Topic A: Cells & cell structures

SubtopicsMicroscope & microscopy

o Conversion of units o Properties of microscope o Magnification, calculation of magnification o Resolution o Microscopy & Plan diagrams o Micrometry

Eukaryotic cellso Properties of cells o Specific structures o Size of cells & cellular structures

Prokaryotic cellso Properties of cells o Difference between eu- vs. prokaryotic cells

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Microscope & microscopy > Conversion of units1 [June 2005, P1, Q2]

A lysosome measures 0.4 μm in diameter.

What is the diameter in nm?

A 4 nm B 40 nm C 400 nm D 4000 nm

2 [Nov 2009, P12, Q3]A lymphocyte has a diameter of 1 × 10-2 millimetres (mm).

What is the diameter in nanometres (nm)?

A 1 × 101 B 1 × 102 C 1 × 103 D 1 × 104

3 [June 2011, P11, Q1]A cell organelle measures 4 × 10–1 mm in diameter.

What is the diameter in μm?

A 4 × 101 μm B 4 × 102 μm C 4 × 103 μm D 4 × 104 μm

4 [June 2009, P1, Q1]What are the appropriate units for measuring diameters of alveoli, diameters of white blood cells and the width of cell walls?

diameters ofalveoli

diameters ofwhite blood cells

width ofcell walls

A mm μm μm

B μm mm μm

C μm μm nm

D mm mm mm

5 [June 2010, P11, Q1]Which structures are measured using these units?

10–3 m 10–6 m 10–9 m

A chloroplast ribosome nucleus

B nucleus chloroplast xylem vessel

C ribosome xylem vessel chloroplast

D xylem vessel nucleus ribosome

Microscope & microscopy > Properties of microscope6 [Nov 2012, P11, Q5]

Which statement about the light microscope is correct?

A As the smallest distance to see two points as distinct separate points decreases, the resolution also decreases.

B If the resolution is 220 nm, then a bacterium 0.2 μm in diameter will not be visible.

C If the wavelength of light is 600 nm, then two membranes 300 nm apart will be visible as two distinct membranes.

D Using visible light of a longer wavelength, such as red light, will improve the resolution.

7 [Nov 2008, P1, Q1]Which eyepiece and objective lens combination enables you to see the greatest number of cells in the field of view?

eyepiece objective

A x5 x10

B x10 x10

C x5 x40

D x10 x40

8 [Nov 2012, P12, Q1]Which eyepiece and objective lens combination of a light microscope enables you to see the greatest number of cells in the field of view?

eyepiece lens objective lens

A ×5 ×10

B ×5 ×40

C ×10 ×10

D ×10 ×40

9 [June 2011, P11, Q2]In the following table, which is the correct comparison between light and electron microscopes?

light microscope electron microscope

resolution magnification resolution magnification

A high high low low

B high low low high

C low high high low

D low low high high

10 [Nov 2004, P1, Q6] [June 2009, P1, Q3]What describes the features of an electron microscope and its use?

maximum magnification resolution / nm specimen used

A x 2 500 250 dead

B x 25 000 0.5 living

C x 250 000 0.5 dead

D x 500 000 250 living

11 [June 2011, P11, Q4] [Nov 2012, P12, Q4]Plant cells are stained and then viewed through a light microscope.

Which structures would be clearly visible at a magnification of ×400?

A chloroplast grana

B lysosomes

C nucleoli

D ribosomes

12 [Nov 2009, P12, Q1] [Nov 2004, P1, Q2]Which cell structure can be seen only with an electron microscope?

A cell surface membrane

B chromosome

C nucleolus

D vacuole

13 [June 2012, P11, Q1]Which group of structures is visible in a suitably stained plant cell using a high power (x400) light microscope?

centriole chromosomes mitochondria starch grainskey

= visible = not visible

A

B

C

D

Microscope & microscopy > Magnification & calculation14 [Nov 2004, P1, Q5]

The diagram is a plan of a transverse section through a leaf, drawn using a x 5 eyepiece and a x 8 objective lens of a microscope.

