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try~6b1. CONTENTS

Itroclamation No. 211/2000hlf':~ <h'I'C~f(?i/na:H{ t~'9" Institution of the Ombudsman Establishment

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PROCLAMATION NO, 211/2000A PROCLAMATION TO PROVIDE FOR THE

ESTABLISHMENT OF THE INSTITUTIONOF THE OMBUDSMAN

WHEREAS, the immense sacrifice paid by the peopleof Ethiopia, in the protracted struggle they waged with a viewto securing political power and to realizing the rule of law,calls for taking the due measure of laying the foundation forgood governance, by way of setting up an easily accessibleme~ns for the prevention or rectification of administrativeabuses arbitrarily committed against citizens;

WHEREAS, the interlinkage ofthe activities, and ofthedecision-making power, of executive organs of governmentwith the daily lives and the rights of citizens is an ever-in-creasing and widening circumstance;

WHEREAS, it is necessary to duly rectify or prevent theunjust decisions and orders of executive organs and officialsthereof, given under said circumstance;

WHEREAS, in order that citizens, having suffered frommaladministration, are not left without,redress, their want foran institution before which they may complain and seekremedies with easy access needs to be fulfille~;

WHEREAS, the legislature, as a representative of thepeople, has the responsibility to ensure that the executiveorgan carries out its functions in accordance with the law andthat its administrative decisions are not rendered in violationof citizens' rights;

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Federal egarit Gazeta - No. 41 4lhJuly, 2000-Page 1368

WHE

1;AS, with a view to enhancing the principle

thereof, it is ound necessary to establish, and to determine thepowers and uties of, the Office of Ombudsman, as one of theparliamentary institutions instrumental in the control of theoccurrence of maladministration;

NOW, THEREFORE, in accordance with of Article 55(I) and (15) of the Constitution, it is hereby proclaimed asfollows:

PART ONEGeneral Provisions

I. Short TitleThis Proclamation may be cited as the' 'Institution ofthe Ombudsman Establishment Proclamation No.21112000. "

2. DefinitionsUnless the context reqUires otherwise, in thisProclamation:I) "Appointee" means the Chief Ombudsman, the

Deputy Chief Ombudsman or an Ombudsman, at thelevel of a branch office or who follows up the affairsof children and women appointed in accordance withthis Proclamation;

2) "Staff" includes department heads, professionalsand the support staff of the Institution;

3) "Family Member" means a person of relation byconsanguinity or affinity, in accordance with theCivil Code of Ethiopia;

4) "House" means the House of Peoples' represen-tatives of the Federal Democratic Republic ofEthiopia;

5) "Maladministration" includes acts committed, ordecisions given, by executive government organs, incontravention of administrative laws, the labour lawor other laws relating to administration;

6) "Official" means an elected representative or anappointee or offi<;ial of an executive governmentorgan;

7) "Person" means any natural or juridical person;8) "Region" means any of those specified under

Article 47(1) of the Constitution of the FederalDemocratic Republic of Ethiopia and, for thepruposes of this Proclamation, includes the AddisAbaba City Administration and the Dire DawaAdministration;

9) "Government" means the Federal, or a RegionalG vernment;

10) "ublic Enterprise" means a production, dis-t ibution, service rendering or other enterprise,u der the ownership of the Federal or a Regional

overnment;11) " overnment Office" means a Ministry, a Com-

ission, an Authority, an Agency, an Institute ora yother government office;

12) "nvestigator" means a staff assigned, by the Chiefmbudsman, to conduct an investigation;

13) "xecutive Organ" includes a government officea public enterprise as well as organs rendering

ministrative or related services within thediciary or the legislature;aw" includes the Constitution of the Federal

Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, the Constitutionof a Region as well as federal or regional laws andregulations.

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3. EstablishmentI) The Institution of the Ombudsman (hereinafter

referred to as' 'the Institution") is hereby establishedas an autonomous organ of the federal Governmenthaving its own juridical personality.

2) The Institution shall be accountable to tile House.

4. ScopeI) The Provisions of this Proclamation set out in the

masculine gender shall also apply to the femininegender.

2) This Proclamation shall also apply to maladminis-tration committed by the executive organs, andofficials thereof, of a Regional Government.

5. ObjectiveThe objective of the Institution shall be to see to bringingabout good governance that is of high quality, efficientand transparent, and are based on the rule of law, by wayof ensuring that citizens' rights and benefits provided forby law are respected by organs of the executive.

