Michał Waliński Program autorski nauczania filozofii w liceum ogólnokształcącym

7/23/2019 Micha Waliski Program autorski nauczania filozofii w liceum oglnoksztaccym

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Bnglj [jdnwin

Srmkrjb ajxgvjanj `ndmvm`nn { idjwnh m rmvwvhrvhanx

smdnumdmkngva~b

{ NN Dnghxb Mkdamiwvujgg~b nb! Hbndnn Sdjuhr { Wmwam{gx:

Srmkrjb jxumrwin rhjdnvm{ja~ aj dhigfjgl `ndmvm`nn { imrhdjgfn v fv~inhb smdwinb$

{nhev m ixduxrvh n fv~inhb jgnwinb dxo fv~inhb `rjagxwinb n na! srvhebnmujbn {

{~bnjrvh : kmevna~ u~kmeanm{m { urv~dhuanb w~wuhbnh iwvujghanj ,mi! >3":>>3"dhgnj NN Dnghxb Mkdamiwvujgghkm nb!Hbndnn Sdjuhr { Wmwam{gx$ sme rhe! B! [jdnwinhkm$ Wmwam{nhg :>>


2/21

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mom{nvxfg~.$ fv~ij jgnwinhkm$ krhginhkm n ixduxr~ jau~gvahf$ { sh{a~b mirhwnh ujih

bjuhbju~in ,hdhbhau~ dmknin. n lnwumrnn$ n r{anh `ndmvm`nn ,srmkrjb jxumrwin7. n {nhev~ m

ixduxrvh ,r{anh srmkrjb jxumrwin anhf smesnwjahkm.! Ajf{janhfwvh v u~gl smv~u~{a~gl

em{njegvh um6

" h`hiu~{aj {wssrjgj v srjgm{anijbn ajxim{~bn Nawu~uxux @ndmvm`nn n Nawu~uxux Ajxi m

Dnuhrjuxrvh Smdwinhf Xan{hrw~uhux dwinhkm n w~wuhbju~gva~ xevnj xgvan{ { {~ijejgl

ajxim{~gl9

" h`hiu~ srjg~ v xgvanjbn vemda~bn6 indixevnhwngnx djxrhju{ n `najdnwu{ hdnbnajgfn

ghaurjda~gl mdnbsnje srvhebnmum{~gl6 @ndmvm`ngvahf$ Dnuhrjuxr~ n Fv~ij Smdwinhkm$ Fv~ij

jgnwinhkm9

" dngvaj krxsj jowmd{hau{ {~orjj fjim inhrxahi wuxen{ `ndmvm`n ,ajf{nghf aj

Xan{hrw~uhgnh dwinb$ jdh uh [rmgj{winb$ Fjknhddmwinb.9

"srjiu~in wuxehau{ `ndmvm`nn Xd { u~glh idjwjgl ,gvjwhb ngl jowmd{hau{.9

" evnin `xrugh xwuj{m{hf aj hkvjbnajgl emfrvjmgn { djujgl ?33?$ ?337 n ?335.

v{niwvjj wn ndm xgvan{ {~onhrjfg~gl `ndmvm`n fjim srvhebnmu bjuxrjda~ ,{ mwujuanb

rmix o~m ngl :7.9

" em{njegvhanj v dhigfn ndmvm`nn srm{jevma~gl me rmix wvimdahkm :>>8-:>>0 fjim meroa~

srvhebnmu$ { u~b gm ajfnwumuanhfwvh6 nawsnrm{j~ mah anhf smesnwjahkm$ smdmanwu$ em

shrbjahauahf hexijgfn `ndmvm`ngvahf n smwvhrvhanj i{jdn`nijgfn ,ximgvmah aj Xan{hrw~uhgnh

dwinb wuxenj sme~sdmbm{h v `ndmvm`nn n hu~in.!

NN! [srm{jevhanh6

Jrkxbhau~ vj hexijgf `ndmvm`ngva! Ajfmkdanhfwvh ghdh ajxgvjanj `ndmvm`nn! Imaghsgfj!

Fhdn emimaj wn {~omrx$ um fx anh nevnh wn vj wujehb$ {uhe~ nevnh wn {re dxevn!G~aninhb bmh vmwuj gvm{nhi$ iur~ bj fhea b~d evnhaanh$ ohv uhf erxknhf$ iurj aj u

snhr{wv sjurv~! Gvm{nhi$ iur~ bj uh ajwusah b~dn$ emvajfh { imgx gvhkm ujinhkm$ gm

ajv~{jb gnhanhb b~dn ix srj{evnh! Inhe~ ium b~dn exkm n {~ur{jdh n aj{hu vonfj

smkde~$ {~{rjgj {jrumgn$ { imgx emglmevn em sh{ahkm smrveix! Um {janh ajv~{jb

gnhanhb ix srj{evnh! Imdhfa~ vaji vjs~ujanj fhwu ujin6 sm gm ajb `ndmvm`nj$ fhdn uji

ajsrj{e glmevn m b~dhanh= Srvhgnh aj ijehf naahf dhigfn uh xgv~b~ wn b~dh! [~ejfh

7B! [jdnwin$Vjmhanj srmkrjbx ajxgvjanj ndmvm`nn { id! NN n NNN Dnghxb Mkdamiwvujgghkm$ Onxdhu~a Mdnbsnje~ @ndmvm`ngvahf$ Ar ::$

[jrwvj{j :>>0$ w!00"0>!


3/21

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wn$ h `ndmvm`nj fhwu vo~uhgvaj$ orman gvhkm$ gm n uji wn evnhfh { srmghwnh e~ejiu~gva~b!

x{jjb fheaji$ h b~dhanh anh bmh wn mo~ ohv b~dhanj m b~dhanx! 5

Sm{~wvh wm{j er! _mohruj Snjuj srjka smurjium{j fjim bmuum edj

ajwvingm{jahkm srmkrjbx!

Me sjrx dju aj jbjgl srjw~ ,shrnme~in$ kjvhu~ gmevnhaah. umgv~ wn ijbsjanj aj

uhbju smurvho~ {srm{jevhanj `ndmvm`nn fjim wx{hrhaa~gl n jxumambngva~gl vjf

hexijg~fa~gl { wvimjgl smajeknbajvfjda~gl! Smeirhdjb i{hwun wx{hrhaamgn n

jxumambnn uhkm srvhebnmux { srjiu~gh wvimdahf$ ke~ rmvxbnhb srvhv um anh `ndmvm`n

x{nija { fjinhimd{nhi vjdhamgn emiur~ajdah$ {njumsmkdem{h gv~ smdnu~gvah$ anh fji

fhea {~orja `ndmvm`n$ dhgv `ndmvm`n fjim vrangm{ja n fjih omkju urje~gf ixduxr~ n

b~dn$ iurj evnin sdxrjdnvbm{n {njumsmkdem{hbx n bhumemdmkngvahbx smbjkj xgvanmb

emima~{j wjbmevnhda~gl {~omr{$ megv~u~{j n {~fjanj mujgvjfg~ ajw {nju ,srmodhb~

mau~gvah.$ xgv~ vjwujam{nhanj aje gv~nbn nauhdhiuxjda~bn smwvxin{janjbn$ hm nswm {erjj

em wjbmevnhda~gl nauhdhiuxjda~gl smwvxin{j$ vjuhb iwvujgn aj{~i wuj{njanj nwumua~gl

s~uj n u{rgvhf smimr~ {mohg w~uxjgfn$ { iurhf s~ujanj m{h smvmwujf ohv fheamvajgvahf

mesm{nhevn ,w`hrj hsnwuhbh.! @ndmvm`n vjuhb medhk me xu~dnujra~gl n srjkbju~gva~gl

imaghsgfn smv~u~{nwu~gva~gl ,jdh n anhiur~gl `ndmvm`nn nrrjgfmajdnwu~gva~gl.$ iurj

