Armjynf uGefjrLepfygwD A[kdpnf;±kH;a&aumfrwD. aºu;a=umfoH … · 2016. 1. 15. · 1 ta&;awmfykH...

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1 ta&;awmfykH *sme,f twG J (1) trS wf (10) Armjynf uGefjrLepfygwD A[kdpnf;±kH;a&;aumfrwD. aºu;a=umfoH 2012 / atmuf wk d bm

Transcript of Armjynf uGefjrLepfygwD A[kdpnf;±kH;a&aumfrwD. aºu;a=umfoH … · 2016. 1. 15. · 1 ta&;awmfykH...

  • 1

    ta&;awmfykH *sme,f

    twGJ (1) trSwf(10)Armjynf uGefjrLepfygwD A[kdpnf;±k H;a&;aumfrwD. aºu;a=umfoH

    2012 / atmufwkdbm

  • 2

    ta&;awmfykH *sme,f

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    tar&duefoHtrwf Armjynfvm ±Hk;xkdifvkdufwm[m - &moDOwkaumif;vkd@ av;nif;vmcHwmr[kwf/ EkdifiHa&;&moD tajymif;tvJrSm ykÀm;wkdif vmtvkyfcHwmyg?tuGufcsvkd@ aumif;aeyg+yD? tajccH&+yDqkd&if wHqdyfwkH; ESdyfay;Ekdifr,fhae&m oGm;aygh » » »

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    csufawG ay;oGm;ovJ - 'gukdawmh jynfolawG odcGifhr&?

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    wcg - OD;odef;pdefu (tar&dum;rSmyJ) ‘jynfolvlxku a&G;vkd@ a':atmifqef;pk=unf orRwwufvkyf&ifvnf; ruef@uGufygbl;’ - vkd@ a=unmvkdufw,f?

    a':atmifqef;pk=unfuvnf; Armjynf jyefa&muf a&mufcsif; “jynfolkvkdvm;v#if wm0ef,lr,f”vkd@ ajymjyefygw,f?

    okd@aomf a':atmifqef;pk=unftzdk@ ‘ay;um;ay;. r&rSm’OD;odef;pdeftzkd@ ‘pm;um;pm;. r0rSm’ - pkd;&drfp&myJ?bmyJjzpfjzpf twkdiftazmufuawmh nDaeyg+yD?

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    - 2008 tajccHOya'udpP &Sif;Ekdif=urvm;/ 'gu udpPwck- ‘orRw-wcgyJ vkyfrSmyg’ajymcJhwJh OD;odef;pdefu ESpfcg

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    nDxdyfwkdufwkd;&rSmawGvnf; &Sdaew,fqkdwm ay:vmw,f/ xm;awmh » » »

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    rawG;xm;=uapcsifa=umif;yg? 19 atmufwkdbm 2012?

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  • 3

    ta&;awmfykH *sme,f

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    ygwDA[dk 17-10-12

    ArmjynfuGefjrLepfygwDygwDA[kd. xkwfjyefcsuf

    3/2012

    ArmjynfuGefjrLepfygwD ygwDA[kd. xkwfjyefcsuf

  • 4

    ta&;awmfykH *sme,f

    &ufpGJ (10/ 10/ 2012)

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  • 5

    ta&;awmfykH *sme,f

    AkdvfrSL;csKyfa[mif; ausmfaZm uG,fvGefjcif;twGufAuorsm;tzGJcsKyf.

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  • 6

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  • 7

    ta&;awmfykH *sme,f

    jrefrmhwyfrawmf xlaxmifcJhol &JabmfoHk;usdyf0if wOD;vnf;jzpf/ ArmjynfuGefjrLepfygwD A[kdaumfrwD0ifwOD;vnf;jzpf ol AkdvfrSL;csKyfa[mif;ausmfaZmonf 2012 ckESpf/ atmufwkdbmv (10) &ufae@ eHeuftapmykdif;wGifuG,fvGeftedpP a&mufcJha=umif; 0rf;enf;a=uuGJp&mowif;ukd rdrdwkd@jrefrmEkdifiH 'Drkdu&ufwpftiftm;pkrS=um;odcJh&ygonf?

    AkdvfrSL;csKyfa[mif;ausmfaZmonf ausmif;om;b0uwnf;u ausmif;om;or*~acgif;aqmifwOD;taejzifh vGwfvyf a&;}udK;yrf;r_xJwGif yg0ifcJhum jrefrmhwyfrawmfukd xlaxmifcJhol &JabmfoHk;usdyf0iftjzpf/e,fcJs@qef@usifa&;/ zufqpf awmfvSefa&;/ jrefrmEkdifiHvGwfvyfa&;/ w±kwfjzLusL;ausmfr_ wkdufyGJtwGif; &Gyf&Gyfc|Hc|HpGrf;aqmifEkdifcJhol wyfrSL;aumif;tjzpf/ jynfwGif;+idrf;csrf;a&;twGuf q&m}uD;ocifudk,fawmfr_dif;ESifhtwl+idrf;csrf;a&;azmfaqmifcJholtjzpf/ ppftm%m&Sifwdk@tm; ESvHk;ao;G;wpufusefonftxd pdwf"mwfckdifrmpGmqef@usifawmfvSefcJhaom ArmjynfuGefjrLepfygwD A[kdaumfrwD0ifwOD;tjzpf jrefrmEkdifiH &[ef;&Sifvl ausmif;om;jynfolw&yfvHk;t=um; ausmf=um;av;pm;cHcJh&ol wefzkd;rjzwfEkdifavmufEkdifonfh yk*~dKvfwOD;jzpfcJhygonf?

    touft&G,f}uD;&ifhr_t& uG,fvGeftedpPa&mufcJh&aomfvnf; AdkvfrSL;csKyfa[mif;ausmfaZm. EkdifiHtwGuf ay;qyfaqmif&GufchJr_/ *k%f&nfrsm;twGuf jrefrmEkdifiHjynfolw&yfvHk;rS tpm;xkd;r&avmufatmif ESajrmwrf;w 0rf;enf;a=uuGJ=u&ayrnf?

    rdrdwkd@ jrefrmEkdifiH 'Drkdu&ufwpftiftm;pk &Jabmfrsm;rSvnf; AkdvfrSL;csKyfa[mif;ausmfaZm uG,fvGefjcif;twGuf rdom;pk0ifrsm;ESifhxyfwl/ awmfvSefa&;&Jabmf&Jbufrsm;ESifhxyfwl/ jrefrmjynfoljynfom;rsm;ESifhxyfwl/a=uuGJ0rf;enf;&yga=umif; To0%fv$mESifh today; ta=umif;=um;tyfygonf?

    AkdvfrSL;csKyfa[mif;ausmfaZm aumif;&mok*wdvm;ygap?

    jrefrmEkdifiH'Drkdu&ufwpftiftm;pk

    &ufpGJ-2012 ckESpf/ atmufwkdbmv (11) &uf?

    AkdvfrSL;csKyfa[mif; ausmfaZm uG,fvGeftedpPa&mufjcif;twGufjrefrmEkdifiH 'Drdku&ufwpftiftm;pkrS ay;ykd@onfh

    0rf;enf;a=umif;o0%fv$m

    o0%fv$m

  • 8

    ta&;awmfykH *sme,f

    0rf;enf;a=umif;o0%fv$m

    &JabmfoHk;usdyf0if AkdvfausmfaZm(c)OD;wifonf 2012 ckESpf/ atmufwkdbmv (10) &ufae@ eHeuf 3; 30 em&DwGifuG,fvGefoGm;a=umif; =um;od&ojzifh usef&pfolrdom;pkESifhtwl xyfwlxyfr# 0rf;enf; a=uuGJ&ygonf?

    &JabmfoHk;usdyf0if AkdvfausmfaZm uG,fvGefoGm;jcif;onf rdom;pkESifh ArmjynfuGefjrLepfygwDtwGufomru wkdif;jynftwGufvnf; tpm;xkd;r&onfh qHk;±_H;r_wpfck jzpfygonf?

    AkdvfausmfaZmonf ukdvkdeDe,fcsJ@qef@usifa&;/ vGwfvyfa&;wkdufyGJESifh zufqpfawmfvSefa&;wkd@wGifwkdif;jynftwGuf pGrf;pGrf;wrH aqmif&GufchJholwpfOD; jzpfygonf? xkd@jyif EkdifiHtwGif;okd@ usL;ausmfajccsvmaomulrifwefw±kwfjzLwyfrsm;ukd ajymifajrmufpGm wkdufxkwfay;cJhaom wkdif;jynf. ol&Jaumif;wpfOD;jzpfygonf?

    AkdvfausmfaZmonf wkdif;jynfu cspf=unfav;pm;aom acgif;aqmifwpfa,mufjzpf+yD; ruG,fvGefrDtcsdefxd awmf vSefa&;wm0ef/ wkdif;jynfwm0efrsm;ukd wwfpGrf;or# }udK;yrf;aqmif&GufoGm;olvnf; jzpfygonf?

    u|Ekfyfwkd@taejzifh AdkvfausmfaZmtm; tav;teuf OD;!Gwf*k%fjyKvkduf+yD; AdkvfausmfaZm. wkdif;jynftwGuf/ awmfvSefa&;twGuf pGrf;pGrf;wrHaqmif&GufcJhr_rsm;ukd rSwfwrf;wif *k%f,laernfjzpfygonf?

    AkdvfausmfaZm (c) OD;wif aumif;&mok*wdvm;ygap? tvkyftr_aqmiftzGJ@

    jynfol@v$wfawmfukd,fpm;vS,frsm;tzGJ@(jrefrmEkdifiH)

    2012 ckESpf/ atmufwkdbmv (10) &uf

    o0%fv$m

  • 9

    ta&;awmfykH *sme,f

    2012 atmufwkdbm(10) &ufae@u uG,fvGefoGm;cJhwJhAk dvfrSL;csKyfa[mif; ausmfaZm (ac:) &JabmfOD;wifokd@ uefawmhyef;

    uAsmrsm;

    uefawmhyef; uAsmrsm;

    jynfol@ausmfaZm/ bausmfaZmtwGufE_wfqufuAsm ylaZmfygtHh?e,fcsJ@qef@usif/ wkdufyGJ0ifol?zufqpf*syef/ awmfvSefcJhol?usL;ausmfw±kwf wkdufxkwfcJhol?awmfvSefwyfrawmf azmfaqmif&mrSmOD;aqmifygol?r_dif;eJ@twl csdK;jzLv$wfolacwftqufquf jynfol@bufu vufeufukdifol?xkdolonfum; æb0wyg;okd@ ajymif;oGm;cJh+yD=u,feDtjzpf rdk;jymjrifhokd@vGifhwufoGm;+yD?xkd=u,feDonfurBmwnfoa&G@ jrefrmjynftwGuf=u,feDvrf;jy jzpfapownf/?uAsmq&m 'kd@oligvnf;urBmqufquf b0qufquf'kd@bouf&Snf =u,feDeDukd=unfndKazmf!̧ef; armfuGef;uAsma&;pDumv#if yg&rDjznfhzufawmfvSefbuf[k &Jabmf&Jbufjzpfapaomf? ?

    (2012 atmufwkdbm 13)

    uG,fvGefol Ak dvfcsKyfausmfaZmokd@

    armifpGrf;&nf

  • 1 0

    ta&;awmfykH *sme,f

    cspf&Jabmfa&tvGrf;awG xm;&pfcJhaygh'DrSmawmh woo usef&pf+yD?

    &yfwnfr_ &Sif;w,f jywfw,fjynfolawGukd &ifbwfeJ@cspfwJhoif[m æajrurBmukd +rJ+rJqkyfukdifrSwfwkdifwck pkdufcJh+yD?

    tbd"rRmukd&Sm0dZ…mynmawmifwufc&D;rSmrsufESmrl&m rrSm;cJhbl;?

    owWdpGef@v$wfr_ywWjrm;&nfvkd pkzGJ@odyfonf;orkdif;jrpfwpif;pD;qif;cJh+yD?

    jynfolawG&J@'kuQa0r#cHpm;oifhESvHk;om;rS aomupdwfcsvufcsom æ csefxm;cJhyg?

    oifht±dk;jym0okefajr&J@wae&mb,fae&mrSm&Sd&SdjynfolawG&J@ ESvHk;tdrfteuf±_dif;qHk;ae&m oif&SdaerSmtaotcsm jzpfw,f?

    cspf&Jabmfa& æwoufwmb0'geukokdvf jyKvkduf&+yDyJauseyfygawmh æ? ?