6. Powers and DutiesThe Institution shall have the powers and duties to:I) supervise that administrative directives issued, and

decisions given, by executive organs and the prac-tices thereof do not contravene the constitutionalrights of citizens and the law as well;

2) receive and investigate complaints in respect ofmaladministration;

3) conduct supervision, with a view to ensuring that theexecutive carries out its functions in accordance withthe law and to preventing maladministration;

4) seek remedies in case where it believes that malad-ministration has occurred;

5) undertake studies and research on ways and means ofcurbing maladministration;

6) make recommendations for the revision of existinglaws, practices or directives and for the enactment ofnew laws and fQrmulation of policies, with a view tobringing about better governance;

7) perform such other functions as are related to itsobjective.

7. Limitation of PowerThe Institution shall have no power to investigate:I) decisions, given by Councils established by election,

in their legislative capcity;2) cases pending in courts of Law of any level;3) matters under investigation by the Office of the

Auditor-General; or4) decisions given by Security Forces and units of the

. Defence Forces, in respect of m~tters of nationalsecurity or defence.

8. Organization of the InstitutionThe Institution shall have:I) a Council o~e Ombudsman2) (a) a Chief Oqibudsman;

(b) a Deputy (;~hiefOmbudsman;(c) an Ombud~'an heading the children and

women affairs;(d) Ombudsmen heading branch offices; and(e) the necessary staff.

9. Head OfficeThe Institution shall have its Head Office in Addis Ababaand it may have branch offices in other places to bedetermined by the House.

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1O. Appoi tment

!1) The I Chief Ombudsman, the Deputy Chief Ombuds-

I

man and other Ombudsmen shall be appointed by theHouse.

2) The appointment of the Chief Ombudsman, theDeputy Chief Ombudsman and of other Ombuds-men shall be made as under the following procedure:

(a) the appointees shall be recruited by a Nominationcommittee to be formed pursuant to Article IIhereunder;

(b) the nominees shall have to receive the support ofa two-thirds vote of the members of the Commit-tee;

(c) the list of nominees shall be presented to theHouse, by the Speaker, to be voted upon;

(d) the nominees shall be appointed upon receipt of atwo-thirds vote of the House.

11. Composition of the Nomination CommitteeThe Nomination Committee shall have the followingmembers:1) the Speaker of the House Chairperson2) the Speaker of the House of the

Federation .Member( s)3) five members to be elected by the House

from among members ............................4) two members of the House to be elected

by joint agreement of opposition partieshaving seats in the House ,...........

5) the President of the Federal SupremeCourt. .....

"

12. Oiteria for AppointmentAny per~on who:I) is loyal to the Constitution of the Federal Democratic

Republic of Ethiopia;2)- is trained in law, administration or other relevant

discipline or has acquired adequate knowledgethrough experience;

3) is reputed for his diligence, honesty and goodconduct;

4) has not been convicted for a criminal offence otherthan petty offence;

5) is Ethiopian National6) is of enough good health to assume the post; and7) is above thirty-five years of age;may be appointed as an Ombudsman.

13. AccountabilityI) The Chief Ombudsman shall be accountable to the

House.2) The Deputy Chief Ombudsman and other Ombuds-

men shall be accountable to the Chief Ombudsman.14. Tenn of Office

I) The term of office of an appointee shall be five years.2) Upon expiry of the term of office specified under

sub-Article (1) of this Article, an appointee may bere-appointed.

3) An appointee discharged from responsibility orrem'bved from office, as under Article 15( I) hereun-der,;shall not, unless reappointed, assume a post inlegislative, executive and judicial organs for aboutsix months thereafter.

.,~. iii'l:t~r."ii t...I!..('.A '1:J(,:" :m.t'l "1'rC ~;ii (I); ?;'~ .,.'} II!f.j!{ 'i'?'" Federal Negarit Gazeta - No. 41 4thJuly, 2000-Page 1371

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15. Grounds for Removal of an AppointeeI) An appointee may be removed from office or

discharged from respopsibility upon the followingcircumstances: I

(a) upon resignation, subject to a three-month priorwritten notice;

(b) where it is ascertained that he is incapable ofproperly discharging his duties due to illness;

(c) where he is foun~ to be corrupt or to havecommitted other unlawful act;

(d) where it is ascertAined that he is of manifestincompetence;

,

(e) upon termination of his term of office.2) Within six months of the removal or discharge of an

appointee, as under Sub-Article (1) of this Article,another appointee shall be made to replace him.

