Łukasz Kurek, Neurofilozofia jako filzofia w kontekście nauk

download Łukasz Kurek, Neurofilozofia jako filzofia w kontekście nauk

of 19

Transcript of Łukasz Kurek, Neurofilozofia jako filzofia w kontekście nauk

  • 8/3/2019 ukasz Kurek, Neurofilozofia jako filzofia w kontekcie nauk

    1/19

    1 H X U R I L O R ] R I L D M D N R I L O R ] R I L D Z N R Q W H N F L H Q D X N L

    XNDV].XUHN8QLZHUV\WHW-DJLHOORVNL

    &HQWUXP.RSHUQLND%DGD,QWHUG\VF\SOLQDUQ\FK

    1HXUROR]RDMDNROR]RDZNRQWHNFLHQDXNL

    :SURZDG]HQLH

    :NUyWNLHMKLVWRULLXSUDZLDQLDOR]RLZNRQWHNFLHQHXURQDXNZ\NV]WDFL\VLGZDSRGVWDZRZHQXUW\UR]ZDD3LHUZV]\]QLFKRNUHODQ\MHVWOR]RQHXURQDXNDGUXJLQHXUROR]R3RZLHU]FKRZQLHSRG]LDWHQZ\GDMHVLRGSRZLDGDUR]UyQLHQLXSRPLG]\OR]RQDXNLDOR]RZQDXFH]DSURSRQRZDQHPXSU]H]0LFKDD+HOOHUD)LOR]RDQHXURQDXNRGSRZLDGDZLFOR]RLQDXNL:OR]RLQHXURQDXNEDGDQHVWDNLH]DJDGQLHQLDMDNSU]\NDGRZRSUREOHPZ\MDQLHQLDQDXNRZHJRSUREOHPUHGXNFMLSRPLG]\WHRULDPLQDXNRZ\PLQDOHF\PLGRUyQ\FK

    -%LFNOH30DQGLN$/DQGUHWK 7KH3KLORVRSK\RI 1HXURVFLHQFH>Z@6WDQIRUG(QF\FORSHGLDRI 3KLORVRSK\UHG(1=DOWDKWWSSODWRVWDQIRUGHGXHQWULHVQHXURVFLHQFH3RUWDNH:3*U\JLHO0HWRGRORJLF]QHDVSHNW\XSUDZLDQLDOR]RLXP\VXZ NRQWHNFLHQDXNNRJQLW\ZQ\FK ZQLQLHMV]\PWRPLHRUD]%%URHN3KLORVRSK\,Q1HXURVFLHQFH>Z@3KLORVRSK\LQ6FLHQFH0HWKRGVDQG$SSOLFDWLRQV UHG%%URHN-0F]ND:3*U\JLHO&RSHUQLFXV&HQWHU3UHVV.UDNyZ0+HOOHU-DNPROLZDMHVWOR]RDZQDXFH">Z@LGHP)LOR]RDL:V]HFKZLDW8QLYHUVLWDV.UDNyZV

    REOLF]DBUDFMRQDOQRVFLLQGG

  • 8/3/2019 ukasz Kurek, Neurofilozofia jako filzofia w kontekcie nauk

    2/19

    X N D V ] . X U H N

    G]LHG]LQ QDXNL F]\ ZUHV]FLH SUREOHP SR]\VNLZDQLD GDQ\FK 3RGREQH]DJDGQLHQLDVSU]HGPLRWHPEDGDSURZDG]RQ\FKZOR]RDFKLQQ\FKQDXN SU]\URGQLF]\FK V]F]HJyOQLH LQWHUHVXMFH MHVW MHGQDN WR F]\ UyZ

    QLHSRPLG]\SUREOHPDW\NQHXUROR]RF]QDSUREOHPDW\NOR]RLZNRQWHNFLHQDXNLZXMFLX 0LFKDD+HOOHUD]DFKRG]LSRGREQD RGSRZLHGQLR&HOHPQLQLHMV]HJRDUW\NXXMHVWSUyEDDQDOL]\WHJR]DJDGQLHQLD$QDOL]RZDQHEGZLFZRGQLHVLHQLXGRSUREOHPDW\NLQHXUROR]RF]QHMWU]\REV]DU\WHPDW\F]QHOR]RLZNRQWHNFLHQDXNL]DSURSRQRZDQHSU]H]+HOOHUDZS\ZLGHLOR]RF]Q\FKQDSRZVWDZDQLHLHZROXFMWHRULLQDXNRZ\FK WUDG\F\MQH OR]RF]QH SUREOHP\ XZLNDQH Z WHRULH HPSLU\F]QHRUD]OR]RF]QDUHHNVMDQDGQLHNWyU\PL]DRHQLDPLQDXNHPSLU\F]Q\FK3RQDGWRZVND]DQ\]RVWDQLHUyZQLHF]ZDUW\REV]DUWHPDW\F]Q\

    FKDUDNWHU\VW\F]Q\GODQHXUROR]RLPLDQRZLFLHZ\NRU]\VWDQLHRVLJQLQHXURQDXNZUHHNVMLQDGWUDG\F\MQ\PLSUREOHPDPLOR]RF]Q\PL

    2EV]DU\WHPDW\F]QHQHXUROR]RL

    )LOR]RZNRQWHNFLHQDXN]D0LFKDHP+HOOHUHPSRG]LHOLPRQDQDWU]\JUXS\WHPDW\F]QH

    $ZS\ZLGHLOR]RF]Q\FKQDSRZVWDZDQLHLHZROXFMWHRULLQDXNRZ\FK

    %WUDG\F\MQHOR]RF]QHSUREOHP\XZLNDQHZWHRULHHPSLU\F]QH&OR]RF]QDUHHNVMDQDGQLHNWyU\PL]DRHQLDPLQDXNHPSLU\F]Q\FK

    3RZ\V]\SRG]LDREV]DUyZWHPDW\F]Q\FKW\SRZ\FKGODOR]RLZQDXFHMHVW]GDQLHPMHJR$XWRUDMHG\QLHV]NLFRZ\3RPLPRWHJRZ\GDMHVLLXND]XMHRQMHGQH]QDMEDUG]LHMUHSUH]HQWDW\ZQ\FKREV]DUyZEDGDZF]\FKOR]RLZQDXFH:NRQWHNFLHOR]RLZ]\FHGRJUXS\]DJDGQLH$QDOH\SU]\NDGRZROR]RF]QHSU]HNRQDQLH$OEHUWD(LQVWHLQDRW\PHZLDWMHVWGHWHUPLQLVW\F]Q\LZS\ZWHJRSU]HNRQDQLDQDUR]XPLHQLHPHFKDQLNLNZDQWRZHMSU]H]DXWRUDRJyOQHMLV]F]HJyOQHMWHRULLZ]JOGQRFL'RJUXS\]DJDGQLH%]DOLF]\PRQDSUREOHPDEVROXWQHJRF]DVXLDEVROXWQHMSU]HVWU]HQLZP\OL,VDDFD1HZWRQD=NROHLGRJUXS\]DJDGQLH

    3U]\NDGDPLW\FK]DJDGQLHVRGSRZLHGQLRZ\MDQLHQLHPHFKDQLVW\F]QHMDNRPRGHOZ\MDQLHQLDZQHXURQDXNDFKUHGXNFMRQL]PD HOLPLQDW\ZL]PLQWURVSHNFMDMDNRUyGRSR]\VNLZDQLDGDQ\FK0+HOOHURSFLWV

    REOLF]DBUDFMRQDOQRVFLLQGG

  • 8/3/2019 ukasz Kurek, Neurofilozofia jako filzofia w kontekcie nauk

    3/19

    1 H X U R I L O R ] R I L D M D N R I L O R ] R I L D Z N R Q W H N F L H Q D X N L

    &QDOH\SURSRQRZDQHSU]H]0LFKDD+HOOHUD]DRHQLHRPDWHPDW\F]QRFLSU]\URG\]QDMGXMFHVLXSRGVWDZZVSyF]HVQHM]\NL

    &R V]F]HJyOQLH LQWHUHVXMFH SRZ\V]\ SRG]LD ]DVWRVRZD PRQD

    ZRGQLHVLHQLXGRSUREOHPDW\NLQHXUROR]RF]QHM:GDOV]HMNROHMQRFLSRZ\V]HREV]DU\WHPDW\F]QHSU]HGVWDZLRQH]RVWDQZLFZRGQLHVLHQLXGROR]RLZNRQWHNFLHQHXURQDXN

    :S\ZLGHLOR]RF]Q\FKQDSRZVWDZDQLH

    LHZROXFMWHRULLQHXURQDXNRZ\FK

    -HGQ\P]OHSV]\FKSU]\NDGyZWHRULLQHXURQDXNRZHMNWyUDSR]RVWDZDDSRGZ\UDQ\PZS\ZHPSRJOGyZOR]RF]Q\FKMHMWZyUF\E\DWHRULDSV\FKRQyZ]DSURSRQRZDQDSU]H]-RKQD&(FFOHVD(FFOHVE\DX

    VWUDOLMVNLPQHXUR]MRORJLHPODXUHDWHP1DJURG\1REODZG]LHG]LQLHPHG\F\Q\L]MRORJLL-HVWWRSRVWDV]F]HJyOQLHLQWHUHVXMFD]XZDJLQDWRLE\WRMHGHQ]SLHUZV]\FKOR]RIXMF\FKQHXURQDXNRZFyZ

    :,,SR;;Z(FFOHVVWZRU]\RU\JLQDOQQHXURQDXNRZWHRULXP\VXNWyUPRQDQD]ZDWHRULSV\FKRQyZ:HGXJWHMWHRULLQLHPDWHULDOQHMDNRQWDNWXMHVL]FLDHP]DSRPRFV]F]HJyOQHJRURG]DMXNRPyUHNQHUZRZ\FKQD]ZDQ\FKSV\FKRQDPL2GG]LDXMRQHQDSRGVWDZRZHNRPyUNL]QDMGXMFHVLZPy]JXNWyUH(FFOHVQD]ZDGHQGURQDPL'HQGURQ\WRQDWRPLDVW]GDQLHP(FFOHVDZL]NLQHXURQyZ.DG\]POQGHQGURQyZSRF]RQ\MHVW] MHGQ\PSV\FKRQHPEGF\PRELHNWHPF]\VWRPHQ

    WDOQ\P NWyU\ RGSRZLDGD SRMHG\QF]HPX ZLDGRPHPX GRZLDGF]HQLX=GDQLHP(FFOHVDSV\FKRQ\UyQLVLRGSR]RVWD\FKNRPyUHNZPy]JXJG\QDOHRQHGRZLDWDGXFKRZHJR7RZDQLHG]LNLDNW\ZQRFLSV\FKRQyZSRGPLRWWKHVHOIPRHNRQWURORZDIXQNFMRQRZDQLHVZRMHJRFLDD']LHMHVLWDNGODWHJRLSRGF]DVGRNRQ\ZDQLDF]\QyZ]DOHQ\FKRGZROLSV\FKRQ\RGG]LDXMQDGHQGURQ\]ZLNV]DMFFKZLORZRSRWHQFMDF]\QQRFLRZ\ QHXURQX D ZLF SUDZGRSRGRELHVWZR MHJR RGSDOHQLD3RQDGWRZVNXWHNRGG]LD\ZDQLDSRPLG]\SV\FKRQDPL]DSHZQLRQHPDME\SRGVWDZRZHFHFK\ZLDGRPRFLWDNLHMDNFKRE\MHMMHGQR

