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Li, HA., Bai, Y.-x., Zhang, Y.-s. Determination of calcium, magnesium, aluminium, iron, titanium, haf- nium and silicon in zirconium dioxide by AES. Guangpuxue Yu Guangpu Fenxi, 1993, 14(2), 79. (Dept. Appl. Chem., Shandong Build. Mater. Inst., Jinan 250022, China ).

Liu, HA., Zhang, X.-h., Chen, X.-k. Quantitative study of the mechanism of ethanol effect in ICP-AES. I. Relative contribution of ethanol interference function and various interference factors. Fenxi Shiyanshi, 1993, 12(4), 1. (Dept. Chem., Nankai Univ., Tianjin 300071, China).

Yao, J.-y., Xie, W.-b., Ye, Y.-c., Xiang, R.-y. Determination of gold and silver in geological samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Guangpuxue Yu Guangpu Fenxi, 1994, 14(2), 83. (Changchun Inst. Appl. Chem., Acad. Sin., Changchun 130022, China).

He, H.-w. Determination of trace europium in rare earths by graphite furnace atomic absorption spec- trometry. Guangpuxue Yu Guangpu Fenxi, 1994, 14(2), 97. (Hunan Inst. Rare Earth Met. Mater., Changsha 410014, China).

Shao, W.-j. Flame atomic absorption spectrophoto- metric determination of gold and silver in placer gold. Guangpuxue Yu Guangpu Fenxi, 1994, 14(2), 105. (Shenyang Lab. Rock Miner. Res., Minist. Geol. Miner. Resour., Sheyang 110032, China).

Chen, X.-m., Yan, J. ICP-AES determination of trace silver in silicate. Guilin Yejin Dizhi Xueyuan Xuebao, 1993, 13(1), 111. (Dept. Appl. Chem., Guilin Coll. Geol., Guilin, China).

Zhang, B.-c., Zhang, C. Technique on pulsed and transient modes of atomization by cathode sputtering in a glow discharge for atomic absorption spectrometry. Huaxue Tongbao, 1994, 3, 21. (Dept. Chem., Hubei Univ., Wuhan 430062, China).

Morgan, C. G. Laser-induced plasmas and resonance ionization spectroscopies. IEE Proc.: Sci. Meas. Technol., 1994, 141, 83. (Dept. Phys., Univ. Coll. Swansea, Swansea, UK SA2 8PP).

Mohamed, M. M., Mossaad, M. M., Nasra, M. K., Nasr, F. I., Fikry, N. M. Direct introduction of solid and powder samples into a rotating arc plasma jet. Zndian J. Pure Appl. Phys., 1994, 32, 471. (Med. Res. Inst., Univ. Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt).

Bamiro, F. O., Littlejohn, D. Critical examination of the analytical significance of background intensities and RSD on detection limits of elements at different wavelengths in ICP-AES. Znt. J. Chem., 1993, 4, 129. (Dept. Chem. Sci., Univ. Agric., Abeokuta, Nigeria).

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Hu, J.-y., Hirokawa, T., Nishiyama, F., Kimura, G., Kiso, Y., Ito, K., Shoto, E. Analysis for trace rare earth elements in misch metal by means of ITP-PIXE method. Int. J. PIXE, 1993, 3, 89. (Fac. Eng., Hiroshima Univ., Higashi-hiroshima 724, Japan). Eid, M. A., Naim, G., Mahdy, A. A., Nada, N., Abdel, M. S. Application of ICP-AES to the determination of REE in Egypt's black sand deposits. J. Alloys Compd., 1994, 207, 482. (Spectrosc. Dept., Phys. Div., Natl. Res. Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt ). Lammert, S. A., Cleven, C. D., Cooks, R. G. Determination of ion frequencies in a quadrupole ion trap by using a fast direct current pulse as pump and a laser probe. J. Am. SOC. Mass Spectrom., 1994, 5, 29. (Dept. Chem., Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA). Ecker, K. H., Pritzkow, W. Measurement of isotope ratios in solids by glow discharge mass spectrometry. Fresenius' J . Anal. Chem., 1994,349,207. (Bundesanstalt Materialforsch-pruefung, D-12205 Berlin, Germany). Lee, J.-s., Myers, T. H., Giles, N. C., Dean, B. E., Johnson, C. J. Optical quenching of bound excitons in CdTe and Cd,-,Zn,Te alloys: a technique to measure copper concentration. J. Appl. Phys., 1994, 76, 537. (Dept. Phys., West Virginia Univ., Morgantown, WV 26506, USA).

Sun, X.-Y., Aue, W. A. Constancy of spectral response ratios in the flame photometric detector. J. Chromatogr., A , 1994, 667, 191. (Dept. Chem., Dalhousie Univ., Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 453). Falter, R., Schoeler, H. F. Interfacing high-performance liquid chromatography and cold-vapour atomic absorp- tion spectrometry with online UV irradiation for the determination of organic mercury compounds. J. Chromatogr., A, 1994,675,253. (Inst. Sedimentforsch., Univ. Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany ). Kumar, U., Dorsey, J. G., Caruso, J. A., Evans, E. H. Metalloporphyrin speciation by liquid chromatography and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. Sci., 1994, 32, 282. (Dept. Chem., Univ. Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 4522 1-0 172, USA). Chen, H.-w., Zhu, R.c., Wu, J.-z. Continuous plumbane generation in citric acid potassium ferricyanide medium for the determination of lead in environmental samples by atomic absorption spectrometry. J. Environ. Sci. Health, Part A, 1994, A29,867. (Dept. Chem., Hangzhou Univ., Hangzhou 310028, China). Torok, Sz., Faigel, Gy., Jones, K. W., Rivers, M. L., Sutton, S. R., Bajt, S. Chemical characterization of environmental particulate matter using synchrotron radiation. X-Ray Spectrom., 1994, 23, 3. (Central Res. Inst. Phys., P.O. Box 49, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary).

