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MQL 2008

Gerund, to-infinitive czy bare infinitive? (Verb patterns)Czasowniki wyst puj ce bezpo rednio po tych z tabelki musz przyj okre lon form :

1) tzw. gerund , czyli czasownik z ko cwk ing ;2) to-infinitive , czyli czasownik, przed ktrym stoi przyimek to;3) bare infinitive , czyli czasownik w formie podstawowej bez adnych ko cwek.

to-infinitive(Bezokolicznik z to)

Gerund(czasownik +ing)

bare infinitive(Bezokolicznik bez to)

agreezgodzi si

cant helpnie mc si powstrzyma (od)

letpozwala

wantchcie

cant standnie znosi

makezmusza / nak ania

decidezdecydowa (si )

(dont) mind(nie) mie co przeciw

canmc, umie , potrafi

expectoczekiwa

enjoylubi

couldforma przesz a od can

refuseodmwi

denyzaprzeczy

mayuywany w pro bach, pozwoleniach (fml)

(be) easyby atwym

look forward tooczekiwa na (z niecierpliwo ci )

mightforma przesz a od may

would like/ love (pojedyncza syt.)mie ochot na admitprzyzna mustmusie would prefer (pojedyncza syt.)wole / preferowa

attemptsprbowa , podej do

willuywany w pro bach, ofertach, czas przysz.

be good atby dobrym w

wouldforma przesz a od will

fancymie ochot na

would ratherwole

finishsko czy

had better (d better)lepiej eby( )(my) - doradzanie

to-infinitive lub Gerund no difference[Czasownik +ing lub bezokolicznik z to bez zmiany znaczenia]

beginzaczyna (si )

startzaczyna love

uwielbia , kocha hate

nienawidzie likelubi

preferpreferowa , wole cant bearnie m znie continuekontynuowa intendzamierza

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Czasowniki, po ktrych kolejne czasowniki mog przyj dwie formy,ale ze zmian znaczenia:

stop stop + bezokolicznik z to= zatrzyma si , aby co zrobi They stopped to talk . Zatrzymalisi , aby porozmawia .

stop + czasownik z ing = przesta co robi They stopped talking to each other. Przestali ze sob rozmawia .

remember remember + bezokolicznik z to= nie zapomnie czego (w odniesieniu do przysz o ci)I remember to send the letter. Pami tam, aby wys a list.

remember + czasownik z ing= nie zapomina o czym (wodniesieniu do przesz o ci)I remember sending the letter. Pami tam, e wys a em list.

forget forget + bezokolicznik z to= zapomnie co zrobi I forgot to send the letter. Zapomnia em wys a list.

forget + czasownik z ing= zapomnie , e si co zrobi o.I forgot sending the letter. Zapomnia em, e wys a em list.

try try + bezokolicznik z to

=zrobi co jak najlepiej si potrafiI tried to repair the car but it didntwork.

try + czasownik z ing

=wyprbowa jaki sposb,sprbowa If you stained your blouse with blood,try washing it in cold water .

regret regret + bezokolicznik z to=a owa tego co si wydarzyI regret to say we wont get aChristmas bonus .

regret + czasownik z ing=a owa czego , co si ju wydarzy oI regret inviting him to the party. Hecompletely spoilt it .

need need + bezokolicznik z to I need to take more exercise.

need + czasownik z ingThe batteries in the radio need changing .

go on go on + bezokolicznik z toAfter discussing the economy, the ministerthen went on to talk about foreign policy.(=przeszed do omawiania innych spraw)

go on + czasownik z ingWe must change our ways. We cant go onliving like this. (=nie mo emy ci gle tak y)

EXERCISES:

Put the verbs in brackets in the correct form.1. A: Can you . . . . . . . . . . . . . (help) me with the dishes, please?

B: Yes, then we could . . . . . . . . . . . . . (go) for a walk, what do you think?

2. A: Do you enjoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . (go) to parties?B: Yes, I love . . . . . . . . . . . . . (meet) new people.