    &RUyZQLHLVWRWQHZURNXXND]DDVLNVLND 7KH6HOI DQG,WV%UDLQDXWRUVWZD-RKQD&(FFOHVDRUD].DUOD3RSSHUDNWyUDE\DSLHUZV]WDNREV]HUQSXEOLNDFMRFKDUDNWHU]HQHXUROR]RF]Q\P$XWRU]\QLHX\OLZQLHMWHUPLQXQHXUROR]RDNWyU\SRUD]SLHUZV]\SRMDZLVLGRSLHURZNVLFH3DWULFLL&KXUFKODQGSRGZ\PRZQ\PW\WXHP1HXURSKLORVRSK\MHGQDNQLHXOHJDZWSOLZRFLLUR]ZDDQLDZQLHM]DZDUWH]QDMGXMVLQDSRJUDQLF]XOR]RLRUD]QHXURQDXN-(FFOHV+RZWKH6HOI &RQWUROV,WV%UDLQ6SULQJHU9HUODJ%HUOLQSDVVLP

    REOLF]DBUDFMRQDOQRVFLLQGG

  • 8/3/2019 ukasz Kurek, Neurofilozofia jako filzofia w kontekcie nauk

    4/19

    X N D V ] . X U H N

    3XQNWHPZ\MFLDSU]\EXGRZLHWHMWHRULLE\RSU]HGHZV]\VWNLPSU]HNRQDQLHMHMDXWRUDRQLHPROLZRFL]DSURSRQRZDQLDDGHNZDWQHMNRQFHSFMLZROQHMZROLQDJUXQFLHWHRULLQDXNRZHMRFKDUDNWHU]HF]\VWR]\NDOQ\P

    -DN]DXZDD(FFOHVZ7KH+XPDQ3V\FKH&HOHP>WHMNVLNLSU]\S.@E\DGHPRQVWUDFMDZLHONLHMVL\Z\MDQLDMFHM GXDOL]PX LQWHUDNFMRQLVW\F]QHJR Z SRUyZQDQLX ] XEyVWZHP L QLHDGHNZDWQRFL UyQRURGQ\FKPDWHULDOLVW\F]Q\FKWHRULLXP\VX1LHVWZLHUG]RQRWXWDMHWDVLOQDZHUVMDGXDOL]PXLQWHUDNFMRQLVW\F]QHJRMHVWSU]H]WRXDXWHQW\F]QLRQDOHF]SU]\QDMPQLHM]DGHPRQVWURZDQH]RVWDRLMHVWRQDVSyMQDLSR]RVWDMHZJHQHUDOQHM]JRGQRFL]QDV]REHFQZLHG]QDXNRZNWyUDQLHMHVWRF]\ZLFLHGREU]H UR]ZLQLWD Z RGQLHVLHQLX GR ZLDGRPHJR GRZLDGF]HQLD3RQDGWRRVWDWQLHF]WHU\Z\NDG\XND]XMHGXDOL]PLQWHUDNFMRQLVW\F]Q\RIHUXMHLQWHUHVXMF\ZJOGZZ\V]HSR]LRP\OXG]NLHJRGRZLDGF]HQLDNWyUHQLHPRJ]RVWDSRJRG]RQH]PDWHULDOLVW\F]Q\PLWHRULDPLXP\VX0RQDWXWDMSU]\NDGRZRZVND]DUyQRURGQRZDUWRFL ZROQ ZRO RUD] SUREOHP RGSRZLHG]LDOQRFL PRUDOQHMXQLNDOQRRVRE\SRV]XNLZDQLH]QDF]HQLDRUD]QDG]LHLZNRQWHNFLHQLHXQLNQLRQHJRNRFDQDV]HJR\FLDQD]LHPL

    (FFOHVSUyEXMHZLF]DSURSRQRZDWDNHPSLU\F]QWHRULXP\VXNWyUD]MHGQHMVWURQ\E\DE\VSyMQD]SRWRF]Q\PREUD]HPZLDWD:W\PREUD]LHZLDWDSRMFLDWDNLHMDNZROQDZRODRGSRZLHG]LDOQRF]\ Z D U W R RGJU\ZDMNOXF]RZUROSRGF]DVJG\QDJUXQFLHSR]R

    VWD\FK]\NDOQ\FKNRQFHSFMLXP\VXSRVXJLZDQLHVLQLPL MHVWSR]EDZLRQHVHQVX=GUXJLHMMHGQDNVWURQ\(FFOHVSRGHMPXMHZ\VLHNXF]\QLHQLDVZRMHMWHRULLVSyMQ]QDXNRZ\PREUD]HPZLDWDUHNRQVWUXRZDQ\PQDSRGVWDZLHWHJRFRQDWHPDWZLDWDPyZLQDXNLSU]\URGQLF]H

    =XZDJLQDOR]RZNRQWHNFLHQDXNSRZ\V]HUR]ZDDQLDDXWRUD+RZWKH6HOI &RQWUROV,WV%UDLQVLQWHUHVXMFHQLHW\ONR]WHJRSRZRGXLOR]RF]QDNRQFHSFMDGXDOL]PXLQWHUDNFMRQLVW\F]QHJR]QDMGXMHVLXSRGVWDZHPSLU\F]QHMWHRULLSV\FKRQyZZNRQWHNFLHRGNU\FLDWHRULLSV\FKRQyZOR]RF]QHSRJOG\(FFOHDRGHJUD\ERZLHPQLHZWSOLZLHNOXF]RZURO,QWHUHVXMF\MHVWUyZQLHIDNWL(FFOHVWOR]RF]QNRQFHSFMUR

    ]XPLDZVSRVyESRGREQ\GRWHJRZ MDNLUR]XPLHVL WHRULHQDXNRZH%\WR]SHZQRFLVNXWHNZF]HQLHMV]HMZVSySUDF\].DUOHP3RSSHUHPNWyUD]DRZRFRZDDSXEOLNDFMNVLNL7KH6HOI DQG,WV%UDLQ

    ,GHP+XPDQ3V\FKH*LIIRUGOHFWXUHV5RXWOHGJH1HZ

  • 8/3/2019 ukasz Kurek, Neurofilozofia jako filzofia w kontekcie nauk

    5/19

    1 H X U R I L O R ] R I L D M D N R I L O R ] R I L D Z N R Q W H N F L H Q D X N L

    :NVLFHWHM]DJDGQLHQLHXP\VXRUD]MHJRUHODFML]FLDHPSRWUDNWRZDQH]RVWDRMDNRU]HF]\ZLVW\SUREOHPOR]RF]Q\DZLFQLHMDNRSVHXGRSUREOHP NWyU\ UR]ZL]D PRQD VWRVXMF MHG\QLH DQDOL] SRMFLRZ

    =DUyZQR3RSSHUMDNL(FFOHVSU]\MPXMZVSRPQLDQHVWDQRZLVNRGXDOL]PXLQWHUDNFMRQLVW\F]QHJRNWyUHUyQLVLMHGQDNRGNODV\F]QHMZHUVMLWHMNRQFHSFMLWU]HPDLVWRWQ\PLHOHPHQWDPL3RSLHUZV]HRSDUWHMHVWRQRQDV\QQHMNRQFHSFMLWU]HFKZLDWyZ3RSSHUD:HGOHWHMWHRULLZLDWSRG]LHOLPRQDQDWU]\G]LHG]LQ\ZLDWGRNWyUHJRQDOHRELHNW\]\F]QHZLDWGRNWyUHJRQDOHRELHNW\PHQWDOQHRUD]ZLDWNWyU\MHVWGRPHQRELHNWyZDEVWUDNF\MQ\FK3RGUXJLHNRQFHSFMDLQWHUDNFMRQLVW\F]QDWUDNWRZDQDMHVWMHG\QLHMDNRKLSRWH]DNURNZRGSRZLHGQLPNLHUXQNXNWyU\QLHMHVWRVWDWHF]QRGSRZLHG]LQDSUREOHP\]ZL]DQH

    ]W\PMDNLVWQLHMHXP\V7DFHFKDFKDUDNWHU\VW\F]QDMHVWZV]F]HJyOQRFLGODP\OL3RSSHUDNWyU\QLHXZDDLOR]RDSRVLDGDVRELHW\ONRZDFLZ PHWRG GRFLHUDQLD GR LVWRW\ U]HF]\ OHF] MHVWRQD NU\W\F]QDQDOL]SUREOHPyZJHQHURZDQ\FKSU]H]SRWRF]QHSU]HNRQDQLDRUD]SU]H]QDXNLSU]\URGQLF]H3RWU]HFLHLQWHUDNFMRQL]PWHQVWDQRZLSXQNWZ\MFLDGODSURSR]\FMLQHXUROR]RF]QHMNRQFHSFMLXP\VXNWyUDMHVWVSyMQD]DUyZQR]LQWHUDNFMRQL]PHPMDNL]W\PFRQDWHPDWZLDWDPyZLQDXNLSU]\URGQLF]HZV]F]HJyOQRFL]\NDRUD]QHXURQDXNL

    3RPLPRWHJRLSRZ\V]DFKDUDNWHU\VW\NDWHRULLSV\FKRQyZZVND]XMHZ\UDQLHQD]DNDGDQ\SU]H]QLGXDOL]PRQWRORJLF]Q\(FFOHVZR\ZLHOH

    Z\VLNXZWRDE\MHJRWHRULDXP\VXQLHQDUXV]DDSUDZSU]\URG\ZV]F]HJyOQRFLSUDZD]DFKRZDQLDHQHUJLL%\PRHQDMEDUG]LHMDPELWQSUyEDXVWUDOLMVNLHJRQHXUR]MRORJDZW\PNLHUXQNXE\MHJRDUW\NXQDSLVDQ\ZUD]]]\NLHP)ULHGULFKHP%HFNLHP:WHNFLHW\PDXWRU]\VWDUDMVLZ\ND]DLLQWHUDNFMDSRPLG]\XP\VHPWKHVHOIDPy]JLHPMHVWPROLZDEH]QDUXV]HQLDSLHUZV]HJRSUDZDWHUPRG\QDPLNL:\VLNLPDMFHQDFHOXXF]\QLHQLHWHRULLSV\FKRQyZNRKHUHQWQ]DUyZQR]W\PFRQDWHPDWZLDWDPyZL]\NDMDNL]W\PFRQDWHPDWPy]JXPyZLQHXURQDXNL