Labar, J. L. Anomalous X-ray absorption of the Ma lines in the rare earth elements. X-Ray Spectrom., 1994, 23, 19. (Res. Inst. Tech. Phys., Hungarian Acad. Sci., H-1325 Budapest, Hungary). Beckhoff, B., Laursen, J. Bent and flat highly oriented pyrolytic graphite crystals as small Bragg angle mono- chromators in thin-specimen energy dispersive XRF analysis. X-Ray Spectrom., 1994, 23, 7. (Dept. Phys., Univ. Bremen, P.O. 330, D-28334 Bremen, Germany). Sweeney, R. J., Jablonski, W., Sie, S. H. Determination of selected trace elements in silicates by electron and proton probe microanalysis. X-Ray Spectrom., 1994, 23, 91. (Univ. Tasmania, G.P.O. 252C, Hobart 7001, Australia). Kallithrakas-Kontos, N., Katsanos, A. A. Efficiency calibration of a Ge( In) semiconductor detector by thin- and thick-target PIXE. X-Ray Spectrom., 1994, 23, 96. (Dept. Sci., Tech. Univ. Crete, GR-73 100 Chania, Greece). Altynov, V. A., Blokhin, S. M. Effect of features of inner atomic shells excitation by accelerated ions on the

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shape of the emitted X-ray lines. X-Ray Spectrom., 1994, 23, 79. (Joint Inst. Nucl. Res., 141980 Dubna, Russia).

Stoyanchev, R., Iliev, Tz., Recalov, K. Method for quantitative electron microprobe EDS X-ray analysis of small inclusions in matrices with similar composition. X-Ray Spectrom., 1994, 23, 105. (Inst. Phys. Chem., Bulgarian Acad. Sci., Sofia 11 13, Bulgaria).

Valdr6, G. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy of surface micro- transformations in Ca-P glasses. X-Ray Spectrom., 1994, 23, 120. (Dept. Mineral. Sci., Piazza di Porta S. Donato 1, 1-40126 Bologna, Italy ).

Bakaleinikov, L. A., Tropp, E. A. Kinetic equation- based calculation of the electron distribution in the target exposed to the electron beam. X-Ray Spectrom., 1994, 23, 125. (A. F. Ioffe Phys.-Tech. Inst., RAN, Polytechnicheskaya Str. 26, St. Petersburg 194021, Russia).

Khadikar, P. V., Joshi, S., Mangalson, N. F., Silk, J. E. Effect of counter ions on X-ray absorption discontinuity. X-Ray Spectrom., 1994, 23, 137. (Chem. Dept., Devi Ahilya Univ., 3 Khatipura, Indore-452007, India).

Zhu, G. Determination of barium content in industrial solid waste by air-acetylene flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Second Asian Symposium on Academic Activity for Waste Treatment and Resources (AAWTR), August 23-25, 1994, Hangzhou, China (Beijing Municipal Environ. Monitoring Centre, Beijing 100044, China ).

Ikatsu, H., Tanaka, M., Shinoda, S. Determination of semimetals in treated wastewater by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry after coprecipitation with lanthanum hydroxide. Second Asian Symposium on Academic Activity for Waste Treatment and Resources (AAWTR), August 23-25, 1994, Hangzhou, China (Center Environ. Sci. Technol., Okayama Univ., Japan).

Sun, F.-s., Ji, X.-x. Study of determination of lead in environmental waters using DDDC-MIBK extraction and flame atomic absorption. Second Asian Symposium on Academic Activity for Waste Treatment and Resources (AAWTR), August 23-25, 1994, Hangzhou, China (Dept. Environ. Protection, Suzhou Inst. Urban Construct. Environ. Protect., Postcode 21 5008, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China).

Yin, X.-f., Liu, M. Determination of ultra-trace amounts of molybdenum in seawater by flow injection on-line preconcentration graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Second Asian Symposium on Academic Activity for Waste Treatment and Resources (AAWTR), August 23-25, 1994, Hangzhou, China (Dept. Chem., Zhejiang Univ., Hangzhou 310027, China).

Chen, H.-w., Xu, S.-k., Fang, Z.-1. Flame atomic absorption spectrometric determination of trace amount of copper in environmental samples using flow injection on-line adsorption preconcentration. Second Asian Symposium on Academic Activity for Waste Treatment and Resources (AAWTR), August 23-25, 1994, Hangzhou, China (Dept. Chem., Hangzhou Univ., Hanzhou 310028, China).

Ni, Z.-m., He, B., Han, H.-b. Determination of trace selenium and tellurium in environmental and biological samples. Second Asian Symposium on Academic Activity for Waste Treatment and Resources (AAWTR), August 23-25, 1994, Hangzhou, China (Res. Centre Eco-Environ. Sci., Acad. Sin., ).

Potts, P. J., Webb, P. C., Thorpe, 0. W., Watson, J. S., Kilworth, R. Field-portable X-ray fluorescence analysis: the development of procedures for the chemical charac- terization of 'real' geological samples of irregular shape. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside, England, September 18-22, 1994 (Dept.

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Earth Sci., Open Univ., Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, UK MK7 6AA).

Rao, T. G., Govil, P. K. Merits of using Ba as heavy absorber in major element analysis of rock samples by XRF: new data on ASK- 1 and ASK-2 reference samples. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside, England, September 18-22, 1994 (XRF Laboratory, Natl. Geophys. Res. Inst., Hyderabad, 500 077, India ).

Renault, J., McKee, C. XRF analysis of environmental Pb using thin film principles. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside, England, September 18-22, 1994 (New Mexico Bur. Mines & Min. Resour., New Mexico Inst. Mining & Technol., Campus Station, Socorro, NM 87801, USA).

Cawley, J., West, M., Wills, R. Analysis and characteriz- ation of water treatment plant sludges by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside, England, September 18-22, 1994 (Mater. Res. Inst., Sheffield Hallam Univ., Sheffield, UK S1 1WB).

Webb, P. C., Potts. P. J., Watson, J. S., Ramsey, M. H. Evaluation of realistic precision and detection limits in XRF analysis for corss-method comparison. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside, England, September 18-22, 1994 (Dept. Earth Sci., Open Univ., Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, UK MK7 6AA).

Elsenbroek, J. H. Instrumentation and analytical tech- nique for the analyses of regional geochemical samples used at the South African Geological Survey. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside, England, September 18-22, 1994 (Geol. Surv. South Africa, Private Bag X112, Pretoria 0001, South Africa ).

Halliday, A. N., Christensen, J. C., Hall, C. M., Jones, C. E., Lee, D.-C., Teagle, D., Walder, A. J., Entwistle, A. Recent geological developments in inductively coupled plasma multiple collector mass spectrometry. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside, England, September 18-22, 1994 (Dept. Geol. Sci., Univ. Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA).

