Official statisticsOfficial statisticsfor public administrationfor public administration

in modern economy and information societyin modern economy and information society

Józef OleńskJózef Oleńskii

Lazarski UniversityLazarski University

Postgraduate studiesPostgraduate studiesMaster of Public AdministrationMaster of Public Administration

Warszawa, grudzień 2011Warszawa, grudzień 2011

   Projekt :Projekt :

„„Odpowiedź na wyzwania gospodarki Odpowiedź na wyzwania gospodarki opartej na wiedzy: nowy program opartej na wiedzy: nowy program nauczania na WSHiP”.nauczania na WSHiP”.

Projekt współfinansowany ze środków Unii Projekt współfinansowany ze środków Unii Europejskiej w ramach Europejskiego Europejskiej w ramach Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego.Funduszu Społecznego.

AgendaAgendaWhat MPA should know about official What MPA should know about official

statistics?statistics? Informartion infrastructure of modern economu Informartion infrastructure of modern economu Role of official statistics in the information Role of official statistics in the information

infrastructure of economyuinfrastructure of economyu Global system of official statisticsGlobal system of official statistics European Statistical System (ESS) of the European European Statistical System (ESS) of the European

Union Union Models of national statistical system in the EU countriesModels of national statistical system in the EU countries System of official statistics in Poland – mission, legal System of official statistics in Poland – mission, legal

foundations, organization, functioningfoundations, organization, functioning Cooperation of official statistics with other Cooperation of official statistics with other

infrastructural information systems of the stateinfrastructural information systems of the state Official statistics – information and analytical support Official statistics – information and analytical support

for public administrationfor public administration

„„Modern economyModern economy””and its information foundations and its information foundations

GlobalizationGlobalization InstitutionalizationInstitutionalization Infrastructuralization of development Infrastructuralization of development

rozwojurozwoju Metropolization Metropolization Autonomization of financial sector from Autonomization of financial sector from

real economyreal economy Information societyInformation society Knowledge-based economyKnowledge-based economy Active role of information sector Active role of information sector Decisive role of mass mediaDecisive role of mass media

GlobalizationGlobalization

Global markets and economic Global markets and economic sectorssectors

Global economic and social entitiesGlobal economic and social entities Fuzzy economic and social borders Fuzzy economic and social borders

of statesof states Global supranational institutional Global supranational institutional

regulations limiting souvereignity of regulations limiting souvereignity of statesstates

Decisions and activities of national Decisions and activities of national institutions and subject need global institutions and subject need global informationinformation

„„Institionalization”Institionalization”

Increase of importance of public sector of economyIncrease of importance of public sector of economy Deep institutional interventionism on: Deep institutional interventionism on:

• Global, regional, national, sectorial and local scaleGlobal, regional, national, sectorial and local scale „„Laws” – the tool of decision making and operative Laws” – the tool of decision making and operative

managementmanagement „„Economic numerology”Economic numerology”

• Decions based on statistical data (e.g. 55%, 3%, GDP per Decions based on statistical data (e.g. 55%, 3%, GDP per capita)?)capita)?)

„„NeomonopolizationNeomonopolization” based on „laws” and ” based on „laws” and „standards””„standards””

Reduction of free market to marketplace and Reduction of free market to marketplace and bazaar bazaar

Bureacratization, „procedurization” i Bureacratization, „procedurization” i „pettifoggerization” of laws„pettifoggerization” of laws

Quality of law determines the Quality of law determines the quality of statequality of state

……....złe prawo gorsze niźli tyran najsroższy. złe prawo gorsze niźli tyran najsroższy. Bo wżdy tyran albo odmienić się, albo Bo wżdy tyran albo odmienić się, albo namówić, albo umrzeć może i jego tyraństwo namówić, albo umrzeć może i jego tyraństwo ustaje. A złe prawo zawżdy trwa, zawżdy ustaje. A złe prawo zawżdy trwa, zawżdy zabija i szkodę czyni i na duszy, i na ciele. Jest zabija i szkodę czyni i na duszy, i na ciele. Jest jako lew i bestyja nierozumna, która namówić jako lew i bestyja nierozumna, która namówić się nie da, aż ją zabić i umorzyć. Tak i złe się nie da, aż ją zabić i umorzyć. Tak i złe prawo, które szkody ludziom czyni miasto prawo, które szkody ludziom czyni miasto pomocy, dla której wszystkie się prawa stawią.pomocy, dla której wszystkie się prawa stawią.

Rektor Uniwersytetu Stefana Batorego Rektor Uniwersytetu Stefana Batorego Ks. Piotr SkargaKs. Piotr Skarga

Kazania sejmoweKazania sejmowe

Infrastructuralization of Infrastructuralization of developmentdevelopment

Security of society and economy – access to Security of society and economy – access to strategic resourcesstrategic resources

Infrastructural level is decisive for the Infrastructural level is decisive for the development of economy and societydevelopment of economy and society

Political, social (political, human aand social capital)Political, social (political, human aand social capital) Legal and organizational (laws and insititutions)Legal and organizational (laws and insititutions) Technical: transport, energy, Technical: transport, energy, InformationalInformational

Critical infrastructures: Critical infrastructures: Social infrastructureSocial infrastructure Laws and organizationLaws and organization Information (resources and systems)Information (resources and systems)

Control of infrastructural system by the state is Control of infrastructural system by the state is the prerequisite of souvereignitythe prerequisite of souvereignity

Metropolization of developmentMetropolization of development Concentration of resources in metropoliesConcentration of resources in metropolies

Political and administrative centresPolitical and administrative centres Science and universitiesScience and universities Financial centresFinancial centres Decisional centres of real economyDecisional centres of real economy

Types of metropoliesTypes of metropolies LocalLocal NationalNational RegionalRegional GlobalGlobal