The actual distance across the leaf section is 7.5 mm. What is the magnification of the diagram?

A x5 B x8 C x20 D x40

15 [June 2007, P1, Q1]The diameter of living cells varies considerably.

Typical diameters are:

a prokaryote, such as Streptococcus - 750 nm a eukaryotic cell, such as a white blood cell - 15 μm

Given these measurements, the diameter of the white blood cell is how many times greater than the prokaryote?

A x 2 B x 20 C x 50 D x 200

16 [Nov 2010, P12, Q4]The diameter of living cells varies considerably.

The typical diameters are a eukaryote, such as a white blood cell 1.5 × 101 μm a prokaryote, such as Streptococcus 7.5 × 102 nm

Use these measurements to find the maximum number of each cell type which could fit along a line 1 cm long.

number of white blood cells number of Streptococcus cells

A 6.7 × 103 1.3 × 105

B 6.7 × 102 1.3 × 104

C 6.7 × 101 1.3 × 103

D 6.7 × 100 1.3 × 102

17 [June 2011, P12, Q5]A human aorta has a lumen width of 2 cm.

A human red blood cell has a diameter of 7 μm.

How many red blood cells could be laid end to end across the diameter of the aorta lumen?

A 2.9 × 10–3 B 2.9 × 10–2 C 2.9 × 102 D 2.9 × 103

18 [June 2006, P1, Q6]The diagram shows a cell surface membrane. The lipid bilayer has an approximate width of 8 nm.

How many times has the diagram been magnified?

A 2.5 × 102 B 2.5 × 104 C 2.5 × 106 D 2.5 × 108

19 [Nov 2012, P13, Q4]The diagram shows an organelle drawn at a magnification of ×20 000.

What is the maximum length of the organelle?

A 3 × 10–1 μm B 3 × 100 μm C 3 × 101 μm D 3 × 102 μm

20 [Nov 2006, P1, Q5]The diagram shows a high-power drawing of a plant cell.

The actual length of the cell between X and Y was 160 μm.

What is the magnification of the cell?

A x 50 B x 100 C x 500 D x 1000

21 [Nov 2009, P12, Q5]The photomicrograph of a cell has a 2 cm scale line labelled 5 μm.

What is the magnification of the photomicrograph?

A 1 × 103 B 2 × 103 C 4 × 103 D 5 × 103

22 [Nov 2012, P11, Q6]The diagram shows the ultrastructure of a cell from a dicotyledonous leaf.

What is the magnification?

A × 280 B × 2800 C × 3570 D × 7000

23 [Nov 2007, P1, Q1]The diagram shows part of a membrane around a vacuole of a plant cell.

What is the width of the membrane?

A 7.5 x 10-3 m B 7.5 x 10-6 m C 7.5 x 10-9 m D 7.5 x 10-12 m

24 [June 2012, P11, Q4]The magnification of the photomicrograph is ×4000.

What is the actual size of the nucleolus?

A 1 µm B 2 µm C 5 µm D 20 µm

25 [Nov 2003, P1, Q6]The diagram shows a drawing of an electronmicrograph.

What is the approximate length of one mitochondrion in this cell?

A 5 to 6 μm B 7 to 8 μm C 8 to 10 μm D 10 to 15 μm

26 [Nov 2008, P1, Q4]The diagram is a drawing made from an electron micrograph showing a cross-section of an alveolus and two adjacent capillaries.

What is the shortest distance travelled by an oxygen molecule diffusing from the alveolar air space into one of the red blood cells?

A 1.0 μm B 3.0 μm C 10.0 μm D 30.0 μm

27 [Nov 2012, P12, Q6]The photomicrograph shows some plant tissues and the magnification is ×200.

What is the diameter of the cell marked Z?

A 5 μm B 10 μm C 50 μm D 100 μm

28 [June 2012, P12, Q5]The diagram shows an electron micrograph of virus particles in a human nucleus.

What is the diameter of the labelled virus particles?