Nesbitt, R. W., Hirata, T., Raith, A. U-Pb dating of zircons by laser ablation ICP-MS. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside, England, September 18-22, 1994 (Dept. Geol., Univ. Southampton, UK SO17 1BJ).

Garbe-Schonberg, C.-D., Reimann, C., Pavlov, V. A. Tree ring profiles from pine and birch from industrially polluted areas of the Barents region, Russia and Norway as measured by ICP-MS laser ablation. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside, England, September 18-22, 1994 (ICP-MS Lab., Geol. Palaontol. Inst., Olshausenstr. 40, D-24118 Kiel, Germany).

Chenery, S., Cook, J. M., Lidiard, H., Milton, D., Williams, C. T. Determination of trace elements in biologically derived materials as environmental indi- cators. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside, England, September 18-22, 1994 (Anal. Geochem. Group, British Geol. Surv., Keyworth, Nottingham, UK NG12 5GG).

Jeffries, T., Perkins, B., Pearce, N. Comparisons of infra-red, green and ultraviolet laser ablation ICP-MS in mineral analysis. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside, England, September 18-22, 1994 (Geochem. Group, Inst. Earth Studies, Univ. Wales, Aberystwyth, Dyfed, UK SY23 3DB).

Longerich, H. P., Jackson, S. E., Gunther, D. Geoanalysis using a new ultra high sensitivity induc- tively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) with solution nebulizaiton and laser ablation micro- probe (LAM) sample introduction. Geoanalysis 94,

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Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside, England, September 18-22, 1994 (Dept. Earth Sci. and Centre Earth Resour. Res., Memorial Univ. Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland, Canada A1B 3x5).

Cave, M., Reeder, S. Application of multivariate statistical analysis to the reconstruction of pore-water chemistries. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside, England, September 18-22, 1994 (Anal. Geochem. Group, British Geol. Surv., Keyworth, Nottingham, UK NG12 5GG).

Coles, B. J., Gleeson, S., Wilkinson, J. J., Ramsey, M. H. Improved detection limits for transient signal analysis of fluid inclusion by ICP-AES using correlated background correction (CBC). Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside, England, September 18-22,1994 (Dept. Geol., Imperial Coll. Sci., Technol. and Med., Prince Consort Rd., London, UK SW7 2BP).

Olsen, S. D., Brekke, T., Filby, R. H., Isaksen, G. H. Trace metals in petroleum exploration samples by ICP-MS. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside, England, September 18-22, 1994 (RF-Rogoland Res., P.O. Box 2503, Ullandhaug, 4004 Stavanger, Norway ).

Garnett, D. Geoanalytical trends in Australia. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside, England, September 18-22, 1994 (Becquerel Labs., PMB 1, Menai, NSW 2234, Australia).

Giblin, A. Detection of concealed ore-deposits in Australia using high quality groundwater analyses. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside, England, September 18-22, 1994 (CSIRO, Div. Explor. Min., P.O. Box 136, North Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia ).

Liezers, M. Improved isotope ratio measurements at low concentrations using enhanced performance quad- rupole ICP-MS. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside, England, September 18-22, 1994 (Fisons Instruments Elemental Analysis, Road Three, Ion Path, Winsford, Cheshire, UK CW7 3BX).

Porteous, N. C., Walsh, J. N., Jarvis, K. E. Measurement of boron isotope ratios in groundwater studies. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside, England, September 18-22, 1994 (Geol. Dept., Royal Holloway Coll., Univ. London, Egham, Surrey, UK TW20 OEX). Dulski, P. Distribution of Y and REE in fluorite: an ICP-MS study employing decomposition with AlCl, solution. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside, England, September 18-22, 1994 (PB 4.3, GeoForschungszentrum Potsdam, Telegrafen- berg A50, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany). Jain, J., Xie, Q.4, Kerrich, R. Determination of high field strength elements in geological samples by induc- tively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside, England, September 18-22, 1994 (Dept. Geol. Sci., Univ. Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N OWO). Enzweiler, J., Potts, P. J., Jarvis, K. Development of a rapid method for the determination of the platinum group elements by isotope dilution ICP-MS based on a sodium peroxide fusion and tellurium coprecipitation. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside, England, September 18-22, 1994 (Dept. Earth Sci., Open Univ., Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, UK MK7 6AA).

Jarvis, K. E., Totland, M. M., Jarvis, I. Ion exchange chromatography for the separation and preconcen- tration of the platinum group elements and gold for low level determination in geological samples. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre,

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Ambleside, England, September 18-22, 1994 (NERC ICP-MS Facility, Centre Anal. Res. Environ, Imperial Coll., Silwood Park, Ascot, Berks, UK SL5 7TE).

95/C2018 Malcus, F., Johansson, G. On-line trace metal precon- centration and matrix replacement for graphite furnace AAS. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside, England, September 18-22, 1994 (Dept. Anal. Chem., Univ. Lund, P.O. Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden).

95/C2019 Adkins, R. L., Walsh, N., Edmunds, M., Trafford, J. M. ICP-AES analysis of low levels of selenium in natural waters. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside, England, September 18-22, 1994 (Dept. Geol., Royal Holloway, Univ. London, Egham Hill, Egham, Surrey, UK TW20 OEX).

95/C2020 Djane, N.-K., Malcus, F., Martins, E., Sawula, G., Johansson, G. Field samplers for trace metal enrichment from natural waters using hollow fibres. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside,

Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside, England, September 18-22, 1994 (Dept. Geol. and Geophys., Univ. Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK EH9 3JW).

95/C2030 Richardson, J. M. Start-up of a new laboratory: validation of 26 methods in 12 months: Geoscience Laboratories, Ministry of Northern Development and Mines, Ontario, Canada. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside, England, September 18-22, 1994 (Geosci. Labs., Ontario Geoservices Centre, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada P3E 6B5).

95/C2031 van Meerten, Th. G., Bode, P. Reference materials and professional skills in the quality assurance of an accredited laboratory for instrumental neutron acti- vation analysis. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside, England, September 18-22, 1994 (Interfaculty Reactor Inst., Delft Univ. Technol, Mekelweg 15, 2629JB Delft, Netherlands).