Development of metropolies based on resources Development of metropolies based on resources of other regionsof other regions

Metropolitan synergy effect: Metropolitan synergy effect: economic economic gravitation, „economic black hole syndrome”gravitation, „economic black hole syndrome”

Polarization of regional development on global Polarization of regional development on global scale (scale (centers and perifral regions) EU case centers and perifral regions) EU case studystudy

Financial sector torn out from real Financial sector torn out from real economyeconomy

Global financial sectorGlobal financial sector Global financial instytutionsGlobal financial instytutions Position of financial sector determined by Position of financial sector determined by

laws and instytutionslaws and instytutions „„Virtualization” of financial processesVirtualization” of financial processes Legal asymmetry and absolute supremacy Legal asymmetry and absolute supremacy

of financial sector over real economyof financial sector over real economy Relations between financial sector and real Relations between financial sector and real

economy determined by laws and state economy determined by laws and state institutionsinstitutions

Global information societyGlobal information society Growing information minimaGrowing information minima

CivilizationalCivilizational FunctionalFunctional SytuationalSytuational

Growing information gapsGrowing information gaps Growing demand for informationGrowing demand for information Growing supply of informaionGrowing supply of informaion Absolute asymmetry between producers and Absolute asymmetry between producers and

users of informationusers of information Dominating position of global information Dominating position of global information

intermediariesintermediaries Mass production of information without quality Mass production of information without quality

standards and their controlstandards and their control Social information order requiresSocial information order requires

Adequate level of social information cultureAdequate level of social information culture Linguistic transparency („one language”)Linguistic transparency („one language”)

Fundamental law of information in Fundamental law of information in knowledge based economyknowledge based economy

Worse information Worse information oustst better informationoustst better information Wiedza (informacja) staje się towarem na rynku informacyjnymWiedza (informacja) staje się towarem na rynku informacyjnym Rynek wzmacnia wypieranie informacji lepszej przez gorsząRynek wzmacnia wypieranie informacji lepszej przez gorszą Etyka – jedynym gwarantem jakości informacjiEtyka – jedynym gwarantem jakości informacji Etyka wzmocniona przez egzekwowalne normy informacyjne – Etyka wzmocniona przez egzekwowalne normy informacyjne –

warunkiem i gwarantem społecznego ładu informacyjnegowarunkiem i gwarantem społecznego ładu informacyjnego Statystyka publiczna – narzędziem ograniczenia skutków Statystyka publiczna – narzędziem ograniczenia skutków

fundamentalnego prawa informacji w zakresie swojego fundamentalnego prawa informacji w zakresie swojego oddziaływaniaoddziaływania

Konwledge-based economyKonwledge-based economy Information dependent technological Information dependent technological

prodressprodress Information components in technologiesInformation components in technologies Human capital decisive for R&DHuman capital decisive for R&D National R&D and education – prerequisite National R&D and education – prerequisite

of absorption of progressof absorption of progress Concentration of new researches and Concentration of new researches and

development works in global scaledevelopment works in global scale Polarization of regions and countries Polarization of regions and countries

caused by national differences in human caused by national differences in human and social capitaland social capital

Role of information sector and Role of information sector and mass mediamass media

Industrial production and dissemination of Industrial production and dissemination of information realizing the functions ofinformation realizing the functions of

Reresentation of real worldReresentation of real world Formation of resources of knwledgeFormation of resources of knwledge Decision support Decision support Control of processesControl of processes ConsumptionConsumption

Commercialization of information sectorCommercialization of information sector Domination of information for concumptionDomination of information for concumption Pollution of information environmentPollution of information environment

Mass media determining the quality of Mass media determining the quality of information environmentinformation environment

Official statistics is the segment of non – Official statistics is the segment of non – commercial sector of informationcommercial sector of information

Official statistics and social Official statistics and social information orderinformation order

Global information order – prerequisite of Global information order – prerequisite of economic, political and social ordereconomic, political and social order

Official Statistics is the global information Official Statistics is the global information system respecting scientific and ethical system respecting scientific and ethical standardsstandards

Dynamics of social and economic Dynamics of social and economic processes and their interrelations requise processes and their interrelations requise statistical observation and monitoring on statistical observation and monitoring on global scaleglobal scale

Mission of official statisticsMission of official statistics– – global social information security and safetyglobal social information security and safety

Global information standardsGlobal information standards Global statisticalo languageGlobal statisticalo language Global statistical systemGlobal statistical system

Identification and modeling of processesIdentification and modeling of processes MeasuringMeasuring Collecting informationCollecting information Maintenance of information resourcesMaintenance of information resources Dissemination of information as public goodDissemination of information as public good

Global statistical standardsGlobal statistical standards Metastandards Metastandards Concepts and definitionsConcepts and definitions Classifications, nomenclatures, typologiesClassifications, nomenclatures, typologies Methods of measuringMethods of measuring Standards of production of derived dataStandards of production of derived data Standards for coordiantion of informationStandards for coordiantion of information Information standards in science and technologyInformation standards in science and technology Information standards used in economy and Information standards used in economy and

politicspolitics Official statistics is authorized by laws to produce Official statistics is authorized by laws to produce

and disseminate information standards for public and disseminate information standards for public useuse

Institutions of global system of Institutions of global system of official statisticsofficial statistics

UN statistical commissionUN statistical commission UN regional commissionsUN regional commissions UN Conference of European UN Conference of European

StatisticiansStatisticians OECD statistical serviceOECD statistical service EUROSTATEUROSTAT

Three determinants of Three determinants of development development

of official statistics in EU of official statistics in EU

1.1. Information infrastructure of the EU Information infrastructure of the EU and in the EU-member countries and in the EU-member countries

