t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO If]qut cfof]hgf
cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog lgb]{lzsf
dxflgb]{zssf] dGtJo
zx/L ljsf; dGqfno dftxt vfg]kfgL tyf 9n lgsf; ljefu cGt{ut t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL
tyf ;/;kmfO cfof]hgf b]zsf ljleGg ;fgf ;x/x¿df sfof{Gjog x'g] r/0fdf 5 . cfof]hgf
th'{df, 5gf}6, lgdf{0f tyf ;~rfng÷;Def/df ;d]t pkef]Stf ju{sf] k|ToIf ;+nUgtf u/fO ;]jf
;~rfngnfO{ lbuf] / e/kbf]{ agfpg] nIo cfof]hgfn] lnPsf] 5 . cfof]hgfdf ;d'bfosf] Go"gtd
gub cg'bfg % k|ltzt tyf C0f @% k|ltzt u/L hDdf #) k|ltzt x'g] k|fjwfg ;d]t /x]sf]n]
plgx¿ dfem cem cfof]hgfk|lt ckgTj a9fpg ;xof]u k'Ug] b]lvG5 . o;/L cfof]hgfsf] x/]s
kIfx¿af/] hfgsf/L pknAw u/fpg tyf cfjZos ;"rgfx¿ ;d'bfo:t/;Dd k'¥ofpgsf nflu
lgb]{lzsfsf] cfjZostf /x]sf] s'/f ;j{ljlbt} 5 .
o;} qmddf o; cfof]hgfn] tof/ u/]sf]] cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog lgb]{lzsfn] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf
;/;kmfO cfof]hgfsf] sfo{If]q, p2]Zox¿, sfo{k|lqmof, ;|f]t Joj:yfkg / ;xh sfof{Gjogsf nflu
;Da4 ;/f]sf/jfnf kIf÷lgsfox¿sf] bfloTj / e"ldsf af/]df :ki6 ¿kdf hfgsf/L xfl;n ug{
;xof]u k'¥ofpg]5 eGg] cfzf lnPsf] 5' .
==================
-/fdbLk ;fx_ dxflgb]{zs
vfg]kfgL tyf 9n lgsf; ljefu
cfof]hgf lgb]{zssf] dGtJo
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;g\ @)!& ;fn;Dd dWod÷pRr:t/sf] vfg]kfgL ;]jf ;Dk"0f{
hg;+Vofsf] sl/j Ps–ltxfOnfO{ k'¥ofpg] k|ltj4tf cg'?k vfg]kfgL tyf 9n
lgsf; ljefu cGut{t PlzofnL ljsf; a}+ssf] ;xof]udf ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL
tyf ;/;kmfO If]qut cfof]hgf ljut s]xL jif{b]lv sfof{Gjog x'Fb} cfO/x]sf] 5
. ;xnufgL÷nfut c;'nL tyf ;fem]bf/L, n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs
;dfj]lztf, k|ltkmndf cfwfl/t cg'bfg, kf/bzL{tf / pQ/bfloTj h:tf ;'zf;gsf] tTjx? ;dflxt
cjwf/0ff ;lxtsf] o; cfof]hgfn] ;fgf zx/÷gu/f]Gd'v a:tLx¿sf afl;Gbfx¿nfO{ :jR5 ;kmf
vfg]kfgL tyf Jojl:yt ;/;;kmfOsf ;'ljwf la:tf/ u/L ;]jfsf] kx'Fr clej[l4 ug]{ nIo lnOPsf]
5 . o;} qmddf k|yd / bf];|f] r/0fsf] ;kmntfkZrft xfn t]];|f] r/0fsf] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf
;/;kmfO If]qut cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog x'Fb}5 . o; r/0fdf klxnf] ;d"xcGtu{t !@ j6f ;fgf
zx/x¿÷gu/x?df cWoog tyf sfof{Gjog x'Fb} 5g\ eg] bf];|f] ;d"xsf nflu !$ j6f gu/x¿sf]
k|fyldstfs/0f ug]{ sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . gu/ cfof]hgfx¿sf] 5gf]6, lj:t[t ;j]{If0f,
cfly{s÷;fdflhs÷jftfj/0fLo kIfx¿sf] n]vfhf]vf, lj:t[t Ol~hgLol/ª l8hfOg, lgdf{0fsfo{sf]
;'kl/j]If0f, cg'udg, d"NofÍg, lgdf{0fkZrft\ ;~rfng tyf ;Def/sfo{df pkef]Qmf ju{sf]
k|ltlglwd"ns ;+:yfsf dfWodn] pkef]Qmfx¿sf] clwstd ;xeflutfdf cfof]hgf ;DkGg ug]{ gLlt
/x]sf] o; cfof]hfdf vfg]kfgL cfk"lt{ ;]jf;'ljwfsf] nflu cg'dflgt nfutsf] #)Ü vr{ pkef]Qmf
ju{sf] ;xnufgL /xg] / ;fd'bflos zf}rfno, jiff{tsf] kfgLsf] lgsf;k|0ffnL lgdf{0fsf nflu
pkef]Qmf ju{ / :yfgLo lgsfon] ;+o'Qm ¿kdf nfut cg'dfgsf] !%Ü vr{ ;xnufgLsf] k|fjwfg
Joj:yfksLo ;dGjosf b[li6n] s]xL r"gf}ltk"0f{ /x]tf klg ;xnufgL / nfut c;'nLsf] cjwf/0ffn]
pkef]Qmf ju{nfO{ ljsf;sf] d"nk|jfxdf k|j]z eg] u/fPsf] 5 .
d"ntM C0f ;Demf}tfdf lglb{i6 ljifoj:t'x¿af/] cem :ki6 ug{ cfof]hgfsf] Report and
Recommendation of the President (RRP), Project Administration Manual (PAM): Third Small
Towns Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project h:tf cfwf/e"t b:tfj]hx¿sf cfwf/df
cfof]hgf Joj:yfkg sfof{noaf6 of] æcfof]hgf sfof{Gjog lgb]{lzsfÆ tof/ ul/Psf] 5 . k|:t't lgb]{lzsfdf cfof]hgfsf] sfo{If]q, lglb{i6 p2]Zox¿, sfo{k|lqmof, ;|f]t Joj:yfkg / ;xh
sfof{Gjogsf nflu ;Da4 ;/f]sf/jfnf kIf÷lgsfox¿sf] bfloTj / e"ldsfnfO{ ;d]t ;d]l6Psf] 5 .
;fy} vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO ;DalGwt gLltlgod lgb]{zg÷;Da¢ ;Demf}tfx¿nfO{ ;d]6L Pp6}
lgb]{lzsfaf6 hfgsf/L pknAw u/fpg] k|of;:j?k of] lgb]{lzsf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . o; lgb]{lzsf
cfof]hgf sfof{Gjogsf nflu sfo{/t ;a} ;/f]sf/jfnf ;+:yf÷lgsfox¿sf ;fy;fy} cfof]hgfl;t
k|ToIf jf k/f]If ?kn] ;/f]sf/ /fVg] ju{÷lgsfo / cfd pkef]Qmf ju{x¿nfO{ oy]i7 ;xof]u k'Ug]
ljZjf; ul/Psf] 5 .
cGTodf, k|:t't lgb]{lzsfnfO{ yk ;"rgfd"ns tyf k|efjsf/L agfpg ;/f]sf/jfnf ju{, lgb]{lzsf
k|of]ustf{ tyf kf7sju{sf] plrt /fo ;'emfjsf] ck]Iff /fv]sf] 5' .
===========================
-lt/]zk|;fb vqL_ sf=d'= cfof]hgf lgb]{zs
t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO If]qut cfof]hgf cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog lgb]{lzsf
kb—;ª\s]t (Abbreviation)
c=;]=If]=s= — cGtl/d ;]jfIf]q sld6L
cf=j= — cfly{s jif{
cf=Jo=sf= — cfof]hgf Joj:yfkg sfof{no
If]=cf=Jo=sf= — If]qLo cfof]hgf Joj:yfkg sfof{no
P=lj=a}Í — PlzofnL ljsf; a}Í
ls=ld= — lsnf]ld6/
sf]=n]=lg=sf= — sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqssf] sfof{no
vf=kf=9=lg=lj= — vfg]kfgL tyf 9n lgsf; ljefu
vf=kf=;=l8÷;j–l8=sf= — vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO l8lehg÷;j–l8lehg sfof{no
vf=kf=p=;+=÷vf=kf=p=;=;= — vfgf]kfgL pkef]Qmf ;+:yf÷vfgf]kfgL pkef]Qmf tyf ;/;kmfO ;ldlt
uf=lj=;= — ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt
g=kf= — gu/kflnsf
lh=la=;= — lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt
lh=:jf=sf= — lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{no
lh=lz=sf= — lhNnf lzIff sfof{no
l8=;'=Jo=k= — l8hfOg ;'kl/j]If0f tyf Joj:yfkg k/fdz{bftf
l8=k'=k|f=k= — l8hfOg k'g/fjnf]sg tyf k|fljlws k/LIf0f
/f=vf=kf=;=k|= s]= — /fli6«o vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO k|lzIf0f s]Gb\
If]=If=c=O — If]qut Ifdtf clej[l4 OsfO
;+=;]=;=k=O{= — ;+:yfut ;]jf / ;xof]u k/fdz{ OsfO
;+=;]=;=k=O{=k= — ;+:yfut ;]jf / k/fdz{ OsfO k/fdz{bftf
;f=k=zf= — ;fd'bflos kl/rfng zfvf
3=ld= — 3gld6/
g=lj=sf]= — gu/ ljsf; sf]if
lg=Jo= — lgdf{0f Joj;foL
d=n]=lg=sf= — dxfn]vf lgoGqssf] sfof{no
d"n ;Demf}tf — P=lj=a}Í / g]kfn ;/sf/aLr ;DkGg cg'bfg ;Demf}tf
n}+=;=;f=;=sf=of]= — n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zL sfo{of]hgf
n}=d"=;+=;= — n}lËs d"nk|jfxLs/0f ;+of]hg ;ldlt
;xfos C0f ;Demf}tf — cy{ dGqfnfo / gu/ ljsf; sf]ifaLr ;DkGg C0f ;Demf}tf
C0f ;Demf}tf — g=lj=sf]= / vf=kf=p=;=;=jLr ;DkGg C0f ;Demf}tf
:yf=u}=;=;= — :yfgLo u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf
:yf= gL= — :yfgLo lgsfo
If]=c=;'=sf= — If]qLo cg'udg tyf ;'kl/j]If0f sfof{no
k|=cf=c=sf= — k|ltkmndf cfwfl/t cg'bfg sfo{qmd
cf=Jo=k= — cfof]hgf Joj:yfkg k/fdz{bftf
z=vf=kf=;=If]=lg= — zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO If]qut gLlt
ADB — Asian Development Bank
RRP — Report and Recommendation of the President
PAM — Project Administration Manual
STWSSSP — Small Towns Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project
PPMS — Project Performance Monitoring System
CMS – Community Mobilization Section
SEIU — Sector Efficiency Improvement Unit
ISSAU — Institutional Support and Service Advisory Unit
DCMC — Design Supervision and Management Consultant
DRTAC — Design Review and Technical Audit Consultant
PPME — Project Performance Monitoring and Evaluation
BME — Benefit Monitoring and Evaluation
OBA — Output Based Aid
QoL — Quality of Life
JMP — Joint Monitoring Program
MDG — Millennium Development Goal
ljifo;"rL
(Table of Contents)
qm=; zLif{s ljj/0f k[i7
!= k[i7e"ld ! !=! cfof]hgfsf] ;fGble{stf @
!=@= If]qut cj:yf @
!=#= k"j{ cfof]hgfx¿af6 ePsf nfe tyf l;sfO @
@= cfof]hgfsf cjwf/0ff @ #= cfof]hgfsf] gLlt # #=! ;xnufgL÷nfut c;'nL tyf ;fem]bf/L #
#=@ n}lËs ;dfgtf / ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f #
(Gender Equility & Social Inclusion - GESI)
#=# k|ltkmndf cfwfl/t cg'bfg (Output-Based Aid) #
#=$ kf/blz{tf / pQ/bfloTj $
$= cfof]hgfsf] nIf÷p2]Zo $ %= cfof]hgfsf] sfo{If]q $
%=! vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO k"jf{wf/sf] ;'wf/ tyf lj:tf/ $
%=@ If]qut gLlt, lgod, ;+:yfut Ifdtf tyf ;]jf k|bfgdf ;zlSts/0f $
%=# cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog k|lqmofdf ;'wf/ %
^= cfof]hgfsf] nfut tyf vr{ a]xf]l/g] ;|f]t % &= cfof]hgfsf] nfut tyf vr{ a]xf]l/g] ;|f]t / vr{sf] lhDd]jf/L * &=! vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf lgdf{0ftkm{ 8
&=@ ;/;kmfO tyf kmf]x/ Joj:yfkgtk{m 8
*= ;]jfz'Ns lgwf{/0f tyf Nffut c;'nL k|lqmof !) (= sf]if k|fKt ug]{ k|lqmof / ljQLo ;DefJoQf !! !)= cfof]hgfsf] kf/blz{tf / hafkmb]lxtf !@ !!= cfof]hgfdf ;+nUg ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox¿sf] lhDd]jf/L / e"ldsf !$
11=1 zx/L ljsf; dGqfno (Ministry of Urban Development) 14
11=2 vfg]kfgL tyf (n lgsf; ljefu (Department of Water Supply and Sewerage) 15
11=3 cfof]hgf Joj:yfkg sfof{no (Project Management Office) 15
!!=$ If]qLo cfof]hgf Joj:yfkg sfof{no (Regional Project Management Office) 17
!!=% vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO l8lehg÷;a–l8lehg sfof{no (WSSDO/Sub-DO) 18
!!=^ l8hfOg ;'kl/j]If0f tyf Joj:yfkg k/fdz{bftf (Design, Supervision and Management Consultants – DSMCs) 18 !!=& gu/ ljsf; sf]if (Town Development Fund) 18
!!=* :yfgLo lgsfox¿ (Local Bodies) 20 !!=( uflj;÷gu/:t/Lo vfg]kfgL ;/;kmfO tyf :jR5tf ;dGjo ;ldlt (V/M-WASH-CC) 21
!!=!) vfg]kfgL pkef]Qmf ;+:yf÷:yfgLo lgsfo 22
(Water Consumers' Association / Local Body)
!!=!! /fli6«o vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO k|lzIf0f s]Gb| (National Water Supply and Sanitation Training Centre) 26
11=12 lgdf{)f Joj;foL (Civil Works Contractor) 26
!!=!# PlzofnL ljsf; a}+s (Asian Development Bank-ADB) 27
!@= ;+:yfut Joj:yfkg (Institutional Arrangement) @&
!#= t];|f]] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO If]qut cfof]hgfsf] sfo{k|lqmof #)
13=1 k|yd r/)f M lgdf{)f-k"j{ cfof]hgf th'{df / %gf]̂ k|lqmof 30
13=2 bf];|f] r/)f M cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog÷lgdf{)f k|lqmof 32
!#=# t];|f] r/0f M kfgL ;~rfng / dd{t;Def/ k|lqmof ##
!$= cfof]hgf sfof{Gjogsf] Joj:yf (Project Implementation Arrangement) #%
!%= cfof]hgf Joj:yfkg tyf cg'udg 9f“rf (Project Design & Monitoring Framework) #^
!^= gu/ cfof]hgf 5gf]6 k|lqmof -Town/Sub-project Selection Process_ #(
!&= cfof]hgfsf] ;fdflhs tyf jftfj/0fLo ;'/Iff / lbuf]kg $! !&=! ;fdflhs tyf jftfj/0fLo ;'/Iff $!
!&=@ u'gf;f]÷b'Mv];f] lgjf/0f ;+oGq (Grievance/ Redress Mechnism) $@
!&=# cfof]hgfsf] lbuf]kgsf ;afnx¿ $$
!*= cfof]hgfsf ;an kIf, cj;/ tyf hf]lvdo'Qm kIfx¿ $%
18=1 cfof]hgfsf ;an kIfx¿ -Strengths_ 45
18=2 cfof]hgfaf^ k|fKt x'g] cj;/x¿ (Opportunities) 46
18=3 cfof]hgfsf hf]lvdx¿ ( Risk Factors) 47
tflnsf
qm=;+ gfd k]h g+=
!= cfof]hgfsf] nfut cg'dfg tyf ;|f]t ljj/0f ^
@= nufgLstf{cg';f/sf] la:t[t nfut cg'dfg &
# vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf lgdf{0fdf pkef]Qmfx¿sf] ;xnufgL *
$= vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf lgdf{0fdf ;/sf/4f/f lgsf;f ul/g] tl/sf *
%= t];|f] ;fgf zx/L cfof]hgfsf] sfof{no ;Ë7g tflnsf @(
^= If]qLo cfof]hgf Joj:yfkg sfof{nosf] ;Ë7g tflnsf @(
k|lqmof lrqx¿
!= lrq g+ ! – vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf lgdf{0fsf nflu ;|f]tut /sd k|jfx k|lqmof (
@= lrq g+ @ – sf]if k|jfx lrq !#
#= lrq g+ # – cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog Joj:yf (Project Implementation Arrangement) lrq #%
$= lrq g+= $ – u'gf;f] lgjf/0f k|lqmof lrq $$
cg';"rLx¿
cg';"rL – ! gu/ cfof]hgf 5gf]6 cfj]bg kmf/fd $*
cg';"rL – @ k"j{;DefJotf cWoog k|ltj]bg kmf/fd (Pre-Feasibility Report Format) %#
cg';"rL – # gu/ 5gf]6 dfkb08 -Town Selection Criteria) %*
cg';"rL – $ gu/ cfof]hgf ;xdlt kq %(
cg';"rL – % gu/ cfof]hgfsf] ljQLo -lqkIfLo_ ;Demf}tf &)
cg';"rL – ^ cfof]hgf Joj:yfkg ;Demf}tfkq *%
cg';"rL – & C0f ;Demf}tf kmf/fd -gu/ ljsf; sf]if / vf=kf=p=;=;=aLr x'g]_ !)!
cg';"rL – * vfg]kfgL pkef]Qmf tyf ;/;kmfO ;+:yfsf] gd'gf ljwfg !!!
cg';"rL – ( :jf:Yo / ;/;kmfO lzIff sfo{qmd !@#
cg';"rL – !) k|ltkmndf cfwfl/t cg'bfg sfo{qmd !@*
cg';"rL – !! n}lËs ;dfgtf / ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLtf sfo{qmd !#@
cg';"rL – !@ cfof]hgfsf] k'gjf{; 9fFrf -Resettlement Framework- Entitlement Matrix) !$)
cg';"rL – !# wf/f h8fgsf] b/vf:t gd'gf !$%
cg';"rL – !$ cfof]hgf ;DkGg ePkl5 cfof]hgfaf6 k|fKt nfe cg'udg tyf d"Nof°g !$^
(Benefit Monitoring and Evaluation)
cg';"rL – !% vfg]kfgL ;]jfsf :t/x¿ !%^
cg';"rL – !^ t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO cfof]hgfsf] sfo{k|lqmof !%&
kl/lzi6
kl/lzi6 – ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿sf] ;xeflutfaf/] hfgsf/Ld"ns l6Kk0fL !^)
t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO If]qut cfof]hgf – cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog lgb]{lzsf -1_
!= k[i7e"ld
g]kfnsf] ;du| /fli6«o ljsf;sf] k|jfx;Fu} g]kfnL hgtfsf] hLjg:t/df k|z:t kl/jt{g / ultzLntf
cfPsf] 5 . kmn:j¿k lhNnf ;b/d'sfd, /fhdfu{x¿ / ;xfos /fhdfu{¿sf ;ª\ud :ynx¿df a9\bf]
hg;+Vof j[l4n] ubf{ ToxfF cjl:yt ahf/If]qx¿ ;fgf gu/÷zx/x¿sf ¿kdf ljsl;t x'Fb} uPsf 5g\ .
