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RIZAL AND THEPROPAGANDA
MOVEMENT
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What was Spain likeduring the early1880s?
How important wasthe environment to theyoung men of thePhilippines who cameto the Peninsula?
Spain: 1880 -1890
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Filipinos in Spain
The young Filipinos were acquainted with aworld different from the Philippines: freedom ofspeech against the church, church doctrine andthe state; proclamation of liberties andprogress. The environment would become a STIMULUSfor CALLING OF CHANGES in the / for thePhilippines. The grave defects of Spanish government inSpain led to the disillussionment of theFilipinos. Rizal noted in his travels the progress of the
places he visited; and recognized their native
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Early Activities ofFilipinos in Spain
Filipino nationalists prior to 1880:PEDRO PATERNO and GREGORIO
SANCIANCO
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Circulo-HispanoFilipino
Tha banquet served as thefoundation of CIRCULO-HISPANO FILIPINO
Rizal wanted to give moresubstance to it; and to useit as vehicle to uniteFilipinos.
Revista del Circulo-Hispano Filipino
Sancianco gavea banquet forFernando de
Leon y Castillo,overseasminister ofliberalgovernment in
Sagasta.Sanciancopublish a bookon the
abolishment ofthe Tobacco
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Early Activities ofFilipinos in Spain
GRACIANO LOPEZ JAENA began anactive participation in politics and
journalism
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Rizal and the PropagandaMovement
CultureandprogressofEuropeto his
countrymen
Reluctan
t to
Expositionde Bella
Artes
Juan LunasSpolariumand Felix
Resurreccion HidalgosVirgenesCristianesExpuestes
al
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Kidlat Club to IndiosBravos
Rizal, upon arriving inParis, (March 1889)formed the Kidlat Club.
Kidlat Club, a socialorganization, later onbecame more politicalin its aspirations.
Indios Bravos meansBrave Indians
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Filipino Masonry: A Wayto Change
REAL ROLE OF MASONRYIN NATIONALIST
MOVEMENT
Masoniclodges
had
served ascentres
for liberalthoughts
in Spainmost part
of the19th
century.
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ROLE OF MASONRY INPROPAGANDAMOVEMENT
Masonry servedas center ofliberal ideas inthe 19thcentury.
Masonry playeda role inemancipation ofdifferentcountriesincluding USAand later, Cuba.
Jose A. Ramoswas the first
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Rizal and Freemasonry
Master Mason at Logia Solidaridad 53; Gran Oriente de Espanol; mason name:
Dimasalang
Prof. Miguel Morayta and uncle Albertoinfluenced him in becoming a mason.
One of his works as a freemasonsuggested that the conditions of thePhilippines were not because of theSpain or Catholic church but because of
the friars.
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Christian Virgins Exposedto the Mob
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Spolarium
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Brindis: 1884 Speech in Honor of Lunaand Hidalgo
"The patriarchal era of Filipinas is passing. Theillustrious achievements of her children are nolonger consummated within the home. The
Oriental chrysalis is leaving the cocoon. Thetomorrow of a long day is announced for thoseregions in brilliant tints and rosy dawns, andthat race - lethargic during the historical night
while the sun lit up other continents - awakensagain, powerfully moved by the electric shockproduced in it by contact with the Westernpeoples, and it clamors for light, life, thecivilization that time once gave as its legacy,confirming in this way the eternal laws of
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Brindis: 1884 Speech in Honor of Lunaand Hidalgo
To you Filipinas owes thebeauty of the diamonds that
stud her crown. She has giventhe stones, Europe haspolished them. And we
contemplate proudly, you yourwork, ours the flame, the
breath, the materials provided.
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Rizal Describes the Two Paintings
The Spoliarium, through thatcanvas which is not mute, one hearsthe noise of the crowd, the shouts ofthe slaves, the metallic clanking of
the dead bodies' armor, the sobbingof orphans, the murmured prayers,with as much vigor and realism asone hears the deafening noise of
thunder amid the crashing sound ofa waterfall or the awesome,
terrifying shaking of an earthquake.The same nature that births such
phenomena also intervenes in thosebrushstrokes
Luna thereare shadows,
contrasts,dying light,the mystery
and thehorror, as
resonance of
the darktempests ofthe Tropics,the lightning
and theroaring
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Rizal Describes the Two Paintings
Hidalgo's painting beats thepurest sentiment,3 the idealexpression of mournfulness,
beauty and vulnerability, thevictims of brute force, and itis because Hidalgo was bornbeneath the brilliant azure of
that sky, the lullaby of its seabreezes, amid the serenity of
its lakes, the poetry of itsvalleys and the majestic
harmony of its hills and
why Hidalgois all light,
color,harmony,
sentiment,purity, asFilipinas is inher moonlit
nights, in her
quiet days,with her
horizon thatinvites to
meditation,cradle entl
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Rizal Comments on FriarDomination
in the Philippines
"If the mother teaches her child herlanguage in order to understand his joys,his needs or pains, Spain as a mother also
teaches her language to Filipinas, despitethe opposition of those short-sightedmidgets who secure their position,
INCAPABLE OF LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE
and not weighing the consequences. Sicklywetnurses, corrupted and corrupting, whotend to snuff out all legitimate feeling and
pervert the hearts of nations, sowing in
them the seeds of discords such that later
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Philippines or Spain?
