ASTM F1487

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Overview

Applicable Guidelines & Standards

Definitions

Why is a safe playground important?

Statistics

What is a safe playground?

What constitutes an unsafe playground?

Other considerations

Summary

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Guidelines & Standards

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Applicable Guidelines & Standards

CPSC Pub 325, Public Playground Safety Handbook

ASTM F1487-11, Standard Consumer Safety Performance Specification forPlayground Equipment for Public Use

ASTM F1292-09, Standard Specification for Impact Attenuation of Surfacing MaterialsWithin the Use Zone of Playground Equipment

ASTM F1951-09b, Standard Specification for Determination of Accessibility ofSurface Systems Under and Around Playground Equipment

ASTM F2223-10, Standard Guide for ASTM Standards on Playground Surfacing

ASTM F2479-12, Standard Guide for Specification, Purchase, Installation andMaintenance of Poured-in-Place Playground Surfacing

ASTM F2049-11, Standard Guide for Fences/Barriers for Public,Commercial, and Multi-Family Residential Use Outdoor Play Areas

ASTM F2075-10a, Standard Specification for Engineered WoodFiber for Use as a Playground Safety Surface Under and AroundPlayground Equipment

DOJ 2010 ADA Standard for Accessible Design

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CPSC Guidelines are NOT for:

Amusement park equipment

Sports or fitness equipment

Users over age 12

Soft contained play equipment

Constant air inflatable playdevices

Art and museum sculptures

Equipment found in water play

facilities

Home playground equipment

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Definitions

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A Few Key Definitions

Public playground

Designated play surface

Fall heightCritical height

Entanglement

ProtrusionEntrapment

Use zone

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Define: Public Playground

Public playground equipment refers to

equipment for use by children ages 6

months through 12 years in the

playground areas of:

Commercial (non-residential)

child care facilities

Institutions

Multiple family dwellings:Apartment & condominium buildings

City, state, & communitymaintained parks

RestaurantsResorts & recreational developments

Schools

Other areas of public use

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Define: Designated Play Surface

Any elevated surface forstanding, walking, crawling,

sitting or climbing, or a flat

surface greater than 2

inches wide by 2 inches

long having an angle lessthan 30 from horizontal.

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Define: Fall Height

The vertical distancebetween the highest

designated play surface

on a piece of equipment

and the protective

surfacing beneath it.

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Define: Critical Height

The fall height belowwhich a life-threatening

head injury would not

be expected to occur.

A rating for protective

surfacing expressed in

even feet.

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Critical Height

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Define: Entanglement

A condition in which theusers clothes or something

around the users neck

becomes caught or

entwined on a component

of playground equipment.

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Entanglement

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Define: Protrusion

A projection which, whentested, is found to be a

hazard having the potential

to cause bodily injury to a

user who impacts it.

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Define: Entrapment

Any condition thatimpedes withdrawal of

a body or body part that

has penetrated an opening.

Preschool and school-age

small torso template(5thpercentile for 2-year old child)

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Entrapment

If the small torso templatepasses through an opening,

the large head template

must also pass through

the opening.

Large head template(95thpercentile for a 5-year old child)

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Entrapments

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Define: Use Zone

The surface under and around a piece of equipmentonto which a child falling from or exiting from the

equipment would be expected to land.

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Use Zone

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Of Safe Playgrounds

Importance

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Safe Playground Importance

It may be the law

! State law

! Federal law

Liability

Its the kids!

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It May Be the Law

CPSC Publication No. 325 and ASTM playgroundstandards are generally considered to be voluntary

According to the National Program for Playground

Safety, the following states have adopted all or partsof CPSC or ASTM

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Playground Legislation

Arkansas Oklahoma

California Oregon

Connecticut Rhode Island

Florida TennesseeIllinois Texas

Michigan Utah

New Jersey Virginia

North Carolina Wyoming

Source: National Program for Playground Safety, NPPS; http://playgroundsafety.org/standards/regulations

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Liability

Death or injury

Lawsuits

Public perception

Reputation

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Its the Kids

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Statistics

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Playground Accidents

Between 2001 - 2008, an average of 218,851preschool

and elementary children received emergency department

care for injuries that occurred on playground equipment.

51% of the injuries happened on public playground equipment

19% occurred on home playground equipment

20% not recorded

1% Other

Source: Injuries & Investigated Deaths Associated with Playground Equipment, 2001-08;

CPSC October 29, 2009 Statistics are based, in part, on data provided by the

National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS)

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Of the incidents reported:

67% involved falls or equipment failure

8% hazards around but not related to the equipment7% collisions with other children or the equipment

7% entrapments

11% other




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40 Deathswere associated with playground

equipment between 2001-2008.

Average age was 6 years; median age was 4 years.

27 deaths were the result of hangings or other

asphyxiations

7 deaths were the result of head or neck injuries




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Safe Playgrounds

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What is a Safe Playground?

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Conforms with CPSC and ASTM Guidelines

Regular Inspections and Maintenance

! High Frequency

!Low Frequency

Training

! Maintenance Personnel

! Monitors

!Other Stakeholders

Supervision

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Replacement Program

! Equipment doesnt last forever

! No consistent life cycle; affected by:

EnvironmentMaterials

Use patterns/unrestricted access

Maintenance

Vigilance

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Common Playground Hazards

Unsafe Playgrounds

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Entanglements

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Entanglements

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Entanglements

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Wrong Parts

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Protrusions

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Protective Surfacing

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Protective Surfacing

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Other Concerns

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Other Concerns

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Other Concerns

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Other Concerns

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Other Concerns

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For Consideration

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Risk Management Signage

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ADA Compliance

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Summary

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Summary

Keys to a Safe Playground

! Design

! Installation

!Maintenance

! Supervision

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Summary

Children learn fromtaking risks

It is our job to eliminate

the hazards

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A Safe Playground is

No Accident

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References

ALPHAfacilities.com

for resources:

Pub 325

DOJ 2010 ADA

Standard for

Accessible Design

CPSC Playground

Injuries Report 2009

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Ron Menke

Certified Playground Safety Inspector #180181-0116

National Playground Safety Institute of

the National Recreation and Park Association

11503 NW Military Hwy, Ste 300, San Antonio, TX 78231

e: [email protected]

www.alphafacilities.com

LINKEDIN: www.linkedin.com/pub/ron-menke/36/1b2/158

ASTM F1487

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