oL ;fgf zx/x¿ zx/ tyf u|fdL0f If]qsf aLrdf cf}Bf]lus tyf Jofkfl/s lqmofsnfkx¿sf] ;ª\ud
:ynsf ¿kdf kl/jlt{t eO{ cfly{s b[li6sf]0fn] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]ln/x]sf 5g\ . ;dosf] kl/jt{g;Fu}
qmlds ¿kn] tL If]qx¿df ljsf;sf] cj;/ / ;Defjgf lg/Gt/ ¿kn] a9\b} uO/x]sf] jf:tljstf xfd|f
;fd' ljBdfg 5 . o;/L] a9\bf] hg;ª\Vofsf] rfknfO{ df}h'bf vfg]kfgL / ;/;kmfOsf] ;'ljwf / u'0f:t/
ckof{Kt x'Fb} uPsf 5g\ .
g]kfn ;/sf/n] xfn b'|t ultn] ljsl;t x'Fb} cfPsf ;fgf zx/x¿df u'0f:t/Lo vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfOsf]
;'ljwf pknAw u/fpg] clek|fon] /fli6«o zx/L gLltsf cfwf/df cBfjlws kGw| aifL{o ljsf; of]hgf -;g\
@)))–@)!%_ n] ;fgf zx/x¿sf] kl/efiffnfO{ k'gkl/eflift u/]sf] 5 . o; of]hgfn] s'n @^% j6f ;fgf
zx/x¿sf] klxrfg u/]sf] 5 . zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO gLlt @)^^ n] tf]s]sf] ;]jf:t/sf] kl/efiff
tyf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] cBfjlws !% jifL{o ljsf; sfo{of]hgfdf ;"rLs[t ePsf k'gMkl/eflift ;fgf
zx/÷gu/ If]qx¿df ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO cfof]hgf r/0fa4 ¿kn] ;~rfng ub}{ :jR5
tyf u'0f:t/Lo vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfOsf] ;]jf ;'ljwf lj:tf/ ub}{ hfg] nIo /x]sf] 5 . o; of]hgf
cGtu{t g]kfn ;/sf/af6 PlzofnL ljsf; a}+ssf] C0f ;xof]udf klxnf] r/0fdf @( j6f ;fgf zx/x¿df
klxnf] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO cfof]hgf -cf=j= @)%&÷)%*–@)^$÷)^%_ ;~rfng eO{
tTsflng cj:yfdf % nfveGbf a9L hgtf vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfOsf] ;]jf;'ljwfsf] ljsf;af6 nfeflGjt
eO;s]sf 5g\ . k|yd r/0fsf] ;kmntf kZrft PlzofnL ljsf; a}+ssf] cg'bfg ;xof]udf g]kfn ;/sf/n]
bf];|f] r/0fdf @! j6f ;fgf zx/x¿df bf];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO cfof]hgf cf=j=
@)^^÷)^&—@)&!÷)&@ ;~rfng ub{} 5 . o; cfof]hgfaf6 sl/a @ nfv $) xhf/ vfg]kfgL tyf @
nfv &) xhf/ ;fgf zx/L hg;ª\Vof ;/;kmfOsf] ;'ljwfaf6 nfeflGjt x'g] cg'dfg ul/Psf] ePtf klg
cfof]hgf ;DkGg x'Fbfsf] cj:yfdf sl/j # nfv %) xhf/ hg;+Vof vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfOsf] ;'ljwfaf6
nfeflGjt x'g] b]lvG5g\ .
bf];|f] vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO cfof]hgf ;+rfng x'b} ubf{ xfn cfP/ PlzofnL ljsf; a}+ssf] C0f
;xof]udf g]kfn ;/sf/n] s/La @^ j6f ;fgf ;x/x?df t];|f] ;fgf ;x/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO
cfof]hgf cf=j= @)&!÷&@ b]lv @)&&÷&* ;Dd sfof{Gjog ub}{5 . o; cfof]hgfaf6 s/La # nfv ()
xhf/ ;fgf ;x/L hg;+Vof vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfOsf] ;'ljwfaf6 nfefGjLt x'g] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 .
o;sf ;fy} o; cfof]hgf cGtu{t k|yd r/0fdf ;DkGg ePsf gu/ cfof]hgfx?sf] ;'wf/sf nflu klg
cfjZos Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .
kGw| jifL{o ljsf; of]hgfn] ;fgf zx/sf ¿kdf klxrfg lbg lgDg cfwf/x¿ to u/]sf]
% .
!_ hg;ª\Vof – hg;ª\Vof %,))) – $),))) ;Ddsf ePsf] .
@_ df]6/af6fsf] ;'ljwf – af¥x} dlxgf df]6/ rNg] af6fsf] ;'ljwf ePsf] .
#_ ef}lts ;'ljwfx¿ – ljh'nL, 6]lnkmf]g, sDtLdf Pp6f dfWolds ljBfno tyf :jf:Yo rf}sL / a}lͪ ;]jf
pknAw ePsf] .
t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO If]qut cfof]hgf – cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog lgb]{lzsf -2_
!=! cfof]hgfsf] ;fGble{stf
g]kfndf xfn zx/Ls/0fsf] cj:yf b|'tt/ ultn] al9/x]sf] 5 . ;g\ @)!! sf] u0fgf cg';f/ g]kfndf xfn
sl/j &% nfv -&=% ldlnog_ dflg;x?sf] a;f]jf; zx/L If]qdf 5 eg] ;g\ @)@& ;Dddf k'Ubf of] ;+Vof
yk @& k|ltztn] j[l4 x'ghfg] b]lvG5 . o; cj:yfdf b]zsf] s"n ufx{:y pTkfbgdWo] ^% k|ltzt
pTkfbg o;} If]qaf6 x'g] b]lvG5 tfklg cJojl:yt zx/Ls/0fn] ubf{ al9/x]sf] zx/Ls/0fsf] t'ngfdf
cfly{s cj;/ tyf zx/L k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf; / zx/L ;]jf ;'ljwfsf] oy]i7tfsf] sdLn] ubf{ ul/jLsf]
cj:yf j[l4 x'g'sf ;fy} jftfj/0fLo x|f; klg x'ghfg] b]lvG5 . zx/L If]qsf] ul/jL k|ltzt ;g\ @))$ df
(=@ k|ltzt lyof] eg] ;g\ @)!! ;Dd cfpFbf o;df j[l4 eO !%=% k|ltzt x'gk'u]sf] 5 . t;y{ oL ;a}
r'gf}tL ;fdgf ug{sf nflu ;x/L If]qsf] ;'ljwf j[l4 ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5 .
!=@ If]qut cj:yf
;g\ @)!! sf] tYofÍ cg';f/ b]zsf] s"n hg;+Vofsf] *% k|ltzt -*&Ü zx/L tyf *$Ü u|fdL0f If]q_
nfO{ ;'wfl/Psf] vfg]kfgL ;]jf pknAw lyof] eg] ;/;kmfOsf] ;'ljwf ^@ k|ltzt -(!Ü zx/L tyf %%Ü
u|fdL0f If]q_ hgtfnfO{ pknAw lyof] . kfOk k|0ffnLaf6 vfg]kfgL ;]jf pknAw u/fOPsf dWo] klg
cg'dflgt @) k|ltzt hltdf ;]jfsf] lg/Gt/tf 5}g eg] w]/}h;f]df k'gMlgdf{0f ug'{kg]{ cj:yfsf 5g\ .
vfg]kfgLsf] ;]jf kx'Fr ePsf If]qdf k|fs[lts d"n cyjf :ofnf] tyf xft] kDkaf6 kfgLsf] k|of]u ul/G5 .
jf6/ P8n] ;g\ @)!) df cg'dfg u/]cg';f/ ;fgf ;x/x?df hDdf $% k|ltzt hgtfnfO{ dfq kfOk
vfg]kfgLsf] ;]jf pknAw lyof] eg] ;/;kmfOtkm{ #^ k|ltzt hgtfnfO{ dfq of] ;'ljwf k|fKt lyof] . o;n]
ubf{ v'nf ?kdf lbzf ubf{ x'g] kfgL k|b"if0fn] ubf{ hg:jf:Yodf Jofks gsf/fTds k|efj k/]sf] b]lvG5 eg]
jif]{gL % jif{eGbf d'lgsf sl/j !# xhf/ afnaflnsfsf] d[To' x'g] ub{5 .
!=# k"j{ cfof]hgfx?af6 ePsf nfe tyf l;sfO
PlzofnL ljsf; a}+sn] k|yd r/0fsf] ;fgf ;x/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO cfof]hgfsf nflu ;g\ @)))
df #% ldlnog cd]l/sL 8n/ a/fa/ C0f ;xof]u u/]sf] lyof] . o; cGtu{t hDdf @( j6f gu/
cfof]hgfx? ;DkGg eP eg] o;af6 sl/j % nfv (# xhf/ hgtfn] vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfOsf] ;'ljwf
k|fKt u/] . o; cfof]hgfaf6 pkef]Stf;Fusf] ;xnufgL k4lt tyf cfof]hgf ;+rfngdf pkef]Stf
;+:yf÷:yfgLo lgsfosf] ;xeflutfsf] z'?jft ul/of] . k|yd r/0fsf] cfof]hgf ;g\ @))( df ;kmn
?kdf ;DkGg eof] h;sf] d"Nof+sg PlzofnL ljsf; a}+saf6 :jtGq ?kdf ul/Psf] cWoogaf6 k'li6
x'G5 . o;sf] nuQ} PlzofnL ljsf; a}+saf6 ;g\ @))( df bf];|f] r/0fsf] vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO
cfof]hgfsf nflu $%=! ldlnog cd]l/sL 8n/ a/fa/ cg'bfg ;xof]u k|fKt eof] . o;af6 hDdf @! j6f
:yfgdf gu/ cfof]hgfx? lgdf{0f ;DkGg x'Fb}5g\ . o;af6 sl/j # nfv #% xhf/ @ ;o $^ hgtf
vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfOaf6 nfeflGjt x'g]5g\ eg] of] cfof]hgf ;g\ @)!^ ;Dddf ;DkGg x'g]5 . k|yd
tyf bf];|f] r/0fsf cfof]hgfx?sf] ;kmntf kZrft cfof]hgf ;+rfng tyf o;sf] lbuf]kgsf nflu s]xL
kf7x? l;lsPsf] 5 eg] o;sf nflu cfof]hgf ;~rfng tyf gu/ ljsf; sf]ifsf] Ifdtfsf ;fy} cg'bfg
tyf ljQLo ;+/rgfdf ;'wf/ ug{ cfjZos b]lvG5 . k|yd tyf låtLo r/0fsf log} k|d'v l;sfOx?af6
kf7 l;sL t];|f] r/0fsf] cfof]hgfsf] l8hfOg ul/Psf] 5g\ . o;n] ubf{ eljiodf lglZrGt x'g ;lsG5 ls
cfof]hgfsf] Ifdtf clej[l4 eO lbuf] ;]jf k|jfx ug{ ;fgf ;x/x? ;Ifd x'g]5g\ .
@= cfof]hgfsf] cjwf/0ff
g]kfn ;/sf/, pkef]Qmf ju{÷:yfgLo lgsfosf] ;xnufgL / nfut c;'nLdf cfwfl/t x'g],
cfof]hgfsf] lgdf{0f, ;~rfng / ;Def/df pkef]Qmfju{sf] :jfldTj /xg] u/L n}lËs ;dfgtf / ;fdflhs ;dfj]zL ;xeflutf /xg] tyf
t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO If]qut cfof]hgf – cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog lgb]{lzsf -3_
;]jfsf] u'0f:t/ ;'wf/ / ;]jf:t/df j[l4 cfpg] .
#= cfof]hgfsf] gLlt
t];|f]] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO cfof]hgfn] cËLsf/ u/]sf d'Vo gLlt lgDgcg';f/ 5g\ M
#=! ;xnufgL÷nfut c;'nL (Cost Sharing/Recovery) tyf ;fem]bf/L
t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO ;]jfk|0ffnLsf] bL3{sfnLg / lbuf] pkof]usf nflu lgld{t
k|0ffnLsf] sfof{Gjog / ;~rfngdf nfUg] vr{ pkef]Qmfaf6 c;'npk/ ug'{ cfjZos x'G5 . gu/
cfof]hgfsf] lgdf0f{df k'FhLut nufgL:j¿k vfg]kfgL ;+/rgf lgdf{0fsf] s'n nfutdf pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf]
;xnufgLsf] gLlt ckgfPsf] 5 .
pkef]Qmfn] ug]{ ;xnufgLsf] c+z cfof]hgfsf] lj:t[t OlGhlgol/ª l8hfOg cWoogkl5 ls6fg x'g] eP
tfklg ;xnufgL c+z vfg]kfgL lgdf{0f nfutsf] #)Ü eGbf a9L x'g] 5}g / ;f] #)Ü dWo] Go"gtd %Ü
cfof]hgfsf] ;~rfngsf] k|lta¢tf:j¿k clu|d gub hDdf ug'{kg]{5 . o;/L hDdf ePsf] of]ubfg /sdsf
cfwf/df afFsL @%Ü a/fa/ /sd h'6fpg pkef]Qmf ;+:yf÷:yfgLo lgsfon] gu/ ljsf; sf]ifaf6 C0f
dfu ug{ ;Sg] k|fjwfg /x]sf] 5 . pQm C0f ;x'lnot (grace period) cjlw % jif{;lxt @% jif{leq r'Qmf
ug'{kg]{5 . o; cjlwleq kfgL ;]jfz'Nsjfkt pkef]Qmfaf6 c;'n u/]sf] /sdaf6 pkef]Qmf ;+:yfn] gu/
ljsf; sf]ifnfO{ C0f e'QmfgL ub}{ hfg' kg{]5 . ;f] C0fsf] Aofh %Ü eGbf a9L x'g] 5}g .
vfg]kfgLsf] cfk"lt{ ;]jfafktsf] ljQLo lbuf]kgfsf] ;'/Iff ug{ pkef]Qmfju{af6 cfof]hgf ;~rfng tyf
dd{t ;Def/sf] vr{ k"/} c;'n ug]{ ljQLo Joj:yfkg gLlt /x]sf] 5 . pkef]Qmfx¿sf] ;xnufgL /
:jfldTjk"0f{ ;xeflutf÷cu'jfOdf ;~rfng x'g] gu/ cfof]hgfsf] th'{df, lgdf{0f, ;~rfng tyf ;Def/
cflb ;du| sfdsf] lhDd]jf/L vfg]kfgL pkef]Qmf tyf ;/;kmfO ;+:yf÷;ldltdf /xg] x'Fbf :yfgLo txdf
vfg]kfgLsf] ;]jf ljsf;, lj:tf/ / ;'wf/sf nflu zf;sLo bIftfsf nflu Ifdtf clej[l¢ u/fO{
pkef]Qmfju{sf] ;xeflutfnfO{ o; cfof]hgfn] k|f]T;flxt u/]sf] 5 .
#=@ n}lËs ;dfgtf / ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f (Gender Equility & Social Inclusion - GESI)
ljsf;sf ;a} k|lqmofdf n}lËs tyf u}/nfeflGjt ju{÷;d'bfosf] ;dfg'kflts k|ltlglwTj / ;xeflutfnfO{
k|f]T;flxt ub}{ hfg] p2]Zon] n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLsf nflu ljkGg÷ul/a, sdhf]/ tyf
k5fl8 k/]sf hghflt÷ju{÷;d'bfox¿nfO{ cfof]hgfsf] ;a} tx / kIfx¿df ;dfj]z u/fpg] x]t'n] ;Da¢
lgsfox¿Dffk{mt cfof]hgfn] n}lËs ;dfgtf / ;fdflhs ;dfj]zL gLlt sfof{Gjog ug]{5 . To; ;DaGwL
sfo{qmdsf] cjwf/0ff / sfo{qmdaf/] n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zL sfo{qmd lgb]{lzsfdfkm{t
hfgsf/L pknAw x'g]5 . n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zL sfo{qmdaf/] cg';"lr !! df lj:t[t
hfgsf/L pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
#=# k|ltkmndf cfwfl/t cg'bfg (Output-based Aid)
ljkGg÷ul/a tyf hf]lvddf k/]sf ju{÷;d"xx¿nfO{ vfg]kfgLsf] cfk"lt{ tyf ;/;kmfOsf] ;]jf ;xh
pknAw u/fpg] p2]Zon] t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO cfof]hgfn] /fxt:j¿k cg'bfg lbg] /0fgLlt ckgfPsf] 5 . o;sf nflu ;]jf k|bfos ;+:yfsf ¿kdf vfg]kfgL pkef]Qmf tyf ;/;kmfO
;+:yfnfO{ cg'bfg /sd pknAw x'g]5 . l8hfOg ;'kl/j]If0f tyf Joj:yfkg k/fdz{bft[ ;+:yfn] tof/
u/]sf] ;fdflhs cfly{s ljj/0fsf cfwf/df klxrfg tyf 5gf]6 x'g] 3/w'/Lx¿df lghL wf/f h8fg tyf
rkL{ lgdf{0f ePsf] k|df0fsf cfwf/df cg'bfg lbO{g]5 .
t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO If]qut cfof]hgf – cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog lgb]{lzsf -4_
#=$ kf/blz{tf / pQ/bfloTj cfof]hgfsf lqmofsnfkx¿sf] kf/blz{tf / hgpQ/bfloTjk"0f{ hjfkmb]xL agfpg ;Da4 lgsfo÷
;/f]sf/jfnf ju{÷;d'bfox¿ b]lv ;a{;fwf/0f;Dd ;a}nfO{ ;';"lrt agfpg ;"rgf ;Dk|]if0fsf ljleGg
dfWodx¿ h:t} ljB'tLo tyf j]a ;fO6, 5fkf dfWodaf6 ;"rgfd"ns k|sfzgx¿ tyf e]63f6, 5nkmn
cGtlqm{of tyf ;r]tgf sfo{qmdx¿dfkm{t cfof]hgfaf/]sf hfgsf/L tyf cfjZos ;"rgfx¿ ;Dk|]if0f
ul/g]5g\ .
$= cfof]hgfsf] nIo÷p2]Zo
t];|f] ;fgf ;x/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO cfof]hgfsf] k|d'v nIo÷p2]Zox? lgDg cg';f/ 5g\M
cfof]hgf If]qsf pkef]Stfx?sf] hLjg:t/df ;'wf/ Nofpg] .
lbuf] tyf ;dfj]zL vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ .
%= cfof]hgfsf] sfo{If]q
t];|f] ;fgf ;x/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO cfof]hgfn] If]qut ljsf;, lj:tf/ tyf cfof]hgfsf] p2]Zo
kl/k"lt{sf nflu lgDg pNn]lvt tLgj6f sfo{If]qx?nfO c+uLsf/ u/]sf] 5 M
%=! vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO k"jf{wf/sf] ;'wf/ tyf lj:tf/ -*!=* ldlnog cd]l/sL 8n/_M
o; cGtu{t sl/j @^ j6f ;fgf ;x/x?sf nflu :jR5, ;xh / kof{Kt vfg]kfgL tyf
;/;kmfO ;]jf ;'ljwf pknAw u/fOg]5 . o;sf nflu o; zLif{s cGtu{t lgDg sfo{x?
ul/g]5g\M
gu/ cfof]hgfx?df vfg]kfgL ;+/rgfx?sf] lgdf{0f tyf :t/f]Gglt ul/g] .
vfg]kfgLsf] ;]jfsf nflu sl/j !$ ;o %) lsnf]ld6/ kfOknfOg lj:tf/ ul/g] .
sl/j &* xhf/ gofF 3/w'/Ldf vfg]kfgLsf nflu wf/f h8fg ul/g] .
@^ j6f kfgL k|zf]wg ;+oGqsf] lgdf{0f u/L sl/j ^( xhf/ ^ ;o *) 3gld6/ kfgL z'l4s/0fsf nflu k|zf]wg ;+oGq lgdf{0f ul/g] .
ul/jLsf] /]vfd'lg /x]sf sl/j @) xhf/ # ;o 3/w'/Ldf lghL rkL{ lgdf{0f ul/g] .
;fd'bflos ;/;kmfOtkm{ ;]lK6s 6\of+sL ;lxtsf @^ j6f ;fd'bflos zf}rfno lgdf{0f ul/g] .
;]lK6s 6\of+saf6 lg:sg] kmf]xf]/ n]bf] Joj:yfkgsf nflu cfjZos ;+oGq lgdf{0f ug]{ . o;sf ;fy} s]xL gu/ cfof]hgfx?df ljs]Gb|Ls[t kmf]xf]/ kfgL k|zf]wg Joj:yfsf nflu
k|zf]wg ;+oGqsf] lgdf{0f ul/g] .
9n lgdf{0fsf nflu u'?of]hgf lgdf{0f ul/g'sf ;fy} af9Lsf] k|sf]k b]lvg] gu/ cfof]hgf If]qx?df 9n lgdf{0fsf] Joj:yfsf nflu k|fyldstf lbOg] .
o;sf ;fy} sl/j kfFrj6f rfn' cfof]hgfx? ;'wf/ lj:tf/sf nflu sfo{ ug]{ .
kfgLsf] r'xfj6 lgoGq0fsf nflu cfjZos dd{t ug'{sf ;fy} o;sf] b/ !) k|ltztdf sfod /fVg] .
%=@ If]qut gLlt,lgod,;+:yfut Ifdtf tyf ;]jf k|bfgdf ;zlSts/0f -#=$ ldlnog cd]l/sL 8n/_M
o; sfo{If]q cGtu{t ;du| If]qut ljsf; tyf ;'wf/sf nflu lgDg sfo{x? ul/g]5g\M
t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO If]qut cfof]hgf – cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog lgb]{lzsf -5_
z'Ns lgwf{/0f lgb]{lzsf cg';f/ ;fgf ;x/L gu/ cfof]hgfx?df kfgL dx;'n b/ nfu' ul/g] .
vfg]kfgL tyf 9n lgsf; ljefu cGtu{t ;+:yfut ;]jf / ;xof]u k/fdz{ OsfO (ISSAU) u7g u/L ;fgf ;x/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO cfof]hgfx?sf] lbuf]kgsf nflu
cfjZos kxn ul/g] .
vfg]kfgL tyf 9n lgsf; ljefusf nflu cfjZos ejgsf] Joj:yf ul/g] . o;sf ;fy} vfg]kfgL tyf 9n lgsf; ljefu, ;+:yfut Ifdtf clej[l4 OsfO (SEIU) tyf vfg]kfgL
pkef]Stf ;+:yf÷:yfgLo lgsfosf nflu cfjZos Joj;flos of]hgf (Business Plan)
tof/ kfg'{sf ;fy} sfof{Gjog ug{ nufpg] .
gu/ ljsf; sf]if (TDF) sf] ljQLo nufgL tyf dWo:ytf ug]{ Ifdtf ;zlSts/0f ug{sf nflu cfjZos kxn ul/g] .
gu/ cfof]hgfsf] kmf]xf]/d}nf Joj:yfkg (SWM) sfo{of]hgf tof/ ul/g] .
pkef]Stf ;+:yf÷:yfgLo lgsfonfO{ cfjZos kg]{ k|fljlws, cfly{s tyf Joj:yfkg ;DaGwL cfjZos tflnd k|bfg ul/g] .
sDKo'6/ k|0ffnLåf/f cfoJoo tyf lan tof/ ug{sf nflu tflnd tyf cfjZos ;xof]u ug]{ .
pkef]Stf ;+:yf÷:yfgLo lgsfosf dlxnf kbflwsf/Lx?sf] g]t[Tj Ifdtf ljsf;sf nflu cfjZos tflndsf] Joj:yf ug]{ .
kmf]xf]/d}nf Joj:yfkg, kfgL ;+/If0f, vfg]kfgL, ;/;kmfO tyf :jf:Yo (WASH) j[l4sf nflu hgr]tgfd"ns sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug]{ .
%=# cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog k|lqmofdf ;'wf/ -(=* ldlnog cd]l/sL 8n/_
cfof]hgfnfO{ k|efjsf/L ?kdf sfof{Gjog ug{sf nflu o; zLif{s cGtu{t lgDg
lqmofsnfkx? ;+rfng x'g]5g\ M
t];|f] ;fgf ;x/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO cfof]hgfdf vfg]kfgL tyf 9n lgsf; ljefu, cfof]hgf Joj:yfkg sfof{nosf] dftxt k"j{ / klZrd If]q u/L b'O{ If]qdf If]qLo
cfof]hgf Joj:yfkg sfof{nosf] :yfkgf ul/g] .
If]qLo cfof]hgf Joj:yfkg sfof{nodf l8hfOg, cg'udg tyf Joj:yfkg k/fdz{bft[ 6f]nL (DSMC) sf] Joj:yf ul/g] .
o;sf cltl/St cfof]hgf:yndf cGo cfjZosLo k/fdz{bftfx?sf] 6f]nL klg sfo{/t /xg] .
cfof]hgf Joj:yfkg sfof{no÷ If]qLo cfof]hgf Joj:yfkg sfof{noaf6 cfof]hgfdf sfo{/t k/fdz{bftfsf] ;xof]udf cfof]hgf sfo{tflnsf cg';f/ cfof]hgfdf eO/x]sf]
sfo{k|ultsf] l:ylt s] s:tf] 5 ;f] sf] lgoldt cg'udg ug'{sf ;fy} jflif{s tyf
cw{jflif{s sfo{k|ult ;dLIff klg ul/g]5 .
^= cfof]hgfsf] nfut tyf vr{ a]xf]l/g] ;|f]t
;fgf zx/ tyf gu/f]Gd'v a:tL÷If]qx¿sf afl;Gbfsf] ;lqmo ;xeflutfdf kof{Kt vfg]kfgL /
;/;kmfOsf ;'ljwf lj:tf/ ug]{tkm{ cfjZos tof/L ug]{, tbg';f/sf] lgdf{)fsf] sfd k"/f ug]{
/ lgdf{)f ;DkGg gu/ cfof]hgfsf] ;~rfng tyf dd{t;Def/sf] ;Dk")f{ lhDd]jf/L
t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO If]qut cfof]hgf – cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog lgb]{lzsf -6_
vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfon] g} lng] u/L o; cfof]hgfsf] th'{df ul/Psf] % . o; t];|f]
;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO cfof]hgfsf] k|yd ;d"x cGtu{t 12 j^f gu/
cfof]hgfx? tyf bf];|f] ;d'xdf 14 j^f gu/ cfof]hgfx? ;d]t u/L hDdf 26 j^f ;fgf
zx/L If]qsf] vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO ;"ljwf lj:tf/ ug{ nlIft cfof]hgfsf sfo{If]qx¿
(Components) leq kg]{ ;a} sfo{x¿df s'n cd]l/sL *n/ !)(,@)),))) a/fa/ /sd vr{
nfUg] cg'dfg ul/Psf] % . g]kfn ;/sf/ / P=lj=a}+s;Fu ;DkGg C0f ;Demf}tf cg';f/
cfof]hgf cjlw cS6f]j/ @)!$ b]lv hgj/L @)@! ;Dd /xg]5 . cfof]hgfsf] nfut cg"dfg tyf
;|f]tut ljj/)f tn tflnsf —! df lbOPsf] % .
tflnsf – !
cfof]hgfsf] nfut cg'dfg tyf ;|f]t ljj/0f -ldlnog cd]l/sL 8n/df_
;|f]tx¿ nfut cg'dfg k|ltzt
g]kfn ;/sf/ (GON) @#=# @!=$ PlzofnL ljsf; a}° (ADB) ^)=) %$=(
cf]k]s km08 (OFID) @)=) !*=#
;/;kmfO 6«i6 km08 (SFPTF) !=# !=@
:yfgLo lgsfo / pkef]Qmfju{{ $=% $=@
hDdf !)(=@ !))
ljlgdo b/ ! cd]l/sL 8n/ = (^ ?k}ofF @% k};f
pk/f]Qm nfutnfO{ tn tflnsf - 2 df lgb]{lzt zLif{sx¿ cGtu{t af¤*kmf¤* ul/Psf] % .
t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO If]qut cfof]hgf – cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog lgb]{lzsf -7_
tflnsf — @ nufgLstf{cg';f/sf] lj:t[t nfut cg'dfg
ljj/0f
hDdf P=lj=a}+= ;/;kmfO 6«i6 km08 cf]k]s km08 g]kfn ;/sf/ vf=kf=p=;=÷
:yfgLo lgsfo nfut s/ hDdf o"=P;= 8n/
ldlnog
o"=P;= 8n/
ldlnog
Ü
o"=P;= 8n/
ldlnog
Ü
o"=P;= 8n/
ldlnog
Ü
o"=P;= 8n/
ldlnog
o"=P;= 8n/ ldlnog
o"=P;= 8n/
ldlnog
Ü
o"=P;= 8n/
ldlnog
Ü s cfwf/ nfut != lgdf{0f sfo{
vfg]kfgL lgdf{0f– P=lj=a}+ km08 %)=% #^=& ) ) ) ) %=^ %=$ !! @@ @=* ^
vfg]kfgL lgdf{0f – cf]k]s km08 @&=% ) ) ) ) @) @=& #=@ %=( @! !=^ ^
;/;kmfO lgdf{0f sfo{—6«i6 km08 !=% ) ) ! ^& ) ) )=! )=@ )=# @) )=@ !#
vfg]kfgL tyf 9n lgsf; ljefu ejg lgdf{0f @=# !=& ) ) ) ) )=# )=# )=^ @^ ) )
hDdf -!_ *!=* #*=$ $& ! ! @) @% *=& (=! !&=* @! $=^ %=& @= k/fdz{ tyf Ifdtf ljsf; k/fdz{ tyf Ifdtf ljsf; ( &=( ** ) ) ) ) ) !=! !=! !@ ) )
;]K6]h Joj:yfkg k/fdz{–;/;kmfO 6«i6 km08 )=@ ) ) )=@ !)) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
hDdf -@_ (=@ &=( )=@ ) ) !=! !=! ) #= k'gM d"Noj[l4 nfut #=# !=( %& ) ) ) ) )=& )=& !=$ $# ) ) $= ;jf/L ;fwg tyf cGo pks/0f )=& )=& !)) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) hDdf -!–$_ (%=) $*=( %! !=@ ! @)=) @! (=$ !)=( @)=# @! $=^ % v= sG6]Gh]G;L ef}lts sG6]Gh]G;L *=& &=@ *@ )=! ! )=) ) !=$ )=) !=$ !& )=) )
d"No sG6]Gh]G;L #=) @=# &% )=) ) )=) ) )=& )=) )=& @% )=) )
hDdf –v_ !!=& (=% )=! )=) @=! )=) @=! )=) ) u lgdf{0f r/0fsf] Aofh @=# !=^ ^( )=) ) )=) ) )=& )=) )=& #) )=) )=) s"n hDdf !)( ^)=) %% !=# ! @) !* !@=@ !)=( @#=! @! $=^ $
t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO If]qut cfof]hgf – cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog lgb]{lzsf -8_
&= cfof]hgfsf] nfut tyf vr{ a]xf]l/g] ;|f]t / vr{sf] lhDd]jf/L
&=! vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf lgdf{0ftkm{
o; cfof]hgfdf vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf lgdf{0fsf nflu :yfgLo vf=kf=p=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfon] s'n
lgdf{0f nfutsf] #)Ü /sd ;x–nufgL:j¿k a]xf]g{'kg]{ k|fjwfg /x]sf] 5 . pQm ;x–nufgLsf]
/sd s;/L ;~rfng ug]{ eGg]af/] lgb]{lzt tl/sf tflnsf–# df pNn]lvt ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf – #
vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf lgdf{0fdf pkef]Qmfx¿sf] ;x—nufgL
qm=;+= /sd a]xf]g]{ tl/sf s'n vr{sf] Ü s}lkmot
! clu|d gub hDdf ug]{ %Ü %Ü clgjfo{ clu|d /sd pkef]Stfaf6 hDdf
ug'{kg]{ .
@ Gfu/ ljsf; sf]ifdfkm{t
k|fKt ul/g] C0f /sd
@%Ü jflif{s %Ü Aofh;lxt % jif{ u|]; cjlw
-;x'lnot ;do_ ;d]t u/L s'n @% jif{leq
;fFjf Aofh r'Qmf ug'{kg]{ .
dfly tflnsf–# df pNn]lvt /sdsf] c+z vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfoaf6 #)Ü a]xf]g]{ u/L afFsL &)Ü g]kfn
;/sf/n] cg'bfg :j¿k a]xf]g]{5 . ;/sf/af6 a]xf]g]{] lx:;fsf] /sd tn tflnsf– $ df lbOPadf]lhd lgsf;f ug{]5 .
tflnsf – $
vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf lgdf{0fdf ;/sf/åf/f lgsf;f ul/g] tl/sf
qm=;= /sd a]xf]g]{ tl/sf k|ltzt s}lkmot
1= g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;|f]taf^ a]xf]l/g] /sd 27 g]kfn ;/sf/sf] cfkm\g} ;|f]taf^
lgsf;f ul/g]
2= P=lj=a}°af^ ;f]wegf{ k|fKt ug]{ u/L
cfof]hgfsf] ah]^df ;dfj]z u/L lgsf;f
ul/g]
73 ;f]wegf{ x'g] u/L lgsf;f lbOg]
/sd
&=@= ;/;kmfO tyf kmf]x/ Joj:yfkgtkm{
;fd'bflos ;/;kmfO ;'ljwfsf ;+/rgfx¿ h:t} M ;fd'bflos zf}rfno, ;}K6Ls 6}+ssf] kmf]x/ lgsf;sf]
nflu :nh 8«fOu a]8\;, 9n lgsf; k|0ffnL cflb lgdf{0fsf nflu vf=kf=p=;=;= / :yfgLo lgsfoaf6
lgdf{0fsf] s'n nfutsf] !%Ü a/fa/sf] /sd ;+o'Qm ¿kdf a]xf]g'{kg]{5 . t/ :yfgLo lgsfo /
vf=kf=p=;=;=aLrsf] ;xdltcg';f/ ;x–nufgLsf] c+z to x'g]5 / ;f] /sd cf=Jo=sf=n] tf]s]sf] vftfdf
clu|d hDdf ul/;Sg'kg]{5 . P=lj=a}Ísf] C0f ;|f]taf6 *%Ü /sd g]kfn ;/sf/af6 :jLs[t jflif{s
sfo{qmd / ah]6sf] kl/lwleq /xL lgsf;f ul/g]5 / o:tf /sdx¿ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ P=lj=a}Íaf6
;f]wegf{ lbOg]5 .
t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO If]qut cfof]hgf – cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog lgb]{lzsf -9_
k|lqmof lrq – !
vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf lgdf{0fsf nflu ;|f]tut /sd–k|jfx k|lqmof
3333
g]kfn ;/sf/
gu/ ljsf; sf]if C0f vftf
vf=kf=p=;=;+=÷ :yfgLo lgsfo
C0f nufgL C0f nufgL
Ü zf]wegf{ x'g]u/L lgsf;f -P=lj= a}+saf6_
27Ü
;/sf/L ;|f]taf^
lgsf;f x'g]
%Ü
lghL ;|f]tsf]
/sd
@%Ü gu/ ljsf; sf]ifsf] C0f
70%
g]kfn ;/sf/
30%
vf=kf=p=;=;+=÷
:yfgLo lgsfo
s'n lgdf{0f nfutsf] ztk|ltzt lgdf{0f vr{
t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO If]qut cfof]hgf – cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog lgb]{lzsf -10_
*= ;]jfz'Ns lgwf{/0f tyf Nffut c;'nL k|lqmof
t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO cfof]hgf ;fd'bflos dfudf ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t cfof]hgf
ePsfn] vf=kf=p=;=;=nfO{ k"0f{¿kn] ;dfj]z u/L cfof]hgfsf] ;a} r/0f M gu/ cfof]hgf 5gf]6,
of]hgf th'{df, sfof{Gjog, ;~rfng tyf ;Def/ h:tf] sfo{sf] lg0f{o ug]{ k|lqmofdf
cf=Jo=sf=÷If]=cf=Jo=sf= / vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfosf] ;+o'Qm lhDd]jf/L /xg] u/L cfof]hgf
l8hfOg ul/Psf] x'G5 . gu/ cfof]hgf lgdf{0f eO{ ;+rfngsf] ;dodf ul/g] ;Dk"0f{ lg0f{o k|lqmofdf
vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfosf] ;xeflutf /xg]5 .
vfg]kfgL If]qdf cfof]hgfsf] nfut c;'nLsf] l;4fGtnfO{ ckgfO{ o; r/0fdf @% jif{leq C0f r'Qmf
ug]{ u/L cfof]hgfsf] s'n nfutsf] @%Ü ;Dd C0fsf ¿kdf g=lj=sf]=af6 vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo
lgsfonfO{ pknJw x'g;Sg] k|fjwfg ul/Psf] 5 . ;x'lnot cjlw g=lj=sf]= / vf=kf=p=;=÷:yfgLo
lgsfo aLr C0f ;Def}tf ePsf] ldltaf6 u0fgf x'g]5 / ;x'lnot cjlwdf pkef]Stf ;+:yf÷:yfgLo
lgsfon] v'b lnPsf] C0f /sd dfqsf] lbg uGtL lx;fjn] Aofh u0fgf x'g]5 . ;x'lnot cjlwsf]
Aofh pkef]Stf ;+:yf÷:yfgLo lgsfon] ltg{ rfx]df k|To]s jif{sf] c;f/ d;fGtdf ltg{ ;Sg]5g\ t/
ltg{ afFsL /sd /x]df ;f] ;fFjfdf ;dfj]z x'g]5 . cfof]hgf lgdf{0fsf nflu C0f lnPsf] ldltb]lv
jflif{s %Ü Aofhdf -;x'lnot cjlw % jif{ ;lxt_ @% jif{leq r'Stf ul/;Sg'kg]{ k|fjwfg /x]sf] 5 .