16. Procedure for Removal of an AppointeeI) An appointee shall be removed from office, upon the

grounds specified under Article IS Sub Article (l)(b)-(d) herein, subsequent to investigation of thematter by a Special Inquiry Tribunal to be formedunder Article 17 hereof.

2) An appointee shall be removed from office where theHouse finds that the recommendation submitted to it,as supported by the majority vote of the SpecialInquiry Tribunal, is correct and where it upholdssame by a two-thirds majoirty vote.

17. Composition of the Special Inquiry TribunalThe special Inquiry Tribunal shall have the followingmembers:I) the Deputy Speaker ofthe House Chairperson2) the Deputy speaker of the House of

Federation ...Member(s)3) three members to be elected by the House "4) a member of the House to be elected

by joint agreement of opposition partieshaving seats in the House "

5) the Vice-President of the Federal SupremeCourt. "".""'.."..'

".18. Prohibition to Engage in Other Employment

I) An appointee shall not be allowed to engage in othergainful, public or private employment during histerm of office.

2) Notwithstanding the provisions of Sub-Article (1)of this Article, the House may allow otherwise inconsideration of the particular profession in whichthe appointee is required to make contribution.

.

PART TWOPowers And Duties Of Appointees

19. Powers and Duties ofthe ChiefOmbudsmanI) The Chief Ombudsman shall be the superior head of

the Institution and, as such, shall exercise the powersand duties of the Institution provided for under thisProclamation.

2) Without prejudice to the generality stated underSub-Article (1) of this Article, the Chief Ombuds-man shall:(a) employ and administer the staff, in accordance

with the directive to be adopted by t.he Councilof the Ombudsmen.

(b) prepare and directly submit, to the House, thebudget of the Institution and implement sameupon approval;

(c) transfer a case, where he has sufficient grounds,from one investigation section or investigator toanother or to himself, orland investigate a caseof maladministration occurring anywhere;

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Federal Negarit Gazeta - No. 41 4lhJuly 2000-Page 1372

(d) undertake study of recurrent cases of malad-ministration and forward together withremedial proposals to the House;

(e) prepare and submit draft administrativelegislations, give his opinion on those preparedotherwise;

(t) submit a report, to the House, on matters ofmaladministration and on the activities of theInstitution;

(g) take part in meetings by way of representing theInstitution, establish working relations withFederal and Regional government organs as

'

I

' well as with non-governmental organizations;(h) organize, as well as coordinate, and follow up

I the activities of branch offices;(i) undertake such other activities as are assigned to.

him by the House.3) The Chief Ombudsman may, to the extent necessary

for the efficient performance of the Institution,delegate part of his powers and duties, other thanthose specified under Sub-Article (2)(b),(e) and (f)of this Article, and Article 35(2), to Ombudsmen orto other officials of the Institution.

20. Powers and Duties of the Deputy Chief OmbudsmanPursuant to directives given from the Chief Ombudsman,the Deputy Chief Ombudsman shall:I) assist the Chief Ombudsman in planning, or-

gaqizing, directing and coordinating the activities ofthel head office of the Institution;

2) u~dertake the activities of the Chief Ombudsman inthe!absence of the latter;

3) c~rty out such other activities as may be assinged tohim by the Chief Ombudsman.

21. Powers and Duties of Ombudsmen of Branch OfficesIn addition to exercising the powers and duties of theInstitution specified under Article 6 of this Proclamationwithin the local jurisdiction of a branch office, anOmbu~sman shall, as the superior head of a branchoffice,' have the following powers and duties:I) to' ensure that administrative and other laws,

regulations, and directives, are observed;2) to, ~ransfer an administrative case from one inves-

ti&ation section or investigator to another or tocOlnduct the investigation himself, where it has ag~od cause;

3) to

~

submit, to the Chief Ombudsman and to theg vernment of the Region wherein it is situate, ade ailed report on matters of maladministration;

4) to Iforward proposals for the revision of laws andpr~~tices inconsistent with principles of good gover-nance;

5) to Ipirect the branch office, in accordance withdi~dctivesgiven from the Institution;

6) to '~ffect payments in accordance with the budgetallbFated to the branch office;

7) to ~stablish working relations, as a representative ofth

~f..

ranch office, with Regional .go~ernment org~nsan , non-governmental organizatIons operatmgwi~in its local jurisdiction;

8) to perform such other functions as are assigned tohim by the Chief Ombudsman.

!

PART THREERules Of Procedure Of The Institution!

