No Purpose Example

1 Banner Is a flag or other piece of clothlike a symbol, logo, slogan or other message.

2 Poster 

 A poster is any piece of printedpaper designed to be attachedto a wall or vertical surface.Typically posters include bothtextual and graphic elements,although a poster may be either wholly graphical or wholly text.They are a frequent tool af advertisers (particularry of events, musicians and film),propagandests, protestors andother groups trying tocommunicate a message.

3 Pamphlet

 A pamphlet is an unboundbooklet (that is, without a hardcover or binding). It may consistof a single sheet of paper that isprinted on both sides andfolded in half, in thirds or infourths. Or it may consist of afew pages that are folded in half and sadle stapled at the creaseto make a simple book.

4 Letter 

Letter is direct a writtenstatement addressed to anindividual or organization.Letter there are some of past The sender’s address  The date of writing the

letter  The inside address Saluation / greeting The body of the letter  Closing

Kind of letter  Personal letter  Business letter 

 

5 Advertisement

 Advertisement is a form of communication used topersuade an audience (viewers,readers or listeners) to takesome action with respect toproducts, ideas, or services

6 Announcement

 Announcement is a simple text /note to inform somethingimportant to the targetedlisteners.

7 Brochure

 A brochure or pamphlet isleaflet advertisement. Brochuremay advertise locations,events, hotels, products,services, etc. They are usuallysuccinct in language and eyecatching in design. The twomost common brochure stylesare single sheet and booklet(folded leaflets) forms.

8 Greeting card

Greeting card is a card thatexpresses friendship or feelingsof others. Greeting cards aregiven to pay attention to others.Kind of greeting card  Business card  Thank you card  Get-well card  Congratulation card  Holiday card

9 Short message

Short message is a short letter serves to inform someoneabout something. Ex, sms.Characteristics :  Specific nature (just to

give brief information)  Personally addressed

 

 

NO Purpose Generic Structure Language Feature

10 Narrative TextTo amuse entertain and deal withactual / vicarious experience indifferent way

1)  OrientationThe introduction of what is inside the text.2)  EvaluationValue the characters of the story.3)  ComplicationDescribing the rising crises the participant have to do

with.4)  ResolutionThis is the phase where the participants solve the

problem aroused by the conflict.5)  Re-orientationThe ending of the story can sad ending or happy ending.

1)  Focus on specific and individualized participants2)  Use of material process (action verbs)3)  Use some behavioral and verbal processes.4)  Use of time conjunctions use of past tenses.

Formula past tense :S + V2+0

5)  Use of linking and mental verb.  Linking verb

Look at these sentences :

  Some of these illnesses are so bad.  They get angryThe underlined words above are called linking verbs.

  Mental verbs1.  Feeling verb, ex : like, love, hate, dislike2.  Thinking verb, ex : think, believe, dowet, understand, confuse.3.  Perceiving verb : (five senses) ex : see, smell, taste, watch, hear,

listen.6)  Use of temporal conjunctions and temporal circum tances.

11 Descriptive TextTo describe particular person,place or thing

1)  Identification : to the subject of the description.2)  Description : presenting the characteristics or the

features of the subject, e;g. Physical appearance,qualities, habitual behavior, significant attributes.

1)  Focus an specific participants.2)  Use of attributive and identifying processes.3)  Frequent use classifiers in nominal groups.4)  Use of the simple present tense.

12 Analitical Exposition

Social function of the analyticalexposition is to persuade thereaders or the listeners thatsomething in the case, to analyzeor to explain.

1)  Thesis : (usually includes a preview argument. Itintroduces topics and indicates the writer’s

position)2)  Arguments : (consists of a point and elaboration

sequence the number of points may vary, but eachmust be supported by discussion and evidence)

3)  Reiberation : (restates the position more forcefullyin the light of the arguments presented)

1)  Emotive words such as : alarmed, worried.2)  Words that qualify statement such as : usual probably3)  Words that link arguments such as : firstly, however, on the other hand,

therefore, first, second.4)  Usually present noun.

Formula : S + VI5)  Compound and complex sentences.6)  Using modals, general and abstract noun.

13 Hortatory Exposition

Hortatory exposition is a typespoken or written text, which isintended to explain the listenersor readers that something or should not happen or be done.Purpose: To persuade the readersor listeners that something shouldor should not be the case.

1)  Thesis : The problem which happen in thetext.

2)  Argument : Opinion from some people aboutthe problem.

3)  Recommendations : Statement of what should or should not happen.

1)  Use of emotives words.2)  Use of present tense.3)  Use of modal and adverb.4)  Use of compound and complex sentences.5)  Use of subjective opinions using pronouns.6)  Use of words that link arguments.

 

14 Recount

The purpose of text whichbelongs to recount is to retellevents or what happened in thepast through a sequence ofevents.

1)  OrientationTelling the participants who were involved, thesetting where the event took place and when ithappened.

2)  EventsTelling what happened or the events inchronological order.

3)  ReorientationSummarizing the events or a closing statement.

-  Focus on specific participants, e.g (the writer)-  Use of action verbs, e.g. went, stayed.-  Focus on temporal sequence, e.g. on Saturday, on Sunday.-  Use of simple past tense, e.g on Saturday I went to bandung.

15 Spoof Text

Spoof is a type of story which hasa twist (funny part in the end ofthe story). It countains anunpredictable event which makesthe story funny.

1)  Orientation : it contains introducingparticipants

2)  Event 1 : it contains whathappen to the characters.

3)  Event 2 : continouing of event.4)  Twist : it contains

unpredictable funny ending the story.

1)  Focusing on certain participants2)  Using action verb3)  Using adverb of time and place4)  Using chronological order 

16 Report Text

To describe the way things arewith reference to a range ofnatural mainmade and socialphenomena in our environment.

1.  General classification : tells what the phenomenondiscussion is.

2.  Description : tells what the phenomenon under discussion is like in terms of parts qualities, habits or behavior.

1)  Introducing group or general aspect.2)  Using conditional logical connection : when, so etc.3)  Using simple present tense.4)  Using general nouns (such as elephants, snakes, etc) technical terms.5)  Formal and impersonal language (avoiding first and second pronoun like I, you

instead using third pronoun like it, they)

17 AnecdoteTo share with others an accountof an unusual or amusing incident.

1.  Abstract : signals the retelling of an unusualincident.

2.  Orientation : sets the scene3.  Crisis : provides details of the

unusual incident4.  Incident : reaction to the crisis5.  Coda : (optional) reflection of the

incident.

1.  Use of exclamations2.  Use of rhetorial questions3.  Use of intensifiers4.  Use of material processes5.  Use of temporal conjunctions

18 Procedure

The purpose of procedure is toinstruct how something should bedone through a series ofsequenced steps.

1)  Goal : statement of what is to be allowed.2)  Materials : equipments needed.3)  Sequenced steps : ways or steps to achieve the

goal.

1)  Written in imperative or instructive sentence for example : you must dub.2)  Use sequence of orders or steps, for examples : first, then, next, ofter that,

finally.3)  Use simple present tense, for example : throws, tries, wins.4)  Focus on generalized human agents rather than named individuals.