xqsVLiµR¶LRi gRiVÈÁNSdownload.vedpuran.net/Vedpuran/Files/SurinderSingh/telgu/sunder...

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1 xq VL μR LR gR VÈ NS 1cccÇ x m oÒ ryz¤ Ê ccc 02 2cccaR Ê μR x ¤ ÇØlL [ ccc 10 3cccÇØx m o ryz¤ Ê ccc 14 4cccaR Ê μR x ¤ ÇØlL [ Fy:10 ccc 34 5cccx q Vμ³ y x q ª« ¹¸ [ c cc 38 6ccc»R * úx m ryμj x q ª« ¹¸ [ ccc 40 7ccc@©« L μR V ryz¤ Ê ccc 42 8cccLR z¤ LSx q ccc 51 9ccc@LR μyx q ccc 61 10ccr¡z¤ ÍØ ccc 63 11ccËØLR ¥ ª« Wx ¤ (ª« WL LR &V ª« V: 5) ccc 66 12ccAry μk ªyLR ccccc 71 13ccx q VÅ ª« V¬d ryz¤ Ê cccccc 101 14ccÊ x qL»R NU ªyLR ccc 152 15ccÍØL ªyL ccccc 153 16ccËØßÔ ª« V: 9 ccccc 155

Transcript of xqsVLiµR¶LRi gRiVÈÁNSdownload.vedpuran.net/Vedpuran/Files/SurinderSingh/telgu/sunder...

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xqsVLiµR¶LRi gRiVÈÁNS1cccÇÁxmsoÒÁ ryz¤¦¦¦ÊÁ ccc 02

2cccaRPÊÁµR¶ x¤¦¦¦ÇØlLi[ ccc 10

3cccÇØxmso ryz¤¦¦¦ÊÁ ccc 14

4cccaRPÊÁµR¶ x¤¦¦¦ÇØlLi[ Fy:10 ccc 34

5cccxqsVµ³y xqsª«s¹¸¶[Vù c cc 38

6ccc»R½* úxmsryµj¶ xqsª«s¹¸¶[Vù ccc 40

7ccc@©«sLiµR¶V ryz¤¦¦¦ÊÁ ccc 42

8cccLRiz¤¦¦¦LSxqs ccc 51

9ccc@LRiµyxqs ccc 61

10ccr¡z¤¦¦¦ÍØ ccc 63

11ccËØLRi¥¦¦¦ ª«sWx¤¦¦¦ (ª«sWLiLRi&V ª«sV: 5) ccc 66

12ccAry µk¶ ªyLRi ccccc 71

13ccxqsVÅÁª«sV¬ds ryz¤¦¦¦ÊÁ cccccc 101

14ccÊÁxqsLi»R½ NUP ªyLRi ccc 152

15ccÍØLiªyLi ccccc 153

16ccËØßÔá ª«sV: 9 ccccc 155

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ÇÁxmso ÒÁ ryz¤¦¦¦ÊÁ 1ILiNSLRi xqs¼½ ©yª«sVV NRPLRi»y xmsoLRiÅÁV ¬sLRi˳ÏÁD

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26

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27

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28

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29

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30

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31

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