවන්
දැක ෙත හැක.
ාලනය
නිර්පේශිත පෙන්දෙේ මිශ්රණය ත්ර යටි අතට ඉසීෙ
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wkakdis j.dfõ frda. yd frda. md,kh
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wkakdis ue,ùfï ffjria frda.h
msául=Kd (Mealybug) u.ska me;sfrA
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md,kh
• kSfrda.S frdamK øjH Ndú;h
• frdamK øjH m%;sldr lsrSu
my< m;% bj;a lsrSu
A Acetamiprid 20% SP 10g/l fy` Profenopos 50% fy` Prothiophos 50% 50 ml/l ødjKhl usks;a;= 5la .s,ajd ;enSu
-rsfvdus,a 20g/10l j, usks;a;= 5la .s,ajd ;enSu
-miqj fudfrhshka osk 2-3 fijk ia:dkhl hgsl=rej ;nd isgqjSu
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wkakdis j.dfõ m
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msgs ul=Kd Dysmicocus brevipes
lrvqfjs m;% mduq,$ f.vs u; csj;a fj’ ydksh
hqI Wrdnsu
ue,jsfus ffjria frda. jdylhd
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md,kh
• ksfrda.s frdamk ojH Ndjs;h
• frdamk ojHhkag lDuskdYl fhosu
^weisgeusm%svs$fm%d;sfhdafmdia&
• frdamk ojHhkag WKqj;=r m%;sldrh
^750C - 800C c,fha jskdvs 04&
• j,a uO_kh
• l=yqUqjka md,kh
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wU j.dfõ frda. yd frda. md,kh
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weka;%elafkdaia frda.h
• frda. ldrlh-
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
• frda. ,laIK
- m;% j, l¿ \qUqre meye;s ,m we;sfjhs
- u,a l¿ meye jS ushhhs
- wU f.vs u;o frda.S ,m we;s fjhs
- frda.h oreKq wjia:dfõoS rsls,s fl,jr isg ushhdu isÿ fjhs
- fuu wjia:dfõoS we;sjk wU lSvEjdf.a ydksh ksid frda.S ;;ajh jvd;a ;Sj% fjhs
- fk,d.;aa wU f.ä l%ufhka boSug mgka .kakd wjia:dfõos frda. ,laIK u;=fõ
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frda. md,kh
• .i ;=,g fydoska ysre t,sh jegSu ioyd wkjYH w;+ lmamdÿj
• lmamdÿfjka miq o¿ tk wjia:dfõoS yd u,a wjia:dfõoS yd l=vd f.vs wjia:dfõoS uekafldfií 80wp - 20g la P,h ,Sgr 10l fyda ldfnkavisï 50wp os,Sr kdIlh 7g la P,h ,Sgr 10l oshlr fhdokak
• fk,d.;a wU blaukska bojd .kak
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wU msámqia frda.h (Oidium mangiferae)
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wU bygsh l+Kq jSu
frda. ldrlhka - Lasiodiploia theobromea- Colletotrichum gloeosporioides - Phomopsis mangifera - Pestolotiopsis mangiferae
frda. ,laIK f.vs bosug mgka .kakd
jsg f.vsfha kgqj
wdikak m%oaYfha \qUqre
meye;s me,a,ï yg .kSX
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frda. md,kh
• lmamdÿfjka miq o¿ tk wjia:dfõoS yd u,a wjia:dfõoS yd l+vd f.vs wjia:dfjzoS uekafldfií 80wp - 20g la P,h ,Sgr 10l fyda ldfnkavisï 50wp os,SrkdIlh 7g la P,h ,Sgr 10l oshlr fhdokak
• fudard ke;s f.vs fk,d .eksfuka j,lskak
• fk,d .kakd jsg lsrs j,ska jk ydksh wju jk fia fk,d .kak
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we,a.S fya;+fjka we;sjk m;% mq,a,s frda.
• frda. ldrlh Red rust Cephaleuros virescens • frda. ,laIK
m;% u; iqÿ w¿
meye;s mq,a,s we;s
fjhs
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ialeí frda.h • frda. ldrlh
Elsinoe mangifera • frda. ,laIK
wU f.ä u; ÿUqre meye
me,a,ï we;sjk w;r wU
f.äh mqmqrd we;s iajNdjhla
fmkajhs
frda. md,kh
lmamdÿfjka miq o¿ tk wjia:dfõoS yd u,a wjia:dfõoS yd l+vd f.vs wjia:dfõoS uekafldfií 80wp - 20g la P,h ,Sgr 10l fyda ldfnkavisï 50wp os,SrkdIlh 7g la P,h ,Sgr 10l oshlr fhdokak
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nelagSrshd fya;+fjka we;sjk m;% mq,a,s frda.h
• frda. ldrlh
Xanthomonas campestris
• frda. ,laIK
m;% u;
fldaKdldr
by,g tijqk l¿
meye mq,a,s we;sfjzX
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wU j.dfõ m
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m,;=re ueiaid
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m,;=re ueiaid
• Odrl Ydl
- me`.sß - flfi,a - fmhdrAia - wU
- rUqgka - w,sfmar
- fmar
Male
Female
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csjk pl%h – osk 14 -21
Eggs 2-3 days inside the fruit
Male
Female
osk 7
ì;a;r
osk 1 -3
lsghd
udi 3 -4
ms,jd
iqyqUq,d
osk 7 -10
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ydksh
• jO_kh jk f.ä úslD;s úu
• fkdfïrE f.äs jeáu
• oaú;shsl wdidok we;súu
• wdidos; M,j, lsghka isáu
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m,;=re ueiaid md,kfha .eg¿
• is>% jO_k fõ.h
• wël Odrl mrdih
• oqr mshdôfï yelshdj
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md,kh