{wvjih smijvxfg ojrevm wvhrmin mowvjr rvhgv~{nwumgn n rmvbjnuh wsmwmo~ fhf

{~fjanjanj$ aj{nhudjfg v ra~gl shrwshiu~{ srmodhb~ dxevinhkm o~gnj {re n {mohg

smwuxdm{ja~gl srvhv Berg{ o~u{$ xgv~ wxg srj{evnh n emorx " b! na! umdhrjagfn n

mu{jrumgn ,hu~ij$ jaurmsmdmknj$ `ndmvm`nj {jrumgn.! Iurj {rhwvgnh xgv~ berhkm e~wujawx n

smimr~ {mohg {~sm{njejahkm wm{j$ rhv~kajgfn v jrkxbhaux wn~ aj rvhgv wndahkm

jrkxbhaux { e~wixwfn$ rmvbm{nh dxo enjdmkx ,hdhbhau~ dmknin$ rhumr~in$ uji smurvhoah anh

u~dim srv~wv~b srj{animb n smdnumdmkmb.!

[ e~wixwfjgl {mi vrh`mrbm{jahf wvim~ {nhdh wn b{n anh vj{wvh wxwvanh m

srvhrmgnh e~ejiu~gvahkm hag~idmshe~vbx n smurvhonh fhkm v{jdgvjanj ,{ wirjfa~gl xfgnjglevnhaanijrwim"sxodng~wu~gva~gl wsrm{jevj wn um em smwuxdjux iwvujghanj x xgvan{ wjb~gl

xbnhfuamgn ohv anhvoeahkm aj{hu bnanbxb {nhev~.! @ndmvm`nj mohgaj { wvimda~b

ajxgvjanx {~ejfh wn nwumua~b jrkxbhauhb srvhgn{ e~ejiu~gvahbx hag~idmshe~vbm{n$ om

xsrj{njanh `ndmvm`nn fhwu { nwumgnh wsrvhgvah v smfgnhb hag~idmshe~vbx! @ndmvm`nj um wvuxij n

xbnhfuam vevn{nhanj$ xbnhfuam n wvuxij smwurvhhanj srmodhbx ,{ gv~b smbjkj

ojrevnhf nauxngfj an hag~idmshenj.$ me{jkj smwuj{nhanj gvjwhb smvmranh ajn{ahkm "

5_! Snju$ [~{nje edj Kjvhu~ [~omrgvhf$ smr! luus6--wujwvng!jebnasja!{j{!sd-qrsndju-emejuin-`{w-{~{nje!lub


4/21

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s~ujanj$ um wimbsdnim{ja~ srmghw rmvxbm{janj$ `mrbxm{janj lnsmuhv$ we{$ um

xbnhfuam jrkxbhaum{janj$ wvuxij hr~wu~in j uhkm {wv~wuinh bmaj n urvhoj wn xgv~!

Anh bmaj fheajih {~dh{j evnhgij$ gv~u! hrxe~gfn " v isnhd$ edjuhkm { srmghwnh

vemo~{janj u~gl xbnhfuamgnsh{aj emvj hrxe~gfnn um smrveahf$ anh ej wn xir~ " fhwu

smurvhoaj! Edjuhkm srmkrjb vjijej emw~ krxaum{ah vjsmvajanh wn xgvan{ v lnwumrn

b~dn `ndmvm`ngvahf$ b~d ajf{~onuanhfwv~gl fhf srvhewuj{ngnhdn$ j em uhkm anhmevm{ah oevnh

smvajanh {nhdx nwumua~gl uhiwu{ @ndmvm`{$ srv~ajfbanhf {h `rjkbhaujgl$ iwvujghanh

xbnhfuamgn megv~u~{janj vj{jru~gl { angl whaw{! ju{m vjx{j~$ h `ndmvm`nj

{~glmevn { u~b bmbhagnh ajsrvhgn{ {~bjkjanmb$ fjinh ajijej aj jowmd{hau{ wvim~

rheanhf am{j `mrbxj hkvjbnax bjuxrjdahkm v fv~ij smdwinhkm n um anh u~dim { gvgn

wsrj{evjfghf xbnhfuam rmvxbnhanj uhiwux! Vrhwvu anh u~dim hkvjbnax v fv~ij smdwinhkm!

V {nhdx naa~gl jrkxbhau{ vj `ndmvm`n { wvimdh odnwinh fhwu bn srvhimajanh O!

Oxrdnim{winhkm n [! Wmbwinhkm {~rjmah b~d$ h @ndmvm`nj bmh ,!!!. srv~kmum{~{j

xgvanj em gvhanj ajxin v {jrxaijbn {jwahkm em{njegvhanj$ em {njembhkm orjanj

xevnjx { ~gnx {wsdamu~$ ujih bnev~ajrmem{hf$ em xgvhwuangu{j { srmghwnh wsmhgvahf

imbxanijgfn! 8 Anh bmaj anh vkmevn wn vh vejanhb g~um{ja~gl jxumr{$ h `ndmvm`nj fhwu

smbmgaj { rmvhvajanx mdorv~bnhf ndmgn na`mrbjgfn smglmevg~gl v ra~gl evnhevna$ {

{~srjgm{janx {jgn{hf lnhrjrglnn {jrumgn$ { xijv~{janx imawhi{hagfn nauhdhiuxjda~gl

ra~gl imaghsgfn$ { nauhrsrhum{janx rvhgv~{nwumgn {wsgvhwa~gl$ { meajfe~{janx whawx n

{jrumgn gmevnhaa~gl vbjkj!0Srm`! O! Bjrinh{ngv$ jighauxfg {wsjrgnh$ fjinhkm wujrjanmb

bjfg~b aj ghdx {srm{jevhanh `ndmvm`nn em wvi { Smdwgh xevnhdn E~rhiumr khahrjda~

XAHWGM @! Bj~mr;$ jighauxfh rmd `ndmvm`nn { rmvxbnhanx uhrjanhfwvmgn9 fhf vajgvhanh

edj oxem{janj wsmhgvhwu{j fxurj9 v{nvin bnev~`ndmvm`n j ehbmirjgf!$ [jrwvj{j ?333$ w!77!