2.2. Fundametal law of information in Fundametal law of information in knowledge -based economyknowledge -based economy

3.3. Fundamenal law of progress in Fundamenal law of progress in official statisticsofficial statistics

1. Integrity of information infrastructure – 1. Integrity of information infrastructure – prerequisite of transparency of single prerequisite of transparency of single

marketmarket Information infrastructureInformation infrastructure is the integrated complex of is the integrated complex of

• Information standardsInformation standards• Information systemsInformation systems• Information resourcesInformation resources• Information technologiesInformation technologies• Information culture and skills of stakeholders of statisticsInformation culture and skills of stakeholders of statistics

Supervised and controlled by insitutions (national, international, Supervised and controlled by insitutions (national, international, supranational)supranational)

Necessary for information security in EUNecessary for information security in EU

The integrity of information infrastructure in EU countires The integrity of information infrastructure in EU countires and on supranational scale determines the informaiton and on supranational scale determines the informaiton security of EU as a wholesecurity of EU as a whole

2. Fundametal law of 2. Fundametal law of information information

in knowledge - based economyin knowledge - based economy

Worse information ousts Worse information ousts

better informationbetter information

The FLI is an universal law The FLI is an universal law

3. Fundamental law of progress 3. Fundamental law of progress

in official statistics in official statistics

The only internal driving power The only internal driving power

of progress in official statistics is of progress in official statistics is its its

INERTIAINERTIA

The FLoPOS is acting on all levels and in The FLoPOS is acting on all levels and in all systems official statistics all systems official statistics

Institutional setup of NSSInstitutional setup of NSS

PrinciplesPrinciples

Laws Laws

PracticesPractices

Principles Principles

Fundamental principles of official Fundamental principles of official statistics, UNECE resolution 1992statistics, UNECE resolution 1992

ISI code of statistical ethics 1985ISI code of statistical ethics 1985 EU code of best practices EU code of best practices National codes of statistical National codes of statistical

ethics and best practicesethics and best practices

LawsLaws EU laws and resolutions on official EU laws and resolutions on official

satististics of the European Parliament and satististics of the European Parliament and European Council European Council

EC directives on official statisticsEC directives on official statistics Decisions of the ESSCDecisions of the ESSC Recommendations of EurostatRecommendations of Eurostat National statistical lawsNational statistical laws National statistical governmental National statistical governmental

regulations and decisionsregulations and decisions

Problem to be solved: Problem to be solved: orchestration and harmonization of laws, orchestration and harmonization of laws,

recommendations and decisionsrecommendations and decisions

European statistical practices European statistical practices „embarras de richesse”„embarras de richesse”

Variety of institutional national models of Variety of institutional national models of official statistics:official statistics:

Scandinavian (centralized)Scandinavian (centralized) Anglo-Saxon (decentralized)Anglo-Saxon (decentralized) French (central – regionalized)French (central – regionalized) German (federal)German (federal) Greek (distributed)Greek (distributed)

Variety of national information environmentsVariety of national information environments Administrative information systems of governmentsAdministrative information systems of governments Information regulations of economic activityInformation regulations of economic activity

Variety of interrelations between official Variety of interrelations between official statistics and non-statistical information statistics and non-statistical information systemssystems

Complementarity vs. SubstitutionComplementarity vs. Substitution Coordination models of information infrastructureCoordination models of information infrastructure

NSI’s standing NSI’s standing within public administrationwithin public administration

1.1. Ministry of statistics – Chief Statistician in the rank of a Ministry of statistics – Chief Statistician in the rank of a minister of the governmentminister of the government

2.2. Central statistical office – Chief Statistician reporting to the Central statistical office – Chief Statistician reporting to the president, parliament or prime minister,president, parliament or prime minister,

3.3. Central statistical office – Chief Statistician reporting to the Central statistical office – Chief Statistician reporting to the minister of …interior, finance, economy… ??? minister of …interior, finance, economy… ???

4.4. Central co-ordinating unit in the office of prime minister – Central co-ordinating unit in the office of prime minister – distributed and decntralized statistical production managed distributed and decntralized statistical production managed by ministries and other officesby ministries and other offices

DillemaDillema: „: „das Soll vs. Das Seindas Soll vs. Das Sein””statistical laws vs. political position of other central and statistical laws vs. political position of other central and regional organs and governments regional organs and governments

NSI’s co-ordinating role NSI’s co-ordinating role in the national statistical in the national statistical

systemsystem Coordinating competences of the NSI:Coordinating competences of the NSI:

• Information infrastructure of the stateInformation infrastructure of the state• Information standards (concepts, definitions, Information standards (concepts, definitions,

classifications, registers etc.)classifications, registers etc.)• Official statistical services of other ministires Official statistical services of other ministires

Coordinating instrumentsCoordinating instruments• Multi-annual programs of development of statistical Multi-annual programs of development of statistical

capacity and productioncapacity and production• Annual programs of surveysAnnual programs of surveys• Information standards introduced by lawInformation standards introduced by law

Coordinating organsCoordinating organs• National statistical council (board)National statistical council (board)• Chief statistician as the organ of governmentChief statistician as the organ of government• Other coordinating organsOther coordinating organs

Appointment and termination of contracts Appointment and termination of contracts of top managers – core of efficient of top managers – core of efficient

management of NSSmanagement of NSS Case study of PolandCase study of Poland

AppointmentAppointment procedure for „central procedure for „central offices”offices”

Open competition Open competition Candidates are evaluated by the jury nominated by Candidates are evaluated by the jury nominated by

prime ministerprime minister Prime minister is selecting the chief statistician from Prime minister is selecting the chief statistician from

candidates who positively passed the procedurecandidates who positively passed the procedure Prime minister nominates the chief statisticians for 5 Prime minister nominates the chief statisticians for 5

years turn years turn

Termination of the contractTermination of the contract In any moment – decision of the prime ministerIn any moment – decision of the prime minister