    AkdvfausmfaZmtvGrf;ajy

    zkd;eD

  • 1 1

    ta&;awmfykH *sme,f

    i,femrnf ‘armifa&$’vlvm;ajrmufvmawmh ‘ukda&$’wkd@Armtpnf;t±Hk;0if wa,mufjzpfvmawmh ‘ocifa&$’aygh?‘ukda&$’uae ‘ocifa&$’twGif;t0if;yqHk; *k%ftif[m±kd;*k%feJ@ rsdK;cspfpdwfe,fcsJ@qef@usifa&;pdwf"mwfeJ@ owWdaoG;vGwfvyfa&;}udK;yrf;r_ vrf;a=umif;ay:rSm awG@Ekdifw,f?

    tJ'D&J@aemuf-*syefukda&muf-[kdifeefa&mufxkdif0rfbufa&muf xkdif;ajra&mufaoG;azmuf opPma&aomufyGJ usif;yt+yD;&JabmfoHk;usdyf}uD;tjzpf ur̀nf;qiforkdif;0if armfuGef;wqifh twifrSm‘ocifa&$’[m ‘AkdvfausmfaZm’jzpfvmw,f?‘ocifa&$’uae -‘AkdvfausmfaZm’txdtwGif; t0if;yqHk; *k%fa&mif[m- tepfemcHr_eJ@ &J&ifhr_acgif;aqmifyDor_eJ@ wkdufZGJrmefzufqpfawmfvSefa&;atmifvH wvlvl=um;uomruw±kwfjzLusL;ausmfol armif;xkwfa&;vrf;a=umif;rSefay:uatmifarmif;oHwnHnH=um;uyg jrifEkdifw,f?

    ‘OD;wif’ odk@OD;wifvkd@ uefawmhyef;

    tJ'Daemufppftm%m&Sifpepfatmufu vGwfajrmufa&;vufeufukdifawmfvSefa&;ukd qifE$J&if;wlwHpOftvHukd v$ifhwifoHvGifarmajr wcGifay:rSm‘AkdvfausmfaZm’uae - ‘OD;wif’jzpfvmw,f?‘AkdvfausmfaZm’uae - ‘OD;wif’txdtwGif; t0if;yqHk; *k%fa&mif[m- &moufyefawmfvSefa&;orm;yDor_ wnf=unfr_eJ@ jynfcspfpdwf wzdwfzdwf &$ef;vuf aemufqHk;xGufouftxd jrifae& wb0wmvHk; jynfol@bufujzpfcJhw,f?

    OD;av;a&-‘ocifa&$’ukd av;pm;‘AkdvfausmfaZm’tm; pHerlemwif‘OD;wif’ukd =unfndKcJhwJh usaemf[m- tckawmh- rarhravsmh pdwftvsOfeJ@ ‘OD;wif’okd@ OD;wifvkd@ uefawmhvkdufyg&J@ aomif;xkdufurBm wnfapaomf? ?

    10/ 10/ 12ae@n(10/ 10/ 12 ae@rSm uG,fvGefoGm;&SmwJh &JabmfoHk;usdyf0if

    AkdvfcsKyfausmfaZmokd@ aemufqHk;*g&0-)

    (0if;wifhxGef;)

  • 1 2

    ta&;awmfykH *sme,f

    'Dvl}uD;udkaomif;csDy&dowfu0wfjyKuefawmhawmhrwwfav;pm;=unf!dkpGmai;pdkufem;axmifrsufawmifawG wzswfzswfcwfaewmq&m}uD;rd_if;eHab;rSmigawG@cJhzl;w,f?

    'Dvl}uD;udktpdrf;a&mif0wfpHk

    =u,feDOD;xkyfeJ@rSefbDvl; vnfrSmqGJvufxJ ajryHkw&GufeJ@ppfajrjyifwae&mrSmzufay: xrif;yHkpm;aewmigawG@cJhzl;w,f?

    'Dvl}uD;udkykqdk;wdkwdk0wfpGyffus,ftzmw&meJ@rkefnif;cif;uav;rSmaygufjym;aygufaewma&cyfavmif;aewm0e,fwae&mrSmigawG@cJhzl;w,f

    'Dvl}uD;udkwcsdK@u AdkvfcsKyfvdk@ac:w,fwcsdK@u OD;ausmfaZmwJhwcsdK@u wcsdK@u &JabmfOD;wifwJh'gayrJh iguawmh OD;av;OD;av;- OD;av;OD;av;yJ ac:cJhw,freufzefvnf; ac:r,fobufcgvnf; ac:OD;r,ftcuftcJawG &ifqdkif&wdkif;atmifyGJawG&wdkif;ac:aerdOD;r,fOD;av;OD;av;-OD;av;OD;av; ightyg;rSm t+rJ±SdaewJhtvm;?

    igwkd@eJ@twl csDwufaer,fhol

    zdk;oH(vlxk)

  • 1 3

    ta&;awmfykH *sme,f

    raºuapcsifwJh =u,fawGxJu=u,fwyGifh aºuvGifhcJhayr,fh æ

    e,fcsJ@qef@usifa&;zufqpfawmfvSefa&;jynfwGif;+idrf;csrf;a&;ypPnf;rJhjynfolvlxk}uD;tzdESdyfcH jynfolvlxk ætwGufycHk;xufu orkdif;wm0efukd xrf;&Sif;oef@ 0if;zef@wJh ol&Jaumif;&eH@awGeJ@vrf;jy=u,fwyGifhjzpfcJhwJh tbkd; æ &,f/

    orkdif;rSmol&Jaumif; =u,fawGaºuqif;cJhw,fqkdwmukd,fwkdifa&; twÎKỳwWdu(qkdif;pkrSonf ref[kdif;qDokd@)ESvHk;tdrfxd qGJiiftvif;tarSmif uGJjym;cJh&ygw,f tbdk; æ &,f?

    ckqkdnKdarSmifaer,fh qdkif;pkaumif;uif}uD;eJ@oHpOfwl ESvHk;aoG;awG æ ukdteDa&mif =u,fwyGifhuvGwfvyfcGifhawGeJ@ twltkyfrdk;vdk@ æ ?

    (ol&Jaumif; AkdvfrSL;csKyfa[mif; ausmfaZmokd@ vGrf;ol@uAsmjcif; æ)

    (11 &ufatmufwkdbm 2012)

    teDa&mif =u,fwyGifhodk@

    roE©m

  • 1 4

    ta&;awmfykH *sme,f

    qkdif;pkrSonfref[kdif;qD{&m0wD/ ,efpDjrpfzsm;ief;±kdif;rsm;&J@ c&D;&Snf?

    orkdif;awGuorkdif;ukdyJ a&;cJhr,f/orkdif;awGuorkdif;ukdyJ oifcJhr,f/orkdif;awGuorkdif;ukdyJ qHk;jzwfr,f/orkdif;awGuol&Jaumif;awG arG;zGm;w,f?

    vlwa,muf&J@orkdif;xkỳwf/ jzwfvrf;r&SdcJhygacs?

    aoi,faZmeJ@wrf;wajrmvGifhzl;cGifhr}uHK/ a&$wd*Hkukd ausmckdif;I?

    'Duae@reufta&S@qDrSmqnf;qmeD vGifhcJh+yDaum? ?(tb AkdvfcsKyfausmfaZmokd@)

    oHk;usdyfxJu wa,muf

    armifvGrf;%D

  • 1 5

    ta&;awmfykH *sme,f

    yckHk;ay:u acwfwm0efb,favmufausyGefvJqkawG wGJvJeJ@ wkdif;wmtJh'grS æjynfhpHkEkdif=uovm;?

    ol@ukd&Gmi,fi,fav;rSmarG;v,form;&J@ uav;ygyJ?bkef;}uD;ausmif;rSm pmoifwuUokdvf}uD;awGvJ r0ifzl;ygbl;?

    eHygwfwkwfatmufrSmrD;[kef;[kef;awmufcJhw,ftawmifaygufp cGyfa'gif;b0uu|efpdwfr0ifatmifocifvnf; jzpfcJhzl;w,f?yef;vkd rD;vkdusifhppfom;aumif;vnf; jzpfw,f?

    t*Fvdyfukd tmcH*syefukdawmfvSefqif;&Jom;awGtwGuf t+rJrSefcJhw,f?+idrf;csrf;a&;ukd jrwfEkd;ppfolckd;awGeJ@ vrf;cGJw,f?

    olysdK;wJhyef;olerf;roGm;&&Smbl;/ol@&Gmi,fav; a&;a&;awmifjrifroGm;&&Smbl;?a&$wd*kHukd zl;cGifhr&ayr,fh,Hk=unf&mukd tjrpfwG,fcef@cef@x,fx,f aoqHk;cJhw,f?

    rsdK;quf&Sifoefzkd@ajrmufbufukd ysHcJhw,f?awmifbuf ysHolawGukd tm;emvkd@=um;tvnfrSm &yfraeygtJ'grS &J&ifhwJh }udK;=um?

    jcaoFheJ@ ,kefjy\emukdaeomovkd raecJhbl;?wb0vHk;&if;tm;}uD;olawGukdppfcif;cJhw,f?

    'gayrJh æol@{nfhcef;rSmwleJ@wHZOf wvufpDuvGJqkqkdwJh wkd@vkd@wGJvJawGeJeJrS r&SdcJhbl;?

    vlxktwGuf æawmfvSefa&;eJ@ }uD;jyif;awmfvSefa&;ukd ±SL±_dufawmfvSefa&;ukd axG;csDaqG;aqG;eDwJh cGyfa'gif;tawmif b,fwkef;urS ranmif;cJh?

    ckawmhol&Jaumif;wkd@&Gmqkdif;pkaumif;uifrSmjrLawG&pfokdif;wJhatmufwkdbm&J@ nvnfcif;teDa&mif =u,fwpif;aºuaocsmwmu æ æolb,fawmhrS ajrrcbl;? ?

    (ol&Jaumif; AkdvfrSL;csKyfa[mif;ausmfaZmtwGuf*k%fjyKa&;pyfygonf?)

    ajrrcwJh =u,faºun

    oGifvif;atmif

  • 1 6

    ta&;awmfykH *sme,f

    Armjynf vGwfvyfa&;v_yf&Sm;r_ orkdif;&J@e,fcsJ@qef@usifa&;zufqpfawmfvSefa&;rSmol[m æ trsdK;om;ol&Jaumif;?

    jynfwGif;+idrf;csrf;a&; ppfppftwGufwkd;wufwJh v_yf&Sm;r_awGxJrSmol[mr_dif;/ Aef;armfwifatmif/ '*kefwm&mwdk@&J@&Jabmf?

    tvkyform; v,form;ypPnf;rJhjynfolvlxk&J@ wkdufyGJ0if wyfOD;rSmolu æ vufeufukdifawmfvSefa&;&J@ =u,fpifteD?

    ol@b0&J@tp æ tv,f æ tqHk;tzdESdyfcHvlxkbufrSwkdufyGJ0if ±kyfyHkv$m æ?

    tJ'D=u,fpifteDum;wkdufyGJ0if&if; }uD;jrwf*k%f,lp&m usqHk;cJhav+yD æ?

    ol@b0ukd twk,lol@&yfwnfcsufukd cH,loljyonfhvrf; vGwfajrmufa&;vrf;ukdwkduf&if; qufqufcsD=upkd@ æ? ?

    (&JabmfoHk;usdyf0if AkdvfrSL;csKyfa[mif; ausmfaZm ætrSwfw&)

    10/ 10/ 2012?