England, September 18-22, 1994 (Anal. C%em. DW., 95/C2032 Beck, R., Cohen, D. New type of synthertic geochemical Univ. Lund, Lund, Sweden). standard-SmTEs. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason

95/C2021 Steinnes, E. Enrichment of metals in the organic surface layer of natural soil: identification of contributions from different mechanisms. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside, England, September 18-22, 1994 (Dept. Chem., Univ. Trondeim, Norway).

95/C2022 Vaganov, P. A., Rongsheng, Z., Pets, L. I. Neutron activation study of combustion products at power plants fired by solid fossil fuel. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside, England, September 18-22, 1994 (Fac. Geol., Univ. St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia).

95/C2023 Kolesov, G. M., Sapozhnikov, D. Y., Nazarov, M. A. Neutron activation determination of noble metals in samples of terrestrial and cosmic origin. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside, England, September 18-22, 1994 (V.I. Vernadsky Inst. Geochem. and Anal. Chem., Russian Acad. Sci., 117975, Kosygin St. 19, Moscow, Russia).

95/C2024 Brunfelt, A. 0. Neutron activation analysis of rocks and mineral separates. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside, England, September 18-22, 1994 (Mineral.-Geol. Museum, Sarsgt 1, 0562 Oslo, Norway).

95/C2025 Steinnes, E., Frontasyeva, M. Epithermal neutron activation analysis of mosses used to monitor heavy metal deposition around an iron smelter complex. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside, England, September 18-22, 1994 (Dept. Chem., Univ. Trondheim, AVH N-7055 Dragvoll, Norway).

95/C2026 Bode, P., Overwater, R. M. W., Lakmaker, 0. Analysis of very large samples - with sizes up to 50kg - by instrumental neutron activation analysis: new oppor- tunities for geological analysis. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside, England, September 18-22, 1994 (Interfaculty Reactor Inst., Delft Univ. Technol., Mekelweg 15, 2629JB Delft, Netherlands).

95/C2027 Parry, S. J. Neutron activation analysis for the determination of platinum group elements and gold in five new certified reference materials. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside,

Conference Centre, Ambleside, England, September 18-22, 1994 (Water Res. Lab., Univ. NSW, Manly Vale 209 3, Australia).

95/C2033 Govindaraju, K., Potts, P. J., Webb, P. C., Watson, J. S. Characterization of two new GIT-I WG silicate reference materials, dolerite WS-E and micro-gabbro PM-S: results of an international cooperative analysis pro- gramme. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside, England, September 18-22, 1994 (Geostandards, CRPG, 15 rue Notre Dame des Pauvres, BP 20, 54501 Vandoeuvre Cedex, France).

95/C2034 Rucklidge, J. Accelerator mass spectrometry in environ- mental geoscience-a new frontier. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside, England, September 18-22, 1994 (IsoTrace Lab., Dept. Geol., Univ. Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3B1).

95/C2035 Watling, R. J., Barrow, I., Herbert, H. K., Thomas, A. Analysis of diamonds and indicator minerals for diamond exploration by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry ( LA-ICP-MS). Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside, England, September 18-22, 1994 (Chem. Centre (WA), 125 Hay St., E. Perth, W. Australia 6004, Australia ).

95/C2036 Smith, J. V. Synchrotron X-ray sources: new appli- cations in microanalysis tomography, absorption spec- trometry and diffraction. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside, England, September 18-22,1994 (Dept. Geophys. Sci. and Centre Adv. Radiat. Sources, Univ. Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA).

95/C2037 Hall, G. E. M. Great leap forward: hydrogeochemical surveys. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside, England, September 18-22, 1994 (Geol. Surv. Canada, 601 Booth St., Ottawa, Canada K1A OE8).

95/C2038 Govindaraju, K. Expanding IWG-GIT GEOSTAN data- bases. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside, England, September 18-22, 1994 (Centre de Rech. Petrograph. et Geochem., CNRS, BP 20, 54501 Vandoeuvre-Nancy, France).

September 18-22, 1994 (Centre 95/C2039 Remond, G., Packwood, R. H. Standards for microbeam techniques: application of ion implantation. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside,

Environ., Imperial Coll., Silwood Park, Buckhurst Rd., Ascot, Berks., UK SL5 7TE).

95/C2028 de Souza, H. A. F., Crabtree, D., Miller, S. Comparison of quantitative mineralogical methods. Geoanalysis 94,

~$~~~ ~ t ~ b e , " 0 ~ ~ ~ ~ 1 9 ~ ~ ~ ~ e 0 ~ ~ b ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Ontario Geoservices Centre, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada P3E 6B5).

probe analysis of trace element reference materials.

England, September 18-22, 1994 (BRGM, DR/GGP, BP 6009,45060 Orleans Cedex 2, France).

95/C2040 Kane, J. S., Beary, E. S., Murphy, K. E., Paulsen, P. J. Impact of ICP-MS on certification programmes for geochemical reference materials. Geoanalysis 94, Charlotte Mason Conference Centre, Ambleside,

95/C2029 Hinton, R. W., Witt-Eickschen, G., Harte, B. Ion England, September 18-22, 1994 (Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol., Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA).

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Perkins, B., Pearce, N., Jeffries, T. Application of infra- red and ultraviolet laser ablation ICP-MS in mineral analysis. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-1 3, 1995 (Inst. Earth Studies, Univ. Wales, Aberystwyth, Dyfed, UK SY23 3BD).

Turner, P. J. Enhancements to ion sampling methods for ICP-MS. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Finnigan MAT Ltd., Paradise, Heme1 Hempstead, Herts, UK HP2 4TG).

Jakubowski, N., Feldmann, I., Stiiwer, D. Analysis of steel samples by use of high resolution ICP and G D mass spectrometry. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13,1995 (Inst. Spektrochem. Angewandte. Spektrosk., P.O.B. 10 13 52, D-44013 Dortmund, Germany).

Greb, U., Rottmann, L., Hamester, M., Jung, G., Laser, B. Application examples of high resolution ICP-MS. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Finnigan MAT GmbH, Barkhausenstr. 2, D-28197 Bremen, Germany).

Reed, N. M., Hutton, R. C., Marriott, P. Characteristics of a new high performance/high resolution ICP-MS instrument. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (F.I. Elemental Analysis, Ion Path, Road Three, Winsford, Cheshire, UK CW5 3BX).