Independence of official Independence of official statistics and its prerequisitesstatistics and its prerequisites

Law – driven governance and supervision of Law – driven governance and supervision of ESS and NSIESS and NSI

Political culture of politicians Political culture of politicians Information culture of politiciansInformation culture of politicians – – good good

information is expensive, but lack of good information is expensive, but lack of good information is much more expensiveinformation is much more expensive

Political culture of statisticiansPolitical culture of statisticians - - political political mission of statistics is telling the whole truthmission of statistics is telling the whole truth

Budget for statistics based on realistic costs of Budget for statistics based on realistic costs of statistical surveys and servicesstatistical surveys and services ( (costs of costs of maintenance of resources and costs of surveysmaintenance of resources and costs of surveys))

Decision making process of Decision making process of development of official development of official

statisticsstatistics StrategyStrategy of development of national statistics - of development of national statistics - SDNSSDNS – –

„„Mission and Vision”Mission and Vision” Long - term programLong - term program of development of official statistics (15 of development of official statistics (15

years horizon) adopted as governmental official documentyears horizon) adopted as governmental official document Operational programsOperational programs of statistical acitvities of government of statistical acitvities of government

• Multi – annual program of surveysMulti – annual program of surveys• Annual program of surveys (base for budgeting)Annual program of surveys (base for budgeting)• Program of maintenance and upgrading of the NSS and NSIProgram of maintenance and upgrading of the NSS and NSI• Permanent official statistical services (dissemination, assistance Permanent official statistical services (dissemination, assistance

to users, education and training of stakeholders, supplying data to to users, education and training of stakeholders, supplying data to international organizations etc.)international organizations etc.)

• Program of research, incl. international cooperation in R & DProgram of research, incl. international cooperation in R & D

Decision gaps Decision gaps Weakness of long term and multi – annual Weakness of long term and multi – annual

programsprograms Annual budgeting vs. multinannual Annual budgeting vs. multinannual

programprogram „„Additive budgeting” independent on real Additive budgeting” independent on real

costs of surveys and activities (B{t-1}x costs of surveys and activities (B{t-1}x {1+Infl.}){1+Infl.})

Weak coordinating position of NSI’s in Weak coordinating position of NSI’s in relation to ministries, central banks and relation to ministries, central banks and other governmental organsother governmental organs

Resources of NSSResources of NSS

Resources of Resources of • national statistical officesnational statistical offices• other national statistical servicesother national statistical services• information environment of official information environment of official

statisticsstatistics

Problem: Problem: • legal frames and capacity of NSI legal frames and capacity of NSI

necessary for managemenet of resources necessary for managemenet of resources of NSSof NSS

Maintenance of resourcesMaintenance of resources Intellectual infrastructure Intellectual infrastructure

• Statistical staffStatistical staff• R & D units of NSI’s R & D units of NSI’s • External experts and institutesExternal experts and institutes

Information infrastructure: Information infrastructure: • information basesinformation bases• meta and parainformation systemsmeta and parainformation systems

Technical infrastructure (ICT, offices, etc.)Technical infrastructure (ICT, offices, etc.)

Problem: Problem: • Budget of NSI systematic financing of Budget of NSI systematic financing of

maintenance of resources maintenance of resources

Development of resourcesDevelopment of resources Research and development Research and development

• National R & D capacity National R & D capacity • ESS-netESS-net• European centers of excellenceEuropean centers of excellence• Eurostat R & D staffEurostat R & D staff

Education and trainingEducation and training• Modernization of program of university Modernization of program of university

educationeducation• Training of European Statisticians – TES - EMOSTraining of European Statisticians – TES - EMOS• Education and training of national statisticians Education and training of national statisticians

Upgrading of statistical ICTUpgrading of statistical ICT• Systematic upgrading of ICT of statistical Systematic upgrading of ICT of statistical

offices offices • Special statistical softwareSpecial statistical software

Development of statistical Development of statistical information environmentinformation environment

Coordinating competences of NSI’s in Coordinating competences of NSI’s in designing and implementing of ICT - based designing and implementing of ICT - based administrative information systems:administrative information systems:

Information standards for administtative procedures Information standards for administtative procedures and systemsand systems

Administrative registers: population, land, Administrative registers: population, land, businessendards businessendards

Primary registers of businessesPrimary registers of businesses Infrastructural information systems of governments Infrastructural information systems of governments

(especially: taxes, social insurance, heath (especially: taxes, social insurance, heath insuranceinsurance, ,

Management of „inter-ministerial” Management of „inter-ministerial” registersregisters

E.g. businesses, population, territorial unitsE.g. businesses, population, territorial units

Conflicts in planning and Conflicts in planning and execution of resourcesexecution of resources

„„Conflict of interest” between multi-annual Conflict of interest” between multi-annual programming and realization of statistical programming and realization of statistical surveys and annual budgeting of governmentsurveys and annual budgeting of government

Policy of budget cuts Policy of budget cuts Reduction of costs of statistcs vs. financing of Reduction of costs of statistcs vs. financing of

R&D, education and upgrading of R&D, education and upgrading of infrastructureinfrastructure

The reduction of costs is achieved by:The reduction of costs is achieved by:• Lower quality of metadata, data and servicesLower quality of metadata, data and services• Reduction of R&D Reduction of R&D • Lower level of ICTLower level of ICT• Cuts in intellectual capital of statistics (experts, Cuts in intellectual capital of statistics (experts,

education, training)education, training)

Quality control of statisticsQuality control of statistics Integration of data capturing and editingIntegration of data capturing and editing Strong framesStrong frames Direct use of primary recordsDirect use of primary records Use of administrative data Use of administrative data Electronic intelligent questionnairesElectronic intelligent questionnaires Non-conventional sources of informationNon-conventional sources of information Extended editing: full formal and logic control, Extended editing: full formal and logic control,

using historical datausing historical data Integrated metadata and data basesIntegrated metadata and data bases Full docummenting of methodology of surveysFull docummenting of methodology of surveys Ex-ante and ex-post audit of surveysEx-ante and ex-post audit of surveys