"Luna and Hidalgo belong as much to you asto us. You love them and we see in themgenerous aspirations, precious examples.
The Filipino youth of Europe, alwaysenthusiastic, and some other persons whosehearts remain youthful because of thedisinterestedness and enthusiasm that mark
their actions, offer a crown to Luna, amodest gift, small, yes, compared to ourfervor, but it is the most spontaneously andfreely offered gift of all the ones presenteduntil now.
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Reform orIndependence?
TWO RACES who love and carefor each other, UNITED morally,
socially and politicallythroughout the space of four
centuries, SO THAT IN FUTURE
THEY MAY FORM ONE SOLENATION IN SPIRIT, in their duties,
their perspectives, their
privileges.
M d id S h T i h f
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Madrid Speech: Triumph ofthe Filipinos
His speech opened up his legend inPropaganda Movement
The speech caused commotion for it hadattacked the Spanish friars, pointed at theprivileges of the colonizer, and challenged thegovernment for reformsThe audience were of politics, intellectuals
and artists which lent great importance to hisspeech.Madrid magazine Los dos mundos [The Two
Worlds] in 1884 and reproduced in thebrochure Homenaje Luna
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Other Speakers in 1884Banquet
Lpez Jaena (who attacked thetheocracy), Govantes, Crdenas, DelVal, Nin y Tud, Ms (Valencianpainter), "other Filipino orators,"Azcrraga, Luna (to express thanks),Regidor, Fernndez Labrador
(Cuban), Labra, Azcrraga (for the2nd time), Morayta, RodrguezCorrea and Moret (who summarized).
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Retana: Madrid Speechcalled for Equality
In truth, it was impossible to ask for more grace of bearingand bravery: RIZAL speaks in the name of Filipinas, not with
the submission that was demanded of that country'schildren by the Spaniards, but as an ally who is such out of
personal choice:we are TWO PEOPLES; we are TWO RACES;we are as much men as you and for this very reason wewant what you want. Are we denied what we believe wedeserve? Look to the future! The circumstances of the
present cannot be eternal! No Filipino, and even less in the
presence of prestigious Spaniards, had ever dared to sayanything like it. RIZAL wanted the union of Spain and thePhilippines to be preserved; but he demanded, for thatunion to prevail, that the Filipinos should have identicalrights as the Spanish. He considered that to live without
them diminished the dignity of his race, and he refused to
M d id S h T i h f
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Madrid Speech: Triumph ofthe Filipinos
Consequence of his speech:
The speech made Rizal an enemy ofthe state
Mother was ill because of hearingRizals speech in Manila
Dona Teodora and Don Franciscoadvise Pepe to fulfill his duties asChristian. refrain from writing articles
against the friars and continue his
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JOSE RIZALS REPLY TOHIS PARENTS
Even without his anti-friar articles,he will still have enemies
Life cant be without sorrowMisfortunes are welcomed when
they can avert debasement and
degradationConscience has to decide whether to
submit or perish in the society where
a person is born
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JOSE RIZALS REPLY TOHIS PARENTSThe best legacy parents can give their
children are upright judgment,generosity in exercising rights, and
perseverance in adversityThru honesty and good name, he can
give honor to his parents
Religion is the holiest of things but aperson can only believe by reasoning
Conscience can accept only what iscompatible with reason
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Rizals Break fromPlaridel
Rizalsarrival inMadridwas togivecohesion
amongthemember
s, but
1890shighpoint ofthePropagandaMovement
Marcelo H.
Del Pilarwas thesole editorof LaSolidaridad
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Love of Country
It has been said that
love has alwaysbeen the most
powerful forcebehind the most
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Love of Country
The motherland is indanger! Soldiers and
leaders as if by charm,spring from the ground. The
father leaves his children,the sons leave their parentsand all rush to defend their
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Whatever our
condition might bethen, let us love her
always and let uswish nothing but her
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You have lost the ideal ofyour souls, you, who with
wounded heart have seenyour illusions disappear one
by one and like the trees inautumn you find yourselveswithout flowers and without
H t l
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How to love yourcountry?
..But not as they loved inother times by performing
ferocious acts, denied andcondemned by true morals
and mother nature; bymaking a display afanaticism, destruction and
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