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Norway’s Hydrogen and Ammonia History
Initial Process – Nitric Acid
”Burning air” -> NO + H2O -> HNO3
Early power station dedicated to make fertilizer Ovens with ”standing arcs” to produce NO
In 1928 – Hydro converted to make fertilizer via hydrogen and ammonia
Electrolysers installed at Rjukan 1930, 150 units, 30 000 Nm3/hr, 150 MW
In 1928 – Hydro converted to make fertilizer via hydrogen and ammonia
Electrolysers installed at Rjukan 1930, 150 units, 30 000 Nm3/hr, 150 MW
Hydrogen and nitrogen transported down the valleyto Rjukan and made into ammonia
Ammonia transported 150 miles by rail across inland lakes to theshore at Porsgrunn
Hydro gradually converted to natural gas based ammonia production from the late 60’sKept electrolysers going as a a separate business, sold the fertilizer unit in 2004 (now Yara).
Ammonia Powered Truck - Rjukan
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The Midwest’s H2 and NH3 History
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NG 12 USD/MMBtu4 cents/KWh as heat8 cents/KWh converted to el
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*Electrical process….not limited to wind energy!
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