    &KRFLDZNUJDFKOR]RF]Q\FKNRQFHSFMDWU]HFKZLDWyZMHVWQLHW\OHV\QQDFRUDF]HMQLHVDZQD-HVWWDN]ZLHOXSRZRGyZSU]\F]\PMHGQ\P]QDMZDQLHMV]\FKZ\GDMHVLE\WHQLWUXGQDGRX]DVDGQLHQLDZ\GDMHVLE\NRQFHSFMDNWyUD]DNDGDLVWQLHQLHQLHMHGQHJROHF]GZyFKQLH]\F]Q\FKZLDWyZ.3RSSHU-(FFOHV7KH6HOI DQG,WV%UDLQ6SULQJHU9HUODJ%HUOLQSDVVLP3RU)%HFN-(FFOHV 4XDQWXP3URFHVVHVLQWKH%UDLQ$6FLHQWLF%DVLVRI &RQVFLRXVQHVV>Z@1HXUDO%DVLVRI &RQVFLRXVQHVVUHG12VDND-RKQ%HQMDPLQV3XEOLVKLQJ&R$PVWHUGDP

    REOLF]DBUDFMRQDOQRVFLLQGG

  • 8/3/2019 ukasz Kurek, Neurofilozofia jako filzofia w kontekcie nauk

    6/19

    X N D V ] . X U H N

    QLHSU]\QLRV\MHGQDNVSRG]LHZDQ\FKUH]XOWDWyZ:NRQVHNZHQFMLREHFQLHWHRULDSV\FKRQyZPDZDUWRMHG\QLHKLVWRU\F]Q

    %DGDQLD(FFOHVDGREU]HZSLVXMVLZLFZWHQREV]DUOR]RLZQDXFH

    NWyU\GRW\F]\ZS\ZXLGHLOR]RF]Q\FKQDSRZVWDZDQLHWHRULLQDXNRZ\FKSXQNWHPZ\MFLDGODW\FKEDGDE\ERZLHPVSU]HFLZZREHFZVSyF]HVQ\FK(FFOHVRZLOR]RF]Q\FKNRQFHSFMLXP\VX%\\WRNRQFHSFMHVNUDMQLHUHGXNFMRQLVW\F]QHWDNLHMDNFKRE\NRQFHSFMDLGHQW\F]QRFLXP\VXLPy]JX:VSyDXWRU7KH6HOI DQG,WV%UDLQVXV]QLHSRGQRVLLQDJUXQFLHWHJRURG]DMXNRQFHSFMLWUXGQRMHVWX]DVDGQLLVWQLHQLHZROQHMZROL8]DVDGQLHQLHWDNLHMHVWQDWRPLDVWPROLZH]GDQLHP(FFOHVDZRSDUFLXRV]F]HJyOQHJRURG]DMXNRQFHSFMLQWHUDNFMRQLVW\F]QNWyUHMUG]HQLHPMHVWWHRULDSV\FKRQyZLNWyUDPDGZDDVSHNW\OR]RF]Q\RUD]HPSLU\F]Q\-HMDVSHNWOR]RF]Q\

    XMDZQLD VL JG\ Z\NRU]\VWDQD ]RVWDMHRQD ZFHOXX]DVDGQLHQLD PROLZRFLLVWQLHQLDZROQHMZROLDVSHNWHPSLU\F]Q\XZLGDF]QLDVLQDWRPLDVWJG\(FFOHVSRGHMPXMHSUyEZVSDUFLDMHMZ\QLNDPLEDGDSU]HSURZDG]RQ\FKQDJUXQFLHQHXURQDXN.RQFHSFMDXP\VXDXVWUDOLMVNLHJRQHXUR]MRORJDMHVWZLFZ\QLNLHPDQDOL]SDUH[FHOOHQFHQHXUROR]RF]Q\FK]QDMGXMF\FKVLQDSRJUDQLF]XOR]RLRUD]QHXURQDXN

    7UDG\F\MQHOR]RF]QHSUREOHP\XZLNDQH

    ZWHRULHQHXURQDXNRZH

    'UXJLP REV]DUHP WHPDW\F]Q\PQHXUROR]RL MHVW DQDOL]D WUDG\F\MQ\FKSUREOHPyZOR]RF]Q\FKXZLNDQ\FKZWHRULHQHXURQDXNRZH&LHNDZ\PSU]\NDGHPWDNLHJRSUREOHPXMHVWSUREOHPZLDGRPRFLNWyU\ZRVWDWQLFKGHNDGDFKGRF]HNDVLV]F]HJyOQHMXZDJL]HVWURQ\QHXURQDXN2LOHWUDG\F\MQLHSUREOHPWHQXZDDQ\E\]DSUREOHPOR]RF]Q\WRZ]ZL]NX]XGRVNRQDOHQLHPPHWRGEDGDZF]\FKQHXURQDXNSU]H]ZLHOXEDGDF]\XZDDQ\MHVWRQREHFQLH]DSUREOHPNWyU\SRGMPRJQDXNLSU]\URGQLF]HZV]F]HJyOQRFLQHXURELRORJLD

    1HXURQDXNRZHEDGDQLDGRW\F]FHZLDGRPRFLVSURZDG]DMVLREHFQLH QDMF]FLHM GR SRV]XNLZD QHXURQDOQ\FK NRUHODWyZ ZLDGRPRFL

    1.=D'DYLGHP&KDOPHUVHPNRUHODW\WHPRQDRNUHOLQDVWSXMFR1HXURQDOQ\V\VWHP1MHVW1.MHOLVWDQ1NRUHVSRQGXMHEH]SRUHGQLR]HVWDQDPLZLDGRPRFL

    '&KDOPHUV:KDWLVD1HXUDO&RUUHODWHRI &RQVFLRXVQHVV">Z@ 1HXUDO&RUUHODWHVRI &RQVFLRXVQHVVUHG70HW]LQJHU7KH0,73UHVV&DPEULGJHV

    REOLF]DBUDFMRQDOQRVFLLQGG

  • 8/3/2019 ukasz Kurek, Neurofilozofia jako filzofia w kontekcie nauk

    7/19

    1 H X U R I L O R ] R I L D M D N R I L O R ] R I L D Z N R Q W H N F L H Q D X N L

    3RZ\V]DFKDUDNWHU\VW\ND1.MHVWRF]\ZLFLHEDUG]RRJyOQD:V]F]HJyOQRFLVSUHF\]RZDQLDZ\PDJDWHUPLQVWDQZLDGRPRFL-DN]DXZDD&KDOPHUVWHUPLQWHQPRHSRVLDGDFRQDMPQLHMWU]\]QDF]HQLD3RSLHUZ

    V]HVWDQHPZLDGRPRFLPRHE\VWDQE\FLDZLDGRP\P-HVWWRQDMEDUG]LHMRJyOQH]QDF]HQLHWHJRWHUPLQXLZRSDUFLXRQLHSRV]XNLZDQLD1.VSURZDG]DVLEGGRSUyERGQDOH]LHQLDWDNLHJRV\VWHPXQHXURQDOQHJR1NWyU\NRUHVSRQGXMH]HVWDQHPE\FLDZLDGRP\PDQLHNRUHVSRQGXMH]HVWDQHPZNWyU\PZLDGRPRQLHSRMDZLDVL3RGUXJLHVWDQHPZLDGRPRFLPRHE\SRGVWDZRZ\VWDQZLDGRPRFLEDFNJURXQG VWDWHRI FRQVFLRXVQHVV7DNLHSRGVWDZRZHVWDQ\WRSU]\NDGRZRVHQF]XZDQLHF]\E\FLHZVWDQLHKLSQR]\:RSDUFLXRWR]QDF]HQLHDQDOL]RZDQHJRWHUPLQXSRV]XNLZDQLD1.EGSROHJD\QDRGQDOH]LHQLXWDNLHJRV\VWHPXQHXURQDOQHJR1NWyU\

    NRUHVSRQGXMHSU]\NDGRZR]HVWDQHPF]XZDQLDDQLHNRUHVSRQGXMH]LQQ\PLVWDQDPLSRGVWDZRZ\PL3RWU]HFLHVWDQZLDGRPRFLPRHR]QDF]DNRQNUHWQWUHZLDGRPHJRGRZLDGF]HQLDWDNMDNWUHGRZLDGF]HQLDEyOXGRZLDGF]HQLDZ]URNRZHJRF]\WUHZLDGRPHMP\OL:RSDUFLXRWR]QDF]HQLHVWDQXZLDGRPRFLZVND]DQLH1.SROHJDQDRGZRDQLXVLGRWDNLHJRV\VWHPXQHXURQDOQHJRNWyU\NRUHVSRQGXMH]HZLDGRP\PGRZLDGF]HQLHPSRVLDGDMF\PRGSRZLHGQLWUH7RZDQLHSRV]XNLZDQLDWHJRURG]DMX1.Z\GDMVLQDMFLHNDZV]H

    3DUDG\JPDW\F]Q\PSU]\NDGHPSRV]XNLZDQLD1.ZWU]HFLP]Z\PLHQLRQ\FK]QDF]HVEDGDQLDSU]HSURZDG]RQHQDPDNDNDFKSU]H]1L

    NRVD/RJRWKHWLVDRUD]MHJRZVSySUDFRZQLNyZ3U]HGSU]HSURZDG]HQLHPW\FKEDGDPDS\VWUHQRZDQHDE\QDFLVND\SU]HF]QLNZV\WXDFMLZNWyUHMVSRVWU]HJDMRQHRNUHORQHREUD]\WDNLHMDNNUDW\XRRQHKRU\]RQWDOQLHOXEZHUW\NDOQLHF]\WZDU]H3R]DNRF]HQLXWUHQLQJXPDNDNRPSRND]XMHVLGZDREUD]\SRMHGQ\PNDGHPXRNX:RGSRZLHG]LPDS\QDFLVNDMSU]HF]QLNLLQIRUPXMFW\PVDP\PFRZLG]3U]\NDGRZRPRJWRE\NUDW\XRRQHZHUW\NDOQLHDOERKRU\]RQWDOQLH:F]DVLHWHJRHNVSHU\PHQWXQHXURQ\ZNRU]HEDGDQ\FKPDSPRQLWRURZDQHVSU]H]HOHNWURG\5H]XOWDW\W\FKHNVSHU\PHQWyZXND]XMLDNW\ZQRQHXURQyZ

    ZUHJLRQLHZPy]JXRNUHODQ\PMDNRGROQDNRUDVNURQLRZDLQIHULRUWHPSRUDOFRUWH[,7&MHVWVLOQLHVNRUHORZDQD]SRVWU]HJDQLHPUyQLHXRRQ\FKNUDW.LHG\PDSDQDFLVNDSU]HF]QLNRGSRZLDGDMF\SHUFHSFMLNUDW

    ,ELGHPV3RU1/RJRWKHWLV6LQJOH8QLWDQG&RQVFLRXV9LVLRQ3KLORVRSKLFDO7UDQVDFWLRQVRI5R\DO6RFLHW\%QRV

    REOLF]DBUDFMRQDOQRVFLLQGG

  • 8/3/2019 ukasz Kurek, Neurofilozofia jako filzofia w kontekcie nauk

    8/19

    X N D V ] . X U H N

    XRRQ\FKKRU\]RQWDOQLHXDNW\ZQLDRNUHORQ\REV]DU,7&QDWRPLDVWJG\QDFLQLW\ ]RVWDMH SU]HF]QLN RGSRZLDGDMF\ SHUFHSFML NUDW XRRQ\FKZHUW\NDOQLHXDNW\ZQLDVLLQQ\REV]DU,7&

