ˆFˇ— ç Mj†˜3NO · “”ˆFˇ—%ç˜+Mj†˜3NO ÞUj1,k l1,2,$m

3
ÃFÏÐ%çÄ+Mj²Ä3NO ÞUj kl $m< ùrn Þop 1. ³«\H?ª&,¾qISTcd¾qIÁ3rsSTÒH?É <]¾qIIJãqDZ789³«\H?!"¸Ç±â@789³« 201403 2. !_&,ø)!_ 561000 67 Í9ÐÑmqr%&M¾s5E¥s9:;¤òÆst<¦u}"#。[ KLÐÑmqr%&ôrvwx³ ´yvÜgzÜszéDTsÓ´。[ OP{ 100℃qr 1.0h T 121℃qr 0.5h2 ¬%&gz`wxÝM@Ä m%&9yvÜÄ°0d|ó 7~8d Eyrv.r}gzÜ°{0ÔM@{~ 3d tºgz14 ßqr%&~X 7~10d M@^E 4d mqr%&wyÝM@YÓ´°{0ÔqrwyKÓ´tu|óõõÓ´0100℃ qr 5.0h 9wyÓ´+,CNH%&±Ó´6M@9 mwy%&széD°{0ÔéÓ´ÜèÄ 8S。[ Oe/ÐÑW¾st<¦u}"#t89: ¾sqrÓ´ 2;<=> S646.1 3  ?@ABC A   ?DE> 0517-6611 2019 04-0060-03 doi 10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2019.04.015      FGHIJKLMABCOSID ): EffectsofDifferentSterilizationConditionsonGrowthandFruitingofStrawMushroom LIZhengpeng HUANGXun YUChangxia etal 1.InstituteofEdibleFungi ShanghaiAcademyofAgriculturalSciences National EdibleFungiEngineeringTechnologyResearchCenter KeyLaboratoryofSouthEdibleFungiResourcesUtilization MinistryofAgriculture ShanghaiKeyOpenLaboratoryofAgriculturalGeneticsandBreeding Shanghai201403 2.AnshunCollege Anshun Guizhou561000 Abstract Objective Tostudytheeffectsofdifferentsterilizationconditionsonthegrowthandfruitingofstrawmushroom inordertoguide theindustrialcultivationofstrawmushroom. Method Thequantityofbagcontamination fullbagtime buddingtime buddensityandfruit ingyieldunderdifferentsterilizationconditionswasstudied. Result Onlytwoconditionsof100℃sterilization1.0hand121℃sterilization 0.5happearedpartialcontamination.Comparedwiththecontrolgroup thedifferenceoffullbagtimeunderdifferentconditionswassmaller andthebagsorbedswerefullofbacteriaonthe7thto8thday.Therewasasignificantdifferenceinbuddingtime.Thecontrolonlyneeded3 daystobud andthesterilizationconditionofthe14groupsrequired7-10days whichwasatleast4dayslongerthanthecontrolgroup.Com paredwiththecontrol theyieldofdifferentsterilizationconditionswasdifferent.Theyieldofthesterilizationtreatmentwasmainlyconcentrat edinthesecondwave andthefirstwaveproducedless.100℃sterilizationfor5.0hwasobviouslyhigherthanthatofotherconditions the totalproductionofthetwotideswasalmostdoublethatofthecontrolformula.Thedensityofmushroombudsvariedgreatlyunderdifferent treatmentconditions andtherewasnocorrelationbetweendensityandyield. Conclusion Thestudylayafoundationfortheindustrialcultiva tionofstrawmushroom. Keywords Strawmushroom Sterilization Production NOPQ q$l1ZrÓ§Ô«ÕðØÌGÓ)2018 õ ú); 7lG§·ÌÍ7lG2017 ú)。 RSTU ÞUj1986 —), àE$ã5ÒäÖåæ1Z r"#ÐÑ·éêë5ÒäÖåæ¿?"#ÝY ZÐÑVWXY 2018-10-08 óôVolvariellavolvacea ), Ó³ôÉóôIô Ðcôºx{¸æbhL°h0ðê'©Rf @HAIð@\eÉó4õºÅÆöÍR_³o ~(ÅÇ%UB÷[×ébªØ c¾qIW < ¸pàÁñ-WR" pÐà.Þ£zÁñ-Wø£p eÚÛ c±£3Rå,àá¹Þo¬åRf0óô Åà.Þ£zÁ-Wø£pÙC¬-{¸/Ú Û'Nóô@bRÝÎHÐ×é@3²íRùúk gâ{¸0=ÊbR]O-Ç c ®óô`aùqo²¢];[9NæƲÊËHBCC£Áø£@ÊÊbóôUq0 «´¬KRzfIrsùqü©9IUÐ gô¼'ÒR]), <ãNÁø£°[@b«(óô°[ß1³\ RbST÷ûIïðMóô @\ágôRÕÖà¤-óôÁø£üË_`1 Æab 1.1 ÉÊÆ ¬ôI¸ V9715 '³«\H?ª&, ¾qISTf¬ÉóÐý>'³«\H?ª&,ÇA #8lf¬Éó 80% ý> 17% ©Õ 3% 1.2 Éʤr ÉóK(qõó¥nÇè^CRÉó õ¬ 3~5cmRólD£+ò££|óU qþìn£RÉóþglyÿ2! ²R9 )ûI&,àÉó 80% ý> 17% ©Õ 3%- æ²nÿ9RÉómN"#¥®üOõü"#+15min U·åý>)©Õ"#+ 30min UüOõü"#+ 10min ), -~"#+ 20min ÍUæf_Æõàq $8~qo%²<õP&íÖge÷'*-Æ õ+- 60% )。 #R²»ÝTáæf¥×ò(²f\é¡495mm×320mm×0.60mm h< | 35mm×35mm×òêfIDÇ+- 2.0kg æfUâIDæ<Å)º³*! Uº¯Å+×ÛU@m,-®ê- f&ë 0.25m ½Íê 0.25m 8kg ²ê|ûIïð -½ 224 f56 -æíU@mì ³¨ Á 0 û Iû I - 100~121℃ûI í 1~6h ½ 14 ÈûIïðKØûI À.ø% ûI|óUn-DÞYí-Z[\HIJ.AnhuiAgric.Sci.2019 47 ): 60-62

