01 Yr2 Tech Sem 2 - Ludesch Community Centre - 2012-02-02-1m

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Case Study 1:Cold Climate

Year 2

Technologies Semester 202/02/2012

Glenn Ombler RIBA

& Craig StottMEng(Hons), BArch, MA.


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Case Study 1:

Community Centre, Ludesch, Austria2004-2005

Architect: Hermann Kaufmann


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Architect


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Architect Profile: Hermann Kaufmann

We have two overarching themes challenging us: Sustainable building in the broadest sense,

and the modern use of timber construction.

2007 Winner Global Award for Sustainable Architecture

Adolf Loos said, that an architect is nothing more that a mason who learned Latin, we

actualize this for Hermann Kaufmann: a fine craftsman, who by the way is an architect. He and

his hlzerne Verwandtschaft (wooden fratery) define a locally and nationally recognized

social, ecological, economical, political dimension. His work teaches us, that an ecologic ethic

is not limited to a list of technical innovations, that the simplicity of this new rationalism is of

timeless beauty.Jana Revedin


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Geographical Context


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Vorarlberg

Second smallest province

380,000 inhabitants

Pop. density = 142 persons / km!

(England = 395 persons / km

26,000 kWh End-Energy

consumption/(p.a.) per person

2,900 Watt permanent per person

85,000 buildings in total


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Video:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=uXLUoqzlT2k&feature=channel

CHP


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Cold Climate Data: Ludesch


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Project Brief


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Goal of project:

To create a communication centre for the municipality of Ludesch.

Previously the municipality did not have a compact old core or a grown civic centre.

Important public buildings within the village did not have a geographical or architectural relation.

With this community centre the developers succeeded in creating a social centre for Ludesch.


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Site Plan


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Project Specifics:

Multifunctional building with a useful floor area of 3,135 m!.

The communicative centre is the forecourt which is canopied with photovoltaic modules.

Centre houses:

Community Centre

Municipal Office

Business Offices

Meeting Rooms

Public facilities:Library

Day Care Centre

Playground

Post Office

Shops


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Layout


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Roof Plan


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Ground Floor Plan in Context


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Concept Layout

A: Retail

B: Flexible Municipal Spaces

C: Admin & Offices

A

B

C


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1.

Covered Village Square

2. Cafe

3. Multi-Purpose Hall

4. Playground

5. Shop

6.

Library

7. Post Office

8. Childcare

9. Offices

10. Local Authority

1

2

34

5

6

5

7

Ground Floor


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1.

Photovoltaic Canopy

2. Cafe

3. Multi-Purpose Hall

4. Playground

5. Shop

6.

Library

7. Post Office

8. Childcare

9. Offices

10. Local Authority

1

10

8

9

9

First Floor


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North Elevation


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East Elevation & Section


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Materials


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Cradle to Cradle

The building was designed using a Closed Loop System.

Therefore no harmful materials or substances were used where

an ecologically friendly alternative was available.


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Biological Metabolism Vs Technical Nutrition


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Closed Loop


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Closed Loop in Practice:

Over 300 products were tested against the Environmental

Associations Eco-Construction Guidelines

Less than 10% of the products tested were suitable.

For a building material to be environmental is must not contain:

Greenhouse effect gases (e.g. Carbon Dioxide, Methane)

Ozone depleting gases (e.g. Chlorofluorocarbons)

Acidification gases (e.g. Sulphur Dioxide)

Any elements harmful to health (Lead, Arsenic etc)

A material must also:

Consume the minimum amount of energy

Be Deconstructable

Be Upcyclable


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To Achieve a Closed Loop:

Insulating materials are made of renewable resources

(wood fibre, flax, hemp, sheep wool)

Avoidance of PVC-materials

(windows, doors, coatings, pipes)

Avoidance of any material containing formaldehyde

Avoidance of solvent containing paste and plasticising colours,

paints and glue


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Regional Materials:

To minimise the carbon footprint of the

materials, and provide a boost to the local

economy, the timber used throughout the

building is regionally sourced Silver Fir.

The Insulating Sheeps Wool comes from the

surrounding farms.


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Sheeps Wool Insulation:


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Insulation:

The exterior walls were insulated with cellulose.

Sheep wool was used as insulation material for the fit-out andfinishes.

Sheep wool replaced the commonly used polyurethane window

insulation.


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Fenestration Detail Showing Sheeps Wool Insulation:


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Environmental Performance


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Passive Design Measures:

Cooling

Passive cooling through ground water - without

a conditioning system

Solar Shading

Window blinds a distance of 100 cm from the

windows can be lowered

Canopies of the same width provide constant

protection from the highest solar angles

Glazing

Appropriately sized and located windows,

including the buildings north faade, allow an

excellent supply of daylight.