    3RPLPRWHJRLZUH]XOWDFLHHPSLU\F]Q\FKEDGDGRW\F]F\FKQHXURQDOQ\FKNRUHODWyZZLDGRPRFLRVLJQLWRMXLQWHUHVXMFHZ\QLNLEDGDQLDWHSURZDG]GRV]HUHJXSUREOHPyZQLHW\ONRSRMFLRZ\FK]ZL]DQ\FK]HZLDGRPRFL3UREOHP\WH]RVWD\ZLQWHUHVXMF\VSRVyEVNDWHJRU\]RZDQHSU]H]'DYLGD&KDOPHUVDNWyU\ZVND]XMHQDSLREV]DUyZWHPDW\F]Q\FKZNWyU\FKSRGHMPXMHVLSUyE\RGSRZLHG]LQDQDVWSXMFHS\WDQLD

    &R]QDF]\WHUPLQZLDGRPR"&R]QDF]\WHUPLQQHXURQDOQ\NRUHODWZLDGRPRFL":MDNLVSRVyEPRQDRGQDOHQHXURQDOQ\NRUHODWZLDGRPRFL"

    &RZ\MDQLQHXURQDOQ\NRUHODWZLDGRPRFL"&]\ZLDGRPRMHVWUHGXNRZDOQDGRMHMQHXURQDOQ\FKNRUHODWyZ"

    7U]\RGSRZLHG]L&KDOPHUVDQDS\WDQLHGUXJLH]RVWD\ZVSRPQLDQHSRZ\HMS\WDQLHWU]HFLHMHVWQDWRPLDVWS\WDQLHPPHWRGRORJLF]Q\PNWyUHQDOH\UDF]HMGRREV]DUXOR]RLQHXURQDXNDQLHOR]RLZNRQWHNFLHQHXURQDXN1DWRPLDVWS\WDQLHSLHUZV]HF]ZDUWHRUD]SLWHWRW\SRZHS\WDQLDOR]RF]QHGRW\F]FHZLDGRPRFLNWyUHMHGQDNSRMDZLDMVLZNRQWHNFLHQHXURQDXNRZ\PSRGF]DVSRV]XNLZD1.3RQDGWRS\WDQLHF]ZDUWHRUD]SLWHGRW\F]OR]RF]QHJR]DRHQLDUHGXNFMRQL]PXFKDUDNWHU\VW\F]QHJR

    GODQHXURQDXN=DJDGQLHQLHWREG]LHG\VNXWRZDQHZNROHMQHMF]FLWHJRDUW\NXX:GDOV]HMNROHMQRFL WHM F]FL DUW\NXX SU]HGVWDZLRQD]RVWDQLH]ZL]D DQDOL]D WHUPLQX ZLDGRPR RUD] FKDUDNWHU\VW\ND SUREOHPyZ]MDNLPL]PLHU]\VLPXV]QHXURQDXNLSRGHMPXMFWR]DJDGQLHQLH

    1DMEDUG]LHMUXG\PHQWDUQ\SRG]LD]QDF]HQLRZ\WHUPLQXZLDGRPRUR]UyQLDMHJRGZD]QDF]HQLDZLDGRPRGRVWSXDFFHVVFRQVFLRXVQHVVRUD]ZLDGRPRIHQRPHQDOQSKHQRPHQDO FRQVFLRXVQHVVZLDGRPRGRVWSXREHMPXMHSURFHV\SR]QDZF]H]DJDGQLHQLHUHSUH]HQWDFMLRUD]NRQWURO]DFKRZDQLDZLDGRPRGRVWSXZ\PDJDQDMHVWZFHOXUDFMRQDOQHMNRQWUROLG]LDDQLD F]\ ZFHOXSRVLDGDQLDPROLZRFL UDFMRQDOQHJRP\OHQLD ZLDGRPRIHQRPHQDOQD]ZL]DQDMHVWQDWRPLDVW]HV]F]HJyOQHJRURG]DMXGRZLDGF]HQLHPSRMDZLDMF\PVLJG\SRGPLRW]QDMGXMHVLZVWDQLHZLDGRPRFLRRNUHORQHMWUHFL5R]UyQLHQLHWRMHVWRW\OHLVWRWQHLZLDGRPR

    1%ORFN2QD&RQIXVLRQ$ERXWWKH)XQFWLRQRI &RQVFLRXVQHVV%HKDYLRUDODQG%UDLQ6FLHQFHVQRV

    REOLF]DBUDFMRQDOQRVFLLQGG

  • 8/3/2019 ukasz Kurek, Neurofilozofia jako filzofia w kontekcie nauk

    9/19

    1 H X U R I L O R ] R I L D M D N R I L O R ] R I L D Z N R Q W H N F L H Q D X N L

    GRVWSX]ZL]DQDMHVWMHG\QLH]DWZ\PLSUREOHPDPLZMHMZ\MDQLHQLXQDWRPLDVWSUREOHP\WUXGQH]ZL]DQHV]HZLDGRPRFLIHQRPHQDOQ

    3UREOHP\]ZL]DQH]HZLDGRPRFLGRVWSXVDWZHJG\ZFHOXLFK

    UR]ZL]DQLDZ\VWDUF]\ZVND]DZMDNLVSRVyEUHDOL]RZDQHVRNUHORQHIXQNFMHEHKDZLRUDOQHF]\SR]QDZF]HSRGF]DVSRV]F]HJyOQ\FKSURFHVyZSR]QDZF]\FKF]\NRQWUROL]DFKRZDQLD:\MDQLHQLHW\FKIXQNFMLRSLHUDVLQDWRPLDVWQDZVND]DQLXMDNUROSU]\F]\QRZRGJU\ZDMRQHZGDQ\PV\VWHPLHSR]QDZF]\PSURZDG]FRVWDWHF]QLHGRSRMDZLHQLDVLRNUHORQHJRSURFHVXSR]QDZF]HJRF]\]DFKRZDQLD1DJUXQFLHQHXURQDXNMDNL SV\FKRORJLL RGQDOH PRQD SURSR]\FMH GRW\F]FH UROL SU]\F]\QRZHMZLHOXIXQNFMLWDNEHKDZLRUDOQ\FKMDNLSR]QDZF]\FK

    :\GDMHVLMHGQDNLWUXGQHSUREOHP\]ZL]DQH]HZLDGRPRFLIHQR

    PHQDOQQLHPRJE\UR]ZL]DQHZWHQSURVW\VSRVyE3UREOHP\WH]ZL]DQHV]VXELHNW\ZQ\PGRZLDGF]HQLHPNWyUH]DFKRG]LZZLDGRPRFLSRGPLRWXLGRNWyUHJRGRVWSPRHPLHZGURG]HLQWURVSHNFMLMHG\QLHWHQSRGPLRW:FHOX UR]ZL]DQLDWUXGQ\FKSUREOHPyZ ]ZL]DQ\FK]HZLDGRPRFL IHQRPHQDOQQDOH\ZLFZVND]DQDUHODFMNWyUDPRJDE\SRF]\SURFHV\]\F]QH]SURFHVDPLPHQWDOQ\PL]DFKRG]F\PLSRGF]DVSRVLDGDQLDGRZLDGF]HRRNUHORQHMWUHFL-HGQD]WUXGQRFLZHZVND]DQLXWHMUHODFMLELHU]HVLVWGLMHG\QGURJGRVWSXGRZLDGRPRFLIHQRPHQDOQHMMHVWLQWURVSHNFMDG]LNLNWyUHMEDGDF]Z\GDMHVLPLHGRF]\QLHQLD]RELHNWDPLRRGPLHQQ\PFKDUDNWHU]HRGRELHNWyZRZDVQRFLDFKW\ONR]\F]Q\FK

    1LHZWSOLZLH GRW\FKF]DVRZH SRV]XNLZDQLD 1. WR SLHUZV]H NURNLZNLHUXQNXVIRUPXRZDQLDSUDZG]LZLHQDXNRZHMWHRULLZLDGRPRFL-DNMHGQDNXND]XMSRZ\V]HUR]ZDDQLDQHXURQDXNRZHEDGDQLDGRW\F]FH]DJDGQLHQLDZLDGRPRFLJHQHUXMZLHOHWUDG\F\MQ\FKSUREOHPyZRFKDUDNWHU]HOR]RF]Q\PNWyUHPRJE\ZLQWHUHVXMF\VSRVyEDQDOL]RZDQHQDJUXQFLHOR]RLZNRQWHNFLHQHXURQDXN

    )LOR]RF]QDUHHNVMDQDGQLHNWyU\PL]DRHQLDPLQHXURQDXN

    .ROHMQ\PREV]DUHPWHPDW\F]Q\PQHXUROR]RLMHVWUHHNVMDQDGQLH

    NWyU\PL]DRHQLDPLQHXURQDXN-HGQ\P]QDMEDUG]LHMG\VNXWRZDQ\FK]DRHOR]RF]Q\FKQHXURQDXNMHVW]DRHQLHUHGXNFMRQL]PXZNRQWHNFLH]DJDGQLHQLDXP\VFLDRF]\WHEDUG]LHMSUHF\]\MQLHZNRQWHNFLH

    3RU'&KDOPHUV&RQVFLRXVQHVVDQG,WV3ODFHLQ1DWXUH>Z@3KLORVRSK\RI 0LQG&ODVVLFDODQG&RQWHPSRUDU\5HDGLQJVUHG'&KDOPHUV2[IRUG8QLYHUVLW\3UHVV2[IRUGV3RU&0F*LQQ&DQ:H6ROYHWKH0LQG%RG\3UREOHP">Z@3KLORVRSK\RI 0LQGRSFLWV

    REOLF]DBUDFMRQDOQRVFLLQGG

  • 8/3/2019 ukasz Kurek, Neurofilozofia jako filzofia w kontekcie nauk

    10/19

    X N D V ] . X U H N

    ]DJDGQLHQLDXP\VPy]JQDJUXQFLHQHXURQDXNSRGHMPXMHVLERZLHPQLHNLHG\SUyE\UHGXNFMLSRV]F]HJyOQ\FKIXQNFMLXP\VXGRSR]LRPXQHXURQDOQHJR-HGQDNZLHOXOR]RIyZSRGQRVLLFDNRZLWDUHGXNFMDXP\

    VXGRPy]JXDOERQLHMHVWPROLZDDOERSU]\QDMPQLHMQDSRW\NDV]HUHJWUXGQRFL:FHOXZVSDUFLDWHMWH]\SRGDMHVLUyQHDUJXPHQW\MDNFKRE\DQRPDOL]PSUDZU]G]F\FK]GDU]HQLDPLPHQWDOQ\PLF]\WHSUDNW\F]QQLHX\WHF]QRWDNLHMUHGXNFML=DJDGQLHQLHUHGXNFMRQL]PXZQHXURQDXNDFKMHVWMHGQDNQLH]Z\NOH]RRQHGODWHJRWHQDZHWQDMEDUG]LHMRJyOQDUHHNVMDQDGW\P]DRHQLHPQHXURQDXNZ\PDJDGRNRQDQLDSRG]LDX]DJDGQLHQLDUHGXNFMRQL]PXQDPQLHMV]HREV]DU\WHPDW\F]QH1DMEDUG]LHMUHSUH]HQWDW\ZQ\ SRG]LD ]DJDGQLHQLD UHGXNFMRQL]PX VSURZDG]D VL GRZVND]DQLDWU]HFKMHJRDVSHNWyZ