cfof]hgfsf] s'n nfutsf] %Ü cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog x'g'eGbf k"j{ clu|d gub hDdf ug'{kg{] k|fjwfg
/x]sf] 5 . clu|d /sd ;Íng sd;]sd %Ü clgjfo{ ?kdf cfof]hgfaf6 nfeflGjt x'g] 3/w'/Laf6
p7fPsf] x'g'kg]{5 . o;/L hg;xeflutf afkt p7fPsf] /sdsf] gfd tfd]nL ;lxt C0f dfu ubf{
g=lj=sf]=df ljj/0f k7fpg' kg]{5 . o;/L ;ª\slnt /sd / C0f u/L pkef]Qmf ju{sf] #)Ü
;xnufgL / g]kfn ;/sf/af6 afFsL &)Ü cg'bfg:j¿k Joxf]l/]g]5 .
o;/L k|fKt ePsf] /sdn] cfof]hgf lgdf{0f eO{;s]kl5 ;]jf ;~rfng / ;Def/ ug{ ;]jf k|bfossf
¿kdf vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfon] nfut c;'nLsf] nflu d'Vo ;|f]tsf ¿kdf vfg]kfgLsf]
;]jf;'ljwf pkef]u u/]afkt -pTkfbg, k|zf]wg, k|;f/0f, ljt/0f / dd{t;Def/ / ;/;kmfO
;]jfk|0ffnLsf] ;a} ;+rfng_ g=lj=sf]=sf] C0f ltg{ kof{Kt /sd, yk ;]jf:t/ If]qlj:tf/ / cfsl:ds
dd{t;Def/, k|z;sLo vr{, sfof{no ;~rfng nufot rflxg] /sd h'6\g] u/L kfgL ;]jfz'Ns b/
lgwf{/0f ug]{5 . o;/L lgwf{/0f ePsf] ;]jfz'Ns b/cg';f/ lgoldt ¿kn] dfl;s ;]jfz'Ns ;ª\sng
ug'{kg{]5 . o;sf nflu pkef]Qmfx¿sf] ;]jfz'Ns ltg{ ;Sg] Ifdtf / tTk/tfnfO{ ljz]if Wofg
lbg'kg]{5 .
cfof]hgfsf] lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg eO{ vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfon] cfof]hgf lhDdf lnPkl5
cfk\mgf] dftxtdf Pp6f cfof]hgf ;~rfng tyf ;'kl/a]If0f OsfO u7g u/L cfof]hgf ;~rfngsf]
cleef/f jxg ug'{kg]{5 . o; OsfOn] pkef]Qmf ;+:yf÷:yfgLo lgsfosf] lhDdfdf cfPsf] gu/
cfof]hgfsf] ;~rfng tyf dd{t;Def/sf] cleef/f af]Sg] nufot kfgL ;]jfz'Ns ;Íng, kfgL
;]jfz'Ns lg/Gt/ ¿kdf p7]sf] 5–5}g, sd{rf/Lx¿sf] ;]jf ;t{, kfl/>lds tyf sfo{;Dkfbg
cg'udg tyf d"NofÍg ug]{, rfx]sf avtdf vf=kf=;=l8=sf=÷;a–l8=sf=sf] k|fljlws ;xof]u lng]
sfo{x¿ ug]{5 .
t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO If]qut cfof]hgf – cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog lgb]{lzsf -11_
(= sf]if k|fKt ug]{ k|lqmof / ljQLo ;DefJotf
cfof]hgfsf] Ol~hlgol/ª l8hfOgcg'¿ksf] lglb{i6 l8hfOg cjlwleq vfg]kfgL cfk"lt{ Aoj:yfsf] nfut
c;'nL (Cost Recovery) ug{ ;lsg] elg k|Tofe"t x'gsf nflu k|:tfljt cfof]hgfsf] ljQLo ;DefJotfaf/] olsg
ug{ o; cfof]hgfaf6 k|fKt x'g] ljQLo nfe / nfutsf] t'ngf ug'{kg]{5 . ;fy} k|:tfljt cfof]hgfsf] ;kmn
;~rfngaf6 3/kl/jf/x¿df vfg]kfgL ;Íngdf nfUg] ;dosf] art tyf vfg]kfgL / ;/;kmfOsf] ;]jf:t/
clej[l4af6 cfof]hgf If]qsf] cfly{s pTkfbsTjdf x'g] ;Defljt j[l4;d]tsf] cfwf/df o;sf] cWoog
ug'{kg]{5 . pk/f]Qm cWoog qmdzM cfjZos vfg]kfgLsf] kl/df0f tf]Sg], plrt dfusf] klxrfg,
vfg]kfgLsf] nflu lbuf] / ljjfb/lxt pko'Qm ;|f]trog, ;s];Dd sd nfut kg]{ j}slNks
Ol~hlgol/ª l8hfOgx¿sf] k|:t'lt tyf ;a} j}slNks l8hfOgx¿sf] lj:t[t 9fFrf tyf nfut
cg'dfg tof/ ul/g]5 . o;sf afah'b dfusf] lsl;dsf cfwf/df vfg]kfgL ;]jfz'Ns lgwf{/0f,
j}slNks l8hfOgx¿sf] nfut / nfenfO{ jt{dfg d"Nob/df d"NofÍg klg ul/g]5 . ;aeGbf sd
nfutdf a9L k|ltkmn kfOg] l8hfOgnfO{ ljQLo / cfly{s nfesf] cfwf/df :jLs[t ul/g]5 .
o; sfddf cf=Jo=sf=÷If]=cf=Jo=sf=af6 pknAw x'g] k|fljlws dfu{bz{g / dfkb08
(Norms/guidelines) leq /xL u'0f:t/ sfod ug'{kg]{5 .
(=! P=lj=a}Ísf] C0f ;xof]u /sdaf6 a]xf]l/g] u/L ljb]zaf6 cfoft ul/g] pks/0f jf ;af/L
;fwgsf] xsdf P=lj=a}Íaf6 ;Lw} e'QmfgL ug{ glbg] k|fjwfg /x]sf] 5 . ;]jf k|flKt, ;fdu|L
vl/b jf lgdf{0f sfo{sf] lanadf]lhdsf] vr{ cfof]hgf sfof{noaf6 e'QmfgL lbO;s]kl5
g]kfn ;/sf/ / P=lj=a}Ísf aLr ;DkGg d"n ;Demf}tfadf]lhd pQm C0faf6 a]xf]l/g] vr{
c+zhlt P=lj=a}Í;Fu dfu ug'{k5{ .
(=@ k|To]s gu/ cfof]hgfsf] nflu If]=cf=Jo=sf=n] k|To]s dlxgfsf] vr{sf] ;|f]tut kmfF6jf/L
;DalGwt sf]=n]=lg=sf=df k]; ug]{ / ToxfFaf6 /sdut ah]6 lgsf;f lnO{ ah]6 lgsf;fsf]
nflu ;DalGwt If]=cf=Jo=sf=af6 clVtof/L;lxt :jLs[t jflif{s sfo{qmd sf]=n]=lg= sf= df
k]; ug'{ kg]{5 .
(=# If]=cf=Jo=sf=n] ;|f]tut vr{sf] kmfF6jf/L / e'QmfgL ljj/0f / tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] lanekf{O ;lxt
k|To]s dlxgfdf cf=Jo=sf=df k7fpg'kg]{5 .
(=$ kmfF6jf/L k|fKt ePkl5 cf=Jo=sf=n] P=lj=a}Ísf] C0faf6 a]xf]l/g'kg]{ /sd hlt ODk|]:6 8n/
vftfaf61 vr{ n]vL g]kfn ;/sf/sf] s–&–!% vftfdf hDdf u/L To;sf] hfgsf/L
d=n]=lg=sf=nfO{ u/fOg]5 .
(=% cf=Jo=sf=af6 ;~rfng x'g] u/L cfof]hgfsf] gfddf g]kfn /fi6« a}Ídf ODk|]:6 vftf vf]lng]5 h'g
vftfdf P=lj=a}Ín] cd]l/sL 8n/ clu|d ?kdf hDdf ul/lbg]5 . o;af6 P=lj=a}Ísf] C0f /sdx¿
lgb]{lzt tl/sfaf6 vr{ n]lvg]5 . o; vftfsf] sf]ifk"lt{sf nflu cf=Jo=sf=n] P=lj=a}Ídf sf]if k"lt{sf]
nflu b/vf:t k]; ug'{kg]{5 .
(=^ cGo ;|f]t M – vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf lgdf{0fsf nflu ;+/rgf lgdf{0ftkm{ ;Demf}tfadf]lhd vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfon] nufgL ug'{kg]{ #)Ü dWo] cfkm\g} ;|f]taf6 a]xf]g'{kg]{ cfof]hgf
nfutsf] %Ü /sd ;|f]t vftf vf]nL bflvnf ug'{kg]{5 . ;f] gub /sd gu/ ljsf; sf]ifsf] /fo
;'emfjdf pkef]Stf ;+:yf÷:yfgLo lgsfonfO{ clwstd nfe x'g;Sg] / ;+slnt /sd ;'/lIft /xg
;Sg] cj:yfNffO{ ;d]t ljrf/ u/L s'g} …sÚ ju{sf] afl0fHo j}+sdf hDdf ug'{kg]{5 . afFsL @%Ü /sd
1ODk|]:6 8n/ vftf eGgfn] P=lj=a}°n] cf=Jo=sf=af6 vftf ;~rfng ug]{ u/L clu|d ?kdf /sd hDdf ul/lbg] g]kfn /fi6« a}°l:yt ODk|]:6 8n/ vftfnfO{ hgfpg]5 .
t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO If]qut cfof]hgf – cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog lgb]{lzsf -12_
lgdf{0f sfdsf] lan e'QmfgL ug]{ avt g=lj=sf]=af6 C0f k|fKt u/L e'QmfgL u/fOg]5 . o;/L
g=lj=sf]=af6 lnPsf] C0f a9Ldf @% jif{leq %Ü Aofh;lxt r'Qmf ug'{kg]{5 . o; lsl;dsf] C0f
k|jflxt u/fpg] p2]Zon] g]kfn ;/sf/n] k|To]s cf=j=df C0f nufgL zLif{scGtu{t g=lj=sf]=nfO{
C0f pknAw u/fpg] 5 / g=lj=sf]=n] o; C0f /sd jflif{s tf]lsPsf b/n] g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ Aofh
a'emfpg]5 / ;fFjf /sd @% jif{leq r'Qmf ug]{5 .
;Demf}tfadf]lhd :yf=lg= / vf=kf=p=;=;=n] ;fj{hlgs ;/;kmfO, :nh 8fOª a]8\;, 9n cflbsf] lgdf{0f nfutsf]
!%Ü /sd ;+o'Qm ¿kdf If]=cf=Jo=sf=÷gu/ cfof]hfgf sfof{no cGtu{tsf] cGo ;|f]t vftfdf hDdf u/fO{ ;f]xL
vftfaf6 e'QmfgL ul/g]5 .
tn lgb]{lzt tl/sfaf6 ;|f]tut sf]if k|fKt u/L cfof]hgfsf] vr{ e'QmfgL Joj:yf ug{] k|lqmofnfO{
yk :ki6 ug]{ p2]Zon] sf]if k|jfx lrq -lrq g+ @_ tn lbOPsf] 5 .
!)= cfof]hgfsf] kf/blz{tf / hjfkmb]lxtf
gu/ cfof]hgfsf] lqmofsnfk tyf sfof{Gjogdf /x]sf gu/ cfof]hgfx¿;DaGwL pko'Qm
;"rgf÷hfgsf/Ld"ns ;Gb]zx¿dfk{mt ;a{;fwf/0f pkef]Qmfx¿nfO{ ;';"lrt ug{ gu/ cfof]hgfsf]
l8hfOg, cg'dflgt nfut, pkef]Qmf ju{n] ug]{ ;xnufgLsf] c+z, lgdf{0f sfo{sf] k|ult, cfOk/]sf
r'gf}tL Jojwfg, wf/f h8fg nfut / h8fg z'Ns, k|ltkmndf cfwfl/t cg'bfg sfo{qmdcGtu{t
pknAw x'g] cg'bfg /sd, lsl;d, nlIft ju{ tyf sfo{k|lqmof, cfof]hgfsf] ljQLo cj:yf,
jftfj/0fLo k|efj cWoog, hUufhldg pknAwtf cflb lqmofsnfk ;fy} cfof]hgfsf] cGo kIfx¿sf]
;"rgf k|jfx ug{ ;fd'bflos cGtlqm{of, uf]i7L tyf Vff=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfon] pkef]Qmfju{sf]
pko'Qm cj;/x¿ h:t} cfde]nf, Vff=kf=p=;=;=sf] ;fwf/0f;ef, a'n]l6g af]8{ jf cGo pko'Qm
dfWodx¿dfkm{t ;';"lrt u/fOg]5 .
If]=cf=Jo=sf=n] cfof]hgf ;DaGwL ;"rgf÷;Gb]zx¿ lgoldt ¿kn] 5fkf, ljB'tLo tyf e]63f6,
;Djfb tyf jftf{x¿sf dfWodaf6 pkef]Qmfju{ / cfd gful/sx¿nfO{ ;';"lrt x'g] cj;/ k|bfg
ug{ plrt ;dodf ;"rgf k|jfx ub}{ hfg]5 . ;fy} pkef]Qmf ju{af6 k|fKt x'g] plrt dfu, ;'emfj
tyf u'gf;f]x¿nfO{ oyf;Dej :ynut ¿kdf ;ª\sng tyf ;Daf]wg ul/g]5 .
t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO If]qut cfof]hgf – cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog lgb]{lzsf -13_
k|lqmof lrq – @
sf]if k|jfx lrq P=lj=a}+s
cf]k]s km08
;/;kmfO km08
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] s]lGb|o vftf
sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGq0f sfof{no
cy{ dGqfno
sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGq0f sfof{no
;DalGwt If]q cGtu{t lhNnf sf]if tyf
n]vf lgoGq0f sfof{no
cf=Jo=sf=÷
vf=kf=lj=
g=lj=sf] If]=cf=Jo=sf=
lgdf{0f Joj;foL÷
;Knfo/nfO{ e'StfgL
ODk|]:6 vftf
vf=kf=p=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfo
k/fdz{ bftf÷ lgdf{0f Joj;foL÷
;Knfo;{nfO{ 8n/df e'StfgL lgdf{0f Joj;foLnfO{ e'StfgL
zf]wegf{
sf]if afF8
kmfF8
k/fdz{bftf tyf lgdf{0f
Joj;foLnfO{ k|ToIf e'StfgL
sf]if lgsf;f
#)Ü -@%Ü C0f, %Ü
pkef]Stfsf] nufgL_
&)Ü cg'bfg e'StfgL
sf]if k|jfx k|ltj]bg
b|i6JoM cf=Jo=sf= Ö cfof]hgf Joj:yfkg sfof{no,
If]=cf=Jo=sf=Ö If]qLo cfof]hgf Joj:yfkg sfof{no
g=lj=sf] Ö gu/ ljsf; sf]if,
vf=kf=lj= Ö vfg]kfgL tyf 9n lgsf; ljefu
vf=kf=p=;= Ö vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO pkef]Stf ;+:yf
t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO If]qut cfof]hgf – cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog lgb]{lzsf -14_
!!= cfof]hgfdf ;+nUg ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox¿sf] lhDd]jf/L / e"ldsf
o; t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO cfof]hgfdf k|ToIf ¿kn] ;Dj4 lgsfo tyf
;/f]sf/jfnfx¿ o; k|sf/sf 5g\ M
!= zx/L ljsf; dGqfno÷cfof]hgf ;dGjo ;ldlt @= vfg]kfgL tyf 9n lgsf; ljefu
#= cfof]hgf Joj:yfkg sfof{no $= If]qLo cfof]hgf Joj:yfkg sfof{no
%= vf=kf=;= l8=sf=÷;a–l8=sf= ^= gu/ ljsf; sf]if
&= l8hfOg ;'kl/j]If0f tyf Joj:yfkg k/fdz{bftf *= vf=kf=p=;=÷vf=kf=p=;=;=
(= :yfgLo lgsfo !)= :yfgLo txsf WASH ;dGjo ;ldlt
!!= /fli6«o vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO k|lzIf0f s]Gb !@= lgdf{0f Joj;foL
!#= PlzofnL ljsf; a}+s
pk/f]Qm lgsfox¿af6 lgjf{x ug'{kg]{ lhDd]jf/L tyf e"ldsf lgDgfg';f/ /x]sf 5g\ .
!!=! zx/L ljsf; dGqfno (Ministry of Urban Development)
o; dGqfnon] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO cfof]hgfsf] ;~rfngsf] nflu sfo{sf/L
lgsfosf] e"ldsf lgjf{x ug]{5 . t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO cfof]hgf tyf gu/
cfof]hgfx¿nfO{ ultzLntf k|bfg ug{, cfOkg]{ ult/f]w cGTo ug{, k|ult ;dLIff ug{ tyf
cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg, cfjZos lgb]{zg tyf lgoGq0f sfo{df dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf lgjf{x ug]{5 .
;fy} cfof]hgf ;+j4 ;/f]sf/jfnf ;/sf/L, cw{;/sf/L, u}/;/sf/L tyf pkef]Qmfx¿sf]
k|ltlglwd"ns ;+:yfx¿l;t ;dGjo /fvL cfof]hgf Joj:yfkg tyf sfof{Gjog ug]{ u/fpg] 5 .
o;sf ;fy} cGo sfo{x? lgDgfg';f/ 5g\ .
cfof]hgfsf nflu cfjZos dfu{bz{gsf ;fy} gLltut txdf ;xof]u ug]{ .
cfof]hgf cGtu{t ;DkGg ul/Psf sfo{x?sf] cg'udgsf ;fy} k'g/fjnf]sg u/L gLltut s'/fx?df 5nkmn ug]{ .
s]Gb|Lo :t/sf lgsfox?;Fu ;dGjo u/L cfof]hgfdf cfOkg]{ ult/f]w cGTo ug]{ .
s]Gb|Lo txdf ;dGjo ;ldlt M
s]Gb|Lo txdf /x]sf] ;dGjo ;ldltdf lgDgfg';f/ ;b:ox¿ /xg] Joj:yf 5 M
;lrj, zx/L ljsf; dGqfno cWoIf
;x;lrj, zx/L ljsf; dGqfno ;b:o
dxflgb]{zs, vfg]kfgL tyf 9n lgsf; ljefu ;b:o
sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs, gu/ ljsf; sf]if ;b:o
jl/i7 k|ltlglwx¿, cy{ dGqfno ;b:o
jl/i7 k|ltlglwx¿, :yflgo ljsf; dGqfno ;b:o
jl/i7 k|ltlglwx¿, :jf:Yo tyf hg;+Vof dGqfno ;b:o
jl/i7 k|ltlglwx¿, Gofo tyf sfg"g dGqfno ;b:o
jl/i7 k|ltlglwx¿, /fli6o of]hgf cfof]u ;b:o
cfof]hgf lgb]{zs, cfof]hgf Joj:yfkg sfof{no ;b:o ;lrj
t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO If]qut cfof]hgf – cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog lgb]{lzsf -15_
!!=@ vfg]kfgL tyf 9n lgsf; ljefu (Department of Water Supply and Sewerage)
cfof]hgf sfof{Gjogsf r/)fdf k|To]s gu/df sfof{Gjogdf /x]sf gu/ cfof]hgfnfO{ cfjZos
k|fljlws ;xof]u tyf ;'kl/j]If0f ug]{ lgsfosf] ¿kdf vfg]kfgL tyf 9n lgsf; ljefusf] e"ldsf
lgDg k|sf/sf] x'g]5 M
cfof]hgf Joj:yfk sfof{nosf] :yfkgf tyf ;zlQms/0f ug]{ .