0

no!$ w! 77!;smr! @! Bj~mr$ J Wglmmd mr @rhhemb$ ms! gnu!$ w! ;7";;!

Onmrg sme x{jk rmvbjnuh imaghsgfh `ndmvm`nn srmkrjb x{vkdeanj hdhbhau~

imaghsgfn idjw~gvahf$ smv~u~{nwu~gvahf ,n ahmsmv~u~{nwu~gvahf.$ sh{ah hdhbhau~ imaghsgfn

dnak{nwu~gvahf$ j ujih imaghsgfn nrrjgfmajdnwu~gvahf ,`ndmvm`nj ~gnj$ hkv~wuhagfjdnvb$

shrwmajdnvb.!

Jxumr srjkanh smgv~lnwumr~gvah smehfgnh em `ndmvm`nn v srmodhbm{~b! B~dhanh

srmodhbm{h sm{naam bnh wmdnea ojv { smwujgn {nhev~ aj uhbju emrmoix nauhdhiuxjdahkm

{~orja~gl `ndmvm`{$ ngl {ijex { ixduxr smwvgvhkda~gl hsmi$ fji n vajgvhanh { lnwumrnn

b~dn dxevinhf! Emu~gv~ um ujih {janhfwv~gl inhrxai{ n sre{ `ndmvm`ngva~gl! Edjuhkm

anhv{~idh {ja rmd oevnh mekr~{j imaujiu xgvanj v mr~knajda~bn ,{ srvhijejgl.

uhiwujbn `ndmvm`ngva~bn$ ngl `rjkbhaujbn$ ajo~{janh xbnhfuamgn gv~ujanj n rmvxbnhanj

evnh `ndmvm`ngva~gl!

X{vkdeanjfg wshg~`ni idjw~ smdnumdmkngvahf$ xvajfh ajwusxfgh srmodhb~ vj

{nmegh { gj~b urv~dhuanb g~idx ajxgvjanj6

j- vjkjeanhanj hsnwuhbmdmknn9

o- fv~i$ rhumr~ij n dmknij ,hdhbhau~.9

g- jaurmsmdmknj$ hdhbhau~ hu~in:39

e- {~orjah vjkjeanhanj `ndmvm`nn smdnu~gvahf9

h- `ndmvm`nj j naah evnhevna~ ixduxr~ ,ajxij$ rhdnknj$ wvuxij$ {njumsmkde$ nehmdmknj n

na!.9

`- xumsnh n jau~xumsnh!

Vajfe wn mah vrhwvu { krxsnh modnkjumr~fa~gl srmodhb{ n vjkjeanh

x{vkdeanma~gl { mwmoa~b vhwuj{nhanx! Mirhdhanh {nmegh mvajgvj { snhr{wv~b

rvevnh wvgvhkda~ ajgnwi smmma~ aj uh vjkjeanhanj { urjignh smvaj{janj smkde{{~orja~gl `ndmvm`{ n b~dngnhdn!

Srmkrjb oxem{ja~ fhwu aj ojvnh smewuj{~ srmkrjbm{hf vj{jruhf { na`mrbjumrvh

bjuxrjda~b v `ndmvm`nn ,?33? r!.$ kevnh vj{jruh w ujih meanhwnhanj em mesm{nheangl jiu{

srj{a~gl n wujaejre~ {~bjkj hkvjbnajg~fa~gl!::

>smr! Vo! Lxdd$M smurvhonh ajxgvjanj ndmvm`nn { wvimjgl rheangl$ {6 Onxdhu~a Mdnbsnje~ @ndmvm`ngvahf Ar :7-:>>;$ w! >;!

:3Hu~ij sm{naaj o~ nbbjahaua~b wijeaninhb hexijgfn `ndmvm`ngvahf! [~meroanhanh hu~in fjim mwmoahkm$ momi rhdnknn$ srvhebnmux{~ejfh wn anhsmrmvxbnhanhb!::

Na`mrbjumr! W~ddjoxw! Bjuxrj v ndmvm`nn ?33?$ [jrwvj{j ?333$ w! ;"


6/21

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NNN! Wurxiuxrj srmkrjbx

Srmkrjb vmwuj smb~dja~ ,wurxiuxrjdnvjgfj. edj urvhgl idjw dnghxb

mkdamiwvujgghkm!

Mrnhaujg~faj dngvoj kmevna srvhvajgvmaj aj rhjdnvjgf urhgn ajxgvjanj { g~idx

urv~dhuanb6


7/21

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bnhwvgvg~gl wn fheajim{m { imaghsgfn `ndmvm`nn idjw~gvahf n naa~gl {wsmbanja~gl

imaghsgfjgl! Hdjwu~gvah smehfgnh {~ejfh wn anhvoeah vh {vkdex aj smuhagfjdanh rah

bmdn{mgn nauhdhiuxjdah xgvan{$ gvhkm v kr~ srvh{nevnh wn anh ej$ naah wshg~`ngvah

x{jrxaim{janj e~ejiu~in wvimdahf!

Anh fhwu$ fji wev$ rvhgv {wijvja ajebnhrah rmvoxem{janh srmkrjbx$

srvhjem{janh km urhgnjbn$ sm~uhgvanhfwvh {~ejfh wn wixsnhanh x{jkn aj ajf{janhfwv~gl

inhrxaijgl `ndmvm`ngva~gl n imaghsgfjgl ajf{janhfwv~gl `ndmvm`{! Um wjbm emu~gv~ i{hwunn

rhjdnvjgfn urhgn srmkrjbm{~gl!

Vjijejb$ h anhiurh urhgn srmkrjbm{h bmaj srvhwxa " as! gv rheanm{nhgvj

v idjw~ : em ?!

Vjijejb smajeum$ h anhiurh v vjkjeanh ,v{jwvgvj `jixduju~{a~gl. bmk o~

rhjdnvm{jah { rjbjgl sdjam{jahkm imj `ndmvm`ngvahkm ,vjfgnj smvjdhig~fah. ux$ { krxsnh

xgvan{ ajfojrevnhf vjnauhrhwm{ja~gl `ndmvm`n$ emshanhanh vajdh bmk ujih anhiurh

urxeanhfwvh dxo ojrevnhf ngl nauhrhwxfgh srmodhb~ urjium{jah fjim `jixduju~{ah!

[ ejdwvhf gvgn srmkrjb x{vkdeanj6

j. urhgn ajxgvjanj!o. ghdh hexijg~fahg. bhume~e. wujaejre~ mwnkanh. imaurmdj n mghaj mwnkan xgvan{ ,h{jdxjgfj.`. smergvanin n rej

NP! Urhgn ajxgvjanj!

Idjwj :

N! [srm{jevhanh em `ndmvm`nn$ srmshehxu~ij:7!