    5HGXNFMRQL]PPRQDZLFSRG]LHOLQDUHGXNFMRQL]PRQWRORJLF]Q\PHWRGRORJLF]Q\RUD]HSLVWHPLF]Q\LZDQLHZW\FKDVSHNWDFK]DJDGQLHQLHWRDQDOL]RZDQHMHVWQDMF]FLHMZ]ZL]NX]QHXURQDXNDPL5HGXNFMRQL]PRQWRORJLF]Q\]DNDGDLQLHQDOH\SRVWXORZDNDWHJRULLE\WyZSRQDGSRWU]HE2SLHUDVLRQQDPHWD]\F]Q\P]DRHQLXLRELHNW\ZDVQRFL RUD] ]GDU]HQLD ]DFKRG]FH Z ZLHFLH PRQD]UHGXNRZDGRMHGQHM VXEVWDQFMLGODWHJR WH VWDQRZLVNR WRE\ZDQDMF]FLHMQD]\ZDQHPRQL]PHP6XEVWDQFMGRNWyUHMQDMF]FLHMUHGXNRZDQHVZVSRPQLDQHRELHNW\ZDVQRFLRUD]]GDU]HQLDMHVWPDWHULD:NRQWHNFLHQHXURQDXNRELHNW\ZDVQRFLF]\]GDU]HQLDPHQWDOQHUHGXNRZDQHVGRRGSRZLHG

    QLFKSURFHVyZF]\VWDQyZPy]JX7HJRURG]DMXUHGXNFMRQL]PMHVWQLHZWSOLZLHSRZV]HFKQLHSU]\MPRZDQ\ZEDGDQLDFKQHXURQDXNRZ\FKFKRFLDQDMF]FLHMMHVWSU]\MPRZDQ\LPSOLFLWH

    3R]D UHGXNFMRQL]PHP RQWRORJLF]Q\P UyZQLH L UHGXNFMRQL]P PHWRGRORJLF]Q\PRQDRNUHOLMDNR]DRHQLHFKDUDNWHU\VW\F]QHGODQHXURQDXN5HGXNFMRQL]PWHQVWDQRZL]UHV]WNRQLHF]QH]DRHQLHNDGHJRSU]HGVLZ]LFLDQDXNRZHJRJG\Z\UDDRQ]DVDGLEDGDQH]MDZLVNRSRZLQQRE\WUDNWRZDQHWDNMDNE\PRJRE\RQRZ\MDQLRQH]DSRPRFPHWRG\QDXNRZHM']LNL]DVWRVRZDQLXPHWRG\QDXNRZHMQDJUXQFLH

    3UyE\WHFKDUDNWHU\VW\F]QHVZV]F]HJyOQRFLGODQHXURQDXNLSR]QDZF]HMFRJQLWLYHQHXURVFLHQFHRUD]VSRHF]QHMVRFLDOQHXURVFLHQFH3RU''DYLGVRQ0HQWDO(YHQWV>Z@3KLORVRSK\RI 0LQGRSFLWV3RU-)RGRU6SHFLDO6FLHQFHVRU7KH'LVXQLW\RI 6FLHQFHDVD:RUNLQJ+\SRWKHVLV>Z@3KLORVRSK\RI 0LQGRSFLWV3RU+:DOWHU1HXURSKLORVRSK\RI )UHH:LOO7KH0,73UHVV&DPEULGJHV

    REOLF]DBUDFMRQDOQRVFLLQGG

  • 8/3/2019 ukasz Kurek, Neurofilozofia jako filzofia w kontekcie nauk

    11/19

  • 8/3/2019 ukasz Kurek, Neurofilozofia jako filzofia w kontekcie nauk

    12/19

    X N D V ] . X U H N

    UHGXNFMRQL]PXHSLVWHPLF]QHJRZ\ZRG]LVL]SRVWXORZDQ\FKZODWDFKRUD];;ZWHRULLLGHQW\F]QRFLGRW\F]F\FKXP\VXRUD]Py]JX&HFKFKDUDNWHU\VW\F]QW\FKWHRULLE\RXWRVDPLHQLHXP\VX]Py]JLHP

    %\PRHQDMV\QQLHMV]WH]]ZROHQQLNyZWHRULLLGHQW\F]QRFLMHVWVWZLHUG]HQLHLEyOWRQLFLQQHJRMDNW\ONRDNW\ZQRZyNLHQ&ZPy]JX7DNLHVWDQRZLVNRV]\ENRX]QDQH]RVWDRMHGQDN]DZ\MWNRZRWUXGQHGRXWU]\PDQLDFKRE\]XZDJLQDIDNWLZF]DVLHRGF]XZDQLDSU]H]F]RZLHNDEyOXZPy]JX]DFKRG]LRZLHOHZLFHM]GDU]HQLVDPDDNW\ZQRZyNLHQ&'ODWHJRWHSRJOG\UHGXNFMRQLVWyZHSLVWHPLF]Q\FKHZROXRZD\ZNLHUXQNXPDWHULDOL]PXHOLPLQDF\MQHJRNWyU\]DNDGDLHOLPLQDFMDSRWRF]QHMWHRULLVWDQyZPHQWDOQ\FKW]ZIRONSV\FKRORJ\]NWyUHMNRU]\VWDOR]RDF]\SV\FKRORJLDVWDQLHVLPROLZD]FKZLOJG\QHXURQDXNLRVLJQ

    RGSRZLHGQLVWRSLHUR]ZRMX(OLPLQDW\ZLVWDPLNLHURZDRSU]HNRQDQLHLIRONSV\FKRORJ\MHVWWHRUL]E\WQLHGRVNRQDSHQQLHSUHF\]\MQRFLLEGyZXERJZNDWHJRULHDZVNXWHNWHJRQLHURNXMFDGQ\FKV]DQVQDMDNLNROZLHNSRVWSZEDGDQLDFKGRW\F]F\FKSURFHVyZPHQWDOQ\FK5HGXNFMRQLFLXZDDMLMHVWWRSRSURVWXWHRULDIDV]\ZDDQLHGRVWU]HHQLHWHJRIDNWXZ\QLND]H]E\WZLHONLHJR]DDQJDRZDQLDOR]RIyZZVSRU\GRW\F]FHX\FLDM]\NDDQDOL]\SRMFLRZHMSUREOHPXLGHQW\F]QRFLF]\EGyZNDWHJRULDOQ\FKSU]\ MHGQRF]HVQ\P LJQRURZDQLX RVLJQL QHXURQDXN 'RW\FKF]DVRZHSU]\ZL]DQLHVLGRWHMWHRULLMHVW]GDQLHPHOLPLQDW\ZLVWyZMHG\QLHHIHNWHPMHMZLHORZLHNRZHJRRERZL]\ZDQLD7HJRURG]DMXUHGXNFMRQL]PRNUHOL

    PRQDMDNREDUG]RUDG\NDOQ\JG\SURZDG]LQLHW\OHGRUHGXNFMLWHRULLGRW\F]F\FKVWDQyZPHQWDOQ\FK]QDMGXMF\FKVLQDZ\V]\PSR]LRPLHRJyOQRFLZVWRVXQNXGRQHXURQDXNOHF]GRLFKFDNRZLWHMHOLPLQDFML

    5yZQLHLWRVWDQRZLVNRRND]DRVLMHGQDNQLH]Z\NOHWUXGQHGRXWU]\PDQLDZVNXWHNF]HJRPDWHULDOLFLHOLPLQDF\MQLRVDELOLVZRMHSRVWXODW\2EHFQLHQLHQHJXMMXRQLNRQLHF]QRFLEDGDQLDVWDQyZPHQWDOQ\FKQDZHW]Z\NRU]\VWDQLHPM]\NDIRONSV\FKRORJ\(OLPLQDW\ZLFL

    -DNVLRND]XMHQDZHWMHOLOR]RIRZLHZVZRLFKDQDOL]DFKGRW\F]F\FK]ZL]NXXP\VX

    LFLDDRJUDQLF]DOLVLMHG\QLHGRDQDOL]\X\FLDM]\NDSRWRF]QHJRF]\WHEDUG]LHMZ\UDQRZDQHMDQDOL]\SRMFLRZHMPRQDZ\ND]DLF]VWRSUHVXSRQRZDOLRQLRNUHORQHUR]VWU]\JQLFLDVXEVWDQFMDOQHGRW\F]FHWHJR]ZL]NXSRU'$UPVWURQJ&DXVDO7KHRU\RI 0LQG>Z@3KLORVRSK\RI 0LQGRSFLWV'REU\PLSU]\NDGDPLVZW\PNRQWHNFLHNRQFHSFMDSyQHJR:LWWJHQVWHLQDF]\WHNRQFHSFMD5\OHDNWyU\PF]VWR]DU]XFDVLSRJOG\EHKDZLRUDOQH1DZHWMHOLOR]RIRZLHFLRGFLQDOLVLRGWDNLFKZQLRVNyZMDNWRPDPLHMVFHFKRE\ZSU]\SDGNX5\OHDMHJR7KH&RQFHSWRI 0LQGPDZ\UDQLHEHKDZLRUDOQZ\PRZ3RU3&KXUFKODQG3UREOHPXP\VXLFLDDRSFLWV3RULGHP(QJLQHRI 5HDVRQ6HDWRI WKH6RXO7KH0,73UHVV&DPEULGJHV

    REOLF]DBUDFMRQDOQRVFLLQGG

  • 8/3/2019 ukasz Kurek, Neurofilozofia jako filzofia w kontekcie nauk

    13/19

    1 H X U R I L O R ] R I L D M D N R I L O R ] R I L D Z N R Q W H N F L H Q D X N L

    ZVND]XMLRSLV\SURFHVyZPHQWDOQ\FKQDSR]LRPLHSV\FKRORJLF]Q\PPRJDQDZHWSRZLQQ\E\Z\NRU]\VWDQHSU]H]QHXURQDXNL1LHPDSU]HFLHZWSOLZRFLFRGRIDNWXLSURFHV\WHU]HF]\ZLFLHLVWQLHMDLFK

    RSLVZM]\NXIRON SV\FKRORJ\ PRHE\SU]\QDMPQLHMGREU\PSXQNWHPZ\MFLDZEDGDQLDFK6WDQRZLVNRWRZFLRSLHUDVLMHGQDNQD]DRHQLXLSU]\QDMPQLHMFRGR]DVDG\PROLZHMHVWZ\WXPDF]HQLHSURFHVyZPHQWDOQ\FK]DSRPRFWHRULLQHXURQDXNRZ\FK