;+:yfut ;anLs/0f ;xfotf tyf ;'emfj OsfO (ISSAU) tyf If]qLo cfof]hgf Joj:yfkg sfof{nox?sf] :yfkgf ug]{ .
gofF tyf k'/fgf ;fgf ;x/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO cfof]hgfx?df eljiodf cfOkg]{ k|fljlws ;d:of ;dfwfg tyf Joj:yfkg ug{sf nflu ljefudf ;+:yfut Ifdtf clej[l4 OsfO u7g
u/L cfjZos ;|f]t ;fwg;lxt sd{rf/L Joj:yf ug]{ .
cfof]hgf sfof{Gjogsf nflu cf=Jo=sf=, ;+:yfut ;anLs/0f ;xfotf tyf ;'emfj OsfO, If]=cf=Jo=sf=nfO{ cfjZos kg]{ sd{rf/Lx¿sf] Joj:yf ldnfpg] .
;~rfngdf /x]sf gu/ cfof]hgfx¿sf] k|ult ;dLIff / :ynut lg/LIf0f / cg'udg u/L cfjZos lgb]{zg lbg] .
cf=Jo=sf=÷If]=cf=Jo=sf=÷gu/ cfof]hgf sfof{no cGtu{tsf lqmofsnfkx¿sf] ;dGjo / cg'udg ug]{ .
s]Gb|Lo :t/sf] cfof]hgf ;dGjo ;ldltsf] a}7s ;~rfng tyf ;xefuL eO{ ;dGjo ;ldltdf k|ltlglwTj ug]{ dGqfno, lgsfo tyf sfof{nox¿;lxt cGo lgsfo /
pkef]Qmfju{sf aLrdf ;dGjosf/L e"ldsf lgjf{x ug]{ .
cfof]hgf Joj:yfkg sfo{fnosf nflu ah]6sf] Joj:yf ug]{ .
gu/ cfof]hgf ;DkGg eP kZrft cfof]hgfsf] lbuf] Joj:yfkgsf] nflu pkef]Qmf ;+:yf÷:yfgLo lgsfo ;+u cfof]hgf Joj:yfkg ;Demf}tf (Project Management Agreement)
;DkGg ug]{ .
pkef]Stf ;ldltx?sf] lg/Gt/tfsf nflu cfjZos kg]{ k|fljlws, cfly{s tyf ;+:yfut ;xof]u k|bfg ug]{ .
!!=# cfof]hgf Joj:yfkg sfof{no (Project Management Office)
cfof]hgf ;+rfngsf nflu s]Gb|df Pp6f k|d'v lgsfosf ¿kdf cf=Jo=sf=sf] :yfkgf ul/Psf] 5 .
o; sfof{nosf] Joj:yfkg / k|fljlws kIfdf ;xof]u ug{ k/fdz{bftfsf] ¿kdf Pp6f 6f]nL
sfo{/t /xg] 5 . cf=Jo=sf=n] d'Votof lgDg sfo{x¿ ug]{5 .
cfof]hgf Joj:yfkg, sfof{Gjog tyf cg'udgsf] k"0f{ lhDd]jf/L lng] .
cfof]hgf sfof{Gjogsf l;nl;nfdf PlzofnL ljsf; a}+s nufot ;DalGwt lgsfo / ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿sf aLrdf ;dGjosf/L e"ldsf lgjf{x ug]{ .
PlzofnL ljsf; a}+s;Fu ;dGjo / ;Dks{ u/L ;dodf g} cfjZos k|ltj]bgx? k]z ug]{ .
;fgf zx/x¿sf] 5gf]6 u/L gu/ cfof]hgf ;~rfng ug]{ .
t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO If]qut cfof]hgf – cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog lgb]{lzsf -16_
cfof]hgf Joj:yfkg k/fdz{bftf, ;+:yfut ;anLs/0f tyf ;'emfj OsfO k/fdz{bftf tyf If]=cf=Jo=sf=df k/fdz{bftf lgo'lQm ug{'sf ;fy} pks/0f tyf ;jf/L ;fwgsf] Joj:yf ug]{ .
l8hfOg ;'kl/j]If0f tyf Joj:yfkg k/fdz{bftf -l8=;'=Jo=k=_sf] lgo'lQm / lghsf] sfo{ d"NofÍg ug]{ .
l8=;'=Jo=k=af6 tof/ eO{ k|fKt x'g cfPsf] ;DefJotf cWoog k|ltj]bgsf] ;dLIff ug]{ / 5'6]sf a'Fbfx¿nfO{ ;dfj]z ug{ ;DalGwt k/fdz{bftfnfO{ kqfrf/ ug]{] .
cfof]hgf ;DaGwL ;a} b:tfj]h nufot af]nkq b:tfj]hx?df PsLs[t ?kdf jftfj/0fLo tyf ;fdflhs ;'/If0f, hUuf pknAwtf tyf n}lËs Joj:yf ;DaGwdf k|fjwfg eP gePsf]
;'lglZrt ug]{ .
vl/b of]hgf cBfjlws ug'{sf ;fy} vl/b k|lqmofsf] cg'udg ug]{ .
If]qLo cfof]hgf Joj:yfkg sfof{no cGtut{ sfof{Gjog ePsf gu/ cfof]hgfx?sf] cg'udgsf nflu dfu{bz{g tyf ;xof]u ug]{ .
PlzofnL ljsf; a}+saf6 /sd zf]wegf{sf nflu cfjZos k|lqmof k"/f ug]{ .
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] sf]if tyf PlzofnL ljsf; a}+ssf] C0fsf nflu k|f]h]S6 vftfsf] Joj:yf ug]{ .
cfof]hgf;Fu ;DalGwt cfly{s lqmofsnfk tyf ljj/0fsf] cg'udg ug]{ .
cfof]hgf;Fu ;DalGwt cfly{s ljj/0fx? ;dod} ;DalGwt lgsfodf k]z ug]{ .
cf=Jo=sf=df k|fKt ePsf] lj:t[t OlGhlgol/ª l8hfOg k|ltj]bgsf] ;dLIff u/L 5'6]sf aF'bfx¿nfO{ ;d]6\g l8=;'=Jo=k= nfO{ kq n]Vg] . k|ltj]bgsf] ;dLIff g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k|rlnt
l8hfOg dfkb08cg';f/ x'g'kg]{5 . k|ltj]bgdf PseGbf a9L k|fljlws ljsNk ePdf ;d'bfon]
s'g ljsNk 5gf]6 u/]sf], 5gf]6 ul/Psf] ljsNkadf]lhd pkef]Qmfx¿df ltg{ ;Sg] Ifdtf /
rfxgf 5, 5}g eGg] a]xf]/f k|ltj]bgdf pNn]v x'g'kg]{5 . o;sf ;fy} vfg]kfgLsf] u'0f:t/,
gu/ cfof]hgfsf] nfut / ;]jfsf] :t/ sfod ug{ cfjZos ePdf l8hfOg k|ltj]bgdf
km]/abn;d]t ug'{kg]{5 .
cfof]hgf Joj:yfkg sfof{nodf k]z ePsf ;DefJotf cWoog, lj:t[t l8hfOg k|ltj]bg tyf af]nkq cfx\jfg, b:tfj]hx?nfO{ clGtd :j?k lbg] .
lgdf{0fsfo{sf nflu lgdf{0f Joj;foLsf] 5gf]6 ug]{ .
;+/rgf lgdf{0f sfo{sf] cg'udg tyf ;'kl/j]If0f ug]{, cfof]hgf ;~rfng / ;Def/df ;xof]u ug]{ ;fy} cfof]hgfaf6 pkef]Qmfju{nfO{ jftfj/0fLo tyf ;fdflhs ¿kdf s'g} xflggf]S;fgL
gk'uf];\ eGg] ;DaGwdf ;'/IffTds (Safeguard) k|lqmofx¿ clu|d cjnDag ug]{ .
cfof]hgfsf af/]df hfgsf/L u/fpg ;"rgf ;fdu|L, lgb]{lzsf, Dofg'cn, a|f]l;P/, a'n]l6g cflb ;fdu|Lx¿ tof/ ug]{ / o;sf] ljt/0fsf] Joj:yf ldnfpg] .
cfjZostfcg';f/ uf]i7L, tflnd / kl/rofTds sfo{qmdx¿ ;~rfng ug]{ .
vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfo kbflwsf/Lx¿ / sd{rf/Lx¿sf] Ifdtf clej[l4sf nflu /fi6«Lo vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO k|lzIf0f s]Gb| (NWSSTC) / g=lj=sf]=;Fusf] cfk;L ;xof]u tyf
;dGjodf k|fljlws, n]vf Joj:yfkgnufot cGo cfjZos tflndx¿ ;~rfng ug]{ M
t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO If]qut cfof]hgf – cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog lgb]{lzsf -17_
!!=$ If]lqo cfof]hgf Joj:yfkg sfof{no (Regional Project Management Office)
cfof]hgf Joj:yfkg sfof{no cGtu{t If]qLo :t/df /x]sf If]=cf=Jo=sf= sf] ;+u7g tflnsf o;}
lgb]{lzsfsf] ;+u7g tflnsf g+ ̂ adf]lhd /x]sf] 5 . o; sfof{non] d'Votof lgDg sfo{x? ug]{ 5 .
cfkgf] sfo{ If]qleq kg]{ gu/ cfof]hgfx?sf] Joj:yfkg tyf sfof{Gjog ug]{ .
cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ sfo{x?sf nflu :yfgLo lgsfo, vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO l8lehg sfof{no, gu/ ljsf; sf]if tyf vf=kf=p=;=;=;Fu ;dGjo ;'lglZrt ug]{ .
l8hfOg ;'kl/j]If0f tyf Joj:yfkg k/fdz{bftfsf] cg'udg tyf ;'kl/j]If0f ug]{ .
x/]s gu cfof]hgfx?df k'gjf{; of]hgf, n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zL of]hgf / jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0fsf] sfof{Gjog tyf cg'udg u/L ;a} gu/ cfof]hgfsf] a]Unfa]Un} PsLs[t
k|ltj]bg tof/ ug]{ .
cfof]hgfsf] sfo{If]qleq kg]{ ;DkGg lqmofsnfkx?sf] e'StfgL ug]{ tyf ;fj{hlgs k/LIf0f (Public Audit) u/fpg] .
k"j{;DefJotf cWoog, ;fdflhs cfly{s ;a]{If0f ug]{ tyf lgdf{0fsfo{df cf=Jo=sf=nfO{ ;xof]u ug]{ .
ljkGg ju{sf nflu nlIft k|ltkmndf cfwfl/t cg'bfg (OBA) sfo{qmdsf] sfof{Gjog tyf cg'udg ug]{–u/fpg] . rkL{ lgdf{0f tyf wf/f h8fgsf nflu k|ltkmndf cfwfl/t cg'bfg
kfpg] 3/w'/L 5gf]6, cg'bfg lat/0f tyf o;;DalGw lqmofsnfksf] cg'udg tyf ;'kl/j]If0f
ug]{ .
cfof]hgfsf] n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zL sfo{of]hgfsf] sfof{Gjog ug{ l8hfOg ;'kl/j]If0f tyf Joj:yfkg k/fdz{bft[ ;+:yfnfO{ ;xof]u, cg'udg tyf k|ult ;dLIff ug]{–
u/fpg] .
lgdf{0f;fdu|Lsf] u'0f:t/df Wofg lbg], cfof]hgfcGtu{t lgld{t ;+/rgfx¿sf] u'0f:t/df lgu/fgL k'¥ofpg] tyf lgwf{l/t ;docg';f/ sfdsf] k|ult ;dLIff tyf d"Nof+sg ug{] .
gu/ cfof]hgf ;DkGg ePkl5 To;sf] ;~rfng / ;Def/sfo{df vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfonfO{ k|fljlws tflnd÷;xof]u ug]{–u/fpg] .
;+/rgfut lgdf{0fsf] cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg ug]{ .
cfof]hgfsf] cfo Joosf] lx;fa /fVg] sfddf vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfonfO ;xof]u / ;dGjo ug{] .
hgr]tgf clej[l4 cleofg sfo{qmddf lgdf0f{ k/fdz{bfqL ;+:yf / cf=Jo=sf=nfO{ ;dGjo / ;xof]u ug]{.
cfof]hgfsf ls|ofsnfkx¿df n}=;=;f=;= cfwf/df pkef]Qmfx¿nfO{ clwstd kl/rfng / ;xefuL u/fpg k|of;/t /xg] .
cfof]hgfsf] ;dGjostf{÷;Dks{ lgsfo -focal point) sf ¿kdf ;xhstf{sf] e"ldsf lgjf{x ug]{ .
kfgL ;]jfz'Ns lgwf{/0f, ;~rfng tyf ;Def/ vr{sf] cfjZos Joj:yfkg tyf g=lj=sf]=nfO{ ltg'{ kg]{ C0f /sdsf] -;fFjf÷Aofh÷xh{fgf_ ;DaGwdf vf=kf=;=p=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfonfO{
cfjZos /fo ;'emfj / ;xof]u ug]{ . :yfgLo lgsfo, vf=kf=p=;= / g=lj=sf]=sf aLrdf ;dGjo / ;';DaGw sfod ug]{ .
cfof]hgfsf nflu lgo'Qm l8=;'=Jo=k=nfO{ cfjZos ;xof]u pknAw ug]{–u/fpg] .
lgdf{0f;fdu|L cfk"lt{stf{ tyf lg=Jo= sf] sfo{;Dkfbg cg'udg ug]{ tyf lghnfO{ lgodfg';f/ e'QmfgL lbg cfjZos Joj:yf jf l;kmfl/; ug]{ .
k|fljlws / cfly{s kIfdf cfjZos ;xof]u pknAw ug]{ u/fpg] .
t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO If]qut cfof]hgf – cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog lgb]{lzsf -18_
cf=Jo=sf=sf] lgb]{zg÷;'emfjdf gu/ cfof]hgfsf] sfof{Gjog÷Joj:yfkg÷;'kl/j]If0f ug]{ .
k|To]s gu/ cfof]hgf If]qdf If]qLo cfof]hgf Joj:yfkg sfof{nosf] tkm{af6 cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog d"n ;d"x (Project Implementation Core Group) sf] ?kdf OlGhlgo/ ! hgf,
;fdflhs kl/rflnsf ! hgf tyf sfof{no ;xof]uL ! hgf sfo{/t /xg] .
;DkGg gu/ cfof]hgfx?sf] cfof]hgf ;DkGg k|ltj]bg tof/ ug]{ .
!!=% vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO l8lehg÷;j—l8lehg sfof{no(Water Supply and Sanitation Division /Sub-Division Office)
vfg]kfgL tyf 9n lgsf; ljefu cGtu{t lhNnfdf /x]sf vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO l8lehg÷;j—
l8lehg sfof{nox?n] ug'{ kg]{ sfo{x? lgDg cg';f/ 5g .
:yfgLo lgsfox¿af^ cfof]hgfsf nflu cfPsf dfu÷lgj]bgx¿ ;ª\sng u/L k&fpg]
sfddf ;xof]u ug]{ . lhNnfleqsf gu/kflnsf / uf=lj=;=x¿nfO{ cfof]hgfaf/] hfgsf/L
lbg] / cfj]bgkq pknAw u/fpg] .
vf=kf=p=;=, :yfgLo lgsfo÷;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfo÷;+3;+:yfx¿sfaLr ;dGjosf nflu V-WASH-CC / M-WASH-CC sf] a}7s ;+rfngsf] nflu ;dGjog ug]{ .
!!=^ l8hfOg ;'kl/j]If0f tyf Joj:yfkg k/fdz{bftf (Design Supervision and Management Consultants – DSMC)
gu/ cfof]hgfsf] l8hfOg tyf ;'kl/j]If0f sfo{sf nflu cf=Jo=sf=÷If]=cf=Jo=sf= af6 lgo'Qm eO{
cfpg] l8=;'=Jo=k= n] lgDg sfo{ ug]{5 M
;d'bfo tyf vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfo ;Fu 5nkmn tyf cfof]hgfIf]q e|d0f tyf cWoog u/L gu/ cfof]hgfsf] If]q lgwf{/0f u/L ;DefJotf cWoog k|ltj]bg tof/ ug]{ .
lgwf{l/t dfkb08cg'¿k gu/ cfof]hgfsf] ;DefAotf cWoog u/L lj:t[t O{lGhgLol/ª l8hfOg k|ltj]bg tof/ ug]{ . o;/L tof/ ubf{ ePsf ljsNkx¿;d]t k|:t't ug]{ / ;d'bfoaf6
h'g cg'df]bg ePsf] 5 To;}nfO{ clGtd k|ltj]bgsf ¿kdf ;fd]n ug]{ .
gu/ cfof]hgf If]qsf] ;fdflhs, cfly{s k|ltj]bg tof/ ug'{sf ;fy} n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zL sfo{of]hgf tof/ kfg]{ .
ljkGg ju{sf nflu nlIft k|ltkmndf cfwfl/t cg'bfg (OBA) sfo{qmdcGt{ut rkL{ lgdf{0f tyf wf/fh8fgsf nflu k|ltkmndf cfwfl/t cg'bfg kfpg] 3/w'/L 5gf]6, cg'bfg ljt/0f tyf
o; ;DalGw lqmofsnfksf] sfof{Gjog u/fpg ;xof]u ug]{ tyf cg'udg tyf ;'kl/j]If0f
ug]{ .
;+/rgf lgdf{0fsfo{sf] ;'kl/j]If0f tyf u'0f:t/ lgoGq0f ug]{ .
lgwf{l/t ;doleq cfof]hgfsf] lgdf{0fsfo{ ;DkGg u/fpg] .
cf=Jo=sf=÷If]=cf=Jo=sf= nfO{ cfof]hgf ;DkGg ePsf] k|ltj]bg k]; ug]{ .