    &Jabmf}uD;OD;wif æ odk@

    urmykvJ

  • 1 7

    ta&;awmfykH *sme,f

    AkdvfcsKyfausmfaZmeJ@ u|efawmfwkd@ rdom;pk

    (onfpmukd ESajrmwo a=uuGJjcif;/ *k%f,ljcif;/0rf;enf;jcif;rsm;pGmjzif h u|efawmfa&;ygw,f)

    u|efawmfwkd@ i,fpOf taz&J@ qHk;roGefoifpum;rsm;xJrSm =um;&zefrsm;aom yHkjyifvkdvkd '¾m&Dvkdvkd ol@tawG@t}uHKrsm;xJu oltrsm;qHk; ajymavhajymxt&SdqHk;aomol ESpfa,mufuawmh AkdvfcsKyfatmifqef;eJ@ AkdvfausmfaZmyif jzpfygw,f? bDtkdifat/bD'Datwyfom;a[mif; u|efawmfhtaz bmjzpfvkd@ olwkd@ESpfa,mufukd av;pm;cJhovJ? u|efawmf tus,frcsJ@awmhyg? csJ@p&mvnf; rvkdyg? olwkd@ESpfa,muf[m wkdif;jynfvGwfvyfa&;twGuftzdESdyfcHjynfolvlxktwGuf ukd,fusdK;pGef@v$wfcJhwJh ±kd;om;wJh acgif;aqmifawGqkdwm wwkdif;jynfvHk; odaevkd@ygyJ?

    tazu u|efawmf rod rrDcJhwJh ta=umif;t&mawGukdu|efawmfhukd ajymjyavh&Sdygw,f? ol AkdvfcsKyfatmifqef;&J@ ukd,f&Hwyf&if;rSm aecJh&a=umif;/ *syefawmfvSefa&;umvu o&ufc±kdifrSm aecJh&a=umif;eJ@ awmfvSefa&;umv v#dK@0Sufaecsdef aoewfypfrdef@ wm;xm;wJhumvrSm tJ'Dwkef;u &JabmfawG tom;rpm;&iwfjywfaewma=umifh &Jabmfwa,mufu raeEkdifvkd@ qwfwaumif eD;eD;em;em;awG@wmeJ@ ypfvkdufrdwmukd AkdvfcsKyfu tjypfr,l/ “at;-igvnf; pm;csifw,fuGm/ aemufawmh xyfrypf=ueJ@”vkd@ajymcJhwmawG? tJvkdyJ AkdvfausmfaZm[mvnf; ±kd;om;wnf=unf

    +yD; &JabmfawGtay: !‡mwmaxmufxm;/ twlae twlpm;wwfa=umif; ajymjywwfygw,f?

    tazeJ@ wlwmuvnf; AkdvfausmfaZmeJ@ taz[m =unfhjrifwkdif q&mtwwfoif ausmif;qif;awGygyJ? tazu tJ'DurSbDtkdifatwyfxJ 0ifwmyg? vGwfvyfa&;&+yD;acwfrSmvnf; tazu ol@Zmwde,frSm ausmif;q&m jyefvkyfygw,f? rqvxJ r0ifygbl;? Akdvf&JxGËfwkd@u ol@ukd rqvygwD0if pnf;±Hk;wmawmif tai:wl;cJhygw,f? (bm-vcpm; ygwD0ifvJ/ ygwD0ifqkdwm jynfolawG&J@vkyfpmukd rpm;&bl;uG)wJh? tJ - oloGm;aeusuawmh ESpfpOf *syefawmfvSefa&;ae@rSm &Jabmfa[mif;awG awG@qHkyGJawGygyJ? e,frSmaewJh taz[m tJ'D&ufus&if &efukefukd rjzpfrae oGm;ygw,f? jyefvm&if AkdvfausmfaZmeJ@ awG@cJha=umif; ajymjywwfygw,f? tJ'DyGJawGrSm wcgu OD;armifarmifcwkd@ OD;oef;pdefwdk@u qkd&S,fvpf awmfvSefa&;u &ifhrSnfhae+yDvkd@ ajymwmeJ@ tazu rif;wdk@ awmfvSefa&;u &ifhrSnfh±Hkwifrubl;/ ykyf+yD; aºuusawmhrSmvkd@ ajymcJhw,fvkd@u|efawmfhukd ajymjyygw,f? tJ'Dtcsdefus&if AkdvfausmfaZmu +yHK;+yD;&,faewwfw,fvkd@ ajymjyygw,f? bmrS 0if rajymygbl;wJh?

    wcguvnf; AkdvfausmfaZmom; ti,fqHk;wa,mufq,fwef;rSm *k%fxl;rygvkd@ ppfnpf+yD; toufpGef@ygw,f? e,frSmaewJhtazu tokbukd ra&mufa&mufatmif oGm;ygw,f? jyefvmawmh ESajrmwojcif;rsm;pGmeJ@yg? olwkd@nDtpfukd armifESrawG

    AkdvfcsKyfausmfaZmeJ@ u|efawmfwkd@ rdom;pk

    atmifaoG;

    rarhwJhEkdif

  • 1 8

    ta&;awmfykH *sme,f

    xl;c|efxufjrufa=umif; b,fvkdjzpfoGm;vJrod qkd+yD; xHk;pHtwkdif; Akdvfae0if;ukdyJ qJygw,f?

    AkdvfausmfaZmwkd@ awmfvSefa&;e,fajrrxGufciftazu rqvtpkd;&&J@ txdef;odrf;cH&ygw,f? ol@udpPeJ@olyg? &efukefrSm oleJ@ (+rdwf) OD;xGef;pdefvm;/ bmu,fvfOD;xGef;pdefvm; rod/ wwGJwGJeJ@ bmawGvkyfaerSef; rodyg?ol@ukd vmzrf;awmh &efukeftdrfrSmyg? tJ'Dae@nu u|efawmfuvnf; pkd;&drfae&ygw,f? (ukd,fhudpPeJ@ ukd,fyg?)tazhukd jrefjrefzrf;oGm;ygapvkd@yJ qkawmif;ae&ygw,f?'D=um;xJ tazu u|efawmf jyifay;xm;wJh xrif;yGJukd at;at;aq;aq; pm;aeygao;w,f? awmfygao;&J@/ armifrif;}uD;om; axmufvSrf;a&;u tdrftjyifcef;ru pmtkyfpifukdyJ vSefygw,f? tdrfxJ r0ifvkd@yg? tdrfxJrSmu u|efawmfapmapmurS ajrmufOuUvmyrSm pmul;pufeJ@ul;vmwJhrmhufpfvDeif0g' 0g'jzef@csda&;pmpOfawGu rif rajcmufao;?axmufvSrf;a&;u c%av;yg OD;av;vkd@ ajymawmh tazu u|efawmhfukd tdyf&mvdyf jyifckdif;ygw,f? taz axmifwESpfausmf usygw,f? ol axmifu vGwfvmawmh AkdvfausmfaZmwkd@ xGufoGm;yg+yD? axmifxJu owif;uvnf;jrefvkdufwm? AkdvfausmfaZmu awmom;vkd tnmwbuf}uD; acgif;aygif;/ erf;crf;+rdK@ukd ajymif;vmwJh q&m0efr&J@ taz/ OD; a&$qkdwJh rSwfyHkwifeJ@ &efol@*dwfukd jzwfoGm;+yD; vGwfajrmufa'o a&mufoGm;a=umif; tm;&yg;&ajymygw,f? tJ'Dtcsdef u|efawmfuvnf; &efukefygwDaumfrwDu qufom;v$wfvkd@ vGwfajrmufa'ooGm;zkd@ jyifaewmyg? tazu u|efawmfhukd &dyfrdygw,f? u|efawmf bmrSrajymayr,fh u|efawmfhukd AkdvfcsKyfausmfaZmawG@&if ajymzkd@rSmygw,f? AkdvfausmfaZmwkd@u vGwfajrmufe,fajrukd1976 ckESpf Zlvkdifv a&muf? u|efawmfu 1976 =o*kwfvykdif;rSm a&mufygw,f?

    olwkd@rdom;pku e,fpyfuwqifh ygwDA[kdukdxGufoGm;yg+yD? u|efawmfu e,fpyf vGwfajrmufa'o rSmyJa&muf/ &efukefygwDaumfrwD&J@ tpD&ifcHpmukd a=u;eef;eJ@ykd@+yD; jyefvm? b,fvkdvkyf+yD; awG@EkdifrSmvJ AkdvfausmfaZmukd?'DvkdeJ@ 1978 rSm u|efawmf awmfvSefa&;a'oukd t+yD;xGufygw,f? tJ'DtcgrSmvnf; u|efawmfhukd AkdvfausmfaZm awG@&if ajymzkd@ udpPawG wwGwfwGwf rSmygw,f? u|efawmf

    uvnf; ygwDA[kd oufqkdif&mwm0ef&SdoluvGJ+yD; wkduf±kdufajymcGifhr&Sdyg? u|efawmfu ajratmufvkyfief; vkyfae& olrdk@yg? 'DvkdeJ@ vGJcJh&jyefygw,f?

    1983 rSm u|efawmf jynfwGif; jyefqif;cJhygw,f?'Dtacguf ygwDA[kdu u|efawmhfukd tazeJ@vnf; oGm;awG@cGifh ay;cJhygw,f? &efukef usdKuUqHbk&m;ukef;awmfay:rSmu|efawmfhtazukd awG@cJhygw,f? tJ'g[m tazhukd u|efawmf aemufqHk; awG@jrif&jcif;ygyJ? tJ'DtacgufrSmvnf;xkHk;pHtwkdif; AdkvfausmfaZmukd rSmygw,f? owd&a=umif;eJ@b,folawGu b,fvkd tajctaeaygh? jyefvmawmh u|efawmfvnf; ygwDA[kdukdyJ wifjyygw,f? OD;av;AdkvfausmfaZmeJ@ awG@ayr,fh u|efawmf[m b,folb,f0gqkdwmajymzkd@ E_wfwGef@aecJhygw,f?

    'DvkdeJ@ &Spfav;vHk; ta&;awmfyHkt}udKumva&mufvmyg+yD? jynfwGif;ukdjzef@wJh pmapmifpmwrf;awGukd&Jabmfzkd;oHacsmif;&J@ OD;aqmifr_eJ@ aumfyD,meJ@ y&ifh xkwfygw,f? wcgwav OD;av;u u|efawmfwkd@ukd ol ul;csifwJh ajryHkawGukd ul;ckdif;wwfygw,f? ol@tcef;rSm t+rJwrf;vkdvkd wukwfukwfeJ@ a&;om;zwfrSwfaewmyg? b,fvkdvkyf pum;ajymcsdef&rSmvJ? ta&;awmfyHkjzpfvmawmhajratmufqif;vmwJh AkdvfausmfaZmom;rufukd tazuwm0ef,l+yD; v#dK@0Sufaexkdifapygw,f? u|efawmfh nDrjzpfoltultnDeJ@ aeapwmyg? aemufykdif;rSmawmh opPmazmufawGa=umifh u|efawmfhtaz/ u|efawmfhtar/ u|efawmfhnDrwdk@[m AkdvfausmfaZmom;ruf/ AkdvfausmfaZmorD;q&mr a':pef;ausmfaZmwdk@eJ@twl axmifusygw,f?taz[m AkdvfausmfaZmeJ@ AkdvfausmfaZm ,Hk=unfwJh ygwDudk tvkyftau|;jyK&if; axmifusum axmifxJrSmyJ usqHk;oGm;cJhygw,f?

    ygwDtvHawmfatmuf tESpf 30 ausmftwGif;rSm u|efawmfeJ@ r=umc%awG@/ twlwl c&D;oGm;cJh=u/wkdufyGJ 0ifcJh=uayr,fh u|efawmfhukd Akdvfpufa&mif&J@om;rSef;rodcJhwJh/ tazav;pm;,Hk=unfcJhwJh &JabmfausmfaZm xm0pOf O'gef; wGifygap æ æ

    atmifaoG;20-10-2012?

  • 1 9

    ta&;awmfykH *sme,f

    (1 - 10 - 2012)(1) ta0;rSm ppfjzpfwmawmh w+cdrf;+cdrf;yJ? ajymcsifwmu tm&Sawmifydkif;rSm jzpf

    rjzpfudk ajymcsifwmyg? w±kwfu ig;r#m;u|ef; (awsmuf,GD) vdk@ac:+yD; *syefupifumul(bmt"dym̀,frSef;rod/ &Sdawmh&Sdvdrfhr,f) ac:wJhu|ef;uav; wpk&J@udpPuae ppfjzpfEdkifw,f? w±kwf&J@ taemufawmifbufu Armjynfukd rkcsygvmatmif vkyf=urSmyJ?

    u|efawmfwdk@oabmxm;u -

    udk,fhtajccHtusdK;pD;yGm;udk rxdcdkuf&if ab;a&Smifae&r,f?tck vGwfvyfwJhArmjynf jzpfae+yD? a&Smifvdk@ &w,f? udk,fhtrsdK;om;tusdK;pD;yGm;udkyJ OD;xdyfxm;&r,f? b,foluqG,fqG,f rygpwrf; wif;cHzdk@vdkw,f?