Transcript of ˆFˇ— ç Mj†˜3NO · “”ˆFˇ—%ç˜+Mj†˜3NO ÞUj1,k l1,2,$m

Page 1: ˆFˇ— ç Mj†˜3NO · “”ˆFˇ—%ç˜+Mj†˜3NO ÞUj1,k l1,2,$m

��ÃFÏÐ%çÄ+Mj²Ä3NO

ÞUj

1,k l

1,2,$m<

1,ùrn

1,Þop

2 (1.³«\H?ª&,¾qIST�

,cd¾qIÁ3rsST�Ò

,H?É

<]¾qIIJãqDZ789

,³«\H?!"�¸Ç±â@789

,³«

201403;2.!_&,

,ø)!_

561000)

67

 [Í9

]ÐÑ�mqr%&M¾s5E¥�s9:;

,¤òÆK¾st<¦u}"#

。[KL

]ÐÑ�mqr%&ôrvwx³

´

、yv�Ü

、gz�Ü

、széDT�sÓ´

。[OP

]{

100℃qr

1.0hT

121℃qr

0.5h2¬%&�gz`wx

。ÝM@Ä�

,�

m%&9yv�ÜÄ°0d

,|ó�

7~8dEyrv.r}

;gz�Ü°{0Ô

,M@{~

3dtºgz

,14ßqr%&~X

7~10d,�

M@s¶^E

4d。�mqr%&wyÝM@YKÄ�

,Ó´°{0Ô

。qrwyK�Ó´tu|ó�õ��

,õ��Ó´0¶

100℃qr

5.0h9wyÓ´+,CNH�%&

,��±Ó´6��M@9

2�

。�mwy%&széD°{0Ô

,éDÝÓ´ÜèÄ

8S

。[Oe

]/ÐÑW¾st<¦u}"#��t�

89:

 ¾s

;qr

;Ó´

2;<=>

 S646.1+3  ?@ABC

 A  ?DE>

 0517-6611(2019)04-0060-03doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2019.04.015     