!!=& gu/ ljsf; sf]if (Town Development Fund)
gu/x¿sf] ljsf; sfo{df ;Da4 lgsfox¿nfO{ ljQLo, k|fljlws tyf ;+:yfut ;xof]u ug]{
;/sf/L :jfldTj /x]sf] :jzfl;t ;+:yfsf ¿kdf gu/ ljsf; sf]if P]g @)%# adf]lhd :yflkt
gu/ ljsf; sf]if -g=lj=sf]=_n] ljlwjt btf{ ePsf vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfonfO{ ;fgf zx/L
vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO cfof]hgf lgdf{0f u/L vfg]kfgL cfk"lt{ Joj:yf ug{
t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO If]qut cfof]hgf – cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog lgb]{lzsf -19_
vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfon] ug]{ ;xnufgLsf] cg'kftdf C0f pknAw u/fpg]5 . gu/
cfof]hgfsf] ljQLo cfly{s lbuf]kgfnfO{ b[li6ut u/L g=lj=sf]=sf] lhDd]jf/L lgDg k|sf/ 5g\ .
cf=Jo=sf=÷If]=cf=Jo=sf= tyf l8=;'=Jo=k=sf] ;dGjodf gu/ cfof]hgfsf] nfut tyf vf=kf=p=;=;= sf] C0f ltg{ ;Sg] Ifdtfsf] cWoog u/L jflif{s %Ü Aofhdf s'n nfutsf]
@%Ü ;Dd C0f k|jfx ug]{ .
sf]ifåf/f ul/Psf] cfof]hgf d"Nofª\sg k|ltj]bg (Project Appraisal Report) cg'¿k g=lj=sf]if P]g, @)%# sf] Joj:yf Pj+ sf]ifsf] C0f nufgL gLltcg'¿k cfjZos C0f :jLs[lt ug]{ tyf
;DalGwt :yfgLo lgsfosf] hdfgt lnO{ ;DalGwt pkef]Qmf ;+:yf÷:yfgLo lgsfo ;Fu
cfjZos C0f ;Demf}tf ug]{ .
sf]ifåf/f ul/g] æcfof]hgf d'Nofª\sg k|ltj]bg (Projet Appraisal Document)Æ cg'¿k sf]if Pj+ ;DalGwt pkef]Qmf ;+:yf÷:yfgLo lgsfosf aLr ul/g] C0ff ;Demf}tfsf k|fjwfgcg'¿k
hf]lvd Joj:yfkg, sfg'gL Joj:yf, ;+:yfut Joj:yfnufotsf kIfx¿sf] pNn]lvt
;dofjlwleq ;DalGwt kIfx¿åf/f sfof{Gjog eP gePsf] ;DaGwdf cg'udg u/L cfjZos
/fo;'emfj pknAw u/fpg] .
cfof]hgfsf] lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg ePkZrft\ cfof]hgf Joj:yfkg sfof{no÷If]=cf=Jo=sf= åf/f pknAw u/fOPsf] æcfof]hgf ;DkGg k|ltj]bg (Project Completion Report) cg'¿k x'g cfpg]
clGtd lansf cfwf/df ævfg]kfgL pkef]Qmf ;+:yf÷:yfgLo lgsfoÆ nfO{ æC0f r'Qmf tflnsf
(Loan Repayment Schedule)" pknAw u/fpg] .
pkef]Qmf ;+:yf÷:yfgLo lgsfo åf/f cfof]hgf ;~rfngsf] ;Dk"0f{ lhDd]jf/L lnPkZrft\ ;od;dodf ;DalGwt cfof]hgf ;~rfng cj:yf Pj+ pkef]Qmf ;+:yf÷:yfgLo lgsfosf]
Joj:yfkg cflb kIfsf ;DaGwdf cg'udg u/L pkef]Qmf ;+:yfn] nufpg'kg]{ æ;]jfz'Ns b/Æ
tyf cjnDag ug'{kg]{ cGo ;Defljt hf]lvd Joj:yfkg cflb kIfx¿df ;DalGwt pkef]Qmf
;+:yf÷ :yfgLo lgsfo Pj+ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ cfjZos /fo;'emfj pknAw u/fpg] .
vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfo nfO{ lbPsf] C0f -% jif{ ;x'lnot cjlw;lxt_ @% jif{leq jflif{s %Ü b/;lxt c;'npk/ ug]{ .
vfg]kfgL k|0ffnLsf] ;~rfng tyf ;Def/ vr{ wfGg], If]q tyf ;]jf lj:tf/;d]tnfO{ Wofg lbO{ kfgL ;]jfz'Ns b/ lgwf{/0fsf nflu l;kmfl/; tyf ;]jfz'Ns ;Íngsf] cg'udg ug]{ .
vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfosf kbflwsf/L÷sd{rf/LnfO{ ;]jfz'Ns lgwf{/0f, n]vfk|0ffnL (Book keeping) tyf n]vf / ljQLo Joj:Yffkg;DaGwL tflnd pknAw u/fpg] .
l8=;'=Jo=k= tyf cf=Jo=sf=÷If]=cf=Jo=sf= ;Fu ;dGjo u/L gu/ cfof]hgfsf] nfut cg'dfg tyf pkef]Qmfsf] nfut c;'nL IfdtfnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL ;DefJotf cWoog k|ltj]bgsf]
k'g/fjnf]sg u/L l6Kk0fL tyf lj:t[t k|fljlws k|ltj]bg (Detailed Design Report - DDR) sf]
cfly{s kIfsf] d"NofÍg (Appraise) ug]{ .
cfof]hgf lbuf] x'g] u/L dd{t tyf ;Def/ vr{, ;~rfng vr{, k|zf;lgs tyf sd{rf/Lsf] kfl/>lds tyf nfutcg';f/sf] nfut c;'nL (Cost Recovery) cfof]hgfsf] clGtd jif{df
cfof]hgfsf] nfutsf] sDtLdf s]xL c+z ;l~rt x'g] u/L vfg]kfgL ;]jfz'Ns lgwf{/0f ug{
vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfonfO{ ;'emfj lbg] .
;]jfz'Ns ;Íng ug]{ / pko'Qm lsl;dn] n]vf /fVg vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfosf kbflwsf/L÷sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ cfjZos tflnd lbg] Joj:yf ldnfpg] .
t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO If]qut cfof]hgf – cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog lgb]{lzsf -20_
cf=Jo=sf=÷If]=cf=Jo=sf=, vf=kf=;=l8=sf=÷;a–l8=sf=, vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfo :yf=lg=x¿;Fu cfjZos ;dGjo tyf lgdf{0f sfo{sf] ;dLIff ug{]5 . l8=;'=Jo=k=af6 k]; u/]sf]
l8hfOg k|ltj]bgpk/ vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfon] ;xdtL hgfO;s]kl5 lgdf{0fk|lqmofsf]
yfngL x'g]5 . lgdf{0fsf] k|lqmof cufl8 a9fpg cf=Jo=sf=÷If]=cf=Jo=sf=, g=lj=sf]=,
vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfo aLr gu/ cfof]hgf lqkIfLo ljQLo ;Demf}tf (Financing
Agreement) ul/g] 5 . o;df cfof]hgfdf ;+nUg ;a} ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿sf] ;xdlt / :jLs[ltdf
gu/ cfof]hgf :yndf rf/ kIfLo ;Demf}tf ;DkGg ul/g]5 . ;Demf}tfkqdf ;DalGwt kIfsf]
k|ltlglwx¿n] x:tfIf/ gu/];Dd gu/ cfof]hgfx¿sf] lgdf{0fsfo{ ;'? ul/g] 5}g .
;Demf}tfkqdf pNn]v ePsf a'Fbf jf bkmf s'g} kIfaf6 ;+zf]wg ug'{kg]{ ePdf ;+zf]wg;lxt
kl/dfh{g ug{ ;lsg]5 . t/ g]kfn ;/sf/ / PlzofnL ljsf; a}+s aLr ePsf] d'n
;Demf}tfkqdf pNn]v ePsf cfwf/e"t a'Fbfx¿sf] efjgfljk/Lt ;+zf]wg ul/g] 5}g . gu/
cfof]hgfsf] s'n nfutsf] cg'kftdf pkef]Qmfn] Joxf]]g]{ c+z :ki6 pNn]v x'g'kg]{5 .
vfgf]kfgL pkef]Qmf tyf ;/;kmfO ;+:yfsf] ;fwf/0f;ef, a[xt\ dd{t÷;Def/ tyf If]qlj:tf/, ;]jfz'Ns lgwf{/0f Pj+ k'glg{df{0f ubf{sf] cj:yfdf k|ltlglwTj ug]{ tyf o; ;Demf}tfcg'¿k
;DalGwt pkef]Qmf ;+:yf÷:yfgLo lgsfon] cjnDag ug'{kg]{ zt{x¿ kfngf u/]÷gu/]sf]
;DaGwdf ;DalGwt lgsfo Pj+ ;+:yfx¿nfO{ cfjZos /fo;'emfj pknAw u/fpg] .
!!=* :yfgLo lgsfo (Local Bodies)
5gf]6 ePsf pko'Qm cfof]hgfsf] cfj]bgnfO{ lhNnf÷gu/÷ufpF kl/ifb\af6 kfl/t u/fpg] .
cfof]hgfsf] sfo{k|lqmofaf/] k"0f{ hfgsf/L /fVg], cfof]hgf;Fu ;DalGwt ;a} ;/f]sf/jfnf ju{÷lgsfox¿sf] e"ldsf / lhDd]jf/Laf/] kl/lrt x'g] / cfof]hgfsf] ljQLo Joj:yfkgaf/]
hfgsf/L /fVg] .
cfof]hgf;Fu ;DalGwt ;"rgf Pj+ hfgsf/L pknAw u/fpg] sfddf ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] .
vf=kf=p=;+= sf] klxrfg, btf{ / lgjf{rg k|lqmofaf6 sfo{sf/L ;ldlt -vf=kf=p=;=;=_sf] u7g sfo{df ;xof]u ug]{ .
d'xfg÷;|f]t ;DaGwL ljjfb p7]df ;dfwfg ug{ k|oTg ug{] . ;DalGwt pkef]Qmf ;+:yfåf/f k|:tfljt cfof]hgfsf] ;DaGwdf ;xdlt pknAw u/fpg] tyf pQm cfof]hgfsf nflu cfjZos
kg]{ hUuf Joj:yf / vfg]kfgL ;|f]t klxrfg Pj+ btf{ h:tf sfo{x¿df ;xhsL/0f tyf ;dGjo
ul/lbg] .
:yfgLo txdf cfjZos ;dGjo Pj+ cg'udgsf nflu uf=lj=;÷gu/:t/Lo vfg]kfgL, ;/;kmfO tyf :jR5tf ;dGjo ;ldlt (V-WASH-CC / M-WASH-CC) ;+u ;dGjog ug]{ .
cf=Jo=sf=÷If]=cf=Jo=sf=, g=lj=sf]=, vf=kf=p=;+=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfo -g=kf=÷uf=lj=;=_ aLr k|f/lDes r/0fdf ul/g] gu/ cfof]hgf ;xdlt kq (MOU) df x:tfIf/ ug]{ clwsf/ k|fKt
k|ltlglw tf]Sg] .
gu/ cfof]hgf lgdf{0fsf nflu vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfo dfkm{t ;a} pkef]Qmfsf] k|lta4tf :j¿k ;Íng ug'{kg]{ clu|d /sd tf]lsPsf] ;dodf p7fpg ;xof]u ug]{ .
vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfo / sf]ifaLr x'g] C0f ;Demf}tf ug]{ .
vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfo / g=lj=sf]=jLr x'g] C0f ;Demf}tfdf ;dGjo u/L C0f ltg{ vf=kf=p=;=;=nfO{ ;hu u/fO{ ;Demf}tfadf]lhd C0f÷sa'n u/]sf] bfloTj k"/f u/fpg] .
t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO If]qut cfof]hgf – cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog lgb]{lzsf -21_
gu/ cfof]hgf If]qleq ;fj{hlgs ;/;kmfO ;'ljwfcGtu{t lgdf{0f x'g] ;fj{hlgs zf}rfno, kmf]x/d}nf Joj:yfkg tyf jiff{tsf] kfgLsf] k|jGw ug{ ;fj{hlgs 9n, :nh 8fOª a]8\; cflb
lgdf{0f ug{ vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yf=lg=n] ;+o'Qm ¿kdf hDdf ug'{kg]{ !%Ü /sd ;dodf pknAw
u/fpg] . ;fy} lgdf{0fkZrft\ lgoldt /]vb]v / dd{t;+ef/sf] sfo{sf] ;d'bfo;Fu ;dGjo u/L
k"0f{ ¿kdf lhDd]jf/L lng] .
;/;kmfO ;'ljwfcGtu{t lgld{t ;+/rgfx¿sf] ;~rfng / ;Def/sfo{x¿df ;xof]u ug]{ .
;fdflhs–cfly{s ljj/0f tyf ;DefJotf cWoog ;a]{If0fsf nflu vl6cfPsf JolQm÷6f]nLnfO{ cfjZos ;xof]u pknAw u/fpg] .
cfof]hgfsf] ;~rfng dd{t;Def/sf nflu ;xof]u ug]{ / nfut c;'nLsf nflu vf=kf=p=;+=÷ vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfo nfO{ ;hu /fVg k|of; ug]{ .
gu/ cfof]hgf ;Demf}tfsf nflu vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfonfO{ tof/ x'g ;xof]u ug]{ .
ljkGg ju{sf nflu nlIft k|ltkmndf cfwfl/t cg'bfg (OBA) sfo{qmdsf] sfof{Gjogdf ;ldltnfO{ ;xof]u ug]{ tyf cg'udg ug]{ . rkL{ lgdf{0f tyf wf/f h8fgsf nflu k|ltkmndf
cfwfl/t cg'bfg kfpg] 3/w'/L 5gf}6, cg'bfg lat/0f tyf o; ;DalGw s[ofsnfkdf ;xof]u
u/L] cg'udg tyf ;'kl/j]If0f ;d]t ug]{ . ;fy} k|ltkmndf cfwfl/t cg'bfg (OBA) sfo{qmd
;~rfng u/L ;Dj4 lgsfox¿nfO{ k|ltj]bg ;d]t lbg]] .
vf=kf=p=;=;=sf] u7g, btf{ / lgodg u/fpg] sfddf ;xof]u ug]{ .
cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog r/0fdf vf=kf=p=;=;= af6 p7fpg'kg]{ clu|d gub ;Íng ug{ ;xhLs/0f sfo{ ug]{ .
gu/ cfof]hgf;DaGwL x'g] jftf{÷;Demf}tfaf/] vf=kf=p=;=;=nfO{ ;xof]u ug]{ .
cf=Jo=sf=÷If]=cf=Jo=sf= af6 tof/ ePsf] n}=;=;f=;= sfo{of]hgfaf/] gu/÷;d'bfo :t/df vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfo nufot ;a}nfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg] .
sfo{of]hgfsf] sfof{Gjog ePsf] k|ult k|ltj]bg k]; ug{sf ;fy} ;a} ju{, lnË, hfthflt, ul/a, blnt, ckfË cflbnfO{ cfof]hgfsf] lqmofsnfkdf ;dfj]z u/fpg k|oTgzLn /xg] .
k'gjf{; of]hgf nfu" ug{ cfjZostf eP ;f]cg'¿k ;xof]u ug]{ .
!!=( uf=lj=;=÷gu/:t/Lo vfg]kfgL, ;/;kmfO tyf :jR5tf ;dGjo ;ldlt (V/M-WASH-CC)
cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog r/0fdf :yfgLo :t/df ;/;kmfO ;DaGwL x'g'kg]{ sfo{sf] ;dGjosf nflu sfo{/t /xg] .
cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog r/0fdf cfOkg]{ ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu kxn ug]{ tyf b'Mv u'gf;f] Go"gLs/0f ug]{ .
gu/:t/Lo vfg]kfgL, ;/;kmfO tyf :jR5tf ;dGjo ;ldltsf] ;+/rgfM gu/kflnsf k|d'v -d]o/_ cWoIf
sfo{sf/L clws[t ;b:o ;lrj
:jf:Yo ;'ljwf k|bfosx? ;b:o
u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx? ;b:o
;d'bfodf cfwfl/t ;+:yfx? ;b:o
jg pkef]Stf ;d"xx? ;b:o
t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO If]qut cfof]hgf – cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog lgb]{lzsf -22_
ljsf; ;fem]bf/x? ;b:o
vfg]kfgL pkef]Stf ;ldltx? ;b:o
6f]n ;'wf/ ;ldltx? ;b:o
afn Snj ;b:o
dlxnf ;fd'bflos :jf:yo :jo+;]jsx? ;b:o
k|wfgfWofks tyf k|frfo{x? ;b:o
lzIfs cleefjs ;+3 ;b:o
dlxnf ;d"xx? ;b:o
n3'shf{ ;+:yfx? ;b:o
:yfgLo ;~hfnx? ;b:o
-b|i6JoM gu/k|d'v -d]o/_sf] cg'kl:yltdf sfo{sf/L clws[t cWoIf / :jf:Yo ;'ljwf k|bfossf
k|d'v jf vfg]kfgL ;/;kmfOsf] ;Dks{ JolSt ;b:o ;lrj x'g]5g\ ._
uf=lj=;= :t/Lo vfg]kfgL, ;/;kmfO tyf :jR5tf ;dGjo ;ldltsf] ;+/rgfM uf=lj=; cWoIf cWoIf
uf=lj=;= ;lrj ;b:o ;lrj
:jf:Yo ;'ljwf k|bfosx? ;b:o
u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf k|ltlglw ;b:o
;d'bfodf cfwfl/t ;+:yfx? ;b:o
jg pkef]Stf ;d"xx? ;b:o
ljsf; ;fem]bf/x? ;b:o
vfg]kfgL pkef]Stf ;ldltx? ;b:o
6f]n ;'wf/ ;ldltx? ;b:o
afn Snj ;b:o
dlxnf ;fd'bflos :jf:Yo :jo+;]jsx? ;b:o
k|wfgfWofks tyf k|frfo{x? ;b:o
ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldlt ;b:o
lzIfs cleefjs ;+3 ;b:o
dlxnf ;d'xx? ;b:o
n3'shf{ ;+:yfx? ;b:o
:yfgLo ;~hfnx? ;b:o
-b|i6JoM uf=lj=; cWoIfsf] cg'kl:yltdf uf=lj=;= ;lrj cWoIf / :jf:Yo ;'ljwf k|bfossf k|d'v
;b:o ;lrj x'g]5g\ ._
!!=!) vfg]kfgL pkef]Qmf tyf ;/;kmfO ;+:yf÷:yfgLo lgsfo (Water Users' and Sanitation Association /Local Body)
pkef]Qmfx¿sf] ;xnufgL / :jfldTjk"0f{ cu'jfOdf ;~rfng x'g] o; cfof]hgfsf] th'{df, lgdf{0f,
;~rfng tyf ;Def/ cflb ;Dk"0f{ sfdsf] lhDd]jf/L vf=kf=p=;=df /x]sf] 5 . To;sf/0f
;]jf;'ljwf lng rfxg] ;fgf zx/sf afl;Gbf -pkef]Qmf_ x¿sf] cfde]nfaf6 vfg]kfgL pkef]Qmf
;+:yfsf] u7g ubf{ ljz]if Wofg lbOg''kb{5 . vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfodf ;a} ju{, lnË,
hfthflt, blnt, d'l:nd tyf ljkGg÷u}/ nfeflGjt÷hf]lvdo'Qm ju{af6 ;d]t k|ltlglwTj x'g] u/L
( ;b:oLo -cWoIf –!, pkfWoIf–!, ;lrj–!, sf]iffWoIf –!, tyf sfo{sf/L ;b:o– %_ ;+/rgf
u7g ug'{kg]{5 . gf} hgf ;b:odWo] sDtLdf # hgf dlxnf x'g' clgjfo{ /x]sf]5 . To;}u/L # hgf
dlxnfx¿dWo] sDtLdf ! hgfn] s'g} Ps k|d'v kbflwsf/L kbsf] lhDdf clgjfo{ ¿kn] lng'kg]{5 .
