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Everyday life and Ecology

Bottles

• Glass can be used as a secondary raw material or be refilled. Segregated glass or glass being factory wastes can be re-melted. In that way we save energy and recources. Energy can be saved. We use 135 liters of fuel for production of each ton of glass.

What can we do?

Try not to discard glass to litter bins – take it to the organization collecting bottles, which will also adopt unnecessary jars. Do not discard bottles which can be used again or refilled. ex. Milk bottles.

Cars• A lot of people think that car is a symbol of social status. Cars for

millions of people are an accepted and convenient mean of transport. However, to start the engine you need a diesel, which

emit carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, unburned hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides. Lead in petrol causes the harm of human’s central nervous system. These substances contribute to acid rain and greenhouse effect. Exhaust air pollution causes diseases such as lung cancer, bronchitis and asthma.

What can you do?

• Go for a walk, use public transport or go by bike more often.

Garbage• We throw away rags, paper, glass, metal, plastic, toxic substances

and kitchen waste. Rubbish does not wander so far away from our homes. It is usually picked up at the local landfill. In some countries, waste is sorted. There are the components potentially useful:

bottles, cans and paper which can be used as secondary raw materials. Hazardous substances such as cadmium must be stored safely. However, various chemicals that are often in the garbage start to react with each other. The flammable gases, heavy metals and other chemicals in the event of rain can be flushed out and get into the water.

• Garbage can be burned, and the idea of energy production that takes place during this process is attractive. However, burning a mixture of garbage produces toxic gas. If the temperature is higher than 900'C-plastics, pesticides and wood preservatives create Dioxins, which are more toxic than cyanide. Garbage is also thrown into the seas contaminating them and killing plants and animals. Disposal of garbage produced in one environment to another is no solution.

What can you do?

• Segregate your own trash• Reduce the amount of

waste primarily by reducing shopping

• Avoid unnecessary packaging - Do not take extra plastic bags offered at the store

• Try not to buy disposable goods.

Dangerous garbage

• Dangerous (toxic) waste is toxic by-products of industry and our lifestyles. They are a mixture of different chemicals that we need to get rid off. We produce a lot of hazardous waste. Dangerous garbage has so far been deposited in landfills, in oceans or deep wells. This has led to pollution and now we will have to perform a number of cleaning operations to re-secure the waste.

What can you do?• Giving expired medicines - for containers in pharmacies • Giving batteries - for containers in stores, offices,

schools, etc.• Giving other glues, solvents, paints, pesticides, aerosols,

cleaners and wrappers these substances, and fluorescent lamps, fluorescent lamps and batteries - to the collection points for Dangerous garbage

Batteries• Most of the devices work on the

batteries. When they discharge we throw them away but ingredients used in batteries are unhealthy for us and nature. Europe is trying to remove the most dangerous ingredients in batteries’ production. In batteries there are heavy metals like cadmium, lead and mercury.To create a battery we need 50 times more power than battery gives away. Now we can buy batteries which we can use many times. They contain nickel and cadmium and that’s why they live 50 times longer. They are better but still dangerous to environment. But all the time scientists work on more safety ingredients.

What can we do ?• We can look for batteries without mercury and cadmium

in big shops• Don’t buy a lot of devices working on batteries• Buy a battery which we can use many times• Don’t throw away batteries. Segregate them.

Disposable Products• In present times we can buy disposable underwear,

cameras or wedding dresses. Everything starts to be disposable and we can easily flush it in a toilet. Our seas and rivers are more and more polluted with a lots of trash which we produce every day. Birds and fish die. The streets in our cities are polluted with litter. Wastes pollute underground water.

What can we do?• Don't buy disposable products. Check if we can find any

substitutes for example: cloth kitchen towel not a paper towel or plastic containers instead of foil bags.

• Try not to throw out things, which you don't need. Give them away to your friends or to any charity like Red Cross.

• Organise a garden sale. Sell them to other people instead of throwing them out.

Forests• Forests are important for life on our planet. They

maintain the water balance of land, protecting it from excessive dryness and floods. Forests also hinder the process of expansion of deserts. Forests are home to thousands of animals, cutting trees causes their extinction. We are destroying forests, seven times faster than they are planted. Trees are cut to meet human needs such as land for cultivation, breeding cattle for meat. Paper production consumes huge amounts of wood.

What can we do ?• Try to reduce the consumption of paper products. We

need to stop to exploit so much the forests. One suggested solution is the planting of forests.You can join and support organizations that plant trees around the world such as: Men of the Trees. You can work on projects led by "BritishTrust for Conservation" (British Association of Volunteers for the Environment).

Pesticides• Pesticides are chemicals used to kill small pests. We use

them up since 1988. Pesticides also kill many mammals. The remains of pesticides seep into the water and poison drinking water. These substances can cause cancer and other long-term effects. In many countries, its use is prohibited. However their use in agriculture still exists. Despite a ban growing crops is often dependent on pesticides.

What can we do ?• We should wash thoroughly all vegetables and fruit.• Watch what kind of food we serve to small children.• Buy food being grown in a natural way.

Acid rain• Acid rain is caused by our

factories, our cars and our power and through it each day to the air gets hundreds of tons of pollutants.

• They are formed when gases such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide and carbon dioxide rise into the atmosphere. Then they combine with water, where they form a dilute acid. And finally, it together with snow and rain falls back to earth.

What can you do?• Turn off the light when you leave the room. Turn off the

TV and other appliances when you do not use them.• If you can, do not drive a car, walk, ride a bicycle or use

means of Public Transport• Join the campaign of the group “Friends of the Earth”

against acid rains.

Plastics• Plastics in various forms has

become one of the most popular substances in the world. This relatively new and inexpensive by-product of the petrochemical industry has replaced paper, wood, metal and many other materials. The problem that creates plastic, is that it is not biodegradable.

This means that when you throw it away, it does not decompose in the soil completely inert substance harmless to the environment, such as for example, paper and dioxins

are formed during combustion. Some plastics can be reused, but only for the manufacture of plastic bags for garbage.

What can you do?

• As soon as you can, use of plastic more than once. Plastic boxes of margarine and yogurt is a good way of replacing food packaging wrap in plastic foil. They may also be useful as a pot for flowers and containers to store different things.