    .RQVHNZHQFM SU]\MFLD UHGXNFMRQL]PX HSLVWHPLF]QHJR Z QHXURQDXNDFKMHVWZLFWH]DLSU]\QDMPQLHMFRGR]DVDG\LVWQLHMHPROLZRHOLPLQDFML SRWRF]Q\FK SRM GRW\F]F\FK SURFHVyZ PHQWDOQ\FK L WHRULLZ\NRU]\VWXMF\FKWHSRMFLDRUD]]DVWSLHQLHLFKQRZ\PLGRW\FKF]DVMHV]F]HQLH]E\WV]HURNRUR]SRZV]HFKQLRQ\PLSRMFLDPLLWHRULDPL]]DNUHVXQHXURQDXN7DNDZFLMHV]F]HPRFQRUHGXNFMRQLVW\F]QDVWUDWHJLDQDUDRQDMHVWMHGQDNQDV]HUHJ]DU]XWyZ3U]HGHZV]\VWNLPGODWHJRLQLHZV]\VWNLHWHUPLQ\SV\FKRORJLF]QH]ZL]DQH]IXQNFMRQRZDQLHPXP\VXGDM VL DWZR ]UHGXNRZD GR WHUPLQyZ QHXURQDXNRZ\FK $UJXPHQW\WDNLHSRGQRV]]ZROHQQLF\SU]\MFLDNRQFHSFMLVDERUHGXNFMRQLVW\F]QHMNWyU]\RGU]XFDMPROLZRFDNRZLWHMUHGXNFMLWHRULLSV\FKRORJLF]Q\FKF]\OR]RF]Q\FKGRWHRULLQHXURQDXNRZ\FK

    =ZROHQQLF\ QHXUROR]RL VDER UHGXNFMRQLVW\F]QHM GRVWU]HJDM LUHGXNFMDHSLVWHPRORJLF]QDSRPLG]\WHRULDPLMHVWQLH]Z\NOHSUREOHPDW\F]QD7ZLHUG]RQLLZZLHOXSU]\SDGNDFKWHRULHNWyUHRSLVXMSURFH

    V\PHQWDOQHLNWyUHIXQNFMRQXMZOR]RLLSV\FKRORJLLQLHGDMVLWDNDWZR]UHGXNRZDGRWHRULLGRW\F]F\FKIXQNFMRQRZDQLDPy]JX3U]HFLZNRUHGXNFMRQL]PRZLHSLVWHPRORJLF]QHPXZ\VXZDVL]D]Z\F]DMGZDDUJXPHQW\ 3LHUZV]\] QLFK SROHJDQDZVND]DQLX WUXGQRFL ]ZL]DQ\FK]UHGXNFMZLDGRPRFLIHQRPHQDOQHMGRIXQNFMRQRZDQLDPy]JXRF]\PZVSRPQLDQRMXSRZ\HM'UXJLVSURZDG]DVLQDWRPLDVWGR]ZUyFHQLDXZDJLQDSUREOHP\]RJyOQUHGXNFMWHRULLGRW\F]F\FKIXQNFMRQRZDQLDXP\VXGRWHRULLGRW\F]F\FKIXQNFMRQRZDQLDPy]JX

    7HQDUJXPHQWSU]HFLZNRUHGXNFMRQL]PRZLHSLVWHPLF]QHPXRSLHUDVLQD]DRHQLXL]UHGXNRZDQLHWHRULLREHFQ\FKZQDXNDFKV]F]HJyRZ\FK

    GRMHGQHMQDMEDUG]LHMSRGVWDZRZHMWHRULLQDSRW\NDLVWRWQHWUXGQRFL$UJXPHQWWHQ ]RVWDQDMOHSLHMSU]HGVWDZLRQ\ SU]H] 'RQDOGD 'DYLGVRQD=ZUyFLRQXZDJLSUDZDNWyUHU]G]SURFHVDPLPHQWDOQ\PLWUXGQRMHVWSU]HGVWDZLZWDNLHMIRUPLHZMDNLHMZ\VWSXMRQHZQDXNDFKWDNLFK

    3RU''DYLGVRQRSFLWV

    REOLF]DBUDFMRQDOQRVFLLQGG

  • 8/3/2019 ukasz Kurek, Neurofilozofia jako filzofia w kontekcie nauk

    14/19

    X N D V ] . X U H N

    MDNFKRE\]\ND'DYLGVRQXZDDLSRPLPRXWRVDPLHQLDHJ]HPSODU]\]GDU]HPHQWDOQ\FK]HJ]HPSODU]DPL]GDU]HQHXURQDOQ\FKRGQDOH]LHQLHFLV\FKSUDZSV\FKR]\F]Q\FKQDSRW\NDZLHOHSUREOHPyZ)LOR]RIWHQ

    RGZRXMHVLGRWHRULLLGHQW\F]QRFL]GDU]HPHQWDOQ\FKL]GDU]H]\NDOQ\FK]DFKRZXMFMHGQDNHV]F]HJyOQ\VWDWXVW\FKSLHUZV]\FK.RQVHNZHQFMWDNLHJRVWDQRZLVNDMHVWVWZLHUG]HQLHLFHFK]GDU]HPHQWDOQ\FKMHVWLFKDQRPDOQR$QRPDOQRSROHJDZDQLHQDQLHPROLZRFLVIRUPXRZDQLDSUDZNWyU\PPLD\E\RQHSRGOHJD$UJXPHQW'DYLGVRQDQDU]HF]WHMWH]\]UHNRQVWUXRZDPRQDZQDVWSXMF\VSRVyE

    3U]\QDMPQLHMQLHNWyUH]GDU]HQLDPHQWDOQHRGG]LDXMSU]\F]\QRZR]H]GDU]HQLDPL]\NDOQ\PL]DRHQLHLQWHUDNFMLSU]\F]\QRZHMSRPLG]\]GDU]HQLDPLQDOHF\PLGRW\FKGZyFKNDWHJRULL

    =GDU]HQLD VWRMFH GR VLHELH Z UHODFML VNXWHN SU]\F]\QD SRGOHJDMFLV\PSUDZRPWDNLPVDP\PMDNLPSRGOHJDM]GDU]HQLD]\NDOQH*G]LHMHVWSU]\F]\QDWDPPXVLE\FLVHSUDZR]DRHQLHRQRPRORJLF]Q\PFKDUDNWHU]HSU]\F]\QRZRFL

    1LHLVWQLHMDQLFLVHSUDZDSV\FKRORJLF]QHDQLFLVHSUDZDSV\FKR]\F]QH]DRHQLHDQRPDOL]PX]MDZLVNXP\VRZ\FK

    3XQNWHPZ\MFLDGOD'DYLGVRQDMHVW]DRHQLHLMHOLRVRED$SRVLDGDRNUHORQ\ VWDQPHQWDOQ\ WRWDNL VWDQPHQWDOQ\MHVW LGHQW\F]Q\]RNUHORQ\P]GDU]HQLHPZMHMPy]JX-HGQDNHWHQVDPVWDQPHQWDOQ\XWHMVDPHM

    RVRE\OHF]ZLQQ\PF]DVLHOXEWHXLQQ\FKRVyEPRHRGSRZLDGDLQQHPXVWDQRZLPy]JX'DOHMSU]\MPXMHVLLVWQLHQLH]ZL]NXSU]\F]\QRZHJRSRPLG]\]GDU]HQLDPLPHQWDOQ\PLRUD]]\F]Q\PL.ROHMQ\NURNVWDQRZL]DRHQLHLSU]\F]\QRZRZ\PDJDDE\LVWQLD\FLVHSUDZDNWyU\PSRGSRU]GNRZDQHV]GDU]HQLDPHQWDOQH,ZUHV]FLH]DNDGDVLLQLHLVWQLHMFLVHSUDZDNWyU\PSRGOHJD\E\]GDU]HQLDPHQWDOQHLGRNWyU\FKPRQDE\E\RVLRGZRDZFHOXSUHG\NFMLLZ\MDQLHQLD]GDU]HQLDPHQWDOQHJR

    0RQDZVND]DLQQHSUREOHP\]ZL]DQH]PROLZRFLVIRUPXRZDQLDFLV\FKSUDZSV\FKR]\F]Q\FK WDNLH MDN SODVW\F]QR Py]JX Z SU]\SDGNX XV]NRG]HQLD SHZQ\FKF]FLPy]JXQLHXV]NRG]RQHF]FLPRJSU]HMUROXV]NRG]RQ\FKF]\WHOLF]QHWUXGQRFLZHZVND]DQLXREV]DUyZPy]JXNWyUHVRGSRZLHG]LDOQH]DRNUHORQHIXQNFMHXP\VXJG\QDMF]FLHMSRGF]DVZ\NRQ\ZDQLDRNUHORQ\FK]DGDDNW\ZQ\FKMHVWZLHOHREV]DUyZPy]JXSU]\F]\PMHGQH]QLFKZ\ND]XMZLNV]DLQQHPQLHMV]DNW\ZQR$UJXPHQW'DYLGVRQDVWDMHVLMHGQDNSUREOHPDW\F]Q\MHOLSU]\MPLHVLLSUDZDSV\FKR]\F]QHUR]XPLDQHEGQLHMDNRFLVHOHF]VSURZDG]DMFHVLMHG\QLHGRZVND]DQLDSHZQ\FKNRUHODFMLSRPLG]\Z\VWSRZDQLHPSURFHVyZPHQWDOQ\FKD Z\VWSRZDQLHP

    REOLF]DBUDFMRQDOQRVFLLQGG

  • 8/3/2019 ukasz Kurek, Neurofilozofia jako filzofia w kontekcie nauk

    15/19

    1 H X U R I L O R ] R I L D M D N R I L O R ] R I L D Z N R Q W H N F L H Q D X N L

    =DRHQLHRW\PLDNW\ZQRXP\VXVSURZDG]LPRQDGRDNW\ZQRFLPy]JXMHVWZLF]DRHQLHPSU]\QDMPQLHMZMHJRDVSHNFLHRQWRORJLF]Q\PRUD]PHWRGRORJLF]Q\PSU]\MPRZDQ\PZQHXURQDXNDFKUDF]HM

    SRZV]HFKQLH6SRU\GRW\F]SU]HGHZV]\VWNLPPROLZRFLUHGXNFMLHSLVWHPLF]QHM=XZDJLQDWRLPROLZRWHJRURG]DMXUHGXNFMLXP\VXGRPy]JXMHVW]DRHQLHPSU]\QDMPQLHMQDFKZLOREHFQRFKDUDNWHU]HOR]RF]Q\PG\VNXVMDGRW\F]FDWHJR]DJDGQLHQLDSRGHMPRZDQDMHVWZREUELHOR]RLZNRQWHNFLHQHXURQDXN