    EdkifiH}uD;awGqdkwmu udk,fryg&wJh ppfyGJrSm =um;uae tjrwfxkwfcsif=uwmcsnf;yJ? Armpum;yHku ‘=uufvnf;yef;,mvnf;nuf’ vkyfcsif=uw,f? w±kwfuawmh ‘usm; (2)aumif udkufwm awmifay:u xdkif=unfh’ qdkvm;? xdkif=unfhwm oufoufyJ? Armpum;yHkurS =uuf (2) aumifvnf;&/udk,fh,mvnf;nufwmrdk@ ydkqDavsmfw,fxifw,f?

    'Dpum;ajym&wmu 20 &mpk&J@ ‘40’ pkESpfawGutawG@t}uKHt& ajymwmyJ? (1931) uwnf;u *syefeJ@w±kwf wdkufae=uwmyJ? tJ'Dwkef;u t*Fvdyf/ tar&duefu‘cGpm;’aewmyJ? *syefu w±kwfwjynfvHk;odrf;r,fqdkrS a&eHudkjzwf/ ppftwGufvdktyfwJh obm0o,HZmwrSefor#udkjzwfawmh *syef&J@txdrcHEdkifwJh tajccHtusdK;pD;yGm; xdvmvdk@*syefu ykvJqdyfurf; tvpftidkufwdkuf+yD; ypdzdwfork'N&mwjcrf;udk pdk;rdk;zdk@ vkyfvm&wmyJ?

    ppfjzpfOD;rvm;

    tawG;/ tjrif

    b0if;

  • 20

    ta&;awmfykH *sme,f

    *smreDemZDuvnf; a[mfvef/ jyifopfudk Edkifvdkufawmh ta&S@awmiftm&Sutxufyg 2 EkdifiHydkif udkvdkeDawGudkvnf; tvG,f odrf;Edkifr,fqdkwmwGufvdk@ a&eH/owWK/ =uufaygifap; t&if;tjrpfawG &SdwJha'oudk odrf;csifwmyJ? [pfwvmtpdk;&u*syefudk qdkAD,uf&J@ ta&S@bufuae wdkufapcsifw,f? wdkuf&if qdkufaA;&D;,m;opfawm}uD;eJ@a&cJjrpf}uD;yJ &rSmyJ? 'ga=umifh a&eHawG &Edkifr,fh/ obm0t&if; tjrpfawG&SdwJh awmifydkif;udk *syefu OD;vSnfhwmjzpfw,f?

    u|efawmfwdk@oHk;oyfcsufu - txdrcHEdkifwJh tajccHtrsdK;om;tusdK;pD;yGm;udk xdvm&if ppfjzpfrSmyJ?

    *k%fouQmtwGufawmh ppfrjzpfbl;?

    w±kwf - *syef ppfjzpf&if tar&duefu *syefbufyif;wJh ‘=um;aea&;’ vkyfr,f xifw,f? tar&duef&J@ tajccH trsdK;om; tusdK;pD;yGm;u wu,fawmh tm&SrSm r&Sdbl;?Oa&myrSmawmif r&Sdbl;? ol@ywf0ef;usifrSmyJ &Sdw,f?

    tckvdk ò*[fwkacwf/ tEkjrLacwf/ wdkufcsif;ypf'Hk;ysHacwfrSm ppfxJygzdk@txyfxyfpOf;pm;vdrfhr,f? ‘2 bufpvHk;’ ausðyef;r,fqdkwJht,ltq (MAD) uvnf;&Sdaew,f? 'ga=umifh tar&duefu =um;ae[efaqmif+yD; *syefbuf yif;vdrfhr,f? tm&Stxl;ojzifh ypdzdwfurf;ajctaemufydkif;rSmyJ uef@owfppf jzpfEdkifw,f?

    'Du|ef;uav;udpPrSm w±kwfjynfr}uD;eJ@xdkif0rf aygif;pnf;rdoGm;atmif vkyfay;ovdkjzpfrSm pdk;rSmyJ? (tckjy\emjzpfaewJh u|ef;uav;awGudpPu (KMT) csefau&Sdwftpdk;&u pcJhwJhudpPyg?) tajccH trsdK;om;tusdK;pD;yGm;eJ@ywfoufvm&if w±kwfawGu nD!Gwfavh&SdwJhordkif; &Sdygw,f?

    (2) ^m%fwxGmwrdkufeJ@ udpP}uD;udkifw,fvdk@ qdkcsifqdkyg? Armjynf&J@ ‘tajccHtrsdK;om;tusdK;pD;yGm;’ bufuyJu|efawmfwdk@ &yfwnfaea=umif; tm;vHk;odapzdk@ a&;ygw,f?

    b0if;

    pmrl&Sifrsm;okd@- 2008 tajccHOya' wkdufzsufa&;/ jynfol@tiftm;pkpnf;a&; &nfrSef;csufjzifh ‘ta&;awmfykH *sme,f’twGuf pmrlrsm; zdwfac:tyfygw,f?- ‘ta&;awmfykH *sme,f’ukd awmfvSefa&;umvwav#muf a&&Snfxkwfa0oGm;rSm jzpfygw,f?- aqmif;yg;rsm;/ tEkynmzefwD;r_trsKd;rsKd;/eJ@ &opmay/ umwGef;rsm; ay;ykd@Ekdifygw,f?- aqmif;yg;yg tcsuftvufrsm;uawmh ckdifrmwduszkd@ vkdygw,f? &nfnȩf; (Ref:) zkd@ vkd&if twdtus azmfjyzkd@vnf; vkdygw,f?- pmrlay;ykd@&if [email protected] qkdwJh vdyfpmeJ@ ay;ykd@Ekdifygw,f?

    av;pm;pGmjzifhæ pmwnf;tzGJ@

  • 21

    ta&;awmfykH *sme,f

    (1) Auy u Oya'yygwDjzpfvdk@ pOf;pm;awG;ac:wmrSm Oya'wGif;ygwDawGeJ@rwlEdkifyg? Auy u ‘2015 a&G;aumufyGJ’ udk rar#mfyg? tJ'DrwdkifrD bmawGjzpfEdkifovJqdkwmudk aZmif;ay;pOf;pm;ygw,f?

    EdkifiHa&;ygwDawG/ EdkifiHa&;tiftm;pkawG[m udk,fh&yfwnfcsuf/ tjrif/ enf;emrsm;t& v_yf&Sm;&wmjzpfvdk@ rwluGJjym;=uwm obm0usygw,f? 'gayrJh tedrfhqHk; wlEdkifwm bm&SdrvJqdkwmudk &Sm}uH=u&rSmyg? 'ga=umifh 'Daqmif;yg;udk a&;ygw,f?

    (2) 'Daqmif;yg;rSm 2012 pufwifbmvu 2015 ckESpf ESpfukefcgeD;xd umv (3)ESpfavmuftwGif; ArmjynfrSm bmawGajymif;vJvmEdkifovJ qdkwmudkpOf;pm;ygw,f?

    ajymif;vJEdkifwmawGu -

    (u) &cdkifrSmvdk ta&;ay:tajctae a=unm&wJha'o wdk;rsm;vmEdkifwmyJ?&cdkifudpPu EdkifiHwumhudpPvdk jzpfvmaew,f? yg0ifywfoufcsifolawG rsm;vmaew,f?'g aumif;wJhudpP r[kwfyg?

    t}uH}uD;wJh Adkvfae0if;vdk ppfAdkvfu tm%modrf;yGJvkyfzdk@ csufaumif;&Edkifygw,f? (1962 rwfvu erlemudk =unfhyg?)

    (c) yxp OD;Ektpdk;&rSm OD; - Adkvf -ocif uGJrvdkvdk jzpfaew,f? 1960 a&G;aumufyGJrSm *Gif (cGif) vHk;u|wfeD;yg; tEdkif&wmrSm ightpGrf;a=umifhvdk@ xif=uolawGcsnf;jzpfaew,f?

    tckvnf; NLD rSm ukvm;xdkifvkyGJ ay:vmvdk@ vk=u/ ,uf=u/ ukwf=u/ zJh=u/wdkif=u/ awm=u jzpfaew,fvdk@ em,uOD;wifOD;u nnf;nLw,fvdk@ zwf&w,f?OD;wifOD;udk,fwdkif pdwfraumif;bl;vdk@ qdkw,f? OD;Ek&J@ ‘1962’ u nnf;csif;eJ@ wlaew,f?

    2015 rwdkifrD bmawGjzpfEdkifovJ ?

    tawG;/ tjrif

    aumif;ZH

  • 22

    ta&;awmfykH *sme,f

    (*) ‘2008 tajccHOya'’ u tusyftwnf; awG@p jyKaew,f? ‘2008 tajccHOya'’ u‘xD;+ydKifeef;+ydKif’ awGay:atmif wrifa&;qGJxm;wm jzpfw,f? tjyeftvSef xdef;!‡d=uzdk@qdkwJh &nf&G,fcsuf r&Sdygbl;? ‘±Hk;w±Hk; "m;wpif;’ tyf+yD; udk,fhrif; udk,fhcsif; xif&mpdkif;=uzdk@ pDpOfxm;wm jzpfw,f?tm;vHk;uvnf; }uH@§zGwf awGcsnf;yg?

    (C) tar&duef - w±kwf yg0gaysmhvGefyGJ jyif;xefvmaecsdef/ ASEAN tzGJ@ tufa=umif;xifaecsdef 2014 ckESpfrSm Armjynfu OuUÏvkyf&rSmyg? uarBm'D;,m; ASEAN xdyfoD;tpnf;ta0;uawmhxkwfjyefcsuf rxkwfEdkifbJ +yD;qHk;oGm;w,f? 'g[m tufa=umif;xifoGm;wmyg? Armjynfu OuUÏvkyfwJhESpfrSm bmjzpfrvJ rajymwwf ygbl;? tufa=umif;u uGJa=umif;jzpfwm jzpfvmEdkifacs&Sdygw,f?

    (i) urBmhtajctae raumif;ygbl;? w±kwf/ tdENd,/ xdkif;wdk@u olwdk@vkyfcGifh&xm;wJhpDrHudef;awGudk wufokwf±dkuf vkyf=urSmyg? aemufrS wdk;0ifvmwJh tar&duef/ EU wdk@uvnf; ae&m0ifvk=urSmyg?

    (3) 'Dvdk tajctaersdK;rSm Auy u 2015 xuf (2012) (2013) (2014) udk ydk+yD; pdwf0ifpm;ygw,f?a&G;aumufyGJ vkyfjzpf&if 2015 ESpfukefydkif;rSmyJ jzpfrSmyg? tJ'DrwdkifrD bmjzpfrvJ? 'gudkyJpOf;pm;ygw,f?

    jynfol@'Drdkua&pD&J@ tajccHvlwef;pm;/ vl@tv$mawG&J@ ta&;udkyJ pOf;pm;ygw,f?

    tvkyform;or*~/ v,form;or*~/ ausmif;om;or*~eJ@ trsdK;om;t&if;&Sifrsm;&J@tzGJ@tpnf; (c±dkeDawG rygwJhtzGJ@tpnf;) tifeJ@tm;eJ@ vGwfvGwfvyfvyf jzpfay:vmzkd@yJtm;xkwfygr,f?

    'Dvdk tajctaersdK;rSm Auy u 2015 xuf (2012) (2013) (2014)udk ydk+yD; pdwf0ifpm;ygw,f? a&G;aumufyGJ vkyfjzpf&if 2015 ESpfukefydkif;rSmyJ jzpfrSmyg? tJ'DrwdkifrD bmjzpfrvJ? 'gudkyJ pOf;pm;ygw,f?

    jynfol@'Drdkua&pD&J@ tajccHvlwef;pm;/ vl@tv$mawG&J@ta&;udkyJ pOf;pm;ygw,f?

    aumif;ZH

  • 23

    ta&;awmfykH *sme,f

    (1) tm;vHk;eJ@ 0dkif;+yD; pOf;pm;csifvdk@ wifjywmyg?

    (2) pOf;pm;&rSmu

    ‘2015 v$wfawmfa&G;aumufyGJ’ udkcsnf;yJ tm±Hka&mufrae=ubJ 2015 rSm tmqD,H vGwfvyfwJh ukefoG,fa&;{&d,m (AFTA) jzpfvm&if Armjynftay: b,fvdk tusdK;oufa&mufr_awGjzpfvmEdkifrvJ? bmawGudk }udKwifjyifqifxm;&rvJ? (c±dkeDawGeJ@ tm%mydkifawGawmhjyifae+yD?)

    2015 ra&mufcif urBmeJ@ArmrSm bmtajymif;tvJawG &SdOD;rvJ? urBmuawmh }uD;us,fygw,f? ArmrSm ta&;ay:tajctae a=unm&wmawG xyf&SdOD;rvm;? a&G;aumufyGJ aumfr&Sifuaum bmOya'awG xkwfOD;rvJ? a&G;aumufyGJ0ifr,fh EdkifiHa&;ygwDawGtay: bmawG‘}uD;=uyf’ OD;rvJ?

    (3) owdðy&rSmu

    ppfaumifpDu odyfwufºuaew,f? trsdK;om;nDvmcHusif;ya&;OuUÏ AdkvfcsKyf}uD;odef;pdefb0wkef;u r&cJhwmawGudk tck orRw}uD;OD;odef;pdefb0rSm &aevdk@ odyfwufºuaew,f?

    EdkifiHwumtajctaeuvnf; ajymif;jyef+yD? vufawG@tm%m&SdaeolawGudk ypm;ay; odrf;oGif;=uwJhumv jzpfw,f? ‘tpdk;&tajymif;tvJ’ ‘'Drdkua&pDa&; vl@tcGifhta&;’ awGudkab;csdwf=uwJhumv jzpfw,f?

    jynfwGif;EdkifiHa&;uvnf; ajymif;ae+yD? ‘y±dkydkp,fwif 'kdem&SmwJh EdkifiHa&;’ u jynfwGif;odk@ajymif;vm+yD? jynfolvlxkwGif;rSm ±_yfaxG;r_awG trsdK;rsdK;jzpfvmawmhr,f? tckudkyJ t&dyfta,mifawG ay:ae+yD?

    (4) ed*Hk;?

    - pOf;pm;&r,fh/ owdjyK&r,fhudpPawG&J@ acgif;pD;awGudkyJ wifjywmyg? Auy b,fvdkpOf;pm;w,f/ bmawGowdjyKr,fqdkwmudkawmh tvsOf;oifhovdk qufvufwifjyygr,f?

    pOf;pm;p&meJ@owdðyp&mawG

    tawG;/ tjrif

    &JabmfnKdarmi f

  • 24

    ta&;awmfykH *sme,f

    “uGefjrLepfjzpfjzpf/ b,foljzpfjzpf tvkyfvkyf&if tvkyfvkyfwJholwGifus,fr,fqdkwmudkawmh tm;vHk;em;vnfzdk@ vdkw,f?”

    (AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;)

    (1) 'Dpum;udk p+yD;ajymwm u|efawmfwdk@qDrSm jzpfw,f? zqyvpnf;±Hk;a&;twGuf txufArmjynfodk@ zqyv acgif;aqmif}uD;awG yxrqHk;t}udrf qif;vmcsdefyJ? AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;/ocifoef;xGef;/ OD;ausmf+idrf;/ OD;baz polwdk@ ygw,f? rE©av;bufuae p+yD;vSnfhvmwmyg?

    (2) tJ'Dwkef;u t*FvdyfudkvdkeDtpdk;&u awmfvSefa&;orm;awGudk ‘awmfvSefa&;twGif; vlowfr_’ eJ@ zrf;qD;±Hk;wif ppfaq;aecsdefyJ? u|efawmfwdk@wawGvnf; *syefolv#dK (ykÀm;b!Gef@)owfr_eJ@ tzrf;cH&w,f? puf&Sif±Hk;rSm tppfcH&+yD; vGwfvmcgp jzpfygw,f?

    awmfvSefa&;udk acgif;aqmifcJhzl;olwdkif; ‘vlowf’cJh&wmyg? awmfvSefa&;rvkyfzl;olrSm 'D ‘jypfr_’ r&Sdygbl;?

    (3) rdrdwdk@qDrSm zufqpfawmfvSefa&;+yD;awmh csufcsif;yJ ‘zqyv’ eJ@ ‘Auy’ w&m;0ifzGJ@pnf;w,f? qdkif;bkwfwifw,f?(atmufArmjynfrSm awmfvSefa&;vkyf&wkef;yg?) b,frSmrS‘rSwfyHkwif’ wm rvkyfbl;? cGifhðycsuf r,lygbl;? ,lp&mvnf;b,fXmerS r&Sdbl;?

    (ajym&OD;r,f?) udkodef;az (jrifh) &J@ !ïef=um;r_eJ@ ba&muf'g0g' vrf;!ïefcsufeJ@ vufeuftyf&r,fqdkawmh vSnf;tpD; (30) wdkufvufeufawG u|efawmf o,fvmw,f? tyf&r,fhae&m/ Xme &SmrawG@bl;? wòr@vHk;vSnfh+yD; vufeuftyf&r,fhae&m &Smw,f? rawG@bl;? +Adwdo# ppfajrjyifaxmufvSrf;a&;wyf (FIC) tyfw,f? ppfajrjyif vHkðcHa&;wyf (FSS) tyfw,f? vufrcHbl;? olwdk@rSm 'DvufeufawG vufcH

    EdkifwJh tcGifhtm%m r&Sdbl;wJh? vSnf;q&mawGuvnf; ae@vnfrGef;wnfhtxd bmrSrpm;&ao;bl;? pdwfr&Snfawmhbl;? aemufqHk;awmh‘oufqdkif&mrS vufcH&ef’ vdk@ pma&;+yD; ykvdyf&mZ0wf0ef±Hk;atmufjrufawmxJrSm yHkxm;cJh&w,f? (rdrdb0rSm temusifqHk;jzpf&yfyJ?ygwD0ifqdkawmh A[dkcsKyfudkifr_ emcH&wmyJ? CAS(B)a&mufvmawmhrS apmapmuajymovdk tzrf;cH&/ puf&Sif±Hk;wuf& jzpfawmhwmyg?)

    (4) udk,fhbmom ‘zqyv’ eJ@ ‘Auy’ qdkif;bkwf p+yD;wifwmu bkef;}uD;ausmif;rSmyJ? tJ'DrSmu t*Fvdyf/ ukvm; uGefjrLepfAkdvfawG 0if&xGuf& cufw,f? 'ga=umifhyJ òr@xJaps;teD;u wdkufcef;uav;iSm;+yD; ‘qdkif;bkwfawG’ wif&w,f?

    qdkif;bkwfwifawmh t*Fvdyf/ ukvm; ppfAdkvfawGyJ wifay;=uwmyg? qdkif;bkwfvnf; olwdk@a&;ay;w,f?'ga=umifh u|efawmfwdk@wifwJh qdkif;bkwfrSm t*FvdyfpmvHk;i,fi,feJ@ The qdkwm a&S@qHk;u ygaew,f? +yD;rS ‘pmvHk;}uD;’ eJ@ (CPB) &J@ pmvHk;t&Snf a&;xm;w,f? ArmvdkrSmawmh bmrSrygbl;? ‘ArmjynfuGefjrLepfygwD’ yJ? t*Fvdyfua&;ay;wJh The qdkwm}uD; ygaewmudk u|efawmfwdk@u odyfrvdkbl; xifw,f? 'gayrJh udk,fu t*Fvdyfpm rwwfwacgufyJ wwf=uwmqdkawmh vufcHxm;vdkufw,f?

    (5) qdkif;bkwfwif+yD;rS òr@rsufESm}uD; EdkifiHa&;0g&ifhawG (tm;vHk;)udk zqyv OuUÏvkyfzdk@ vdkufurf;vSrf;w,f? b,folrSvufrcHbl;? a=umuf=uw,f?

    'geJ@ udk,fhq&m}uD;jzpfwJh ae&Sife,fausmif;tkyf}uD; OD;usifapmudk tyluyfw,f? q&m}uD;u vufcHw,f?vufcH±Hk rubl;? rif;wdk@±Hk;awG 'Dudkajymif;vm=uvdk@ajymawmh ae&Sife,fausmif;&J@ rsufESmpmrSm&SdwJh wdkufwvHk;rSmqdkif;bkwfawG topfa&;+yD; wifw,f?

    tv,fcef;r}uD;rSm ‘zqyv’ qdkif;bkwf/ nmbufrSm ‘Auy’ qdkif;bkwf/ b,fbufrSm ‘awmifolv,form; or*~’ qdkif;bkwf wifw,f?

    oufqdkifolrsm; owdðyrdapzdk@

    a&$atmifpnf(8 - 10 - 2012)

  • 25

    ta&;awmfykH *sme,f

    AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;wdk@vmawmh u|efawmfwdk@ tJ'DrSma&mufae+yD? tcef@om; jzpfae+yD? udkausmf+idrf;u qdkif;bkwfawGawG@+yD;+yD?

    ae@cif;ydkif;rSm òr@rsufESmzHk;awGeJ@ awG@w,f? ‘"m;r’(a[mif;)/ ‘rsdK;cspf’ (a[mif;) &[ef;awG ygvmw,f? AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;eJ@ ocifoef;xGef;yJ 'dkifcHajymwmyg? udkausmf+idrf;wcGef;rS rajymbl;? OD;bazu wcgyJ 0ifajymw,f? tJ'guvnf;EdkifiHa&;&[ef; (2) yg;u ArmjynfeJ@tif'dkeD;&Sm; b,folu p+yD;vGwfvyfa&;&rvJ ar;vdk@yJ? ocifoef;xGef;u 'Dbkef;}uD;awGta=umif; rodbl;? 'ga=umifh &Snf&Snfa0;a0; ajymw,f? oHCm(2) yg;u t*FvdyfpmwwfawGyJ? olwdk@tuGufxJ 0if+yDqdk+yD; em;axmifaew,f?

    OD;bazu =um;jzwf+yD; 0ifajymw,f? ('Dbkef;}uD;awGta=umif; olodw,f? ol@ ‘ig;yGifhqdkif’ u bkef;}uD;awGyJ? odwmaygh?)

    OD;baz ajymwmu ‘'Dr,f bkef;}uD;wdk@ar;wJh ar;cGef;u academic ar;cGef;yJ? bkef;}uD;wdk@&J@ oabmxm;yJ ajymygOD;’vdk@ ydwfajymw,f? bkef;}uD; (2) yg; E_wfqdwfoGm;w,f?

    udkausmf+idrf;u ae@cif;ydkif;rSm bmwcGef;rS rajymayr,fhnydkif; ‘csdefjynfh&JabmfawG’ &J@ ‘General Body pcef;vHk;u|wftpnf;ta0;’usrS olup+yD; ajymw,f? (OD;bazwdk@ rygawmhbl;?) olu rEWav;rSm bmajymcJhovJawmh rodbl;? cHpm;csufawmh &SdcJhyHk&w,f? (vlxkOD;vS/ vlxka':trmudk tJ'DtmCmweJ@ ol rdk;aumif;awmh zdESdyfaewmyJvdk@ wGufw,f?)

    u|efawmfwdk@qDrSmawmh aygufuGJwmyJ? ‘zqyv’qdkif;bkwfeJ@ ‘Auy’ ‘wvo’ qdkif;bkwfawG twlwGJ+yD; wifxm;wm[m zqyvudk uGefjrLepfawG vuf0g;}uD;tkyfaew,fqdkwm ajAmifazmfjywmyJvdk@ pGyfpGJw,f? trsm;}uD; ajymygw,f?

    tJ'DusawmhrS AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;u ‘txufrSmudk;um;cJhwJhpum;’ udk ydwf+yD; ajymwmyg? ocifoef;xGef;ubmrS 0ifrajymbJaew,f? udkausmf+idrf; yg;pyfydwfoGm;w,f?