3. A: I expected . . . . . . . . . . . . . (see) Tony here tonight.B: Well, he wanted . . . . . . . . . . . . . (come), but he was busy.

4. A: Lets . . . . . . . . . . . . . (go) to the cinema or would you rather . . . . . . . . . . . . . (watch) TV?B: Well, I usually prefer . . . . . . . . . . . . . (go) out to . . . . . . . . . . . . . (stay) at home, but tonight

I think Id prefer . . . . . . . . . . . . . (watch) TV.

5. A: Well, Terry, are you looking forward to . . . . . . . . . . . . . (fly) to Paris?B: No I hate . . . . . . . . . . . . . (travel)!

6. A: Mum agreed . . . . . . . . . . . . . (lend) me her car.B: You mean shes really going to let you . . . . . . . . . . . . . (drive) her BMW?

7. A: Steve always makes me . . . . . . . . . . . . . (laugh).B: Me too. I love . . . . . . . . . . . . . (listen) to his funny stories.

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8. A: Mr Harris, do you mind . . . . . . . . . . . . . (work) long hours?B: No, not at all. Actually I was wondering if I could . . . . . . . . . . . . . (do) some overtime.

9. This player wont work. Try . . . . . . . . . . . . . (push) the red button.

10. She decided . . . . . . . . . . . . . (move) into a new flat.

11. My mother wants me . . . . . . . . . . . . . (go) shopping with her on Saturday.

12. Gina would . . . . . . . . . . . . . (love) to travel to Jordan.

13. I tried . . . . . . . . . . . . . (contact) you all day yesterday. Sorry, I was away.

14. Helen doesnt mind . . . . . . . . . . . . . (walk) for an hour every morning to get to work.15. Its not my fault. He made me . . . . . . . . . . . . . (lie) to you!

16. It may . . . . . . . . . . . . . (snow) during the night.

17. My brother never lets me . . . . . . . . . . . . . (drive) his car.

18. Dont forget . . . . . . . . . . . . . (lock) the door.

19. He stopped . . . . . . . . . . . . . (have) a snack, then he went back to work.20. I regret . . . . . . . . . . . . . (say) that to her. It hurt her.

21. She made him . . . . . . . . . . . . . (eat) all his dinner before watching TV.

22. Stop . . . . . . . . . . . . . (talk) at once!23. Hell never forget . . . . . . . . . . . . . (meet) Mel Gibson.

24. Remember . . . . . . . . . . . . . (send) a postcard.

25. Do you fancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . (join) us?

26. A: Tim isnt very sociable, is he?B: No, he prefers . . . . . . . . . . . . . (be) alone rather than with others.

27. I hate . . . . . . . . . . . . . (go) to the opera.

28. I regret . . . . . . . . . . . . . (say) that the concert has been cancelled.

29. What would you like . . . . . . . . . . . . . (have) for dessert?

30. A: Does Greg know how to swim?B: No, I dont know why, though. Its so easy . . . . . . . . . . . . . (learn).

31. Ill always remember . . . . . . . . . . . . . (visit) Venice. It was so romantic.

32. I couldnt help . . . . . . . . . . . . . (notice) that Ray has bought a new laptop.

33. Id like . . . . . . . . . . . . . (leave) a bit earlier today.

34. Did he agree . . . . . . . . . . . . . (invite) Bob to the party?

Paraphrase.

1. Jennifer is happy to work overtime.Jennifer doesnt mind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2. Driving her new car makes Carla happy.Carla loves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3. Its not Emmas fault shes so shy.Emma cant help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4. Sam said he would go to the party.Sam agreed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5. Julie sat down and started to cry.Julie sat down and began . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6. Joe would prefer to stay in tonight.Joe would rather . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7. I might see him later.I may . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8. He cant wait to go on holiday.Hes looking forward to . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9. She didnt want to go to school.She refused . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10. Dave hates playing rugby.Dave cant stand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .