Asean Info.

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The Association of Southeast Asian Nations[5](ASEANpron.:/si.n/AH-see-ahn,[6]rarely/zi.n/AH-zee-ahn)[7][8]is ageo-politicaland economic organization of ten countries located inSoutheast Asia, which was formed on 8 August 1967

byIndonesia,Malaysia, thePhilippines,SingaporeandThailand.[9]Since then, membership has expanded to includeBrunei,Burma

(Myanmar),Cambodia,Laos, andVietnam. Its aims include acceleratingeconomic growth,social progress, cultural development

among its members, protection of regional peace and stability, and opportunities for member countries to discuss differences

peacefully.[10]

ASEAN covers a land area of 4.46 million km, which is 3% of the total land area of Earth, and has a population of approximately

600 million people, which is 8.8% of the world's population. The sea area of ASEAN is about three times larger than its land

counterpart. In 2011, its combinednominal GDPhad grown to more than US$ 2 trillion.[11]If ASEAN were a single entity, it would

rank as the eighth largest economy in the world. [citation needed]

Contents

[hide]

1 History

o 1.1 Continued expansion

1.1.1 East Timor and Papua New Guinea

o 1.2 Environment

o 1.3 ASEAN Plus Three

o 1.4 Free Trade

2 The ASEAN way

o 2.1 Critical reception

3 Meetings

o 3.1 ASEAN Summits

o 3.2 East Asia Summit

o 3.3 Commemorative summit

o 3.4 Regional Forum

o 3.5 Other meetings

3.5.1 Another Three

3.5.2 AsiaEurope Meeting

3.5.3 ASEANRussia Summit

3.5.4 ASEAN Foreign Ministers Meeting

4 Economic community

o 4.1 From CEPT to AEC

o 4.2 Comprehensive Investment Area

o 4.3 Trade in Services

o 4.4 Single Aviation Market
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apua_New_Guineahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#East_Timor_and_Papua_New_Guineahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Environmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Environmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#ASEAN_Plus_Threehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#ASEAN_Plus_Threehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Free_Tradehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Free_Tradehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#The_ASEAN_wayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#The_ASEAN_wayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Critical_receptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Critical_receptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Meetingshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Meetingshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#ASEAN_Summitshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#ASEAN_Summitshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#East_Asia_Summithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#East_Asia_Summithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Commemorative_summithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Commemorative_summithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Regional_Forumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Regional_Forumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Other_meetingshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Other_meetingshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Another_Threehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Another_Threehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Asia.E2.80.93Europe_Meetinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Asia.E2.80.93Europe_Meetinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Asia.E2.80.93Europe_Meetinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Asia.E2.80.93Europe_Meetinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#ASEAN.E2.80.93Russia_Summithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#ASEAN.E2.80.93Russia_Summithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#ASEAN.E2.80.93Russia_Summithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#ASEAN.E2.80.93Russia_Summithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#ASEAN_Foreign_Ministers_Meetinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#ASEAN_Foreign_Ministers_Meetinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Economic_communityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Economic_communityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#From_CEPT_to_AEChttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#From_CEPT_to_AEChttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Comprehensive_Investment_Areahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Comprehensive_Investment_Areahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Trade_in_Serviceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Trade_in_Serviceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Single_Aviation_Markethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Single_Aviation_Markethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Single_Aviation_Markethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Trade_in_Serviceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Comprehensive_Investment_Areahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#From_CEPT_to_AEChttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Economic_communityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#ASEAN_Foreign_Ministers_Meetinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#ASEAN.E2.80.93Russia_Summithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Asia.E2.80.93Europe_Meetinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Another_Threehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Other_meetingshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Regional_Forumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Commemorative_summithttp://en.wikipe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o 4.5 Free-trade agreements with other countries

o 4.6 ASEAN six majors

4.6.1 Development gap

o

4.7 From CMI to AMROo 4.8 Foreign Direct Investment

o 4.9 Intra-ASEAN travel

o 4.10 Intra-ASEAN trade

5 Charter

6 Cultural activities

7 ASEAN Media Cooperation

o 7.1 New media and social media

o

7.2 SEA Write Award

o 7.3 ASAIHL

o 7.4 Heritage Parks

7.4.1 List

o 7.5 Songs and music

8 Education and human development

o 8.1 School enrollment and participation

8.1.1 Primary education

8.1.2 Secondary education

o 8.2 Tertiary education

8.2.1 University Network

o 8.3 Public efforts

8.3.1 Financial resources

8.3.2 Scholarship

o 8.4 Education as a determinant of human development

8.4.1 Literacy rates

9 Sports

o 9.1 Southeast Asian Games

o 9.2 ASEAN Para Games

o 9.3 FESPIC Games / Asian Para Games

o 9.4 Football Championship

o 9.5 ASEAN 2030 FIFA World Cup bid
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east_Asian_Nations#Southeast_Asian_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#ASEAN_Para_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#ASEAN_Para_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#FESPIC_Games_.2F_Asian_Para_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#FESPIC_Games_.2F_Asian_Para_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Football_Championshiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Football_Championshiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#ASEAN_2030_FIFA_World_Cup_bidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#ASEAN_2030_FIFA_World_Cup_bidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#ASEAN_2030_FIFA_World_Cup_bidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Football_Championshiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#FESPIC_Games_.2F_Asian_Para_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#ASEAN_Para_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Southeast_Asian_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Sportshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Literacy_rateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Education_as_a_determinant_of_human_developmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Scholarshiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Financial_resourceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Public_effortshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#University_Networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Tertiary_educationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Secondary_educationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Primary_educationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#School_enrollment_and_participationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Education_and_human_developmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Songs_and_musichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Listhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Heritage_Parkshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#ASAIHLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#SEA_Write_Awardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#New_media_and_social_mediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#ASEAN_Media_Cooperationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Cultural_activitieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Charterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Intra-ASEAN_tradehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Intra-ASEAN_travelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Foreign_Direct_Investmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#From_CMI_to_AMROhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Development_gaphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#ASEAN_six_majorshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#Free-trade_agreements_with_other_countries


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10 ASEAN Defense Industry Collaboration

11 Criticism

12 ASEAN competitions

13 See also

14 References

15 External links

[edit]History

See also:Member states of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations

ASEAN was preceded by an organisation called the Association of Southeast Asia, commonly called ASA, an alliance consisting

of the Philippines, Malaysia and Thailand that was formed in 1961. The bloc itself, however, was established on 8 August 1967,

whenforeign ministersof five countries Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand met at the ThaiDepartment of Foreign Affairs building inBangkokand signed the ASEAN Declaration, more commonly known as theBangkok

Declaration. The five foreign ministersAdam Malikof Indonesia,Narciso Ramosof the Philippines,Abdul Razakof Malaysia,S.

Rajaratnamof Singapore, andThanat Khomanof Thailand are considered the organisation's Founding Fathers.[12]

The motivations for the birth of ASEAN were so that its members governing elite could concentrate on nation building, the commonfear of communism, reduced faith in or mistrust of external powers in the 1960s, and a desire for economic development.

The bloc grew whenBrunei Darussalambecame the sixth member on 8 January 1984, barely a week after gaining independence

on 1 January.[13]

[edit]Continued expansion

See also:Enlargement of Association of Southeast Asian Nations

On 28 July 1995, Vietnam became the seventh member.[14]Laos and Myanmar (Burma) joined two years later on 23 July

1997.[15]Cambodia was to have joined together with Laos and Burma, but was deferred due to the country's internal political

struggle. The country later joined on 30 April 1999, following the stabilisation of its government.[15][16]

During the 1990s, the bloc experienced an increase in both membership and drive for further integration. In 1990, Malaysia

proposed the creation of anEast Asia Economic Caucus[17]comprising the then members of ASEAN as well as the People's

Republic of China, Japan, and South Korea, with the intention of counterbalancing the growing influence of the United States in

theAsia-Pacific Economic Cooperation(APEC) and in the Asian region as a whole.[18][19]This proposal failed, however, because of

heavy opposition from the United States and Japan.[18][20]Despite this failure, member states continued to work for further integration

andASEAN Plus Threewas created in 1997.

In 1992, the Common Effective Preferential Tariff (CEPT) scheme was signed as a schedule for phasing tariffs and as a goal to

increase the regions competitive advantage as a production base geared for the world market. This law would act as the framework

for theASEAN Free Trade Area. After theEast Asian Financial Crisisof 1997, a revival of the Malaysian proposal was established

inChiang Mai, known as theChiang Mai Initiative, which calls for better integration between the economies of ASEAN as well as

theASEAN Plus Threecountries (China, Japan, and South Korea).[21]

Aside from improving each member state's economies, the bloc also focused on peace and stability in the region. On 15 December

1995, theSoutheast Asian Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone Treatywas signed with the intention of turning Southeast Asia into

aNuclear-Weapon-Free Zone. The treaty took effect on 28 March 1997 after all but one of the member states have ratified it. It

became fully effective on 21 June 2001, after the Philippines ratified it, effectively banning all nuclear weapons in the region.[22]

[edit]East Timor and Papua New Guinea

East Timor submitted a letter of application to be the eleventh member of ASEAN at the summit in Jakarta in March 2011. Indonesia

has shown a warm welcome to East Timor.[23][24][25]

Papua New Guineawas accorded Observer status in 1976 and Special Observer status in 1981.[26]Papua New Guinea is

aMelanesianstate. ASEAN embarked on a program of economic cooperation following theBaliSummit of 1976. This floundered in

the mid-1980s and was only revived around 1991 due to a Thai proposal for a regionalfree trade area.
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[edit]Environment

Satellite image of the 2006 haze overBorneo.

At the turn of the 21st century, issues shifted to include a regional approach to the environment. The organisation started to discuss

environmental agreements. These included the signing of theASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollutionin 2002 as an

attempt to control haze pollution in Southeast Asia.[27]Unfortunately, this was unsuccessful due to the outbreaks of the2005

Malaysian hazeand the2006 Southeast Asian haze. Other environmental treaties introduced by the organisation include theCebu

Declaration on East Asian Energy Security,[28]theASEAN Wildlife Enforcement Networkin 2005,[29]and theAsia-Pacific Partnership

on Clean Development and Climate, both of which are responses to the potential effects of climate change. Climate change is of

current interest.

Through the Bali Concord II in 2003, ASEAN has subscribed to the notion ofdemocratic peace, which means all member countries

believe democratic processes will promote regional peace and stability. Also, the non-democratic members all agreed that it was

something all member states should aspire to.[30]

[edit]ASEAN Plus Three

Leaders of each country, particularlyMahathir Mohamadof Malaysia, felt the need to further integrate the region. Beginning in 1997,

the bloc began creating organizations within its framework with the intention of achieving this goal.ASEAN Plus Threewas the first

of these and was created to improve existing ties with thePeople's Republic of China,Japan, andSouth Korea. This was followed

by the even largerEast Asia Summit, which included these countries as well as India, Australia, and New Zealand. This new

grouping acted as a prerequisite for the plannedEast Asia Community, which was supposedly patterned after the now-

defunctEuropean Community. TheASEAN Eminent Persons Groupwas created to study the possible successes and failures of

this policy as well as the possibility of drafting anASEAN Charter.

In 2006, ASEAN was givenobserver status at the United Nations General Assembly.[31]As a response, the organization awarded

the status of "dialogue partner" to the United Nations.[32]

[edit]Free Trade

In 2007, ASEAN celebrated its 40th anniversary since its inception, and 30 years of diplomatic relations with the United

States.[33]On 26 August 2007, ASEAN stated that it aims to complete all itsfree trade agreementswith China, Japan, South Korea,

India, Australia and New Zealand by 2013, in line with the establishment of the ASEAN Economic Community by 2015.[34][35]In

November 2007 the ASEAN members signed the ASEAN Charter, a constitution governing relations among the ASEAN members

and establishing ASEAN itself as an international legal entity.[citation needed]

During the same year, theCebu Declaration on East Asian

Energy Securitywas signed inCebuon 15 January 2007, by ASEAN and the other members of theEAS(Australia, People's

Republic of China, India, Japan, New Zealand, South Korea), which promotesenergy securityby findingenergyalternativestoconventional fuels.[citation needed]

On 27 February 2009 a Free Trade Agreement with the ASEAN regional block of 10 countries andNew Zealandand itsclose

partnerAustraliawas signed, it is estimated that this FTA would boost aggregate GDP across the 12 countries by more than

US$48 billion over the period 20002020.[36][37]ASEAN members together with the groups six major trading partners Australia,China, India, Japan, New Zealand and South Korea are slated to begin the first round of negotiations on February 2628, 2013 inBali, Indonesia, on establishment of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership.[38]

[edit]The ASEAN way
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This section needs additional citations for verification. Please helpimprove this articlebyadding

citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may bechallengedandremoved.(January 2013)

ASEAN members' flags inJakarta.

Since the post-independence phases of Southeast Asian states, efforts were made to implement regional foreign policies, but with a

unifying focus to refrain from interference in domestic affairs of member states.

There was a move to unify the region under what was called the ASEAN Way based on the ideals of non -interference, informality,minimal institutionalisation, consultation and consensus, non-use of force and non-confrontation. ASEAN members (especially

Singapore) approved of the term ASEAN Way to describe a regional method ofmultilateralism.

Thus the signing of theTreaty of Amity and Cooperation in Southeast Asiaadopted fundamental principles:[39]

Mutual respect for the independence, sovereignty, equality, territorial integrity, and national identity of all nations

The right of every State to lead its national existence free from external interference, subversion or coercion

Non-interference in internal affairs

Settlement of differences or disputes in a peaceful manner

Renunciation of the threat or use of force

Effective regional cooperation

The ASEAN way is said to contribute durability and longevity within the organization, by promoting regional identity and enhancinga spirit of mutual confidence and cooperation. ASEAN agreements are negotiated in a close, interpersonal process. The process of

consultations and consensus is designed to engender a democratic approach to decision making. These leaders are wary of any

effort to legitimize efforts to undermine their nation or contain regional co-operation.

[edit]Critical reception

The ASEAN way can be seen as divergent from the contextual contemporary political reality at the formative stages of the

association. A critical distinction is made by Amitav Acharya, that the ASEAN Way indicates a process of regional interactions andcooperation based on discreteness, informality, consensus building and non-confrontational bargaining styles that contrasts with

the adversarial posturing, majority vote and other legalistic decision-making procedures in Western multilateral organizations".[40]

However, critics argue[who?] that the ASEAN Way serves as the major stumbling-block to it becoming a true diplomacy mechanism.

Due to the consensus-based approach every member has a veto, so contentious issues must remain unresolved until agreements

can be reached. Moreover, it is claimed that member nations are directly and indirectly advocating that ASEAN be more flexible and

allow discourse on internal affairs of member countries.

Additionally, the preference for informal discussions to adversarial negotiations limits the leverage of diplomatic solutions[which?]within

ASEAN.
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Michael Yahuda[41], explains, in his book International Politics of the Asia Pacific (2003) second and revised edition, the limitations

of the ASEAN way. In summary of his argument, unlike theEuropean Union, the ASEAN Way has made ASEAN members neveraspired to an economic and political union. It was designed to sustain the independence and sovereignty of member states and to

encourage regional and national stability. ASEAN differed in assessment of external threat and they operated within conditions in

which legality and the rule of law were not generally consolidated within member states. ASEAN wasnt a rule making bodysubjecting its members to the discipline of adhering its laws and regulations. It was operated through consensus and informal ity.

Also, the member states avoided to confront certain issues if they were to result in conflicts.

[42]

[edit]Meetings

[edit]ASEAN Summits

A billboard in Jakarta welcoming ASEAN Summit 2011 delegates.

The organisation holds meetings, known as theASEAN Summit, whereheads of governmentof each member meet to discuss and

resolve regional issues, as well as to conduct other meetings with other countries outside of the bloc with the intention of promoting

external relations.

The ASEAN Leaders' Formal Summit was first held in Bali, Indonesia in 1976. Its third meeting was held inManilain 1987 and

during this meeting, it was decided that the leaders would meet every five years.[43]Consequently, the fourth meeting was held in

Singapore in 1992 where the leaders again agreed to meet more frequently, deciding to hold the summit every three years.[43]In

2001, it was decided to meet annually to address urgent issues affecting the region. Member nations were assigned to be the

summit host in alphabetical order except in the case of Burma which dropped its 2006 hosting rights in 2004 due to pressure from

the United States and theEuropean Union.[44]

By December 2008, the ASEAN Charter came into force and with it, the ASEAN Summit will be held twice in a year.

The formal summit meets for three days. The usual itinerary is as follows:

Leaders of member states would hold an internal organisation meeting.

Leaders of member states would hold a conference together with foreign ministers of the ASEAN Regional Forum.

A meeting, known as ASEAN Plus Three, is set for leaders of three Dialogue Partners (People's Republic of China, Japan,South Korea)
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A separate meeting, known as ASEAN-CER, is set for another set of leaders of two Dialogue Partners (Australia, NewZealand).[citation needed]

ASEAN Formal Summits

No Date Country Host Host leader

1st 2324 February 1976 Indonesia Bali Soeharto

2nd 45 August 1977 Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Hussein Onn

3rd 1415 December 1987 Philippines Manila Corazon Aquino

4th 2729 January 1992 Singapore Singapore Goh Chok Tong

5th 1415 December 1995 Thailand Bangkok Banharn Silpa-archa

6th 1516 December 1998 Vietnam Hanoi Phan Vn Khi

7th 56 November 2001 Brunei Bandar Seri Begawan Hassanal Bolkiah

8th 45 November 2002 Cambodia Phnom Penh Hun Sen

9th 78 October 2003 Indonesia Bali Megawati Soekarnoputri

10th 2930 November 2004 Laos Vientiane Bounnhang Vorachith

11th 1214 December 2005 Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Abdullah Ahmad Badawi

12th 1114 January 20071 Philippines2 Cebu Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soehartohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soehartohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuala_Lumpurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hussein_Onnhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metro_Manilahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corazon_Aquinohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corazon_Aquinohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singaporehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singaporehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goh_Chok_Tonghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goh_Chok_Tonghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangkokhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banharn_Silpa-archahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanoihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanoihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phan_V%C4%83n_Kh%E1%BA%A3ihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruneihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruneihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandar_Seri_Begawanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandar_Seri_Begawanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hassanal_Bolkiahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambodiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambodiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phnom_Penhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hun_Senhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megawati_Soekarnoputrihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vientianehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bounnhang_Vorachithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Ahmad_Badawihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Ahmad_Badawihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metro_Cebuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloria_Macapagal-Arroyohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloria_Macapagal-Arroyohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metro_Cebuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah_Ahmad_Badawihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bounnhang_Vorachithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vientianehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megawati_Soekarnoputrihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hun_Senhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phnom_Penhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambodiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hassanal_Bolkiahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandar_Seri_Begawanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruneihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phan_V%C4%83n_Kh%E1%BA%A3ihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanoihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banharn_Silpa-archahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangkokhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goh_Chok_Tonghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singaporehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corazon_Aquinohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metro_Manilahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hussein_Onnhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuala_Lumpurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soehartohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed


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13th 1822 November 2007 Singapore Singapore Lee Hsien Loong

14th327 February 1 March 2009

10

11 April 2009Thailand

Cha Am,Hua Hin

Pattaya

Abhisit Vejjajiva

15th 23 October 2009 Thailand Cha Am, Hua Hin

16th3 89 April 2010 Vietnam Hanoi

Nguyn Tn Dng

17th 2831 October 2010 Vietnam Hanoi

18th4 78 May 2011 Indonesia Jakarta

Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono

19th4 1419 November 2011 Indonesia Bali

20th 34 April 2012 Cambodia Phnom Penh

Hun Sen

21st 1720 November 2012 Cambodia Phnom Penh

1Postponed from 1014 December 2006 due toTyphoon Utor.

2 hosted the summit because Burma backed out due to enormous pressure from US and EU

3 This summit consisted of two parts.

The first part was moved from 1217 December 2008 due to the2008 Thai political crisis.

The second part was aborted on 11 April due to protesters entering the summit venue.

4 Indonesia hosted twice in a row by swapping years with Brunei, as it will play host toAPEC(and the possibility of hosting

theG20summit which ultimately fell toRussia) in 2013.

During the fifth Summit in Bangkok, the leaders decided to meet "informally" between each formal summit:[43]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lee_Hsien_Loonghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cha_Amhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cha_Amhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hua_Hinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hua_Hinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hua_Hinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattayahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattayahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abhisit_Vejjajivahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nguy%E1%BB%85n_T%E1%BA%A5n_D%C5%A9nghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nguy%E1%BB%85n_T%E1%BA%A5n_D%C5%A9nghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jakartahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susilo_Bambang_Yudhoyonohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hun_Senhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Pacific_typhoon_season#Typhoon_Utor_.28Seniang.29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Pacific_typhoon_season#Typhoon_Utor_.28Seniang.29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Pacific_typhoon_season#Typhoon_Utor_.28Seniang.29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Thai_political_crisishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Thai_political_crisishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Thai_political_crisishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G-20_major_economieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G-20_major_economieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G-20_major_economieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#cite_note-summit-43http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#cite_note-summit-43http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#cite_note-summit-43http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#cite_note-summit-43http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G-20_major_economieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Thai_political_crisishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Pacific_typhoon_season#Typhoon_Utor_.28Seniang.29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hun_Senhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susilo_Bambang_Yudhoyonohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jakartahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nguy%E1%BB%85n_T%E1%BA%A5n_D%C5%A9nghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abhisit_Vejjajivahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattayahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hua_Hinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cha_Amhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lee_Hsien_Loong


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ASEAN Informal Summits

No Date Country Host Host leader

1st 30 November 1996 Indonesia Jakarta Soeharto

2nd 1416 December 1997 Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Mahathir Mohamad

3rd 2728 November 1999 Philippines Manila Joseph Estrada

4th2225 November 2000

Singapore

Singapore Goh Chok Tong

[edit]East Asia Summit

Main article:East Asia Summit

Participants of the East Asia Summit.

ASEAN

ASEAN Plus Three

ASEAN Plus Six

Observer

TheEast Asia Summit(EAS) is a pan-Asian forum held annually by the leaders of 16 countries in East Asia and the region, with

ASEAN in a leadership position. The summit has discussed issues including trade, energy and security and the summit has a role

inregional community building.

The members of the summit are all 10 members of ASEAN plus China, Japan, South Korea, India, Australia and New Zealand.

These nations represent nearly half of the world's population. In October 2010, Russia and the United States were formally invited toparticipate as full members, with presidents of both countries to attend the 2011 summit.[45]

The first summit was held in Kuala Lumpur on 14 December 2005 and subsequent meetings have been held after the annual

ASEAN Leaders Meeting.

Meeting Country Location Date Note
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jakartahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuala_Lumpurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahathir_Mohamadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manilahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Estradahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations&action=edit&section=11http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations&action=edit&section=11http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations&action=edit&section=11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Asia_Summithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Asia_Summithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Asia_Summithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Asia_Summithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Asia_Summithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Asia_Summithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Asia_Communityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Asia_Communityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Asia_Communityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#cite_note-Invitation_to_US_.26_Russia-45http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#cite_note-Invitation_to_US_.26_Russia-45http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#cite_note-Invitation_to_US_.26_Russia-45http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:East_Asia_Summit.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:East_Asia_Summit.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:East_Asia_Summit.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:East_Asia_Summit.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:East_Asia_Summit.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:East_Asia_Summit.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:East_Asia_Summit.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:East_Asia_Summit.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:East_Asia_Summit.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:East_Asia_Summit.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:East_Asia_Summit.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:East_Asia_Summit.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#cite_note-Invitation_to_US_.26_Russia-45http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Asia_Communityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Asia_Summithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Asia_Summithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations&action=edit&section=11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Estradahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manilahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahathir_Mohamadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuala_Lumpurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jakarta


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First

EAS Malaysia

Kuala

Lumpur

14

December

2005

Russia attended as a guest.

Second

EAS PhilippinesCebu City

15 January

2007

Rescheduled from 13 December 2006.

Cebu Declaration on East Asian Energy Security

Third

EAS SingaporeSingapore

21

November

2007

Singapore Declaration on Climate Change, Energy and the Environment[46]

Agreed to establishEconomic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia

Fourth

EAS Thailand

Cha-

amandHua

Hin

25 October

2009

The date and location of the venue was rescheduled several times, and then a

Summit scheduled for 12 April 2009 atPattaya, Thailand was cancelled when

protesters stormed the venue. The Summit has been rescheduled for October

2009 and transferred again from Phuket[47]to Cha-am and Hua Hin.[48]

Fifth

EAS

Viet

NamHanoi

30 October

2010[49]

Officially invited the US and Russia to participate in future EAS as full-fledged

members[45]

Sixth

EAS IndonesiaBali

19

November

2011

TheUnited StatesandRussiato join the Summit.

Seventh

EAS CambodiaPhnom Penh 2012

[edit]Commemorative summit

Main article:ASEAN Free Trade Area

A commemorative summit is a summit hosted by a non-ASEAN country to mark a milestone anniversary of the establishment of

relations between ASEAN and the host country. The host country invites the heads of government of ASEAN member countries to

discuss future cooperation and partnership.

Meeting Host Location Date Note

ASEANJapanCommemorative Summit

Japan Tokyo

11, 12

December

2003

To celebrate the 30th anniversary of the establishment of

relations between ASEAN and Japan. The summit was also

notable as the first ASEAN summit held between ASEAN and

a non-ASEAN country outside the region.

ASEANChinaCommemorative Summit

People'sRepublic of

China

Nanning30, 31October

2006


relations between ASEAN and China

ASEANRepublic ofKorea Commemorative

Summit

South

KoreaJeju-do

1, 2 June

2009


relations between ASEAN and Republic of Korea
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_EAShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_EAShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuala_Lumpurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuala_Lumpurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_EAShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_EAShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cebu_Cityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cebu_Declaration_on_East_Asian_Energy_Securityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cebu_Declaration_on_East_Asian_Energy_Securityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_EAShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_EAShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#cite_note-46http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#cite_note-46http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#cite_note-46http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_Research_Institute_for_ASEAN_and_East_Asiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_Research_Institute_for_ASEAN_and_East_Asiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_Research_Institute_for_ASEAN_and_East_Asiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourth_EAShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourth_EAShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cha-amhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cha-amhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cha-amhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hua_Hinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hua_Hinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hua_Hinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hua_Hinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattayahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattayahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattayahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#cite_note-47http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#cite_note-47http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#cite_note-47http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#cite_note-48http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#cite_note-48http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#cite_note-48http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fifth_EAShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fifth_EAShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanoihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanoihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#cite_note-49http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#cite_note-49http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#cite_note-49http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#cite_note-Invitation_to_US_.26_Russia-45http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#cite_note-Invitation_to_US_.26_Russia-45http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#cite_note-Invitation_to_US_.26_Russia-45http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sixth_EAShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sixth_EAShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seventh_EAShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seventh_EAShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phnom_Penhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations&action=edit&section=12http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations&action=edit&section=12http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations&action=edit&section=12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASEAN_Free_Trade_Areahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASEAN_Free_Trade_Areahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASEAN_Free_Trade_Areahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ASEAN%E2%80%93Japan_Commemorative_Summit&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ASEAN%E2%80%93Japan_Commemorative_Summit&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ASEAN%E2%80%93Japan_Commemorative_Summit&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ASEAN%E2%80%93Japan_Commemorative_Summit&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanhttp://en.wiki

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