FGHI

(JKLM

)ABC

(OSID):

EffectsofDifferentSterilizationConditionsonGrowthandFruitingofStrawMushroomLIZhengpeng1,HUANGXun1,2,YUChangxia1etal (1.InstituteofEdibleFungi,ShanghaiAcademyofAgriculturalSciences,NationalEdibleFungiEngineeringTechnologyResearchCenter,KeyLaboratoryofSouthEdibleFungiResourcesUtilization,MinistryofAgriculture,ShanghaiKeyOpenLaboratoryofAgriculturalGeneticsandBreeding,Shanghai201403;2.AnshunCollege,Anshun,Guizhou561000)Abstract [Objective]Tostudytheeffectsofdifferentsterilizationconditionsonthegrowthandfruitingofstrawmushroom,inordertoguidetheindustrialcultivationofstrawmushroom.[Method]Thequantityofbagcontamination,fullbagtime,buddingtime,buddensityandfruitingyieldunderdifferentsterilizationconditionswasstudied.[Result]Onlytwoconditionsof100℃ sterilization1.0hand121℃ sterilization0.5happearedpartialcontamination.Comparedwiththecontrolgroup,thedifferenceoffullbagtimeunderdifferentconditionswassmaller,andthebagsorbedswerefullofbacteriaonthe7thto8thday.Therewasasignificantdifferenceinbuddingtime.Thecontrolonlyneeded3daystobud,andthesterilizationconditionofthe14groupsrequired7-10days,whichwasatleast4dayslongerthanthecontrolgroup.Comparedwiththecontrol,theyieldofdifferentsterilizationconditionswasdifferent.Theyieldofthesterilizationtreatmentwasmainlyconcentratedinthesecondwave,andthefirstwaveproducedless.100℃ sterilizationfor5.0hwasobviouslyhigherthanthatofotherconditions,thetotalproductionofthetwotideswasalmostdoublethatofthecontrolformula.Thedensityofmushroombudsvariedgreatlyunderdifferenttreatmentconditions,andtherewasnocorrelationbetweendensityandyield.[Conclusion]Thestudylayafoundationfortheindustrialcultivationofstrawmushroom.Keywords Strawmushroom;Sterilization;Production

NOPQ

 q$l1ZrÓ§�Ô«ÕðØ�Ì

(��GÓ)

〔2018〕õ

9ú

);7�lG����§·�ÌÍ

(7lG�

〔2017〕2ú

)。

RSTU

 ÞUj

(1986—),à

,��E$ã

,�5Ò

,äÖ

,åæ1Z

r"#ÐÑ

。·éêë

,5Ò

,äÖ

,åæ¿?"#ÝY

ZÐÑ

VWXY

 2018-10-08

  óô

(Volvariellavolvacea),Ó¶�³ô

、Éóô

、�Iô

Ð�côº

,x{¸æbN°h

、L°h0�ðê'©Rf

@HAI

,ð@\eÉó

、4õ�ºÅÆöÍR_�³

。o

~¶(Å

、Ç%UB

,÷[×ébªØ

[1]。

�c¾qI��W <

2̧p�

:à�Áñ�­WR"

�p�Ðà.Þ£zÁñ�­WRÁø£p�

[2]。eÚÛ

�c�Bα£�3Rå,àá¹Þo¬åRf0

,óô�

�Åà.Þ£zÁ­WRÁø£p�ÙC¬­{¸�/Ú

Û

。'Nóô@bRÝÎHÐ×é@3²íRùú�k�

g

,â�{¸0=

、ÊbR�¶_á��]�O­Ç 

。c

®óô`aùq�o²��

,¢];[9NæƲÊËH

BC��C£

,Áø£@b¯ÊÊb

。óôK²��Uq0

«´¬KRzfI��rs

,ùqü©9��

(IU�¶Ð

gô¼'�ÒR��]�

),<ãNÁø£°[@b«(

7îóô°[ß1³\

[3]。RbST÷�ûIïðMóô

@\ágôRÕÖ

,भóôK²Áø£��üË_`

1 ��ab

1.1 ÉÊ�Æ

 ¬#óôI¸

V9715'³«\H?ª&,

¾qIST�f¬

。ÉóÐý>'³«\H?ª&,ÇA

#8lf¬

。Éó

80%,ý>

17%,©Õ

3%。1.2 

Éʤr

 ÉóK(

:�qõó¥n�Çè^CRÉó

õ¬

3~5cmR�ó�lD¶£�+ò�£�

。£�|óU

qþìn£��RÉóþg

,lyÿ2!