:! Smfgnh `ndmvm`nn! Ajrmevna~ `ndmvm`nn$ rej! S~ujanj `ndmvm`ngvah! ?! Nwumuj$ srvhebnmu$ imaghsgfh `ndmvm`nn! [nhdm n fheam `ndmvm`nn!7! K{ah smfgnj `ndmvm`nn!5! Evnhevna~ `ndmvm`nn! Maumdmknj$ hsnwuhbmdmknj n na!!8! Imaghsgfh srj{e~!

:7Vjkjeanhanj v vjirhwx srmshehxu~in `ndmvm`nn bmaj wimbjwm{j { banhfwvhf ndmgn kmevna!


8/21

! Bhuj`nv~ij$ dmknij n hu~ij Jr~wumuhdhwj!:3!Wumng~! Hu~ij! [ije { rmv{f dmknin!::!Hu~ij Hsnixrj! Gv{rbnja!:?!

Wghsu~g~vbvjwje~ snrrmanvbx!

:7!Sdmu~a n ahmsdjumanvb! [wusm{janh ix Fhean!&:5!{! Jxkxwu~a n srvhv{~gnhanh wghsu~g~vbx! Sme{jdna~ `ndmvm`nnrheanm{nhgvahf!

:8!Smgvuin wglmdjwu~in {! Javhdb!&:0!Axru bnwu~gva~{! Ohrajre!&:;!Wsr m sm{wvhglanin!&


9/21

>

:!Axru~ { `ndmvm`nn rheanm{nhgvahf!&

Idjwj ?

NNN! @ndmvm`nj am{m~uaj

:! Lxbjanvb n `ndmvm`nj rhahwjawm{j ,Bnimjf v Ixv~$ B! @ngnam$ K! Sngm ehddjBnrjaemdj$& B! Imshrani$& K! Orxam$ Hrjvb v _muuhrejbx$ B! eh Bmaujnkah$

@! Ojgma.

?! _! Ehwgjruhw n imawhi{hagfh wex b~d$ {ng fhwuhb! _jgfmajdnvb! 7! O! SjwgjdSmvajfhb~ srj{e anh u~dim rmvxbhb$ jdh n whrghb!5! O! WsnamvjOk fjim ajuxrj u{mrvgj! Sjauhnvb! [mdam!8! Bmajemdmknj K! [! Dhnoanvj! Uhme~ghj! Vjwjej rjgfn emwujuhgvahf!0! @ndmvm`nj smdnu~gvaj U! Lmoohwj!;! F! Dmgih$ K! Ohrihdh~ n E! Lxbhhbsnr~vb! Sme{jhanh vjwje~

srv~gv~am{mgn!

>! F! F! _mxwwhjxshejkmknij$ `ndmvm`nj wsmhgvaj n smdnu~gvaj!:3!N! Ijaus~ujanh m krjangh smvajanj$ `ndmvm`nj urjawghaehaujdaj$ hu~ij!::!M{nhghanh { Smdwgh ,F! n F! anjehgg~$ W! Wujwvng$ L! Imujf$F! I! Wvjanj{win.

:?!Nehjdnvb anhbnhginF! K! @ngluh n @! [! F! Wglhddnak!:7!K! [! @! Lhkhddmknij evnhf{! Hwuhu~ij!:5!Bhwfjanvb smdwin!:8!J! Wglmshljxhrhu~ij$ rmdj wvuxin!:0!W! Inhrihkjjresrhixrwmr `ndmvm`nn hkv~wuhagfjdahf!:5

:5Smkde~ W! Inhrihkjjrej bmaj mb{n rhjdnvxfg srmodhbju~i \\"{nhgvahkm hkv~wuhagfjdnvbx!


10/21

:3

:;!Smv~u~{nvb n hbsnr~vb ,J! Gmbuh$ F! W! Bndd.! Hu~ij Bnddj!:

NP! @ndmvm`nj {wsgvhwaj

:>![! Fjbhw n srjkbju~vb!?3!Ahmijau~vb{~orjan b~dngnhdh$ as! H! Gjwwnrhr$ L! _ngihru!&?:!@! Anhuvwglh fjim `ndmvm` ~gnj! Srvh{jrumgnm{janh {wv~wuingl {jrumgn!_hdju~{nvb! Nehj Ajegvm{nhij!

Idjwj 7!

:! @ndmvm`ngvah jwshiu~ sw~glmjajdnv~ V! @rhxej !?! Lmbm rhdnknmwxw G! K! Fxakj! Jrglhu~s~!7! Sw~glmjajdnvj wsmhgvaj H! @rmbbj!5! Imau~axjumrv~ axrux sw~glmjajdnu~gvahkm!&8! [! Endulh~ j `ndmvm`nj ~gnj!&0! Nauxngfmanvb L! Ohrkwmaj!;! @hambhamdmknj@! Orhaujam$ H! Lxwwhrd n rhexigfj hfehu~gvaj!Urvhgn {~bnjr { `ndmvm`nn B! Bhrdhjx"Smau~hkm!

! B! Wglhdhrhu~ij n `ndmvm`nj ixduxr~! Smfgnh mwmo~!:3!I! Fjwshrw n w~uxjgfh krjangvah!::!Hkv~wuhagfjdnvb F!S! Wjrurhj {mdam!:?!Gjbxwem{njegvhanh jowxrex! Oxau!:7!Hkv~wuhagfjdnvb glrvhgnfjwin K! Bjrghdj!&:5!Ejwhna B! Lhnehkkhrj!:8!D! [nuukhnawuhna$ I! _! Smsshr n Imm [nhehwinh!:0![~orjah srmodhb~ jaurmsmdmknn \\"{nhgvahfas! L! Sdhwahr$ J! Khldha!


11/21

::

:;!Wvimj D{m{wim"[jrwvj{wijI! U{jrem{win$ U! Imujronwin$I! Jfexinh{ngv!&

:

[~orjah srmodhb~ n vjkjeanhanj6

@ndmvm`nj { naa~gl irkjgl ixduxrm{~gl!& rej smvajanj! B~dhanh smumgvah b~dhanh ajxim{h b~dhanh

`ndmvm`ngvah!

Wshg~`nij s~uj `ndmvm`ngva~gl!& Smwvxin{janj jrglh! Gm vajgv~ nwuanh= _ah imaghsgfh o~ux! Kndkjbhwv$ Me~w n naan " sjrjomdh ,bhuj`mr~. smvajanj { dnuhrjuxrvh!& Imaghsgfh srj{e~! Gv~ nwuanhfh srj{ej jowmdxuaj= _jgfmajdnvb j hbsnr~vb! _jgfmajdnvbnrrjgfmajdnvb!

Em{me~ aj nwuanhanh Omkj!

Wsmr~ m krjangh smvajanj! Gvjw n srvhwurvh { nauhrsrhujgfjgl `ndmvm`ngva~gl! @ndmvm`nj j ixduxrj n fhf evnj~!& @ndmvm`nj j nehmdmknj$ {njumsmkde! @ndmvm`nj j rhdnknj! @ndmvm`nj j sw~glmdmknj!&


12/21

:?