    (6) tckwavmrSm ‘zqyv OD;ausmf+idrf;’ ta=umif; a&;wmawGzwf&ygw,f? olrdk;aumif;wkef;u vkyfcJhwmawGudk ‘cH&olawG’bufu bmrSrajymbJaewm[m aooGm;oludk zdaxmif;wmrvkyfcsifvdk@yg? tcka&;wmuvnf; ‘tm%mr&rD b,folawGpGef@v$wfpGef@pm; vkyfcJh+yD; tm%m&awmh b,fvdkvlrsdK;awG 0dkif;0dkif;vnfwwfovJ’ qdkwmudk odzdk@yJ a&;ygw,f?

    zqyv OuUÏvkyfzdk@ vufwGef@cJholawGtm;vHk; aemifrSm c±dkif/ òr@e,f zqyv OuUÏae&m 0dkif;vk=uwm b,folawGqdkwm (rvdkvdk@) ra&;bJ xm;ygw,f? wckyJ ajymygr,f? u|efawmfwdk@qDrSm tm%mrJhb0u qdk&S,fvpfygwD trnfcH0Hholwa,mufrS r&SdcJhbl;? qdkif;bkwfwifzdk@awmh a0;ygao;w,f?1948 rwfv aemufydkif;usrS tv#dKv#dKay:wmyJ? ukvm;xdkifvkyGJu qdk&S,fvpfeJ@jynfol@&JabmfawG/ woD;yk*~vawGyJ jzpfw,f? AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;&Sdwkef;u jynfol@&Jabmfudk rxd&JwJhOD;ausmf+idrf;[m jynfol@&Jabmfudk &efvkyfvmw,f? 'ga=umifhjynfol@&Jabmf awmcdk&w,f? awmwGif;u ‘Auy’ touf&SLaygufacsmifoGm;w,f? olwdk@om awmrcdk&if u|ef awmfwdk@(txuf ArmjynfrSm) awmykef;pHzJomomyJ vkyf EdkifrSmyg?

    aemufawmh awmfvSefwJhArmhwyfrawmf (RBA)/(KNDO) ykefuefawmh atmifyGJtvif;a&mif jrif&wmygyJ?

    jynfwGif;ppfrD;awmufudk ar$;±Hkru rD;pmxnfhay;aewJh OD;ausmf+idrf;udk 0rf;enf;pGmeJ@ aus;Zl;wif&rSm? olvdkvl 21&mpkrSm ray:apcsifygbl;?

    (7) ‘zqyv’ u wyfaygif;pkb0uae ygwDwckb0odk@ tm%m&+yD;aemuf av#musoGm;w,f? 'g[m wdkif;jynftwGuf =urRmiifwmygyJ?

    ‘yxp’ u ygwDtjzpf ay:wmu tm%m&+yD;rS ay:wmyg? 'ga=umifh puwnf;u (OD;Adkvfocif) tufa=umif; ygvmw,f? Adkvfae0if;twGuf tuGuf&apw,f?

    'DcsKyf (NLD) uawmh twdkuftcHygwDyJ? ol@xl;jcm;csufu ygwDvdk@ emrnfcHayr,fh tESpfom&u wyfaygif;pkyJ?Adkvfatmif}uD; xGufoGm;&awmhvnf; wyfaygif;pktESpfom&usefaeao;w,f? tckawmh ygwDppfppfjzpf+yD? 2015 rSmtm%mukvm;xdkif ay:r,fqdkwJh (ar#mfvifhcsuf) vnf; &Sdvmw,f? 'Dawmh ukvm;xdkifvkyGJ jzpfvmw,f?

    tm%mr&rDeJ@tm%m&+yD; jzpfwwfwJhobm0udka&;ygw,f? tm%mtaiG@touf&±HkeJ@ 'DcsKyf (NLD) wckckjzpf&if &ifxkrem jzpf&rSmyg? (rwwfomvdk@ ‘OD;ausmf+idrf;’ &J@v_yf&Sm;r_awGudk a&;&ygw,f? oufqdkifolrsm; cGifhv$wfapcsifw,f?)

    'DcsKyf (NLD) vdrfhvdrfhvJvJ rjzpfapcsifwmu t"duta=umif;yg?

    &JabmfnKdarmi f

  • 26

    ta&;awmfykH *sme,f

    (1) 'DtajccHOya'udk e0w§etz u ppftm%m&Sifpepf&J@ ESpf (50) tawG@tñuHuae oifcef;pmxkwf+yD;a&;xm;wm jzpfygw,f? 1962 tm%modrf;yGJrsdK;/ 1988 tm%modrf;yGJrsdK; aemifrvkyf&atmifa&;qGJxm;wmyg?

    (2) 1962 tm%modrf;yGJu tppfyg? 1988 tm%modrf;yGJuawmh twkjzpfygw,f?tppfqdk&if tm%ma[mif;u tm%mydkifawGtm;vHk;udk zrf;&w,f? axmifxJ xnfh

    &w,f? olwdk@ppfwyf tm%m+rJrSyJ jyefv$wfay;w,f? tm%modrf;zdk@jyifwmudkvnf; tm%m(a[mif;) u vHk;0rodap&bl;? tvpftidkuf,l+yD; tm%modrf;wmyJ?

    ‘twk’ uawmh tm%m(a[mif;) udk,fwdkifu ppfwyfu tm%modrf;Edkifatmif tppt&m&m jyifqifay;+yD;rS odrf;cdkif;wm jzpfw,f? orRwa'gufwmarmifarmifuqdk&if tm%modrf;r,fh ppfAdkvfudk ac:+yD; bmvkyf&r,fqdkwm oifay;w,f? tm%modrf;+yD;&if xkwfjyefa=unm&r,fhtrdef@a=umfjimawGudk E_wfwdkufcsay;w,f? Adkvfcif!Gef@u vdkufa&;&w,f? +yD;rS a=unmwmyJ?a'gufwmarmifarmifuawmif ‘udkif; zrf;awmhav’ qdk+yD; usDp,fvdkufao;w,f? tm%modrf;ppfwyfuaum bmvkyfovJ? qENjyvlxkawGudkyJ ESdrfeif;wmyJvkyfw,f?

    tm%ma[mif;u b,favmufawmif vkyfay;ovJqdk&if tm%modrf;&mrSm ta=umif;jycsufaumif;atmif axmifus&mZ0wfom;awGeJ@ pdwWZtusOf;om; (cyf±dkif;±dkif;ajym&if ‘t±l;awG’)awGudk òr@xJ v$wfay;vdkufw,f?

    &mZ0wfom;eJ@t±l;awG òr@xJa&muf&if bmjzpfrvJqdkwmudk omreftod̂ m%f &Sdolwdkif;odygw,f?

    òr@xJrSm A&rf;Awmjzpfw,f? aomif;usef;w,f? vlxku ‘qENjyyGJ’ &yf+yD; udk,fh&yfuGufudk,f vHkðcHatmif vkyf=u&w,f?

    'gudkyJ ‘rif;rJh0g'aomif;usef;r_’ vdk@ emrnfwyf+yD; tm%modrf;=uwmyg? rEWav;rSm bmrSrjzpfwmeJ@ ,SOf=unfhyg?

    aemuf&Sdao;w,f? ppfwyf wyfpkwpkudk vlpkvla0;eJ@ vufeuf (odrf;) w,fvdk@ pGyfpGJao;w,f? wu,fhtjzpfu qENjyaewJh wufºuaewJh vlxkudk aoewfeJ@ypfvdk@ vlxku tJ'Dwyfudkvufeuf (ðzwf) w,f? vla&mvufeufyg oHCmawmfawGudk tyfw,f? 'g vlxkrSm bmtjypf&SdovJ?

    tJ'DudpPudk yHk}uD;csJ@+yD; 'g[m ‘Auy’ &J@ aoe*FAsL[myJ/ wyfpdwf wyfpk acsr_ef;a&;vkyfwmyJvdk@ pGyfpGJw,f?

    'DudpPudk a&;&wmu tm%modrf;zdk@ jyifay;wm ‘ae0if;eJ@ ol@twGif;pnf;0dkif;’ jzpfw,f?a'gufwmarmifarmifu tJ'D ae0if;eJ@taygif;ygawG&J@apcdkif;r_udk emcH&ol jzpfw,f? a'gufwmarmifarmifu wu,fawmh ppfwyftm%modrf;yGJtwGuf p-v,f-qHk; jyifqifzefwD;ay;&olomjzpfw,f? pdefvGif&J@ ‘t=urf;udkifenf;’ ratmifjrifvdk@ a'gufwmarmifarmifudk ‘taysmhqGJenf;’vkyfcdkif;xm;+yD; aemufuG,fuae ppfwyfawGudk tm%modrf;yGJtwGuf jyifqifaewmom jzpfw,f?cdkif;wdkif;vkyfr,fhwyfudk &efukefac:xnfhwm vkyfw,f? wjynfvHk;rSm wyfawG pkpnf;xm;w,f?pdwfrcs&oludk z,f+yD; cdkif;&mvkyfr,fh oludk wifwmawG vkyfw,f?

    2008 tajccHOya'udk avhvmoHk;oyfjcif; (1)

    avhvmokH;oyfcsuf

    nKdrif;

  • 27

    ta&;awmfykH *sme,f

    (3) ‘2008 tajccHOya'’u txufyg oifcef;pmawG xkwf,lxm;wJh Oya'yg? ed'gef;up+yD; tJ'DtajccHOya'&J@ tcef; (15) cef;pvHk;[m ppftm%m&Sifpepfudk acwfeJ@

    tnDjzpfatmif xdef;!‡dxm;wm jzpfw,f? 'Drdkua&pD rsufESmzHk;pGyfay;xm;wm jzpfw,f? yk'fraygif; (457) ckrSm yk'frtrsm;pku ppfwyfu tm%modrf;zdk@twGuf vrf;zGifhay;xm;

    wmawG jzpfw,f? ‘ta&;ay:a=unmw,f’ qdkwJhemrnfeJ@ ‘ppftm%modrf;yGJ’ vkyfzdk@enf;ay;vrf;jy vkyfxm;wm jzpfw,f?

    ‘ta&;ay:umvqdkif&mjyÏmef;csufrsm;’ qdkwJhtcef;rSmygwJh yk'fraygif; (23) ckudk taotcsmavhvm =unfhvdkuf&if orRwu trsdK;om;umuG,fa&;ESifhvHkðcHa&;aumifpD’(tuv) óu;qGJ&mu&oljzpfa=umif; xif&Sm;w,f?

    (tuv aumifpD) qdkwmu vufawG@tm;jzifh Adkvfae0if;zGJ@pnf;cJhwJh “ppfaumifpD” awGeJ@ tESpfom&t& wwef;wpm;wnf; jzpfw,f?

    (tuv) aumifpDrSm ‘wm0efxrf;aqmifqJppfAdkvf’ awGu v$rf;rdk;aewmudkawG@Edkifw,f? (ae0if;&J@ ‘EdkifiHawmfaumifpD’ rSmvdk wm0efxrf;aqmifqJppfAdkvf enf;enf;yJ ygwmrsdK; r[kwfbl;?)

    ‘ta&;ay:a=unmEdkifcGifh’ u tJ'D(tuv) aumifpDyJ jzpfw,f? (11) OD;ygwJhaumifpDrSm ,leDazmif;0wfawGu trsm;pk ,lxm;w,f?

    ‘ta&;ay:a=unm’ Edkifzdk@ ydk+yD;aocsmatmif yk'fr (412) &J@yk'frcGJ (c) rSm(tuv) aumifpD0if (11) OD;pvHk; rwufEdkifbJ (pHknDtpnf;ta0; rac:Edkif&if) umcsKyf/'kumcsKyf/ umuG,fa&;0ef}uD;/ jynfxJa&; 0ef}uD; 'D (4) a,mufeJ@ orRwu !‡dEd_if;+yD;ta&;ay:tajctaeudk tcsdefrD xkwfjyefEdkifw,fvdk@ a&;xm;w,f? ppfAdkfvf (4) a,muf&J@qHk;jzwfcsufudk orRwu taumiftxnfazmf&r,fqdkwJh t"dỳm,fyJ?