A 1.5 × 100 μm B 1.5 × 10–2 μm C 1.5 × 100 nm D 1.5 × 102 nm

Microscope & microscopy > Resolution29 [June 2005, P1, Q3]

What describes resolution in microscopy?

A the ability to distinguish between two objects that are very close together

B the clarity of the image formed by the microscope

C the number of times the image has been magnified by the objective lens

D the power of the microscope to focus on very small objects

30 [Nov 2003, P1, Q4] [June 2006, P1, Q1]What is the resolution, in nanometres, of an electron microscope and of a light microscope?

electron microscope light microscope

A 0.5 20

B 0.5 200

C 5.0 20

D 5.0 200

31 [June 2004, P1, Q3]What is responsible for the high resolution of the electron microscope?

A high magnification

B short wavelength of the electron beam

C use of heavy metal stains

D very thin sections

32 [June 2012, P12, Q4]What restricts the resolution of the light microscope?

A the inability to cut very thin sections

B the low light intensity of microscope lamps

C the low magnification produced by glass

D the wavelengths of visible light

33 [Nov 2007, P1, Q3] [Nov 2010, P12, Q2]A specimen is viewed under a microscope using green light with a wavelength of 510 nm.

If the same specimen is viewed under the same conditions, but using red light with a wavelength of 650 nm instead, what effect will this have on the magnification and on the resolution of the microscope?

magnification resolution

A decreased decreased

B increased increased

C remains the same increased

D remains the same decreased

34 [June 2012, P11, Q5]A microscope has a resolution of 200 nm. Which of the following organelles would not be resolved using this microscope?

A chloroplasts B lysosomes C mitochondria D ribosomes

35 [Nov 2007, P1, Q5]A student is asked to study two photographs, taken at the same magnification, of a palisade mesophyll

cell, one using a high quality light microscope and the other using an electron microscope.

The student observed

1 the cisternae of the Golgi apparatus2 the grana in the chloroplasts3 the two membranes of the nuclear envelope4 the vacuole enclosed by a tonoplast

Which features can be seen because of the higher resolution of the electron microscope?

A 1, 2 and 3 B 1, 2 and 4 C 1, 3 and 4 D 2, 3 and 4

36 [Nov 2012, P13, Q3]The same plant cells were viewed by a student using an electron microscope and a light microscope.

The electron microscope used a magnification of ×1000.

The light microscope used a ×10 eyepiece lens and a ×100 objective lens.

The student concluded that the image of the plant cell obtained using the electron microscope was clearer and more detailed than the image obtained using the light microscope.

Which explanation supports this conclusion?

A The electron microscope had a poorer resolution than the light microscope, but was better able to distinguish between two separate points.

B The magnification used in the two microscopes was the same, but the electron microscope had a better resolution than the light microscope.

C The student used the electron microscope at a higher magnification than the light microscope which led to an improved resolution.

D The two microscopes had the same resolution, but the magnification used in the electron microscope gave an image that was ten times larger than the light microscope.

Microscope & microscopy > Microscopy & Plan diagrams37 [June 2010, P11, Q2]

The diagram below is drawn from an electron micrograph of an animal cell.

Which represents the same cell, seen under a light (optical) microscope at ×400 magnification? [C]

38 [June 2009, P1, Q4]A plan diagram is made of a transverse section of a leaf.

Which features should be seen in the diagram?

1. the overall distribution of tissues

2. the relative thicknesses of the tissue layers

3. those cells which contain chloroplasts

A 1 and 2 only B 1 and 3 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2 and 3

39 [Nov 2012, P11, Q2]Four students were asked to suggest a set of four labels to add to a plan diagram of a transverse section of a dicotyledonous leaf.

Which student, A, B, C or D, suggested a correct set of labels?

label 1 label 2 label 3 label 4

A lower epidermis phloem spongy mesophyll palisade mesophyll

B phloem sieve tubes upper epidermis spongy mesophyll xylem vessel elements

C spongy mesophyll endodermis xylem vessel elements palisade mesophyll

D waxy cuticle xylem companion cells spongy mesophyll

40 [June 2007, P1, Q2]In constructing a plan diagram of a transverse section of a dicotyledonous leaf, which feature should not be included?

