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1989 ~ 11 Jj

:/;tP, • ~ 1ll ACT A SEISMOLOGICA SINICA

Vol.11, No.

Nov., 1989

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( 9] Jl£11!l!,1986. 1951 ~i!!i-~it. 8 t.&ll!llt~ll!lTtllitl~Omim~riU~~m:~~:lliL li!!liij;Jt!UI~~' 1: 23. [IOJ l!!lJllll!lll\1U4iCflliU1iUltm, 1980. l!!!Jllll!llllllfl-iCtllA(¥-!fti), 154-160, 164-167, 243-247, l!!!JllA~l±I

Jl&tl:. c111 xif~,lf1H£1ri;i,19ss. ~ 11s6~•oi!-~jj!ll!fi!!Hiij1t m:tm•t'l':JiilAiR. q:imima, 4,1,108-115. ( 12) Allen, C. R., Luo Zhuoli, Qian Hong, Wen Xueze, Zhou Huawei, and Huang Wcishi, Feild studi• of a

highly active fault zone: The Xianshuihe fault of southwestern China. Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull. in press.

[ 13) Allen, C. R., 1968. Active faulting in northern Turkey, contrib. 1577 32 pp., Di11. of Geol. Sci., Calif.

of Technol., Pasadena.

( 14) Allen, C. R., 1975. Geological criteria for evaluating seismicity. Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull., 86, 1041-1057.

[ 15] Bakun, W. H., R. M. Stewart, C. G. Bufe, and S. M. Marks, 1980. Implication of seismicity for failure

of a section of the San Andreas fault. Bull. Seismal. Soc. Amer., 70, 185-201.

[16] Crowell, J. C., 1974. Origin of late Cenozoic basins in southern California, In: Tectonics and Sedimenta­

tion (Ed. by W. R. Dickinson). Spec. Publ. Soc. Econ. Paleont, Miner. Tulsa, 22. 190-204.

[I 7] Heim, A., 1934. Earthquake region of 'faofu. Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull. 45, 1035-1049. [18] King, G. and J. Nabelek, 1985. Role of fault bends in the initiation and termination of earthquake ru­

pture. Science, 228, 984-987. ( 19) Rodgers, D. A., 1980. Analysis of pull-apart basin development produced by en echelon strike ·slip faults.

Spec. Pttbl. int. Ast. Sediment, 4, 27-41. [20) Segall, P. and D. D. Pollard, 1980. Mech•mics of discontinuous faults. J. Geophys. Res., BS, 4337-4350.

[21] Sibson, R. H., 1985. Stopping of earthquake ruptures at dilational fault jogs. Na1ure, 316, 248-251.

372 11 ~

SEGMENTATION, GEOMETRIC FEATURES, AND THEIR SEISMOTECTONIC IMPLICATIONS FOR THE HOLO·

CENE XIANSHUIHE FAULT ZONE

QIAN HoNGu, Zttou HuAwmu and HUANG WE1sH13>

I) Seismological Bureau of Sic/man Province.

2) Seismological Laboratory, California Institute of Technology.

3) Center for Analysis and Prediction, State Sei.<mo/ogical Bureau.

Abstract

The Holocene Xianshuihe fault zone, which consists of five main branches with left-late­

ral strike-slip, can be divided into two segments of different structural styles, jointing at the

pull-apart area of Huiyuan Monastery. The norGhwes.tern segment has a relatively simple

structure. While the southeastern segment exhibits a complex structure composed of several

branches. The segmentation of fault structure is the main cause of the different historic

strong-earthquake activity, and perhaps, the spatial variation of recent fault slip-rates in dif­

ferent segments. The "multiple-order en echelon" pattern is one of the important geometric characteris­

tics of the fault zone. Based on sizes of stepovers, orders of en echelon discontinuities have

been relatively classified. Of which, a left-stepping discontinuity in the order A en echelon,

which is apparently accompanied with topographic effect of pull-apart structure, has been taken as the dividing point of the segmentation of the fault zone. This discontinuity is also

reflected in stopping surficial ruptures during historic earthquakes with approximate magni­

tude 7. Stepping discontinuities in en echelon faults of the order B and C also have topog­raphic effects to a certain degree, but do not a·ppear to have been significant in stopping large­

earthquake ruptures. The earthquake ground-fissures developed within the Quaternary cover

are mainly in forms of even lower order of en echelons. Bending is another important geometric choaracteristics of the fault zone. Along-strike

bends at different degrees occur along the entire fault zone and some parts of faults. Local

bends along a fault is the main geometric causes for unsymmetrical rupture-spreading and :ntensity-attenuating during large earthquakes, and perhaps, one of the tectonic backgrounds

for recurrences of large or strong earthquakes at the same localities. Finally, three-dimensio­

nal models for the source faults of two large historic earthquakes have been analysed and dis­cussed.

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