@ndmvm`ngvah imaghsgfh sjwu{j! @ndmvm`nj smdnu~gvaj! _mdj xumsnn! Jau~xumsnh!& _humr~ijfhf ghdh n vjejanj! Dmknij n fhf `xaigfh! @ndmvm`nj j fv~i! Vjejanj jaurmsmdmknn n hu~in! Vjejanj hwuhu~in! Smfgnh wvgvgnj! @ndmvm`ngvah uhmrnh bnmgn! _ah imaghsgfh {mdamgn! Dnuhrjginh morjv~ {mdamgn! Gv~ vajfmbm `ndmvm`nn smv{jdj dhsnhf vrmvxbnh n mghan rah srvhfj{~

~gnj wsmhgvahkm n ixduxr~ { \\ n \\N {!=

@ndmvm`nj j srjiu~ij! Gv~ `ndmvm`nj smv{jdj ~ dhsnhf=

P! Ghdh hexijg~fah

Evnhd fh aj mkdah n wvgvhkm{h$ gm dhsnhf morjvxfh$ fji wev$ {jk ajxgvjanj

`ndmvm`nn { hexijgfn wvimdahf n nauhagfh srmkrjbx!

VjNa`mrbjumrhb bjuxrjda~b srv~fbxf ajwusxfgh

j- ghdh mkdah6

:! Iwvujghanh xbnhfuamgn ir~u~gvahkm b~dhanj$ xgvhwuangu{j { enjdmkx$ { u~b

srhvhaujgfn {jwahkm wujam{nwij n fhkm morma~!

?! X{njembnhanh wshg~`nin vjkjeanh `ndmvm`ngva~gl9 ngl khahv~$ rmv{mfx n rmdn

{ ixduxrvh!

7! _mv{f b~dhanj uhmrhu~gvahkm!

5! Xv~win{janh wjbm{nhev~ smsrvhv x{njejbnjanh vjkjeanh hkv~wuhagfjdanh

n bmrjdanh emanmw~gl!:8

Emejb em uhkm6

:8Na`mrbjumr! W~ddjoxw! Bjuxrj v ndmvm`nn ?33?$ [jrwvj{j ?333$ w! ;"


13/21

:7

8! Iwvujum{janh {jrxai{ em u{rgv~gl smwvxin{j xgvan{$ whawm{ahkm

megv~ujanj bnhfwgj { {nhgnh n emima~{janj rjgfmajda~gl {~omr{ ~gnm{~gl!

0! Dhswvh srv~kmum{janh xgvan{ em xevnjx { ~gnx wsmhgva~b$ { am{mgvhwa~b n

smam{mgvhwa~b {nhgnh$ { srmghwjgl wsmhgvahf imbxanijgfn {~irjgvjfg~gl evnwnjf

vehg~em{janh smvj irk ajrmex gv~ {wim smfbm{ja~gl {wsdamu!

;! Iwvujum{janh smwuj{ mu{jru~gl ,{ meanhwnhanx as! em i{hwunn {njumsmkdem{~gl$

nehmdmkngva~gl$ hu~gva~gl$ hwuhu~gva~gl.$ smwuj{~ ir~u~gvahkm e~wujawx {mohg mirhdma~gl

vfj{nwi n xbnhfuamgn oxem{janj smsjru~gl dmkngvaj jrkxbhaujgf lnhrjrglnn {jrumgn!

xmkdanjfghkm {nhev v ra~gl srvhebnmu{!

>! Iwvujghanh wvuxin vjej{janj s~uj$ x{njejbnjanj rmdn vevn{nhanj fjim sr~bjrahf

{ evnhfjgl b~dn dxevinhf!

:3! Iwvujghanh wvuxin b~dhanj m b~dhanx!

o- ghdh wvgvhkm{h6

:! Vjsmvajanh xgvan{ v mirhdma~bn mowvjrjbn lnwumrnn `ndmvm`nn$ emrmoinhbrhsrhvhauju~{a~gl edj smwvgvhkda~gl hsmi b~dngnhdn$ ngl evnhjbn$ wshg~`ni

b~dhanj `ndmvm`ngvahkm!

?! X{njembnhanh xgvanmb mkrmbahf rmdn `ndmvm`nn { iwvujum{janx modngvjixduxr~ irkx wrevnhbambmrwinhkm smsrvhv me{m~{janh wn em mirhdma~gl

imauhiwu{ ixduxrm{~gl!

7! Smwvhrvjanh n smkonjanh {nhev~ m imauhiwujgl nwumua~gl { ajxgvjanx fv~ijsmdwinhkm$ {nhev~ m ixduxrvh$ lnwumrnn$ {nhev~ m wsmhgvhwu{nh n {nhdx naa~gl

srvhebnmu{$ ujih gnw~gl n srv~rmeangv~gl!

5! Vjsmvajanh xgvan{ v hdhbhaujbn fv~ij `ndmvm`nn ,ra~gl fhf axru{. niwvujghanh xbnhfuamgn smwxkn{janj wn anb { ra~gl imauhiwujgle~wg~sdnajra~gl!

8! Emwimajdhanh xbnhfuamgn rmvsjur~{janj uhiwu{ dnuhrjgingl n uhiwu{ixduxr~ { imauhiwujgl `ndmvm`ngva~gl$ hu~gva~gl n hwuhu~gva~gl$ xgvhanh

smkonmahf dhiuxr~ evnh!

0! Srv~w{jfjanh hdhbhau{ {nhdinhf urje~gfn rhumr~gvahf;! Iwvujghanh ixduxr~ bhr~umr~gvahf e~wixwfn$ wvuxin jrkxbhaujgfn$`mrbxm{janj fjwa~gl we{ n {anmwi{!


14/21

:5

>! Iwvujghanh xbnhfuamgn smwxkn{janj wn dnuhrjuxrj rem{!:3!Iwvujghanh wvuxin {~sm{njejanj wn { `mrbnh rmvsrj{in n hwhfx`ndmvm`ngvahkm!

::!Dhswvh srv~kmum{janh xgvanj em {~bmk{ hexijgfn xan{hrw~uhginhf!

PN! Bhume~ ajxgvjanj$ wsmwmo~ mwnkjanj ghd{

_hjdnvm{jah { umix srmghwx e~ejiu~gvahkm bhume~ w ehuhrbnam{jah rmvbjnu~bn

gv~aanijbn6 urhgnjbn ajxgvjanj n wumsanhb ngl urxeamgn$ ghdjbn smwvgvhkda~gl dhigfn$vjnauhrhwm{janhb xgvan{ smwvgvhkda~bn vjkjeanhanjbn$ bmdn{mgnjbn shrghsg~fa~bn

xgvan{$ wumsanhb emwusamgn smergvani{ n bjuhrnj{ rem{~gl!

[ srv~sjeix `ndmvm`nn srmodhb wujam{n anh{usdn{nh orji am{mgvhwahkm smergvanij

srvhvajgvmahkm edj wvim~ rheanhf$ fji n urxeamgn v emujrgnhb srvhv xgvan{ em {~omr{

uhiwu{ `ndmvm`ngva~gl n hu~gva~gl ,aj uhbju smergvani{ smr! gv! N\.!