[4]。�¶²R9�

)ûI

:&��,�D½

,àÉó

80%、ý>

17%、©Õ

3%­

æ²

,nÿ9�RÉómN"#¥®üOõü"#

,+

15minU

,·åý>)©Õ

,"#+

30minU

,üOõü"#

(+

10min),­~"#+

20minÍUæf

,�¶_Æõ�àq�

$8~qo%næ²

,<õ�P&íÖge÷'*­�

(Æ

õ�+­

60%)。#�R²»ÝT�áæf¥

,×ò(²f\é¡��

495mm×320mm×0.60mm,h<

1|

35mm×35mm×ò�

êfIDÇ�+­

2.0kg,æfUâIDæ<Å)º³*!

U

,º¯Å+×ÛU

,@m,-®

,ê-

4f

,&ë

0.25m2

½

,Íê

0.25m28kg�²

,ê|ûIïð

4-

,�½

224f

56-

。æíU@m�ì³

,̈Á0�ûI

。ûI��­

100~121℃,ûI í

1~6h,�½

14ÈûIïð

,KØûI

À.ø%

1。ûI|óU��n��-D¶ÞYí

   -Z[\HI

,J.AnhuiAgric.Sci.2019,47(4):60-62

Page 2: ˆFˇ— ç Mj†˜3NO · “”ˆFˇ—%ç˜+Mj†˜3NO ÞUj1,k l1,2,$m

1 ��ÃFÏÐ

Table1 Differentsterilizationconditions

Ùn

No.ûI��

Sterilizationtemperature∥ ℃

ûI í

Sterilizationtime∥h

1 100 1.02 100 2.03 100 3.04 100 4.05 100 5.06 100 6.06 110 1.07 110 2.08 110 3.010 110 4.011 121 0.512 121 1.013 121 1.514 121 2.0

  ݸ)�¶

:Ó��²��ÞYá

38~40℃ 

,n��

-�¶Ý¸9

,ek±Á�ô³qݸ¥�Aݸñ�

,Ý

¸�­ê|×òfݶ

25gI¸

,ݸ%URID´¶.¥

.BUæ¶,-�

,ê-

4|

,ID�é^/¯

,n��-�

�D¶�¶9

,�¶9ùq¾Ó6�59R�0ìH)ìò

K(��

,U�{H5��

、��

、QÝÐü=£ã

,�¶ï

ð

:��

30~35℃,ìò­M��

55%~75%,ü=£ã.�

1500~5500mg/kg,xy�¶

。�`23Ifóô.�)í

f í

Më�]

(CK)K(

:óôõ¬

5~10cmU£�

,å¶

1.5%©Õõ#�

,�oÆõ�JX

60%。n£�Ul1gõ

�Rý>)£�URÉój¶

1.5%©Õ

,q.×�2²¥

Îøß�Uyÿ

。ÿ0

0.7~1.0m,é

1.2~1.5m,\�à7

�@b�ÙË

。³Â�¶²ÿ�Û2ÿ

1q

,Ì

3ÛÍUæ

-

,��-^:&ë

0.25m2½

,ê-

8kg,�½

4-

。!×

²^UÅ��3$¶Ö4å�

,9�J

60~65℃ �}

10h,Ó²�Pá

35~40℃ &

1%­¸�­¸

。IU@\

/��}ô3��

32℃ÑÒ

、ìò��

90%ÑÒ

。23÷

�IU�í�¶² í

ÓIf®IUÐ

CKIU�í�¶²n�<K(Dá

�{ígô3Ógô

。n×òf5â

,�g�¶²%^I

U

,59gô3®��

28~35℃、ìò­M��

75%~90%、ü=£ã.�

800~2000mg/kg、Që

50~200lx,ÓóôB

7Ø'[�¤�¶W\¤± ù6

。ù6%Ì{çôU

,¤

f

,M�¶²´7õá<õ'ì­�

,[å��á

95%ÑÒ

lf0ü=£ã.�á

1500~5500mg/kg,�²�J0á

35℃ÑÒ

。3~4dU

,­PQü=£ã.�á

800~2000mg/kg,́

7

0.1~0.15L/m2.aõ

,­´

3~4dgô

�`23î8 í

(�D¶ô3 íâù23

)、ô8ô�

(Ì{çôb@Rô8

)、gô-b�Ð@A&=F

2 ���<]