A chloroplasts in the palisade mesophyll layer

B cuticle on the upper epidermis

C vascular bundles in the leaf lamina

D xylem in the vascular bundles

41 [Nov 2012, P13, Q5]When drawing a plan diagram of a transverse section of a dicotyledonous leaf, which feature should not be included?

A cuticle on the upper epidermis

B palisade mesophyll layer

C vascular bundles in the leaf lamina

D xylem vessel elements

42 [June 2012, P12, Q2]A student was asked to draw a plan diagram of the plant tissue shown in the photomicrograph and to annotate two observable features.

What are the correct annotations?

A epidermis darkly stained layer of cells, xylem hollow vessels

B epidermis formed of single layer of cells, xylem strengthened by lignin

C phloem small cells, xylem empty cells to transport water

D vascular bundles arranged in a regular pattern, xylem large dead cells

43 [Nov 2009, P12, Q4]Which plan diagram of a transverse section of a leaf correctly shows the position of xylem and phloem as well as the fact that the palisade mesophyll is twice as thick as the spongy mesophyll? [C]

Microscope & microscopy > Micrometry44 [June 2011, P12, Q1]

Using a stage micrometer scale, one unit of an eyepiece graticule was calculated as 0.005 mm. The diameter of a spongy mesophyll cell was counted as 3.5 units on the eyepiece graticule.

What is the estimate of the diameter of the cell?

A 0.18 μm B 1.8 μm C 18.0 μm D 180 μm

45 [June 2010, P11, Q3]The diagram shows a stage micrometer, with divisions 0.1 mm apart, viewed through an eyepiece containing a graticule.

What is the area of the field of view of the microscope at this magnification? (π = 3.14)

A π × 12.5 × 12.5 = 4.9 × 102 μm2

B π × 55 × 55 = 9.5 × 103 μm2

C π × 125 × 125 = 4.9 × 104 μm2

D π × 250 × 250 = 2.0 × 105 μm2

46 [Nov 2006, P1, Q1] [Nov 2011, P11, Q5] [Nov 2011, P12, Q5]The diagram shows a stage micrometer on which the small divisions are 0.1 mm. It is viewed through an eyepiece containing a graticule.

The stage micrometer is replaced by a slide of a plant cell.

What is the width of a chloroplast?

A 5 μm B 10 μm C 50 μm D 100 μm

47 [June 2007, P1, Q4]The diagram shows a graduated slide, with divisions of 0.1 mm viewed using an eyepiece graticule.

Pollen grains were grown in a sugar solution and viewed using the eyepiece graticule. Diagram 1 shows the pollen grains at first and diagram 2 shows them after four hours.

What is the growth rate of the pollen tubes?

A 5 μmh–1 B 10 μmh–1 C 5 mmh–1 D 10 mmh–1

48 [Nov 2010, P12, Q1]Which steps are needed to find the actual width of a xylem vessel viewed in transverse section using a ×40 objective lens?

1. Convert from mm to μm by multiplying by 10–3.2. Calibrate the eyepiece graticule using a stage micrometer on ×10 objective lens.3. Measure the width of the xylem vessel using an eyepiece graticule.4. Multiply the number of eyepiece graticule units by the calibration of the eyepiece graticule.

A 1, 2, 3 and 4

B 2, 3 and 4 only

C 1 and 2 only

D 3 and 4 only

Eukaryotic cells > Properties of cells49 [Nov 2012, P12, Q3]

The following are all features of eukaryotic cells.

1 chloroplast2 Golgi apparatus3 lysosome4 mitochondrion5 nucleus

Which of these has a single membrane?

A 1 and 2 B 2 and 3 C 3 and 4 D 4 and 5

50 [June 2012, P11, Q3]The following are all features of eukaryotic cells.

1 chloroplast2 endoplasmic reticulum 3 lysosome4 mitochondrion 5 nucleus

Which of these have a double membrane?