    :\NRU]\VWDQLHRVLJQLQHXURQDXNZUHHNVML

    QDGWUDG\F\MQ\PLSUREOHPDPLOR]RF]Q\PL

    3R]DSRZ\V]\PLREV]DUDPLWHPDW\F]Q\PLQHXUROR]RLZMHMREU

    ELHPRQDZVND]DMHV]F]HMHGHQLQWHUHVXMF\NLHUXQHNEDGD0LDQRZLFLHFRUD] F]FLHM Z\QLNL HNVSHU\PHQWyZ QHXURQDXNRZ\FK Z\NRU]\VW\ZDQHVZUHHNVMLQDGWUDG\F\MQ\PLSUREOHPDPLOR]RF]Q\PL7HQREV]DUWHPDW\F]Q\UyQLVLRGRPyZLRQ\FKSRZ\HMREV]DUyZW\PLSXQNWHPZ\MFLDZUR]ZDDQLDFKQLHMHVWUHHNVMDQDGQHXURQDXNDPLLFKNRQWHNVWHPRGNU\FLD]DRHQLDPLF]\XZLNDQ\PLZQLHSUREOHPDPLOR]RF]Q\PLOHF]GDQ\SUREOHPOR]RF]Q\1LHNLHG\QDZHWSUREOHPWHQMHVW]ZL]DQ\]W\PLQDXNDPLEH]SRUHGQLR'RSLHURZGDOV]HMNROHMQRFLMDNRDUJXPHQW]DRNUHORQ\PVWDQRZLVNLHPZVSRU]HRWHQSUREOHPZ\NRU]\VW\ZDQHVZ\QLNLEDGDQHXURQDXNRZ\FK3U]\NDGRZHSUREOHP\OR]RF]QHNWyUHE\\EDGDQHZWHQVSRVyEWRSUREOHPZROQHMZROLSUREOHPQDWXU\OXG]NLHMF]\WHSUREOHP\ZREUELHHW\NLQRUPDW\ZQHM:GDOV]HMNROHMQRFLSU]HGVWDZLRQH]RVWDQLHVWDQRZLVNR-RVKX\*UHHQHDNWyU\Z\NRU]\VWXMHEDGDQLDQHXURQDXNMDNRMHGHQ]DUJXPHQWyZSU]HFLZNRGHRQWRORJL]PRZLNWyU\MHVWMHGQ\P]GZyFKSRGVWDZRZ\FKVWDQRZLVNZHW\FHQRUPDW\ZQHM

    3RGVWDZRZHVWDQRZLVNDZHW\FHQRUPDW\ZQHMWRNRQVHNZHQFMRQDOL]PRUD]GHRQWRORJL]P5yQLFDSRPLG]\W\PLVWDQRZLVNDPLVSURZDG]DVL

    SURFHVyZQHXURQDOQ\FK7DNWZLHUG]LFKRE\-DHJZRQ.LPNWyU\SRGQRVLLQDZHWMHOLSUDZDSV\FKR]\F]QHQLHPRJ]RVWD]UHGXNRZDQHGRFLV\FKSUDZZ]RURZDQ\FKQDSUDZDFK]\NLWRQDJUXQFLHPRQL]PXDQRPDOQHJRZFLPRQDSRVWXORZDUHGXNFMW\FKSUDZGRQLHFLV\FKSUDZREHFQ\FKZLQQ\FKQDXNDFKWDNLFKMDNFKRE\QHXURELRORJLDSRU-.LP&DQ6XSHUYHQLHQFHDQG1RQ6WULFW/DZV6DYH$QRPDORXV0RQLVP">Z@0HQWDO&DXVDWLRQUHG-+HLO$0HOH2[IRUG8QLYHUVLW\3UHVV2[IRUGV&KRFLDQLHVWRMHG\QHVWDQRZLVNDQDW\PREV]DU]HHW\NL:RVWDWQLFKGHNDGDFKURVQF\P]DLQWHUHVRZDQLHPFLHV]\VLUyZQLHHW\NDFQyW

    REOLF]DBUDFMRQDOQRVFLLQGG

  • 8/3/2019 ukasz Kurek, Neurofilozofia jako filzofia w kontekcie nauk

    16/19

    X N D V ] . X U H N

    GRUyQ\FKX]DVDGQLHGODF]HJRGDQ\F]\QSRZLQLHQE\X]QDQ\]DGREU\EG]\.RQVHNZHQFMRQDOL]P]DNDGDLRFHQDWDSRZLQQDVSURZDG]DVLMHG\QLHGRRFHQ\NRQVHNZHQFMLGDQHJRF]\QXGHRQWRORJL]P]DNDGDQD

    WRPLDVWLRFHQDWDSRZLQQDXZ]JOGQLDF]\GDQ\F]\Q]RVWDGRNRQDQ\Z]JRG]LH]SUDZDPLLRERZL]NDPLNWyUHSRVLDGDMSRGPLRW\PRUDOQH

    5yQLFHSRPLG]\W\PLVWDQRZLVNDPLSURZDG]GRUyQ\FKRFHQWHJRVDPHJR F]\QX F]\ RNUHORQ\FK SUDNW\N VSRHF]Q\FK -HGQ\P ] OHSV]\FKSU]\NDGyZVZW\PNRQWHNFLHUyQHX]DVDGQLHQLDZ\PLHU]HQLDNDU\]DZ\U]G]RQH]R1DJUXQFLHNRQVHNZHQFMRQDOL]PXNDUDSRZLQQDE\Z\PLHU]RQDZFHOXRGVWUDV]HQLDLQQ\FKRVyERGGRNRQ\ZDQLDWDNLFKF]\QyZZ\PLHU]HQLHNDU\X]DVDGQLDMZLFSR]\W\ZQHNRQVHNZHQFMHMDNLHQLHVLH]VREWDSUDNW\ND1DJUXQFLHGHRQWRORJL]PXNDUDSRZLQQDE\Z\PLHU]D

    QDZFHOXRGSDW\]DZ\U]G]RQHF]\QHP]R

    Z\PLHU]HQLHNDU\X]DVDGQLDZLFVDPRQDUXV]HQLHQRUP\VWZLHUG]DMFHMLQLHQDOH\Z\U]G]D]D:VZRMHMDQDOL]LH GRW\F]FHMGHRQWRORJL]PXSRGVWDZRZ WH]*UHHQHD

    MHVWVWZLHUG]HQLHLHW\NDGHRQWRORJLF]QDMHVWMHG\QLHUDFMRQDOL]DFMVGyZR FKDUDNWHU]H HPRFMRQDOQ\P NWyUH SRMDZLDM VL Z NRQWHNVWDFK PRUDOQ\FK8]DVDGQLHQLDLGDQ\F]\QMHVWGREU\F]\]\SURSRQRZDQHSU]H]]ZROHQQLNyZGHRQWRORJL]PXMHG\QLHSR]RUQLHRGZRXMVLGRZDVQRFLPRUDOQ\FK WHJR F]\QX : U]HF]\ZLVWRFL GHF\]MH GHRQWRORJLF]QH RSDUWHVQDSU]HVDQNDFKNWyUHV]SXQNWXZLG]HQLDPRUDOQRFLLQG\IHUHQWQH:SU]HFLZLHVWZLHGRHW\NLGHRQWRORJLF]QHMMDNWZLHUG]L*UHHQHLFRMHVW

    MHJRGUXJLVWRWQWH]ZSU]\SDGNXVGyZ]JRGQ\FK]]DRHQLDPLHW\NLNRQVHNZHQFMRQDOLVW\F]QHMNOXF]RZURORGJU\ZDHOHPHQWSR]QDZF]\

    :FHOXZVSDUFLDWHM WH]\*UHHQH RSLVXMH V]HUHJ HNVSHU\PHQWyZWDN]G]LHG]LQ\QHXURQDXNMDNLSV\FKRORJLL-HGHQ]W\FKHNVSHU\PHQWyZGRW\F]\EDGD]Z\NRU]\VWDQLHPQHXURREUD]RZDQLDPy]JXXF]HVWQLNyZJU\ZXOWLPDWXP*UDZXOWLPDWXPSROHJDQDW\PLMHGHQ]JUDF]\RWU]\PXMHSHZQVXPSLHQLG]\SU]\NDGRZR]MHGQDNDE\]DWU]\PDWNZRWPXVL]DSURSRQRZDWDNMHMF]GUXJLHPXJUDF]RZLDE\SU]\M

    -%HQWKDP 7KHRU\RI /HJLVODWLRQKWWSZZZDUFKLYHRUJVWUHDPEHQWKDPVWKHRU\RIEHQWEHQWKDPVWKHRU\RIEHQWBGMYXW[W,.DQW0HWD]\F]QHHOHPHQW\WHRULLSUDZDWXP:*DOHZLF]$QW\N.W\V-*UHHQH7KH6HFUHW-RNHRI .DQWV6RXO>Z@0RUDO3V\FKRORJ\7KH1HXURVFLHQFHRI 0RUDOLW\(PRWLRQ%UDLQ'LVRUGHUVDQG'HYHORSPHQWW,,,UHG:6LQQRWW$UPVWURQJ7KH0,73UHVV&DPEULGJHV3RULELGHP

    REOLF]DBUDFMRQDOQRVFLLQGG

  • 8/3/2019 ukasz Kurek, Neurofilozofia jako filzofia w kontekcie nauk

    17/19

    1 H X U R I L O R ] R I L D M D N R I L O R ] R I L D Z N R Q W H N F L H Q D X N L

    RQ]DRIHURZDQVXP-HG\QLHZSU]\SDGNXSU]\MFLD]DRIHURZDQHMVXP\XF]HVWQLNNWyU\SLHUZRWQLHRWU]\PDSLHQLG]HPRH]DWU]\PDSR]RVWDLFKF]:SU]\SDGNXRGU]XFHQLDRIHUW\SU]H]GUXJLHJRXF]HVWQLND

    REDMJUDF]HQLHRWU]\PXMDGQHMNZRW\:SRZ\V]HMV\WXDFMLNRU]\VWQHGODJUDF]DRWU]\PXMFHJRRIHUWMHVW

    SU]\MFLHQDZHWQLHZLHONLHMVXP\JG\EDUG]LHMNRU]\VWQHRGQLHRWU]\PDQLDDGQHMNZRW\MHVWRWU]\PDQLHQDZHWQLHZLHONLHMNZRW\MDNVLMHGQDNRND]XMHRIHUW\NWyUH]QDF]QLHRGELHJDMRGUyZQHJRSRG]LDXVRGU]XFDQH7HQUH]XOWDWWXPDF]RQ\MHVWFKFLXNDUDQLDQLHVSUDZLHGOLZHJRRIHUHQWDJG\ZSU]\SDGNXRGU]XFHQLDRIHUW\UyZQLHRIHUHQWQLFQLH]\VNXMH(IHNWWHQMHVWRF]\ZLFLHGREU]H]QDQ\FRMHGQDNV]F]HJyOQLHLVWRWQH*UHHQHSRGDMHZ\QLNLHNVSHU\PHQWXSU]HSURZDG]RQHJRSU]H]$ODQD

    6DQIH\D-LPD5LOOLQJDRUD]ZVSySUDFRZQLNyZNWyU]\GRNRQDOLQHXURREUD]RZDQLDPy]JXXF]HVWQLNyZWDNLHMJU\1DSRGVWDZLHX]\VNDQ\FKZ\QLNyZVWZLHUG]RQRLRWU]\PDQLHRIHUWX]QDQ\FK]DQLHVSUDZLHGOLZHVSRZRGRZDRZLNV]DNW\ZQRW\FKF]FLPy]JXNWyUHVRGSRZLHG]LDOQH]DRGF]XZDQLHHPRFML&RZLFHMUHGQLDDNW\ZQRW\FKF]FLPy]JXE\DSR]\W\ZQLHVNRUHORZDQD]OLF]ERGU]XFRQ\FKRIHUW