Quality assuranceQuality assurance

Need of strenghtening the control of Need of strenghtening the control of qualityquality

Single survey – independent Single survey – independent methodological standards obligatory for methodological standards obligatory for all NSS (including ministries)all NSS (including ministries)

Methodological audit ex ante of each Methodological audit ex ante of each survey (methodological „imprimatur” )survey (methodological „imprimatur” )

Maintenance of methodological Maintenance of methodological integrity of data resourcesintegrity of data resources

Official statistics produced Official statistics produced outside the NSI’soutside the NSI’s

Assymetry of statistical competences Assymetry of statistical competences between ministries and NSI’sbetween ministries and NSI’s• Ministries are treating their statistics like Ministries are treating their statistics like

any other administrative systemany other administrative system• Problems:Problems:

obeying metodological standards and obeying metodological standards and methodological transparency by ministriesmethodological transparency by ministries

To weak methodological coordination from To weak methodological coordination from the part of the NSIthe part of the NSI

Production of semi-official data by ministries Production of semi-official data by ministries

Official statistical services Official statistical services as public goodas public good

Database – driven dissemination of Database – driven dissemination of statisical information statisical information

Profiled information services for VIP’sProfiled information services for VIP’s Problem – oriented analysesProblem – oriented analyses Statistical consultative support of public Statistical consultative support of public

administration and governmentsadministration and governments

Official statistician Official statistician Information researcher and supporter of public sector Information researcher and supporter of public sector

and researchand research Paid services for commercial sectorPaid services for commercial sector

Access to statistical data and Access to statistical data and metadatametadata

Pressure of givernments and businesses on Pressure of givernments and businesses on access to microdataaccess to microdata

Opening the access of governments to Opening the access of governments to microdata will be the end of good official microdata will be the end of good official statisticsstatistics

NSI’s and Eurostat should protect NSI’s and Eurostat should protect microdata by: microdata by:

Offering high level statistical services to usersOffering high level statistical services to users Building and maintaining databases containing Building and maintaining databases containing

statistical microaggregates and time seriesstatistical microaggregates and time series Databases storing microdata should be accessible only Databases storing microdata should be accessible only

for statisticians compiling data on request of usersfor statisticians compiling data on request of users

Eurostat as supranational Eurostat as supranational statistical office of EUstatistical office of EU

Statistical office of EU Commission and institutionsStatistical office of EU Commission and institutions• Identification of EU statistical needsIdentification of EU statistical needs• Common EU program of official statisticsCommon EU program of official statistics• Collection of output data from NSI’sCollection of output data from NSI’s

Coordinator of ESSCoordinator of ESS• Programming of ESS surveys Programming of ESS surveys • Coordinaiton of statistical production for EU needsCoordinaiton of statistical production for EU needs• Elaborating information metastandards and standards for Elaborating information metastandards and standards for

information systems of public sectorinformation systems of public sector European R&D and education institute European R&D and education institute

• R&D projectsR&D projects• Pilot implementations Pilot implementations • Statistical education Statistical education • ESS-netESS-net

EU code of statistical best EU code of statistical best practicepractice

The „best” does not mean „good” or even The „best” does not mean „good” or even „admissible” in other environment„admissible” in other environment

Adoption of EU code of practice to national Adoption of EU code of practice to national specificityspecificity

Official recommendation of national Official recommendation of national version of the EU code of practice by version of the EU code of practice by respective lawrespective law

Dissemination of UNFP, ISI Code, EU CodeDissemination of UNFP, ISI Code, EU Code Official national recommendationsOfficial national recommendations Education and training: university professors should Education and training: university professors should

be acquainted with the codes of ethics and practicesbe acquainted with the codes of ethics and practices Independent audit of methods and surveys Independent audit of methods and surveys

ConclusionsConclusions SDESSDES - - SStrategy of trategy of DDevelopment of evelopment of

EEuropean uropean SStatistics tatistics – mission and vision of – mission and vision of ESS elaborated under the auspices of ESGAB ESS elaborated under the auspices of ESGAB and updatedand updated

Centralized co-ordination (Centralized co-ordination (not managementnot management) ) of ESSof ESS

Partnership relations between statistical offices and Partnership relations between statistical offices and services on national and supranational levelservices on national and supranational level

Harmonization and integration of ESS by programs, Harmonization and integration of ESS by programs, metadata and methodological standardsmetadata and methodological standards

Position of Eurostat in EC directorates and Position of Eurostat in EC directorates and commissioners commissioners

Thank youThank you

Główny Urząd StatystycznyGłówny Urząd Statystycznywraz z wojewódzkimi Urzędami Statystycznymiwraz z wojewódzkimi Urzędami Statystycznymi

System statystyki publicznej Polski jest System statystyki publicznej Polski jest • Ważnym segmentem infrastruktury informacyjnej krajuWażnym segmentem infrastruktury informacyjnej kraju• Integralną częścią globalnego i europejskiego systemu Integralną częścią globalnego i europejskiego systemu

statystycznegostatystycznego Misja GUS - współkształtowanie społecznego ładu Misja GUS - współkształtowanie społecznego ładu

informacyjnego i infrastruktury informacyjnej kraju przez:informacyjnego i infrastruktury informacyjnej kraju przez:• Normy informacyjne, w tym rejestry urzędowe Normy informacyjne, w tym rejestry urzędowe • Zasoby informacyjne jako dobro publiczne należneZasoby informacyjne jako dobro publiczne należne• Aktywne wsparcie informacyjne i analityczne organów Aktywne wsparcie informacyjne i analityczne organów

państwa, nauki, organizacji społecznych, biznesupaństwa, nauki, organizacji społecznych, biznesu• Programowanie badań statystycznych statystyki publicznej i Programowanie badań statystycznych statystyki publicznej i

ich koordynacja ich koordynacja • Realizacja badań statystycznych statystyki centralnej Realizacja badań statystycznych statystyki centralnej • Wspomaganie oficjalnych badań statystycznych prowadzonych Wspomaganie oficjalnych badań statystycznych prowadzonych

przez inne instytucje państwoweprzez inne instytucje państwowe• Harmonizacja i współpraca z globalnymi i europejskimi Harmonizacja i współpraca z globalnymi i europejskimi

systemami statystycznymisystemami statystycznymi• Koordynacja i realizacja badań naukowych Koordynacja i realizacja badań naukowych • Edukacja statystyczna Edukacja statystyczna