    (4) Auy &J@ oHk;oyfcsuf? orRwOD;odef;pdef[m [dkwkef;u orRwa'gufwmarmifarmif&J@ wm0efrsdK;udk xrf;aqmif

    aewmyJ jzpfw,f? a'gufwmarmifarmifu vlxk}uD;w&yfvHk; tHkºuaecsdefrSm vkyf&wmjzpfvdk@ ol@ ‘taysmh

    qGJenf;’ ratmifjrifcJhbl;? 'ga=umifh tm%modrf;yGJtwk vkyfcJh&w,f? OD;odef;pdef&J@‘taysmhqGJenf;’uawmh wpHkw&m atmifjrifaew,f? tckvdk jynfwGif; jynfytajctaerSm ‘atmifjrif’ aewmvnf; rqef;ygbl;? 'gayrJh tqifajyaewm r[kwfbl;?

    &cdkifrSm ta&;ay:tajctaea=unmxm;&+yD? aemifrSm b,fae&mrSm ‘ta&;ay:’xyfa=unm&rvJ? apmifh=unfh&rSmyg? ta&;ay:tajctaea=unmcsif&if vG,fygw,f?tm%mydkifawGu zefwD;EdkifwJh tajctaeyg?

    wjynfvHk;rSm ta&;ay:tajctaea=unmcGifhudkvnf; yk'fr (417) rSm ay;xm;ygw,f?(5) ajAmif ‘ppftm%modrf;wJhacwf’ r[kwfawmhvdk@ ‘ta&;ay:tajctae a=unmw,f’ qdkwJh ‘yHkzsufxm;wJh

    o¿mef’ eJ@ tm%modrf;zdk@ a&;qGJxm;wmom jzpfygw,f? aemufta=umif;wcku ppftm%modrf;&ifwnf&SdaewJh ‘tajccHOya'’ udk zsufodrf;&+rJ jzpfw,f? ArmjynfrSm tajccHOya' (2) ckudk ‘ppftm%modrf;yGJ’u zsufodrf;cJhwmcsnf;yJ?

    tck ‘tajccHOya'’ udkawmh ppftm%m&Sifpepfu zsufodrf;wm rajymeJ@ jyifqifwmawmifrvkyfapcsifbl;? t&SnfwnfwHhapcsifw,f? ‘ppftm%modrf;yGJ’ o¿mefvkyf&if ‘2008 tajccHOya'’ udkzsufodrf;&rvdk jzpfaevdk@ ‘ta&;ay:tajctae a=unmw,f’ qdkwJho¿mefudk ,lxm;wm jzpfw,f?tajccHOya'u ay;xm;wJh tcGifhta&;udk ppfwyfu w&m;0if,lwJhoabmjzpfatmif vkyfxm;wm jzpfw,f?

    nKdrif;

  • 28

    ta&;awmfykH *sme,f

    (1) ‘2008 tajccHOya'’ udk xpfxpfaighaigheJ@ a&;qGJcJh&wm jzpfw,f? 1993 uae 2007 ckESpftxd(14) ESpf tcsdef,lcJh&w,f? tajccHOya' twnfðy+yD;awmhvnf; aemufxyfESpfwcsdK@,l+yD; toufoGif;cJh&w,f?

    touf0ifawmhvnf; NLD u oydwfarSmufaevdk@/ qef@usifaevdk@ tcuftcJawG@ae&jyefw,f?csLcsmw,f? aemufawmh tar&duef&J@ Armjynfqdkif&m ay:vpDwqpfcsdK; ajymif;w,f? NLD uvnf;&yfwnfcsuf wqpfcsdK;ajymif;w,f? OD;odef;pdef touf±ªacsmifoGm;w,f? wufºuvmw,f? tckqdk&ifjynfwGif;jynfyu ‘2008 tajccHOya'’ udk wdkufzsufr,fqdkwJh ygwD toif;tyif; tpktzGJ@awGudk ‘2008tajccHOya'’ abmifxJudk qGJoGif;wm vkyfae+yD? NLD qdkwJh yifruòy+yD; ‘1990 a&G;aumufyGJtvH’ udkpGef@vdkuf+yDqdkawmh olwdk@vnf; wif;cHEdkif=urSm r[kwfygbl;?

    orRw±Hk;0ef}uD; (6) a,mufxm;+yD; pufukefzGifhv_yf&Sm;ae+yD? tckqdk&if 0ef}uD;OD;atmifrif;tar&duef a&mufaew,f? ‘vGwfajrmufa'o’ a&muf twdkuftcHawGudk taysmhqGJ qGJae+yD? tdrf&Sifuvnf; olwkd@ukd jynfawmfjyefapcsifvS+yD?

    EdkifiHwumhtajctaeu OD;odef;pdefwdk@twGuf wyef;omaew,f? jynfwGif;tajctaeuvnf;NLD udk tajccH Oya'abmifxJrSm ydkifydkif EdkifEdkifodrf;oGif;EdkifcJh+yD? 'ga=umifh ‘2008 tajccHOya'’ abmifxJra&mufao;wJh wdkif;&if;om; vlenf;pk vufeufudkiftiftm;awGudkyJ ygwDaxmif=uzdk@/ ‘2015 a&G;aumufyGJ’ 0if=uzdk@ wGef;aew,f? olwdk@ppftm%mydkifawG&J@ ‘'kwd,yifvHknDvmcH’ qdkwmuvnf; ‘2008 tajccHOya'’ abmifxJqGJoGif;a&;yJ jzpfaew,f?

    (2) tcef; (7) ‘wyfrawmf’ qdkwmrSm yk'fr (8) ck ygw,f? odyfrrsm;bl;? 'gayrJh yk'fr (343) yk'frcGJ(u) rSm um§csKyf . tqHk;tjzwfonf t+yD; tjywfjzpfonfvdk@ a&;xm;w,f? (wyfrawmf)ppfwyfudpPrSm t&yfom; (abmif;bDc|wfjzpfjzpf) 0ifrpGufeJ@vdk@ tjywf[ef@wm;xm;w,f?

    yk'frenf;enf;yJ a&;xm;wmuvnf; tcef; (1) up+yD; tcef;wdkif;rSm wyfrawmf (ppfwyf) udk“OD;aqmifr_” ae&may;xm;+yD; jzpfvdk@yJ?

    tcef; (3) EdkifiHawmft}uD;tuJqdkwJh tcef;u yk'fr (60) udk avhvm=unfh&if &Sif;w,f? 'korRw(3) a,muf a&G;cs,fay;zdk@/ v$wfawmf (2) cku 'korRwavmif;wa,mufpD aygif; (2) a,muf a&G;cs,f+yD;ppfwyfu wa,muf tm;vHk;aygif; (3) a,mufa&G;zdk@/ tJ'D (3) a,mufxJu wa,mufudk jynfaxmifpkv$wfawmf (v$wfawmf ‘2’ ck aygif;xm;wJhv$wfawmf) rSm orRwtjzpf rJay; a&G;cs,fzdk@ jzpfw,f?

    2008 tajccHOya'udk avhvmoHk;oyfjcif; (2)

    avhvmokH;oyfcsuf

    nKdrif;

  • 29

    ta&;awmfykH *sme,f

    tJ'DpepfeJ@ a&G;vdkufawmh OD;odef;pdef ta&G;cH&w,f? ta&G;cH&rSmaygh AdkvfcsKyf}uD;odef;pdef }uHh§zGH@ OuUÏ}uD; vkyfaewkef;u trwfavmif;awGudk ol@pdwfóuufa&G;xm;wmyJ? a&G;aumufyGJrSm }uHh§zGH@ awG tEdkif&atmifvnf; olyJ npfywfxm;wmyJ? 'gawmifrS ppfwyfua&G;ay;wJh 'korRw OD;wifatmifjrifhOD;u rJtawmfav;&vdkufao;w,f? oydwf0iftdwf0ifppfAdkvftrwfawG&J@rJtjyif wjcm;rJwcsdK@vnf; &vdkufw,f?

    'gayrJh }uHh§zGH@ trwftrsm;pku OD;odef;pdefudk rJay;=uvdk@ OD;odef;pdef EdkifcJhwmyJ? trsdK;om;v$wfawmfu wifwJh 'korRw pdkif;armufcrf;u tjznfhcHyg? wu,fòyif&wmu ‘jynfol@v$wfawmf’ u a&G;wJholeJ@ ppfwyfu a&G;wJholyJ?

    ‘2008 tajccHOya'’ oufqdk;&Snfor#awmh jynfol@v$wfawmfeJ@ ppfwyfuwifwJh 'korRw (2) a,mufyJ orRwjzpfa&; ,SOfòyifae=urSmyg? ‘t&yfom;orRw’ jzpfvnf; ppfwyf&J@ tajccHtusdK;pD;yGm;udk vufzsm;eJ@awmif wdk@EdkifrSm r[kwfbl;?

    (3) OD;wifatmifjrifhOD;u ol@tajctae olodvdk@ EkwfxGufoGm;awmh um§csKyf Adkvfrif;atmifv_difu aemufwa,mufwifvdkufw,f? OD;wifatmifjrifhOD;u Adkvfrif;atmifvd_ifeJ@,SOf&if 0g&ifhw,f? óu;udkifzdk@ rvG,fbl;? tck wifvdkufwJhAdkvf̂ m%fxGef;udkawmh olu óu;udkifEdkifw,f?

    'ga=umifh Adkvfrif;atmifvd_ifu trsdK;om;umuG,fa&;eJ@vHkðcHa&;aumifpDrSm trmcH rJwrJ wdk;oGm;w,f? ‘tuv’aumifpD (um§vHk) rSm (11) a,muf&Sdw,f?

    EdkifiHawmforRw (OD;odef;pdef) &,f/ 'korRw (2) a,muf&,f aygif; (3) a,mufxJrSm Adkvf̂ m%fxGef;wa,mufwdk;vmawmh wrJwdk;vmw,f? usefwJh um§csKyf (oludk,fwdkif) &,f/ 'kwd, um§csKyf/ (olcef@xm;wJh orRwu wHqdyfwHk;xkay;&wJh) 0ef}uD; (3) a,muf (umuG,fa&; - jynfxJa&; - e,fpyfa&;0ef}uD;awG) &,feJ@qdk&if Adkvfrif;atmifvd_ifrSmtrmcHrJ (6) rJ &Sdae+yD?

    tajccHOya'&J@ yk'frtrsm;tjym;rSmvnf; orRwu um§vHk &J@ axmufcHcsuf&,lzdk@/ !‡dEd_if;zdk@/ twnfðycsuf,lzdk@qdkwmawGeJ@ csKyfxm;w,f? tJ'Dyk'frawGudkawmh tus,fra&;awmhygbl;? avhvm=unfh&if awG@=urSmyg?

    (4) ‘OD;odef;pdeftpdk;&’ qdkwm ‘OD;ydkif’ tpdk;&yg? (OD;ydkifqdkwmu ppfwyfvuf0g;}uD;tkyfukr̀%D (UMEH) udk twdkaumufemrnfay;vdkufwm jzpfw,f?)

    NLD tygt0if Oya'wGif;tiftm;pkawGu ‘2015 a&G;aumufyGJ’ ar#mf+yD; pdwful;,OfaewJhtcsdefrSm OD;odef;pdef&J@tultnDeJ@ ‘OD;ydkif’ u ol@pD;yGm;a&;tifyg,mudk wdk;csJ@aeygw,f?

    ‘OD;ydkif’ &J@ vufwHu &Snf±Hkru rsm;ygw,f? a&b0J&J@vufwHxuf rsm;ygw,f? ae0if;-atmif}uD; acwfu wyfrawmf oufomacsmifcsda&;u pvdkufwJh vkyfief;awG[m wdk;csJ@+yD;&if; wdk;csJ@vmwm b,fwkef;urS &yfw,fvdk@ r&Sdygbl;?b,fEdkifiHa&;tiftm;pkurSvnf; 'Dwdk;csJ@r_udk &yfwHhatmif rvkyfEdkifcJhbl;? yHkpHtrsdK;rsdK; toGiftzHkzHkoHk;+yD; wdk;csJ@vmwmrSmtckawmh tm;vHk;avmuf ‘OD;ydkif’ vufxJ a&mufukefyg+yD?

    OD;odef;pdefu ±kyfjyyg? wu,fwrf; Armjynfudk cs,fvS,faewmu ‘OD;ydkif’ yJ?