A 1, 2 and 4 B 1, 3 and 5 C 1, 4 and 5 D 2, 3 and 5

51 [June 2010, P11, Q5]Which observation suggest that a cell is eukaryotic?

cytoplasm includes endoplasmic

reticulum

protein molecules are associated with the

DNA

ribosomes distributed through the cytoplasm

key

= found in eukaryotes

= not found in eukaryotes

A

B

C

D

52 [June 2011, P11, Q3]Which structures are present in a typical plant cell?

centrioles cilia mitochondria vacuole

key

= present = absent

A

B

C

D

53 [June 2010, P11, Q4]Which structures are found in both animal and plant cells?

1 centriole2 lysosome3 nucleolus4 vacuole

A 1 and 3 only B 2 and 4 only C 2, 3 and 4 only D 1, 2, 3 and 4

54 [Nov 2005, P1, Q2]Which structures are found in plant cells but not in animal cells?

A centrioles

B mitochondria

C nucleoli

D plasmodesmata

55 [June 2009, P1, Q5]The table shows some of the structural features present or absent in four different cell types.

Which identifies the cell type for each column of features?

= feature present = feature absent

cell wall

centrioles

chloroplast

Golgi apparatus

large vacuole

A ciliated epithelial cell prokaryotic cell root cortex cell spongy mesophyll

cell

B root cortex cell spongy mesophyll cell prokaryotic cell ciliated epithelial

cell

C prokaryotic cell ciliated epithelial cell

spongy mesophyll cell root cortex cell

D spongy mesophyll cell root cortex cell ciliated epithelial

cell prokaryotic cell

56 [Nov 2006, P1, Q3]The diagram shows an electron micrograph of a plant cell.

What do structures X, Y and Z contain?

X Y Z

A air chlorophyll protein

B mineral ions starch DNA and RNA

C water mineral ions starch

D starch DNA and RNA mineral ions

Eukaryotic cells > Specific structures57 [June 2010, P11, Q16]

Membranes within and at the surface of cells have different roles.

The diagram allows the identification of the various organelles within the cell, by describing the membrane structure and function.

Which of the outcomes shown below correctly identifies the organelles that possess the membrane and function concerned?

1 2 3 4 5 6

A chloroplast vesicle smooth ER rough ER nucleolus mitochondrion

B nucleolus rough ER vesicle smooth ER nucleus mitochondrion

C nucleus rough ER vesicle smooth ER mitochondrion chloroplast

D nucleus smooth ER mitochondrion rough ER vesicle chloroplast

58 [June 2011, P11, Q5]Which type of cell will contain the highest proportion of single membrane-bound structures?

A ciliated epithelial cell

B goblet cell

C red blood cell

D smooth muscle cell

59 [June 2003, P1, Q2]Which pair of organelles has internal membranes?

A chloroplasts and mitochondria

B chloroplasts and nuclei

C mitochondria and ribosomes

D nuclei and ribosomes

60 [June 2006, P1, Q2]The diagram shows a drawing of an electron micrograph of a cell.

Which structures are surrounded by double membranes?

Golgi apparatus lysosome mitochondrion nucleus cytoplasm

A

B

C

D

61 [Nov 2012, P13, Q2]What leaves the nucleus through the pores in the nuclear envelope?

1 DNA2 mRNA3 ribosomes

A 1 only B 2 only C 1 and 2 D 2 and 3

62 [Nov 2004, P1, Q1] [Nov 2008, P1, Q2]The diagram shows the ultrastructure of a eukaryotic cell.

Which organelle does not contain nucleic acid? [A]

63 [Nov 2010, P12, Q3]Which cell organelle does not contain nucleic acid?

A chloroplast

B Golgi apparatus

C lysosome

D ribosome

64 [June 2003, P1, Q1] [June 2004, P1, Q5]An actively growing cell is supplied with radioactive amino acids.

Which cell component would first show an increase in radioactivity?

A Golgi body

B mitochondrion

C nucleus

D rough endoplasmic reticulum

65 [June 2009, P1, Q2]Cells which do not have nucleoli die because they do not have

A centrioles and cannot divide.