Statystyka publiczna podstawą Statystyka publiczna podstawą funkcjonowania państwafunkcjonowania państwa

Zrozumienie znaczenia infrastruktury informacyjnej Zrozumienie znaczenia infrastruktury informacyjnej w globalnym społeczeństwie informacyjnym i w w globalnym społeczeństwie informacyjnym i w gospodarce opartej na wiedzygospodarce opartej na wiedzy

Właściwa ranga jakości informacji, norm Właściwa ranga jakości informacji, norm informacyjnych, w tym norm statystycznych informacyjnych, w tym norm statystycznych

Infrastrukturalne podejście do statystyki publicznej, Infrastrukturalne podejście do statystyki publicznej, w tym zapewnienie warunków rozwoju w tym zapewnienie warunków rozwoju

Przestrzeganie Fundamentalnych Zasad Statystyki Przestrzeganie Fundamentalnych Zasad Statystyki Publicznej ONZPublicznej ONZ

Właściwa ranga rozwoju kultury i edukacji Właściwa ranga rozwoju kultury i edukacji informacyjnej, w tym kultury statystycznej i edukacji informacyjnej, w tym kultury statystycznej i edukacji statystycznej dla państwa, społeczeństwa i statystycznej dla państwa, społeczeństwa i gospodarkigospodarki

Information transparency and official Information transparency and official statisticsstatistics

IInformation transparencynformation transparency is the prerequisite of is the prerequisite of politicalpolitical, social and economic partnership, social and economic partnership and and cooperation ;cooperation ;

Mission of nMission of national statistical offices ational statistical offices is is to to protectprotect international international information transparency;information transparency;

JointJoint statistical parainformation platform statistical parainformation platform is is the the optimaloptimal tool tool of supporting transparency in of supporting transparency in heterogeneous international environment.heterogeneous international environment.

Time to go beyond statistical variables Time to go beyond statistical variables • from data through information to from data through information to

knowledgeknowledge

Official statistics – where we go ?Official statistics – where we go ?

From paper questionnaires to electronic data From paper questionnaires to electronic data capturingcapturing

From questionnaires to administrative recordsFrom questionnaires to administrative records From national systems to international and global From national systems to international and global

integrationintegration From statistical variables to From statistical variables to statistical statistical information information

(from tables to data analyses)(from tables to data analyses) From From statistical statistical information to information to knowledgeknowledge on social on social

and economic processes and phenomenaand economic processes and phenomena

Storage and retrieval of statistical information Storage and retrieval of statistical information – – where we go ?where we go ?

Single questionnaire – driven Single questionnaire – driven statistical filesstatistical files

Statistical databasesStatistical databases• Integration Integration ex ante ex ante of data and metadataof data and metadata

Information warehousesInformation warehouses• Integrated storage of heterogeneous Integrated storage of heterogeneous

informationinformation Information platforms Information platforms

• reference data for retrieval of reference data for retrieval of heterogeneous information (heterogeneous information (weak, flexible weak, flexible structuringstructuring))

Informational Informational foundations foundations of of international international partnershippartnership

Partnership is based on trustPartnership is based on trust Trust is based on information Trust is based on information

transparencytransparency Information transparency is Information transparency is

based onbased on eaqual accessibility of information for all eaqual accessibility of information for all

stakeholdersstakeholders quality control of public information by quality control of public information by

official information agenciesofficial information agencies isomorphic interpretability of information isomorphic interpretability of information

for all usersfor all users

IInternationalnternational heterogeneous heterogeneous environmentenvironment

Particular countries have developed their Particular countries have developed their own, specific information infrastructures; own, specific information infrastructures;

National National administrative systems, primary administrative systems, primary records of legal persons and entrepreneurs, records of legal persons and entrepreneurs, are specific for each country; are specific for each country;

Information Information used in socialused in social, economic, economic and and ecological ecological systemssystems are adjusted to legal and are adjusted to legal and administrative specificity of administrative specificity of eacheach country; country;

Information transparency Information transparency in in globalized economyglobalized economy

In In globalized globalized open economy open economy the systems of the systems of “national econom“national economiesies” ” areare fuzzy; fuzzy;

PProcesses in national economies cannot be rocesses in national economies cannot be explained and monitored without explained and monitored without information from other countries;information from other countries;

Information transparency in heterogeneous Information transparency in heterogeneous international environment requires international environment requires orchestrating public information systems orchestrating public information systems

NationalNational information information systems of official systems of official statisticsstatistics and central banks and central banks are coordinated are coordinated on international levelon international level

Mission of official statistics Mission of official statistics in heterogenous in heterogenous international environmentinternational environment

PProducing roducing standardized standardized statistical statistical data data AAccessccessinging complete complete economic and economic and

social social informationinformation on international on international scale,scale,statisticsstatisticsadministrative informationadministrative informationscientific, technical and commercial scientific, technical and commercial

informationinformation Statistics of XIX century should go Statistics of XIX century should go

beyod statistical variablesbeyod statistical variables

Statistical parainformationStatistical parainformation – – the way to go beyond statistical variablesthe way to go beyond statistical variables