Cave, M. Multi-element drift correction procedure for ICP-OES by background emission line monitoring and drift prediction by principle component analysis model- ling. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Anal. Geochem. Group, British Geol. Surv., Keyworth, Nottingham, UK NG12 5GG).

Perkins, C. V., Gamaury, S. Effect of integration time on RSDs in inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry: misconceptions and the reality. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectro- chemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (AT1 Unicam, York St., Cambridge, UK CB1 2PX).

Koirtyohann, S. R., Yates, D. Effects of saturation and blooming on a segmented CCD array detector. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8- 13, 1995 (Dept. Chem., Univ. Missoure, Columbia, M O 6521 1, USA).

Vanhoe, H., Parent, M., Moens, L., Dams, R. Analytical characteristics of an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer coupled with a thermospray nebulization system. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Lab. Anal. Chem., Inst. Nucl. Sci., Univ. Ghent., Proeftuinstr. 86, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium).

Chenery, S., Cook, J., Poitrasson, F. Sampling and analysis on a micrometre scale by laser ablation microprobe ICP-MS. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Anal. Geochem. Group, British Geol. Surv., Keyworth, Nottingham, UK NG12 5GG).

Raith, A., Hutton, R. C., Godfrey, J. Quantitative analysis of glasses and steel rubbings using laser ablation ICP-MS. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-1 3, 1995 (Fisons Instruments Elemental Analysis, Ion Path, Road Three, Winsford, Cheshire, UK CW7 3BX).

Goodall, P., Johnson, S. Laser ablation and high resolution ICP spectrometry for the determination of lanthanides and selected actinides. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry,

Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Argonne Natl. Lab. (West), Idaho Falls, Idaho, USA).

95/C2053 Masters, B., Sharp, B. L. Preliminary studies of excimer laser ablation ICP-MS and its application to biological materials. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Dept. Chem., Loughborough Univ. Technol., Loughborough, Leics., UK LE11 3TU).

95/C2054 Longerich, H. P., Gunther, D., Forsythe, L., Jackson, S. E. Capabilities of a new ultra-high sensitivity inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) with solution nebulization and laser ablation microprobe (LAM) sample introduction. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Dept. Earth Sci. and Centre for Earth Resour. Res., Memorial Univ. Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland, Canada A1B 3x5).

95/C2055 Cohen, A. S., Jarvis, K. E., Williams, J. G. Precision and accuracy of silicate rock trace element analysis by ICP quadrupole mass spectrometry. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Dept. Earth Sci., Univ. Cambridge, Cambridge, UK CB2 3EQ).

95/C2056 Evans, R. D., Outridge, P. M. Laser ablation ICP-MS analysis of Arctic marine mammal teeth: historical changes in trace metal concentrations. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13,1995 (Outridge Environ. Sci. Centre, Trent Univ., Peterborough, Ontario, Canada K9J 7B8).

95/C2057 Hall, G. S., Kennsley, M. 100 year lead-isotope ratio chronology from US copper pennies. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Dept. Chem., Rutgers State Univ. New Jersey, P.O. Box 939, Piscataway, NJ 08856-0939, USA).

95/C2058 Brenner, I. B., Zander, A., Kim, S., Holloway, C. Multielement analysis of geological and related non- conducting materials using spark ablaton ICP-AES and a sequential spectrometer. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Gonzton Res. Center, Varian Assoc. Inc., 3075 Hansen Way, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA).

95/C2059 Pereiro, R., Lunzer, F., Costa, J. M., Bordel, N,, Sanz- Medel, A. Evaluation of the direct coupling of HPLC techniques to MIP-AES for trace metal speciation. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Dept. Phys. Anal. Chem., Fac. Chem., Univ. Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain ).

95/C2060 Berndt, H., Muller, A., Schaldach, G., Yanez, J. High-performance flow atomic spectrometry: an integ- rated system for on-line sample pretreatment and high efficiency nebulization in atomic spectrometry. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Inst. Spektrochem. Angewandte. Spektrosk., Bunsen- Kirchhoff-Str. 1 1, D-44139 Dortmund, Germany).

95/C2061 Cairns, W. R. I., Ebdon, L., Hill, S. J. Versatile desolvation system for use with coupled HPLC- ICP-MS. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Dept. Environ. Sci., Univ. Plymouth, Plymouth, UK PL4 8AA).

95/C2062 Ketterer, M. E., Waiwood, M., Fiorentino, M., Ohlson, B. Measurement of electron self-exchange rate constants using isotope tracers, separatons, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Dept. Chem., John Carroll Univ., Univ. Heights, OH 44118, USA).

95/C2063 Larsen, E. H. Sepciation of arsenosugars in marine reference materials by HPLC-ICP-MS. 1995 European

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Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Dept. Food Chem. Nutr., Natl. Food Agency Denmark, 19 Marrkharj Bygade, DK-2860 Sarborg, Denmark). Potter, D., Planitz, P., Kawabata, K., Sakuta, S., Inoue, Y. Speciation studies in ICP-MS. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Hewlett Packard Inc., USA). De Gendt, S., Van Grieken, R. E., Ohorodnik, S. K., Harrison, W. W. Factors affecting the response of nonconductors in rf glow discharge MS. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Dept. Chem., Univ. Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium ). Crews, H. M., Strutt, P., Baxter, M. J. Determination of selenium species by HPLC-ICP-MS. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Min. of Agric., Fisheries and Food, CSL Food Sci. Lab., Norwich Res. Park, Norwich, UK NR4 7UQ). Bogaerts, A., van Straaten, M., Gijbels, R. Mathematical modelling of a dc glow discharge. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Dept. Chem., Univ. Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Wilrijk- Antwerpen, Belgium). Winchester, M. R., Salit, M. L. Development of a glow discharge atomic emission instrument for macro-scale elemental composition mapping of solid surfaces. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8- 13, 1995 (Anal. Chem. Div., Chem. Sci. Technol. Lab., Natl. Inst. Stand. and Technol., Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA). Saprykin, A. I., Becker, J. S., Dietze, H.-J. Investigation of sputtering and ionization of solids by a radio frequency glow discharge mass spectrometry. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Zentralabteilung Chem. Anal., Forschungszentrum Jiilich, D-52425 Julich, Germany). Steers, E. B. M. Glow discharge sources-a comparison of various carrier gases. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (SECEAP, Univ. North London, Holloway, London, UK N7 8DB). Bengtson, A., Eklund, A. Use of an Ar emission line as internal standard in quantitative depth profile analysis by GD-OES. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Swedish Inst. Metals Res., Dr. Kristinas vag 48, S-11428 Stockholm, Sweden ). Barschick, C. M., McLuckey, S. A., McKown, H. S., Smith, D. H. Thermodynamic properties of glow discharge generated ions. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Chem. Anal. Sci. Div., Oak Ridge Natl. Lab., Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6375, USA ). Allen, L. A., Pang, H.-M., Warren, A. R., Houk, R. S. Simultaneous measurement of ion ratios in solids by laser ablation with a twin quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Ames Lab.,-US Dept. Energy, Dept. Chem., Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA 50011, USA). Fak, H., Wolf, S. Novel plasma interface for ICP optical emission. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (SPECTRO Anal. Instrum. GmbH, Boschstr. 10, 47533 Kleve, Germany). Haraldsson, C., LyvCn, B. Determination of mercury isotope ratios in natural waters. 1995 European Winter