22. The Right to Lodge ComplaintsI) A complaint may be lodged by a person claiming to

have suffered from maladministration or, by hisspouse, family member, his representative or by athird aprty.

"~. ?ii'i.i:¥.f.>i: /...,~..I..A '1;)/.:,. ;JJLfI, ":'I'C ~lI (t~ ~ 4" I!!f.,g ~'9'" Federal Negarit Gazeta - No. 41 4lhJuly, 2000-Page 1373

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2) The Institution may, in consideration of the gravityof the maladministration committed, receiveanonymous complaints.

3) Prior to lodging a complaint with the Institution inrespect of an act of maladministration from whichhe has suffered, any person shallbring the complaintbefore the relevant organs.

4) Without prejudice to the provision~)f Article 7hereof, the right to lodge complaints, as under thisProclamation shall be no bar to the institution ofcriminal or civil proceedings over the same case.

5) The Institution shall receive and investigate com-plaints free of any charge.

23. Lodging Complaints1) A complaint may be lodged with the Institution

orall y, in writing, or in any other manner.2) Complaints shall, to the extent possible, be submit-

ted together with supporting evidence.3) Complaints may be made in Amharic or in the

working language of the Region.

24. Investigation1) The Institution may conduct investigation on the

basis of complaints submitted to it.2) The Institution shall have the power to conduct

investigation on its own initiation, where it so findsit necessary.

25. Ordering the Production of EvidenceIn order to undertake necessary examination within areasonable time, the Institution may order that:1) those complained against appear for question or that

they submit their defence;2) witnesses appear, and give their testimony;3) any person in possession of evidence relevant to the

case, produce same.

26. Remedies1) The Institution shall make all the. effort it can

summon to settle, a complaint brought before itamicably. '

2) It shall notify, in writing, the findings of itsinvestigation and its opinion thereon, to the superiorhead of the concerned organ and to the complainant.

3) The remedy proposed by the Institution, pursuant toSub-Article (2) of this Article, shall expressly statethat the act or practice having caused the malad-ministration be discontinued, or that the directivehaving caused same be rendered inapplicable, andthat the maladministration committed be rectified,or that any other appropriate measure be taken.

4) Complaints submitted to the Institution shall beaccorded due response, within a short period oftime.

The Right to Objectl) Any complainant or accused shall have the right to

object to the appointee or official next in hierarchywhere he is aggrieved by a remedy proposed by asubordinate appointee, or official of the Institution,within one month from the time he is notified, inwriting, of such proposed remedy.

2) An official who receives an objection, pursuant toSub-Article (1) ofthis Article, may modify, stay theexecution of, reverse or confirm the remedy havingbeen proposed.

3) A decision rendered by the Chief Ombudsman shallbe final.

27.

28. Duty to Notify a FaultWhere the Institution, in the process of conductinginvestigations, believes that a crime or an administrativefault has been committed, it shall "have the duty to,forthwith, notify in writing, immidiatly to the concernedorgan or official.

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29. Overlap of JurisdictionI) Where ca§es falling both under the jurisdiction of the

Institution and of the Ethiopian Human RightsCommission materialize, the question of which ofthem would inv~stigate shall be determined upontheir mutual consultation.

2) Failing determination of the matter as under Sub-Ar-ticle (1) of this Article, the organ before which thecase is lodged shall undertake the investigation.

PART FOURThe Council of Ombudsmen and Administration

of the Staff of the Institution

30. Council of Ombudsmen of the Institution1) Council of Ombudsmen of the Institution (hereinaf-

ter referred to as "the Council") is hereby es-tablished.

2) The Council shalI have the following members:(a) the Chief Ombudsman Chairperson(b) the Deputy Chief Ombudsman Deputy(c) other Ombudsmen Members.

3) The Council shall elect its secretary from among its

members.4) The Council may draw up its own rules of procedure.

31. Po wers and Duties of the CouncilThe Council shall have the following powers and duties:I) to adopt directives and by-laws necessary for the

implementation of this Proclamation;2) to discuss on draft budget of the Institution;3) to adopt staff regulations in conformity with the

basic principles of Federal Civil Service laws;4) to appoint department heads;5) to examine and render a final decision, within a short

period of time, on cases, petitions or complaintssubmitted to it within short period of time in relationto staff administration;

6) to hear disciplinary cases relating to department

heads.32. The Right to Appeal

I) Any department head of the Institution aggrieved by

administrative decisions rendered by the Councilmay appeal to the Speaker of the House within onemonth from the date such decision has been made.