    (NVSHU\PHQW WHQ MHVWRW\OHFLHNDZ\ LZ\GDMHVLHRVRE\RGU]XFDMFHQDZHWPLQLPDOQHRIHUW\Z\GDMVLSRGHMPRZDGHF\]MHZRSDUFLXRVGFKDUDNWHU\VW\F]Q\GODHW\NLGHRQWRORJLF]QHMNDUDZ\PLHU]DQDMHVW]HZ]JOGXQDQDUXV]HQLHRERZL]NX]RHQLDVSUDZLHGOLZHMRIHUW\

    NRQVHNZHQFMHWHMNDU\]QDMGXMVLQDWRPLDVWQDGDOV]\PSODQLH%DGDQL]SHZQRFLQDWRPLDVWQLHSRGHMPXMGHF\]MLZRSDUFLXRVGQDWXU\NRQVHNZHQFMRQDOLVW\F]QHMJG\ZyZF]DVMDNWR]RVWDRZVSRPQLDQHSRGMWD]RVWDDE\UR]VGQDGHF\]MDSU]\MFLDQDZHWQLHZLHONLHMRIHUW\

    7HQLSRGREQHHNVSHU\PHQW\*UHHQHZ\NRU]\VWXMHZLFZFHOXZVSDUFLDVZRMHMWH]\LHW\NDGHRQWRORJLF]QDMHVWMHG\QLHUDFMRQDOL]DFMVGyZRFKDUDNWHU]HHPRFMRQDOQ\PSRMDZLDMF\FKVLZNRQWHNVWDFKPRUDOQ\FK,QQHHNVSHU\PHQW\ZVSLHUDMQDWRPLDVWWH]LVG\NRQVHNZHQFMRQDOLVW\F]QHRSDUWHVSU]HGHZV]\VWNLPQDHOHPHQFLHSR]QDZF]\P(NVSHU\

    PHQW\WHGRW\F]QLHW\ONRV\WXDFMLZNWyU\FKZ\PLHU]DQDMHVWNDUDOHF]UyZQLHLZLHOXLQQ\FKV\WXDFMLNWyUHUR]VWU]\JDQHVSU]H]]ZROHQQLNyZGHRQWRORJL]PX RUD] NRQVHNZHQFMRQDOL]PX Z UyQ\ VSRVyE : GDOV]HM

    $6DQIH\-5LOOLQJ-$URQVRQ/1\VWURP-&RKHQ7KH1HXUDO%DVLVRI (FRQRPLF'HFLVLRQ0DNLQJLQWKH8OWLPDWXP*DPH6FLHQFHYROV

    REOLF]DBUDFMRQDOQRVFLLQGG

  • 8/3/2019 ukasz Kurek, Neurofilozofia jako filzofia w kontekcie nauk

    18/19

    X N D V ] . X U H N

    NROHMQRFL *UHHQH DUJXPHQWXMH L HPRFMH EGFH SU]\F]\QDPL GHF\]MLRFKDUDNWHU]HGHRQWRORJLF]Q\PVDGDSWDFMDPLHZROXF\MQ\PL7RZDQLHUyQLFHSRPLG]\URGRZLVNLHPDQFHVWUDOQ\PDREHFQ\PVSU]\

    F]\QWHJRLQLHU]DGNRGHF\]MHRFKDUDNWHU]HHPRFMRQDOQ\PQLHVNRU]\VWQH:\PLHU]HQLHNDU\QLHXF]FLZ\PNRQWUDKHQWRPE\R]SHZQRFLNRU]\VWQHGODSU]HWUZDQLDRVREQLNDZURGRZLVNXDQFHVWUDOQ\PVX\RERZLHP FKRE\ RGVWUDV]HQLX SU]HG NROHMQ\PL QLHXF]FLZ\PL RIHUWDPL-HGQDNJUDZXOWLPDWXPZSRZ\V]\PHNVSHU\PHQFLHQLHE\DLWHURZDQDDZLFSU]\MPXMF\RIHUWQLHRWU]\P\ZDMXNROHMQ\FKRIHUW7UXGQRZLFZWDNLHMV\WXDFML]QDOHX]DVDGQLHQLHGODRGU]XFHQLDRIHUW\]DZ\MWNLHPVWZLHUG]HQLDLE\DRQDQLHVSUDZLHGOLZD

    .RQVHNZHQFM SRZ\V]\FK UR]ZDD *UHHQHD V SU]\QDMPQLHM GZD

    ZWNLZOR]RF]QHMGHEDFLHGRW\F]FHMHW\NLQRUPDW\ZQHMNWyUHZ\GDMVLQRZH3RSLHUZV]HZSU]HFLZLHVWZLHGRWUDG\FMLVLJDMFHM$GDPD6PLWKDRUD]'DYLGD+XPHDNWyUDRSDUFLHGODNRQVHNZHQFMRQDOL]PX]QDMGXMHZHPRFMDFK*UHHQHVWZLHUG]DLVG\NRQVHNZHQFMRQDOLVW\F]QHPDMQDWXU]GHF\GRZDQLHEDUG]LHMSR]QDZF]QLHPRFMRQDOQ:SU]HFLZLHVWZLHQDWRPLDVWGRWUDG\FMLVLJDMFHM,PPDQXHOD.DQWDNWyUDRSDUFLHGODGHRQWRORJL]PX]QDMGXMHZUR]XPLH*UHHQHSRGQRVLLVG\GHRQWRORJLF]QHPDMQDWXU]GHF\GRZDQLHEDUG]LHMHPRFMRQDOQQLSR]QDZF]3RGUXJLHFRV]F]HJyOQLHLVWRWQHSRZ\V]HUR]ZDDQLDVWDZLDMZQLHNRU]\VWQ\PZLHWOHGHRQWRORJLF]QHX]DVDGQLHQLDGRW\F]FHX]QDQLDGDQHJRF]\QX

    ]DGREU\F]\ WH]\1DJUXQFLHW\FKUR]ZDDRGZRDQLD]ZROHQQLNyZGHRQWRORJL]PXGRSUDZF]\RERZL]NyZNWyUHSRVLDGDMSRGPLRW\PRUDOQHVMHG\QLHUDFMRQDOL]DFMHPRFMLDQLHZ\UDHQLHPUDFMLX]DVDGQLDMF\FKGREURF]\]RGDQHJRF]\QX(PRFMHWHQLHNLHG\SURZDG]RF]\ZLFLHGRUR]VGQ\FKGHF\]MLMHGQDNZZLHOXSU]\SDGNDFKZ]ZL]NX]HZVSRPQLDQ\PLUyQLFDPLSRPLG]\URGRZLVNLHPDQFHVWUDOQ\PDREHFQ\PGHF\]MHEGFHLFKHIHNWDPLRFHQLQDOH\]GHF\GRZDQLHQHJDW\ZQLH1DZHWMHGQDNJG\HPRFMHWHZVSLHUDMQLHUR]VGQHGHF\]MHRFKDUDNWHU]HGHRQWRORJLF]Q\PVRQHUDFMRQDOL]RZDQHSU]H]]ZROHQQLNyZWHJRVWDQRZLVND

    7HNRQWURZHUV\MQHFKR LQWHUHVXMFHUR]ZDDQLD*UHHQHDZSLVXMVLGREU]HZF]ZDUW\REV]DUWHPDW\F]Q\QHXUROR]RLDZLFZ\NRU]\VWDQLHRVLJQLQHXURQDXNZUHHNVMLQDGWUDG\F\MQ\PLSUREOHPDPLOR]RF]Q\PL1DOH\SRGNUHOLLZ\NRU]\VWDQLHW\FKRVLJQL]SHZQRFLQLH

    -*UHHQHRSFLWV

    REOLF]DBUDFMRQDOQRVFLLQGG

  • 8/3/2019 ukasz Kurek, Neurofilozofia jako filzofia w kontekcie nauk

    19/19

    1 H X U R I L O R ] R I L D M D N R I L O R ] R I L D Z N R Q W H N F L H Q D X N L

    UR]ZL]XMHWHJRMDNLLQQ\FKSUREOHPyZOR]RF]Q\FKSU]\QDMPQLHMQDREHFQ\PHWDSLHUR]ZRMXQHXURQDXN-HGQDNQLHNLHG\RGSRZLHGQLH]DVWRVRZDQLHEDGDQHXURQDXNRZ\FKPRHU]XFLQRZHZLDWRQDWHSUREOHP\FR

    ZPLQLPDOLVW\F]QHMZHUVMLSRPDJDSU]\QDMPQLHMLFKOHSV]HPX]UR]XPLHQLX-XWRVDPRZVRELHX]QDPRQD]DGREU\UH]XOWDW

    3RGVXPRZDQLH

    :QLQLHMV]\PWHNFLHPHWRGRORJLDXSUDZLDQLDOR]RLZNRQWHNFLHQDXNL]DSURSRQRZDQDSU]H]0LFKDD+HOOHUD]DVWRVRZDQD]RVWDDZFHOXDQDOL]\SUREOHPyZSRGHMPRZDQ\FKQDJUXQFLHQHXUROR]RLDZLFOR]RL

    ZNRQWHNFLH QHXURQDXN :REV]DU]HWHPDW\F]Q\PGRW\F]F\P ZS\ZXLGHLOR]RF]Q\FKQDSRZVWDZDQLHLHZROXFMWHRULLQDXNRZ\FKSU]HGVWDZLRQ\]RVWDVSRVyEZMDNLOR]RF]QHSRJOG\(FFOHVDXNV]WDWRZD\MHJRQHXURQDXNRZ WHRUL SV\FKRQyZ : REV]DU]H WHPDW\F]Q\P GRW\F]F\PWUDG\F\MQ\FK OR]RF]Q\FK SUREOHPyZ XZLNDQ\FK Z WHRULH HPSLU\F]QHSRGMWD]RVWDDSUyED]DU\VRZDQLDOR]RF]QHMSUREOHPDW\NL]ZL]DQHM]HZLDGRPRFLNWyUDMHVWSU]HGPLRWHPEDGDQHXURQDXNRZ\FK1DWRPLDVWZREV]DU]HWHPDW\F]Q\PGRW\F]F\POR]RF]QHMUHHNVMLQDGQLHNWyU\PL]DRHQLDPLQDXNHPSLU\F]Q\FK]DU\VRZDQD]RVWDDOR]RF]QDUHHNVMDQDG]DRHQLHPRUHGXNFMRQL]PLHNWyUHWR]DRHQLHMHVWREHFQHZQHXUR

    QDXNDFK3URSR]\FMD0LFKDD+HOOHUD]RVWDDSRQDGWRSRV]HU]RQDRF]ZDUWJUXS]DJDGQLHDZLFZ\NRU]\VWDQLHRVLJQLQHXURQDXNZUHHNVMLQDGWUDG\F\MQ\PLSUREOHPDPLOR]RF]Q\PL'RWHMJUXS\WHPDW\F]QHMQDOHSU]HGVWDZLRQHSRZ\HMUR]ZDDQLD*UHHQHDNWyU\DUJXPHQWXMHSU]HFLZNRGHRQWRORJL]PRZLNRU]\VWDMFSU]\W\P]RVLJQLQHXURQDXN

    3RULELGHP