B mitochondria and cannot release energy.

C mRNA and cannot transcribe DNA.

D ribosomes and cannot synthesise protein.

66 [Nov 2011, P12, Q4]Which cell components contain mRNA?

1 chloroplast

2 mitochondrion

3 nucleus

4 rough endoplasmic reticulum

A 1, 2, 3 and 4 B 1, 2 and 3 only C 2, 3 and 4 only D 3 and 4 only

67 [Nov 2012, P11, Q4]Which row correctly identifies all the locations of ribosomes in a eukaryotic cell?

free in cytoplasm

in mitochondria

attached to ER

attached to nuclear

envelope in nucleus

key

= present = absent

A

B

C

D

68 [Nov 2005, P1, Q4]A piece of mammalian tissue was homogenised and centrifuged. The biochemical activity of four subcellular fractions was investigated.

Which diagram indicates the fraction with maximum synthesis of messenger RNA? [B]

69 [SAM databank]If liver cells are separated into nuclei, mitochondria and cytoplasm components, and these components were analysed for protein, RNA and DNA, the results obtained would be shown in the table.

Percentage of RNA, DNA or protein (%)

RNA DNA Protein

X 12 99 15

Y 84 0 67

Z 4 1 18

The correct identity of X, Y and Z are

X Y Z

A nucleus mitochondria cytoplasm

B mitochondria cytoplasm nucleus

C nucleus cytoplasm mitochondria

D mitochondria nucleus cytoplasm

70 [Nov 2011, P12, Q3]Ribosomes exist as separate subunits that bind together during protein synthesis.

What do these subunits consist of?

A mRNA and protein

B mRNA and tRNA

C rRNA and protein

D rRNA and tRNA

71 [Nov 2011, P11, Q2]Which cell components contain ribosomes?

1 chloroplast

2 mitochondrion

3 nucleus

4 cytoplasm

A 1, 2, 3 and 4 B 1, 2 and 3 only C 1 and 2 only D 3 and 4 only

72 [Nov 2006, P1, Q2]The diagram shows an electron micrograph of a typical animal cell.

What is the function of the membrane system labelled X?

A carbohydrate metabolism

B lipid synthesis

C protein synthesis

D protein synthesis and transport

73 [Nov 2003, P1, Q3] [Nov 2007, P1, Q2]The diagram is taken from an electron micrograph of a cell which secretes digestive enzymes.

Where are these enzymes made? [C]

74 [Nov 2012, P11, Q1]The diagram is a drawing from an electron micrograph of a cell.

Which structure indicates that this is a secretory cell? [B]

75 [June 2005, P1, Q4] [Nov 2009, P12, Q6]What is a function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

A aerobic respiration

B intracellular digestion

C synthesis of steroids

D transport of proteins

76 [Nov 2005, P1, Q1]The diagram shows the ultrastructure of a typical animal cell.

Which structure synthesises and transports lipids and steroids? [C]

77 [June 2006, P1, Q3]In which animal cells would Golgi apparatus be most abundant?

A ciliated epithelial cells

B goblet cells

C red blood cells

D smooth muscle cells

78 [June 2007, P1, Q3] [June 2011, P12, Q2]Membranous sacs containing products of metabolism are formed by the endoplasmic reticulum in cells.

Where are these products used?

A inside and outside the cell

B inside lysosomes only

C inside the cell only

D outside the cell only

79 [June 2008, P1, Q2]When mucus is secreted from a goblet cell in the trachea, these events take place.

1. addition of carbohydrate to protein2. fusion of the vesicle with the plasma membrane3. secretion of a glycoprotein4. separation of a vesicle from the Golgi apparatus

What is the sequence in which these events take place?

A 1 → 4 → 2 → 3

B 1 → 4 → 3 → 2

C 4 → 1 → 2 → 3

D 4 → 1 → 3 → 2

80 [SAM databank]Which one of the following sequences of cell structures correctly describes the pathway that leads to the production, transport, and secretion of the protein thyroxine by thyroid gland cells?