2) Decisions rendered pursuant to Sub-Article (I) of

this Article shall be final.33. Utilization of Outside Professionals

The Institution may utilize, for a specific task and for adefinite duration, outside professionals necessary for itsfunctions, subject to making appropriate remunerations.

34. Observance of SecrecyUnless ordered by a court or otherwise permitted by theChief Ombudsman, any appointee, or staff, or Profes-sional employed pursuant to Article 33 of thisProclamation shall have the obligation not to disclose. atall itmes, any secret known to him in connection with hisduty.

35. ImmunityNO:

1) appointee, or2) investigator

of the Institution may be detained or arrested without thepermission of the House or the Chief Ombudsman,respectively, except when,caught in flagrante delicto. fora serious offence.

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PART FIVEMiscellaneous Provisions

36. Budget1) The budget of the Institution shall be drawn from the

following sources:(a) budgetary subsidy to be allocated by the gover-

nment;(b) assistance, grant and any other s".~rce.

2) From the budget allocated to the institution anamount equivalent to a quarterly portion of itsrecurrent budget shall, in advance, be deposited atthe National Bank of Ethiopia, or at another bankdesignated by the Bank, and shall be utilized, inaccordance with financial regulations of the govern-ment for purposes of implementing the objective ofthe Institution.

37. Books of Accounts1) The Institution shall keep complete and aCGurate

books Ofaccounts.2) The accounts of the Institution shall be audited

annually, by an organ to be designated by the House.38. Duty to Cooperate

Any person shall provide the necessary assistance, with aview to helping the Institution exercise its powers andduties.

39. Reporting1) The Institution shall issue an official report, as may

be necessary.2) The Institution shall exercise transparency in respect

of its mode of operation, including issuance ofregular reports.

3) Notwithstanding the provisions of Sub-Article (2)of this Article, the Institution shall have the duty toexercise caution in respect of matters to be keptsecret, with a veiw to not endangering nationalsecurity and well-being or to protecting individuallives.

40. Non-Answerability for DefamationI) No complaint lodged pursuant to this Proclamation

shall entail liability for defamation.2) No report of the Institution submitted to the House,

on the findings of an investigation undertaken, norany other correspondence of the Institution relatingto its activities shall entail liability for defamation.

41. PenaltyI) Any person who, having received summons from

the Institution, or been called upon by it otherwise,does not appear or respond without good cause,within the time fixed, or is not willing to produce adocument or to have same examined shall bepunishable with imprisonment from one month tosix months or with a fine from two hundered to onethousand Birr or with both.

2) Unless punishable with more severe penalty underthe penal. law, any person who causes harm topersons who have witnessed before the Institution,or to persons having produced a document before it,or who, without good case, fails to take measureswithin three months from receipt of reports, recom-mendations, and suggestions of the Institution, ordoes not state the reasons for such failure, shall bepunishable with imprisonment from three to fiveyears or with a fine from six thousand to ten thousandBirr or with both;

42. Transitory ProvisionComplaints onptaladministration that are under inves-tigation by the! House prior to the enactment of thisProclamation shall be investigated by the Institution.

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~;;~. 'ht1.fII1. ":""(8l\tllJf.'i t..:':(D' ih1':f 43. Inapplicable LawsNo law or practice, inconsistent with this Proclamation,

hrlt' ttfr:~" ;JC; ffl'l.:f>C} fII/'};;:m'9u ih.., mf.r shall be applicable in respect of matters provided for inf.,. 1\£IP'\'.t"J.'t..C; lULU t,'P:~ m.(8'r n'hn"'(}' 1.~r-':fthis Proclamation.

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?i!~.44. Effective Date

h'P~: ftllJJ~'ill')' 'LII. This Proclamation shall enter into force as of the 4111dayf.Uh'P:~ h(}~ ~:i:""} nH~:~~~.r l.rr: fO'i f.t''iA:: of July, 2000.

t,.~.(8 hilI} :(}). ?i:i: .,.'} :m~:H~ ~.r Done at Addis Ababa, this 4111day of July, 2000.

f./e ";J(t 'L~~

f},.:"f'A'.t' tC..Y..t..""~ .&;.qatht..ll..t''e~T.nl\.h

T 10'lP"H.

NEGASO GIDADA (DR.)PRESIDENT OF THE FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC

REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA

.nt:?')" M,.. 117,,.117,,,t:t:;E-'}' ;1""00BERHANENA SELAM PRINTING ENTERPRISE