Jxumr srmkrjbx srv~gl~dj wn em kmwx u~gl$ iurv~ smwuxdxf meglmevhanh {

{jrxaijgl wvimda~gl me bhume~ {~ijex fjim fhe~ahf$:0

anhbanhf {~glmevn v rhjdnwu~gvahkm

vjmhanj$ h aj mirhdmahf dngvonh dhigfn vh {vkdex aj {wijvjah {~hf x{jrxaim{janj

e~ejiu~gvah " {~ije bxwn o~ bhume {nmeg! Srmsmaxf fheaji$ jo~ { ujingl {~sjeijgl

anh {~shanj ma gjmgn dhigfn$ smvmwuj{njfg gvjw aj s~ujanj xgvan{$ e~wixwf gv~

rmvbm{ ,ima{hrwjumrnxb. aj uhbju imairhua~gl vjkjeanh! Em{njegvhanj e~ejiu~gvah

{wijvxf vrhwvu$ h gm ojrevnhf vjjakjm{jan xgvanm{nh gvwum fx { urjignh {~ijex vjejf

s~ujanj ,gvhkm { {~sjeix srvhebnmux$ fjinb fhwu `ndmvm`nj$ anh urjiuxf mgv~{ngnh fjim

rvhgv~ ajkjaahf.!Srmsmaxfh wn vjuhb vrangm{jah bhume~6 urje~g~fah$ {hrojdah$ mkdem{h$ j aj{hu

hdhbhau~ knhr e~ejiu~gva~gl!

Imairhu~vxfg$ bjb aj x{jevh ujinh bhume~$fji6

" {~ije ,srjgm{ani{ ajxim{~gl$ { u~b aj uhrhanh xgvhdan$ {~ije ajxgv~gnhdj.

" e~wixwfj

" ima{hrwjumrnxb

:0smr! {~sm{nhevn { evnjdh@ndmvm`nj { wvimdh{ Onxdhu~ajgl Mdnbsnje~ @ndmvm`ngvahf n Mdnbsnjevnh

@ndmvm`ngvahf!


15/21

:8

" {~sm{nhevn xwuah n snwhbah xgvan{

" vjsrmfhium{jaj ehojuj `ndmvm`ngvaj

" {ngvhanj ,dmknij$ hr~wu~ij$ rhumr~ij.

" rh`hrju

"srjgj vhwsmm{j$msrjgm{~{janh srvhv xgvan{ srmfhiu{ n rh`hrm{janh ngl {~ani{

" wuxenm{janh uhiwu{ rem{~gl

" gv~ujanh n mbj{njanh rmvsrj{hi n hwhf{ xgvanm{wingl

" {~imrv~wujanh ajkrja~gl bjuhrnj{ `ndbm{~gl ,as! {~ije~ D! Imjim{winhkm$ srmkrjb~

hexijg~fah m urhgnjgl `ndmvm`ngva~gl$ hu~gva~gl$ hwuhu~gva~gl.

" {~imrv~wujanh { hexijgfn sm{ja~gl {nur~a `ndmvm`ngva~gl { Nauhrahgnh ,smdwingl$

jaknhdwingl$ jbhr~ijwingl.$ emgnhrjanh em bjuhrnj{ rem{~gl srvhv Nauhrahu

" {~imrv~wujanh aj dhigfjgl evnh dnuhrjgingldxo ngl `rjkbhau{ ,u~sx Mormaj Wmirjuhwj V!

Lhrohruj.

" {~imrv~wujanh gvjwmsnwb `ndmvm`ngva~gl dxo jru~ix{ m urhgnjgl `ndmvm`ngva~gl v naa~gl

reh gvjwmsnbnhaangv~gl

" srjgj v xgvanhb vemda~bsrv~kmum{janj em Mdnbsnje~ @ndmvm`ngvahf n na! imaixrw{

srvhebnmum{~gl!

PNN! Mwnkangnj$ wujaejre~ mwnkan

Smejf fh vjNa`mrbjumrhb bjuxrjda~b!

Mwnkangnj

Xbnhfuam xgvhwuangvhanj { e~wixwfn$ { u~b6

xbnhfuam srhvhaum{janj {jwahkm wujam{nwij xbnhfuam wuj{njanj s~uj n mesm{njejanj aj s~ujanj xbnhfuam jrkxbhaum{janj

Wujaejre~ {~bjkj

Xgvh sm{nanha6

:. {~ijvj wn vajfmbmgn6

j. smewuj{m{~gl smf `ndmvm`ngva~gl$


16/21

:0

o. vjkjeanh u~sm{~gl edj smewuj{m{~gl evnhevna `ndmvm`nn6

maumdmknn$ uhmrnn smvajanj n hu~in$

g. smkde{ n `rjkbhau{ evnh ajf{~onuanhfwv~gl `ndmvm`{

hxrmshfwingl$

e. smewuj{m{~gl imaghsgfn n axru{ `ndmvm`nn hxrmshfwinhf$

?. wumwm{j smwnjeja {nhev$ jo~6

j. rmvxbnh rah imaghsgfh `ndmvm`ngvah n smkde~ `ndmvm`{$

o. smr{a~{j rah smkde~ `ndmvm`ngvah$

g. emwurvhkj n rmvxbnh v{nvin `ndmvm`nn v ajxi n ixduxr$

e. emwurvhkj n rmvxbnh rmd `ndmvm`nn { mirhdjanx bnhfwgj

gvm{nhij {h {wsgvhwa~b {nhgnh$

h. `mrbxm{j u~sm{h edj axrux `ndmvm`ngvahkm s~ujanj v

vjirhwx maumdmknn$ uhmrnn smvajanj n hu~in$

`. `mrbxm{j vkmeah v eja~b axruhb `ndmvm`ngva~b

mesm{nhevn aj smewuj{m{h s~ujanj v vjirhwx maumdmknn$ uhmrnn

smvajanj n hu~in$

k. meranj smkde `ndmvm`ngva~ ,uhiwu rem{~. me fhkm

nauhrsrhujgfn$

7. jajdnvm{j uhiwu~ `ndmvm`ngvah6

j. mrbxxfg smrxwvjah srvhv jxumr{ uhiwu{ srmodhb~$

o. me{mxfg wn em {nhev~ m smkdejgl `ndmvm`{$

g. smwxkxfg wn uhrbnajbn n smfgnjbn `ndmvm`ngva~bn$

5. wjbmevnhdanh srvhsrm{jevn rmvxbm{janh aj smeja~ uhbju6

j. srhvhauxfg {jwah wujam{nwim n ormang km$

o. {~ijvxfg wn xbnhfuamgn dmkngvahf jrkxbhaujgfn$

g. me{mxfg wn em smvaja~gl smkde{ `ndmvm`ngva~gl$

e. smdhbnvxfg v ra~bn wujam{nwijbn `ndmvm`{!:;

PNNN! Imaurmdj mwnkan$ h{jdxjgfj

Srvhebnmuhb mgha~ v `ndmvm`nn sm{nanha o~ wumsnh srv~w{mfhanj wmonh srvhv xgvanj

vjkjeanh$ m iur~gl bm{j { wujaejrejgl!