A nucleus ribosomes endoplasmic reticulum Golgi body cell membrane

B nucleus ribosomes vesicle endoplasmic reticulum cell membrane

C ribosome mitochondria Golgi body vesicle cell membrane

D ribosome endoplasmic reticulum nucleus Golgi body cell membrane

81 [SAM databank]The photomicrograph below shows an organelle from an eukaryotic cell.

This organelle is the site of

A starch formation.

B photosynthesis.

C ATP synthesis.

D glycogen storage.

82 [Nov 2011, P11, Q3]Where would cristae be found in a cell?

1 endoplasmic reticulum

2 Golgi apparatus

3 mitochondrion

A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 3 D 3 only

83 [Nov 2005, P1, Q5]The action of which cell depends on large numbers of lysosomes?

A ciliated epithelial cell

B goblet cell

C lymphocyte

D phagocyte

84 [June 2004, P1, Q4] [June 2008, P1, Q5]A piece of mammalian tissue was homogenised and subjected to differential centrifugation to yield four subcellular fractions. The activity within each fraction, of four different types of enzyme, A, B, C and D, was investigated.

Which bar chart shows the results of investigating hydrolytic enzyme activity? [C]

Eukaryotic cells > Size of cells & cellular structures85 [Nov 2011, P12, Q1]

What is the diameter of a typical plant cell?

A 1.0 × 102 nm

B 4.0 × 102 nm

C 4.0 × 100 μm

D 4.0 × 101 μm

86 [June 2012, P12, Q1]Which range of sizes would include most eukaryotic cells?

A 1 × 102 nm to 1 μm

B 1 μm to 1 × 101 μm

C 1 × 101 μm to 1 × 102 μm

D 1 × 102 μm to 1 × 103 μm

87 [June 2004, P1, Q1] [Nov 2005, P1, Q6] [June 2008, P1, Q1]What is the order of size of cell components?

largest —————————————————————————————→ smallest

A mitochondria ribosomes starch grains nuclei

B nuclei chloroplast mitochondria ribosomes

C ribosomes mitochondria chloroplast starch grains

D starch grains mitochondria chloroplast ribosomes

Prokaryotic cells > Properties of cells88 [Nov 2012, P12, Q5]

Which size range would include most prokaryotic cells? [B]

89 [Nov 2011, P11, Q1]What is the diameter of a typical prokaryote, such as Streptococcus?

A 7.5 × 101 nm

B 7.5 × 102 nm

C 7.5 × 100 μm

D 7.5 × 101 μm

90 [SAM databank]Which one of the following alternatives is incorrect?

Prokaryotic organisms

A lack a discrete nucleus.

B are all heterotrophic.

C show little cellular structure even when viewed under an electron microscope.

D contain ribosomes.

91 [June 2012, P11, Q2]What are always present in prokaryote cells?

A capsules B flagella C pili D ribosomes

92 [Nov 2004, P1, Q4]

Which components are present in prokaryotic cells?

A chloroplasts, DNA, nuclear envelope

B chromosomes, mitochondria, nuclear envelope

C cytoplasm, DNA, mitochondria

D cytoplasm, DNA, ribosomes

93 [June 2006, P1, Q5] [Nov 2009, P12, Q2]Which is a feature of all prokaryotic cells?

A absence of cell surface membrane

B division by mitosis

C presence of mitochondria

D presence of ribosomes

94 [Nov 2012, P12, Q2]What are the characteristics of a prokaryotic cell?

endoplasmic reticulum genetic material

A absent DNA

B absent RNA

C present DNA

D present RNA

95 [June 2011, P12, Q4]Which of the structures are found in photosynthetic prokaryotes?

1 cell surface membrane

2 cellulose wall

3 mesosomes

4 ribosomes

5 chloroplasts

A 1, 2, 3 and 4 only B 1, 2, 4 and 5 only C 1, 3 and 4 only D 2, 3 and 5 only

96 [June 2003, P1, Q3] [Nov 2008, P1, Q5]Which combination is found in a prokaryotic cell?

endoplasmic reticulum DNA RNA nucleus key

present absent

A

B

C

D

97 [Nov 2011, P11, Q4]Which cell components are present in all prokaryotic cells?

cell surface membrane cell wall endoplasmic

reticulum flagellum

key

= present = absent

A

B

C

D

98 [June 2005, P1, Q1]What identifies a cell as a prokaryote?