t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO If]qut cfof]hgf – cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog lgb]{lzsf -23_
pkef]Qmf ;+:yf hn;|f]t P]g @)$( tyf vfg]kfgL lgodfjnL @)%% adf]lhd lhNnf hn;|f]t
;ldltdf btf{ x'g'kg]{5 . btf{ ePsf] ^ dlxgfleq lgjf{rg k|lqmofaf6 vf=kf=p=;=;=sf] rog
ug{'kg]{5 . ljwfgadf]lhd jflif{s ;fwf/0f;ef, k'gu{7g, ;+:yf btf{ gjLs/0f, efjL
of]hgf÷sfo{qmdx¿sf] th'{df, vfg]kfgL / ;/;kmfO kIfdf b]lvPsf ;d:ofx¿nfO{ ;dfwfg ug]{
u/L vf=kf=p=;=;=n] lgDg sfo{x¿ ug]{ 5 M
;dfj]zL tj/n] af]nfOPsf] pkef]Qmfx¿sf] cfde]nfaf6 vf=kf=p=;= u7g ug]{ / ljlwjt vf=kf=p=;=;= u7g u/L btf{ geO{ ;s'~h]n;DDf pkef]Qmfx¿sf] cfde]nfn] cGtl/d ;]jfIf]q
;ldlt -tby{ ;ldlt_ u7g ug]{5 . vf=kf=p=;=nfO{ /Ltk"j{s btf{ u/fpg'kg]{5 .
gu/ cfof]hgfsf nflu k]; ul/g] cfj]bgkq /Ltk"j{s uf=lj=;=÷g=kf=÷lh=lj=;=sf] l;kmfl/;;lxt cf=Jo=sf=÷If]=cf=Jo=sf=÷vf=kf=;=l8=sf=÷;a–l8=sf=dfkm{t k]; ug]{ .
k"j{;DefJotf cWoogsfo{df vl6cfpg] k/fdz{bftf÷sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ ;xof]u / ;dGjo ug]{ .
hgr]tgf cleofg sfo{qmddf ;lqmo ;xefuL x'g] / ;f] sfdsf nflu vl6 cfPsf k/fdz{bfqL 6]nLnfO{ ;3fpg] .
cfof]hgfsf] k|f/lDes r/0fdf x'g] gu/ cfof]hgf ;xdtL kq x:tfIf/ ;DkGg ug{] .
lhNnf hn:f|f]t ;ldltaf6 vfg]kfgL d'xfg -;|f]t_ ;j]{If0f cg'dlt / ;|f]t pkof]u cg'dlt k|fKt ug]{ .
;fdflhs–cfly{s ljj/0f tyf ;DefJotf cWoog k|ltj]bg tof/ ug]{ qmddf tYofÍ÷;"rgf Pj+ hfgsf/L ;Íng ug{ cfPsf 6f]nLnfO{ cfjZos ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] .
k|:tfljt gu/ cfof]hgf k|fljlws÷cfly{s÷;fdflhs÷jftfj/0fLo b[li6sf]0fn] ;DefJo b]lvPdf cfkm\gf] ;xdlt k|bfg ug]{ .
l8=;'=Jo=k=nfO{ gu/ cfof]hgfsf] ;DefJotf cWoog sfo{qmd k|fljlws k|:tfjdflysf] ;xdlt tyf gu/ cfof]hgfsf] If]q lgwf{/0f (Scopping) sfo{df cfjZos ;xof]u ug]{ .
;DefJotf cWoogsfo{df ;xof]u ug]{, pknAw ljsNkdWo] pQd ljsNksf] 5gf]6, l8hfOg / nfut cg'dfg to ug]{ .
gu/ cfof]hgfsf] lj:t[t l8hfOg k|ltj]bg tof/ ug{ tyf ;f] ;DaGwdf ;xdlt k|fKt ug{ cfjZos e"ldsf lgjf{x ug]{ .
gu/ cfof]hgf If]qdf PseGbf a9L vf=kf=p=;+=x¿ /x]sf] cj:yfdf pknAw ;'ljwfnfO{ ;+o'Qm ¿kdf Joj:yfkg ug{ ;DalGwt ;a} vf=kf=p=;=x¿sf] k|ltlglwTj x'g] u/L Pp6f d"n ;ldlt
u7g ug]{ .
hUuf pknAw, k'gjf{; tyf gu/ cfof]hgfsf] :jfldTj ;DaGwdf gu/ cfof]hgfsf cjojx¿Ù
kfgLkf]v/L, k|zf]wg k|0ffnL cflb ;+/rgfx¿ lgdf{0f ug{ cfjZos kg]{ hUuf pknAw u/fpg] .
o:tf hUuf÷hldg vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfosf] gfddf sfg'gL ¿kn] btf{ jf ef]uflwsf/
k|fKt u/]sf] x'g'kg]{5 . gu/ cfof]hgf If]qleqsf ;Dk"{0f ef}lts ;Dkltx¿sf] :jfldTjsf]
xsdf hUuf hldg pkef]Qmf ;+:yf÷:yfgLo lgsfosf] x'g] / ;f] hUufdf lgdf{0f ul/Psf
ef}lts ;+/rgfdf gf]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jfdLTj /xg] .
vfg]kfgLsf] d'xfg tyf gu/ cfof]hgf sfof{Gjogsf] ;dodf cfOkg]{ ;d:of / ljjfbx¿sf] ;dfwfg ug]{ bfloTj vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfosf] x'g]5 . klxrfg ePsf] vfg]kfgLsf]
t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO If]qut cfof]hgf – cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog lgb]{lzsf -24_
d'xfg ljjfb/lxt x'g'k5{ / o;sf] ;d'lrt k|of]usf nflu ;DalGwt lgsfoaf6 ;dod} :jLs[lt
lng] sfo{ vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfosf] x'g]5 .
cfof]hgfsf] lj:t[t Ol~hlgol/Ë l8hfOg tyf nfut cg'dfgaf/] ;dLIff a}7s u/L cfˆgf] tkm{af6 clGtd :jLs[lt k|bfg ug]{ .
cfof]hgf sfof{Gjogsf nflu cfjZos jftf{÷;Demf}tfx¿ ug]{ / ;sf/fTds jftfj/0f agfpg ;lqmo /xg] .
vfg]kfgL cfof]hgfsf] s'n nfutsf] #)Ü ;Dd ;xnufgL ug]{ k|fjwfg cg';f/ sDtLdf %Ü n] x'g] /sd clu|d hDdf ug]{ / ;f]sf] ljj/0f, gfd ;fd]n u/L sf]ifdf k7fpg' kg]{ tyf
;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt cGo zt{x¿ kfngf ug]{ . t/ ;x—nufgL /sd slt eGg]af/] lj:t[t
OlGhlgol/ª l8hfOg cWoogsfo{ ;DkGg u/L pko'Qm k|fljlws ljsNksf] rog eO;s]kl5
ul/g] gu/ cfof]hgfsf] cg'dflgt nfut tof/ e};s]kl5 dfq olsg x'g]5 .
cfof]hgf lgdf{0fsf] s'n nfutsf] #)Ü ;Dd ;xnufgLsf] k|fjwfgcg';f/ clu|d /sd ;Íngsf] cfwf/df afFsL x'g cfpg] @%Ü ;Ddsf] /sd g=lj=sf]=;Fu C0f dfu ug]{ . C0fsf]
efsf cjlw -;x'lnot jif{ % ;d]t_ s'n @% jif{leq jflif{s %Ü Aofh, ;fFjf / cGo xhf{gf
/sd kfgL z'Nsafkt p7]sf] /sdaf6 zt{ adf]lhd ltb}{ hfg'kg]{5 .
gu/ cfof]hgf ;~rfngsf ;DaGwdf ;';"lrt /xg / cfjZos ;xhsL/0f ug{ u/fpg vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfon] b'O{ hgf k|ltlglw -! hgf k|fljlws / ! hgf n]vf ;DjGwL_
nfO{ v6fpg] .
g=lj=sf]=af6 k|fKt C0fsf] ;fFjf / Aofh /sd g=lj=sf]=nfO{ lt/]sf] n]gb]gsf] lx;fa /fVg] / oyfy{ cfly{s l:ylt emNsg] /Ltk"j{ssf] cfly{s ljj/0f tof/ ug]{ .
:yfgLo txdf ;~rfng x'g] ;a} k|sf/sf] tflnd÷uf]i7L sfo{qmddf ;lqmo ;xefuL x'g] tyf cfof]hgf If]qdf ;~rfng x'g] z}lIfs÷r]tgfd"ns sfo{qmdnfO{ k|efjsf/Ltf lbg k|oTglzn
/xg] .
lgdf{0fsfo{sf lgldQ ckgfOg] af]nkq (Bid) d"Nof+sg k|lqmofdf ;xefuL x'g] ;Demf}tfkqdf ;fIfLsf ¿kdf cfkm\gf] ;xdlt / ;xeflutf hgfpg] .
vf=kf=p=;=sf ;b:ox¿n] cf–cfkm\gf] 3/df rkL{ tyf ;/;kmfOsf ;'ljwfx¿sf] lgdf{0f jf ljBdfg ;+/rgfsf] k|of]u / dd{t;Def/ u/L :j:Yo cfr/0f tyf Jojxf/åf/f cfkm" pbfx/0f ag]/
b]vfpg] .
lghL÷;fd'bflos zf}rfno, 9n lgdf{0f sfo{qmdx¿nfO{ Jofkstf lbO{ zx/jf;Lx¿sf] ;/;kmfO;DaGwL Jojxf/df ;sf/fTds kl/jt{g cfP÷gcfPsf] lg/Gt/ cg'udg u/L clen]v
/fVg] .
cfof]hgfsf] nfeaf/] cg'udg Pj+ d"NofÍg (Benefit Monitoring and Evaluation) sf nflu cfjZos kg]{ ;"rgf÷ljj/0f cf=Jo=sf=÷If]=cf=Jo=sf= nfO{ pknAw u/fpg] .
cfof]hgfsf] p2]Zo cg'¿k pkef]Qmfx¿sf] :jf:Yo tyf cfly{s l:ytLdf ;'wf/ cfP÷gcfPsf] hfgsf/L lng nfe cg'udg / d"NofÍg sfo{df vl6cfpg] 6f]nLnfO{ ;xof]u ug]{ .
cfof]hgf :yndf gu/ cfof]hgfsf] s'n nfut, P=lj=a}Í, g]kfn ;/sf/, gu/ ljsf; sf]if / pkef]Qmfsf] of]ubfg, nfeflGjt hg;+Vof, cfof]hgf ;'? / ;DkGg x'g] ldlt tyf
sfo{k|lqmofx¿sf] :ki6 ljj/0f ;fj{hlgs hfgsf/Lsf nflu ;a}n] b]Vg] :yfgdf /fVg] .
t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO If]qut cfof]hgf – cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog lgb]{lzsf -25_
pkef]Stfaf6 vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO ;]jf;'ljwf k|flKtsf nflu cfj]bg ug]{ / k"j{zt{{sf ¿kdf k|lta4tfkq ;Íng ug]{ . ;fy} cfjZostfcg';f/ clu|d s]xL cfjZos /sd
p7fpg] .
If]=cf=Jo=sf=÷vf=kf=;=l8=sf=÷;a–l8=sf / l8=;'=Jo=k=af6 cfjZos k|fljlws ;xof]u lnO{ lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] k|of]u ug{] lgdf{0f;fdu|L tyf lgdf{0f ul//x]sf] ;+/rgfx¿sf] u'0f:t/
lgoGq0fdf ljz]if Wofg lbg] .
lgdf{0f sfo{sf] sfo{tflnsf agfpg ;xof]u ug]{, lgdf{0f;fdu|Lsf] kl/df0f / u'0f:t/ cg'udg tyf ;+/rgf lgdf{0fsf] ;'kl/j]If0f ug]{ .
lgdf{0f ;DkGg ePkl5 vfg]kfgL / ;/;kmfO k|0ffnLx¿sf] ;+rfng÷;Def/ sfo{ ug]{ . k|0ffnL ;+rfngdf :jfldTjk"0f{ ;xeflutf ;'lglZrt ug]{ .
cfof]hgf ;DkGg ePkl5 If]=cf=Jo=sf= n] tof/ u/]sf] cfof]hgf ;DkGg k|ltj]bg -Project Completion Report_ pk/ 5nkmn u/L ;xdlt k|bfg ug]{ .
g=lj=sf]= tyf cGo pkef]Qmfju{n] rfx]sf avtdf x]g{ ;Sg] u/L k|rlnt lgod tyf vf=kf=p=;=sf] ljwfgadf]lhd ;a{dfGo tj/n] cfo Joosf] x/lx;fa b'?:t /fvL :jtGq
n]vfk/LIfsåf/f k|rlnt ljlwadf]lhd n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpg] .
PsLs[t vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO cfof]hgfsf] sfof{Gjogaf6 hg:jf:Yodf plrt kmfObf kfpg ;fj{hlgs ;/;kmfOsf] sfo{qmd vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf;Fu;Fu} nfu" ug{ vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo
lgsfo ;xdt x'g'kg]{5 . ;fj{hlgs ;/;kmfOsf ;'ljwfx¿df ;fj{hlgs zf}rfno, Sludge
Drying Beds, Wastewater Joj:yfkg cflb x'g]5g . ;/;kmfO ;DalGw sfo{qmd nfu" ubf{ s'n
nfutsf] !%Ü vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yf=lg=n] ;+o'Qm ¿kdf ;xnufgL ug]{5g .
cGo ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] ;fy} vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfon] gu/ cfof]hgfnfO{ tf]lsPsf] ;dodf ;DkGg ug{ / u'0f:t/df ljz]if Wofg lbO{ lgdf{0fsfo{sf] lg/Gt/ ;'kl/j]If0f ug'{kg]{5 .
;fy} lg=Jo=sf] lan e'QmfgLsf] nflu vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfon] l;kmfl/; ug'{kg]{ x'G5 .
kfgL ;]jfz'Ns lgwf{/0f – vfg]kfgLsf] ;]jf;'ljwf pkef]u u/]afkt ;]jf k|bfos ;+:yfsf ¿kdf o;n] kfgL ;]jfz'Ns lgwf{/0f ug]{5 . o;/L lgwf{/0f ePsf] kfgL ;]jfz'Ns b/adf]lhd
pkef]Qmfx¿af6 lgoldt ¿kdf x/]s dlxgf kfgL ;]jfz'Ns ;Íng ug'{kg{]5 . ;]jfz'Ns
lgwf{/0f ubf{ lgDg s'/fnfO{ Wofg lbg'kg]{5 M
vfg]kfgL cfk"lt{ ;]jf;'lawf ;~rfng -pTkfbg, k|;f]wg, k|;f/0f, ljt/0f / dd{t;Def/_ / sfo{no ;~rfng vr{ x'g] /sd .
;Demf}tfadf]lhd C0fsf] ;fFjf, Aofh÷xhf{gf ug]{ /sd .
;]jfIf]q lj:tf/ / cfsl:ds dd{tvr{ /sd .
pkef]Qmfx¿sf] dxz'n ltg{ ;Sg] Ifdtf / tTk/tf .
lgdf{0fr/0f ;DkGg x'g'eGbf cufl8 g} vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfon] lgdf{0fsfo{ ;DkGg eO{ cfof]hgf lhDdf lnPkl5 cfof]hgf ;+rfngsf] cleef/ jxg ug{sf nflu cfof]hgf ;~rfng tyf ;'kl/a]If0f OsfO{ u7g ug'{kg]{5 . o; OsfOn] x:tfGt/0f eOcfPsf] gu/ cfof]hgfsf] ;~rfng tyf dd{t;Def/sf] cleef/ af]Sg]nufot lgDg sfo{x¿ ug]{5 .
s_ kfgL ;]jfz'Ns ;Íng u/L ;~rfng tyf ;Def/sfo{df nfUg] vr{sf] Aoj:yf ug]{ .
t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO If]qut cfof]hgf – cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog lgb]{lzsf -26_
v_ kfgL ;]jfz'Ns lg/Gt/ ¿kdf p7]sf] 5–5}g, sd{rf/Lx¿sf] ;]jf ;t{, kfl/>lds tyf
sfo{;Dkfbg cg'udg tyf d"NofÍg g=lj=sf]=sf] /fo ;'emfj cg';f/ ug]{ .
u_ rfx]sf avtdf If]=cf=Jo=sf=÷vf=kf=;=l8=sf=÷;a–l8=sf=sf] k|fljlws ;xof]u k|fKt ug'{sf
;fy} lghL If]qaf6 ;d]t k|fljlws ljz]if1sf] ;]jf k|fKt u/L vfg]kfgL ;]jfk|0ffnL
;~rfngdf lg/Gt/tf k|bfg ug]{ .
cfof]hgf lgdf{0f ;DkGg eO{ lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] k/LIf0f ;~rfng u/]sf] Ps jif{kl5 vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfon] ;'kl/j]If0f / cg'udg ug]{ u/L lgDg ljsNkx¿dWo]
Pp6f 5fgL gu/ cfof]hgf ;~rfng ug'{kg]{5 .
!_ xfnsf lgdf{0f Joj;foLnfO{ z'Ns lt/L ;~rfng u/fpg],
@_ k|lt:kwf{sf] cfwf/df 5'§} ;]jf ;~rfns lgo'Qm ug{] jf
#_ vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfo cfkm}n] cfof]hgf ;~rfng ug]{ .
cfof]hgf ;~rfng, ;Def/ tyf C0f c;'nL ug]{ sfdsf] lhDdf vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfo x¿sf] cleef/f ePsfn] :yfgLo txdf j9L pkef]u ug]{;Fu a9L ;]jfz'Ns c;'Ng]
u/L pkef]usf] cg'kftdf ;]jfz'Ns lgwf{/0f ug]{ k|0ffnL cjnDag ug'{kg]{5 . x:tfGt/0f
ePsf gu/ cfof]hgfx¿nfO{ ;xh ;~rfngsf nflu lgDg s'/fx¿nfO{ Wofg lbg' h?/L
5 .
s_ kfgLsf] ;]jfz'Ns b/ lgwf{/0f ubf{ g=lj=sf]=sf] cfof]hgf d"Nofs+gsf cfwf/df nufgL
c;'nL, ;~rfng tyf ;Def/ nfut p7\tL x'g] u/L lglZrt :t/df ;]jfz'Ns a9fpg]
k|fjwfgsf] Joj:yf ug]{] .
v_ vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfosf] Ifdtf clej[l4 ug{ Joj:yfksLo tyf ljQLo
ljifox¿df yk tflndx¿sf] nflu cfof]hgf / g=lj=sf]=;Fu ;xof]u dfu ug]{ .
u_ ;fd'bflos ;r]tgf sfo{qmdx¿ ;~rfng u/L lghL wf/f h8fgnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug{] .