    (5) OD;odef;pdefu 2015 txdyJ orRwvkyfr,fvdk@ a=unm+yD;om;yg? 2015 rSm vkyfr,fha&G;aumufyGJqdkwm vkyfjzpf&ifArmjynf wjynfvHk;&J@ pD;yGm;a&;toufaoG;a=umrSefor# ‘OD;ydkif’ (UMEH) vufxJ a&mufaewmudk awG@&ygvdrfhr,f?

    +yD;awmhvnf; tJ'D ‘2015 a&G;aumufyGJ’ u yk'fr (398) yk'frcGJ (u) rSm ygwJhtwdkif; ‘a&G;aumufyGJaumfr&Sif’ &J@ tm%mt0ef;t0dkif;twGif; usif;yrSm jzpfw,f? w&m;r#wr,fvdk@ xif=uygovm;? yk'fr (402)(403) udkvnf; avhvm=unfhoifhygw,f? t+yD;tjywf tm%may;xm;wJhxJrSm olvnf; ygygw,f?

    ‘2015’ a&muf&if ‘2008 tajccHOya'’ u ‘5’ ESpfom; jzpfaea&mhr,f? oli,femeJ@awmh raoawmhbl;? tJ'DvdkeJ@ ‘rqv tajccHOya'’ vdk oufqdk;&SnfrSjzifh æææ wauG@}uD; csDwuf&awmhrSmyg?

    nKdrif;

  • 3 0

    ta&;awmfykH *sme,f

    umwGef;aeOD;&J@ vuf&m(1)

  • 3 1

    ta&;awmfykH *sme,f

    umwGef;aeOD;&J@ vuf&m(2)

  • 3 2

    ta&;awmfykH *sme,f

    r=umao;cifuyJ Armjynfu }uHhzGwf tpdk;&acgif;aqmif

    awG[m vma&mufvnfywfwJh xdkif;umuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyfudk xdkif;

    ppfwyfeJ@tar&duefppfwyfwdk@ ESpfpOfjyKvkyfaewJh (Cobra Gold) ac:

    a&$a¹ra[mufyl;wGJppfavhusifhyGJudk avhvmoltjzpfeJ@ wufa&muf

    vdkw,f/ tar&duefudkajymay;ygvdk@ ajymwJh ta=umif;odvdkuf&yg

    w,f? }uHhzGwftpdk;& 'Dae@ av#mufvSrf;aewJh vrf;a=umif;eJ@ 'Dajc

    vSrf;[m wdkuf±dkufqufpyfaew,fqdkwm Armjynfta=umif;

    rsufjcnfrjywfolwdkif; jrif=uygw,f?

    Armjynfuppftpdk;&[m t&ifutdrfjzLawmfudk olrod

    udk,fydk; ydk;ae&muae tcktcgrSm olod-udk,fod/ urBmod ydk;cGifh&vdk@

    ydk;vmwJhtcgrSm tifrwef r[m;',m;EdkifvSygw,f? b,ftxd

    a&mufvm+yDvJqdk&if Armjynfutpdk;&tqufquf&J@ =um;ae

    a&;tpOftvmudkawmifrS pGef@v$wfoifhpGef@v$wfr,fh taetxm;

    xd a&mufvmw,fqdkwmudk 'Dtcsufu jyaeygw,f?

    wu,fhEdkifiHwumhtaetxm;/ txl;ojzifh Armjynf

    ywf0ef;usifu EdkifiHa&;taetxm;[m odyfraumif;vSbl;vdk@ qdk

    &rSmyg? taemufbufrSm tdENd,eJ@ygupPwefwdk@t=um; qufqH

    a&;awG wif;rmaeovdk ta&S@bufu w±kwfurf;±dk;wef;w

    av#mufeJ@ w0dkufrSmvnf; tajctaeawG[m b,fwkef;ueJ@rSrwl

    atmif wif;rmaeygw,f? EdkifiHtrsm;}uD;ygwJh tjiif;yGm;r_}uD; vdk@

    qdk&rSmyg? 'DvdktajctaerSm Adkvfodef;pdefwdk@u (olwdk@ppftkyfpkeJ@

    olwdk@c±dkeDwdk@&J@ tusdK;oufoufudk =unfh+yD;) tar&duefudk rsufp

    ypfjyaewm[m vdrfrmyg;eyfwJh tjyKtrlvdk@ rqdkEdkifygbl;?

    yxrurBmppf}uD;+yD;awmh EdkifiH}uD;awG[m tJ'Dppf}uD;u

    cGJa0ay;vdkufwJh e,fajrtaetxm;twdkif; umvwck auseyf

    oGm;=u/ 'grSr[kwf (rauseyfolawGu) atmifhtnf;aecJh=uyg

    w,f? 'gayrJh aemuftESpfESpfq,favmuf=umawmh e,fajrvkr_

    awGjyefay:vm+yD; aemufqHk;rSm 'kwd,urBmppf}uD; aygufuGJxGuf

    awmhwmyJ r[kwfygvm;? tckvnf;yJ 'kwd, urBmppfeJ@ ppfat;

    ppfyGJu cGJjcm;owfrSwfay;cJhwJh e,fedrdwfrsOf;awGeJ@ =oZmcHe,fy,f

    awGtwGuf &efapmifr_awG urBmh tae&m&mrSm jyefay:xGufvm

    aeygw,f? tmz&duajrmufydkif;eJ@ ta&S@tv,fydkif;rSm qdkAD,uf

    ,leD,H&J@=oZm aysmufuG,foGm;wmeJ@ taemufEdkifiHawG- txl;

    ojzifh tar&duef[m 'Da'oudk pdk;rdk;zdk@ tjywfvkyfawmhwmygyJ?

    'DvdkyJ w±kwfjynf&J@ ta&S@wv$m;rSmawmh 'kwd,urBmppf&J@ owf

    rSwfcsufawGudk tefwkwJh e,fajrvkyGJawG jyif;jyif;xefxef ay: vm

    aeygw,f?

    'Dvdkwif;rmr_awGudk tcGifhaumif;,l+yD; tar&duef

    wdkif;jynfudkacsmufxJqGJcsr,fh EdkifiHjcm;a&;ay:vpD

    &Jabmf zdk;oHacsmif;

    ay:vpDa&;&m

  • 3 3

    ta&;awmfykH *sme,f

    uawmh urBmhta&S@wv$m;rSm ol@=oZmjyefxlaxmifzdk@

    vHk;yef;aewm[mvnf; vlwdkif;tjrifygyJ? jzpfEdkif&if wcsdef

    u ol@=oZm&J@ jy,k*fvdk@qdk&r,fh pifwdk; (CENTO) / qD;wdk;

    (SEATO)/ tif;Zyfpf (ANZUS) pwJh ppfpmcsKyfawGudk jyef

    toufoGif;zdk@awmif }udK;pm;aewmjzpfygw,f? tJ'Dvdk

    }udK;pm;wmtwGuf taxmuftuljzpfapwJh yl;wGJppfavh

    usifhr_awGudk wck+yD;wck qufwdkufvkyfaeygw,f? r=um

    rDuwifyJ tar&duef[m zdvdydkif/ *syef/ awmifudk&D;,m;

    pwJh EdkifiHawG eJ@ wEdkifiH+yD;wEdkifiH yl;wGJppfavhusifha&;awG

    vkyfcJhygw,f? "rRwmyJ w±kwftpdk;&[m 'DvdkvkyfwmawGudk

    cg;cg;oD;oD; qef@usifcJhygw,f? wu,fuawmh b,fppfpm

    csKyf/ b,fppfavhusifhr_rsdK;rqdk yg;pyfu xkwfrajymayr,fh

    EdkifiH wck/ 'grSr[kwfEdkifiHwcsdK@udk OD;wnfcsuf&Sdwmcsnf;yg?

    Adkvf odef;pdefwdk@ Adkvfrif;atmifvd_ifwdk@[m 'DtcsufudkrodbJ

    xdkif;umuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyfudk ajymvdkufwm rjzpfEdkifygbl;?

    }uHhzGwftpdk;&&J@ “tajymif;tvJ”qdkwma=umifh

    'Dae@Armjynf[m jrpfxJaygavmarsmvmwJh qifao

    aumif}uD;vdk pm;vdkufr[Jh/ 0g;vdkufr[JhqdkwJh usD;awGu

    waomaom/ vif;wawGu w±kef;±kef;eJ@ jzpfaeygw,f?

    'Dae@tcgvdk ArmjynfrSm&SdwJh oH±Hk;awGv_yf&Sm;wm Arm jynf

    &J@ vGwfvyfa&;ordkif;rSm &Sm;w,fvdk@qdk&rSmyg? 'ghtjyif

    tifef*sDtdk/ tdkiftifef*sDtdk qdkwmawG[mvnf; ajcoGufcsif

    wdkif;oGuf/ ajc±_yfcsifwdkif;±_yfae=uwmyg? 'Dvdkv_yf&Sm;r_

    awG[m =umvm&if tm%m& tkyfpkeJ@ EdkifiHa&; tiftm;pk

    awGt=um;rSm rwluGJjym;wJh ausmaxmufaemufcHawG

    jzpfay:vm/ tJ'Duwqifh uGJvGJr_awGjzpf ay:vmapEdkif

    ygw,f?

    e*dkurS ArmjynfrSm trsdK;om;pnf;vHk;nDnGwfa&;

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    vdkuf qdkwmrsdK;vkyfae&if wcsdK;wauG@rSm ajrZmyifjzpfoGm;

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    wdkif;jynfemygvdrfhr,f?

    &Jabmfzdk;oHacsmif;

  • 3 4

    ta&;awmfykH *sme,f

    udkpdef0if;qHk;oGm;w,fqdkawmh qHk;±H_;r_}uD;rm;vSw,fvdk@ ajymrd/ =um;rdygw,f? 'Dvdkjzifh bmawGqHk;±H_;oGm;vdk@vJqdkwm ar;p&mjzpfvmygw,f?

    ol@&J@uavmifpGrf;/ ol@&J@ynmA[kokw/ ol@&J@jynfol@bufu&yfwnfcsuf/ ol@&J@jynfcspfpdwf"mwf/ ajymp&mawGtrsm;}uD;vdk@qdk=uygvdrfhr,f? rSefygw,f/ b,folrS jiif;r&wJhtcsufawGudk u|efawmf vHk;0 oabmwlygw,f? 'gayrJh olrsm;awG arhaerSmpdk;wJhtcsufwcsufudk pOf;pm;rdvdk@ tck 'DrSm a&;vdkufygw,f?

    tJ'guawmh udkpdef0if;&xm;wJh uavmifvdkifpifyg?'Dvdkifpifudk b,folurS ay;xm;wmr[kwfygbl;? 'gayrJh vlwdkif;vJ 'DvdkvdkifpifrsdK; r&ygbl;/ ol@&J@b0wav#muf &yfwnfcsuftyg ta=umif;tcsuftrsdK;rsdK;a=umihf olu 'Dvdkifpifudk&xm;cJhwmyg? 'gayrJh 'g[m wcsdK@udpPawGtwGufom jzpfygw,f? vdkifpifqdkwmrsdK;[m tcGifhtm%m&SdaeolawGuomay;EdkifwmrSefayr,fh udkpdef0if;&xm;wJh uavmifvdkifpifudkppftpdk;&uaomfvnf;aumif;/ pmaypdppfa&;uaomfvnf;aumif; ay;wm vHk;0r[kwfygbl;? 'gayrJh ol@rSm tJ'Dvdkifpif &Sdaeygw,f? rSefygw,f? ol@uavmifouftwGif;rSm vludk,fwkdif tzrf;cH&wma&m ola&;wmawGudk azmfjyr_ray;wmvdk0uftlusyfwmawG ol@crsm r=umc% }uHKcJh&wmawmh trSefygyJ? 'gayrJh ol[m tJ'Dvdkifpif&xm;wJh uavmifeJ@ jynfolawG&J@ cHpm;csufawGudk a&mifjyef[yfcJhygw,f? EdkifiHa&;avmuom;awGudk a0zefaxmufjycJhygw,f?

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  • 3 5

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  • 3 6

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  • 3 7

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  • 3 8

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KH 309-TSL10

KH 309-TSL10