'%

2、æ

1Us

,14ÈûIïð�

,%É�ïð�¶²

è;JX;�ûIR=}

,e'NóôIU@\���

,Ý

,Ø<û^.Ifqô�h^

,m6�gîe

100℃û

I

1.0hÐ

121℃ûI

0.5h2|ïðì

,2|ïðóôRI

f,-.R

12.5%。)Më­D

,÷�ïðíf í­ZE

×

,6�e

7~8d\íIfÖI9

;î8 íZ`E%

,Më

Ø@

3dÍUî8

,14ÈûIïð@ 

7~10d,DMëá^

Ì\

4d。

2 ��ÃFÏÐ%çÄ+MjöY3NO

Table2 Effectsofdifferentsterilizationconditionsongrowthandyieldofstrawmushroom

Ùn

No.ûIïð

Sterilizationconditions

óô.�

Numberofpollution∥f

íf

(9

) í

Fullbag(bed)time∥d

î8 í

Buddingtime∥d

ô8ô�

Mushroombuddensity

b�

Yield(0.25m2)g

@A&=F

Biologicalefficiency∥%

1 100℃、1.0h 2 7 7 +++ 78 3.92 100℃、2.0h 0 8 8 +++ 50 2.53 100℃、3.0h 0 8 10 +++ 206 10.34 100℃、4.0h 0 8 8 ++ 180 9.05 100℃、5.0h 0 7 8 +++ 906 45.36 100℃、6.0h 0 8 10 ++ 485 24.37 110℃、1.0h 0 8 9 + 27 1.48 110℃、2.0h 0 8 8 ++ 84 4.29 110℃、3.0h 0 8 8 ++ 456 22.810 110℃、4.0h 0 8 8 ++ 372 18.611 121℃、0.5h 2 8 10 - 6 0.312 121℃、1.0h 0 8 8 ++ 464 23.213 121℃、1.5h 0 8 10 + 259 13.014 121℃、2.0h 0 8 7 + 81 4.115 CK 0 7 3 +++ 464 23.2 O

:“+++”“++”“+”“-”%yô8ô�çq6d

 Note:"+++","++","+"and"-"meanthatthedensityofmushroombuddecreasesinturn

  ÷�ûIïðK()Më�]­D

,b�Z`E%

。û

IK(]�b�_å6�eÌüç

,Ì{çb�E^

。Më

�]b�6�gîeÌ{ç

,Ìüçb�E^

。100℃ûI

5.0hRK(b�q90NoWïð

,Üç-b��:xM

ë�]R

2)

。÷�K(ô8ô�Z`E%

,ô�)b�í

è­ÏH

。100℃ûI

2.0hÐ

100℃ûI

3.0hRK(]

,Í�Uà�¬%�×ô8

,eU¤¯Ê��¬¬KB7

Ø

。100℃ûI

6.0h、110℃ûI

3.0hÐ

121℃ûI

1.0hRK(�/ô8ô�÷%

,Y¥�E0b�

(æ

2)。

1647ñ

4ò

                ÞUjm

 �mqr%&M¾s5E¥�s9:;

Page 3: ˆFˇ— ç Mj†˜3NO · “”ˆFˇ—%ç˜+Mj†˜3NO ÞUj1,k l1,2,$m

O

:a.+++;b.++;c.+

;

1 ÄÅ�q

Fig.1 Mushroombuddensity

;