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Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Dept. Anal. Mar. Chem., Univ. Goteborg and Chalmers Univ. Technol., S-412 96 Goteborg, Sweden). Moens, L., Vanhaecke, F., Riondato, J., Dams, R. Study of figures of merit and the effect of plasma parameters in magnetic sector ICP-MS. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 Gray, A. L., Williams, J. G., Liezers, M. Noise sources in ICP-MS and their significance for isotope ratio precision. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (4 Dene Lane, Farnham, Surrey, UK GUlO 3PW). Taylor, P. D. P., de Bihre, P. Validation of the analytical linearity and of the mass discrimination correction model exhibited by a multiple collector ICP-MS by means of a set of synthetic uranium isotope mixtures (IRMM-072). 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Inst. Ref. Mater. Measure., Comm. Eur. Commun. JRC, Retieseweg, B-2440 Geel, Belgium). Paulsen, P. J., Beary, E. S. Obtaining accurate analyses using ICP-MS isotope dilution. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Natl. Inst. Stand. and Technol., Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA). Robb, P., Owen, L. M. W., Crews, H. M. Stable isotope approach to radionuclide mobility studies. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectro- chemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Min. Agric., Fisheries and Food, CSL Food Sci. Lab., Norwich Res. Park, Colney, Norwich, UK NR4 7UQ).

Batho, A., Woolley, C., James, D. Matrix effects in an axially viewed high performance ICP-OES. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Thermo Electron Ltd., Warrington, Cheshire, UK). Evans, E. H., Fisher, A., Woods, M., Jerome, S. Determination of the actinide elements in environmental samples by chelation preconcentration isotope dilution ICP-MS. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-1 3, 1995 (Dept. Environ. Sci., Univ. Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth, UK PL4 8AA). Sabsabi, M., Cielo, P. Quantitative elemental analysis of metallic alloys by laser induced breakdown spec- troscopy. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Ind. Mater. Inst., Natl. Res. Council Canada, 75 Blvd. de Mortagne, Quebec, Canada J4B 6Y4). Luge, S., Schalk, A,, Zach, H., Broekaert, J. A. C. Comparison of a graphite furnace and a tungsten filament for sample introduction in a stabilized capaci- tive plasma (SCP) as source for atomic emission spectrometry. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Fachbereich Chem., Univ. Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany). Becker, J. S., Dietze, H.-J. Cluster formation processes in laser and spark plasma of rare earth oxide/graphite mixtures. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Zentralabteilung Chem. Anal., Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH, D-52425 Julich, Germany). Ediger, R. D. Plastic discrimination using laser-induced plasma spectroscopy. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Perkin-Elmer Corp., 761 Main Ave., CT 06859-0215, USA). Watling, R. J., Herbert, H. K., Young, W. A. Novel applications of LA-ICP-MS in the field of geochemical

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exploration. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Chem. Centre (WA), 125 Hay St., East Perth, WA 6004, Australia).

Ruppert, H., Hansen, B., Schneider, A. Optimized devices improve sample preparation for trace and ultratrace analysis of liquid and solid materials. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Inst. Geol. and Dynamic of the Lithosphere, Univ. Gottingen, Goldschmidtstr. 3, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany).

De Silva, N., Cathum, S. J., Guevremont, R. Signal measurement approaches for direct powder introduc- tion plasma spectrometry. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Miner. Resour. Div., Geol. Surv. Canada, 601 Booth St., Ottawa, Canada K1A OE8).

Wiederin, D. R., Gjerde, D. T., Smith, F. G. ICP-MS sample introduction for preconcentrated analytes. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (CETAC Technol., 5600 S. 42nd St., Omaha, NE 68107, USA).

Naka, H., Kurayasu, H. Determination of trace impurit- ies in silicon carbide by ICP mass spectrometry. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Sumitomo Metal Ind. Ltd., 1-8 Fuso-cho, Amagasaki 660, Japan).

Hoffmann, E., Ludke, C. Element determination in airborne particulates by ETV-ICP-MS. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Inst. Spektrochem. Angew. Spektrosk. (ISAS), Lab. Spektrosk. Meth. Umweltanal. (LSMU), 12484 Berlin, Germany).

Nickel, H. Electrothermal vaporization and in situ modification of ceramic powders for a direct ETV-ICP- OES analysis. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH, Inst. Werkstoffe Energietech. 1 and Rheinisch Westfalische Tech. Hochsch. Aachen, D-52425 Julich, Germany ).

Iavetz, R., Louie, H., Matousek, J. P. Preconcentration of volatile element hydrides by trapping for deter- mination by electrothermal vaporization-ICP-MS. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8- 13, 1995 (Australia Gov. Anal. Lab., Pymble, NSW 2073, Australia).

Magyar, B., Cousin, H. Relative stability of molecule ions in ICP. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Lab. Inorg. Chem., Swiss Fed. Inst. Technol., ETH-Zentrum, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland).

Tanner, S. D. Fundamentals of inductively coupled cold plasma mass spectrometry. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (SCIEX, 55 Glen Cameron Rd., Thornhill, Ontario, Canada L3T 1P2).