A The DNA is associated with protein.

B The DNA is in a circular form.

C The DNA is in the form of a double spiral.

D The DNA is surrounded by a membrane system.

99 [SAM databank]The presence of which one of the following substances in a cell structure provides evidence for identifying the cell as eukaryotic // prokaryotic?

A Chlorophyll in a chloroplast.

B Lipids in the cell membrane.

C mRNA in the cell.

D A circular DNA in the cells.

100 [SAM databank]Which one of the following combinations correctly identifies a cellular structure, its function, and the type of cell in which it is found?

cellular structure function type of cell

A circular loop of DNA contains information for the synthesis of proteins eukaryotic

B ribosome the site of protein synthesis prokaryotic

C linear DNA contains information for the synthesis of mRNA molecules prokaryotic

D endoplasmic reticulum the site for the packaging and secretion of proteins eukaryotic

101 [Nov 2008, P1, Q3]Mitochondria are thought to have evolved from prokaryotic cells that were ingested by an ancestral cell.

Which feature have the prokaryotes lost during their evolution into mitochondria?

A cell wall

B circular chromosome

C endoplasmic reticulum

D ribosomes

102 [June 2007, P1, Q5]In 1985, a giant bacterium, Epulopiscium fishelsoni, was discovered.

Which cell structure(s) would be present in Epulopiscium enabling biologists to classify this organism as prokaryotic?

A a cellulose cell wall outside the plasma membrane

B a pair of centrioles close to the nuclear area

C circular DNA lying free in the cytoplasm

D smooth endoplasmic reticulum throughout the cytoplasm

Prokaryotic cells > Difference between eu- vs. prokaryotic cells103 [Nov 2010, P12, Q5]

Cells consist of a number of different components.

Which row shows the components present () in both a prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell?

lysosomes Golgi apparatus ribosomes cell membrane

A

B

C

D

104 [Nov 2006, P1, Q4]Which organelles are found in the cells of both eukaryotes and prokaryotes?

A chloroplasts

B Golgi apparatus

C mitochondria

D ribosomes

105 [Nov 2012, P13, Q1]

Which feature is found in both prokaryotic and plant cells?

A cell wall

B DNA bound to protein

C endoplasmic reticulum

D Golgi apparatus

106 [Nov 2012, P11, Q3]Which of the following are found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

1 cellulose2 deoxyribose3 lipids4 ribose

A 1, 2 and 3 B 1, 2 and 4 C 1, 3 and 4 D 2, 3 and 4

107 [June 2004, P1, Q2]The diagram shows the structure of a typical plant cell.

Which cell component is also present in prokaryotes? [A]

108 [Nov 2011, P12, Q6]Which processes occur in eukaryotes and prokaryotes?

1 hydrolysis

2 mitosis

3 transcription

4 translation

A 1, 2 and 3 B 1, 2 and 4 C 1, 3 and 4 D 2, 3 and 4

109 [SAM databank]Which one of the following combinations is correct.

components of both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells

components of eukaryotic but not prokaryotic cells

A mitochondria cell membrane

B cell membrane DNA

C cell membrane mitochondria

D DNA cell membrane

110 [June 2008, P1, Q4] [June 2012, P12, Q3]Which structure is present in all eukaryotic cells but not present in prokaryotic cells?

A 70S ribosome B cell wall C chromatin D plasmid

111 [SAM databank]Which one of the following statements best describes one difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

A Prokaryotic cells do not have the cellular components for autotrophic nutrition.

B Prokaryotic cells do not have a nuclear membrane.

C Prokaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles different from those of eukaryotic cells.

D Prokaryotic cells have a higher degree of specialization than eukaryotic cells have.