2 ��ÃFÏÐçÄöY²³

Fig.2 Comparisonofstrawmushroomyieldunderdifferentsterilizationconditions

3 �����

c®óô`aùq�o²��

,¢];[9NæƲÊ

ËH

、BC��C£

,Áø£@b¯ÊÊb

。ST%&

,óf

IÆ'zfI¯£ÙaR�¸d

,óô9NófI��¬R

;�

,­M�£EF

[5]。fx&óôÌUàK²��aUà

�o²��

。óôK²��Uq0«´¬KRzfI��

rs

,hð&bIMI¸

[3]、�]

[6-7]Ð��Á<

[8]Fæ�K

²��p�

。¢#8ST÷�ûIïðMóô@\ágô

RÕÖ

,÷�ûIïðR|}Z{E%

,100℃ûI

5.0hR

K(IU@\Ðb�&q¢NoWïð

,Üç-b��:x

Më�]R

2)

。/Ù

,100℃ûI

5.0h,è;JX;�ûI

R=}

[9],eóôIUöç±p

,f)%É�zfI÷�

。ì

{�Rb6n­~STóôIU@\23á­pR��Á<

��?@

[1]CHANGST.CultivationofthestrawmushroominSoutheastChina[J].Worldcrops,1965,17:47-49.

[2]ä}=

,Póó

,Ó5{

.övr�øÇ)l�.��

[J].+�LM£

O

,2007,35(9):2606-2607,2669.[3]

ù)

,k�f

,Ëú

,�

.åû�ÅNâÚA!"IJ

———åû"åÅ\

�ÅNârjþÿ

[J].övrO 

,2007,14(1):10-18.[4]

P#�

,U�}

,PüÄ

,�

.åû�øÇNâ{ý\IJéê

[J].LM

�y!"

,2017,37(19):67-70.[5]

�Á

,þN�

,́¡

,�

.åû4-.Þ-Fÿ½ÞÇðL

[J].övrO

 

,2013,20(2):8-11.[6]

È!é

,|"®

,|ð

,�

.�3#Å\QNåû�!_`

[J].övr

,2014(3):32-33.

[7]îK}

,$Ñ

,q�q

,�

.±%#Å\QNåûÌõ�!4IJ

[J].e

�LM£O

,2016,36(3):58-61,66.[8]

³Èd

,«}R

,Ëú

,�

.åû�ÅNâÚA!"IJ

II:v#s_`

�&Ç"åÅ\�ÅNâ�!

[J].��eV£!

,2006,31(3):6-8.[9]

�C

.övrNâ

[M].%à

:W�'x»¤¡

,2008:64-82.

檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪(qNõ

52ö

[13]|x�

.ijÛèÏNúÇOË�½lbEFIJⅡ.ë=ÏNúÇO

Ë�½lb4EF

[J].Nú£O

,2004,23(1):41-44.[14]

dâ(

,?-ð

,|NÂ

.úèóÉ��X$/0±<4IJ

[J].Nú

£O

,1987,6(1):1-10.[15]

#Ñy

,ºw)

,w*{

,�

.+&'F(NOËèNúÉ�Ïlb4

EF

[J].w,Vô

,2006,26(2):110-111.[16]

µ��

,-�[

,þ|\

.É�ÏWlØNú)c�*½&ô�×ØÞ

�4EF

[J].Nú£O

,2006,25(1):1-5.[17]

�>.

,É)\

,y /

,�

.NúÆèÉ�ÏÏ^lb½ù0öÛè

EF4IJ

[J].åMO 

,2005,10(5):43-47.[18]

ºc%

,äÖ<

,�Ô�

,�

.NOÉ�ÏNúlb�)ª±<EF4

IJ

[J]._uvLM£!

,2006(2):35-36.[19]

ÈØõ

,RKr

.!m�&Ç��ÏNúË�½ÙÚ)ªGA4EF

[J].̂SLM£O

,2008(5):71-73.[20]

í0é

,?S1

,«Ø�

,�

.NâÛúÏNú)c�x½X$lb4

EFⅡ.L�

、)cû6±²Ïlb4EF

[J].;<ô\VôO 

,2003,25(2):48-51.

[21]?ö�

,d�

,P¶2

,�

.ìWLÏNú)l�¾IJéê

[J].+

�LM£O

,2018,46(18):25-28.

26           7Î�§GH

                         2019}