Gaillat, A. M., Barnes, R. M. Influence of gas thermodynamic and transport properties on tempera- ture and flow fields in an enclosed inductively coupled plasma. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-1 3, 1995 (Dept. Chem., Univ. Massachusetts, Lederle GRC Tower, Box 34510, Amherst, MA 01003-4510, USA).

Ebdon, L. Looking back to look ahead in plasma spectrochemistry. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Plymouth Anal. Chem. Res. Unit., Dept.

Environ. Sci., Univ. Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth, UK PL4 8AA).

95/C2099 Olesik, J. W., Dziewatkoski, M. P., McGowan, G. J., Thaxton, C. Inductively coupled plasma-sample inter- actions: from microscopic measurements of signals produced by single sample drops to impact on practical analysis. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Lab. Plasma Spectrochem., Laser Spectrosc. Mass Spectrom., Dept. Geol. Sci., Ohio State Univ., 1090 Carmack Rd., Columbus, OH 43210, USA).

95/C2100 Kawabata, K. Why polyatomic ions are reduced by the Shield Torch System in ICP-MS. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Yokogawa Anal. Systems Inc., 2-1 1-29 Naka-cho, Musashino-shi, Tokyo 180, Japan).

95/C2 101 Niemax, K., Groll, H., Schnurer-Patschan, C., Zybin, A. Spectrochemistry with diode lasers. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Inst. Phys., Univ. Hohenheim, 70565 Stuttgart, Germany).

95/C2102 Nesbitt, R. W., Hirata, T., Hartley, J. H. D. UV laser probe ICP-MS and its application in the earth sciences. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Dept. Geol., Univ. Southampton, Southampton, UK SO17 1BJ).

95/C2103 Caruso, J. Elemental speciation with plasma mass spectrometry detection: challenges and opportunities. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Dept. Chem., Univ. Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA).

95/C2104 Marcus, R. K. Radio frequency powered glow dis- charges: elemental analysis across the solids spectrum. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Dept. Chem., Howard L. Hunter Chem. Labs., Clemson Univ., Clemson, SC 29634-1905, USA).

95/C2105 Kingston, H. M. Sample preparation for ICP-MS and ICP-OES. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Dept. Chem. Biochem., Duquesne Univ., Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA).

95/C2106 Haswell, S. J. From sample to instrument the missing link. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (School Chem., Univ. Hull, Hull, UK HU6 7RX).

95/C2107 Blades, M. W. Solvent and solvent loading effects in the inductively coupled argon plasma. 1995 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Cambridge, UK, January 8-13, 1995 (Dept. Chem., Univ. British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1).

Cai, X.-J., Uden, P. C., Sullivan, J. J., Quimby, B. D., Block, E. Headspace-gas chromatography with atomic emission and mass selective detection for the determi- nation of organoselenium compounds in elephant garlic. Anal. Proc. (London), 1994, 31, 325. (Dept. Chem., Univ. Massachusetts, Lederle Grad. Res. Tower A, Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003-4510, USA).

Das, A. K., Cervera, M. L., de la Guardia, M. Rapid microwave-assisted amplification for the spectrophoto- metric determination of iodine. Anal. Proc. (London), 1994, 31, 345. (Dept. Anal. Chem., Fac. Chem., Univ. Valencia, 50 Dr. Moliner St., E-46100 Burjassot (Valencia), Spain).

Ashino, T., Takada, K., Hirokawa, K. Determination of trace amounts of selenium and tellurium in high-purity iron by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry after reductive coprecipitation with palladium using ascorbic acid. Anal. Chim. Acta, 1994, 297, 443. (Inst.

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Mater. Res., Tohoku Univ., Katahira 2-2-1, Sendai 980-77, Japan ).

Chen, H.-w., Xu, S.-k., Fang, Z.4. Determination of copper in water and rice samples by flame atomic abosorption spectrometry with flow-injection on-line adsorption preconcentration using a knotted reactor. Anal. Chim. Acta, 1994, 298, 167. (Flow Injection Res. Centre, Inst. Appl. Ecol., Acad. Sin., Shenyang 110015, China).

Evans, S., Meisel, T. Low blank determination of boron in geochemical materials. Anal. Chim. Acta, 1994, 298, 267. (Inst. Anorg. Anal. Phys. Chem., Univ. Bern, 3000 Bern 9, Switzerland ).

ValdCs-Hevia y Temprano, M. C., Fernandez de la Campa, M. R., Sanz-Medel, A. Sensitive atomic absorp- tion determination of lead by ethylation with sodium tetraethylborate( 111). Quim. Anal. (Barcelona), 1994, 13,67. (Dept. Phys. Anal. Chem., Univ. Oviedo, cIJuli8n Claveria no. 8, 33006-Oviedo, Spain).

Bermejo-Barrera, P., Soto-Ferreiro, R. M., Aboal- Somoza, M., Bermejo-Barrera, A. Comparative study between the use of zirconium coated graphite tubes and palladium-magnesium nitrate as a chemical modi- fier for tin determination in tap water by atomic absorption spectrometry with electrothermal atomiz- ation. Quim. Anal. (Barcelona), 1994, 13, 15. (Anal. Chem. Nutr. Bromatol. Dept., Fac. Chem., Univ. Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain).

Anzano, J. M., Martinez-Garbayo, M. P., Belarra, M. A., Castillo, J. R. Solid sampling in graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Direct determination of iron in pasta food. Quim. Anal. (Barcelona), 1994, 13, 73. (Dept. Anal. Chem., Univ. Zaragoza, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain).

Vazquez, M. S., GutiCrrez, A. M., Gtimez, M. M., Palacios, M. A. In uitro study of selenium, copper and zinc absorptible fractions and selenium speciation in mussels. Quim. Anal. (Barcelona), 1994, 13, 144. (Dipt. Quim. Anal., Fac. Quim., Univ. Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain ).

JimCnez de Blas, O., Vicente Gonzilez, S., Munoz Garrido, R., Martin Pascual, A,, Shnchez Martin, M. A. Speciation and determination of arsenic and its metabolites in urine by atomic absorption spectroscopy with hydride generation and other coupled techniques. Quim. Anal. (Barcelona), 1994, 13, 138. (Dept. Anal. Chem. Nutr. Food Sci., Fac. Chem., Univ. Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain).