:;Na`mrbjumr! W~ddjoxw! Bjuxrj v ndmvm`nn ?33?$ ms! gnu!$ w!


17/21

:;

Srmkrjb ananhfwv~ fhwu$ fji fx vjvajgvmam$ `mrbxm{ja~ { v{nvix v hiwshr~bhauhb

shejkmkngvam"e~ejiu~gva~b$ iur~ bj o~ srvhsrm{jevma~ { idjwnh m rmvwvhrvhanx

smdnumdmkngvam"`ndvm`ngva~b me rmix wvimdahkm ?338-?330$ n smwuj{nma ujb lnsmuhv!

Idxgvm{h vajgvhanh vjuhb edj smwvgvhkda~gl hujs{ ajxin bj vjsrmsmam{jaj whrnj

wsrj{evnja{ xbnhfuamgn { g~idx urv~dhuanb! VjSrmfhiuhbedj uhf idjw~ sm{urv vjuhb6

Ajrvevnj smbnjrx e~ejiu~gvahkm { hiwshr~bhagnh um { snhr{wv~b rvevnh

msrjgm{jah {wsdanh v Nawu~uxuhb @ndmvm`nn Xan{hrw~uhux dwinhkm uhwu~6

j- uhwu wsrj{evjfg~ mkda {nhev `ndmvm`ngva ,`ndmvm`ngvam"ixduxrm{. n vajfmbm

uhrbna{ n smf srvhv xgvan{9

o- uhwu wsrj{evjfg~ wvgvhk~ {nhev~as! emu~gvg~ hdhbhau{ fv~im{hf {nvfn

{njuj dxo {jrumgn9

g- uhwu aj xbnhfuam rmvxbnhanj uhiwux `ndmvm`ngvahkm9

e- wsrj{evnja xbnhfuamgn {~sm{njejanj wn { `mrbnh hwhfx `ndmvm`ngvahkm!

Vjijejb$ h emijeanh uh wjbh uhwu~ ,imaurmdah.$ iurhsrvhsrm{jevn wn aj wujrgnh { id! :$

vmwuja sm{urvmah { id! 7$ jdh { uhfh idjwnh$ aj vjimgvhanh srmghwx hexijgfn$ xgvanm{nh

vbnhrv wn emejuim{m v uhwujbn uhkm wjbhkm u~sx$ m {niwv~b fheaji smvnmbnh urxeamgn!

Bjuhrnj smr{aj{gv~6

uh wjbh uhwu~ n { u~gl wjb~gl uhrbnajgl srvhsrm{jevmah vmwuja { {~dmwm{jahf idjwnh

r{amdhkhf$ gm {~bjkj oevnh x{vkdeanhanj { srmkrjbnh uhf idjw~ mi! :3 kmevna ,{ gnkx

7 dju.! [~anin uhwu{ { krxsnh smr{aj{gvhf wx~ oe {~gvanh smurvhomb

hiwshr~bhaux!

Vjijej wn srvhsrm{jevhanh { wvimdh sroahkm hkvjbnax bjuxrjdahkm v `ndmvm`nn

,edj vjnauhrhwm{ja~gl xgvan{.!

Uhrbna~ srvhsrm{jevhanj uhwu{6

id! :whbhwur N ,{rvhwnh.

id! ?whbhwur NN ,gvhr{nhg.uhwu~ imaurmdah emu~gvgh {~orja~gl {wijani{

id! 7whbhwur NN ,dxu~-bjrvhg.uhwu~ imgm{h

Srmkrjb vjijej mgv~{ngnh wuj imaurmd mwnkan xgvan{$ j smewuj{ mghanjanj

oe wujam{n

{~sm{nhevn xwuah n snwhbah xgvanj xevnj { e~wixwfjgl n ehojujgl rh`hrju~ n naah {~wusnhanj


18/21

:.$Lnwumrnn `ndmvm`nn vjglmeanhf ,rhe! _! Smsina.$ H! Kndwmaj$ U! Djakjaj n J! J! Bjxrhrj$

Lnwumrnn `ndmvm`nn {wsgvhwahf$ M! Lm``hkm$ Bjhf lnwumrnn `ndmvm`nn ,[jrwvj{j ?335.Bnev~

bnuhb j dmkmwhb! Hxrmshfwin smergvani `ndmvm`nn$ sme! rhe! O! J! Bjrinh{ngv ,[jrwvj{j

?333. dxo { srv~sjeix srmodhb{ hu~gva~gl em J! BjgNau~rhjIruinhf lnwumrnn hu~in dxo

P! F! OmxrihkmLnwumrnn hu~in! [ meanhwnhanx em `ndmvm`nn {wsgvhwahf {jah vjejanh wshan

bmh smergvani J! Bnwnj$@ndmvm`nj {wsgvhwaj$ bmaj uh {~imrv~wuj `rjkbhau~

urxeahkm smergvanij J! F! J~hrj$@ndmvm`nj { \\ {nhix! Nwuanhfh wsmrj ndm emor~gl

wm{ani{ `ndmvm`ngva~gl n {~ej{angu{ hag~idmshe~gva~gl$ { u~b wvimda~gl! V jaumdmknn

srh`hrm{jah oe6 O! Bjrinh{ngv$@ndmvm`nj edj wvim~ rheanhf ,[jrwvj{j :>>;$ {~ejanh

smwvhrvmah fhwu fx { gjmgn anhemwusah. mrjv B! mfij$ Uhiwu~ `ndmvm`ngvah edj xgvan{

wvi rheangl ,[jrwvj{j :>>5. n S! Pjre~$ S! Krmwgl$Hu~ij,Smvaj :>>8.!

Anh{usdn{ smbmg { emujrgnx em `rjkbhau{ nwumua~gl snwb `ndmvm`ngva~gl oevnh

Nauhrahu vh {vkdex aj `xaigfmaxfgh { anb vajimbnuh {nur~a~ `ndmvm`ngvah!

Anhmghanmah {wijv{in vj{nhrj wujdh jiuxjdnvm{ja~ vhwuj{ smv~gfn onodnmkrj`ngva~gl

{ Mdnbsnjevnh @ndmvm`ngvahf$ iur~ smv{jdjb wmonh { u~b bnhfwgx srv~umgv~ :


19/21

:>

J! Smergvanin n wm{anin

Jfexinh{ngv I!$Vjkjeanhanj n inhrxain `ndmvm`nn,rah {~ejanj.!

Odjgioxra W!$ Miw`mrevin wm{ani `ndmvm`ngva~$ [jrwvj{j :>>

Gmsdhwuma @!$Lnwumrnj `ndmvm`nn ,imdhfah umb~.!

Ebowij N!$Vjr~w lnwumrnn `ndmvm`nn krhginhf,rah {~ejanj.!