3_ k|0ffnL ;~rfngsf qmddf b]lvPsf] k|fljlws hl6ntf÷;d:ofx¿sf] lg/fs/0f ug{
sd{rf/Lx¿sf] Ifdtf clej[l4sf nflu cf=Jo=sf=÷If]=cf=Jo=sf=, lhNNff l8lehg÷;a
l8lehg / g=lj=sf]=;Fu ;xof]u lng] .
!!=!! /fli6«o vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO k|lzIf0f s]Gb| (National Water Supply and Sanitation Training Center - NWSSTC)
Vff=kf=9=lg=lj= cGtu{t o; /fi6«Lo vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO k|lzIf0f s]Gb|n] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL
cfof]hgfsf nflu cf=Jo=sf= / g=lj=sf]=sf] ;xof]u / ;dGjodf vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo
lgsfox¿sf] Ifdtf clej[l4sf lgldQ cfjZostfcg';f/ tf]lsPsf] ljQLo, k|fljlws tyf
Joj:yfksLo ljifox¿df tflnd sfo{qmdx¿ ;~rfng ug]{5 .
!!=!@ lgdf{0f Joj;foL (Civil Works Contractor)
lgdf{0f sfo{ ;'? ug'{ cufl8 ;Demf}tfadf]lhd cf=Jo=sf= / lgdf{0f Joj;foLsf] ;+o'Qm gfddf aLdf u/fpg] .
;Demf}tfadf]lhd l8hfOg, gS;f / :k]l;lkms]zg adf]lhd OlGhlgo/sf] lgb]{zg tyf ;''kl/j]If0fdf lgdf{0fsfo{ ug]{ .
lgdf{0fsfo{sf] yfngLb]lv g} :jLs[t sfo{tflnsfcg';f/ tf]lsPsf] ;dodf sfo{ ;DkGg ug]{ . ;f]sf nflu cfjZos kg]{ sfdbf/, lgdf{0f;fdu|L, oGq / pks/0f ;dod} sfo{:yndf pknAw
u/fO{ sfo{ ;'kl/j]If0fsf] Joj:yf ug]{ .
t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO If]qut cfof]hgf – cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog lgb]{lzsf -27_
:yfoL ;+/rgf lgdf{0fsf nflu k|of]u ul/g] ;fdu|Lx¿sf] u'0f:t/ ;'lglZrt ug{ tL ;fdu|Lx¿ lgdf{0f :yndf Nofpg' cufl8 lg/LIf0f / k/LIf0f ePsf] k|df0f (Inspection and Test Certificate) k];
ug]{ .
cfof]hgf If]qleq pknAw÷OR5's pkef]Qmfx¿nfO{ /f]huf/L lbg] lx;fan] cbIf sfdbf/ (Unskilled Labour)sf] ¿kdf lgdf{0fsfo{df k|of]u ug]{ .
lgdf{0f ePsf] ;+/rgfx¿sf] ;~rfng k/LIf0f -Commissioning & Testing) ug]{ . lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] cfof]hgf ;DkGg ePkl5 Ps jif{{;Dd cfof]hgfsf] dd{t / ;Def/ ;+rfngsf]
lhDd]jf/L k"0f{ ¿kdf lng'kg]{5 . To; cjlwdf kfgL kDk ug]{, k|zf]wg, ljt/0f cflb lgoldt
tj/df ug'{kb{5 . ;fy} lg=Jo=sf] bfloTj b'O{ jif{;Dd l8km]S6 lnolaln6Lsf] cjlw /x]sf] x'Fbf
o; ;doleq b]lvPsf q'l6 / ;d:ofx¿nfO{ lg/fs/0f ug]{ ;d]t bfloTj /x]sf] 5 .
cfof]hgfsf] sfo{ nIocg'¿k -Performance Target) kfgLsf] u'0f:t/÷/fli6«o u'0f:t/ dfkb08 (Nepal Nationnal Drinking Water Quality Standards -NDWQS) cg'¿k ljt/0f x'g'kg]{ .
kfgL k/LIf0fsf nflu kfgL k/LIf0f k|of]uzfnf (Water Testing Laboratory) :yfkgf, ;~rfng / Jojl:yt ug]{ sfo{;d]t lg=Jo=n] ug'{kg]{ .
cf=Jo=sf=÷If]=cf=Jo=sf=, vf=kf=p=;=;= / cfof]hgfsf ;/f]sf/jfnfx?;Fu ;dGjo /fvL sfd ug'{kg]{ .
;Demf}tfcg';f/ tf]lsPsf] ;doleq cfof]hgfsf ;a} ;+/rgfx¿sf] u'0f:t/Lo lgdf{0f ug'{kg]{ .
cf=Jo=sf=÷If]=cf=Jo=sf=, vf=kf=;=l8=sf= / vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:yfgLo lgsfon] tf]s]sf] k|fljlwssf] ;xof]u lnP/ sfd ug'{kg]{ .
lgoldt ?kn] k|To]s dlxgf jf cf=Jo=sf=÷If]=cf=Jo=sf=n] rfx]adf]lhd sfdsf] k|ult k|ltj]bg pknAw u/fpg] .
lgdf{0fsfo{ ubf{ jftfj/0fLo k|efjnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL sfo{ ug]{ .
;DkGg eO;s]sf lgdf{0fsfo{df q'l6x¿ b]lvPdf oyfzL3| ;Rofpg] .
lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] cfof]hgf ;+rfng Dofg'on agfO k]z ug]{ .
;DkGg ePsf lgdf{0fsfo{sf ;Dk"0f{ ljj/0f tyf gSzfx¿-PhlaN6 8«OË_ If]=cf=Jo=sf= tyf vf=kf=p=;=÷÷:yfgLo lgsfonfO{ pknAw u/fpg] .
!!=!# PlzofnL ljsf; a}+s (Asian Development Bank -ADB)
:ynut k'g/fjnf]sg sfo{, dWofjlw k'g/fjnf]sg sfo{ tyf cfof]hgf ;DkGg k'g/fjnf]sg sfo{ ;DkGg u/L cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog cj:yfaf/] hfgsf/L lng] .
cfof]hgf Joj:yfkg sfof{non] k]z u/]sf j:t' / ;]jfsf] vl/b sfo{, lgdf{0f sfo{ cflb ;DaGwdf ;'emfj tyf ;xdlt k|bfg ug]{ .
vr{sf] ljj/0f k/LIf0f ug'{sf ;fy} C0f ;Demf}tfdf ;xdlt eP cg';f/ C0f /sd k|jfx ug]{ .
cf]k]s km08af6 k|fKt C0fsf] k|zf;lgs sfo{ ug]{ .
!@= ;+:yfut Joj:yfkg (Institutional Arrangement) ;x/L ljsf; dGqfnon] vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO If]qsf] ;Ifdtf, k|efjsf/L / hjfkmb]lxtf
;d]tsf nflu vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO If]qut Ifdtf clej[l4 OsfO u7g u/]sf] 5 . csf]{tk{m
vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO cfof]hgfx¿sf] lgdf{0f sfof{Gjogsf nflu dftxtsf] vfg]kfgL tyf 9n
t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO If]qut cfof]hgf – cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog lgb]{lzsf -28_
lgsf; ljefudf s]Gb|Lo txsf] cf=Jo=sf= sf] :yfkgf u/]sf] 5 elg If]lqo :t/df b'O{ j6f
If]=cf=Jo=sf= x?sf] :yfkgf u/]sf] 5 . cf=Jo=sf=÷If]=cf=Jo=sf= n] ;fgf ;x/L vfg]kfgL tyf
;/;kmfO If]qut cfof]hgfsf] sfof{Gjog ug]{ lgsfosf] e"ldsf lgjf{x ug]{ lgb]{zg u/]sf] 5 .
o;n] cfof]hgf sfof{Gjogsf nflu ;fgf zx/x¿sf] 5gf]6, gu/ cfof]hgfsf nflu cfjZos j:t'
tyf ;]jfsf] vl/b tyf Joj:yfkg, lgdf{0f sfo{sf] ;'kl/j]If0f tyf ;~rfng, ;du| cfof]hgfsf]
;'kl/j]If0f, cg'udg tyf d"NofÍg tyf cfof]hgfsf] ;xh sfof{Gjogsf nflu cfjZos
;/f]sf/jfnf ju{ lgsfox¿aLr ;dGjo h:tf s]Gb|Lo txsf sfo{x¿ ug]{5 . o;sf nflu s]Gb|Lo
txdf cfof]hgf lgb]{zs / b'O{ hgf cfof]hgf pk–lgb]{zsx¿sf dftxt o;} lgb]{lzsfdf ;+nUg
;+u7g tflnsf–% cg';f/ k|fljlws, n]vf, k|zf;lgs, ;fdflhs ljsf; cflb If]qut sd{rf/Lx¿sf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .
b'O{ If]qdf /x]sf If]=cf=Jo=sf= n] If]qel/sf gu/ cfof]hgfsf] ;dGjo, sfof{Gjog, Joj:yfkg,
;'kl/j]If0f tyf cg'udgsf] ;Dk"0f{ cleef/f kfPsf] 5 . If=cf=Jo=sf=sf] ;ª\u7g :j¿k ;+u7g tflnsf–^ adf]lhd x'g]5 . o;sf afah'b vf=kf=9=lg=lj= cGtu{tsf] If]qLo :t/df /x]sf cg'udg tyf ;'kl/j]If0f sfof{non] gu/ cfof]hgfx¿sf] lg/LIf0f u/L cfjZos /fo—;'emfj, ;xof]u k|bfg
ug]{5 .
t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO If]qut cfof]hgf – cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog lgb]{lzsf -29_
;+u7g tflnsf—%
cf=lg= !
cf=p=lg= @
O{lGhlgo/ #
;dfhzf:qL !
k|zf;lso k|d'v !
k|d'v n]vf lgoGqs !
n]vf clws[t !
:6f]/ lsk/ !
n]vfkfn !
s=c= #
x=;=rf= *
sfof{no ;xof]uL %
--- @*
t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO cfof]hgf cfof]hgf Joj:yfkg sfof{nosf] ;+u7g tflnsf
cfof]hgf lgb]{zs
cfof]hgf pk—lgb]{zs—@
OlGhlgo/—# ;dfhzf:qL—! n]vf zfvf — # n]vf lgoGqs—!
n]vf clws[t —!
n]vfkfn —!
k|zf;g zfvf k|zf;sLo k|d'v — !
sDKo'6/ ck/]6/ —#
xn'sf ;jf/L rfns—*
sfof{no ;xof]uL —#
:6f]/ lsk/—!
t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO cfof]hgf cGtu{t If]qLo cfof]hgf Joj:yfkg sfof{nosf] ;+u7g tflnsf
If]qLo cfof]hgf k|d'v
;dfhzf:qL — !
OlGhlgo/ /f=k=t[=k|f= — !^
n]vf clws[t — !
n]vfkfn — !
gfoj ;'Aaf — !
sDKo'6/ ck/]]6/ — $
;fdflhs kl/rflnsf — !#
;jf/L rfns — !
sfof{no ;xof]uL — !%
------- %#
;·7g tflnsf—^
t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO If]qut cfof]hgf – cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog lgb]{lzsf -30_
!#= t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO cfof]hgfsf] sfo{k|lqmof
o; cfof]hgfsf] sfo{k|lqmofnfO{ tLg r/0fdf ljefhg ul/Psf] 5 . k|To]s r/0fdf qmdj4 ¿kdf
;Dkfbg ug'{kg]{ lqmofsnfkx¿sf] ljj/0f tn pNn]v ul/Ps]f 5 . Pp6f lqmofsnfk ;dfKt geO{
csf]{ lqmofsnfk ;'? ug{ gldNg] ePsf] xF'bf clgjfo{ ¿kn] tf]lsPsf lqmofsnfkx¿ ;dod} ;DkGg
ub}{ cl3 a9\g'kg]{ o; cfof]hgfsf] ljz]iftf xf] . ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO cfof]hgf,
clxn];Dd ;~rfng ePsf vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO;DaGwL cfof]hgf sfo{qmdeGbf lans'n} leGg
k|s[ltsf] ePsfn] o;df ;+nUg ;a} ;/f]sf/jfnf kIfx¿n] cf–cfk"mn] lgjf{x ug'{kg{] bfloTj tyf
lhDd]jf/L÷;]jf tf]lsPsf] ;dodf pknAw x'g ;Sg'df ;/f]sf/jfnf kIfx¿sf aLrsf] cfk;L
;dembf/L / ;dGjosf] kmn:j¿k cfof]hgf;Fu cfa4 ;a} kIfx¿sf] of]ubfg g} o; cfof]hgfsf]
;kmntf d]?b08 dflgg]5 . cfof]hgfsf] r/0fa4 k|lqmof sfo{k|lqmof cg';"rL !^ cg';f/ x'g]5 .
!#=! k|yd r/0fM lgdf{0fk"j{ cfof]hgf th'{df / 5gf]6 k|lqmof
!#=!=! cfof]hgfsf] ;a}eGbf ;'?cftsf] r/0fdf cfof]hgfsf af/]df ;fgf zx/af;Lx¿nfO{
cfof]hgfaf/] hfgsf/L u/fpg cfjZos k|rf/k|;f/ ug]{ tyf OR5's ;d"x÷;+:yf;Fu gu/
cfof]hgfsf nflu cf=Jo=sf=÷If]=cf=Jo=sf= n] ;fj{hlgs cfJxfg ug]{5 . o;} lgb]{lzsfsf]
cg';"rL–! df lbOPsf] gu/ 5gf]6 cfj]bg kmf/fdsf] gd'gf vf=kf=;=l8=sf=÷;a–l8=sf= tyf cf=Jo=sf=÷If]=cf=Jo=sf= dfkm{t cfj]bg kmf/fd k|fKt ug{ ;lsg]5 . ;fy}
;"rgfk|jfxsf k|efjsf/L dfWodsf ¿kdf j]a;fO6 tyf /fli6«o÷:yfgLo kqklqsfdfkm{t
;"rgf k|jfx ul/g]5 .
!#=!=@ gu/ cfof]hgfsf nflu cf=Jo=sf=÷If]=cf=Jo=sf= åf/f tof/ kfl/Psf] cfj]bg kmf/fdadf]lhd
;"rgfx¿ pknAw u/fpg] / plNnlvt zt{x¿sf] kfngf ug]{ saf]n u/LPsf cfj]bgx¿ ljlwjt\
vf=kf=;=l8=sf=÷;a–l8=sf=df jf cf=Jo=sf=÷If]=cf=Jo=sf= df k]; ug{ ;lsg]5 .
!#=!=# cfof]hgf dfusf cfj]bgsf cfwf/df dgfl;j b]lvPsf cfj]bgsf] 5gf]6 u/L ;f] cfj]bgdf
plNnlvt ljj/0fx¿af/] j:t'l:ylt olsg ug{ (Verification) / k"j{;DefJotf (Pre-feasibility)
cWoog ug{ cf=Jo=sf=÷If]=cf=Jo=sf= af6 ;DalGwt ;d'bfodf k|fljlws 6f]nL v6fOg]5 .
;f] 6f]nLn] j:t'l:yltsf] :ynut cWoog cjnf]sg u/L cf=Jo=sf=÷If]=cf=Jo=sf= df
k|ltj]bg k]; ug]{5 . k|:t't k|ltj]bg;d]tsf] cfwf/df k"j{lgwf{l/t dfkb08 (Criteria) cg';f/
pko'Qm b]lvPsf cfof]hgfsf] k|f/lDes 5gf]6 u/L ;DalGwt ;d'bfo Pj+ :yfgLo
lgsfonfO{ hfgsf/L u/fOg]5 . ;fy} pko'Qm b]lvPsf cfof]hgfx¿sf] cg'df]bg lhNnf kl/ifb\af6
u/fpg] k|fjwfg ePsfn] ;f];DaGwL ;xdltkq lh=lj=;=n] k|bfg ug'{kg]{5 . Pre-feasibility Report sf] 9fFrfaf/] cg';"rL – @ cg';f/ x'g]5 .
!#=!=$ k"j{–;DefJotf cWoog kZrft ;DefJo gu/ cfof]hgfx¿sf nflu
cf=Jo=sf=÷If]=cf=Jo=sf=n] l8hfOg ;'kl/j]If0f tyf Joj:yfkg k/fdz{bft[ ;+:yfx¿sf]
5gf]6 u/L ;f] ;+:yfdfkm{t cfof]hgfsf] ;DefJotf cWoog / hgr]tgf clej[l4 cleofg
sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/g]5g\ . hgr]tgf clej[l4 cleofgn] ;DalGwt
vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:YffgLo lgsfonfO{ cfof]hgfsf af/]df lj:t[t hfgsf/L u/fO{
cfof]hgfk|ltsf] lhDd]jf/L tyf cfof]hgfsf ljleGg r/0fx¿df k"/f ug'{kg]{ zt{x¿af/]
hfgsf/L lbg] 5 . hgr]tgf clej[l4 cleofgsf] p2]Zo cfof]hgf ;DkGg ug{
pkef]Qmfx¿n] jxg ug'{kg]{ lhDd]jf/Laf/] cjut u/fO{ ;fdflhs tof/L :j¿k g}lts,
cfly{s / ef}lts ¿kn] pgLx¿nfO{ tof/ ug'{ klg xf] . ;fy} cfof]hgf k|fljlws
b[li6sf]0fn] ;DefJo 5 5}g cWoog u/L k|ltj]bg tof/ ul/g]5 . To;}u/L vf=kf=p=;=;=sf]
u7g tyf btf{sf] k|lqmof klg cf/De x'g]5 .
t];|f] ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO If]qut cfof]hgf – cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog lgb]{lzsf -31_
!#=!=% ;DefJotf cWoogsf] kl/0ffdcg';f/ cfof]hgf k|fljlws, cfly{s, ;fdflhs b[li6sf]0fn]
;DefJo b]lvPdf vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:YffgLo lgsfosf] ;xdlt kZrft dfq} cfof]hgfsf] c¿
sfd sfo{jfxL cl3 a9fOg]5 .
!#=!=^ cfof]hgfsf] ;DefJotf cWoog kZrft vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:YffgLo lgsfon] cfof]hgfaf/] ;a}
hfgsf/L xfl;n u/]kl5 eljiodf k"/fug'{ kg]{ zt{ tyf lhDd]jf/Lx¿ k"/f ug{ k|f/lDes
r/0fdf gu/ cfof]hgf ;xdlt kq (Memorandum of Understanding) ul/g]5 . o; ;xdltkqsf] gd'gf 9fFrf cg';"rL–$ cg';f/sf] x'g]5 . g=lj=sf]=, vf=kf=p=;=;=÷:YffgLo lgsfo tyf cf=Jo=sf=÷If]=cf=Jo=sf= sf k|ltlglwaf6 x:tfIf/ ul/g] o; ;Demf}tfkqnfO{
cfof]hgfk|lt vf=kf=p=;
Top Related