Smirnov, Y. M. Extended classification of holmium spectral lines using data obtained in crossing beams. Spectrochim. Acta, Part B, 1994, 49, 469. (Moscow Power Eng. Inst., 14 Krasnokazarmennaya St., Moscow 11 1250, Russia ).

Docekal, B., Krivan, V., Franek, M. Separation of analyte and matrix for the direct analysis of high-purity molybdenum-based materials by electrothermal atomic spectrometry methods - I. Radiotracer investigation of thermal extraction of impurities in a graphite cup. Spectrochim. Acta, Part B, 1994, 49, 577. (Sect. Anal. Hochstreinigung, Univ. Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany).

Lazik, C., Marcus, R. K. Effect of excitation frequency on source characteristics in radiofrequency glow dis- charge atomic emission spectrometry - I. 2-30 MHz. Spectrochim. Acta, Part B, 1994, 49, 649. (Dept. Chem., Howard L. Hunter Chem. Lab., Clemson Univ., Clemson, SC 29634-1905, USA).

Akman, S., Doner, G. Interference mechanisms of sodium chloride on zinc and cobalt in graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry using a dual cavity platform. Spectrochim. Acta, Part B, 1994, 49, 665. (Istanbul Tek. Univ., Fen-Edebiyat Fak., Kimya Bolumii 80626 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey).

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Pollmann, D., Pilger, C., Hergenriider, R., Leis, F., Tschopel, P., Broekaert, J. A. C. Noise power spectra of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry using a cooled spray chamber. Spectrochim. Acta, Part B, 1994, 49, 683. (Inst. Spektrochem. Angew. Spektrosk., Postfach 10 13 52, D-44013 Dortmund, Germany).

Matveev, 0. I., Omenetto, N. On the possibility of direct evaluation of ionization rates induced by laser radiation in flames - I. Time-resolved ionization measurements. Spectrochim. Acta, Part B, 1994, 49, 691. (Comm. Eur. Commun., Joint Res. Centre, Environ. Inst., 21020 Ispra (VA), Italy).

Kawai, J., Adachi, H., Hayakawa, S., Zhen, S. Y., Kobayashi, K., Gohshi, Y., Maeda, K., Kitajima, Y. Depth selective X-ray absorption fine structure spec- trometry. Spectrochim. Acta, Part B, 1994, 49, 739. (Dept. Metall., Kyoto Univ., Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan).

Karanassios, V., Bateman, K. P., Spiers, G. A. Electrically heated wire-loop, in-torch vaporization sample introduction system for inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry with photodiode array detection. Spectrochim. Acta, Part B, 1994, 49, 847. (Guelph-Waterloo Center for Grad. Work in Chem., Dept. Chem., Univ. Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1).

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ometer systems. Appl. Opt., 1995, 34, 58. (Phys. Sci. and Technol., Univ. Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA ). Nomizu, T., Kaneco, S., Tanak, T., Ito, D., Kawaguchi, H., Vallee, B. T. Determination of calcium content in individual biological cells by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Anal. Chem., 1994, 66, 3000. (Dept. Mater. Sci. and Eng., Nagoya Univ., Nagoyua 464-01, Japan).

95/2266 Hasegawa, H., Sohrin, Y., Matsui, M., Hojo, M., Kawashima, M. Speciation of arsenic in natural waters by solvent extraction and hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry. Anal. Chem., 1994, 66, 3247. (Dept. Chem., Fac. Sci., Kochi Univ., Akebono-cho, Kochi 780, Japan).

95/2267 Momplaisir, G.-M., Lei, T., Marshall, W. D. Performance of a novel silica T-tube interface for the AAS detection of arsenic and selenium compounds in HPLC column eluate. Anal. Chem., 1994, 66, 3533. (Dept. Food Sci. and Agric. Chem., MacDonald Campus of McGill, 21 11 1 Lakeshore Rd., Ste.-Anne- de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada H9X 3V9).

95/C2268 Stuckenberg, B. L., Eddy, B. T., Rademeyer, C. J. Chemical analysis of airborne particulate matter and the effect of particle size on results using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. Analitika 94, Stellenbosch, South Africa, 8- 13 December 1994 (Mintek, Private Bag X3015, Randburg 2125, South Africa).

95/C2269 Falk, H. Elemental mass spectrometry - analytical capabilities and physical limitations. Analitika 94, Stellenbosch, South Africa, 8-13 December 1994 (Spectro Anal. Instrum., Boschstr. 10, D-47533 Kleve, Germany).

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95/C2270 Julsing, M., Watson, A. E. Use of an ultrasonic nubulizer and sample preconcentration techniques for the analysis of water by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy. Analitika 94, Stellenbosch, South Africa, 8-13 December 1994 (Spectro Anal. Instrum. S.A. (Pty) Ltd., South Africa).

95/C2271 Rademeyer, C. J. Matrix modification in ETAAS by solid metal deposition. Analitika 94, Stellenbosch, South Africa, 8-13 December 1994 (Dept. Chem., Univ. Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa).

95/C2272 Omenetto, N. Use of lasers in atomic and molecular spectroscopy, a critical appraisal of analytical potentials in different fields of application. Analitika 94, Stellenbosch, South Africa, 8-13 December 1994 (Comm. Eur. Commun., Joint Res. Centre, Environ. Inst., 21020 Ispra (Varese), Italy).

95/C2273 Willis, J. P. Techniques for elemental and ionic analysis of environmental samples-air particulates, soils, waters. Analitika 94, Stellenbosch, South Africa, 8-13 December 1994 (Dept. Geol. Sci., Univ. Cape Town, Rondebosch 7700, South Africa).

95/C2274 Boon, B. P. Microwave leaching of carbon and beach sand for chemical analysis. Analitika 94, Stellenbosch, South Africa, 8-13 December 1994 (Mintek, Private Bag X3015, Randburg 2125, South Africa).

95/C2275 Van Grieken, R., De Bock, L., Hoornaert, S., Injuk, J., Jambers, W., Van Malderen, H. Individual aerosol particle analysis: new developments and environmental applications. Analitika 94, Stellenbosch, South Africa, 8-13 December 1994 (Dept. Chem., Univ. Antwerp ( U.I.A.), B-2610 Antwerp-Wilrijk, Belgium ).

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