@ndmvm`nj! Smewuj{m{h s~ujanj$ ,rhe!. H! Bjruhaw$ L! Wglaehdojgl$ [jrwvj{j :>>8!

@ndmvm`nj \\ {nhix$ ,rhe!. V! Ixehrm{ngv$ [jrwvj{j ?33?!

Lnwumrnj nehn smdnu~gva~gl$ {~or uhiwu{$ [jrwvj{j ?33:!

Fjrrj H!$Lnwumrnj smdwinhf `ndmvm`nn smdnu~gvahf :500:;>8$ Dmae~a :>0

Irminh{ngv J!$Vjr~w `ndmvm`nn krhginhf,me Ujdhwj em Sdjumaj.$ [jrwvj{j :>;:!

Ixavbjaa S!$ Oxrijre @! S! [nhebjaa @!$Judjw `ndmvm`nn$ [jrwvj{j :>>>!

Dhiw~ima `ndmvm`ngva~ edj bmevnh~$ L! Ehd`$ F! KhmrkDjxhr$ Gl! Ljgihahwgl$

B! Dhbgih$ [jrwvj{j :>>0!

Dhiw~ima `ndmvm`nn idjw~gvahf$ Dxodna :>>;!

Dhiw~ima S[A$ @ndmvm`nj$ [jrwvj{j ?333!

BjgNau~rh J!$Iruij lnwumrnj hu~in$ [jrwvj{j ?33?!

Bjrinh{ngv O!$@ndmvm`nj$ u! NNNN$ [jrwvj{j :>>>!

Bnev~ bnuhb j dmkmwhb! Hxrmshfwin smergvani `ndmvm`nn$ ,rhe.! O! J! Bjrinh{ngv$ [jrwvj{j

?333!

Bn J!$ K{ah axru~ `ndmvm`nn {wsgvhwahf$ [jrwvj{j :>>8!

Miw`mrevij ndxwurm{jaj lnwumrnj `ndmvm`nn$ Smvaj ?33:!

Sj{dngj F!$Smewuj{m{h smfgnj hu~in$ Irji{ :>>5!

Srvh{meani sm hu~gh$ ,rhe!. S! Wnakhr$ [jrwvj{j :>>

_hjdh K!$Lnwumrnj `ndmvm`nn wujrm~uahf$ u! NNNN$ Dxodna :>>0$ :>>>!

Wnimrj J!$ Wsmuijanj v `ndmvm`n,rah {~ejanj.!

Wm{ani `ndmvm`nn$ ,rhe!. F! Ljrubja$ Irji{ ?335!

Wm{ani smf `ndmvm`ngva~gl$ ,rhe!. [! Irjfh{win$ [jrwvj{j :>>0!

Wusnh J!$ [wus em `ndmvm`nn$ ,rah {~ejanj.!

Wurj{wma S!@!$Jajdnu~ij n bhuj`nv~ij! [wus em `ndmvm`nn$ Irji{ :>>5!

W{nhj{win W!$Evnhfh hxrmshfwinhf `ndmvm`nn idjw~gvahf$ [jrwvj{j ?333!

Wvjgin F!$Lnwumrnj b~dn wmgfmdmkngvahf$ u! N$ NN$ ,rah {~ejanj.!

Wv~bjahi I!$ Wvuxij jrkxbhaujgfn! Wm{ani uhrbnamdmkngva~$ [jrwvj{j ?333!Ujujrinh{ngv [!$Lnwumrnj `ndmvm`nn$ u! NNNN$ ,rah {~ejanj.!


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?3

Uhnglbja F!$ Hpjaw I!G!$@ndmvm`nj! Srvh{meani edj smgvuixfg~gl$ [jrwvj{j :>>5!

Vjr~w evnhf{ `ndmvm`nn smdwinhf ::0>!

Gjrxw S!$Ajxij Oxee~$ [jorv~gl :>>:!

Gl{hehgvxi O! ,rhe!.@ndmvm`nj xb~wx$ [jrwvj{j :>>8!

Ejfgvhr U!$Oxee~vb { w{hf wshg~`ngh n meroamgn {mohg glrvhgnfjwu{j$

[jrwvj{j :>>7!

Enmkhahw Djhrunmw$~{mu~ n smkde~ w~aa~gl `ndmvm`{,rah {~ejanj.!

Hdnjeh B!$ Wjgrxb$ bnu$ lnwumrnj$ ,rah {~ejanj.!

@nxu N!W!$ Gvm{nhi {hexk Jdohruj Gjbxwj$ Irji{ :>>7!

Kjfej F!$ Uhmrnh {jrumgn { `ndmvm`nn srvhesdjumwinhf$ [rmgj{ :>>?!

Kndwma H!$Hdhbhau~ `ndmvm`nn glrvhgnfjwinhf$ [jrwvj{j :>07!

Kndwma H!$ [srm{jevhanh em ajxin {! Jxkxwu~aj$ [jrwvj{j :>87!

Lmrah~ I!$Am{h ermkn { sw~glmjajdnvnh$ [jrwvj{j :>;5!

Nakjreha _!$V ojej aje `ndmvm`n {wsgvhwa$ [jrwvj{j :>07!

Fv~i { {nhudh ajxin$ ,rhe!. O! Wujamwv$ [jrwvj{j :>>

Imjim{win D!$@ndmvm`nj smv~u~{nwu~gvaj! Me Lxbhj em Imj [nhehwinhkm$

[jrwvj{j :>00!

Imjim{win D!$ K{ah axru~ bjriwnvbx$ ,rah {~ejanj.!

Irjfh{win [!$ Srj{j ajxin$ [jrwvj{j :>>

IrjxvhOjglm{ngv I!$Dhnoanv6 {gvhwah smfgnh wxowujagfn$ Onj~wumi :>>?!

Irminh{ngv J!$Jr~wumuhdhw$ Snrrma$ Sdmu~a$ [jrwvj{j :>;5!

Irminh{ngv J!$ Wmirjuhw$ [jrwvj{j :>8

Irmwin U!$_mv{jjanj {mi Lhkdj$ [jrwvj{j :>03!

Ixehrm{ngv V!$Lhkhd n fhkm xgvanm{nh$ [jrwvj{j :>;0:!


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Srvh{meani sm dnuhrjuxrvh `ndmvm`ngvahf \\ {!$ ,rhe!. O! Wijrkj$ u! NP$

[jrwvj{j :>>5:>>;!

Zxnah [!P!M!$ Krjangh {nhev~$ [jrwvj{j :>;:!

_xwwhdd O!$Evnhfh `ndmvm`nn Vjglmex$ [jrwvj{j ?333!

Wnhbhi B! F! ,rhe!.$Ermkn {wsgvhwahf `ndmvm`nn$ [jrwvj{j :>;0!

Wnimrj J!$ Um{njwin n rmvuhrin rmbjau~vbx$ ,rah {~ejanj.!

Wijrkj O!$ Gvjw n ur{janh! Wuxenj m Ohrkwmanh$ [jrwvj{j :>

Michał Waliński Program autorski nauczania filozofii w liceum ogólnokształcącym

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