Parainformation is the information on Parainformation is the information on • Information systems, Information systems, • Information resources ,Information resources ,• Stakeholders of information systemsStakeholders of information systems

producers, producers, intermediaries,intermediaries, users users

Standardization and harmonization of Standardization and harmonization of parainformation should be the mission parainformation should be the mission of global statistical organizations and of global statistical organizations and NSO’sNSO’s

Functions of parainformationFunctions of parainformation

Standardizing of documenation ofStandardizing of documenation of laws and regulation of information laws and regulation of information

systemssystems official information systems and official information systems and

resources resources

Informing on existing resources of Informing on existing resources of information and metainformationinformation and metainformation

Supporing Supporing retrieval of information and retrieval of information and relevant metainformation relevant metainformation

Joint parainformation platform Joint parainformation platform is is harmoniz harmonizinging international reference international reference information on: information on:

Information laws and regulationsInformation laws and regulations Statistical offices (Statistical offices (NSI’sNSI’s, regional and local units) and its , regional and local units) and its

organizational structureorganizational structuress Metadata bases: classifications, nomenclatures, code lists, Metadata bases: classifications, nomenclatures, code lists,

registers, frames, glossariesregisters, frames, glossaries Statistical surveysStatistical surveys Administrative recordsAdministrative records Administrative data sourcesAdministrative data sources Primary records used as statistical data sourcesPrimary records used as statistical data sources Statistical microdata basesStatistical microdata bases Statistical output data bases and warehousesStatistical output data bases and warehouses Publications containing official statistical informationPublications containing official statistical information Archived statistical filesArchived statistical files Stakeholders of statistical processes: managers of source Stakeholders of statistical processes: managers of source

records, respondents, intermediaries, users (all types) records, respondents, intermediaries, users (all types)

Joint parainformation platform Joint parainformation platform - - ONE WINDOW ONE WINDOW

to to international international information information environmentenvironment

The parainformation platform The parainformation platform is „one is „one window” window” for for navigatinavigatingng in in many different many different national systemsnational systems..

The parainformation The parainformation platform does not platform does not interfere in existing interfere in existing national national laws, laws, procedures and structures of procedures and structures of national national statistical systems of participating countries statistical systems of participating countries and statistical offices. and statistical offices.

Each national statistical agency may take Each national statistical agency may take the decision of the scope of parainformation the decision of the scope of parainformation delivered to the plarformdelivered to the plarform. .

Effects of common parainformation Effects of common parainformation for public sectorfor public sector

Common parainformation platformCommon parainformation platform is the is the most most effective effective tool tool to achievto achieving ing high level of high level of information transparency between countries of information transparency between countries of Eastern Partnership. Eastern Partnership.

The parainformation platform is adjusted The parainformation platform is adjusted to the specificity and constrains of to the specificity and constrains of heterogeneous international heterogeneous international environment.environment.

Harmonizing sHarmonizing statistical parainformation tatistical parainformation and and organizing parainformational organizing parainformational platform shall platform shall benefit to dynamic cooperation benefit to dynamic cooperation between between countries, especially countries, especially in transborder regions. in transborder regions.

National statistical capacityNational statistical capacity

Capacity of NSI’sCapacity of NSI’s Capacity of internal statistical environmentCapacity of internal statistical environment

• Capacity of statistical services of governmentsCapacity of statistical services of governments• Capacity of administrative information systemsCapacity of administrative information systems• National ICT capacity National ICT capacity • Scientific statistical capacity of universities and Scientific statistical capacity of universities and

institutesinstitutes• Statistial capacity and literacy of stakeholders Statistial capacity and literacy of stakeholders

of NSSof NSS Capacity of external statistical environmetCapacity of external statistical environmet

• International organizations and projectsInternational organizations and projects• Foreign and international information systemsForeign and international information systems

Environment of official statisticsEnvironment of official statistics

Normative environmentNormative environment: l: laws regulating aws regulating socio – economic information and their socio – economic information and their practical implementingpractical implementing, i.a. l, i.a. laws on official aws on official statisticsstatistics

Information infrastructure Information infrastructure of of governments, non-profit sectors, governments, non-profit sectors, businesses, households businesses, households

Social environmentSocial environment: : „„sstatistical literacy” tatistical literacy” of governments, businesses , societyof governments, businesses , society

Administrative position of Administrative position of official official statisticsstatistics: : organization, staff, financing, organization, staff, financing, ICTICT. .

„„North” vs. „South” North” vs. „South” models of environment of official statistics models of environment of official statistics

Main differences between Main differences between NorthNorth and and SouthSouth• Model of information infrastructureModel of information infrastructure• Scope of registration of economic and social processes Scope of registration of economic and social processes

by governmentsby governments• Character of institutional interventionism Character of institutional interventionism • Role of global financial sectorRole of global financial sector• Model of information culture and statistical literacyModel of information culture and statistical literacy

„„North”North”• Information infrastructure Information infrastructure supervised by supervised by

central governments covering all spheres of social central governments covering all spheres of social and economic lifeand economic life

• Total registration Total registration of all economic and social of all economic and social processes, by governments and other organizations processes, by governments and other organizations

• Deep institutional interventionism Deep institutional interventionism in all in all pheres of social and economic lifepheres of social and economic life

• Decisive influence of global financial sector Decisive influence of global financial sector on on real sphere of economy and on social life real sphere of economy and on social life

• Active role of official information Active role of official information in social and in social and economic processes economic processes

• Common use of statistical information Common use of statistical information by by governments, businesses and householdsgovernments, businesses and households

• Common use of ICT Common use of ICT by governments, businesses by governments, businesses and households and households

„„South” South” Limited registration and polarizationLimited registration and polarization