- .ia hg jegqkq m,;=re úkdY lsrSu ^l,q fmd,s;ska& - j.dj msrsisÿj ;nd.eksu
- .ia hg mia fmr,Su
- kshñ; m%udKhg fïre M, fk,su
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M, wdjrKh
• fmd,s;ska
• >k lvodis
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fm%daàka weu
u,a wdrïNù - udi 1 isg wiajkq fk,su olajd - i;shlg jrla - tla ia:dkhlg ñ,s 400 - fyla 01lg ia:dk 100
fm%dagska weu us,s 400 ¤ iamsfkdaiEvs us,s 20 ,sgra 16 c,h
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ñ;hs,a bhqcsfkda,a W.=, - merd fmrfudak
fyla 01 - W.=,a 12
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wU m;% lSvEjd
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ydksh
• ns;a;r oeuSu i|yd u,a” wxl=r iy rsls,s jsoSu
• ,mgs m;%” u,a iys; rsls,sj,ska hqI Wrd nSu
• ydks jQ mgl u,a iy wxl=r uerS hhsX
• rssls,s l=re fjsX m;% jslD;s yd l=vd fjsX
• f.vs yg fkd.kS
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ydksh
• wOsl wdidok ;;aj j,oS wOsl f,i Y%djh lrk uOq j,ska u,a jefik ksid M, yg .ekSu j,lS
• m;% iy u,a oe,s mqia j,ska jeiS hhs
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md,kh
• .ig ukd ysre t,sh ,nd oSu - lmamdoqj u.ska
• w,q;ska o,q iy u,a tk jsg busvlaf,dams%vs us.,S 10 j;=r ,S 10 idkao%Khg osh lr fhoSu
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wU weg .=,a,d
fmÜá wU$ u,ajdk m%fNao j,g ydksh jevsh
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cSjk pl%h (35-54 days)
Adult Weevil
Oviposition on Marble size fruits
Larvae and pupae inside the
seed
Adult emerging from decaying
fruit
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ydksh
• msg;ska olakg ke;’ nSc j,g muKla ydks lrhs
• l,d;=rlska M, fïrSug fmr yef,a’
• f.vs lemqQjsg l Ω meye;s nysia>%djS µjH nScdjrKhg
wdikakj uofha olakg we;’
• nSc m;% wdydrhg .ekSu ksid nSc j, cSjH;djh
ke;sjS hhs
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md,kh
• .ia hg jegqkq wU f.vs yd nSc jskdY lsrSu
• iqyqUq,a .=,a,ka jskdY lsrSu^ fmd;af;a msmqrekq
ia:dk j, fyda mfia cSj;a fõ&
• u,a yg.ekSug fmr .fia l| m%foaYhg fyda l=vd
f.vs we;sjk wjia:dfõ n,fõ. biskhla u.ska
vhsuSf;dtÜ 40 EC^3ml/c,h ,S1& fhoSu
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m;% lmk .=,a,d
f;;a l,dmfha wU me, j,g ydksh wOslh’
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md,kh
• lemQ m;% tl;= lr mq Ωiaid oeuSu
• nsu fmr,Su
• o Ω yg.kakd ld,fhaoS lDuskdYl Ndjs;h
• vhsusf;dtaÜ 40 EC 4ml/c,h ,S 1& fhoSu
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m;% frda,a lrk .=,a,d ^iqregsgq idokakd&
• .eyekq i;d ,mgs wU m;%fha odrfha isg ueo kdrgsh olajd
lmd m;%fha lemqug my,ska iqregsgqjla f,i T;hsX
• th ;=, tla ns;a;rhla ne.ska ouhsX
md,kh - w;ska wyq,d jskdY lsrSu
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l|ka úosk mkqjd
iqyqUq,d - ,mgs o~q j, yd m;% kgq j, fmd;a; wdydrhg .ekSu ksid o~q yd m;% ue,jS hhs” lSghd - wdydr .ekSu ksid we;s jQ Wux ;ka;=uh nysia>%djS µjHhkaf.ka msrS we;’” lf|a jg m%udKh uqΩukskau ld oeuQ jsg jsYd, .ila jqjo ushhhs’
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md,kh
• uq,a wjOsfha lSghska l|g we;=,ajQ is\qr wdikakj isgsk nejska l| ydrd lSghska jskdY lsrSu
• ushhuska mj;sk w;= lmamd\q lr mhsrf;%dhsÙ jrA.fha lDuskdYlhla n,fõ. biskhl u.ska fyd|ska f;fuk fia biSu
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m;% lkskakd -Leaf miners
m;% u; iqoq$ oqUqre me,a,us me,a,us we;=,; ,d ly mkqfjls mkqjd fudark jsg m;%h fome;af;au me,a,us oelsh yelX ms,jd- frdai$r;= fldaIhl wOsl f,i ydks jQ jsg m;% uerS hhsX
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me, uelald - Red banded thrips (Selenothrips rubrocinctus)
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me, uelald - Red banded thrips
- wU m;% ms,siaiSu - m;% odr frda,a jSu - m;% odr $ m;% ;,h oqUqre
me,a,us we;s jSuX
- llaISh wxl=r .=Kkh jSu
- m;% u; l=vd l Ω ;s;a jsYd, m%udKhla ;snSuX
- m;% oqUqre jS ms,siaiS hduX
- me,h uerS hEuX
• md,kh
busvlaf,dams%vs fhoSu
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msá ul=Kd - Mealy bugs
md,kh
• frda.s fldgia bj;a lsrsu
• vhsfuf;dtags Ndjs;h
• iajNdjsl mrfmdaI;hka
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fldrfmd;= lDñka Scale Insect
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Scale insects
Phenacaspis cockerelli
Aulacaspis spp.
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r;= l=yqUska - Red Ant