Building Management System

Blinds are linked to a control system which

activates the sun shading and lighting systemon predefined settings.

This ensures an optimum interaction of cooling,

heating, daylight and artificial light at all times.


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Passive Shading


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Photovoltaics

The roof consists of 350 m! (120) high

performance translucent PV modules, which are

laid out in twelve sheets and face southwest.

The roof provides for weather protection and

serves as sunshading.


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Photovoltaics

The PV array generates 16,000 kWh electrical

energy per annum.

The building consumes 10,000 kWh meaning

it generates between "9,000 - "14,000 per

annum selling electricity to the national grid.


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PHOTOVOLTAIC OUTPUT / YEAR

kWp X S X Rf X ZPV

kWp = Installed peak power output of PVs

S = Annual solar radiation / year (kWh/m!)

Rf = Reduction factor

ZPV = Overshading factor

So: For Ludesch Community Centre:

20kWp X 1000kWh/m!X 0.8 X 1.0 =

16,000 kWh/ year


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Video:


v=2mCTSV2f36A

Photovoltaics


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Energy Strategy

Connection to biomass district heating to supply

primary heating energy and hot water

Solar energy - translucent photovoltaic cell

installation generates buildings electricity

Solar Collectors used to top up district heating

supply in winter and provide cooling in summer

Ground water to supply the necessary cooling

energy and to pre heat the fresh air for the

ventilation system

Rainwater use for toilets, washing machines and

watering landscaped areas


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Solar Water Heaters

In addition to the PVs there is 30m2 of solar

absorbers heating 4,500 litres of water for the

buildings central heating system.


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Heating & Cooling System


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BMS Building Management System

The whole building equipment is linked with a

direct digital control.

Additionally a coupling of the electronic plants

for light, shading systems etc. is linked with the

direct digital control.

This control is visualised through a building

service manager and allows a continuous

optimisation and an easy maintenance.


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Construction


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Pre-Fabricated Building System


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Video:


v=JiYPMNnVV24


v=IwB8Dw0gpW4

Prefabrication


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Construction Axonometric


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Construction Process

Building is pre-fabricated off site in a factory

Prefabricated elements arrive on site

Elements are very quickly constructed

Once Water tight, Plumbing & Electrical Fit-

out can take place

Finishes are applied


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Construction Process

Fit-out example:

Ventilation system concealed beneath

wooden ceiling strips


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Structure & Envelope


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Faade Detail 1


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Photovoltaic Canopy Detail


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North Elevation


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Photovoltaic Array Covered Courtyard


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Faade Detail 2


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Internal View


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Key Figures

Construction time: May 2004 to Oct. 2005

Volume: 14,500 m#

Effective area: 3,135 m!Total net costs: "5.6 million which is only 1.8% greater

through using ecologically friendly materials than

standard building materials

Heating degree-days: 3,815 Kd

Minimum outside temperature: -15 C

Median inside air temperature: +20 C

Static building heating load: 60 kW

Annual heating energy consumption:

27,742 kWh/a, 13.8 kWh/m!

Annual cooling energy consumption:

15,301 kWh/a, 7.5 kWh/m!

Annual electricity consumption 10,000kWh

Primary energy consumption 130 kWh/m2(0.011 toe)

Standard building equivalent consumes ~ 650 kWh/m2

Energy used in construction 18 kWh/m2

Equivalent masonry building consumes ~ 50 kWh/m2


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Video:


v=5Ruwbg6CkeM


v=j2_ZDwkBVZY&NR=1

Fly Through


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Further Reading

Community Centre in Ludesch, DETAIL 6/2007, Energy-

Efficient Architecture, pp. 657-662.

Kapfinger, Otto, Hermann Kaufmann Woodworks:Architecture Durable, (Berlin: Springer Verlag, 2008)

Roberts, Simon, Guariento, Nicolo, Building Integrated

Photovoltaics: A Handbook, (Basel: Birkhauser, 2009)

New Communal Centre, Ludesch,

http://www.nachhaltigwirtschaften.at/results.html/id3572

Eco Architecture, Gemeindezentrum Ludesch,http://www.ecoarchwiki.net/pmwiki.php?

n=Projects.GemeindezentrumLudesch?action=browse

Wood focus, Community Centre, Ludesch, Vorarlberg,

http://customers.evianet.fi/woodfocus/download.php/download/document_data/10220/

Puulehti06-01Ludesch.pdf?woodfocusid=2

Hermann Kaufmann

http://www.hermann-kaufmann.at/en/1.php?kid=4&oid=00_96&dsc=Gemeindezentrum%20Ludesch

01 Yr2 Tech Sem 2 - Ludesch Community Centre - 2012-02-02-1m

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