Limited registrationLimited registration• Information infrastructure coordinated by governments Information infrastructure coordinated by governments

is is limitedlimited to government units and their functionsto government units and their functions• Registration of social and economic phenomena and Registration of social and economic phenomena and

processes processes limited to facts important for limited to facts important for governmentsgovernments

• Non-registered economyNon-registered economy, , non-registered social non-registered social activities and shadow economyactivities and shadow economy

• Impact of financial insitutions Impact of financial insitutions limitedlimited to governments, to governments, big businesses and relatively small groups of householdsbig businesses and relatively small groups of households

• Deep institutional interventionismDeep institutional interventionism limited to legal limited to legal personspersons

PolarizationPolarization• PolarizationPolarization of statistical literacy of society generating of statistical literacy of society generating

problems of participation in surveys and quality of problems of participation in surveys and quality of informationinformation

• PolarizationPolarization of practical use of ICT (IT exclusion) of practical use of ICT (IT exclusion)• PolarizationPolarization of use of statistics between governments, of use of statistics between governments,

businesses and householdsbusinesses and households

Compatibility and complementarity gaps between Compatibility and complementarity gaps between „North” and „South” - „North” and „South” -

Transfer and absorption of „Nothern” Transfer and absorption of „Nothern” statistical best practices (statistical best practices (based on total registrationbased on total registration) to ) to the „South” is difficult because of: the „South” is difficult because of: • Non – registered economyNon – registered economy• Non registered social phenomena and processesNon registered social phenomena and processes• Incidental participation of households and small Incidental participation of households and small

enterpreneurs in data interchange with enterpreneurs in data interchange with governments and statisticsgovernments and statistics

Statistics of the „South” needs better and Statistics of the „South” needs better and more sophisticated methods more sophisticated methods • frames, sampling procedures, quality control, frames, sampling procedures, quality control,

estimation on the basis of small samplesestimation on the basis of small samples

„„Fjord syndrome”Fjord syndrome”

„„South” – „South” South” – „South” transfer of statistical knowledge transfer of statistical knowledge

Creative adopting of best practices of „North” Creative adopting of best practices of „North” to the specificity of countries of „South”to the specificity of countries of „South”• Statistical agencies of many countries of the Statistical agencies of many countries of the

„South” have expertize and experience „South” have expertize and experience Official statistics of many countries of „South” Official statistics of many countries of „South”

have original knowledge and experience have original knowledge and experience • statistical methods and techniques transferable, statistical methods and techniques transferable,

implementable and implementable and absorbable by other countriesabsorbable by other countries of the „South”of the „South”

Post-transition countries as the N-S bridge Post-transition countries as the N-S bridge • Know-how in „holistic” transforming NSS’s and Know-how in „holistic” transforming NSS’s and

NSI’s NSI’s

Key nodes on critical path Key nodes on critical path of development of official statistics in the „Southern” of development of official statistics in the „Southern”

model of economymodel of economy

Non-registered and shadow economy: Non-registered and shadow economy: fuzzy fuzzy labor labor market, „bazaar”trade, incidental services,market, „bazaar”trade, incidental services, household sector household sector production, unpaid work, poverty , social and economic production, unpaid work, poverty , social and economic polarizationpolarization

Non-registered social processesNon-registered social processes: : vital statistics, vital statistics, migration, access to social servicesmigration, access to social services, retail trade and services, , retail trade and services, household activitieshousehold activities

Weak framesWeak frames - b - builduildinging stronger frames stronger frames in non- in non-registered environmentregistered environment

Estimation and imputation methods and Estimation and imputation methods and techniques based on techniques based on very small samplesvery small samples

Need of resources for monitoring of Need of resources for monitoring of extreme and incidental situations and extreme and incidental situations and processesprocesses

Some conclusionsSome conclusions Methodologists elaborating standards Methodologists elaborating standards

should pay more attention on the specificity should pay more attention on the specificity of „less registered” economies and societiesof „less registered” economies and societies

Need of systematic transfer of best Need of systematic transfer of best practices of more advances NSI’s of the practices of more advances NSI’s of the „South” to other countries (both „South” „South” to other countries (both „South” and„North”)and„North”)

Post-transition statistics may play the role of Post-transition statistics may play the role of bridge between „North” - „South” and bridge between „North” - „South” and „”South” – „South”„”South” – „South”

Kultura statystyczna Kultura statystyczna a władza i administracjaa władza i administracja

Informacja statystyczna to wiedzaInformacja statystyczna to wiedzaaleale

Władza jest substytutem wiedzy Władza jest substytutem wiedzy (Cz. Bobrowski)(Cz. Bobrowski)

Komu Bóg dał władzę, to dał mu i rozum Komu Bóg dał władzę, to dał mu i rozum (przysłowie czeskie)(przysłowie czeskie)

Rozum to rzecz najsprawiedliwiej między Rozum to rzecz najsprawiedliwiej między wszystkich rozdzielona. Bo im więcej go wszystkich rozdzielona. Bo im więcej go kto posiada, tym bardziej uważa, że ma kto posiada, tym bardziej uważa, że ma go nie dość. A im mniej go to posiada, go nie dość. A im mniej go to posiada, tym bardziej jest przekonany, że ma go tym bardziej jest przekonany, że ma go więcej niż inniwięcej niż inni (Pascal, Myśli)(Pascal, Myśli)

   Projekt :Projekt :

„„Odpowiedź na wyzwania gospodarki Odpowiedź na wyzwania gospodarki opartej na wiedzy: nowy program opartej na wiedzy: nowy program nauczania na WSHiP”.nauczania na WSHiP”.

Projekt współfinansowany ze środków Unii Projekt współfinansowany ze środków Unii Europejskiej w ramach Europejskiego Europejskiej w ramach Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego.Funduszu Społecznego.